WO2020220409A1

WO2020220409A1 - Integrated treatment system for domestic garbage

Info

Publication number: WO2020220409A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/087962
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陶文亮; 王琬; 李龙江
Original assignee: 贵州民族大学
Priority date: 2019-04-30
Filing date: 2019-05-22
Publication date: 2020-11-05
Also published as: CN110143717A

Abstract

Disclosed is an integrated treatment system, comprising: a biochemical reaction device (100) suitable for performing biochemical reaction treatment on domestic garbage to obtain waste gas, waste residue and waste liquid, wherein the waste gas and the waste residue are discharged separately; and a waste liquid treatment unit (200) communicated with the biochemical reaction device (100) and suitable for treating the waste liquid. The integrated treatment system can not only achieve the integrated treatment on biochemical wastes, but also ensure the treated exhaust gas, waste residue, and waste liquid to satisfy the discharge standards.

Description

An integrated treatment system for domestic garbage

Technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of domestic garbage treatment, in particular to an integrated treatment system.

Background technique

With the development of my country's urbanization and national economy, more and more garbage and sewage are discharged in the lives of urban and rural residents, which seriously affects the living environment of residents. At present, most of the methods for processing garbage and sewage discharged by urban and rural residents are treated separately. Among them, solid garbage is usually collected, transported, concentrated in a landfill, or directly incinerated; for liquid garbage (sewage), It is through the construction of a sewage collection pipe network system to divert sewage to the sewage treatment plant for treatment. For this kind of treatment method, whether it is the transportation of solid waste or the construction of a sewage treatment plant, it takes a lot of manpower and huge funds.

In addition, for the rural living environment, due to the large number of mountains in some rural areas in my country and the scattered households, it is inevitable that various solid wastes such as kitchen waste, human (animal) excrement, biomass, and domestic sewage will be scattered and discharged. Affected by the rural environment and geographical factors, it is difficult to realize the collection and transportation of solid waste or the construction of sewage treatment plants. Moreover, the separate treatment of solid waste and sewage is a relatively complicated process in itself. If the rural domestic garbage cannot be treated collectively, it will not only affect the rural living environment, but also the organic matter in the garbage can easily breed pathogens, which will inevitably have a certain impact on the health of local people.

Summary of the invention

To this end, the present invention provides an integrated processing system to solve or at least alleviate the above problems.

According to one aspect of the present invention, an integrated treatment system is provided, including: a biochemical reaction device, suitable for biochemical reaction treatment of domestic garbage to obtain waste gas, waste residue and waste liquid, wherein the waste gas and waste residue are discharged separately; and waste liquid treatment The unit is connected with the biochemical reaction device and is suitable for processing the waste liquid.

Optionally, the integrated processing system according to the present invention further includes: a stirring device, and the predetermined part of the domestic waste is suitable for being stirred by the stirring device and then introduced into the biochemical reaction device.

Optionally, the integrated processing system according to the present invention further includes: a biological purification device connected to the waste liquid processing unit and adapted to further filter the waste liquid processed by the waste liquid processing unit and then discharge it.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the waste liquid treatment unit includes: an oil-separating acidification tank, which is connected to the biochemical reaction device and is suitable for introducing the waste liquid in the biochemical reaction device, The waste liquid is adjusted; the first biofilm aeration tank is connected to the oil separation and acidification tank to treat the waste liquid adjusted by the oil separation and acidification tank; the second biofilm aeration tank is connected to the first The biofilm aeration tank is connected to treat the waste liquid treated by the first biofilm aeration tank; and the sedimentation tank is respectively connected to the second biofilm aeration tank and the biological purification device, the sedimentation tank The waste liquid treated by the second biofilm aeration tank is processed and then separated into sludge and sewage, and the sewage is suitable for being introduced into the biological purification device for further purification.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the waste liquid treatment unit further includes: a valve arranged between the sedimentation tank and the biological purification device; wherein the sewage in the sedimentation tank is suitable for flowing into the The valve is described for sampling and testing; if the sewage meets the standard, it is directly discharged through the valve; if the sewage does not meet the standard, it is introduced into the biological purification device for further purification.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the oil separation acidification tank is suitable for adjusting the oil content and/or PH value of the waste liquid.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the oil separation acidification tank is adapted to add organic matter according to the water quality of the introduced waste liquid.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the organic matter includes a flocculant and/or a bactericide.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the aeration rate of the first biofilm aeration tank is 2-6L/min; the aeration rate of the second biofilm aeration tank is 0~ 4L/min.

Optionally, in the integrated treatment system according to the present invention, the biological purification device is filled with ceramsite and/or activated carbon.

According to the technical solution of the present invention, an integrated processing system is provided, including a biochemical reaction device, a waste liquid processing unit, and a biological purification device connected in sequence. By splitting the domestic garbage to the biochemical reaction device for biochemical reaction treatment, the waste gas and waste residue obtained after the biochemical reaction treatment can reach the standard discharge, and the waste liquid enters the waste liquid treatment unit for purification treatment. Furthermore, the present invention also performs sampling and testing on the waste liquid processed by the waste liquid treatment unit, and if the test meets the standard, it can be directly discharged. If the test does not meet the standard, the waste liquid is continuously introduced into the biological purification device for further purification and discharged. Therefore, the integrated treatment system of the present invention can not only realize the integrated treatment of biochemical waste, but also ensure that the treated exhaust gas, waste residue, and waste liquid are discharged up to the standard.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable. In the following, specific embodiments of the present invention are specifically cited.

Description of the drawings

In order to achieve the above and related purposes, this article describes certain illustrative aspects in conjunction with the following description and drawings. These aspects indicate various ways in which the principles disclosed herein can be practiced, and all aspects and their equivalents are intended to be Into the scope of the claimed subject matter. By reading the following detailed description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above and other objectives, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent. Throughout this disclosure, the same reference numerals generally refer to the same parts or elements.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of an integrated processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

As mentioned above, in the prior art, the garbage disposal equipment for rural environments has more or less certain functional defects during use. Therefore, the present invention proposes an integrated processing system 300 with more optimized performance. FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of the integrated processing system 300 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the integrated processing system 300 includes a biochemical reaction device 100, a waste liquid processing unit 200 and a biological purification device 250. The biochemical reaction device 100, the waste liquid treatment unit 200, and the biological purification device 250 are connected in sequence through a pipeline.

The domestic waste discharged in the rural environment includes domestic sewage, kitchen waste, human (animal) excrement, biomass, etc., and these domestic wastes can be diverted and transported to the biochemical reaction device 100 for biochemical reaction treatment.

In addition, the integrated processing system 300 further includes a stirring device 310, and a predetermined part of the domestic waste is stirred by the stirring device 310 and then introduced into the biochemical reaction device 100 for biochemical reaction treatment. Specifically, the predetermined part of the domestic waste includes solid waste such as biomass and food waste. In other words, before entering the biochemical reaction device 100, solid wastes such as biomass and food waste are transported to the stirring device 310 for agitation and crushing, and then introduced into the biochemical reaction device 100 to be mixed with domestic sewage and human (animal) excrement. Wait for the garbage to be mixed, and perform the biochemical reaction treatment in the biochemical reaction device 100.

After the biochemical reaction device 100 performs the biochemical reaction treatment on the above-mentioned biochemical waste, waste gas, waste residue and waste liquid are obtained, and the waste gas and waste residue can be directly discharged in separate streams. The waste liquid is suitable for being introduced into the waste liquid processing unit 200 and subjected to purification treatment in the waste liquid processing unit 200. Furthermore, the waste liquid processed by the waste liquid processing unit 200 can also be introduced into the biological purification device 250 and further filtered by the biological purification device 250 before being discharged. According to one embodiment, the biological purification device 250 is filled with ceramsite and/or activated carbon, so that sewage can be filtered, but the present invention is not limited to the specific filtering method of the biological purification device 250.

It should be noted that the organic matter, potassium, sodium, calcium, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of the waste residue obtained after treatment by the above-mentioned biochemical reaction device 100 meets the "Agricultural Microbial Product Marking Requirements (NY885-2004)", which can meet the emission standards; The water quality after purification treatment by the waste liquid treatment unit 200 and the biological purification device 250 meets the secondary standard of "Urban Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standard (GB18918-2002)", thus reaching the standard discharge. In addition, the main component of the exhaust gas obtained after the above-mentioned biochemical reaction device 100 is methane, which can be reused.

Further, the biochemical reaction device 100 is suitable for adding ingredients. The ingredients include reactants such as raw materials, inoculums, bacterial species, and enzymes, but are not limited thereto. In this way, the domestic waste transported to the biochemical reaction device 100 will be mixed with ingredients, thereby performing a biochemical reaction in the biochemical reaction device 100, and after the reaction, exhaust gas, waste residue and waste liquid to be further processed are obtained.

According to one embodiment, the waste liquid treatment unit 200 includes an oil separation and acidification tank 210, a first biofilm aeration tank 220, a second biofilm aeration tank 230, and a sedimentation tank 240, which are sequentially connected by a pipeline.

Wherein, the oil separation acidification tank 210 is connected to the biochemical reaction device 100, so that the waste liquid after the biochemical reaction device 100 is divided can be introduced into the oil separation acidification tank 210, and the oil content and/or oil content of the waste liquid can be determined by the oil separation acidification tank 210 PH value adjustment treatment makes the oil content and PH value of the waste liquid meet the emission standards. In addition, the oil separation acidification tank 210 is also suitable for adding organic matter according to the water quality of the introduced waste liquid, so as to precipitate and sterilize the waste liquid in the oil separation acidification tank 210. Optionally, the organic matter includes a flocculant and/or a bactericide, and the flocculant may be polyacrylamide, but is not limited thereto. According to one embodiment, the oil-separating acidification tank 210 includes an oil-water separator (not shown in the figure), and the waste liquid is subjected to oil-separation treatment through the oil-water separator. The oil-water separator can use the difference in the specific gravity of the suspended solids in the waste liquid and the water to achieve the purpose of oil-water separation.

Further, the first biofilm aeration tank 220 is connected to the oil separation acidification tank 210, and the waste liquid after conditioning and treatment by the oil separation acidification tank 210 continues to be introduced into the first biofilm aeration tank 220 for processing. The second biofilm aeration tank 230 is connected to the first biofilm aeration tank 112, and the waste liquid processed by the first biofilm aeration tank 220 is continuously introduced into the second biofilm aeration tank 230 for processing. The sedimentation tank 240 is respectively connected with the second biofilm aeration tank 230 and the biological purification device 250, and the waste liquid processed by the second biofilm aeration tank 230 is continuously introduced into the sedimentation tank 240 for precipitation treatment. Here, the sedimentation tank 240 separates the waste liquid into sludge and sewage after sedimentation, and the sludge can be directly discharged in compliance with the standard. The sewage can be continuously introduced into the biological purification device 250 for further purification and then discharged.

It should be noted that if the sewage treated by the sedimentation tank 240 of the waste liquid treatment unit 200 meets the secondary standard of the Comprehensive Discharge Standard for Urban Wastewater (GB18918-2002), it can be discharged directly without introducing a biological purification device 250 further purification.

According to an embodiment, the waste liquid treatment unit 200 further includes a valve 245 arranged on the pipeline between the sedimentation tank 240 and the biological purification device 250. The sewage in the sedimentation tank 240 is suitable for flowing into the valve 245, and the sewage is sampled and tested at the valve 245, and whether the sewage is discharged is determined according to the test result. If the sewage test meets the standard, it can be directly discharged through the pipeline connected to the valve 245 without introducing it into the biological purification device 250 for further purification; if the sewage test does not meet the standard, the sewage is introduced into the biological purification device 250 connected with the valve 245, The biological purification device 250 further filters and purifies the sewage and discharges it.

According to one embodiment, the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230 use the activated sludge method for sewage treatment, and a certain sewage retention time is provided in the tank to meet the amount of oxygen and sewage required by aerobic microorganisms. The mixing conditions are fully contacted with activated sludge, so that the organic matter in the waste liquid is decomposed by microorganisms to purify the waste liquid. Among them, the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230 is 25-40 h, and the sludge is guaranteed to be discharged once a week. In this way, the waste liquid treated by the oil separation acidification tank 210 sequentially undergoes biochemical reactions through the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230, and the organic matter in the waste liquid is gradually decomposed through microbial metabolism to realize the treatment of waste Liquid purification treatment.

Specifically, the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230 are respectively provided with aeration heads, and the aeration heads are suitable for dissolving oxygen in the air in water to generate dissolved oxygen and maintain a certain level of water in the water. The dissolved oxygen concentration can provide oxygen for microbial metabolism (oxidation reaction) to decompose organic matter, so that the microorganism can more fully degrade the organic matter in the waste liquid.

Optionally, the aeration volume of the aeration head in the first biofilm aeration tank 220 is 2-6L/min; the aeration volume of the aeration head in the second biofilm aeration tank 230 is 0-4L/min min. Here, the present invention does not specifically limit the aeration volume in the two biofilm aeration tanks, and those skilled in the art can set it by themselves according to specific conditions.

In addition, the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230 have an automatic temperature control function. By reasonably controlling the temperature in the biofilm aeration tank, a stable and favorable reaction temperature is provided for microorganisms to decompose organic matter, so as to The waste liquid is more stable and fully purified. Optionally, the temperature of the first biofilm aeration tank 220 and the second biofilm aeration tank 230 is controlled between 10°C and 35°C.

Through the integrated treatment system of the present invention, the centralized and comprehensive treatment of various types of domestic garbage in rural areas can be realized, and the exhaust gas, waste residue and waste liquid can be discharged after reaching the standard.

The following are specific examples:

It is known that a farmer produces 1.5m ^{3 of} domestic sewage, 5Kg of kitchen waste, 3Kg of human (livestock) excrement, and 1Kg of straw every day. By detecting the initial average value of various parameters in the water quality of the influent, and the The index values of various parameters of the discharged water quality treated by the integrated treatment system are shown in Table 1. Here, the influent water quality is the water quality delivered to the mixing and separating device 310.

Table 1

序号Serial number	项目project	进水水质平均值Average influent water quality	排放水质指标值Discharged water quality index value
11	CODcrCODcr	≤800(mg/L)≤800(mg/L)	60(mg/L)60(mg/L)

22	BOD ₅ BOD ₅	≤600(mg/L)≤600(mg/L)	30(mg/L)30(mg/L)
33	NH ₃-N NH ₃ -N	≤80(mg/L)≤80(mg/L)	25(mg/L)25(mg/L)
44	SSSS	≤300(mg/L)≤300(mg/L)	30(mg/L)30(mg/L)
55	石油类Petro	≤100(mg/L)≤100(mg/L)	5(mg/L)5(mg/L)
66	pHpH	7-8(mg/L)7-8(mg/L)	6-9(mg/L)6-9(mg/L)
77	油脂grease	≤300(mg/L)≤300(mg/L)	5(mg/L)5(mg/L)
88	总磷Total phosphorus	≤18(mg/L)≤18(mg/L)	3(mg/L)3(mg/L)
99	阴离子表面活性剂Anionic Surfactant	≤20(mg/L)≤20(mg/L)	2(mg/L)2(mg/L)
1010	大肠菌群Coliform	≤36x10 ¹²(个/L) ≤36x10 ¹² (pcs/L)	10 ⁴(个/L) 10 ⁴ (pcs/L)
1111	色度(稀释倍数法)Chroma (dilution multiple method)	To	4040

According to one embodiment, in the process of detecting the quality of the discharged water, the chromaticity of the discharged water quality is detected by the dilution factor method, and the measured chromaticity of the discharged water quality is 40. In the process of testing the quality of the influent water, it is not necessary to test its chromaticity. Therefore, the chromaticity of the influent water quality is not given in Table 1.

It should be pointed out that the quality of the discharged water after being treated by the integrated treatment system of the present invention, its various parameter index values (see Table 1) can reach or be better than the second level of the "Urban Wastewater Comprehensive Secondary Discharge Standard (GB18918-2002)" Claim.

In the description of this specification, the terms "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense unless otherwise clearly defined and limited. In addition, the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for ease of description The present invention and simplified description do not indicate or imply that the device or unit referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in the present invention In at least one embodiment or example. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above-mentioned terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the instructions provided here, a lot of specific details are explained. However, it can be understood that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and technologies are not shown in detail, so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

Claims

An integrated processing system, including:

The biochemical reaction device is suitable for biochemical reaction treatment of domestic garbage to obtain waste gas, waste residue and waste liquid, wherein the waste gas and waste residue are discharged separately; and

The waste liquid processing unit is connected to the biochemical reaction device and is suitable for processing the waste liquid.
The integrated processing system of claim 1, further comprising:

A stirring device, a predetermined part of the domestic waste is suitable for being stirred by the stirring device and then introduced into the biochemical reaction device.
The integrated processing system of claim 1, further comprising:

The biological purification device is in communication with the waste liquid processing unit, and is suitable for further filtering the waste liquid processed by the waste liquid processing unit before discharging.
5. The integrated processing system of claim 3, wherein the waste liquid processing unit comprises:

An oil-separating acidification tank is connected to the biochemical reaction device and is suitable for introducing waste liquid in the biochemical reaction device and adjusting the waste liquid;

The first biofilm aeration tank is connected to the oil-separated acidification tank, so as to treat the waste liquid adjusted by the oil-separated acidification tank;

The second biofilm aeration tank is in communication with the first biofilm aeration tank, so as to process the waste liquid treated by the first biofilm aeration tank; and

The sedimentation tank is respectively connected with the second biofilm aeration tank and the biological purification device. The sedimentation tank processes the waste liquid after the second biofilm aeration tank and separates it into sludge and sewage. The sewage is suitable for being introduced into the biological purification device for further purification.
8. The integrated processing system of claim 4, wherein the waste liquid processing unit further comprises:

A valve arranged between the sedimentation tank and the biological purification device;

Wherein, the sewage in the sedimentation tank is suitable to flow into the valve for sampling and testing; if the sewage meets the standard, it is directly discharged through the valve; if the sewage does not meet the standard, it is introduced into the biological purification device for further purification.
The integrated processing system of claim 4, wherein:

The oil separation acidification tank is suitable for adjusting the oil content and/or PH value of the waste liquid.
The integrated processing system according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein:

The oil separation acidification tank is suitable for adding organic matter according to the water quality of the introduced waste liquid.
The integrated processing system of claim 7, wherein:

The organic matter includes flocculant and/or bactericide.
The integrated processing system according to any one of claims 4-8, wherein:

The aeration volume of the first biofilm aeration tank is 2-6L/min;

The aeration volume of the second biofilm aeration tank is 0-4L/min.
The integrated processing system according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein:

Said biological purification device is filled with ceramsite and/or activated carbon.