WO2020232817A1

WO2020232817A1 - Tool bit structure and cutting tool

Info

Publication number: WO2020232817A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/096580
Authority: WO
Inventors: 颜炳姜; 李伟秋
Original assignee: 汇专科技集团股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-05-22
Filing date: 2019-07-18
Publication date: 2020-11-26
Also published as: CN110064788A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining tools. Disclosed are a cutting tool and a tool bit structure thereof. The tool bit structure comprises a connection portion, and a cutting edge portion provided on a front end of the connection portion. The cutting edge portion comprises a cutting main body fixed on the front end of the connection portion, and two or more helical first cutting edges. An outer surface of the cutting main body is an arc surface protruding outwards. The first cutting edge is provided on the outer surface of the cutting main body. The first cutting edges are respectively located on two sides of an apex of the cutting main body. A first chip removal recess is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges. The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting main body to a top region thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting main body. The first cutting edge passes through the two sides of the cutting main body, and deviates from the apex of the cutting main body, thereby improving the wear resistance of the tool, and ensuring the stability of the profile tolerance and the surface roughness of a machined surface.

Description

Tool head structure and cutting tool

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining tools, in particular to a cutter head structure and a cutting tool including the cutter head structure.

Background technique

The traditional spherical milling cutter has a cutting edge at the top center point. When using a spherical milling cutter to mill a curved surface, the apex of the tool is usually squeezed or cut to remove the surface material of the workpiece, and the cutting edge at the apex of the tool is more concentrated Therefore, the wear at the apex of the tool is very large; this will lead to serious wear at the apex of the spherical milling cutter when a certain amount of workpiece is processed, so that the surface roughness and contour of the later processed workpiece are significantly worse than that at the beginning When the workpiece is processed in batches, the surface roughness and contour of the processed surface of each workpiece are unstable.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a cutting tool, which has little wear during the machining process and can improve the stability of the surface roughness and contour of the machined surface.

In order to achieve the above objective, the first aspect of the present invention provides a tool head structure for a cutting tool. The tool head structure includes a connecting portion and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion. The cutting edge portion includes a fixed The cutting body at the front end of the connecting portion and two or more spiral-shaped first cutting edges, the outer surface of the cutting body is an outwardly convex arc surface, and the first cutting edge is provided on the The outer surface of the cutting body, and each of the first cutting edges is located on both sides of the apex of the cutting body, and a first chip flute is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges;

The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to the top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body.

As a preferred solution, the outer surface of the cutting body is a hemispherical surface.

As a preferred solution, the material of the cutting edge portion is any one of polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramic and cemented carbide.

As a preferred solution, both ends of the first cutting edge are provided on the outer surface of the cutting body or both extend to the outer surface of the connecting portion.

As a preferred solution, the helix angle of the first cutting edge is 1° to 80°.

As a preferred solution, the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the blade width of the first cutting edge is 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the groove depth of the first cutting groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

As a preferred solution, the distance between two adjacent first cutting edges is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

As a preferred solution, the first cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.

As a preferred solution, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge is left-handed or right-handed.

As a preferred solution, the direction of rotation of the first cutting edge is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge.

As a preferred solution, the first cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

As a preferred solution, the outer surface of the cutting body is further provided with a plurality of spiral-shaped second cutting edges, and each of the second cutting edges is respectively arranged on the outer side of the two first cutting edges located at the outermost side. A second chip flute is defined between two adjacent second cutting edges and between the first cutting edge and the second cutting edge adjacent thereto;

The rotation direction of the second cutting edge is the same as the rotation direction of the first cutting edge.

As a preferred solution, the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the edge width of the second cutting edge is 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the groove depth of the second cutting groove is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.

As a preferred solution, the second cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60°-30°.

As a preferred solution, one end of the second cutting edge is connected to the first cutting edge, and the other end of the second cutting edge is disposed on the outer surface of the cutting body or extends to the outer surface of the connecting portion.

As a preferred solution, the second cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.

As a preferred solution, the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are integrally formed, and the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are made of the same material.

For the same purpose, the second aspect of the present invention provides a cutting tool, which includes a tool shank and the tool head structure according to any one of the first aspects mounted on the front end of the tool shank, and the rear of the connecting part The end surface is fixedly connected with the front end surface of the tool handle.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the cutting tool of the embodiment of the present invention, the tool head structure includes a connecting portion for connecting with the tool shank and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion. The cutting edge portion includes a cutting body and vertices respectively provided on the outer surface of the cutting body At least two first cutting edges on both sides, the outer surface of the cutting body is an outwardly convex arc, the first cutting edge is spiral, and the first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to The top area then extends to the other side of the cutting body, thereby forming a cutting edge penetrating the opposite sides of the cutting body;

In the present invention, during the milling process, the cutting force is mainly provided by the first cutting edges located on both sides of the apex of the cutting body, and since the first cutting edge passes through the top area of the cutting body and deviates from the apex, there is no cutting at the apex of the cutting body The blade passes through, so the wear of the first cutting edge is small during the milling process, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the cutting tool, so that the surface roughness of the processed workpiece is stable, and the profile of the processed workpiece is not much different.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head structure in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 1;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head structure in the second embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting tool in an embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 100, cutter head structure;

10. Connecting part; 20, cutting edge portion; 21, cutting body; 22, first cutting edge; 23, first chip flute; 24, second cutting edge; 25, second chip flute;

200. Tool handle.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but not to limit the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the drawings shown The orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the present invention to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, “first” information may also be referred to as “second” information, and similarly, “second” information may also be referred to as “first” information.

In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front" and "rear" refer to the end of the cutting tool that is close to the workpiece during use as "front" and the end away from the workpiece as " Rear".

The first aspect of the present invention provides a cutter head structure 100 for cutting tools. The specific implementation of the cutter head structure 100 is as follows:

Example one

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a cutter head structure 100 for cutting tools, which includes a connecting portion 10 and a cutting edge portion 20 provided at the front end of the connecting portion 10. The cutting edge portion 20 includes a cutting body 21 fixed at the front end of the connecting portion 10 and two or more spiral-shaped first cutting edges 22. The outer surface of the cutting body 21 is a convex arc surface. The first cutting edges 22 are provided on the outer surface of the cutting body 21, and each of the first cutting edges 22 are respectively located on both sides of the apex of the cutting body 21, one of two adjacent first cutting edges 22 A first chip flute 23 is defined between;

The first cutting edge 22 extends from one side of the cutting body 21 to the top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body 21.

Based on the above technical solution, this embodiment provides a cutter head structure 100 for cutting tools. The cutter head structure 100 is mainly used for milling and shaping the curved surfaces of graphite workpieces, especially graphite molds. The cutter head structure 100 rotates to drive each A cutting edge 22 rotates. Since the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is an outwardly convex arc surface, the curved surface is milled on the workpiece by the tangent method. While the first cutting edge 22 rotates, the cutting body 21 drives it to move orbit. , Complete the milling of the entire surface.

Similarly, the cutter head structure 100 in this embodiment is also suitable for processing workpieces of materials such as glass and sapphire.

In this embodiment, during the milling process, the cutting force is mainly provided by the first cutting edges 22 located on both sides of the apex of the cutting body 21, which can improve the surface roughness of the machined surface; importantly, since the first cutting edge 22 is cut The top area of the main body 21 is deviated from the apex, and no cutting edge passes at the apex of the cutting main body 21. Therefore, the first cutting edge 22 wears less during the milling process, which greatly improves the wear resistance of the cutting tool, so that the machined The surface roughness of the workpiece is stable, and the contour of the finished workpiece is not much different.

Preferably, in this embodiment, further, when using a milling cutter to mill a curved surface, the stress point is mainly concentrated on the top area of the cutting body 21, in order to prevent the tool from chattering during the milling process, and to ensure that the surface of the curved surface is processed Roughness, the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is a hemispherical surface.

Illustratively, in order to maintain the cutting stability of the tool, each of the first cutting edges 22 is arranged in parallel.

When using the tool to mill a curved surface, the cutting force is mainly concentrated on the top area of the tool. Preferably, in this embodiment, two first cutting edges 22 are provided on the outer surface of the cutting body 21, and the two first cutting edges 22 are located respectively Both sides of the apex of the main body 21 are cut, and the two first cutting edges 22 are arranged in parallel. The two first cutting edges 22 provided can complete the curved surface milling and ensure the surface roughness of the machined surface of the workpiece.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the overall material of the cutting edge portion 20 of the cutter head structure 100 is polycrystalline diamond. Compared with the traditional coated milling cutter, the integrated polycrystalline diamond structure greatly increases the cutting edge Wear resistance, and there is no easy peeling of the coating, which greatly prolongs the service life of the tool and reduces the number of tool changes during processing; and because of the high hardness and good wear resistance of polycrystalline diamond, it can effectively improve the tool The processing precision and processing efficiency.

As an alternative, the material of the cutting edge portion 20 can also be any one of single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramics and cemented carbide, which can also achieve the effect of wear resistance. .

In this embodiment, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 extend to the outer surface of the connecting portion 10, and the processing range is relatively large; for example, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 can be extended to the connection At the edge of the rear end face of the part 10.

Referring to FIG. 3, the helix angle α of the first cutting edge 22 is 1°～80°. Appropriately increasing the helix angle of the first cutting edge 22 can reduce the cutting force of the tool during the machining process, and the tool is resistant to Strong impact, prevent tool vibration, and ensure better surface processing quality, prolong the service life of cutting tools; based on the above-mentioned spiral angle, the strength, sharpness, cutting force and chip removal of the first cutting edge 22 The speed is very ideal.

As shown in Figure 3, the distance between the two side surfaces of the first cutting edge 22 is defined as the edge width L of the first cutting edge 22, wherein the diameter D of the cutting body 21 is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, and the The width of a cutting edge 22 is 0.01 to 0.3 mm.

Further, in order to avoid cutting chips remaining on the surface of the processed work piece and causing repeated extrusion, the groove depth of the first cutting groove 23 is 0.02mm～0.5mm, and the chips after extrusion or cutting can be discharged from the first chip discharge groove 23 , Can improve the surface roughness.

In this embodiment, preferably, the distance between two adjacent first cutting edges 22 is 0.02 mm˜0.5 mm, which can meet the processing requirements and ensure the smooth discharge of cutting chips.

Referring to FIG. 2, when viewed along the AA cross-sectional view of the first cutting edge 22, the included angle between the side surface of the first cutting edge 22 with the cutting edge and the normal of the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is the rake angle β. The rake angle of the first cutting edge 22 is set in the range of -60°～30°. Because the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 22 has a rake angle, the tool is sharp and the extrusion wear is small, which can further improve the profile and surface of the workpiece. Stability of roughness.

In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge 22 is right-handed, and the outflow direction of cutting chips can be changed by changing the rotation direction.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the rotation direction of the first cutting edge 22 is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge 22 is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge 22.

In this embodiment, the first cutting edge 22 and the cutting body 21 are integrally formed, so that a larger number of first cutting edges 22 can be machined on a smaller cutting body 21, making the forming easier and more feasible. Ensure the wear resistance of cutting tools and extend the service life.

In this embodiment, in order to further improve the wear resistance of the cutter head structure 100, to prolong the service life, and at the same time to improve the chip removal ability, the outer surface of the cutting body 21 is also provided with a number of spiral second cutting edges 24, Each of the second cutting edges 24 is respectively disposed on the outer side of the two first cutting edges 22 located on the outermost side, between two adjacent second cutting edges 24, and the first cutting edge 22 and A second chip flute 25 is defined between the second cutting edge 24 adjacent thereto; the rotation direction of the second cutting edge 24 is the same as the rotation direction of the first cutting edge 22. Since the second cutting edge 24 is provided, multiple edges can be used to participate in extrusion grinding to reduce the degree of tool wear, and the rotation direction of the second cutting edge 24 and the first cutting edge 22 are kept consistent, so that the chip removal direction is consistent, which is beneficial to smooth Chip removal can improve the surface roughness of the processed workpiece.

Specifically, one end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the second cutting edge 24 is alternately connected to the first cutting edge 22, which can effectively ensure the contour of the machined surface; and The other end of the cutting edge 24 extends to the outer surface of the connecting portion 10, and the processing range is relatively large.

Specifically, the diameter of the cutting body 21 is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the blade width of the second cutting edge 24 is 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the groove depth of the second cutting groove 25 is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm. A larger number of second cutting edges 24 are machined on the cutting body 21, thereby improving the surface roughness of the machined surface.

Similarly, referring to the above description of the rake angle β of the first cutting edge 22, the second cutting edge 24 is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30° to ensure the cutting ability and improve the surface roughness.

In order to facilitate the molding, and to ensure the wear resistance and service life of the cutting tool, the second cutting edge 24 and the cutting body 21 are integrally formed, and multiple second cutting edges 24 can be designed according to usage requirements.

Further, the cutting edge portion 20 and the connecting portion 10 are integrally formed, which can be easily formed, and the cutting edge portion 20 and the connecting portion 10 are made of the same material.

Example two

Specifically referring to FIG. 4, this embodiment provides another cutter head structure 100. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is only that: both ends of the first cutting edge 22 are provided on the cutting body 21 One end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the other end of the second cutting edge 24 is provided on the outer surface of the first cutting body 21.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment, both ends of the first cutting edge 22 are provided at the connection between the cutting body 21 and the connecting portion 10; one end of the second cutting edge 24 is connected to the first cutting edge 22, and the second cutting edge The other end of the 24 is provided at the connection between the cutting body 21 and the connecting portion 10.

For the same purpose, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting tool. For details, please refer to FIG. 5. The cutting tool includes a tool shank 200 and a tool shank 200 mounted on the front end of the tool shank 200 as in the first aspect. In the cutter head structure 100 in any embodiment, the rear end surface of the connecting portion 10 is fixedly connected to the front end surface of the cutter handle 200.

Since the cutting tool of the present invention includes the cutter head structure 100 as described in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect, it has all the beneficial effects of the cutter head structure 100 and will not be described here.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a cutter head structure and a cutting tool including the cutter head structure. The cutter head structure includes a connecting portion for connecting with the tool shank and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion. The portion includes a cutting body and at least two first cutting edges respectively provided on both sides of the apex of the outer surface of the cutting body. The outer surface of the cutting body is a convex arc surface, the first cutting edge is spiral, and the The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to its top area and then to the other side of the cutting body; in the present invention, in the milling process, the cutting force is mainly located on both sides of the apex of the cutting body The first cutting edge is provided, and because the first cutting edge passes through the top area of the cutting body and deviates from the apex, there is no cutting edge at the apex of the cutting body, so the wear of the first cutting edge is small during the milling process, which greatly improves The wear resistance of the cutting tool makes the surface roughness of the processed workpiece stable, and the profile of the processed workpiece is not much different.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, several improvements and substitutions can be made. These improvements and substitutions It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A cutter head structure, characterized in that it comprises a connecting portion and a cutting edge portion provided at the front end of the connecting portion, the cutting edge portion includes a cutting body fixed at the front end of the connecting portion and two or more Spiral first cutting edge, the outer surface of the cutting body is an outwardly convex arc surface, the first cutting edge is provided on the outer surface of the cutting body, and each of the first cutting edges is located respectively On both sides of the apex of the cutting body, a first chip flute is defined between two adjacent first cutting edges;

The first cutting edge extends from one side of the cutting body to the top area thereof, and then extends to the other side of the cutting body.
The cutter head structure according to claim 1, wherein the outer surface of the cutting body is a hemispherical surface.
The tool head structure according to claim 1, wherein each of the first cutting edges is arranged in parallel.
The cutter head structure of claim 1, wherein the material of the cutting edge portion is polycrystalline diamond, single crystal diamond, chemical vapor deposition diamond, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, ceramics and cemented carbide. Any kind.
The tool bit structure according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the first cutting edge are provided on the outer surface of the cutting body or both extend to the outer surface of the connecting portion.
The cutter head structure according to claim 1, wherein the helix angle of the first cutting edge is 1° to 80°.
The cutter head structure according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the first cutting edge is 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the groove of the first cutting groove The depth is 0.02mm～0.5mm.
8. The cutter head structure according to claim 7, wherein the distance between two adjacent first cutting edges is 0.02 mm to 0.5 mm.
The cutter head structure according to claim 1, wherein the first cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.
The cutter head structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotation direction of the first cutting edge is left-handed or right-handed.
The cutter head structure according to claim 11, wherein the rotation direction of the first cutting edge is right-handed, and the cutting edge of the first cutting edge is arranged on the right side of the first cutting edge.
The tool head structure according to claim 1, wherein the first cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.
The cutter head structure according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein the outer surface of the cutting body is further provided with a plurality of spiral-shaped second cutting edges, and each of the second cutting edges is respectively arranged at The outer sides of the two first cutting edges located on the outermost side, between two adjacent second cutting edges, and between the first cutting edge and the adjacent second cutting edge are defined There is a second chip flute;

The rotation direction of the second cutting edge is the same as the rotation direction of the first cutting edge.
The cutter head structure of claim 13, wherein one end of the second cutting edge is connected to the first cutting edge, and the other end of the second cutting edge is disposed on the outer surface of the cutting body Or extend to the outer surface of the connecting portion.
The cutter head structure according to claim 13, wherein the diameter of the cutting body is 0.5 mm to 32 mm, the width of the second cutting edge is 0.01 to 0.3 mm, and the groove of the second cutting groove The depth is 0.02mm～0.5mm.
The cutter head structure according to claim 13, wherein the second cutting edge is provided with a rake angle of -60° to 30°.
The cutter head structure according to claim 13, wherein the second cutting edge and the cutting body are integrally formed.
The tool bit structure according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are integrally formed, and the cutting edge portion and the connecting portion are made of the same material.
A cutting tool, characterized in that it comprises a tool shank portion and the tool head structure according to any one of claims 1-18 mounted on the front end of the tool shank portion, and the rear end surface of the connecting portion is connected to the The front face of the tool shank is fixedly connected.