WO2020228185A1 - 一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统 - Google Patents

一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020228185A1
WO2020228185A1 PCT/CN2019/103463 CN2019103463W WO2020228185A1 WO 2020228185 A1 WO2020228185 A1 WO 2020228185A1 CN 2019103463 W CN2019103463 W CN 2019103463W WO 2020228185 A1 WO2020228185 A1 WO 2020228185A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic module
pressing
card
photovoltaic
plate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/103463
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨颖�
李红军
闫少仕
Original Assignee
江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020228185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020228185A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
    • H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
    • H02S20/23—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings specially adapted for roof structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of roof photovoltaics, in particular to a compact and a roof photovoltaic system containing the same.
  • BIPV Building Integrated PV
  • the photovoltaic modules in the existing rooftop photovoltaic system are generally fixed to the building roof by screws, but when photovoltaic modules are installed on the building roof, due to processing errors or substandard construction, water leakage is likely to occur at the screws that fasten the module clamps phenomenon.
  • the impact of the screw on the photovoltaic module and the oxidation and rust of the screw due to water immersion during use are not conducive to the stability and firmness of the photovoltaic system, thereby reducing the service life of the photovoltaic system and greatly increasing the photovoltaic system Maintenance costs. Therefore, those skilled in the art urgently need to solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a compact and a roof photovoltaic system containing it.
  • the present invention does not need to damage the upper surface of the photovoltaic module due to perforation as in the prior art, avoids water leakage due to perforation, and also avoids The phenomenon that the photovoltaic module itself fails due to rainwater due to the perforation; the construction cost and the later maintenance cost of the present invention are greatly reduced, and it is firm and reliable, and the roof photovoltaic system has superior wind resistance.
  • a briquette including:
  • the pressure plate and two side plates provided on opposite sides of the pressure plate; the two side plates abut on the same surface of the pressure plate; the pressure plate and the two side plates are jointly enclosed to form a card slot;
  • the outer side wall of the side plate away from the card slot is provided with a pressing sheet for pressing the photovoltaic module; the outer side wall of the side plate away from the card slot is provided with a card for clamping the photovoltaic module
  • the connecting portion; the pressing piece is arranged close to the bottom of the slot, and the connecting portion is arranged close to the opening of the slot.
  • the photovoltaic module is pressed by the pressing sheet of the pressing block and the photovoltaic module is clamped by the clamping part of the pressing block to realize the fixing of the photovoltaic module, and the pressing block is engaged with the support structure for supporting the photovoltaic module , So as to realize the fixed connection of the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure, avoid the pressure block to realize the connection of the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure through the perforation of the connector (such as screws, screws, etc.), avoid water leakage at the connector, and avoid perforation
  • the photovoltaic modules are not fixed firmly due to oxidation and rust caused by immersion in rainwater and the high maintenance cost caused by later.
  • the pressing sheet realizes the pressing and fixing of the photovoltaic module from the upper surface of the photovoltaic module, and the clamping part realizes the fixing of the photovoltaic module from below, effectively ensuring the fixing of the photovoltaic module and ensuring the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system ,
  • the present invention does not need to damage the upper surface of the photovoltaic module due to perforation as in the prior art, avoiding water leakage due to perforation, and at the same time avoiding the photovoltaic module.
  • the phenomenon that the component itself fails due to rainwater due to perforation; the construction cost and later maintenance cost of the present invention are greatly reduced, and it is firm and reliable, and the roof photovoltaic system has superior wind resistance.
  • the clamping portion pierces the metal frame of the photovoltaic module to realize the contact connection between the clamping portion and the metal frame.
  • the metal frame of the photovoltaic module is pierced by the press block to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame, the press block and the support structure, and the support structure is grounded to realize the safety requirement that the photovoltaic module frame must be grounded, thereby avoiding
  • each photovoltaic module must be grounded, which greatly reduces the grounding complexity of the rooftop photovoltaic system, reduces the grounding wire, fastening materials, and on-site construction costs, and greatly simplifies the difficulty and process of building a rooftop photovoltaic system.
  • the side plate is provided with a card on the inner side of one side close to the card slot; the card and the side plate are arranged at an angle.
  • the card is used to further strengthen the tightness and reliability of the connection between the pressure block and the supporting structure, which greatly improves the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system.
  • the end of the card on the side far from the side plate is provided with a limiting portion; and/or, the card is formed by bending a part of the side plate toward the card slot, and the card is far away The end of one side of the side plate is arranged close to the bottom of the card slot.
  • the tightness and firmness of the connection between the pressure block and the supporting structure are increased by the limit part, and the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system is greatly improved.
  • the card is set as a part of the side plate, thereby reducing the weight and structural complexity of the pressing block, and reducing the manufacturing cost and construction cost of the present invention.
  • the pressing piece is an elastic member; and/or the pressing block is provided with a plurality of pressing pieces; and/or the side plate is provided with a through hole at a position corresponding to the pressing piece.
  • the pressing sheet is arranged as an elastic member so that the contact between the pressing sheet and the photovoltaic module becomes a flexible contact, which improves the tolerance of the processing error and the installation error of the present invention, and ensures the flatness of the photovoltaic module installation.
  • a plurality of pressing pieces are provided to improve the tightness and reliability of pressing the photovoltaic module with the pressing block.
  • the through hole arrangement greatly reduces the weight of the briquette and saves the manufacturing cost of the briquette.
  • the invention also discloses a rooftop photovoltaic system, which includes:
  • the pressure block includes a pressure plate; and two side plates arranged on opposite sides of the pressure plate; the two side plates abut on the same surface of the pressure plate; the pressure plate and the two side plates jointly surround A card slot is formed; the outer side wall of the side plate away from the card slot is provided with a pressing sheet for pressing the photovoltaic module; the outer side wall of the side plate away from the card slot is provided with a clamping place The clamping portion of the photovoltaic module; the pressing piece is disposed close to the bottom of the clamping slot, and the clamping portion is disposed close to the opening of the clamping slot;
  • the support structure extends along the slope and is laid on the roof at intervals, the photovoltaic modules are arranged on the first supporting parts of the two adjacent support structures; the slot is clamped on the support structure
  • the middle supporting part enables the pressing sheet to be pressed against the upper surface of the photovoltaic component, and the clamping part clamps the photovoltaic component.
  • the photovoltaic module is pressed by the pressing sheet of the pressing block and the photovoltaic module is clamped by the clamping part of the pressing block to realize the fixing of the photovoltaic module, and the clamping between the pressing block and the supporting structure is added to realize the photovoltaic module
  • the fixed connection with the supporting structure prevents the pressure block from connecting the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure through the perforation of the connector (such as screws, screws, etc.), avoids water leakage at the connector, and avoids the perforation from being immersed in rainwater and oxidation Photovoltaic modules are not fixed firmly due to rust and the high maintenance cost caused by later.
  • the pressing sheet realizes the pressing and fixing of the photovoltaic module from the upper surface of the photovoltaic module, and the clamping part realizes the fixing of the photovoltaic module from below, effectively ensuring the fixing of the photovoltaic module and ensuring the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system ,
  • the present invention does not need to damage the upper surface of the photovoltaic module due to perforation as in the prior art, avoiding water leakage due to perforation, and at the same time avoiding the photovoltaic module.
  • the phenomenon that the component itself fails due to rainwater due to perforation; the construction cost and later maintenance cost of the present invention are greatly reduced, and it is firm and reliable, and the roof photovoltaic system has superior wind resistance.
  • the side plate is provided with a card on the inner side of one side close to the card slot; the card and the side plate are arranged at an angle;
  • the cross-sectional shape of the supporting structure is a convex structure, including an integrally formed The left support part, the middle support part and the right support part;
  • the cross-sectional shape of the middle support part is an inverted U-shaped structure, including a first side, a second side and a third side connected in sequence, and the second side forms the The closed end of the middle support part;
  • the outer side walls of the first side and the third side are provided with card slots for clamping the card;
  • the left support part and the right support part form the first Supporting Department.
  • the card is used to further strengthen the tightness and reliability of the connection between the pressure block and the supporting structure, which greatly improves the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system. More preferably, by arranging the cross-sectional structure of the support structure to be symmetrical, the stress condition of the support structure is improved, and the stability and firmness of the photovoltaic modules arranged on both sides of the support structure are improved.
  • the water guiding structure includes a longitudinal water guiding plate extending along a slope direction, and the longitudinal water guiding plate is provided at the joint of the photovoltaic modules arranged on both sides of itself. Water channel.
  • the rainwater leaked from the splicing place of the photovoltaic module is received through the water guiding structure, which avoids the water leakage phenomenon of the roof photovoltaic system and ensures the indoor dryness and comfort.
  • the water guiding structure further includes a lateral water guiding plate extending in a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the downhill direction; the lateral water guiding plate is arranged on the two adjacent photovoltaic modules Below the contact point, and the horizontal water deflector communicates with the longitudinal water deflector; and/or, the supporting structure is the longitudinal water deflector.
  • the arrangement of the horizontal water guide plate effectively avoids the realization of water leakage between the photovoltaic modules arranged along the first direction due to the existence of installation gaps, and the horizontal water guide plate will prevent rainwater between the photovoltaic modules arranged along the first direction. Collect, and then lead out through the longitudinal water deflector to ensure that there is no water leakage in the roof photovoltaic system.
  • the vertical water deflector is used to load the photovoltaic modules, so that the vertical water deflector integrates water collection, drainage, water guidance, and load-bearing, which greatly simplifies the BIPV construction structure, steps, and time, thereby simplifying the construction process , To ensure the construction period, while reducing the construction cost, greatly improving the cost-effectiveness of the BIPV.
  • the clamping portion pierces the metal frame of the photovoltaic module to realize the contact connection between the clamping portion and the metal frame; so that the metal frame, the pressure block and the supporting structure are electrically connected.
  • the supporting structure is grounded; and/or, the pressing piece is an elastic member; and/or, the pressing block is provided with a plurality of pressing pieces; and/or, the side plate corresponds to the pressing.
  • the position of the sheet is provided with a through hole; and/or, a longitudinal sealing strip is provided between the photovoltaic module and the first supporting part; and/or, two adjacent photovoltaic modules are arranged along the first direction
  • the contact point is clamped with a horizontal sealing strip, and the first direction is perpendicular to the downhill direction.
  • the metal frame of the photovoltaic module is pierced by the press block to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame, the press block and the support structure, and the support structure is grounded to realize the safety requirement that the photovoltaic module frame must be grounded, thereby avoiding
  • each photovoltaic module must be grounded, which greatly reduces the grounding complexity of the rooftop photovoltaic system, reduces the grounding wire, fastening materials, and on-site construction costs, and greatly simplifies the difficulty and process of building a rooftop photovoltaic system.
  • the pressing sheet is arranged as an elastic member so that the contact between the pressing sheet and the photovoltaic module becomes a flexible contact, which improves the tolerance of the processing error and the installation error of the present invention, and ensures the flatness of the photovoltaic module installation.
  • a plurality of pressing pieces are provided to improve the tightness and reliability of pressing the photovoltaic module with the pressing block.
  • the through hole arrangement greatly reduces the weight of the briquette and saves the manufacturing cost of the briquette.
  • the longitudinal sealing strip by providing the longitudinal sealing strip, the tightness and tightness of the connection between the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure are ensured.
  • the horizontal sealing strip increases the tightness of the connection between the photovoltaic modules arranged in the first direction, improves the sealing performance of the rooftop photovoltaic system, and reduces the probability of water leakage of the rooftop photovoltaic system.
  • the compact and the roof photovoltaic system containing the compact provided by the present invention can bring at least one of the following
  • the photovoltaic module is pressed by the pressing sheet of the pressing block and the photovoltaic module is clamped by the clamping part of the pressing block to realize the fixing of the photovoltaic module, and the clamping between the pressing block and the supporting structure is added to realize the photovoltaic module.
  • the fixed connection of the module and the supporting structure prevents the pressure block from connecting the photovoltaic module and the supporting structure through the perforation of the connector (such as screws, screws, etc.), avoids water leakage at the connector, and prevents the perforation from being immersed in rainwater. Insufficient fixation of photovoltaic modules caused by oxidation and rust and high maintenance costs in the later period.
  • the pressing sheet realizes the pressing and fixing of the photovoltaic module from the upper surface of the photovoltaic module, and the clamping part realizes the fixing of the photovoltaic module from below, effectively ensuring the fixing of the photovoltaic module and ensuring the wind resistance of the roof photovoltaic system ,
  • the present invention does not need to damage the upper surface of the photovoltaic module due to perforation as in the prior art, avoiding water leakage due to perforation, and at the same time avoiding the photovoltaic module.
  • the phenomenon that the component itself fails due to rainwater due to perforation; the construction cost and later maintenance cost of the present invention are greatly reduced, and it is firm and reliable, and the roof photovoltaic system has superior wind resistance.
  • the metal frame of the photovoltaic module is pierced by the press block to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame, the press block and the support structure, and the support structure is grounded to achieve the safety requirement that the photovoltaic module frame must be grounded, thereby avoiding
  • each photovoltaic module must be grounded, which greatly reduces the grounding complexity of the rooftop photovoltaic system, reduces the grounding wire, fastening materials, and on-site construction costs, and greatly simplifies the construction difficulty and process of the rooftop photovoltaic system.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the compact of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the compact of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the rooftop photovoltaic system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the rooftop photovoltaic system of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the rooftop photovoltaic system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of the rooftop photovoltaic system of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the longitudinal water deflector of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the longitudinal water deflector of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a longitudinal sealing strip
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the lateral water deflector of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic sectional view of the structure of Fig. 12;
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the transverse sealing strip of the present invention.
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of Fig. 14.
  • Photovoltaic module 21. Photovoltaic panel, 22. Metal frame, 3. Water guiding structure, 31. Longitudinal water guiding plate, 311. Longitudinal sealing strip, 3111. Serrated surface, 3112. Contact surface, 316. Left support part, 3161. Fourth side , 3162. Fifth side, 3163. Sixth side, 3164. Second extended side, 317. Middle support part, 3171. First side, 31711. Card slot, 3172. Second side, 3173. Third side, 3174 . The first extended side, 318. Right support, 32. Transverse water deflector, 321.
  • Transverse sealing strip 3211.
  • the second straight side 3213. Barb, 3214. Channel, 322. Bottom, 323.
  • the first side wall 324.
  • the second side wall 325.
  • the second card edge 327.
  • installation should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • installation should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise clearly specified and limited.
  • it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection, or Integrally connected; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • the specific meaning of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
  • a pressure block includes: a pressure plate 11; and two side plates 12 provided on opposite sides of the pressure plate 11; the two side plates 12 abut against the pressure plate 11 The same surface; the pressing plate 11 and the two side plates 12 are jointly enclosed to form a card slot 13; the outer side wall of the side plate 12 away from the card slot is provided with a pressing sheet 14 for pressing the photovoltaic module 2; the side plate 12 is away from the card slot 13 The outer side wall on one side is provided with a clamping part 15 for clamping the photovoltaic module 2; the pressing piece 14 is arranged close to the bottom of the clamping groove 13, and the clamping part 15 is arranged close to the opening of the clamping groove 13.
  • the pressing piece 14 of the pressing block 1 presses the photovoltaic module 2 and the clamping portion 15 of the pressing block 1 to clamp the photovoltaic module 2 to realize the fixing of the photovoltaic module 2, plus the clamping of the pressing block 1 and the supporting structure
  • the fixed connection between the photovoltaic module 2 and the supporting structure is realized, and the pressure block 1 is prevented from being connected to the supporting structure through the perforation of the connecting piece (such as screws, screws, etc.), and water leakage at the connecting piece is avoided.
  • the connecting piece such as screws, screws, etc.
  • the pressing sheet 14 realizes the pressing and fixing of the photovoltaic module 2 from the upper surface of the photovoltaic module 2, and the clamping part 15 realizes the fixing of the photovoltaic module 2 from below, which effectively guarantees the fixing of the photovoltaic module 2 and the resistance of the rooftop photovoltaic system.
  • Wind performance prevents the photovoltaic module 2 from warping, displacement and other adverse effects; more preferably, the present invention does not need to damage the upper surface of the photovoltaic module 2 due to perforation as in the prior art, avoiding water leakage due to perforation, and at the same time It also avoids the phenomenon that the photovoltaic module 2 itself fails due to rainwater due to perforation; greatly reduces the construction cost and later maintenance cost of the present invention, and is firm and reliable, and the roof photovoltaic system has superior wind resistance.
  • the clamping portion 15 pierces the metal frame 22 of the photovoltaic module 2 to realize the contact connection between the clamping portion 15 and the metal frame 22.
  • the metal frame 22 of the photovoltaic module 2 needs to be grounded to improve the safety of the rooftop photovoltaic system, but each photovoltaic module 2 needs to be grounded, which results in a very cumbersome and complicated grounding of the rooftop photovoltaic system, which is not conducive to the construction process.
  • the present invention creatively uses the pressure block 1 to pierce the metal frame 22 to achieve the contact connection between the pressure block 1 and the metal frame 22.
  • the pressure block 1 is clamped on the supporting structure used to support the photovoltaic module 2 (such as longitudinal water-conducting Therefore, the pressing block 1 is used as a conductor to conduct the metal frame 22 and the supporting structure, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the metal frame 22, the pressing block 1 and the supporting structure, and the supporting structure is grounded ,
  • the grounding safety setting of the photovoltaic module 2 can be realized. Since the number of supporting structures is much smaller than that of the photovoltaic module 2, the cumbersome and difficult installation and implementation of the grounding of the photovoltaic module 2 are greatly simplified.
  • the pressure block 1 only needs to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame 22 and the supporting structure (ie, ground connection), and the pressure block 1 may be a metal part as a whole or a part of a metal part.
  • the clamping portion 15 is formed by folding a part of the side plate 12 in a direction away from the side of the groove 13 so that the clamping portion 15 and the side plate 12 are arranged at an angle.
  • the end of the clamping portion 15 away from the side plate 12 is pointed or provided with thorns (the thorns are arranged in a direction away from the clamping slot 13).
  • the clamping portion 15 may be provided only on the first side plate or the second side plate, or both may be provided on the first side plate and the second side plate, depending on the actual application.
  • the pressing piece 14 is an elastic member, and the pressing piece 14 may be a plastic pressing piece or a metal pressing piece.
  • the pressing block 1 has a certain elastic restoring force, so as to facilitate the pressing of the photovoltaic module 2.
  • the pressing sheet 14 is preferably extended to the photovoltaic panel 21 of the photovoltaic module 2, and the contact area between the pressing sheet 14 and the photovoltaic module 2 is increased to ensure the stability and firmness of the photovoltaic module 2 fixed on the roof.
  • the pressing piece 14 can be arranged perpendicular to or at an angle to the extending direction of the slot 13.
  • the pressing pieces 14 are preferably arranged on both sides of the pressing plate 11 respectively, that is, pressing pieces 14 are arranged on the outer side walls of the first side plate and the second side plate. It is worth noting that when the end surfaces of the first side plate and the second side plate close to the bottom of the slot 13 are flush with the upper surface of the pressing plate 11, the pressing piece 14 is arranged on the side plate 12. When the end surface of the second side plate close to the bottom of the card slot 13 is flush (butted) with the lower surface of the pressure plate 11, the pressure piece 14 can be provided on the side plate 12 or the pressure plate 11, but both should belong to the present invention protected range.
  • the surface of the pressing piece 14 on the side away from the slot 13 is provided with a reinforcing rib.
  • the side plate 12 is provided with a card 16 on the inner side of the side close to the card slot 13; the card 16 and the side plate 12 are arranged at an angle.
  • the supporting structure is clamped by the clamping slot 13
  • the supporting structure is further clamped by the card 16, thereby ensuring the tightness and reliability of the connection between the pressure block 1 and the supporting structure.
  • the end of the card 16 away from the side plate 12 is provided with a limiting portion 161 so that the end of the card 16 away from the side plate 12 is a tree branch, which increases the firmness of the card 16 clamping support structure.
  • the card 16 is formed by bending a part of the side plate 12 toward the card slot 13, and the end of the card 16 on the side away from the side plate 12 is located close to the bottom of the card slot 13.
  • the card 16 is made of a material with elastic memory, so as to increase the stability and firmness of the connection between the card 16 and the supporting structure.
  • the side plate 12 is provided with a through hole 121 at a position corresponding to the pressing piece 14.
  • more than one clamping portion 15 is provided directly below the pressing piece 14. In practical applications, the number and positions of the card 16, the pressing piece 14, the clamping portion 15, and the through hole 121 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the surface of the card 16 away from the card slot 13 is provided with reinforcing ribs.
  • a rooftop photovoltaic system includes: a pressure block 1, a plurality of photovoltaic modules 2 and a supporting structure; the pressure block 1 includes a pressure plate 11; and two opposite sides of the pressure plate 11 Two side plates 12; two side plates 12 abut on the same surface of the pressure plate 11; the pressure plate 11 and the two side plates 12 are jointly enclosed to form a card slot 13; the outer side wall of the side plate 12 away from the card slot is provided for Press the pressing piece 14 of the photovoltaic module 2; the outer side wall of the side plate 12 away from the card slot 13 is provided with a clamping portion 15 for clamping the photovoltaic module 2; the pressing piece 14 is arranged near the bottom of the clamping groove 13, and the clamping portion 15 is arranged close to the opening of the card slot 13; the supporting structure extends along the slope and is laid on the roof at intervals; the photovoltaic module 2 is arranged on the first supporting part of two adjacent supporting structures; the card slot 13 is
  • the clamping portion 15 pierces the metal frame 22 of the photovoltaic module 2 to realize the contact connection between the clamping portion 15 and the metal frame 22;
  • the metal frame 22, the pressing block 1 and the supporting structure are electrically connected; the supporting structure is grounded.
  • the metal frame 22 of the photovoltaic module 2 needs to be grounded to improve the safety of the rooftop photovoltaic system, but each photovoltaic module 2 needs to be grounded, which results in a very cumbersome and complicated grounding of the rooftop photovoltaic system, which is not conducive to the construction process.
  • the present invention creatively uses the pressure block 1 to pierce the metal frame 22 to achieve the contact connection between the pressure block 1 and the metal frame 22. Because the pressure block 1 is clamped on the supporting structure for supporting the photovoltaic module 2, therefore, Using the pressing block 1 as a conductor, the metal frame 22 and the supporting structure are connected to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame 22, the pressing block 1 and the supporting structure. By grounding the supporting structure, the grounding safety of the photovoltaic module 2 can be set. Since the number of supporting structures is far smaller than that of the photovoltaic module 2, the cumbersome and difficult installation and implementation of the grounding of the photovoltaic module 2 are greatly simplified.
  • the pressure block 1 only needs to realize the electrical connection between the metal frame 22 and the supporting structure (ie, ground connection), and the pressure block 1 may be a metal part as a whole or a part of a metal part.
  • the clamping portion 15 is formed by folding a part of the side plate 12 in a direction away from the side of the groove 13 so that the clamping portion 15 and the side plate 12 are arranged at an angle.
  • the end of the clamping portion 15 away from the side plate 12 is pointed or provided with thorns (the thorns are arranged in a direction away from the clamping slot 13).
  • the clamping portion 15 may be provided only on the first side plate or the second side plate, or both may be provided on the first side plate and the second side plate, depending on the actual application.
  • the pressing piece 14 is an elastic member, and the pressing piece 14 may be a plastic pressing piece or a metal pressing piece.
  • the pressing block 1 has a certain elastic restoring force, so as to facilitate the pressing of the photovoltaic module 2.
  • the pressing sheet 14 is preferably extended to the photovoltaic panel 21 of the photovoltaic module 2, and the contact area between the pressing sheet 14 and the photovoltaic module 2 is increased to ensure the stability and firmness of the photovoltaic module 2 fixed on the roof.
  • the pressing piece 14 can be arranged perpendicular to or at an angle to the extending direction of the slot 13.
  • the pressing pieces 14 are preferably arranged on both sides of the pressing plate 11 respectively, that is, pressing pieces 14 are arranged on the outer side walls of the first side plate and the second side plate. It is worth noting that when the end surfaces of the first side plate and the second side plate close to the bottom of the slot 13 are flush with the upper surface of the pressing plate 11, the pressing piece 14 is arranged on the side plate 12. When the end surface of the second side plate close to the bottom of the card slot 13 is flush (butted) with the lower surface of the pressure plate 11, the pressure piece 14 can be provided on the side plate 12 or the pressure plate 11, but both should belong to the present invention protected range.
  • the surface of the pressing piece 14 on the side away from the slot 13 is provided with a reinforcing rib.
  • a groove is provided on the surface of the pressing sheet 14 on the side close to the photovoltaic module 2 to avoid air bubbles between the pressing sheet 14 and the photovoltaic module 2 and to ensure the adhesion between the pressing sheet 14 and the photovoltaic module 2 and improve The connection between the pressing sheet 14 and the photovoltaic module 2 is firm.
  • the side plate 12 is provided with a card 16 on the inner side of the side close to the card slot 13; the card 16 and the side plate 12 are arranged at an angle.
  • the supporting structure is clamped by the clamping slot 13
  • the supporting structure is further clamped by the card 16, thereby ensuring the tightness and reliability of the connection between the pressure block 1 and the supporting structure.
  • the end of the card 16 away from the side plate 12 is provided with a limiting portion 161 so that the end of the card 16 away from the side plate 12 is a tree branch, which increases the firmness of the card 16 clamping support structure.
  • the card 16 is formed by bending a part of the side plate 12 toward the card slot 13, and the end of the card 16 on the side away from the side plate 12 is located close to the bottom of the card slot 13.
  • the card 16 is made of a material with elastic memory, so as to increase the stability and firmness of the connection between the card 16 and the supporting structure.
  • the side plate 12 is provided with a through hole 121 at a position corresponding to the pressing piece 14.
  • more than one clamping portion 15 is provided directly below the pressing piece 14. In practical applications, the number and positions of the card 16, the pressing piece 14, the clamping portion 15, and the through hole 121 can be set according to actual needs.
  • the surface of the card 16 away from the card slot 13 is provided with reinforcing ribs.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the support structure is a convex structure, including an integrally formed left support portion 316 and a middle support portion 317 And the right support portion 318;
  • the cross-sectional shape of the middle support portion 317 is an inverted U-shaped structure, including a first side 3171, a second side 3172, and a third side 3173 that are connected in sequence, and the second side 3172 forms the closure of the middle support portion 317 End;
  • the left support portion 316 and the right support portion 318 form a first supporting portion.
  • the outer side walls of the first side 3171 and the third side 3173 are provided with a card slot 31711 for holding the card 16.
  • the card slot 31711 is formed by the first side 3171 and the third side 3173 concavely formed, so that the side of the inverted U-shaped structure near the closed end becomes a T-shaped structure, and the side of the inverted U-shaped structure away from the closed end becomes a deformed Diameter tubular structure, the small diameter end is set close to the Y-shaped structure.
  • the end of the card 16 on the side away from the side plate 12 can be clamped at the two corners of the T-shaped structure.
  • the end of the transverse structure of the T-shaped structure is provided with a chamfer whose center is toward the side of the variable-diameter tubular structure. Thereby, the clamping between the limiting portion 161 and the chamfer is realized, and the pressure block 1 is prevented from falling off from the supporting structure.
  • the eighth embodiment on the basis of the fourth, fifth, sixth or seventh embodiment, it also includes a water guiding structure 3, which includes a longitudinal water guiding structure laid under the supporting structure
  • the plate 31 makes the joint of the photovoltaic modules 2 arranged on both sides of the supporting structure located above the water channel of the water guiding structure 3.
  • the water guiding structure 3 further includes a lateral water guiding plate 32 extending in a first direction, the first direction being perpendicular to the downhill direction; the lateral water guiding plate 32 is arranged at the contact point of two adjacent photovoltaic modules 2 Below, and the horizontal water deflector 32 communicates with the longitudinal water deflector 31.
  • a transverse sealing strip 321 is sandwiched between two adjacent photovoltaic modules 2 in the first direction.
  • the transverse sealing strip 321 has a T-shaped structure, including being perpendicular to each other.
  • barbs 3213 can reduce the gap between the contact of the photovoltaic module 2 and make the rainwater flow on the upper surface of the photovoltaic module 2 as much as possible, thereby reducing the probability of water seepage and water leakage of the BIPV, thereby reducing the profile size of the horizontal water deflector 32 , Reduce costs; and the arrangement of the channel 3214 improves the sealing and bonding of adjacent photovoltaic modules 2, thereby reducing the gap between the two contacts.
  • a longitudinal sealing strip 311 is provided between the photovoltaic module 2 and the first supporting part; preferably
  • the surface of the longitudinal sealing strip 311 on the side close to the photovoltaic module 2 is a serrated surface 3111, and the surface on the side close to the first supporting portion is a flat contact surface 3112.
  • the contact surface 3112 is provided with adhesive backing, so that When the longitudinal sealing strip 311 is installed, the longitudinal sealing strip 311 can be directly bonded to the first supporting portion through adhesive, so as to avoid the undesirable phenomenon of the longitudinal sealing strip 311 falling off during the installation of the photovoltaic module 2, thereby improving the roof construction efficiency.
  • the supporting structure is preferably a longitudinal water guiding plate 31.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal water deflector 31 is a W-shaped structure, including an integrally formed left support portion 316, a middle support portion 317, and a right support portion 318; the left support portion 316 and the right support portion 318 are both groove-shaped structures and The water channel is formed;
  • the cross-sectional shape of the middle support portion 317 is an inverted U-shaped structure, including a first side 3171, a second side 3172, and a third side 3173 connected in sequence, and the second side 3172 forms a closed end of the middle support portion 317;
  • the first side 3171 and the third side 3173 respectively extend outwardly along the first direction with a first extended side 3174, and the first extended side 3174 forms a first supporting portion.
  • the first side 3171 and the third side 3173 are provided with a card slot 31711.
  • the card slot 3171 is formed by the first side 3171 and the third side 3173 concavely, so that the inverted U-shaped structure becomes A T-shaped structure, and the inverted U-shaped structure becomes a variable-diameter tubular structure on the side away from the closed end, and the small-diameter end is set close to the Y-shaped structure. In this way, the end of the card 16 on the side away from the side plate 12 can be clamped at the two corners of the T-shaped structure.
  • the end of the transverse structure of the T-shaped structure is provided with a chamfer whose center is toward the side of the variable-diameter tubular structure.
  • the clamping between the limiting portion 161 and the chamfer is realized, and the pressure block 1 is prevented from falling off from the supporting structure.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the intermediate support portion 317 can also be a solid structure, but this will waste the material of the longitudinal water deflector 31, but it should also fall within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the cross-sectional shapes of the left support portion and the right support portion 318 are both U-shaped groove structures, including a fourth side 3161, a fifth side 3162, and a sixth side 3163 connected in sequence; and the fifth side 3162 forms a closed end,
  • the sixth side 3163 is arranged close to the middle support portion 317;
  • the fourth side 3161 has a second extended side 3164 extending outward along the first direction, and the second extended side 3164 forms a second supporting portion for supporting the horizontal water deflector 32 .
  • the cross-sectional shape of the water channel can also be V-shaped and other shapes.
  • the photovoltaic module 2 is supported by the first two longitudinal water deflectors 31 arranged adjacently along the first direction.
  • a supporting part, that is, the left side wall of the photovoltaic module 2 supports the first supporting part on the right side of the left longitudinal water guide plate 31; the right side wall of the photovoltaic module 2 supports the right longitudinal water guide The first supporting part on the left side of the plate 31; and the horizontal water deflector 32 is placed on the second supporting part of the two longitudinal water deflectors 31 adjacently arranged along the first direction, that is, the left side of the horizontal water deflector 32
  • the end of the horizontal water deflector is supported by the second supporting part on the right side of the left longitudinal water deflector 31; the right end of the horizontal water deflector 32 is supported by the second supporting part on the left of the left longitudinal water deflector 31 Receptacle; so that the rainwater in the horizontal water deflector 32 can flow to the longitudinal water deflector 31, so as to realize the discharge of rainwater at the contact between adjacent photovoltaic modules 2.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the transverse water guide plate 32 is a U-shaped structure, including a first side wall 323, a bottom surface 322 and a second side
  • the wall 324 and the bottom surface 322 form the closed end of the transverse water guide plate 32;
  • the open end of the transverse water guide plate 32 is set toward the photovoltaic module 2;
  • the two ends of the bottom surface 322 arranged in the first direction extend downwards with first clamping edges 325 and
  • the second clamping edge 326 makes the horizontal water guide plate 32 clamped to two adjacent longitudinal water guide plates 31, and the horizontal water guide plate 32 communicates with the longitudinal water guide plate 31.
  • the first clamping edge 325 located on the right side of the horizontal water deflector 32 is stuck on the inner wall of the second supporting part of the longitudinal water deflector 31 on the right; it is located on the left side of the horizontal water deflector 32
  • the second clamping edge 326 is clamped on the inner wall of the second supporting portion of the longitudinal water deflector 31 on the left; preferably, the first side wall 323 extends outwardly from the end of the first side wall 323 away from the bottom surface 322 with a first drainage edge 327;
  • the end of the second side wall 324 away from the bottom surface 322 extends outwards with a second drainage edge 328; preferably, the center line of the bottom surface 322 corresponds to the contact point of two adjacent photovoltaic modules 2, that is, the horizontal water deflector 32 is located opposite It is directly below the contact of the two adjacent photovoltaic modules 2.
  • the height of the first supporting portion is greater than the height of the second supporting portion, so that there is a gap between the bottom surface 322 of the lateral water guide plate 32 and the lower surface of the photovoltaic module 2, which is convenient for the drainage of rainwater and the connection of the photovoltaic module 2. Installed, and the lateral deflector does not participate in the support of the photovoltaic module 2.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统，压块包括：压板；以及设于压板相对两侧的两个侧板；两个侧板抵接于压板的同一表面；压板、两个侧板共同围设形成卡槽；侧板远离卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件的压片；侧板远离卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接光伏组件的卡接部；压片靠近卡槽的底部设置，卡接部靠近卡槽的开口设置。本发明无需穿孔而破坏光伏组件的上表面，避免了漏水现象，也避免了光伏组件因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，牢固可靠，抗风性能优越。

Description

一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统 技术领域
本发明涉及屋顶光伏技术领域，尤指一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统。
背景技术
现代化社会中，人们对舒适的建筑环境的追求越来越高，导致建筑采暖和空调的能耗日益增长。在发达国家，建筑用能已占全国总能耗的30％～40％，对经济发展形成了一定的制约作用。因此，光伏建筑一体化(BIPV，Building IntegratedPV(Photovoltaic))应运而生。
现有屋顶光伏系统中的光伏组件一般通过螺钉将光伏组件固定于建筑屋顶，但在建筑屋顶上安装光伏组件时，由于加工误差或施工不达标，在紧固组件压块的螺钉处容易出现漏水现象。且螺钉的敲打对光伏组件产生的冲击以及螺钉在使用过程中由于浸水而发生氧化生锈，均不利于光伏系统的稳定性和牢固性，从而降低了光伏系统的使用寿命，大大增加了光伏系统的维护成本。因此，本领域技术人员亟待解决上述难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统，本发明无需像现有技术那样因穿孔而破坏光伏组件的上表面，避免了因穿孔而出现的漏水现象，同时也避免了光伏组件因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；大大降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，且牢固可靠，屋顶光伏系统抗风性能优越。
本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种压块，包括：
压板；以及设于所述压板相对两侧的两个侧板；所述两个侧板抵接于所述压板的同一表面；所述压板和所述两个侧板共同围设形成卡槽；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件的压片；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接所述光伏组件的卡接部；所述压片靠近所述卡槽的底部设置，所述卡接部靠近所述卡槽的开口设置。
本技术方案中，通过压块的压片压合光伏组件以及压块的卡接部卡接光伏组件从而实现了光伏组件的固定，加上压块与用于支撑光伏组件的支撑结构的卡合，从而实现了光伏组件与支撑结构的固定连接，避免了压块通过连接件(如螺丝、螺钉等)穿孔实现光伏组件与支撑结构的连接，避免了连接件处的漏水现象，同时避免了穿孔处因浸入雨水而氧化生锈所引起的光伏组件固定不牢及其后期引起的高维修成本。更优的，压片从光伏组件的上表面实现了光伏组件的压合固定，而卡接部从下方实现了光伏组件的固定，有效保证了光伏组件的固定，保证了屋顶光伏系统抗风性能，避免光伏组件出现翘曲、位移等不良影响；更优的，本发明无需像现有技术那样因穿孔而破坏光伏组件的上表面，避免了因穿孔而出现的漏水现象，同时也避免了光伏组件因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；大大降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，且牢固可靠，屋顶光伏系统抗风性能优越。
进一步优选地，所述卡接部刺穿所述光伏组件的金属框以实现所述卡接部和所述金属框的接触连接。
本技术方案中，通过压块刺穿光伏组件的金属框从而实现金属框、压块和支撑结构的电连接，通过将支撑结构接地设置，从而实现光伏组件边框必须接地的安全要求，从而避免了现有技术中每一光伏组件均要接地，大大降低了屋顶光伏系统的接地复杂度，降低了接地线和紧固材料以及现场施工成本，大大简化了屋顶光伏系统的搭建难度和流程。
进一步优选地，所述侧板靠近所述卡槽一侧的内侧设有卡片；所述卡片与 所述侧板呈角度设置。
本技术方案中，通过卡片进一步加固压块与支撑结构的连接紧固性和牢靠性，大大提高了屋顶光伏系统的抗风性能。
进一步优选地，所述卡片远离所述侧板一侧的端部设有限位部；和/或，所述卡片由所述侧板的一部分朝所述卡槽内弯折形成，所述卡片远离所述侧板一侧的端部靠近所述卡槽的底部设置。
本技术方案中，通过限位部增加了压块与支撑结构连接的紧固性和牢靠性，大大提高了屋顶光伏系统的抗风性能。更优的，将卡片设置为侧板的一部分，从而降低了压块的重量以及结构复杂度，降低了本发明的制造成本和搭建成本。
进一步优选地，所述压片为弹性件；和/或，所述压块设有多个所述压片；和/或，所述侧板对应所述压片的位置设有通孔。
本技术方案中，压片设置成弹性件使得压片与光伏组件的接触变成柔性接触，提高了本发明加工误差与安装误差的容忍度，确保了光伏组件安装的平面度。更优的，通过设置多个压片提高压块压合光伏组件的紧固性和牢靠性。更优的，通过通孔的设置大大降低了压块的重量，节约了压块的制造成本。
本发明还公开了一种屋顶光伏系统，包括：
压块、若干光伏组件和支撑结构；
所述压块包括压板；以及设于所述压板相对两侧的两个侧板；所述两个侧板抵接于所述压板的同一表面；所述压板和所述两个侧板共同围设形成卡槽；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件的压片；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接所述光伏组件的卡接部；所述压片靠近所述卡槽的底部设置，所述卡接部靠近所述卡槽的开口设置；
所述支撑结构沿顺坡向延展并间隔铺设于屋顶，所述光伏组件设置于相邻设置的两个所述支撑结构的第一承托部；所述卡槽卡设于所述支撑结构的中间 支撑部，使得所述压片压合于所述光伏组件的上表面，所述卡接部卡接所述光伏组件。
本技术方案中，通过压块的压片压合光伏组件以及压块的卡接部卡接光伏组件从而实现了光伏组件的固定，加上压块与支撑结构的卡合，从而实现了光伏组件与支撑结构的固定连接，避免了压块通过连接件(如螺丝、螺钉等)穿孔实现光伏组件与支撑结构的连接，避免了连接件处的漏水现象，同时避免了穿孔处因浸入雨水而氧化生锈所引起的光伏组件固定不牢及其后期引起的高维修成本。更优的，压片从光伏组件的上表面实现了光伏组件的压合固定，而卡接部从下方实现了光伏组件的固定，有效保证了光伏组件的固定，保证了屋顶光伏系统抗风性能，避免光伏组件出现翘曲、位移等不良影响；更优的，本发明无需像现有技术那样因穿孔而破坏光伏组件的上表面，避免了因穿孔而出现的漏水现象，同时也避免了光伏组件因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；大大降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，且牢固可靠，屋顶光伏系统抗风性能优越。
进一步优选地，所述侧板靠近所述卡槽一侧的内侧设有卡片；所述卡片与所述侧板呈角度设置；所述支撑结构的截面形状为凸字型结构，包括一体成型的左支撑部、中间支撑部和右支撑部；所述中间支撑部的截面形状为倒U型结构，包括依次连接的第一边、第二边和第三边，且所述第二边形成所述中间支撑部的封闭端；所述第一边和所述第三边的外侧壁设有用于卡设所述卡片的卡片槽；所述左支撑部和所述右支撑部形成所述第一承托部。
本技术方案中，通过卡片进一步加固压块与支撑结构的连接紧固性和牢靠性，大大提高了屋顶光伏系统的抗风性能。更优的，通过将支撑结构的截面结构设置成左右对称，改善了支撑结构的受力情况，提高了设置于支撑结构两侧的光伏组件的稳性性和牢固性。
进一步优选地，还包括导水结构，所述导水结构包括沿顺坡向延展的纵向 导水板，所述纵向导水板于设置于其自身两侧的所述光伏组件的拼接处设有导水槽。
本技术方案中，通过导水结构承接于光伏组件拼接处所漏下的雨水，避免了屋顶光伏系统出现的漏水现象，保证室内干燥性和舒适度。
进一步优选地，所述导水结构还包括沿第一方向延展的横向导水板，第一方向与顺坡向垂直；所述横向导水板设置于相邻设置的两个所述光伏组件的接触处的下方，且所述横向导水板与所述纵向导水板相通；和/或，所述支撑结构为所述纵向导水板。
本技术方案中，横向导水板的设置有效避免了沿第一方向设置的光伏组件之间因此安装缝隙存在而漏水的实现，横向导水板将沿第一方向设置的光伏组件之间的雨水进行收集，进而通过纵向导水板导出，确保屋顶光伏系统无漏水现象。
本技术方案中，通过纵向导水板来承重光伏组件，使得纵向导水板即集水、引流、导水、承重于一体大大简化了本BIPV的搭建结构、步骤、时间，进而简化了搭建过程，保证施工工期，同时降低了搭建成本，大大提高了本BIPV的性价比。
进一步优选地，所述卡接部刺穿所述光伏组件的金属框以实现所述卡接部和所述金属框的接触连接；使得所述金属框、所述压块和所述支撑结构电连接；所述支撑结构接地设置；和/或，所述压片为弹性件；和/或，所述压块设有多个所述压片；和/或，所述侧板对应所述压片的位置设有通孔；和/或，所述光伏组件和所述第一承托部之间设有纵向密封条；和/或，相邻设置的两个所述光伏组件沿第一方向的接触处夹设有横向密封条，第一方向与顺坡向垂直。
本技术方案中，通过压块刺穿光伏组件的金属框从而实现金属框、压块和支撑结构的电连接，通过将支撑结构接地设置，从而实现光伏组件边框必须接地的安全要求，从而避免了现有技术中每一光伏组件均要接地，大大降低了屋 顶光伏系统的接地复杂度，降低了接地线和紧固材料以及现场施工成本，大大简化了屋顶光伏系统的搭建难度和流程。
本技术方案中，压片设置成弹性件使得压片与光伏组件的接触变成柔性接触，提高了本发明加工误差与安装误差的容忍度，确保了光伏组件安装的平面度。更优的，通过设置多个压片提高压块压合光伏组件的紧固性和牢靠性。更优的，通过通孔的设置大大降低了压块的重量，节约了压块的制造成本。更优的，通过设置纵向密封条保证了光伏组件与支撑结构连接的紧固性以及密封性。更优的，通过横向密封条增加了沿第一方向设置的光伏组件间的连接紧密性，提高屋顶光伏系统的密封性，降低屋顶光伏系统的漏水概率。
本发明提供的一种压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统，能够带来以下至少一种
有益效果：
1、本发明中，通过压块的压片压合光伏组件以及压块的卡接部卡接光伏组件从而实现了光伏组件的固定，加上压块与支撑结构的卡合，从而实现了光伏组件与支撑结构的固定连接，避免了压块通过连接件(如螺丝、螺钉等)穿孔实现光伏组件与支撑结构的连接，避免了连接件处的漏水现象，同时避免了穿孔处因浸入雨水而氧化生锈所引起的光伏组件固定不牢及其后期引起的高维修成本。更优的，压片从光伏组件的上表面实现了光伏组件的压合固定，而卡接部从下方实现了光伏组件的固定，有效保证了光伏组件的固定，保证了屋顶光伏系统抗风性能，避免光伏组件出现翘曲、位移等不良影响；更优的，本发明无需像现有技术那样因穿孔而破坏光伏组件的上表面，避免了因穿孔而出现的漏水现象，同时也避免了光伏组件因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；大大降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，且牢固可靠，屋顶光伏系统抗风性能优越。
2、本发明中，通过压块刺穿光伏组件的金属框从而实现金属框、压块和支撑结构的电连接，通过将支撑结构接地设置，从而实现光伏组件边框必须接 地的安全要求，从而避免了现有技术中每一光伏组件均要接地，大大降低了屋顶光伏系统的接地复杂度，降低了接地线和紧固材料以及现场施工成本，大大简化了屋顶光伏系统的搭建难度和流程。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对压块及包含其的屋顶光伏系统的上述特性、技术特征、优点及其实现方式予以进一步说明。
图1是本发明的压块的第一种实施例结构示意图；
图2是本发明的压块的第二种实施例结构示意图；
图3是本发明的屋顶光伏系统的第一种实施例结构示意图；
图4是本发明的屋顶光伏系统的第二种实施例结构示意图；
图5是本发明的屋顶光伏系统的第三种实施例结构示意图；
图6是本发明的屋顶光伏系统的第四种实施例结构示意图；
图7是本发明的纵向导水板的第一种实施例结构示意图；
图8是图7的剖面图结构示意图；
图9是本发明的纵向导水板的第二种实施例结构示意图；
图10是图9的剖面图结构示意图；
图11是纵向密封条的一种实施例结构示意图；
图12是本发明的横向导水板的一种实施例结构示意图；
图13是图12的剖面图结构示意图；
图14是本发明的横向密封条的一种实施例结构示意图；
图15是图14的剖面图结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
1.压块，11.压板，12.侧板，121.通孔，13.卡槽，14.压片，15.卡接部，16.卡片，161.限位部，2.光伏组件，21.光伏板，22.金属框，3.导水结构，31.纵向 导水板，311.纵向密封条，3111.锯齿面，3112.接触面，316.左支撑部，3161.第四边，3162.第五边，3163.第六边，3164.第二延展边，317.中间支撑部，3171.第一边，31711.卡片槽，3172.第二边，3173.第三边，3174.第一延展边，318.右支撑部，32.横向导水板，321.横向密封条，3211.第一直边，3212.第二直边，3213.倒刺，3214.通道，322.底面，323.第一侧壁，324.第二侧壁，325.第一卡边，326.第二卡边，327.第一引流边，328.第二引流边。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。
为使图面简洁，各图中的只示意性地表示出了与本发明相关的部分，它们并不代表其作为产品的实际结构。另外，以使图面简洁便于理解，在有些图中具有相同结构或功能的部件，仅示意性地绘示了其中的一个，或仅标出了其中的一个。在本文中，“一个”不仅表示“仅此一个”，也可以表示“多于一个”的情形。
在本文中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在实施例一中，如图1和2所示，一种压块，包括：压板11；以及设于压板11相对两侧的两个侧板12；两个侧板12抵接于压板11的同一表面；压板11和两个侧板12共同围设形成卡槽13；侧板12远离卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有 用于压合光伏组件2的压片14；侧板12远离卡槽13一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接光伏组件2的卡接部15；压片14靠近卡槽13的底部设置，卡接部15靠近卡槽13的开口设置。在实际应用中，压块1的压片14压合光伏组件2以及压块1的卡接部15卡接光伏组件2从而实现了光伏组件2的固定，加上压块1与支撑结构的卡合，从而实现了光伏组件2与支撑结构的固定连接，避免了压块1通过连接件(如螺丝、螺钉等)穿孔实现光伏组件2与支撑结构的连接，避免了连接件处的漏水现象，同时避免了穿孔处因浸入雨水而氧化生锈所引起的光伏组件2固定不牢及其后期引起的高维修成本。压片14从光伏组件2的上表面实现了光伏组件2的压合固定，而卡接部15从下方实现了光伏组件2的固定，有效保证了光伏组件2的固定，保证了屋顶光伏系统抗风性能，避免光伏组件2出现翘曲、位移等不良影响；更优的，本发明无需像现有技术那样因穿孔而破坏光伏组件2的上表面，避免了因穿孔而出现的漏水现象，同时也避免了光伏组件2因穿孔而本身因进雨水而出现故障的现象；大大降低了本发明的搭建成本和后期维护成本，且牢固可靠，屋顶光伏系统抗风性能优越。
在实施例二中，如图1和2所示，在实施例一的基础上，卡接部15刺穿光伏组件2的金属框22以实现卡接部15和金属框22的接触连接。在实际应用中，由于光伏组件2的金属框22需要接地，提高屋顶光伏系统的安全性，但每一光伏组件2均需要接地，就导致了屋顶光伏系统接地非常繁琐且复杂，不利于施工进程，本发明创造性地利用压块1刺穿金属框22以实现压块1与金属框22的接触连接，由于压块1是卡合在用于承托光伏组件2的支撑结构(如纵向导水板31或承托板)上的，因此，将压块1作为导体，导通金属框22与支撑结构，从而实现金属框22、压块1和支撑结构的电连接，通过将支撑结构进行接地，便可实现光伏组件2的接地安全设置，由于支撑结构的数量远远小于光伏组件2，因此，大大简化了光伏组件2接地的安装和实施繁琐度和难度。值得说明的是，压块1只需实现金属框22与支撑结构的电连接即可 (即接地连接)，压块1可整体为金属部件或部分为金属部件。优选地，卡接部15为侧板12的一部分朝远离卡槽13一侧的方向翻折形成，使得卡接部15与侧板12呈角度设置。优选地，卡接部15远离侧板12一侧的末端为尖端或设有刺角(刺角朝向远离卡槽13的方向设置)。在实际应用中，卡接部15可只设置于第一侧板或第二侧板，也可均设置于第一侧板和第二侧板，具体根据实际应用设置。
优选地，压片14为弹性件，压片14可为塑料压片或者金属压片。优选地，压块1具有一定的弹性回复力，从而便于压紧光伏组件2。优选地，压片14优选延展至光伏组件2的光伏板21上，通过加大压片14与光伏组件2的接触面积，保证光伏组件2固定于屋顶的稳定性和牢固性。优选地，压片14可与卡槽13的延展方向垂直或呈角度设置。且压片14优选分设于压板11的两侧，即第一侧板和第二侧板的外侧壁均设压片14。值得说明的是，当第一侧板和第二侧板的靠近卡槽13的底部的端面与压板11的上表面齐平时，则压片14设置于侧板12上，当第一侧板和第二侧板的靠近卡槽13的底部的端面与压板11的下表面齐平(对接)时，则压片14可设置于侧板12或压板11上均可，但应均属于本发明的保护范围。优选地，压片14远离卡槽13一侧的表面设有加强筋。
在实施例三中，如图1和2所示，在实施例一或二的基础上，侧板12靠近卡槽13一侧的内侧设有卡片16；卡片16与侧板12呈角度设置。在卡槽13卡住支撑结构的基础上，进一步通过卡片16对支撑结构进行卡紧，从而保证了压块1与支撑结构的连接紧固性和牢靠性。优选地，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部设有限位部161，使得卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部为树杈型，增加了卡片16卡设支撑结构的牢固性。优选地，卡片16由侧板12的一部分朝卡槽13内弯折形成，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部靠近卡槽13的底部设置。优选地，卡片16为具有弹性记忆的材料制成，从而增加卡片16与支撑结构连 接的稳定性和牢固性。优选地，侧板12对应压片14的位置设有通孔121。优选地，一个以上的卡接部15设于压片14的正下方。在实际应用中，卡片16、压片14、卡接部15、通孔121的数量以及位置可根据实际需要进行设置。优选地，卡片16远离卡槽13一侧的表面设有加强筋。
在实施例四中，如图1-15所示，一种屋顶光伏系统，包括：压块1、若干光伏组件2和支撑结构；压块1包括压板11；以及设于压板11相对两侧的两个侧板12；两个侧板12抵接于压板11的同一表面；压板11和两个侧板12共同围设形成卡槽13；侧板12远离卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件2的压片14；侧板12远离卡槽13一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接光伏组件2的卡接部15；压片14靠近卡槽13的底部设置，卡接部15靠近卡槽13的开口设置；支撑结构沿顺坡向延展并间隔铺设于屋顶，光伏组件2设置于相邻设置的两个支撑结构的第一承托部；卡槽13卡设于支撑结构的中间支撑部317，使得压片14压合于光伏组件2的上表面，卡接部15卡接光伏组件2。
在实施例五中，如图1-15所示，在实施例四的基础上，卡接部15刺穿光伏组件2的金属框22以实现卡接部15和金属框22的接触连接；使得金属框22、压块1和支撑结构电连接；支撑结构接地设置。在实际应用中，由于光伏组件2的金属框22需要接地，提高屋顶光伏系统的安全性，但每一光伏组件2均需要接地，就导致了屋顶光伏系统接地非常繁琐且复杂，不利于施工进程，本发明创造性地利用压块1刺穿金属框22以实现压块1与金属框22的接触连接，由于压块1是卡合在用于承托光伏组件2的支撑结构上的，因此，将压块1作为导体，导通金属框22与支撑结构，从而实现金属框22、压块1和支撑结构的电连接，通过将支撑结构进行接地，便可实现光伏组件2的接地安全设置，由于支撑结构的数量远远小于光伏组件2，因此，大大简化了光伏组件2接地的安装和实施繁琐度和难度。值得说明的是，压块1只需实现金属框22与支撑结构的电连接即可(即接地连接)，压块1可整体为金属部件或部分为 金属部件。优选地，卡接部15为侧板12的一部分朝远离卡槽13一侧的方向翻折形成，使得卡接部15与侧板12呈角度设置。优选地，卡接部15远离侧板12一侧的末端为尖端或设有刺角(刺角朝向远离卡槽13的方向设置)。在实际应用中，卡接部15可只设置于第一侧板或第二侧板，也可均设置于第一侧板和第二侧板，具体根据实际应用设置。
优选地，压片14为弹性件，压片14可为塑料压片或者金属压片均可。优选地，压块1具有一定的弹性回复力，从而便于压紧光伏组件2。优选地，压片14优选延展至光伏组件2的光伏板21上，通过加大压片14与光伏组件2的接触面积，保证光伏组件2固定于屋顶的稳定性和牢固性。优选地，压片14可与卡槽13的延展方向垂直或呈角度设置。且压片14优选分设于压板11的两侧，即第一侧板和第二侧板的外侧壁均设压片14。值得说明的是，当第一侧板和第二侧板的靠近卡槽13的底部的端面与压板11的上表面齐平时，则压片14设置于侧板12上，当第一侧板和第二侧板的靠近卡槽13的底部的端面与压板11的下表面齐平(对接)时，则压片14可设置于侧板12或压板11上均可，但应均属于本发明的保护范围。优选地，压片14远离卡槽13一侧的表面设有加强筋。优选地，压片14靠近光伏组件2一侧的表面设有凹槽，避免压片14与光伏组件2之间出现气泡现象，保证了压片14与光伏组件2之间的贴合度，提高压片14与光伏组件2的连接牢固性。
在实施例六中，如图1和2所示，在实施例四或五的基础上，侧板12靠近卡槽13一侧的内侧设有卡片16；卡片16与侧板12呈角度设置。在卡槽13卡住支撑结构的基础上，进一步通过卡片16对支撑结构进行卡紧，从而保证了压块1与支撑结构的连接紧固性和牢靠性。优选地，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部设有限位部161，使得卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部为树杈型，增加了卡片16卡设支撑结构的牢固性。优选地，卡片16由侧板12的一部分朝卡槽13内弯折形成，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部靠近卡槽13的底部设置。 优选地，卡片16为具有弹性记忆的材料制成，从而增加卡片16与支撑结构连接的稳定性和牢固性。优选地，侧板12对应压片14的位置设有通孔121。优选地，一个以上的卡接部15设于压片14的正下方。在实际应用中，卡片16、压片14、卡接部15、通孔121的数量以及位置可根据实际需要进行设置。优选地，卡片16远离卡槽13一侧的表面设有加强筋。
在实施例七中，如图1-15所示，在实施例四、五或六的基础上，支撑结构的截面形状为凸字型结构，包括一体成型的左支撑部316、中间支撑部317和右支撑部318；中间支撑部317的截面形状为倒U型结构，包括依次连接的第一边3171、第二边3172和第三边3173，且第二边3172形成中间支撑部317的封闭端；左支撑部316和右支撑部318形成第一承托部。优选地，第一边3171和第三边3173的外侧壁设有用于卡设卡片16的卡片槽31711。优选地，卡片槽31711由第一边3171和第三边3173内凹形成，使得倒U型结构靠近封闭端一侧变成一T型结构，而倒U型结构远离封闭端一侧变成变径管状结构，其小径端靠近Y型结构设置。这样，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部可卡接于T型结构的两个拐角处，优选地，T型结构的横向结构的末端设有圆心朝向变径管状结构一侧的倒角，从而实现限位部161与该倒角的卡设，避免压块1于支撑结构脱落。
在实施例八中，如图1-15所示，在实施例四、五、六或七的基础上，还包括导水结构3，导水结构3包括铺设于支撑结构的下方的纵向导水板31，使得设置于支撑结构两侧的光伏组件2的拼接处位于导水结构3的导水槽的上方。优选地，导水结构3还包括沿第一方向延展的横向导水板32，第一方向与顺坡向垂直；横向导水板32设置于相邻设置的两个光伏组件2的接触处的下方，且横向导水板32与纵向导水板31相通。优选地，相邻设置的两个光伏组件2沿第一方向的接触处夹设有横向密封条321；优选地，如图14和15所示，横向密封条321为T型结构，包括相互垂直的第一直边3211和第二直边3212， 且在实际应用中，第一直边3211突起于光伏组件2的上表面，而第二直边3212夹设于相邻设置的两个光伏组件2之间；进一步优选地，第二直边3212为中空结构，即第二直边3212沿顺坡向设有通道3214，而第二直边3212沿第一方向设置的两个外侧壁开有倒刺3213。倒刺3213的存在可以降低光伏组件2接触处的间隙，并使雨水尽可能的于光伏组件2的上表面流动，从而降低本BIPV的渗水、漏水概率，进而降低横向导水板32的型材大小，降低成本；而通道3214的设置提高相邻光伏组件2的密封贴合，进而降低两者的接触处的间隙。
在实施例九中，如图1-15所示，在实施例四、五、六、七或八的基础上，光伏组件2和第一承托部之间设有纵向密封条311；优选地，纵向密封条311靠近光伏组件2一侧的表面为锯齿面3111，而靠近第一承托部一侧的表面为平整的接触面3112，优选地，接触面3112设有背胶，使得在实际安装纵向密封条311时，纵向密封条311可通过背胶直接粘结于第一承托部处，避免光伏组件2安装过程中发生纵向密封条311脱落的不良现象，从而提高屋顶的搭建效率。为了降低支撑结构和导水结构3占用屋顶的高度方向的空间，支撑结构优选地为纵向导水板31。优选地，纵向导水板31的截面形状为W型结构，包括一体成型的左支撑部316、中间支撑部317和右支撑部318；左支撑部316和右支撑部318均为槽状结构并构成导水槽；中间支撑部317的截面形状为倒U型结构，包括依次连接的第一边3171、第二边3172和第三边3173，且第二边3172形成中间支撑部317的封闭端；第一边3171和第三边3173沿第一方向分别朝外延展有第一延展边3174，第一延展边3174形成第一承托部。优选地，第一边3171和第三边3173设有卡片槽31711，优选地，卡片槽31711由第一边3171和第三边3173内凹形成，使得倒U型结构靠近封闭端一侧变成一T型结构，而倒U型结构远离封闭端一侧变成变径管状结构，其小径端靠近Y型结构设置。这样，卡片16远离侧板12一侧的端部可卡接于T型结构的两个拐角处，优选地，T型结构的横向结构的末端设有圆心朝向变径管状结构一侧的 倒角，从而实现限位部161与该倒角的卡设，避免压块1于支撑结构脱落。在实际应用中，中间支撑部317的截面形状也可为实心构造，只是这样会浪费纵向导水板31的材料而已，但也应属于本申请的保护范围。优选地，左侧支撑部和右支撑部318的截面形状均为U型槽结构，包括依次连接的第四边3161、第五边3162和第六边3163；且第五边3162形成封闭端，第六边3163靠近中间支撑部317设置；第四边3161沿第一方向朝外延展有第二延展边3164，第二延展边3164形成用于承托横向导水板32的第二承托部。当然，导水槽的截面形状也可为V型等其他形状均可。
在实际应用中，由于多个纵向导水板31沿第一方向依次间隔布置于屋顶檩条之上，而光伏组件2承托于沿第一方向相邻设置的两个纵向导水板31的第一承托部，即光伏组件2左侧的侧壁承托于左侧纵向导水板31的右侧的第一承托部；光伏组件2右侧的侧壁承托于右侧纵向导水板31的左侧的第一承托部；而横向导水板32则放置沿第一方向相邻设置的两个纵向导水板31的第二承托部，即横向导水板32左侧的端部承托于左侧纵向导水板31的右侧的第二承托部；横向导水板32右侧的端部承托于左侧纵向导水板31的左侧的第二承托部；使得横向导水板32内雨水可流向纵向导水板31，从而实现相邻光伏组件2间的接触处的雨水的排放。
在实施例十中，如图1-15所示，在实施例八或九的基础上，横向导水板32的截面形状为U型结构，包括第一侧壁323、底面322和第二侧壁324，底面322形成横向导水板32的封闭端；横向导水板32的开口端朝向光伏组件2设置；底面322沿第一方向设置的两端分别朝下延展有第一卡边325和第二卡边326，使得横向导水板32卡设于相邻设置的两个纵向导水板31，横向导水板32与纵向导水板31相通。在实际安装过程中，位于横向导水板32的右侧的第一卡边325卡在位于右侧的纵向导水板31的第二承托部的内壁；位于横向导水板32的左侧的第二卡边326卡在位于左侧的纵向导水板31的第二承托 部的内壁；优选地，第一侧壁323远离底面322的端部朝外延展有第一引流边327；第二侧壁324远离底面322的端部朝外延展有第二引流边328；优选地，底面322的中心线与相邻两个光伏组件2的接触处对应，即横向导水板32位于相邻两个光伏组件2的接触处的正下方。优选地，第一承托部的高度大于第二承托部的高度，使得横向导水板32的底面322与光伏组件2的下表面之间留有间隙，便于雨水的引流与光伏组件2的安装，且横向导流板不参与光伏组件2的支撑。
应当说明的是，上述实施例均可根据需要自由组合。以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种压块，其特征在于，包括：
    压板；以及设于所述压板相对两侧的两个侧板；所述两个侧板抵接于所述压板的同一表面；所述压板和所述两个侧板共同围设形成卡槽；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件的压片；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接所述光伏组件的卡接部；所述压片靠近所述卡槽的底部设置，所述卡接部靠近所述卡槽的开口设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的压块，其特征在于：
    所述卡接部刺穿所述光伏组件的金属框以实现所述卡接部和所述金属框的接触连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的压块，其特征在于：
    所述侧板靠近所述卡槽一侧的内侧设有卡片；
    所述卡片与所述侧板呈角度设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的压块，其特征在于：
    所述卡片远离所述侧板一侧的端部设有限位部；和/或，
    所述卡片由所述侧板的一部分朝所述卡槽内弯折形成，所述卡片远离所述侧板一侧的端部靠近所述卡槽的底部设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的压块，其特征在于：
    所述压片为弹性件；和/或，
    所述压块设有多个所述压片；和/或，
    所述侧板对应所述压片的位置设有通孔。
  6. 一种屋顶光伏系统，其特征在于：
    压块、若干光伏组件和支撑结构；
    所述压块包括压板；以及设于所述压板相对两侧的两个侧板；所述两个侧板抵接于所述压板的同一表面；所述压板和所述两个侧板共同围设形成卡槽；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于压合光伏组件的压片；所述侧板远离所述卡槽一侧的外侧壁设有用于卡接所述光伏组件的卡接部；所述压片靠近所述卡槽的底部设置，所述卡接部靠近所述卡槽的开口设置；
    所述支撑结构沿顺坡向延展并间隔铺设于屋顶，所述光伏组件设置于相邻设置的两个所述支撑结构的第一承托部；所述卡槽卡设于所述支撑结构的中间支撑部，使得所述压片压合于所述光伏组件的上表面，所述卡接部卡接所述光伏组件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的屋顶光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述侧板靠近所述卡槽一侧的内侧设有卡片；所述卡片与所述侧板呈角度设置；
    所述支撑结构的截面形状为凸字型结构，包括一体成型的左支撑部、中间支撑部和右支撑部；所述中间支撑部的截面形状为倒U型结构，包括依次连接的第一边、第二边和第三边，且所述第二边形成所述中间支撑部的封闭端；所述第一边和所述第三边的外侧壁设有用于卡设所述卡片的卡片槽；所述左支撑部和所述右支撑部形成所述第一承托部。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的屋顶光伏系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    导水结构，所述导水结构包括沿顺坡向延展的纵向导水板，所述纵向导水板于设置于其自身两侧的所述光伏组件的拼接处设有导水槽。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的屋顶光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述导水结构还包括沿第一方向延展的横向导水板，第一方向与顺坡向垂直；所述横向导水板设置于相邻设置的两个所述光伏组件的接触处的下方，且所述横向导水板与所述纵向导水板相通；和/或，
    所述支撑结构为所述纵向导水板。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9任意一项所述的屋顶光伏系统，其特征在于：
    所述卡接部刺穿所述光伏组件的金属框以实现所述卡接部和所述金属框的接触连接；使得所述金属框、所述压块和所述支撑结构电连接；所述支撑结构接地设置；和/或，
    所述压片为弹性件；和/或，
    所述压块设有多个所述压片；和/或，
    所述侧板对应所述压片的位置设有通孔；和/或，
    所述光伏组件和所述第一承托部之间设有纵向密封条；和/或，
    相邻设置的两个所述光伏组件沿第一方向的接触处夹设有横向密封条，第一方向与顺坡向垂直。
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