WO2020228782A1 - 一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统 - Google Patents

一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020228782A1
WO2020228782A1 PCT/CN2020/090270 CN2020090270W WO2020228782A1 WO 2020228782 A1 WO2020228782 A1 WO 2020228782A1 CN 2020090270 W CN2020090270 W CN 2020090270W WO 2020228782 A1 WO2020228782 A1 WO 2020228782A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
cell group
battery cell
temperature
smart
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PCT/CN2020/090270
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦威
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深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020228782A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020228782A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery balancing technology, and in particular to a battery balancing control method, device, and battery balancing control system.
  • the consistency of battery cells is one of the biggest obstacles restricting the application of multiple strings of lithium batteries. Inconsistent battery cells will deteriorate with the increase of the number of cycles, and even lead to safety accidents in severe cases. During production, the battery cells are usually matched to each other. However, due to temperature differences and other reasons, the consistency of the battery cells will become worse and worse during use.
  • a commonly used solution is to design an equalization circuit inside the battery, through the equalization circuit to control each battery cell to be equalized when inconsistent; another solution is to charge an external equalization method
  • the battery is balanced in the charger. It is generally through real-time monitoring of the cell voltage of each cell, and then external balancing. Among them, each cell leads to the port will have a length of line. Sometimes there will be a pressure drop.
  • the related technology has at least the following problems: the space and weight of the battery will be increased when the battery is balanced; the accuracy of the voltage read by the conventional external balancing method of charging is limited by the cell to the port The voltage drop caused by the cell balance result is not accurate enough.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a battery balance control method, device and balance control system to solve the technical problems of increased battery space and weight and insufficient accuracy of battery cell balance when the related technology realizes battery balance.
  • a battery balance control method for a battery balance control device the battery balance control device is in communication connection with a smart battery of a drone, and is characterized in that the method includes:
  • the state information of the battery cell group in the smart battery is acquired through the control chip in the smart battery, wherein the control chip is communicatively connected with the battery balancing control device, and the state information of the battery cell group includes the battery The temperature of the core group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group;
  • the battery balance control device balances the smart battery.
  • the acquiring state information of the battery cell group in the smart battery through the control chip in the smart battery includes:
  • the voltage difference of two adjacent cells in the cell group is obtained.
  • the acquiring state information of the battery cell group in the smart battery through the control chip in the smart battery includes:
  • the balance condition includes that the temperature of the battery cell group is within a preset temperature range and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is greater than a preset balance threshold, then:
  • the balancing of the smart battery by the battery balancing control device includes:
  • the battery equalization control device includes a microprocessor and an equalization circuit electrically connected to the microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor is communicatively connected to the control chip, and the equalization circuit is connected to the battery. If the core group is electrically connected, the method also includes:
  • the battery equalization control device stops discharging the battery pack.
  • the discharge stop condition includes that the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds a preset value, or the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is not greater than the equalization threshold.
  • the method further includes:
  • the performing a heat dissipation operation on the equalization circuit includes:
  • the heat dissipation operation is performed on the equalization circuit through the heat dissipation device.
  • the heat dissipation device includes at least one of a fan, a heat sink, and a water cooling pipe.
  • the method further includes:
  • the equilibrium state information of the smart battery is displayed to the user, wherein the equilibrium state information includes at least one of the voltage of the battery cell group, the temperature of the battery cell group, and the temperature of the equalization circuit.
  • a battery balancing control device comprising: a microprocessor, which is communicatively connected with a control chip in a drone smart battery; and
  • An equalization circuit one end of the equalization circuit is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the other end is electrically connected to the battery cell group in the smart battery;
  • the microprocessor is used for:
  • the state information of the battery cell group in the smart battery is acquired through the control chip in the smart battery, wherein the control chip is communicatively connected with the battery balancing control device, and the state information of the battery cell group includes the battery The temperature of the core group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group;
  • microprocessor is specifically used for:
  • the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is calculated.
  • microprocessor is specifically used for:
  • control chip Through the control chip, the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group are obtained, wherein the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is determined by The control chip is calculated.
  • the balance condition includes that the temperature of the battery cell group is within a preset temperature range and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is greater than a preset balance threshold, then:
  • the microprocessor is used to control the equalization circuit to discharge the battery cell with the higher voltage among the two adjacent battery cells.
  • the device further includes a temperature detection device, the temperature detection device is electrically connected to the microprocessor, the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the equalization circuit, and the microprocessor is also used for :
  • control the equalizing circuit to stop the discharging operation of the battery cell group.
  • the discharge stop condition includes that the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds a preset value, or the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is not greater than the equalization threshold.
  • the device further includes a heat dissipation device for performing a heat dissipation operation on the equalization circuit, the heat dissipation device is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and when the temperature detection device detects that the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds When the preset value is set, the microprocessor controls the heat dissipation device to perform a heat dissipation operation on the equalization circuit.
  • the heat dissipation device includes at least one of a fan, a heat sink, and a water cooling pipe.
  • the device further includes a display screen, the display screen is electrically connected to the microprocessor, and the display screen is used to display the balance device information of the smart battery to the user, wherein the balance state information includes At least one of the voltage of the battery cell group, the temperature of the battery cell group, and the temperature of the equalization circuit.
  • an equalization control system including:
  • the smart battery is provided in the drone and used to power the drone, the smart battery includes a control chip and a battery pack electrically connected to the control chip;
  • a power source electrically connected to the smart battery, for charging the smart battery
  • the battery balance control device is arranged close to the power source and is electrically connected to the power source.
  • the battery cell temperature is obtained. Voltage, obtain the voltage difference of each battery cell according to the voltage of each battery cell, and then judge whether the battery needs to be balanced at present according to the voltage difference of each battery cell, and if it needs to be balanced, discharge the battery cells operating.
  • this embodiment does not need to be equalized inside the battery, and can directly obtain the voltage of the battery cell inside the battery, avoiding the voltage drop problem, this embodiment not only saves battery space and weight, but also avoids the battery cell to The voltage drop of the port thus improves the voltage balance accuracy of the battery cells.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery balancing control system provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an unmanned aerial vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an equalization circuit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for controlling battery balance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an equalization control system, which is used to perform equalization control on the intelligent battery of the drone during charging.
  • the so-called equalization control refers to making multiple cells in the battery pack in the intelligent battery equalize.
  • the voltage deviation of the body cell is kept within the expected range, so as to ensure that each single cell is not damaged in normal use, thereby extending the life of the cell group in the smart battery.
  • the drone is a quadrotor drone. Referring to Fig. 2, the drone 1000 includes a fuselage 200, four arms 300 extending from the fuselage 200, a power component 400 respectively installed on each arm 300, and a smart battery ( Not shown in the figure).
  • the UAV 1000 shown in the figure is a four-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle, and the number of power components 400 is four.
  • the drone 1000 may be any other suitable type of unmanned aerial vehicle, such as a fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the power assembly 400 is applied to other types of unmanned aerial vehicles, the number of the power assembly 400 can be changed according to actual needs, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the drone 1000 may also include a pan/tilt (not shown), the pan/tilt is installed at the bottom of the fuselage 200, and the pan/tilt is used to carry a high-definition digital camera or other camera device to eliminate high-definition digital
  • the disturbance of the camera or other imaging devices ensures the clarity and stability of the video captured by the camera or other imaging devices.
  • the arm 300 and the body 200 are fixedly connected.
  • the arm 300 and the body 200 are integrally formed.
  • the arm 300 may also be connected to the body 200 in a manner that can be expanded or folded relative to the body 200.
  • the arm 300 may be connected to the main body 200 through a rotating shaft mechanism, so that the arm 300 can be expanded or folded relative to the main body 200.
  • the power assembly 400 includes a driving device 40 and a propeller assembly 80 driven by the driving device 40.
  • the propeller assembly 80 is installed on the output shaft of the driving device 40.
  • the propeller assembly 80 is driven by the driving device 40. Rotate downward to generate the lift or thrust that makes the drone 1000 fly.
  • the driving device 40 may be any suitable type of motor, such as a brush motor, a brushless motor, a DC motor, a stepping motor, an AC induction motor, and so on.
  • the smart battery provides power for the drone, and the driving device 40 drives the propeller assembly 80 to rotate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an equalization control system 100 in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the balance control system 100 includes a power supply 10, a smart battery 20 of the drone, and a battery balance control device 30.
  • the power supply 10 is used to charge the smart battery 20 of the drone 1000, and the power supply 10 is located outside the drone 1000 (see FIG. 2 for the drone 1000), and can be connected to the battery through the main charging circuit.
  • the human-machine smart battery 20 and the battery balancing control device 30 are communicatively connected between the smart battery 20 and the battery balancing control device 30 so that the battery balancing control device 30 can learn the state information of the smart battery 20 in real time.
  • the power supply 10 may specifically be a charger or other direct current power supply.
  • the power supply 10 is used to provide the smart battery 20 with the required charging voltage and current.
  • the smart battery 20 is located on the fuselage of the drone 1000 and is used to power the drone 1000.
  • the smart battery 20 includes a control chip and a battery cell group electrically connected to the control chip, and the battery cell group is composed of a plurality of single cells.
  • the control chip may communicate with the battery balancing control device 30 based on a preset communication protocol, and may send the state information of the battery cell group to the battery balancing control device 30, where the state information of the battery cell group includes battery cells. Group's internal temperature, charging status, safety status, and the voltage of each cell or the voltage difference between two adjacent cells.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 includes a microprocessor 31 communicatively connected to the control chip of the smart battery 20 and an equalization circuit 32 electrically connected to the microprocessor 31.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 may be integrated into the power source 10 or independently arranged at a position close to the power source 10.
  • the battery balance control device 30 is used to perform balance control on the battery 20 of the drone.
  • the microprocessor 31 in the battery balancing control device 30 directly communicates with the control chip in the smart battery 20 to avoid the problem that the traditional balancing circuit has low accuracy when detecting the cell voltage. Since the traditional equalization circuit detects the cell voltage, there will be a section of wire length from each battery cell to the port, and there will be a voltage drop at both ends of the line length.
  • the equalization circuit is connected to the end of the line, and the reading contains The voltage data of the voltage drop, not the actual voltage data of the cell.
  • the microprocessor 31 may specifically be a CPU or the like.
  • the microprocessor 31 is connected to the power source 10, and the power source 10 supplies power to the microprocessor 31.
  • the microprocessor 31 communicates with the smart battery 20 based on a preset communication protocol, where the preset communication protocol includes I2C, serial port, HDQ, CAN, etc.
  • the microprocessor 31 can obtain the state information of the smart battery 20 communicatively.
  • the status information includes data such as the power, safety status, charging status of the smart battery 20, the temperature of the internal battery cell group, and the voltage of each battery cell in the battery cell group or the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells.
  • the microprocessor 31 is electrically connected to the equalization circuit 32, and the microprocessor 31 is used to control the equalization circuit 32 to equalize the smart battery 20.
  • the microprocessor 31 first determines whether the smart battery 20 is in a charging mode. When the microprocessor 31 determines that the smart battery 20 is in the charging mode, it will further obtain the state information of the battery cell group inside the smart battery 20.
  • the state information of the battery cell group includes the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group. Then, according to the state information of the battery cell group, it is determined whether the smart battery 20 meets the equalization condition. If the smart battery 20 meets the equalization condition at this time, the microprocessor 31 controls the equalization circuit 32 to balance the smart battery 20.
  • the equilibrium condition is that the temperature of the battery cell group is within a preset temperature range, and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is greater than a preset equilibrium threshold.
  • the preset temperature range refers to a temperature range that meets the normal operation of the battery cell, and the temperature range can be customized according to specific application scenarios.
  • the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells refers to the difference between the voltages of two adjacent battery cells, which can be obtained by performing a difference calculation on the voltages of two adjacent battery cells.
  • the voltage difference between two adjacent cells in the battery cell group can be obtained by the control chip of the smart battery 20 by first obtaining the voltage of each cell, and then calculating the voltage difference between the two adjacent cells Value, and then sent to the microprocessor 31.
  • the control chip of the smart battery 20 may first obtain the voltage of each battery cell in the battery cell group, and then send the voltage to the microprocessor 31, and the microprocessor 31 will use the The voltage of each cell in the cell group is calculated to obtain the voltage difference between two adjacent cells in the cell group.
  • the equalization threshold refers to a voltage equalization threshold.
  • the voltage equalization threshold is used to measure whether the battery cell of the smart battery 20 needs to be discharged.
  • the voltage equalization threshold is The specific value can be determined according to the relevant parameters of the smart battery 20 and the current application environment.
  • the two processes of obtaining the temperature of the battery cell and obtaining the voltage of the battery cell can be performed at the same time, or the voltage of the battery cell is obtained first, and then the temperature of the battery cell is obtained. Limit the execution order of these two steps.
  • the microprocessor 31 sends a signal to the equalization circuit 32 to control the equalization circuit 32 to balance the cells of the smart battery 20.
  • the equalizing operation includes discharging the battery cell with the higher voltage among the two adjacent battery cells.
  • the equalization circuit 32 discharges the cells of the smart battery 20, it may specifically discharge a battery cell with a higher voltage among two adjacent battery cells, or perform a discharge operation on any two adjacent battery cells.
  • the multi-segment battery cell with higher voltage in the core performs discharge operation. Through the discharging operation, it is ensured that the voltage of the battery cell of the smart battery 20 tends to be consistent.
  • the equalization circuit 32 mainly uses resistance heating to release excess power when discharging the cells. Of course, other methods can also be used to release excess power in specific applications.
  • the microprocessor 31 After the discharge operation starts, the microprocessor 31 will periodically read the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 and obtain the voltage difference between two adjacent cells in the cell group of the smart battery 20. When at least one of the two meets the discharge stop condition, the microprocessor 31 controls the equalization circuit 32 to stop the discharge operation of the battery cell group.
  • the discharge stop condition includes that the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 exceeds a preset temperature threshold, or the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells is not greater than (ie, less than or equal to) so The equilibrium threshold.
  • the microprocessor 31 before determining whether the smart battery 20 is in the charging mode, the microprocessor 31 will also read the safety status of the smart battery 20, that is, the microprocessor 31 will first determine the smart battery 20. Whether the battery 20 has a safety alarm, if there is no safety alarm, read whether the smart battery 20 is in a charging state. Thus, the safety status of the smart battery 20 can be discovered in time, the safety of the smart battery 20 is improved, and unnecessary battery balancing operations are avoided.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 further includes a temperature detection device 34 connected to the microprocessor 31 and the equalization circuit 32.
  • the temperature detection device 34 is used to obtain the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 and send the temperature to the microprocessor 31.
  • the temperature detection device 34 may obtain the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 periodically.
  • the microprocessor 31 controls the equalization circuit 32 to stop Discharge operation of the cells of the smart battery 20.
  • the two periods can be defined the same, and the temperature and voltage difference can be collected at the same time.
  • the period can be based on Customize the specific application environment.
  • obtaining the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 and obtaining the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells may also be non-periodical or asynchronous.
  • the equalization circuit 32 uses a resistor to generate heat to release excess power when discharging the smart battery 20, a high amount of heat is generated at this time, so it is necessary for the equalization circuit 32
  • the temperature is monitored to prevent accidents when the temperature exceeds the warning temperature.
  • the temperature threshold is the warning temperature, and the temperature threshold can be set according to the relevant characteristic parameters of the equalization circuit 32. In this embodiment, by monitoring the temperature of the equalization circuit 32, when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature threshold, the discharging operation of the smart battery 20 is stopped in time, thereby improving the safety of the smart battery 20.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 further includes a heat dissipation device 35, and the heat dissipation device 35 is connected to the microprocessor 31 and the equalization circuit 32.
  • the heat dissipation device 35 is configured to perform a heat dissipation operation on the equalization circuit 32 through a preset temperature control method.
  • the heat dissipation device 35 may specifically be one or more of a fan, a heat sink, and a water-cooled heat dissipation device.
  • the temperature of the equalization circuit 32 is cooled by the heat dissipating device 35 to ensure the continuous operation of the equalization circuit 32 and improve the stability of the battery equalization control device 30 and the safety of the smart battery 20.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 further includes a display screen 36 connected to the microprocessor 31, the equalization circuit 32, and the temperature detection device 34.
  • the display screen 36 is used to display the equilibrium state information of the smart battery 20, and the equilibrium state information includes the voltage and temperature of the battery cell, the temperature of the equalization circuit, and the like. Through the display screen 36, it is convenient for the user to view the equilibrium state of the battery 20 and grasp relevant information of the battery 20 in time.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 may further include an early warning device (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the microprocessor 31, and the temperature of the balance circuit 32 exceeds all levels.
  • an early warning device (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the microprocessor 31, and the temperature of the balance circuit 32 exceeds all levels.
  • the preset temperature threshold or when the smart battery 20 is not in a charging state, the early warning device can be used to give an early warning.
  • the battery balancing control device 30 further includes a communication isolation protection module 33, and the communication isolation protection module 33 is connected to the microprocessor 31 and the smart battery 20.
  • the communication isolation protection module 33 is used to protect the communication link between the battery balance control device 30 and the smart battery 20.
  • the battery balance control device 30 is connected to the smart battery 20 through the communication isolation protection module 33, and when the battery balance control device 30 communicates with the smart battery 20, the communication The isolation protection module 33 protects the communication between the two to ensure that the communication between the battery balance control device 30 and the smart battery 20 can proceed smoothly.
  • the communication isolation protection module 33 may specifically be an isolation circuit composed of isolation chips such as ISO1540 and ADuM1200, or may be an electrostatic protection device such as ESD.
  • the battery balance control device 30 balances the smart battery 20 during the charging process.
  • the battery balance control device 30 may be an independent device as shown in FIG. 2, or may be integrated Into the power supply 10, or separately exist in any suitable location, used for balancing the intelligent battery 20 of the drone, and there is no limitation here.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 uses the microprocessor 31 to determine the state information of the battery cell group of the smart battery 20, that is, the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells. When the temperature and the voltage difference of the battery cell both satisfy the equalization condition, the battery equalization control device 30 controls the equalization circuit 32 through the microprocessor 31 to equalize the smart battery 20.
  • This embodiment does not need to be balanced inside the battery to save battery space and weight, and can directly obtain the voltage of the internal cell of the battery, avoiding the voltage drop problem, and improving the accuracy of the voltage balance of the battery cell.
  • the temperature of the balance circuit 32 can also be monitored by the temperature detection device 34, which improves the stability of the battery balance control device 30 and the safety of the smart battery 20. Since the battery balance control device 30 is an external balance when balancing the smart battery 20 of the drone, and directly and intelligently communicates with the smart battery 20, a lot of wiring space can be saved, which can meet the needs of drones. Space and weight requirements.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an equalization circuit 32 provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the left part of the circuit composed of Q37 and Q45 and the right part of the circuit composed of Q41 and Q49 can be combined As two independent circuits, the circuit on the left is used to output PWM signals, and the circuit on the right can be used as a switching circuit.
  • the circuit in the left part realizes the discharging operation of the cells of the smart battery 20 according to the output level signal.
  • equalizing circuit 32 is not limited to FIG. 3, and certain components may be added or replaced to realize the function of the equalizing circuit 32.
  • the battery equalization control device 30 may also use other characteristic parameters (such as internal resistance, capacity, service life, temperature, etc.) To determine whether the smart battery 20 currently needs to be balanced, so that the battery's internal resistance, capacity, service life, temperature and other characteristic parameters tend to be consistent.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a battery balance control method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method is executed by the above battery balance control device. The method includes:
  • Step 101 Determine whether the smart battery is in a charging mode.
  • the smart battery is communicatively connected with a battery balancing control device that executes the method, and the battery balancing control device obtains the charging state of the smart battery from the smart battery.
  • the method may further include reading the security status of the smart battery to determine whether the smart battery has a security alarm. Security alarm, then read whether the smart battery is in the charging state. As a result, the safety status of the battery can be discovered in time, the safety of the battery can be improved, and unnecessary battery balancing operations can be avoided.
  • step 102 If yes, the method proceeds to step 102.
  • Step 102 Obtain state information of the battery cell group in the smart battery.
  • the status information includes the temperature of the battery cell group and the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group.
  • the battery cell group includes a plurality of battery cells.
  • the battery balance control device that executes the method can directly read the state information of the battery cell group inside the smart battery.
  • the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells refers to the difference between the voltages of two adjacent battery cells, which is obtained by performing a difference calculation on the voltages of two adjacent battery cells.
  • Step 103 Determine whether the smart battery satisfies the equilibrium condition according to the state information of the battery cell group.
  • the balance condition refers to that the temperature of the battery cell group is within a preset temperature range; and the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells is greater than a preset balance threshold.
  • the preset temperature range refers to a temperature range that conforms to the normal operation of the battery cell, and the temperature range can be customized according to specific application scenarios.
  • the equalization threshold refers to the voltage equalization threshold, and the specific value of the voltage equalization threshold can be determined according to the relevant parameters of the battery and the current application environment. It is determined whether the smart battery satisfies the equilibrium condition, that is, it is determined whether the temperature of the battery cell group is within a preset temperature range and the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells is greater than a preset equilibrium threshold.
  • the above two processes of obtaining the temperature of the battery cell group and obtaining the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells may be performed simultaneously, or first obtain the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells To obtain the temperature of the battery cell group, the execution sequence of these two steps is not limited here.
  • step 104 If yes, the method proceeds to step 104.
  • Step 104 Control the equalization circuit to discharge the cells of the smart battery.
  • the equalization circuit may specifically discharge the battery cell with a higher voltage among the two adjacent battery cells when discharging the battery cells of the smart battery, or perform the discharge operation on any two adjacent battery cells.
  • the multi-segment battery cell with higher voltage in the core performs discharge operation. Through the discharging operation, it is ensured that the voltage of the battery cell of the smart battery tends to be consistent.
  • the equalization circuit mainly uses resistance heating to release excess power when discharging the cells. Of course, other methods can also be used to release excess power in specific applications.
  • the method may further include:
  • Step 105 Obtain the temperature of the equalization circuit and the voltage difference between two adjacent cells in the smart battery.
  • the obtaining of the temperature of the equalization circuit and the voltage difference between the two adjacent battery cells may be periodic or aperiodic.
  • Step 106 Determine whether at least one of the temperature of the equalization circuit and the voltage difference between two adjacent cells in the cell group meets the discharge stop condition.
  • the discharge stop condition includes that the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds a preset value, or the voltage difference between two adjacent battery cells in the battery cell group is not greater than (ie, less than or equal to) the equalization threshold.
  • the temperature of the equalization circuit and the voltage difference of the two adjacent battery cells can be periodically obtained.
  • the period can be customized according to the specific application environment.
  • the two periods can be defined the same and collected at the same time Temperature and voltage difference. It can also be acquired aperiodically, acquired in real time, and periodically sent to the microprocessor, or in any other suitable periodic or aperiodic manner.
  • step 107 If yes, proceed to step 107.
  • Step 107 Stop discharging the cells of the smart battery.
  • the equalization circuit when the equalization circuit balances the smart battery, it specifically uses a resistor to generate heat to release excess power. At this time, a high amount of heat is generated. Therefore, it is necessary to control the temperature of the equalization circuit.
  • Monitoring to prevent accidents caused by the temperature exceeding the warning temperature wherein the temperature threshold is the warning temperature, and the temperature threshold can be set according to the relevant characteristic parameters of the equalization circuit. In this embodiment, by monitoring the temperature of the equalization circuit, when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature threshold, the equalization of the battery is stopped in time, thereby improving the safety of the battery.
  • the method when the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds a preset temperature threshold, the method further includes: performing a heat dissipation operation on the equalization circuit through a preset temperature control method.
  • the preset temperature control method includes a method of dissipating heat through a fan and a heat sink, and also includes a method of water cooling and the like.
  • the heat dissipation operation is performed on the equalization circuit through the preset temperature control method, so as to ensure the continuous operation of the equalization circuit, and improve the stability of the battery equalization control device and the safety of the smart battery.
  • the method further includes: displaying equilibrium state information of the smart battery, the equilibrium state information including but not limited to the voltage and temperature of the battery cell, and the temperature of the balancing circuit.
  • the method further includes: when the temperature of the equalization circuit exceeds the preset temperature threshold, or when the smart battery is not in a charging state, issuing a warning through a preset alarm method.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery equalization control method.
  • the method does not need to be equalized inside the battery, saves battery space and weight, and can directly obtain the voltage of the battery cell inside the battery, avoids the voltage drop problem, and improves the battery.
  • the voltage balance accuracy of the cell In addition, the method also improves the safety of the battery and the safety during battery balancing.
  • the battery equalization control device provided in the embodiments of the present invention can also be applied to other equipment, such as electric vehicles.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each implementation manner can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the method of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. When executed, it may include the processes of the above-mentioned method embodiments.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disc, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.

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Abstract

一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统，该方法包括：判断该智能电池是否为充电模式（101）；若是，通过该智能电池中的控制芯片获取该智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，根据该电芯组的状态信息，判断该智能电池是否满足均衡条件（103）；若是，则该电池均衡控制装置对该智能电池进行均衡，该电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统节省了电池空间和重量，并且提高了电池电芯的电压均衡精度。

Description

一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统
本申请要求于2019年5月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910399271.1、申请名称为“一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池均衡技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及电池均衡控制系统。
背景技术
目前电芯的一致性是制约多串锂电池应用的最大障碍之一，不一致的电芯会随着循环次数的增加越来越恶化，严重的时候甚至会导致安全事故。在生产的时候通常会将电芯匹配一致，然而使用过程中由于温度差异等原因会导致电芯的一致性越来越差。
为了避免电池的一致性变差，常用的一种解决方式是在电池内部设计均衡电路，通过均衡电路控制每一节电芯在不一致时能够均衡到一致；另一种解决方式是充电外部均衡方法，比如在充电的过程中在充电器里给电池均衡，一般是通过实时监测每一节的电芯电压，然后再做外部均衡，其中每一节电芯引出到端口会有一段线长，均衡时会有压降产生。
发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现相关技术至少存在以下问题：在电池内均衡时会增加电池的空间和重量；常规的充电外部均衡方式所读取的电压的精度受限于电芯到端口的压降，从而造成电芯的均衡结果不够精确。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种电池均衡控制方法、装置及均衡控制系统，以解决相关技术在实现电池均衡时存在电池空间和重量变大，以及电芯均衡结果不够精确的技术问题。
本发明实施例的一个方面，提供一种电池均衡控制方法，用于电池均衡控制装置，所述电池均衡控制装置与无人机的智能电池通信连接，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
确定所述智能电池处于充电状态；
通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，其中，所述控制芯片与所述电池均衡控制装置通信连接，所述电芯组的状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件；
若是，则所述电池均衡控制装置对所述智能电池进行均衡。
可选地，所述通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，包括：
通过所述智能电池的控制芯片获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压；
根据所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压，获取所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。
可选地，所述通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，包括：
通过所述智能电池的控制芯片获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，其中，所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差由所述控制芯片计算得到。
可选地，所述均衡条件包括所述电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内且所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值，则：
所述电池均衡控制装置对所述智能电池进行均衡包括：
对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作。
可选地，所述电池均衡控制装置包括微处理器和与所述微处理器电连接的均衡电路，其中，所述微处理器与所述控制芯片通信连接，所述均衡电路与所述电芯组电连接，则该方法还包括：
在所述放电操作过程中，获取所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
判断所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差中是否有至少一个满足放电停止条件；
若是，则所述电池均衡控制装置停止对所述电芯组的放电操作。
可选地，所述放电停止条件包括所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，或所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于所述均衡阈值。
可选地，该方法还包括：
在所述放电操作过程中，若所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，则：
对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
可选地，所述对所述均衡电路进行散热操作，包括：
通过散热装置对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
可选地，所述散热装置包括风扇、散热片和水冷管中的至少一种。
可选地，所述方法还包括：
向用户显示所述智能电池的均衡状态信息，其中，所述均衡状态信息包括所述电芯组的电压、所述电芯组的温度和所述均衡电路的温度中的至少一项。
本发明实施例的另一个方面，提供一种电池均衡控制装置，所述装置包括：微处理器，与无人机智能电池中的控制芯片通信连接；以及
均衡电路，所述均衡电路一端与所述微处理器电连接，另一端与所述智能 电池中的电芯组电连接；
所述微处理器用于：
确定所述智能电池处于充电状态；
通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，其中，所述控制芯片与所述电池均衡控制装置通信连接，所述电芯组的状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件；
若是，则控制所述均衡电路对所述智能电池进行均衡。
可选地，所述微处理器具体用于：
通过所述控制芯片，获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压；
根据所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压，计算所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。
可选地，所述微处理器具体用于：
通过所述控制芯片，获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，其中，所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差由所述控制芯片计算得到。
可选地，所述均衡条件包括所述电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内且所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值，则：
所述微处理器用于控制所述均衡电路对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作。
可选地，该装置还包括温度检测装置，所述温度检测装置与所述微处理器电连接，所述温度检测装置用于检测所述均衡电路的温度，则所述微处理器还用于：
在所述放电操作过程中，通过所述温度检测装置获取所述均衡电路的温度和通过所述控制芯片获取所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
判断所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差中是否有至少一个满足放电停止条件；
若是，则控制所述均衡电路停止对所述电芯组的放电操作。
可选地，所述放电停止条件包括所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，或所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于所述均衡阈值。
可选地，该装置还包括用于对所述均衡电路进行散热操作的散热装置，所述散热装置与所述微处理器电连接，当所述温度检测装置检测到所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值时，所述微处理器控制所述散热装置对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
可选地，所述散热装置包括风扇、散热片和水冷管中的至少一种。
可选地，该装置还包括显示屏，所述显示屏与所述微处理器电连接，所述显示屏用于向用户显示所述智能电池的均衡装置信息，其中，所述均衡状态信 息包括所述电芯组的电压、所述电芯组的温度和所述均衡电路的温度中的至少一项。
本发明实施例的又一个方面，提供一种均衡控制系统，包括：
智能电池，设于无人机，用于给所述无人机供电，所述智能电池包括控制芯片和与所述控制芯片电连接的电芯组；
电源，与所述智能电池电连接，用于给所述智能电池充电；以及
如以上各项中任一项所述的电池均衡控制装置，所述电池均衡控制装置靠近所述电源设置且与所述电源电连接。
在本发明实施例中，首先判断电池是否是充电模式，若是充电模式则获取电池内部电芯的温度，在所述电芯的温度在预设的温度范围内时，获取每一节电芯的电压，根据每一节电芯的电压得到每一节电芯的电压差，再根据每一节电芯的电压差判断当前是否需要进行电池均衡，若需要均衡，则对电池的电芯进行放电操作。由于该实施方式不需要在电池内部进行均衡，并且能够直接获取电池内部电芯的电压，避免了压降问题，因此，该实施方式，不仅节省了电池空间和重量，而且由于避免了电芯到端口的压降从而提高了电池电芯的电压均衡精度。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种电池均衡控制系统的示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种无人机的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种均衡电路的电路图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种电池均衡控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的是，如果不冲突，本发明实施例中的各个特征可以相互组合，均在本发明的保护范围之内。另外，虽然在装置示意图中进行了功能模块的划分，在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于装置示意图中的模块划分，或流程图中的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
本发明实施例提供了一种均衡控制系统，所述均衡控制系统用于对充电时的无人机的智能电池进行均衡控制，所谓的均衡控制是指使智能电池中的电芯组中多个单体电芯的电压偏差保持在预期的范围内，从而保证每个单体电芯正 常使用不发生损坏，从而延长智能电池中电芯组的寿命。在本发明的一实施例中，无人机为四旋翼无人机。请参阅图2，无人机1000包括机身200、四个自机身200延伸的机臂300、分别装设在每个机臂300上的动力组件400以及设于机身200的智能电池(图中未示出)。图示无人机1000为四旋翼无人飞行器，动力组件400的数量为四个。在其他可能的实施例中，无人机1000可以是其他任何合适类型的无人飞行器，例如固定翼无人机飞行器等。在动力组件400应用于其他类型无人飞行器的场合，动力组件400的数量可以根据实际需要改变，本发明对此不作限定。
在其他可能的实施例中，无人机1000还可以包括云台(图未示)，该云台安装于机身200的底部，云台用于搭载高清数码相机或其他摄像装置以消除高清数码相机或其他摄像装置受到的扰动，保证相机或其他摄像装置拍摄的视频的清晰稳定。
在发明的一实施例中，机臂300与机身200固定连接，优选地，机臂300与机身200一体成型。在其他可能的实施例中，机臂300还可以可相对于机身200展开或折叠的方式与机身200相连。例如，机臂300可以通过一转轴机构与机身200相连，以实现机臂300可相对于机身200展开或折叠。
在本发明的一实施例中，动力组件400包括驱动装置40和由驱动装置40驱动的螺旋桨组件80，螺旋桨组件80装设于驱动装置40的输出轴上，螺旋桨组件80在驱动装置40的驱动下旋转以产生使无人机1000飞行的升力或推力。驱动装置40可以是任何合适类型的电机，例如有刷电机、无刷电机、直流电机、步进电机、交流感应电机等。所述智能电池为无人机提供动力，驱动驱动装置40带动螺旋桨组件80旋转。
请参阅图1，图1示出了本发明一实施例中均衡控制系统100的结构示意图。所述均衡控制系统100包括电源10、无人机的智能电池20、以及电池均衡控制装置30。其中，电源10用于给所述无人机1000的智能电池20充电，所述电源10位于所述无人机1000的外部(无人机1000参见图2)，可以通过充电主回路分别连接无人机的智能电池20和电池均衡控制装置30，所述智能电池20与所述电池均衡控制装置30之间通信连接，以使得所述电池均衡控制装置30能够实时获知智能电池20的状态信息。
所述电源10具体可以是充电器或者其他直流电源等，所述电源10用于给所述智能电池20提供所需要的充电电压和电流。
所述智能电池20位于所述无人机1000的机身上，用于给无人机1000提供动力。所述智能电池20包括控制芯片和与控制芯片电连接的电芯组，所述电芯组由多个单体电芯组成。控制芯片可以基于预设的通信协议与所述电池均衡控制装置30通信，可以将所述电芯组的状态信息发送给所述电池均衡控制装置30，其中，电芯组的状态信息包括电芯组的内部温度、充电状态、安全状态，以及每一节电芯的电压或相邻两节电芯的电压差等数据。
所述电池均衡控制装置30包括与所述智能电池20的控制芯片通信连接的 微处理器31和与所述微处理器31电连接的均衡电路32。电池均衡控制装置30可以集成到所述电源10中或独立地设置在靠近所述电源10的位置。所述电池均衡控制装置30用于对无人机的电池20进行均衡控制。电池均衡控制装置30中的微处理器31与智能电池20中的控制芯片直接通信避免了传统的均衡电路在检测电芯电压时精度不高的问题。由于传统的均衡电路在检测电芯电压时，每一节电芯引出到端口会有一段线长，线长两端会有压降产生，均衡电路与线长端部连接，读取的是包含压降的电压数据，而不是电芯的实际电压数据。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述微处理器31具体可以是CPU等。所述微处理器31连接所述电源10，所述电源10为所述微处理器31供电。所述微处理器31基于预设的通信协议与所述智能电池20通信连接，其中，所述预设的通信协议包括I2C，串口，HDQ，CAN等。在本实施例中，所述微处理器31可以通信地获取所述智能电池20的状态信息。其中，状态信息包括所述智能电池20的电量，安全状态，充电状态，内部电芯组的温度以及电芯组中每一节电芯的电压或相邻两节电芯的电压差等数据。所述微处理器31与所述均衡电路32电性连接，所述微处理器31用于控制所述均衡电路32对所述智能电池20进行均衡。在充电时，所述微处理器31首先判断所述智能电池20是否为充电模式。当所述微处理器31确定智能电池20处于充电模式时，则会进一步获取所述智能电池20内部电芯组的状态信息。在本发明的一实施例中，所述电芯组的状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。然后，根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池20是否满足均衡条件，若此时智能电池20满足均衡条件，则微处理器31控制均衡电路32对智能电池20进行均衡。
在本发明的一实施例中，所述均衡条件为电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内，且所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值。其中，所述预设的温度范围指的是符合电芯正常工作的温度区间，所述温度范围可以根据具体的应用场景进行自定义。所述相邻两节电芯的电压差指的是相邻两节电芯的电压的差值，可以通过将相邻的两节电芯的电压进行差值运算得到。所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，可以由所述智能电池20的控制芯片通过先获取每一节电芯的电压，再计算得到相邻两节电芯的电压的差值，之后发送给所述微处理器31。也可以由所述智能电池20的控制芯片先得到所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压，再发送给所述微处理器31，由所述微处理器31根据所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压计算得到所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。在本发明的一实施例中，所述均衡阈值指的是电压均衡阈值，所述电压均衡阈值用于衡量当前是否需要对所述智能电池20的电芯进行放电操作，所述电压均衡阈值的具体数值可以根据智能电池20的相关参数以及当前的应用环境进行确定。需要说明的是，获取所述电芯的温度和获取所述电芯的电压的两个过程可以同时进行，或者，先获取所述电芯的电压再获取所述电芯的温度，在此不限 定这两个步骤的执行顺序。
当智能电池20满足上述均衡条件时，微处理器31向所述均衡电路32发送信号，以控制所述均衡电路32对所述智能电池20的电芯进行均衡。在本发明的一实施例中，所述均衡操作包括对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作。所述均衡电路32在对所述智能电池20的电芯进行放电操作时具体可以是对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的一节电芯进行放电操作，或者对任意相邻两节电芯中电压较高的多节电芯进行放电操作。通过所述放电操作，以保证所述智能电池20的电芯的电压趋于一致性。在本实施例中，所述均衡电路32在对电芯进行放电操作时，主要使用电阻发热的方式来释放多余的电量，当然，在具体应用中还可以采用其他方式来释放多余的电量。
在所述放电操作开始后，所述微处理器31会周期性地读取所述均衡电路32的温度和获取所述智能电池20的电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。当这二者中至少有一个满足放电停止条件时，微处理器31控制均衡电路32停止对电芯组的放电操作。在本发明的一实施例中，所述放电停止条件包括所述均衡电路32的温度超过预设温度阈值，或所述相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于(即，小于或者等于)所述均衡阈值。
在其他一些实施例中，在判断所述智能电池20是否为充电模式之前，所述微处理器31还会读取所述智能电池20的安全状态，即微处理器31会先判断所述智能电池20是否发生了安全报警，如果没有安全报警，则读取所述智能电池20是否是充电状态。由此，可以及时发现所述智能电池20的安全状态，提高所述智能电池20的安全性，并且避免了不必要的电池均衡操作。
所述电池均衡控制装置30还包括温度检测装置34，所述温度检测装置34连接所述微处理器31和所述均衡电路32。所述温度检测装置34用于获取所述均衡电路32的温度，并且将所述温度发送至所述微处理器31。所述温度检测装置34对所述均衡电路32的温度的获取可以是周期性的。当所述均衡电路32的温度超过预设温度阈值，或者所述相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于所述均衡阈值时，所述微处理器31控制所述均衡电路32停止对所述智能电池20的电芯的放电操作。其中，当周期性的获取所述均衡电路32的温度和周期性的获取相邻两节电芯的电压差时，两个周期可以定义相同，并且同时采集温度和电压差，所述周期可以根据具体应用环境进行自定义。当然，获取所述均衡电路32的温度和获取相邻两节电芯的电压差，也可以是非周期性的或不同步的。由于所述均衡电路32在对所述智能电池20进行放电操作时，是采用使电阻发热的方式来释放多余的电量，此时会产生很高的热量，因此有必要对所述均衡电路32的温度进行监控，以防止温度超过预警温度而发生意外。其中所述温度阈值即所述预警温度，所述温度阈值可以根据所述均衡电路32的相关特征参数来进行设定。在本实施例中，通过对均衡电路32的温度进行监测，当温度超过预设的温度阈值时及时停止对智能电池20的放电操作，从而提高了智能电池20的安全性。
在其他一些实施例中，同样请参阅图1，所述电池均衡控制装置30还包括散热装置35，所述散热装置35连接所述微处理器31和所述均衡电路32。其中，当所述均衡电路32的温度超过预设温度阈值时，所述散热装置35用于通过预设的温度控制方法对所述均衡电路32进行散热操作。所述散热装置35具体可以是风扇、散热片、水冷散热装置中的一种或几种。通过所述散热装置35对所述均衡电路32进行降温，从而能保证均衡电路32持续性工作，提高了所述电池均衡控制装置30的稳定性以及所述智能电池20的安全性。
在其他一些实施例中，同样请参阅图1，所述电池均衡控制装置30还包括显示屏36，所述显示屏36连接所述微处理器31、所述均衡电路32以及所述温度检测装置34。所述显示屏36用于显示所述智能电池20的均衡状态信息，所述均衡状态信息包括所述电芯的电压和温度，所述均衡电路的温度等。通过所述显示屏36能方便用户查看电池20的均衡的状态，及时掌握电池20的相关信息。
在其他一些实施例中，所述电池均衡控制装置30还可以包括预警装置(未在图中示出)，所述预警装置连接所述微处理器31，在所述均衡电路32的温度超过所述预设的温度阈值，或者在所述智能电池20不是充电状态时，可以通过所述预警装置进行预警。
在其他一些实施例中，同样请参阅图1，所述电池均衡控制装置30还包括通信隔离防护模块33，所述通信隔离防护模块33连接所述微处理器31和所述智能电池20。所述通信隔离防护模块33用于保护所述电池均衡控制装置30和所述智能电池20的通信链路。在本实施例中，所述电池均衡控制装置30通过所述通信隔离防护模块33连接到所述智能电池20，在所述电池均衡控制装置30与所述智能电池20通信时，通过所述通信隔离防护模块33对这二者之间的通信进行保护，以确保所述电池均衡控制装置30与所述智能电池20之间的通信能顺利进行。所述通信隔离防护模块33具体可以是ISO1540，ADuM1200这类的隔离芯片所构成的隔离电路，也可以是ESD等静电防护器件等。
在本实施例中，所述电池均衡控制装置30在充电过程中对所述智能电池20进行均衡，所述电池均衡控制装置30可以是如图2中所示的一个独立的装置，也可以集成到所述电源10中，或者分离地存在于任何合适的位置，用于对无人机的智能电池20进行均衡控制，在此不做限制。
在本实施例中，所述电池均衡控制装置30，通过微处理器31对智能电池20的电芯组的状态信息，即电芯组的温度及相邻两节电芯的电压差进行判断，在所述温度和所述电芯的电压差均满足均衡条件时，电池均衡控制装置30通过微处理器31控制均衡电路32对智能电池20进行均衡。该实施方式不需要在电池内部进行均衡节省了电池空间和重量，并且能够直接获取电池内部电芯的电压，避免了压降问题，提高了电池电芯的电压均衡精度。此外，还可以通过温度检测装置34对均衡电路32的温度进行监测，提高了电池均衡控制装置 30的稳定性和智能电池20的安全性。由于所述电池均衡控制装置30在对无人机的智能电池20进行均衡时是外置均衡，并且与所述智能电池20直接智能通信，可以省去很多线路空间，从而能满足无人机对空间和重量的要求。
请参阅图3，图3是本发明其中一实施例提供的一种均衡电路32的电路图，在图3中，可以将Q37、Q45组成的左边部分的电路和Q41、Q49组成的右边部分的电路当做两个独立的电路，左边部分的电路用于输出PWM信号，右边部分的电路可以当做一个开关电路，其中，当balance1＝1，balance2＝0时，Q49导通，Q41截止，此时左边部分的电路输出低电平信号；当balance1＝0，balance2＝1时，Q49截止，Q41导通，此时同样左边部分的电路输出低电平信号；当balance1＝1，balance2＝1时，Q49导通，Q41导通，此时左边部分的电路输出高电平信号。左边部分的电路根据输出的电平信号实现对所述智能电池20的电芯的放电操作。
需要说明的是，所述均衡电路32并不仅限于图3，还可以增加或者替换某一元器件以实现所述均衡电路32的功能。
需要说明的是，所述电池均衡控制装置30除了根据电芯的电压差来确定是否需要对电池20进行均衡之外，还可以通过其他特征参数(比如内阻、容量、使用寿命、温度等)来确定所述智能电池20当前是否需要均衡，从而使电池的内阻、容量、使用寿命、温度等特征参数趋于一致性。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明实施例提供的一种电池均衡控制方法的流程图，该方法由上述电池均衡控制装置执行，该方法包括：
步骤101、判断所述智能电池是否为充电模式。
其中，所述智能电池与执行本方法的电池均衡控制装置通信连接，所述电池均衡控制装置从所述智能电池获取所述智能电池的充电状态。
在其他一些实施例中，在判断所述智能电池是否为充电模式之前，所述方法还可以包括，读取所述智能电池的安全状态，以判断所述智能电池是否发生了安全报警，如果没有安全报警，则读取所述智能电池是否是充电状态。由此，可以及时发现电池的安全状态，提高电池的安全性，并且避免了不必要的电池均衡操作。
若是，则方法进行到步骤102。
步骤102、获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息。所述状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。
其中，所述电芯组包含多个电芯。执行本方法的电池均衡控制装置可以直接读取所述智能电池内部电芯组的状态信息。所述相邻两节电芯的电压差指的是相邻两节电芯的电压的差值，通过将相邻的两节电芯的电压进行差值运算而得到。
步骤103、根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件。
其中，所述均衡条件指，所述电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内；并且所 述相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值。所述预设的温度范围指的是符合电芯正常工作的温度区间，所述温度范围可以根据具体的应用场景进行自定义。所述均衡阈值指的是电压均衡阈值，所述电压均衡阈值的具体数值可以根据电池的相关参数以及当前的应用环境进行确定。判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件，即判断所述电芯组的温度是否在预设的温度范围内并且所述相邻两节电芯的电压差是否大于预设的均衡阈值。
需要说明的是，上述获取所述电芯组的温度和获取所述相邻两节电芯的电压差的两个过程可以同时进行，或者，先获取所述相邻两节电芯的电压差再获取所述电芯组的温度，在此不限定这两个步骤的执行顺序。
若是，则方法进行到步骤104。
步骤104、控制均衡电路对所述智能电池的电芯进行放电操作。
其中，所述均衡电路在对所述智能电池的电芯进行放电操作时具体可以是对所述相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作，或者对任意相邻两节电芯中电压较高的多节电芯进行放电操作。通过所述放电操作，以保证所述智能电池的电芯的电压趋于一致性。在本实施例中，所述均衡电路在对电芯进行放电操作时，主要使用电阻发热的方式来释放多余的电量，当然，在具体应用中还可以采用其他方式来释放多余的电量。
需要说明的是，除了根据相邻两节电芯的电压差来确定是否需要对电池进行均衡之外，还可以通过其他特征参数(比如内阻、容量、使用寿命、温度等)来确定所述智能电池当前是否需要均衡，从而使电池的内阻、容量、使用寿命、温度等特征参数趋于一致性。
在放电操作开始之后，该方法还可以包括：
步骤105、获取所述均衡电路的温度以及所述智能电池内部相邻两节电芯的电压差。
其中，所述获取所述均衡电路的温度及所述相邻两节电芯的电压差可以是周期性的或非周期性的。
步骤106、判断所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差中是否至少有一项满足放电停止条件。
其中，所述放电停止条件包括，所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，或所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于(即，小于或等于)所述均衡阈值。可以周期性地获取所述均衡电路的温度和周期性地获取所述相邻两节电芯的电压差，所述周期可以根据具体应用环境进行自定义，两个周期可以定义相同，并且同时采集温度和电压差。也可以非周期性地获取、实时获取并且周期性地将所获取的数据发送到所述微处理器，或以其他任何合适的周期性或非周期性的方式进行。
如果是，则进行到步骤107。
步骤107、停止对所述智能电池的电芯的放电操作。
其中，由于所述均衡电路在对所述智能电池进行均衡时，具体采用使电阻 发热的方式来释放多余的电量，此时会产生很高的热量，因此有必要对所述均衡电路的温度进行监控，以防止温度超过预警温度而发生意外，其中所述温度阈值即所述预警温度，所述温度阈值可以根据所述均衡电路的相关特征参数来进行设定。在本实施例中，通过对均衡电路的温度进行监测，当温度超过预设的温度阈值时及时停止对电池均衡，从而提高了电池的安全性。
在其他一些实施例中，当所述均衡电路的温度超过预设温度阈值时，所述方法还包括：通过预设的温度控制方法对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。所述预设的温度控制方法包括通过风扇、散热片来进行散热的方式，还包括水冷散热方式等。在此，通过预设的温度控制方法对所述均衡电路进行散热操作，从而能保证均衡电路持续性工作，提高了所述电池均衡控制装置的稳定性以及所述智能电池的安全性。
在其他一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：显示所述智能电池的均衡状态信息，所述均衡状态信息包括但不限于所述电芯的电压、温度、以及所述均衡电路的温度。通过显示所述智能电池的均衡状态信息从而能方便用户查看电池的均衡的状态，及时掌握电池的相关信息，从而人为地控制电池充电和电池均衡。
在其他一些实施例中，所述方法还包括：在所述均衡电路的温度超过所述预设的温度阈值，或者在所述智能电池不是充电状态时，通过预设的报警方式发出警告。
本发明实施例提供了一种电池均衡控制方法，该方法不需要在电池内部进行均衡，节省了电池空间和重量，并且能够直接获取电池内部电芯的电压，避免了压降问题，提高了电池电芯的电压均衡精度。此外，该方法还提高了电池的安全性以及在进行电池均衡时的安全性。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例提供的电池均衡控制装置除了应用在无人机上，还可以应用于其他设备，比如电动汽车等。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域普通技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件来实现。本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本发明的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以 进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池均衡控制方法，用于电池均衡控制装置，所述电池均衡控制装置与无人机的智能电池通信连接，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    确定所述智能电池处于充电状态；
    通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，其中，所述控制芯片与所述电池均衡控制装置通信连接，所述电芯组的状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
    根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件；
    若是，则所述电池均衡控制装置对所述智能电池进行均衡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，包括：
    通过所述智能电池的控制芯片获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压；
    根据所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压，获取所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，包括：
    通过所述智能电池的控制芯片获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，其中，所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差由所述控制芯片计算得到。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述均衡条件包括所述电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内且所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值，则：
    所述电池均衡控制装置对所述智能电池进行均衡包括：
    对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电池均衡控制装置包括微处理器和与所述微处理器电连接的均衡电路，其中，所述微处理器与所述控制芯片通信连接，所述均衡电路与所述电芯组电连接，则该方法还包括：
    在所述放电操作过程中，获取所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
    判断所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差中是否有至少一个满足放电停止条件；
    若是，则所述电池均衡控制装置停止对所述电芯组的放电操作。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述放电停止条件包括所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，或所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于所述均衡阈值。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    在所述放电操作过程中，若所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，则：
    对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述对所述均衡电路进行散热操作，包括：
    通过散热装置对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述散热装置包括风扇、散热片和水冷管中的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向用户显示所述智能电池的均衡状态信息，其中，所述均衡状态信息包括所述电芯组的电压、所述电芯组的温度和所述均衡电路的温度中的至少一项。
  11. 一种电池均衡控制装置，其特征在于，包括：
    微处理器，与无人机智能电池中的控制芯片通信连接；以及
    均衡电路，所述均衡电路一端与所述微处理器电连接，另一端与所述智能电池中的电芯组电连接；
    所述微处理器用于：
    确定所述智能电池处于充电状态；
    通过所述智能电池中的控制芯片获取所述智能电池中电芯组的状态信息，其中，所述控制芯片与所述电池均衡控制装置通信连接，所述电芯组的状态信息包括所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差；
    根据所述电芯组的状态信息，判断所述智能电池是否满足均衡条件；
    若是，则控制所述均衡电路对所述智能电池进行均衡。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器具体用于：
    通过所述控制芯片，获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压；
    根据所述电芯组中每一节电芯的电压，计算所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述微处理器具体用于：
    通过所述控制芯片，获取所述电芯组的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，其中，所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差由所述控制芯片计算得到。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述均衡条件包括所述电芯组的温度在预设的温度范围内且所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差大于预设的均衡阈值，则：
    所述微处理器用于控制所述均衡电路对相邻两节电芯中电压较高的电芯进行放电操作。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置还包括温度检测装置，所述温度检测装置与所述微处理器电连接，所述温度检测装置用于检测所述均衡电路的温度，则所述微处理器还用于：
    在所述放电操作过程中，通过所述温度检测装置获取所述均衡电路的温度和通过所述控制芯片获取所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差，
    判断所述均衡电路的温度和所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差中是否有至少一个满足放电停止条件；
    若是，则控制所述均衡电路停止对所述电芯组的放电操作。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述放电停止条件包括所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值，或所述电芯组中相邻两节电芯的电压差不大于所述均衡阈值。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置还包括用于对所述均衡电路进行散热操作的散热装置，所述散热装置与所述微处理器电连接，当所述温度检测装置检测到所述均衡电路的温度超过预设值时，所述微处理器控制所述散热装置对所述均衡电路进行散热操作。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述散热装置包括风扇、散热片和水冷管中的至少一种。
  19. 根据权利要求11-18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，该装置还包括显示屏，所述显示屏与所述微处理器电连接，所述显示屏用于向用户显示所述智能电池的均衡装置信息，其中，所述均衡状态信息包括所述电芯组的电压、所述电芯组的温度和所述均衡电路的温度中的至少一项。
  20. 一种均衡控制系统，其特征在于，包括：
    智能电池，设于无人机，用于给所述无人机供电，所述智能电池包括控制 芯片和与所述控制芯片电连接的电芯组；
    电源，与所述智能电池电连接，用于给所述智能电池充电；以及
    如权利要求11-19中任一项所述的电池均衡控制装置，所述电池均衡控制装置靠近所述电源设置且与所述电源电连接。
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