WO2020238986A1

WO2020238986A1 - Storm water management system and method for permeable pavement in sponge city

Info

Publication number: WO2020238986A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/092706
Authority: WO
Inventors: 蒋玮; 单金焕; 沙爱民; 李鹏飞; 鹿蓉; 袁东东; 叶万里
Original assignee: 长安大学
Priority date: 2019-05-28
Filing date: 2020-05-27
Publication date: 2020-12-03
Also published as: CN110205897A

Abstract

A storm water management system and method for permeable pavement in a sponge city. The storm water management system comprises a meteorological bureau data sharing system (12), a meteorological station system (13), a permeable pavement storm sewer system, a permeable pavement humidity acquisition system, and a central management system (14). The meteorological bureau data sharing system (12), the meteorological station system (13), and the permeable pavement humidity acquisition system are all communicatively connected to the central management system (14). The permeable pavement storm sewer system connects the permeable pavement and a sponge city storm sewer (7), so that the excessive storm water can be discharged to other storm water management facilities in time by means of drainage valves (6), drainage pumps (11) and overflow valves, thereby effectively solving the problem of insufficient storm water receiving capacity of the permeable pavement in extreme rainfall weather.

Description

Rain and flood management system and management method for sponge city permeable pavement

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of urban drainage, and specifically relates to a rainwater management system and a management method for a sponge city permeable pavement.

Background technique

Studies have shown that the ground hardening rate in modern cities is high, and it takes a while for rainwater to enter the drainage outlet from the ground when heavy rain occurs. If surface runoff cannot be introduced into the urban rainwater pipe network or natural water body in time, waterlogging may occur during heavy rain. Therefore, the exploration and construction of sponge cities has gradually begun on a global scale. Using the sponge city rainwater management system, the peak flow of heavy rain can be reduced through measures such as infiltration, retention, and regulation, which is conducive to the control of urban waterlogging. Replenish urban groundwater in time to reduce pollution of urban water bodies by surface runoff.

Permeable pavement is a new form of sponge urban paving. It is different from the traditional impervious pavement. Permeable pavement can effectively reduce the total amount of runoff from the source, replenish groundwater resources, reduce the urban heat island effect, and can also resist The role of sliding noise reduction. However, the theory of sponge city is still in the stage of exploration and development. The transformation from traditional municipal rainwater pipe network to sponge city is a long-term and arduous systematic project. At present, as an important part of the sponge city, the permeable pavement also has some key problems:

(1) The design and construction of the permeable pavement are separated from the overall planning and construction of the sponge city, and there is a lack of monitoring feedback and comprehensive management of the service process of the permeable pavement;

(2) There is a lack of effective assessment of the maximum rainfall and rainfall intensity that can be carried by permeable roads. Heavy rainfall may cause rainwater overflow, even affect the stability of the roadbed, and affect the safety of driving.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a rainwater management system and management method for the sponge city permeable pavement, which can effectively improve the stability and safety of the permeable pavement under special weather such as heavy rains, and can provide real-time feedback on the service process of the permeable pavement And timely and effectively guide the municipal and other relevant departments to maintain and manage the permeable pavement.

The rain and flood management system for the sponge city permeable pavement includes: Meteorological Bureau data sharing system, weather station system, sponge city permeable road rainwater pipe network system, permeable road humidity collection system and central management system.

The said Meteorological Bureau’s data sharing system is connected to the Meteorological Bureau to extract the rainfall data required for sponge city rainwater management through the data of the Meteorological Bureau. The rainfall data includes the probability of rainfall in the next 24 hours, the predicted rainfall intensity and the predicted Rainfall, enter the central management system.

The weather station system is composed of real-time weather data (mainly rainfall and humidity data) of road sections at different measurement points. After removing bad data by analyzing the data of road sections at different measurement points, it is input into the central management system.

The sponge urban permeable road rainwater pipe network system is the part that connects the permeable road surface and the urban rainwater pipe network system. The system can receive rainwater exceeding the bearing capacity of the permeable road surface, and this part of rainwater is naturally infiltrated and filtered through the sponge urban rainwater system , Storage and reuse.

The moisture collection system of the permeable road surface is composed of a temperature and humidity sensor, a sensor collector and a wireless transmission device. During the construction of the road, the temperature and humidity sensors are buried in each structural layer of the road at certain intervals, and the temperature and humidity sensors of different layers are aligned vertically. The temperature and humidity sensors can collect the temperature and humidity of each layer of the road and transmit the signals to the sensor collector , The collector stores the temperature and humidity data, and transmits the data to the central management system through the wireless transmission device.

The central management system is used to collect and analyze weather forecast data, weather station data, permeable road humidity data, and rainwater pipe network system data, and adjust the on-off status of the drain valve and drain pump in the sponge city permeable road rainwater pipe network system.

The analysis process of the sponge city integrated management system is as follows:

1. Data summary: Data summary of the Meteorological Bureau data sharing system, weather station system, sponge city permeable road rainwater pipe network system, permeable road humidity collection system.

2. Judgment of opening and closing of drain valve:

(1) The Bureau of Meteorology predicts the amount of rainfall and rain intensity in the next 24 hours based on meteorological data. The central management system determines whether the maximum possible rainfall is permeable or not. The road allows the maximum rainfall to adjust the opening and closing of the drain valve. If the maximum possible rainfall exceeds the permeable The road allows maximum rainfall, and the drain valve is opened in advance one hour before the predicted rainfall time node.

(2) The weather station obtains real-time rainfall through rain gauges, etc., and transmits the rainfall to the central management system. The central management system calculates the rainfall intensity based on the rainfall, and then judges whether the actual maximum instantaneous rainfall intensity is greater than the maximum allowable rainfall intensity on a permeable road To adjust the opening and closing of the drain valve, if the actual rainfall intensity exceeds the allowable value, open the drain valve;

(3) The permeable road humidity collection system transmits the humidity status of each structural layer to the central management system. If the humidity of the structural surface exceeds the allowable humidity value, open the drain valve;

If the following three conditions are met at the same time, the drain valve is closed:

Condition 1: The maximum possible rainfall does not exceed the maximum allowable rainfall on the permeable road;

Condition 2: The rainfall intensity is less than the maximum allowable rainfall intensity of the permeable pavement;

Condition 3: The humidity of the structural surface is less than the allowable humidity value;

3. Drainage pump and overflow valve. The overflow valve is a part of the urban rainwater pipe network, that is, the rainwater drain pump will pump rainwater to the urban rainwater pipe network. If the urban rainwater pipe network cannot bear it, it will open the overflow valve and overflow to the river Wait for a place, open and close judgment:

If the rainwater runoff of the rainwater pipe network system of the sponge city permeable pavement exceeds the allowable runoff of the pipe network, if the rainwater is not drained in time, the rainwater will overflow out of the drainage pavement. Therefore, opening the drain pump and overflow valve through the rainwater pipe network system of the sponge city permeable road can quickly divert rainwater to other stormwater management facilities.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:

1) It can effectively solve the problem of insufficient rainwater receiving capacity of the permeable pavement under extreme rainy weather. Through the sponge urban permeable road rainwater pipe network system, the permeable pavement and the urban rainwater pipe network system are connected, through the drainage valve, drainage pump and overflow valve Timely discharge excess rainwater to other stormwater management facilities.

When the rainfall does not exceed the capacity of the road surface, the permeable road surface can reduce the peak rainfall flow, prevent urban waterlogging, effectively alleviate the flood discharge pressure of the urban drainage system, and improve the comfort and safety of vehicles and pedestrians. Water avoids the formation of water film between tires and road surfaces, shortens the braking distance, and improves driving safety; its good water permeability and moisture retention can make rainwater quickly penetrate the ground surface and restore it to groundwater, so that groundwater resources can be replenished in time and improved ecology The environment avoids engineering geological disasters such as ground subsidence caused by excessive exploitation of groundwater; in addition, the permeable pavement can also reduce dust pollution, filter surface sewage, absorb traffic noise, optimize the urban environment, link the heat island effect, and have significant economic benefits.

Further, several temperature and humidity sensors are arranged at intervals in the permeable surface layer, the permeable base layer of the road surface and the roadbed, and the projections of the permeable surface layer, the permeable base layer of the road surface and the temperature and humidity sensors provided in the roadbed overlap. At the same time, monitor the humidity of different levels to ensure that the seepage can be discharged in time to prevent waterlogging.

Based on the above management method of the rainwater management system for the sponge city permeable pavement, according to whether the rainfall exceeds the load of the permeable pavement in the next 24 hours or in real time, if the load exceeds the pavement load, the drain valve is opened; when the humidity of the permeable pavement is cut off When the humidity is not greater than the allowable humidity of the permeable pavement, the drain valve is closed; under different conditions, different treatments are carried out. When the rainfall or humidity meets the load on the pavement, the rainwater seeps naturally, and no measures are needed. The rainwater seeps into the ground and returns to Groundwater allows the groundwater resources to be replenished in time. When the seepage road cannot withstand the predicted or real-time rainfall, open the drain valve so that the rainwater can be discharged in time to prevent water accumulation.

Furthermore, when the maximum possible rainfall> the maximum allowable rainfall on the permeable pavement, the drainage valve will be opened one hour before the predicted rainfall time node to prevent rainwater from being discharged in time due to sudden changes in the weather.

Further, set N temperature and humidity sensors to cover a certain road section, and if the humidity detected by any one of the N temperature and humidity sensors is greater than the allowable humidity value of the permeable road surface, all drain valves in the road section are opened. Ensure that rainwater is discharged in time.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a flow chart of the rainwater management system for the sponge city permeable road surface of the present invention;

2 is a flow chart of the procedure for determining whether to open the urban pipe network system by the sponge city permeable road rainwater management system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rainwater management system for permeable roads of the present invention.

In the attached drawing: 1-permeable surface layer, 2-permeable base layer, 3-subgrade, 4-transverse drainage pipe, 5-inlet hole, 6-drain valve, 7-sponge urban rainwater pipe network, 8-temperature and humidity sensor, 9 -Sensor data collector, 10-wireless transmission device, 11-drain pump, 12-weather bureau data sharing system, 13-weather station system, 14-central management system.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and The description is simplified, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed or detachable. Connected or integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

The permeable road surface includes a roadbed 3, a permeable base layer 2 and a permeable surface layer 1 arranged in sequence from bottom to top.

Referring to Figure 3, the arrow direction in Figure 3 is the direction of water flow. The rain and flood management system facing the sponge city permeable road surface includes the Meteorological Bureau data sharing system 12, the weather station system 13, the sponge city permeable road rainwater pipe network system, and the permeable road humidity collection system And central management system 14. The data sharing system 12 of the Meteorological Bureau, the weather station system 13 and the permeable road humidity collection system are all wirelessly connected to the central management system 14.

The rainwater pipe network system of the sponge city permeable road surface includes a horizontal drainage pipe 4 and a rainwater network pipe 7. The roadbed 3 is provided with a horizontal drainage pipe 4, and the top of the horizontal drainage pipe is provided with several water inlet holes 5, and the liquid in the permeable base layer 2 flows in through the water inlet holes 5. In the horizontal drainage pipe 4, the drainage pipe 4 is connected with the rainwater network pipe 7, a drainage valve 6 is installed between the horizontal drainage pipe 4 and the rainwater network pipe 7, and a drainage pump 11 is installed in the rainwater network pipe 7.

Preferably, a filter screen for preventing debris from entering the horizontal drain pipe 4 is provided in the water inlet 5. The permeable road humidity collection system 9 includes a temperature and humidity sensor 8, a sensor collector 9 and a wireless transmission device 10. There are a number of temperature and humidity sensors 8 in the permeable surface layer 1 of the road, and a number of temperature and humidity sensors are provided in the permeable base layer 2 of the road. The sensor 8, all the temperature and humidity sensors 8 are connected to the sensor collector 9, and the sensor collector 9 communicates with the central management system via the wireless transmission device 10. General roads from top to bottom are permeable surface layer 1, permeable base layer 2, and roadbed 3. Permeable surface layer 1 includes upper, middle and lower layers arranged in sequence from top to bottom, permeable base layer 2 includes base layer and bottom base layer. In the vertical direction, at least one temperature and humidity sensor 8 is installed in the permeable surface layer 1, the permeable base layer 2, and the roadbed 3. It is also possible to set a temperature and humidity sensor in each of the upper, middle, lower, base and bottom base layers. For the sensor 8, a temperature and humidity sensor 8 is arranged at intervals of 10 cm to 20 cm in the vertical direction, and a temperature and humidity sensor 8 is arranged at intervals of 15 cm to 20 cm in the vertical direction on the roadbed. The horizontal distance of the temperature and humidity sensor 8 is set according to the traffic volume and the importance of the road surface. The distance between the temperature and humidity sensors 8 in the same layer is 25m-100m.

The rain and flood management methods for the sponge city permeable pavement are as follows:

Before the rainfall, the data sharing system 12 of the Bureau of Meteorology predicts the amount of rainfall and the size of the rain in the next 24 hours based on the weather data. The central management system 14 adjusts the opening and closing of the drainage valve 6 by judging whether the maximum possible rainfall is permeable and the maximum rainfall allowed on the road surface. If the maximum possible rainfall exceeds the maximum allowable rainfall on the permeable pavement, the drain valve 6 is opened in advance one hour before the predicted rainfall time node.

During the rainfall process, the weather station system 13 obtains real-time rainfall and rainfall intensity data through rain gauges, etc., and transmits them to the central management system. The central management system adjusts the drain valve 6 in parallel by judging whether the rainfall intensity is greater than the allowable maximum rainfall intensity of the permeable road surface. Open and close, if the actual rainfall intensity exceeds the allowable value, open the drain valve 6 in time.

In the process of rainfall, the humidity of the permeable road surface gradually increases. The permeable road humidity collection system collects real-time temperature and humidity values through the temperature and humidity sensor 8 and the sensor data collector 9, and transmits the humidity status of each structural layer to the central management system 14 through the wireless transmission device 10 If the humidity of the structural surface exceeds the allowable humidity value, set N temperature and humidity sensors 8 to cover a certain road section. If the humidity detected by any one of the N temperature and humidity sensors 8 exceeds the allowable humidity value, turn on the All drain valves 6.

Preferably, dynamically adjust the collection frequency of the sensor collector 9 according to weather conditions:

If it is sunny, the temperature and humidity sensor data can be collected every 20-30 minutes;

In the case of rainy weather, the temperature and humidity sensor data can be collected every 5-10 minutes;

If it is heavy rain or heavy rain, collect the data of the temperature and humidity sensor every 1-5 minutes.

During the rainfall process, if the rainwater runoff of the rainwater pipe network system of the sponge city permeable pavement exceeds the allowable runoff of the pipe network, if the rainwater is not drained in time, the rainwater will overflow out of the drainage pavement. Therefore, the drainage pump 11 and the overflow valve are turned on through the sponge urban permeable road rainwater pipe network system. The overflow valve is part of the urban stormwater management system and can quickly divert rainwater to other stormwater management facilities through the urban rainwater pipe network 7, such as rainwater. If gardens, storage ponds, wet ponds, sunken green spaces, etc. exceed the capacity of the urban pipe network, drain rainwater to nearby rivers and lakes.

The above content is only to illustrate the technical ideas of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solutions according to the technical ideas proposed by the present invention fall into the claims of the present invention. Within the scope of protection.

Claims

The rainwater management system for the sponge city permeable road surface is characterized by including the Meteorological Bureau data sharing system (12), weather station system (13), sponge city permeable road rainwater pipe network system, permeable road humidity collection system and central management system ( 14) The data sharing system (12) of the Meteorological Bureau, the weather station system (13) and the permeable road humidity collection system are all communicatively connected with the central management system (14);

The Meteorological Bureau data sharing system (12) is used to collect the predicted probability of rainfall, the predicted rainfall intensity and the predicted rainfall in the next 24 hours, and transmit them to the central management system (14);

The weather station system (13) is used to collect real-time rainfall and transmit it to the central management system (14);

The rainwater pipe network system of the sponge city permeable road surface includes a rainwater pipe network (7) and a horizontal drainage pipe (4) arranged in the roadbed (3). The horizontal drainage pipe (4) is provided with several water inlet holes (5), and the drainage pipe (4) It is connected to the rainwater pipe network (7), and a drain valve (6) is installed between the horizontal drainage pipe (4) and the rainwater pipe network (7);

The permeable road humidity collection system includes a temperature and humidity sensor (8) and a sensor collector (9). The humidity sensor (8) is set on the permeable road surface. All temperature and humidity sensors (8) are connected to the sensor collector (9). The collector (9) communicates with the central management system (14);

The central management system (14) is used to control the opening or closing of the drainage valve (6) according to the probability of rainfall in the next 24 hours, the predicted rainfall intensity, and the predicted rainfall, real-time rainfall, and road humidity.
The rainwater management system for the sponge city permeable pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that, a drainage pump (11) is installed in the rainwater network pipe (7).
The rain and flood management system facing the sponge city permeable pavement according to claim 1, characterized in that a filter for preventing debris from entering the horizontal drainage pipe (4) is provided in the water inlet (5).
The storm and flood management system for the sponge city permeable road surface according to claim 1, wherein the permeable road surface comprises a roadbed (3), a permeable base layer (2) and a permeable surface layer (1) arranged in sequence from bottom to top , The permeable surface layer (1), the permeable base layer of the road surface (2) and the roadbed (3) are provided with a number of temperature and humidity sensors (8) at intervals, the permeable surface layer (1), the permeable base layer of the road surface (2) and the roadbed ( 3) The projection of the temperature and humidity sensor (8) set in the coincidence.
The management method of a rainwater management system for a sponge city permeable pavement based on claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Collect the rainfall in the next 24 hours, the real-time humidity of the permeable road surface, the real-time rainfall, and the open or closed state of the drain valve (6), and calculate the rainfall intensity based on the rainfall;

Step 2. Determine whether the rainfall in the next 24 hours or in real time exceeds the load on the permeable road surface:

If in the next 24 hours or real-time rainfall does not exceed the load on the permeable pavement, the drain valve (6) is closed; if in the next 24 hours or real-time rainfall exceeds the load on the permeable pavement, the drain valve (6) is in the open state , And then judge whether the humidity of the permeable pavement is greater than the allowable humidity of the permeable pavement:

When the humidity of the impermeable pavement is greater than the allowable humidity of the permeable pavement, the drain valve (6) is opened;

When the humidity of the water-permeable road surface is not greater than the allowable humidity of the water-permeable road surface, the drain valve (6) is in a closed state.
According to claim 5, a rainwater management method for sponge city permeable pavement, characterized in that, in step 2, if the rainfall in the next 24 hours or whether the real-time rainfall exceeds the permeable road load, the maximum possible rainfall, real-time Rainfall and rainfall intensity are judged as follows: if the maximum possible rainfall>the maximum allowable rainfall on the permeable road, the rainfall in the next 24 hours will exceed the load on the permeable road;

If the maximum instantaneous rainfall intensity> the maximum allowable rainfall intensity of the permeable road, or the actual rainfall> the maximum allowable rainfall of the permeable road, then whether the real-time rainfall exceeds the load of the permeable road.
According to claim 5, a rainwater management method for a sponge city permeable pavement, characterized in that, when the maximum possible rainfall> the maximum allowable rainfall of the permeable road, the drainage valve (6) predicts the maximum possible rainfall Open 1 hour before the time node.
According to claim 5, a method for rain and flood management and management oriented to permeable roads in sponge cities, characterized in that N temperature and humidity sensors (8) are set to cover a certain road section, if any temperature and humidity sensor ( If the humidity detected in 8) is greater than or equal to the allowable humidity value of the permeable pavement, all drain valves (6) in the road section will be opened.