WO2020218032A1 - Power storage device and method for suppressing deterioration of state of charge - Google Patents

Power storage device and method for suppressing deterioration of state of charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020218032A1
WO2020218032A1 PCT/JP2020/016145 JP2020016145W WO2020218032A1 WO 2020218032 A1 WO2020218032 A1 WO 2020218032A1 JP 2020016145 W JP2020016145 W JP 2020016145W WO 2020218032 A1 WO2020218032 A1 WO 2020218032A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
power storage
management unit
storage device
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/016145
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐樹 松田
将克 冨士松
章正 杉浦
和田　直也
智士 國田
Original Assignee
株式会社Ｇｓユアサ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ filed Critical 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ
Priority to JP2021515984A priority Critical patent/JPWO2020218032A1/ja
Publication of WO2020218032A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020218032A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
    • B60R16/033—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the technology disclosed in the present specification relates to a power storage device and a method for suppressing a decrease in the charging state.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power storage device including a management unit that manages a power storage element such as a lithium ion battery.
  • the management unit that manages the power storage element operates by the electric power supplied from the power storage element.
  • the power storage device After being shipped from the factory, the power storage device may be left for a long time because it is stored as inventory in the warehouse of the store. Since the management unit is operating during that period, the charging state (SOC) of the power storage element is gradually lowered by the power consumed by the management unit. Therefore, even if the power storage element is sufficiently charged at the time of shipment from the factory, the charged state may be low when the power storage device is started to be used.
  • SOC charging state
  • the driver may purchase the power storage device at a store (automobile dealer, automobile supply store, etc.) and replace it. In that case, if the charged state of the purchased power storage device is low, the power storage device cannot be used immediately, which is inconvenient for the driver.
  • a store automobile dealer, automobile supply store, etc.
  • This specification discloses a power storage device that can suppress a decrease in the charging state even if it is left for a long time after being shipped from a factory, and can start a management unit when the power storage device is started to be used.
  • the power storage device includes a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit operated by the power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line for supplying power from the power storage element to the management unit.
  • a circuit breaker provided and a power supply connection terminal to which a power supply is connected are provided. When the circuit breaker is turned off, when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, the management is performed from the power supply. Power is supplied to the unit, the management unit is activated, and the circuit breaker is turned on.
  • the power storage device includes a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit.
  • a circuit breaker provided and a power connection terminal are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), the management unit is activated when an external device is connected to the power connection terminal. Turn on (close) the circuit breaker.
  • the power storage device is provided in a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit.
  • a circuit breaker and a power connection terminal to which a power supply is connected are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, the management unit is connected to the power supply.
  • the management unit is activated by supplying electric power to the circuit breaker to turn on (close) the circuit breaker.
  • the power storage device is provided in a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit.
  • a circuit breaker and a power connection terminal are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), when an external device is connected to the power connection terminal, the management unit is activated and the circuit breaker is activated. Turn on (closed).
  • a method of shifting the management unit to the sleep mode and suppressing the power consumed by the management unit can be considered.
  • the sleep mode does not completely cut off the power supply to the management unit, a certain amount of power continues to be supplied.
  • the circuit breaker provided in the power line for supplying power from the power storage element to the management unit is turned off, the power supply to the management unit is completely cut off. Therefore, the power is not consumed by the management unit, and the deterioration of the charged state is suppressed even if the power storage device is left for a long period of time.
  • the management unit If the power supply to the management unit is completely cut off, the management unit completely stops operating, so that the power storage device cannot be used as it is.
  • a power source such as an external power source
  • a power source connection terminal provided separately from the external terminals of the positive electrode and the negative electrode
  • power is supplied from the power source to the management unit, so that the management unit can be started.
  • the management unit starts up, it turns on the circuit breaker, and after that, it operates with the power supplied from the power storage element.
  • the management unit can be started when the power storage device is started to be used. Therefore, the driver who has purchased the power storage device is more likely to be able to use the purchased power storage device immediately, and the convenience of the driver is improved.
  • the circuit breaker may be turned off at the time of shipment from the factory.
  • the power storage device is charged to 95% or more of the charged state at the time of shipment from the factory, and if the charged state drops to 90% while left for a long period of time, the circuit breaker is turned off to suppress the further deterioration of the charged state. It is also possible to make it. However, in that case, it is allowed that the charged state is lowered to 90%. According to the above power storage device, since the circuit breaker is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory, when the charging state drops below a predetermined threshold value (for example, 90%), it is left for a long time as compared with the case where the circuit breaker is turned off. It is possible to further suppress the deterioration of the charging state during the period.
  • a predetermined threshold value for example, 90%
  • the management unit may turn off the circuit breaker when the charging state of the power storage element drops below a predetermined threshold value.
  • the management unit can be started when the power storage device is started to be used.
  • the power connection terminal may be a universal serial bus connector (USB connector).
  • USB connector universal serial bus connector
  • the power supply connection terminal has a special shape, it is necessary to prepare a dedicated external power supply that can be connected to the power supply connection terminal, which requires a high cost to realize the function. Since USB is so widespread, many external power supplies and cables that can be connected to USB connectors are commercially available (for example, mobile batteries for charging mobile terminals such as mobile phones and smartphones). Therefore, if a USB connector is used as the power supply connection terminal, the cost for starting the management unit can be reduced. Since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector are commercially available, there is an advantage that they are easily available. Since USB is widely used, using a USB connector as a power connection terminal has the advantage that it is easy for the driver (or the staff of the dealer) to understand that a power source such as an external power supply should be connected to the USB connector. is there.
  • the management unit may record a log related to the power storage element and transmit the log to an external device via the universal serial bus connector.
  • the USB connector can be used not only for connecting a power source for activating the management unit but also as a communication interface for transmitting logs to an external device.
  • the control software of the management unit may be updated via the universal serial bus connector.
  • the control software of the management unit can be updated via the universal serial bus connector, so that the function of the power storage device can be improved even after the factory shipment.
  • a charging unit that charges the power storage element with electric power supplied from an external power source connected to the universal serial bus connector may be provided.
  • the power storage device used to start the engine of a vehicle is charged by an alternator when the engine operates.
  • the charging state of the power storage element may deteriorate and the engine may not be started.
  • the power storage element can be charged by connecting an external power source to the USB connector.
  • many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector are commercially available, it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated charger for charging the power storage element. Therefore, there is an advantage that the convenience when charging the power storage element is improved.
  • the invention disclosed in the present specification can be realized in various aspects such as a device, a method, a computer program for realizing the function of these devices or methods, a recording medium on which the computer program is recorded, and the like.
  • the battery 50 (an example of a power storage device) according to the first embodiment is a battery for a motorcycle mounted on a motorcycle 10.
  • the battery 50 is connected to the starter 10A, the alternator 10B, and the auxiliary equipment 10C (head ride, air conditioner, audio, etc.) mounted on the motorcycle 10.
  • the battery 50 is an engine starting battery that supplies electric power to the starter 10A to start the engine.
  • the battery 50 is charged by the alternator 10B during engine operation.
  • the battery 50 does not supply electric power to the auxiliary machinery 10C while the engine is operating, but also supplies electric power to the auxiliary machinery 10C when the auxiliary machinery 10C is used while the engine is stopped.
  • the battery 50 for a two-wheeled vehicle does not have a function of communicating with the ECU of the two-wheeled vehicle 10.
  • the motorcycle battery 50 according to the first embodiment also does not have a function of communicating with the ECU.
  • the battery 50 includes an assembled battery 60, a circuit board unit 65, and an accommodating body 71.
  • the housing body 71 includes a main body 73 made of a synthetic resin material and a lid body 74.
  • the main body 73 has a bottomed tubular shape.
  • the main body 73 includes a bottom surface portion 75 and four side surface portions 76.
  • An upper opening 77 is formed at the upper end portion by the four side surface portions 76.
  • the accommodating body 71 accommodates the assembled battery 60 and the circuit board unit 65.
  • the assembled battery 60 has 12 secondary batteries 62 (an example of a power storage element).
  • the secondary battery 62 is, for example, a lithium ion battery.
  • the 12 secondary batteries 62 are connected in 3 parallels and 4 in series.
  • the circuit board unit 65 includes a circuit board 100 and electronic components mounted on the circuit board 100, and is arranged above the assembled battery 60.
  • the lid body 74 closes the upper opening 77 of the main body 73.
  • An outer peripheral wall 78 is provided around the lid body 74.
  • the lid body 74 has a protrusion 79 having a substantially T-shape in a plan view.
  • the positive electrode external terminal 51 is fixed to one corner of the front portion of the lid 74, and the negative electrode external terminal 52 is fixed to the other corner.
  • the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52 are electrically connected to a load (for example, auxiliary equipment 10C).
  • the battery 50 is discharged and charged through the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52.
  • the secondary battery 62 has an electrode body 83 housed in a rectangular parallelepiped case 82 together with a non-aqueous electrolyte.
  • the case 82 has a case body 84 and a lid 85 that closes an opening above the case body 84.
  • the electrode body 83 is porous between the negative electrode element in which the active material is applied to the base material made of copper foil and the positive electrode element in which the active material is applied to the base material made of aluminum foil.
  • a separator made of a resin film is arranged. All of these are band-shaped, and are wound flat so that they can be accommodated in the case body 84 with the negative electrode element and the positive electrode element shifted to the opposite sides in the width direction with respect to the separator. ..
  • the positive electrode terminal 87 is connected to the positive electrode element via the positive electrode current collector 86, and the negative electrode terminal 89 is connected to the negative electrode element via the negative electrode current collector 88.
  • the positive electrode current collector 86 and the negative electrode current collector 88 include a flat plate-shaped pedestal portion 90 and leg portions 91 extending from the pedestal portion 90. A through hole is formed in the pedestal portion 90.
  • the leg 91 is connected to a positive electrode element or a negative electrode element.
  • the positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89 include a terminal body portion 92 and a shaft portion 93 protruding downward from the center portion of the lower surface thereof. Among them, the terminal body portion 92 and the shaft portion 93 of the positive electrode terminal 87 are integrally molded with aluminum (single material).
  • the terminal body portion 92 is made of aluminum and the shaft portion 93 is made of copper, and these are assembled.
  • the terminal body 92 of the positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89 is arranged at both ends of the lid 85 via a gasket 94 made of an insulating material, and is exposed to the outside from the gasket 94.
  • the lid 85 has a pressure release valve 95. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure release valve 95 is located between the positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89. When the internal pressure of the case 82 exceeds the limit value, the pressure release valve 95 opens to reduce the internal pressure of the case 82.
  • the secondary battery 62 is not limited to a cell (prismatic cell) having a rectangular parallelepiped case 82. The secondary battery may be a pouch cell or a cylindrical cell.
  • the battery 50 includes an assembled battery 60 and a BMU 101 (Battery Management Unit) that manages the assembled battery 60.
  • BMU 101 Battery Management Unit
  • the assembled battery 60 is composed of a plurality of secondary batteries (cells) 62. In this embodiment, there are 12 secondary batteries 62, which are connected in 3 parallels and 4 in series. In FIG. 6, three secondary batteries 62 connected in parallel are represented by one battery symbol.
  • the battery 50 is rated at 12V.
  • the power line 70P is a power line that connects the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the positive electrode of the assembled battery 60.
  • the power line 70N is a power line that connects the negative electrode external terminal 52 and the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60.
  • the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 is connected to the signal ground G1.
  • the assembled battery 60 uses the signal ground G1 as a reference potential.
  • the negative electrode external terminal 52 is connected to the body ground G2.
  • the body ground G2 is the body of the motorcycle 10.
  • the body ground G2 is the reference potential of the motorcycle 10.
  • the BMU 101 includes a current sensor 53, a voltage sensor 110, an FET 55, a management unit 130, a relay 21 (an example of a circuit breaker), and a USB connector 20 (an example of a power connection terminal).
  • the assembled battery 60, the current sensor 53, and the FET 55 are connected in series via the power line 70P and the power line 70N.
  • the FET 55, the current sensor 53, and the management unit 130 are mounted on the circuit board 100, and the signal ground G1 of the circuit board 100 is used as a reference potential (operation reference).
  • the current sensor 53 is located on the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 and is provided on the power line 70N on the negative electrode side.
  • the current sensor 53 measures the current I of the assembled battery 60 and outputs it to the management unit 130.
  • the voltage sensor 110 detects the voltage V of each secondary battery 62 and the total voltage of the assembled battery 60 and outputs the voltage to the management unit 130.
  • the total voltage of the assembled battery 60 is the total voltage of the four secondary batteries 62.
  • the temperature sensor 111 is provided in any one or two secondary batteries 62, detects the temperature of the secondary battery 62, and outputs the temperature to the management unit 130.
  • the FET 55 is located on the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 and is provided on the power line 70N of the negative electrode.
  • the FET 55 includes a charging FET 55A and a discharging FET 55B.
  • the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B are semiconductor switches for electric power, and more specifically, they are N-channel field effect transistors (FETs).
  • the source S of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a reference terminal.
  • the gate G of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a control terminal.
  • the drain D of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a connection terminal.
  • the source S is connected to the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60.
  • the discharge FET 55B the source S is connected to the negative electrode external terminal 52.
  • the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B are back-to-back connected by connecting the drains D to each other.
  • the charging FET 55A has a parasitic diode 56A.
  • the parasitic diode 56A has the same forward direction as the discharge direction.
  • the discharge FET 55B has a parasitic diode 56B.
  • the parasitic diode 56B has the same forward direction as the charging direction.
  • the body ground G2 is the reference potential.
  • the source S is connected to the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60. Since the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 is connected to the signal ground G1 of the circuit board 100, the signal ground G1 of the charging FET 55A is the reference potential.
  • the charging FET 55A is turned on when an H level voltage is applied to the gate G, and is turned off when an L level voltage is applied to the gate G. The same applies to the discharge FET 55B.
  • the management unit 130 operates by the electric power supplied from the assembled battery 60, and is connected to the power line 70P via the power line 22.
  • the management unit 130 includes a CPU 131, a ROM 132, and a RAM 133. Control software, various control data, and the like are stored in the ROM 132.
  • the management unit 130 manages the battery 50 by executing the control software stored in the ROM 132. It is assumed that the ROM 132 according to the present embodiment can rewrite data.
  • the management unit 130 applies an H-level voltage to the gate G of the charging FET 55A and the gate G of the discharging FET 55B to turn on the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B.
  • the assembled battery 60 can be both charged and discharged.
  • the relay 21 is provided in a power line 22 (an example of a power line) that supplies the electric power of the assembled battery 60 to the management unit 130.
  • the relay 21 is turned on and off by the management unit 130.
  • the battery 50 is shipped from the factory with the relay 21 turned off.
  • the USB connector 20 is a USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard connector.
  • the USB connector 20 is connected to the management unit 130. When an external power supply is connected to the USB connector 20, power is supplied from the external power supply to the management unit 130.
  • the management unit 130 can also communicate with an external device via the USB connector 20.
  • the USB connector 20 may be a USB port provided in the housing 71. If the USB connector 20 is provided on the lid 74 of the housing 71, wiring can be simplified.
  • the relay-on process at the start of use is a process of turning on the relay 21 at the start of use of the battery 50.
  • the staff of the dealer connects the external power supply to the USB connector 20 before (or after) installing the battery 50 on the motorcycle 10. To do.
  • an external power supply is connected to the USB connector 20
  • power is supplied from the external power supply to the management unit 130, and the management unit 130 is activated.
  • the management unit 130 is activated, the relay 21 is turned on. After that, the management unit 130 operates by the electric power supplied from the battery 50.
  • the SOC estimation process is a process of estimating the charging state of the secondary battery 62 by the current integration method.
  • the current integration method the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery 62 is measured by the current sensor 53 at predetermined time intervals to measure the amount of power flowing in and out of the secondary battery 62, and the charge is charged by adjusting this from the initial capacity. It is a method of estimating the state (SOC).
  • the current integration method has the advantage that the SOC can be estimated even while the secondary battery 62 is in use, but since the current is constantly measured and the charge / discharge power amount is integrated, the measurement error of the current sensor 53 accumulates and gradually becomes inaccurate. there is a possibility. Therefore, the management unit 130 may reset the SOC estimated by the current integration method based on the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the secondary battery 62. Specifically, since there is a relatively accurate correlation between OCV and SOC, even if the SOC is estimated from OCV and the SOC estimated by the current integration method is reset by the SOC estimated from OCV. Good.
  • the OCV is not limited to the voltage when the circuit is open.
  • the OCV may be a voltage when the current value of the current flowing through the secondary battery 62 is less than a minute reference value.
  • the log recording process is a process of storing a log related to the battery 50 in the ROM 132.
  • the log related to the battery 50 is the current value, voltage value, temperature, SOC, etc. of the secondary battery 62.
  • the log regarding the battery 50 is not limited to these, and can be appropriately selected.
  • the log transmission process is a process of transmitting the log stored in the ROM 132 to an external device (personal computer, smartphone, etc.) after the battery 50 has started to be used.
  • the operator connects the external device to the USB connector 20 and operates the external device to instruct the reception of the log.
  • the external device requests the management unit 130 to transmit the log via the USB connector 20.
  • the management unit 130 transmits the log stored in the ROM 132 to an external device.
  • the relay 21 When the management unit 130 is activated, the relay 21 is turned on, and thereafter, it operates by the electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62.
  • the management unit 130 As described above, according to the battery 50, a decrease in SOC can be suppressed even if the battery 50 is left for a long time after being shipped from the factory, and the management unit 130 can be started when the battery 50 is started to be used. Therefore, the driver who has purchased the battery 50 is more likely to be able to use the purchased battery 50 immediately, which improves the convenience of the driver.
  • the relay 21 since the relay 21 is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory, when the SOC drops below a predetermined threshold value, the charge state is lowered during a long period of time as compared with the case where the relay 21 is turned off. It can be suppressed more.
  • the power connection terminal is the USB connector 20. Since many external power supplies (for example, mobile batteries for charging mobile terminals such as mobile phones and smartphones) that can be connected to the USB connector 20 are commercially available, they are generally inexpensive. Therefore, if the USB connector 20 is used as the power supply connection terminal, the cost for activating the management unit 130 can be reduced. Since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector 20 are commercially available, there is an advantage that they are easily available. Since USB is widely used, using the USB connector 20 as a power supply connection terminal has an advantage that it is easy for the staff of a store or the like to understand that an external power supply should be connected to the USB connector 20.
  • the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for activating the management unit 130 but also as a communication interface for transmitting a log to an external device.
  • the log can be transmitted by connecting an external device to the USB connector 20, so that the battery 50 does not have to be disassembled in order to acquire the log. Therefore, there is an advantage that the log can be easily acquired as compared with the case of disassembling the battery 50.
  • the USB connector 20 has been described as an example of the power supply connection terminal, but the power supply connection terminal is not limited to this.
  • the power connection terminal may be a connector of another standard, or may be a connector designed exclusively for the battery 50.
  • the relay 21 has been described as an example of the breaker, but the breaker may be an FET.
  • the relay 21 may be turned on at the time of shipment from the factory.
  • the relay 21 may be turned off when the battery 50 is charged to SOC 95% or more at the time of shipment from the factory and the SOC drops to a predetermined threshold value (for example, 90%) or less while being left for a long period of time.
  • a predetermined threshold value for example, 90%
  • the battery 50 for starting the engine of the motorcycle 10 has been described as an example, but the use of the battery 50 is not limited to this.
  • the battery 50 may be a battery for starting an engine of a four-wheeled vehicle, or a battery for auxiliary equipment mounted on an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or an electric two-wheeled vehicle to supply power to auxiliary equipment. You may.
  • the battery 50 may be a battery used in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
  • UPS uninterruptible power supply
  • the battery 50 may be able to update the control software of the management unit 130 via the USB connector 20.
  • an external computer may be connected to the USB connector 20 and the control software stored in the ROM 132 may be rewritable from the external computer.
  • the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for starting the management unit 130 but also as a communication interface for updating the control software.
  • the battery 50 may include a charging unit 134 that charges the assembled battery 60 with electric power supplied from an external power source connected to the USB connector 20.
  • the charging unit 134 is connected in parallel with the assembled battery 60.
  • the charging unit 134 boosts the voltage applied from the external power supply (for example, boosts from 5V to 13V) to charge the assembled battery 60.
  • the assembled battery 60 can be charged by connecting an external power source to the USB connector 20. That is, according to the battery 50, the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for activating the management unit 130 but also for charging the assembled battery 60.
  • the battery 50 may include two USB connectors 20.
  • the housing 71 may be provided with two USB ports. One end and the other end of one USB cable (not shown) may be connected to the two USB connectors 20.
  • the battery 50 includes a positive positive external terminal 51, a negative negative external terminal 52, a secondary battery 62, a management unit 130 operated by electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62, and the secondary battery 62 to the management unit 130.
  • a breaker 21 provided on the power line 22 for supplying power to the power line 22 and power supply connection terminals 20 and 20 are provided.
  • the breaker 21 When the breaker 21 is turned off (open), one power supply connection terminal 20 is provided.
  • the other power connection terminal 20 and the secondary battery 62 (power supply) are connected to the power supply connection terminal 20 via a cable, power is supplied from the secondary battery 62 to the management unit 130 to start the management unit 130, and the management unit 130 is activated. Turn on (close) the breaker 21. According to this configuration, no external power supply is required to start the management unit 130.
  • the battery 50 includes a positive electrode external terminal 51, a negative electrode external terminal 52, a secondary battery 62, a management unit 130 operated by electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62, and the management from the secondary battery 62.
  • a breaker 21 provided on the power line 22 for supplying power to the unit 130 and a USB connector (USB port) 20 provided on the accommodating body 71 may be provided.
  • the management unit 130 When the circuit breaker 21 is turned off (open), the management unit 130 may be activated when an external device is connected via the USB connector 20, and the circuit breaker 21 may be turned on (closed). ..
  • a configuration in which a power supply connection terminal (USB connector) is provided separately from the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52 in the housing 71 of the battery 50 having a rating of 12 V does not exist in the past and is new.
  • the battery 50 may have a rating of 24V or a rating of 48V.
  • the secondary battery 62 has been described as an example of the power storage element, but the power storage element is not limited to this.
  • the power storage element may be a capacitor that involves an electrochemical reaction.
  • USB connector (example of power connection terminal) 21 Relay (an example of a circuit breaker) 22 Power line (an example of power line) 50 Battery (an example of power storage device) 62 Secondary battery (an example of power storage element) 130 Management unit 134 Charging unit

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

In the present invention, a battery 50 comprises: a positive electrode external terminal 51 and a negative electrode external terminal 52; secondary batteries 62; a management unit 130 that operates by electric power supplied from the secondary batteries 62; a relay 21 provided to a power line 22 that supplies the electric power from the secondary batteries 62 to the management unit 130; and a USB connector 20 to which an external power supply is connected. When the power supply is connected to the USB connector 20, in a case where the relay 21 is turned OFF, the power is supplied from the power supply to the management unit 130, the management unit 130 is activated, and the relay 21 is turned ON.

Description

蓄電装置、及び、充電状態の低下抑制方法Power storage device and method for suppressing deterioration of charging status
　本明細書によって開示される技術は、蓄電装置、及び、充電状態の低下抑制方法に関する。 The technology disclosed in the present specification relates to a power storage device and a method for suppressing a decrease in the charging state.
　特許文献１は、リチウムイオン電池などの蓄電素子を管理する管理部を備える蓄電装置を開示している。蓄電素子を管理する管理部は蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する。 Patent Document 1 discloses a power storage device including a management unit that manages a power storage element such as a lithium ion battery. The management unit that manages the power storage element operates by the electric power supplied from the power storage element.
特許第６１５５７８１号公報Japanese Patent No. 6155781
　蓄電装置は、工場から出荷された後、販売店の倉庫に在庫として保管されるなどによって長期間放置される場合がある。管理部はその間も動作しているので、管理部によって消費される電力によって蓄電素子の充電状態（ＳＯＣ）が徐々に低下する。このため、工場出荷時は蓄電素子が十分に充電されていたとしても、蓄電装置の使用を開始するときには充電状態が低くなっていることがある。 After being shipped from the factory, the power storage device may be left for a long time because it is stored as inventory in the warehouse of the store. Since the management unit is operating during that period, the charging state (SOC) of the power storage element is gradually lowered by the power consumed by the management unit. Therefore, even if the power storage element is sufficiently charged at the time of shipment from the factory, the charged state may be low when the power storage device is started to be used.
　例えば、四輪自動車や自動二輪車に搭載される蓄電装置の場合、運転者が販売店（自動車ディーラーや自動車用品店など）で蓄電装置を購入して交換する場合がある。その場合、購入した蓄電装置の充電状態が低くなっていると蓄電装置を直ぐに使用できず、運転者にとって不便である。 For example, in the case of a power storage device mounted on a four-wheeled vehicle or a motorcycle, the driver may purchase the power storage device at a store (automobile dealer, automobile supply store, etc.) and replace it. In that case, if the charged state of the purchased power storage device is low, the power storage device cannot be used immediately, which is inconvenient for the driver.
　本明細書は、工場出荷後に長期間放置されても充電状態の低下を抑制でき、且つ、蓄電装置の使用を開始するときに管理部を起動できる蓄電装置を開示する。 This specification discloses a power storage device that can suppress a decrease in the charging state even if it is left for a long time after being shipped from a factory, and can start a management unit when the power storage device is started to be used.
　一態様に係る蓄電装置は、正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、蓄電素子と、前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、電源が接続される電源接続端子と、を備え、前記遮断器がオフにされている場合、前記電源接続端子に前記電源が接続されると、前記電源から前記管理部に電力が供給されて前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオンにする。
　一態様に係る蓄電装置は、正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、蓄電素子と、前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、電源接続端子と、を備え、前記遮断器がオフ（オープン）にされている場合、前記電源接続端子に外部の装置が接続されると前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオン（クローズ）にする。 The power storage device according to one embodiment includes a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit operated by the power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line for supplying power from the power storage element to the management unit. A circuit breaker provided and a power supply connection terminal to which a power supply is connected are provided. When the circuit breaker is turned off, when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, the management is performed from the power supply. Power is supplied to the unit, the management unit is activated, and the circuit breaker is turned on.
The power storage device according to one embodiment includes a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit. A circuit breaker provided and a power connection terminal are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), the management unit is activated when an external device is connected to the power connection terminal. Turn on (close) the circuit breaker.
　本技術により、蓄電装置が工場出荷後に長期間放置されても充電状態の低下を抑制でき、且つ、蓄電装置の使用を開始するときに管理部を起動できる。 With this technology, even if the power storage device is left for a long time after being shipped from the factory, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charging state, and the management unit can be started when the power storage device is started to be used.
自動二輪車の側面図Side view of a motorcycle 車両システムのブロック図Vehicle system block diagram バッテリの分解斜視図Disassembled perspective view of the battery 二次電池の平面図Top view of secondary battery 図４のＡ－Ａ線の断面図Sectional view of line AA of FIG. バッテリのブロック図Battery block diagram 他の実施形態に係るバッテリのブロック図Block diagram of batteries according to other embodiments 他の実施形態に係るバッテリのブロック図Block diagram of batteries according to other embodiments
　（本実施形態の概要）
　蓄電装置は、正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、蓄電素子と、前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、電源が接続される電源接続端子と、を備え、前記遮断器がオフ（オープン）にされている場合、前記電源接続端子に前記電源が接続されると、前記電源から前記管理部に電力が供給されて前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオン（クローズ）にする。
　蓄電装置は、正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、蓄電素子と、前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、電源接続端子と、を備え、前記遮断器がオフ（オープン）にされている場合、前記電源接続端子に外部の装置が接続されると前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオン（クローズ）にする。 (Outline of this embodiment)
The power storage device is provided in a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit. A circuit breaker and a power connection terminal to which a power supply is connected are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, the management unit is connected to the power supply. The management unit is activated by supplying electric power to the circuit breaker to turn on (close) the circuit breaker.
The power storage device is provided in a positive electrode external terminal and a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit that operates by power supplied from the power storage element, and a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit. A circuit breaker and a power connection terminal are provided, and when the circuit breaker is turned off (open), when an external device is connected to the power connection terminal, the management unit is activated and the circuit breaker is activated. Turn on (closed).
　長期間放置されている蓄電素子の充電状態の低下を抑制する方法としては、管理部をスリープモードに移行させ、管理部によって消費される電力を抑制する方法が考えられる。しかしながら、スリープモードは管理部への電力供給を完全に遮断するものではないので、ある程度の電力が供給され続ける。
　上記の蓄電装置によると、蓄電素子から管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器をオフにするので、管理部への電力供給が完全に遮断される。このため管理部によって電力が消費されなくなり、蓄電装置が長期間放置されても充電状態の低下が抑制される。
　管理部への電力供給を完全に遮断すると管理部が完全に動作を停止するので、そのままでは蓄電装置の使用を開始できない。上記の蓄電装置によると、正極及び負極の外部端子とは別個に設けられた電源接続端子に外部電源等の電源を接続すると電源から管理部に電力が供給されるので、管理部を起動できる。管理部は起動すると遮断器をオンにするので、その後は蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する。
　このように上記の蓄電装置によると、工場出荷後に長期間放置されても充電状態の低下を抑制でき、且つ、蓄電装置の使用を開始するときに管理部を起動できる。このため、蓄電装置を購入した運転者は購入した蓄電装置を直ぐに使用できる可能性が高くなり、運転者の利便性が向上する。 As a method of suppressing a decrease in the charged state of the power storage element that has been left for a long period of time, a method of shifting the management unit to the sleep mode and suppressing the power consumed by the management unit can be considered. However, since the sleep mode does not completely cut off the power supply to the management unit, a certain amount of power continues to be supplied.
According to the above-mentioned power storage device, since the circuit breaker provided in the power line for supplying power from the power storage element to the management unit is turned off, the power supply to the management unit is completely cut off. Therefore, the power is not consumed by the management unit, and the deterioration of the charged state is suppressed even if the power storage device is left for a long period of time.
If the power supply to the management unit is completely cut off, the management unit completely stops operating, so that the power storage device cannot be used as it is. According to the above-mentioned power storage device, when a power source such as an external power source is connected to a power source connection terminal provided separately from the external terminals of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, power is supplied from the power source to the management unit, so that the management unit can be started. When the management unit starts up, it turns on the circuit breaker, and after that, it operates with the power supplied from the power storage element.
As described above, according to the above-mentioned power storage device, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charging state even if the power storage device is left for a long time after shipment from the factory, and the management unit can be started when the power storage device is started to be used. Therefore, the driver who has purchased the power storage device is more likely to be able to use the purchased power storage device immediately, and the convenience of the driver is improved.
　前記遮断器は工場出荷時にオフにされていてもよい。 The circuit breaker may be turned off at the time of shipment from the factory.
　例えば工場出荷時に蓄電装置が充電状態９５％以上まで充電されており、長期間放置されている間に充電状態が９０％まで低下するとそれ以上の充電状態の低下を抑制するために遮断器をオフにすることも考えられる。しかしながら、その場合は充電状態が９０％まで低下することを許容することになる。
　上記の蓄電装置によると、工場出荷時に遮断器がオフにされているので、充電状態が所定の閾値以下（例えば９０％）まで低下すると遮断器をオフにする場合に比べ、長期間放置されている間の充電状態の低下をより抑制できる。 For example, the power storage device is charged to 95% or more of the charged state at the time of shipment from the factory, and if the charged state drops to 90% while left for a long period of time, the circuit breaker is turned off to suppress the further deterioration of the charged state. It is also possible to make it. However, in that case, it is allowed that the charged state is lowered to 90%.
According to the above power storage device, since the circuit breaker is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory, when the charging state drops below a predetermined threshold value (for example, 90%), it is left for a long time as compared with the case where the circuit breaker is turned off. It is possible to further suppress the deterioration of the charging state during the period.
　前記管理部は、前記蓄電素子の充電状態が所定の閾値以下まで低下すると前記遮断器をオフにしてもよい。 The management unit may turn off the circuit breaker when the charging state of the power storage element drops below a predetermined threshold value.
　上記の蓄電装置によると、工場出荷後に長期間放置されても充電状態の低下を抑制でき、且つ、蓄電装置の使用を開始するときに管理部を起動できる。 According to the above-mentioned power storage device, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the charging state even if it is left for a long time after being shipped from the factory, and the management unit can be started when the power storage device is started to be used.
　前記電源接続端子はユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタ（ＵＳＢコネクタ）であってもよい。 The power connection terminal may be a universal serial bus connector (USB connector).
　電源接続端子が特殊な形状をしていると、その電源接続端子に接続可能な専用の外部電源を用意する必要があり、機能の実現のために高コストを要する。ＵＳＢは広く普及しているので、ＵＳＢコネクタに接続可能な外部電源やケーブルは多く市販されている（例えば携帯電話やスマートフォンなどの携帯端末を充電するためのモバイルバッテリなど）。このため、電源接続端子としてＵＳＢコネクタを用いると、管理部を起動するためのコストを低減できる。
　ＵＳＢコネクタに接続可能な外部電源は多く市販されているので入手性が良いという利点もある。
　ＵＳＢは広く普及しているので、電源接続端子としてＵＳＢコネクタを用いると、運転者（あるいは販売店のスタッフ）はＵＳＢコネクタに外部電源等の電源を接続すればよいことを理解し易いという利点もある。 If the power supply connection terminal has a special shape, it is necessary to prepare a dedicated external power supply that can be connected to the power supply connection terminal, which requires a high cost to realize the function. Since USB is so widespread, many external power supplies and cables that can be connected to USB connectors are commercially available (for example, mobile batteries for charging mobile terminals such as mobile phones and smartphones). Therefore, if a USB connector is used as the power supply connection terminal, the cost for starting the management unit can be reduced.
Since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector are commercially available, there is an advantage that they are easily available.
Since USB is widely used, using a USB connector as a power connection terminal has the advantage that it is easy for the driver (or the staff of the dealer) to understand that a power source such as an external power supply should be connected to the USB connector. is there.
　前記管理部は、前記蓄電素子に関するログを記録し、前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタを介して外部の装置に前記ログを送信してもよい。 The management unit may record a log related to the power storage element and transmit the log to an external device via the universal serial bus connector.
　上記の蓄電装置によると、ＵＳＢコネクタを、管理部を起動するための電源を接続するためだけでなく、外部の装置にログを送信するための通信インタフェースとしても用いることができる。 According to the above-mentioned power storage device, the USB connector can be used not only for connecting a power source for activating the management unit but also as a communication interface for transmitting logs to an external device.
　前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタを介して前記管理部の制御ソフトウェアを更新可能であってもよい。 The control software of the management unit may be updated via the universal serial bus connector.
　従来、蓄電装置が工場から出荷された後に管理部の制御ソフトウェアを更新することは検討されていなかった。このため、従来の蓄電装置は制御ソフトウェアを更新するためのインタフェースを備えていない。上記の蓄電装置によると、ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタを介して管理部の制御ソフトウェアを更新可能であるので、工場出荷後であっても蓄電装置の機能を改善できる。 Conventionally, it has not been considered to update the control software of the management department after the power storage device is shipped from the factory. Therefore, the conventional power storage device does not have an interface for updating the control software. According to the above-mentioned power storage device, the control software of the management unit can be updated via the universal serial bus connector, so that the function of the power storage device can be improved even after the factory shipment.
　前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタに接続された外部電源から供給される電力によって前記蓄電素子を充電する充電部を備えてもよい。 A charging unit that charges the power storage element with electric power supplied from an external power source connected to the universal serial bus connector may be provided.
　例えば、車両のエンジン始動に用いられる蓄電装置は、エンジンが動作するとオルタネータによって充電される。しかしながら、車両が長期間駐車されると蓄電素子の充電状態が低下してエンジンを始動できないこともある。この場合、上記の蓄電装置によると、ＵＳＢコネクタに外部電源を接続することにより、蓄電素子を充電できる。前述したようにＵＳＢコネクタに接続可能な外部電源は多く市販されているので、蓄電素子を充電するための専用の充電器を用意する必要がない。このため蓄電素子を充電するときの利便性が向上するという利点もある。 For example, the power storage device used to start the engine of a vehicle is charged by an alternator when the engine operates. However, if the vehicle is parked for a long period of time, the charging state of the power storage element may deteriorate and the engine may not be started. In this case, according to the above-mentioned power storage device, the power storage element can be charged by connecting an external power source to the USB connector. As described above, since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector are commercially available, it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated charger for charging the power storage element. Therefore, there is an advantage that the convenience when charging the power storage element is improved.
　本明細書によって開示される発明は、装置、方法、これらの装置または方法の機能を実現するためのコンピュータプログラム、そのコンピュータプログラムを記録した記録媒体等の種々の態様で実現できる。 The invention disclosed in the present specification can be realized in various aspects such as a device, a method, a computer program for realizing the function of these devices or methods, a recording medium on which the computer program is recorded, and the like.
　＜実施形態１＞
　実施形態１を図１ないし図６によって説明する。
　図１に示すように、実施形態１に係るバッテリ５０（蓄電装置の一例）は自動二輪車１０に搭載される二輪車用のバッテリである。 <Embodiment 1>
The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.
As shown in FIG. 1, the battery 50 (an example of a power storage device) according to the first embodiment is a battery for a motorcycle mounted on a motorcycle 10.
　図２に示すように、バッテリ５０には自動二輪車１０に搭載されているスタータ１０Ａ、オルタネータ１０Ｂ及び補機類１０Ｃ（ヘッドライド、エアコン、オーディオなど）が接続されている。バッテリ５０はスタータ１０Ａに電力を供給してエンジンを始動させるエンジン始動用のバッテリである。バッテリ５０はエンジン動作中にオルタネータ１０Ｂによって充電される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the battery 50 is connected to the starter 10A, the alternator 10B, and the auxiliary equipment 10C (head ride, air conditioner, audio, etc.) mounted on the motorcycle 10. The battery 50 is an engine starting battery that supplies electric power to the starter 10A to start the engine. The battery 50 is charged by the alternator 10B during engine operation.
　自動二輪車１０のエンジン動作中はオルタネータ１０Ｂから補機類１０Ｃに電力が供給される。このため、バッテリ５０は、エンジン動作中は補機類１０Ｃに電力を供給しないが、エンジン停止中に補機類１０Ｃが使用される場合は補機類１０Ｃにも電力を供給する。
　一般に二輪車用のバッテリ５０は自動二輪車１０のＥＣＵと通信する機能を有していない。実施形態１に係る二輪車用のバッテリ５０もＥＣＵと通信する機能を有していない。 While the engine of the motorcycle 10 is operating, electric power is supplied from the alternator 10B to the auxiliary machinery 10C. Therefore, the battery 50 does not supply electric power to the auxiliary machinery 10C while the engine is operating, but also supplies electric power to the auxiliary machinery 10C when the auxiliary machinery 10C is used while the engine is stopped.
Generally, the battery 50 for a two-wheeled vehicle does not have a function of communicating with the ECU of the two-wheeled vehicle 10. The motorcycle battery 50 according to the first embodiment also does not have a function of communicating with the ECU.
　（１）バッテリの構成
　図３に示すように、バッテリ５０は組電池６０と、回路基板ユニット６５と、収容体７１とを備える。
　収容体７１は、合成樹脂材料からなる本体７３と蓋体７４とを備えている。本体７３は有底筒状である。本体７３は、底面部７５と、４つの側面部７６とを備えている。４つの側面部７６によって上端部分に上方開口部７７が形成されている。 (1) Battery Configuration As shown in FIG. 3, the battery 50 includes an assembled battery 60, a circuit board unit 65, and an accommodating body 71.
The housing body 71 includes a main body 73 made of a synthetic resin material and a lid body 74. The main body 73 has a bottomed tubular shape. The main body 73 includes a bottom surface portion 75 and four side surface portions 76. An upper opening 77 is formed at the upper end portion by the four side surface portions 76.
　収容体７１は、組電池６０と回路基板ユニット６５を収容する。組電池６０は１２個の二次電池６２（蓄電素子の一例）を有する。二次電池６２は一例としてリチウムイオン電池である。１２個の二次電池６２は３並列で４直列に接続されている。回路基板ユニット６５は、回路基板１００と回路基板１００上に搭載される電子部品とを含み、組電池６０の上部に配置されている。 The accommodating body 71 accommodates the assembled battery 60 and the circuit board unit 65. The assembled battery 60 has 12 secondary batteries 62 (an example of a power storage element). The secondary battery 62 is, for example, a lithium ion battery. The 12 secondary batteries 62 are connected in 3 parallels and 4 in series. The circuit board unit 65 includes a circuit board 100 and electronic components mounted on the circuit board 100, and is arranged above the assembled battery 60.
　蓋体７４は、本体７３の上方開口部７７を閉鎖する。蓋体７４の周囲には外周壁７８が設けられている。蓋体７４は、平面視略Ｔ字形の突出部７９を有する。蓋体７４の前部のうち、一方の隅部に正極外部端子５１が固定され、他方の隅部に負極外部端子５２が固定されている。バッテリ５０が車両に搭載されると、正極外部端子５１及び負極外部端子５２は、負荷（例えば補機類１０Ｃ）に電気的に接続される。バッテリ５０は、正極外部端子５１及び負極外部端子５２を通じて、放電及び充電を行う。 The lid body 74 closes the upper opening 77 of the main body 73. An outer peripheral wall 78 is provided around the lid body 74. The lid body 74 has a protrusion 79 having a substantially T-shape in a plan view. The positive electrode external terminal 51 is fixed to one corner of the front portion of the lid 74, and the negative electrode external terminal 52 is fixed to the other corner. When the battery 50 is mounted on the vehicle, the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52 are electrically connected to a load (for example, auxiliary equipment 10C). The battery 50 is discharged and charged through the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52.
　図４及び図５に示すように、二次電池６２は直方体形状のケース８２内に電極体８３を非水電解質と共に収容したものである。ケース８２は、ケース本体８４と、その上方の開口部を閉鎖する蓋８５とを有している。
　電極体８３は、詳細については図示しないが、銅箔からなる基材に活物質を塗布した負極要素と、アルミニウム箔からなる基材に活物質を塗布した正極要素との間に、多孔性の樹脂フィルムからなるセパレータを配置したものである。これらはいずれも帯状で、セパレータに対して負極要素と正極要素とを幅方向の反対側にそれぞれ位置をずらした状態で、ケース本体８４に収容可能となるように扁平状に巻回されている。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the secondary battery 62 has an electrode body 83 housed in a rectangular parallelepiped case 82 together with a non-aqueous electrolyte. The case 82 has a case body 84 and a lid 85 that closes an opening above the case body 84.
Although not shown in detail, the electrode body 83 is porous between the negative electrode element in which the active material is applied to the base material made of copper foil and the positive electrode element in which the active material is applied to the base material made of aluminum foil. A separator made of a resin film is arranged. All of these are band-shaped, and are wound flat so that they can be accommodated in the case body 84 with the negative electrode element and the positive electrode element shifted to the opposite sides in the width direction with respect to the separator. ..
　正極要素には正極集電体８６を介して正極端子８７が、負極要素には負極集電体８８を介して負極端子８９がそれぞれ接続されている。正極集電体８６及び負極集電体８８は、平板状の台座部９０と、この台座部９０から延びる脚部９１とからなる。台座部９０には貫通孔が形成されている。脚部９１は正極要素又は負極要素に接続されている。正極端子８７及び負極端子８９は、端子本体部９２と、その下面中心部分から下方に突出する軸部９３とからなる。そのうち、正極端子８７の端子本体部９２と軸部９３とは、アルミニウム（単一材料）によって一体成形されている。負極端子８９においては、端子本体部９２がアルミニウム製で、軸部９３が銅製であり、これらを組み付けたものである。正極端子８７及び負極端子８９の端子本体部９２は、蓋８５の両端部に絶縁材料からなるガスケット９４を介して配置され、このガスケット９４から外方へ露出されている。 The positive electrode terminal 87 is connected to the positive electrode element via the positive electrode current collector 86, and the negative electrode terminal 89 is connected to the negative electrode element via the negative electrode current collector 88. The positive electrode current collector 86 and the negative electrode current collector 88 include a flat plate-shaped pedestal portion 90 and leg portions 91 extending from the pedestal portion 90. A through hole is formed in the pedestal portion 90. The leg 91 is connected to a positive electrode element or a negative electrode element. The positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89 include a terminal body portion 92 and a shaft portion 93 protruding downward from the center portion of the lower surface thereof. Among them, the terminal body portion 92 and the shaft portion 93 of the positive electrode terminal 87 are integrally molded with aluminum (single material). In the negative electrode terminal 89, the terminal body portion 92 is made of aluminum and the shaft portion 93 is made of copper, and these are assembled. The terminal body 92 of the positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89 is arranged at both ends of the lid 85 via a gasket 94 made of an insulating material, and is exposed to the outside from the gasket 94.
　蓋８５は、圧力開放弁９５を有している。圧力開放弁９５は、図２に示すように、正極端子８７と負極端子８９の間に位置している。圧力開放弁９５は、ケース８２の内圧が制限値を超えた時に、開放して、ケース８２の内圧を下げる。
　二次電池６２は、直方体形状のケース８２を有するセル（プリズマティックセル）に限定はされない。二次電池は、パウチセルや、円筒形セルであってもよい。 The lid 85 has a pressure release valve 95. As shown in FIG. 2, the pressure release valve 95 is located between the positive electrode terminal 87 and the negative electrode terminal 89. When the internal pressure of the case 82 exceeds the limit value, the pressure release valve 95 opens to reduce the internal pressure of the case 82.
The secondary battery 62 is not limited to a cell (prismatic cell) having a rectangular parallelepiped case 82. The secondary battery may be a pouch cell or a cylindrical cell.
　（２）バッテリの電気的構成
　図６に示すように、バッテリ５０は組電池６０と、組電池６０を管理するＢＭＵ１０１（Ｂａｔｔｅｒｙ　Ｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔ　Ｕｎｉｔ）とを備えている。 (2) Electrical Configuration of Battery As shown in FIG. 6, the battery 50 includes an assembled battery 60 and a BMU 101 (Battery Management Unit) that manages the assembled battery 60.
　組電池６０は複数の二次電池（セル）６２から構成されている。本実施形態では、二次電池６２は１２個あり、３並列で４直列に接続されている。図６では並列に接続された３つの二次電池６２を１つの電池記号で表している。バッテリ５０は定格１２Ｖである。
　パワーライン７０Ｐは、正極外部端子５１と組電池６０の正極とを接続するパワーラインである。パワーライン７０Ｎは、負極外部端子５２と組電池６０の負極とを接続するパワーラインである。組電池６０の負極はシグナルグランドＧ１に接続されている。組電池６０はシグナルグランドＧ１を基準電位とする。負極外部端子５２はボディグランドＧ２に接続されている。ボディグランドＧ２は自動二輪車１０のボディである。ボディグランドＧ２は自動二輪車１０の基準電位である。 The assembled battery 60 is composed of a plurality of secondary batteries (cells) 62. In this embodiment, there are 12 secondary batteries 62, which are connected in 3 parallels and 4 in series. In FIG. 6, three secondary batteries 62 connected in parallel are represented by one battery symbol. The battery 50 is rated at 12V.
The power line 70P is a power line that connects the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the positive electrode of the assembled battery 60. The power line 70N is a power line that connects the negative electrode external terminal 52 and the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60. The negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 is connected to the signal ground G1. The assembled battery 60 uses the signal ground G1 as a reference potential. The negative electrode external terminal 52 is connected to the body ground G2. The body ground G2 is the body of the motorcycle 10. The body ground G2 is the reference potential of the motorcycle 10.
　ＢＭＵ１０１は電流センサ５３、電圧センサ１１０、ＦＥＴ５５、管理部１３０、リレー２１（遮断器の一例）及びＵＳＢコネクタ２０（電源接続端子の一例）を備える。組電池６０、電流センサ５３及びＦＥＴ５５は、パワーライン７０Ｐ、パワーライン７０Ｎを介して、直列に接続されている。ＦＥＴ５５、電流センサ５３及び管理部１３０は回路基板１００上に実装されており、回路基板１００のシグナルグランドＧ１を基準電位（動作基準）とする。 The BMU 101 includes a current sensor 53, a voltage sensor 110, an FET 55, a management unit 130, a relay 21 (an example of a circuit breaker), and a USB connector 20 (an example of a power connection terminal). The assembled battery 60, the current sensor 53, and the FET 55 are connected in series via the power line 70P and the power line 70N. The FET 55, the current sensor 53, and the management unit 130 are mounted on the circuit board 100, and the signal ground G1 of the circuit board 100 is used as a reference potential (operation reference).
　電流センサ５３は、組電池６０の負極に位置し、負極側のパワーライン７０Ｎに設けられている。電流センサ５３は組電池６０の電流Ｉを計測して管理部１３０に出力する。
　電圧センサ１１０は各二次電池６２の電圧Ｖと組電池６０の総電圧とを検出して管理部１３０に出力する。組電池６０の総電圧は４つの二次電池６２の合計電圧である。
　温度センサ１１１はいずれか一つあるいは二つの二次電池６２に設けられており、二次電池６２の温度を検出して管理部１３０に出力する。 The current sensor 53 is located on the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 and is provided on the power line 70N on the negative electrode side. The current sensor 53 measures the current I of the assembled battery 60 and outputs it to the management unit 130.
The voltage sensor 110 detects the voltage V of each secondary battery 62 and the total voltage of the assembled battery 60 and outputs the voltage to the management unit 130. The total voltage of the assembled battery 60 is the total voltage of the four secondary batteries 62.
The temperature sensor 111 is provided in any one or two secondary batteries 62, detects the temperature of the secondary battery 62, and outputs the temperature to the management unit 130.
　ＦＥＴ５５は、組電池６０の負極に位置し、負極のパワーライン７０Ｎに設けられている。ＦＥＴ５５は、充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａと、放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂとを有する。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂは電力用の半導体スイッチであり、より具体的にはＮチャンネルの電界効果トランジスタ（ＦＥＴ）である。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢのソースＳは基準端子である。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢのゲートＧは制御端子である。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢのドレンＤは接続端子である。 The FET 55 is located on the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 and is provided on the power line 70N of the negative electrode. The FET 55 includes a charging FET 55A and a discharging FET 55B. The charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B are semiconductor switches for electric power, and more specifically, they are N-channel field effect transistors (FETs). The source S of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a reference terminal. The gate G of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a control terminal. The drain D of the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B is a connection terminal.
　充電用ＦＥＴ５５ＡはソースＳが組電池６０の負極に接続されている。放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢはソースＳが負極外部端子５２に接続されている。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａと放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢとはドレンＤ同士が接続されることによってバックツーバック接続されている。
　充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａは寄生ダイオード５６Ａを有している。寄生ダイオード５６Ａは順方向が放電方向と同一である。放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂは寄生ダイオード５６Ｂを有している。寄生ダイオード５６Ｂは順方向が充電方向と同一である。 In the charging FET 55A, the source S is connected to the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60. In the discharge FET 55B, the source S is connected to the negative electrode external terminal 52. The charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B are back-to-back connected by connecting the drains D to each other.
The charging FET 55A has a parasitic diode 56A. The parasitic diode 56A has the same forward direction as the discharge direction. The discharge FET 55B has a parasitic diode 56B. The parasitic diode 56B has the same forward direction as the charging direction.
　放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢはソースＳが負極外部端子５２に接続されていることから、ボディグランドＧ２が基準電位である。充電用ＦＥＴ５５ＡはソースＳが組電池６０の負極に接続されている。組電池６０の負極は回路基板１００のシグナルグランドＧ１に接続されているので、充電用ＦＥＴ５５ＡはシグナルグランドＧ１が基準電位である。
　充電用ＦＥＴ５５ＡはゲートＧにＨレベルの電圧が印加されることでオンになり、ゲートＧにＬレベルの電圧が印加されることでオフになる。放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂも同様である。 Since the source S of the discharge FET 55B is connected to the negative electrode external terminal 52, the body ground G2 is the reference potential. In the charging FET 55A, the source S is connected to the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60. Since the negative electrode of the assembled battery 60 is connected to the signal ground G1 of the circuit board 100, the signal ground G1 of the charging FET 55A is the reference potential.
The charging FET 55A is turned on when an H level voltage is applied to the gate G, and is turned off when an L level voltage is applied to the gate G. The same applies to the discharge FET 55B.
　管理部１３０は組電池６０から供給される電力によって動作するものであり、パワーライン２２を介してパワーライン７０Ｐに接続されている。管理部１３０はＣＰＵ１３１、ＲＯＭ１３２及びＲＡＭ１３３を備える。ＲＯＭ１３２には制御ソフトウェアや各種の制御データなどが記憶されている。管理部１３０はＲＯＭ１３２に記憶されている制御ソフトウェアを実行することによってバッテリ５０を管理する。本実施形態に係るＲＯＭ１３２はデータを書き換え可能であるとする。 The management unit 130 operates by the electric power supplied from the assembled battery 60, and is connected to the power line 70P via the power line 22. The management unit 130 includes a CPU 131, a ROM 132, and a RAM 133. Control software, various control data, and the like are stored in the ROM 132. The management unit 130 manages the battery 50 by executing the control software stored in the ROM 132. It is assumed that the ROM 132 according to the present embodiment can rewrite data.
　管理部１３０は、正常時、充電用ＦＥＴ５５ＡのゲートＧ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５ＢのゲートＧにＨレベルの電圧を印加し、充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂをオンにする。充電用ＦＥＴ５５Ａ及び放電用ＦＥＴ５５Ｂの双方がオンの場合、組電池６０は充電、放電の双方が可能である。 When normal, the management unit 130 applies an H-level voltage to the gate G of the charging FET 55A and the gate G of the discharging FET 55B to turn on the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B. When both the charging FET 55A and the discharging FET 55B are on, the assembled battery 60 can be both charged and discharged.
　リレー２１は組電池６０の電力を管理部１３０に供給するパワーライン２２（電力線の一例）に設けられている。リレー２１は管理部１３０によってオンオフされる。バッテリ５０はリレー２１がオフの状態で工場出荷される。
　ＵＳＢコネクタ２０はＵＳＢ（Ｕｎｉｖｅｒｓａｌ　Ｓｅｒｉａｌ　Ｂｕｓ）規格のコネクタである。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０は管理部１３０に接続されている。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源が接続されると外部電源から管理部１３０に電力が供給される。管理部１３０はＵＳＢコネクタ２０を介して外部の装置と通信することもできる。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０は、収容体７１に設けられたＵＳＢポートであってもよい。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０を、収容体７１の蓋体７４に設ければ、配線を簡素化できる。 The relay 21 is provided in a power line 22 (an example of a power line) that supplies the electric power of the assembled battery 60 to the management unit 130. The relay 21 is turned on and off by the management unit 130. The battery 50 is shipped from the factory with the relay 21 turned off.
The USB connector 20 is a USB (Universal Serial Bus) standard connector. The USB connector 20 is connected to the management unit 130. When an external power supply is connected to the USB connector 20, power is supplied from the external power supply to the management unit 130. The management unit 130 can also communicate with an external device via the USB connector 20. The USB connector 20 may be a USB port provided in the housing 71. If the USB connector 20 is provided on the lid 74 of the housing 71, wiring can be simplified.
　（３）管理部によって実行される処理
　管理部１３０によって実行される使用開始時のリレーオン処理、ＳＯＣ推定処理、ログ記録処理及びログ送信処理について説明する。 (3) Processing executed by the management unit The relay-on processing, SOC estimation processing, log recording processing, and log transmission processing at the start of use executed by the management unit 130 will be described.
　（３－１）使用開始時のリレーオン処理
　前述したようにバッテリ５０はリレー２１がオフの状態で工場出荷される。使用開始時のリレーオン処理はバッテリ５０の使用を開始するときにリレー２１をオンにする処理である。
　例えば自動二輪車１０の運転者が販売店でバッテリ５０の交換を依頼した場合、販売店のスタッフは自動二輪車１０にバッテリ５０を取り付ける前（あるいは取り付けた後）に、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源を接続する。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源を接続すると外部電源から管理部１３０に電力が供給され、管理部１３０が起動する。管理部１３０は起動するとリレー２１をオンにする。その後はバッテリ５０から供給される電力によって管理部１３０が動作する。 (3-1) Relay-on processing at the start of use As described above, the battery 50 is shipped from the factory with the relay 21 turned off. The relay-on process at the start of use is a process of turning on the relay 21 at the start of use of the battery 50.
For example, when the driver of the motorcycle 10 requests the replacement of the battery 50 at the dealer, the staff of the dealer connects the external power supply to the USB connector 20 before (or after) installing the battery 50 on the motorcycle 10. To do. When an external power supply is connected to the USB connector 20, power is supplied from the external power supply to the management unit 130, and the management unit 130 is activated. When the management unit 130 is activated, the relay 21 is turned on. After that, the management unit 130 operates by the electric power supplied from the battery 50.
　（３－２）ＳＯＣ推定処理
　ＳＯＣ推定処理は、電流積算法によって二次電池６２の充電状態を推定する処理である。電流積算法は、電流センサ５３によって二次電池６２の充放電電流を所定の時間間隔で計測することで二次電池６２に出入りする電力量を計測し、これを初期容量から加減することで充電状態（ＳＯＣ）を推定する方法である。 (3-2) SOC estimation process The SOC estimation process is a process of estimating the charging state of the secondary battery 62 by the current integration method. In the current integration method, the charge / discharge current of the secondary battery 62 is measured by the current sensor 53 at predetermined time intervals to measure the amount of power flowing in and out of the secondary battery 62, and the charge is charged by adjusting this from the initial capacity. It is a method of estimating the state (SOC).
　電流積算法は二次電池６２の使用中でもＳＯＣを推定できるという利点がある反面、常に電流を計測して充放電電力量を積算するので電流センサ５３の計測誤差が累積して次第に不正確になる可能性がある。このため、管理部１３０は、電流積算法によって推定したＳＯＣを二次電池６２の開放電圧（ＯＣＶ）に基づいてリセットしてもよい。
　具体的には、ＯＣＶとＳＯＣとの間には比較的精度の良い相関関係があるので、ＯＣＶからＳＯＣを推定し、電流積算法によって推定したＳＯＣを、ＯＣＶから推定したＳＯＣでリセットしてもよい。 The current integration method has the advantage that the SOC can be estimated even while the secondary battery 62 is in use, but since the current is constantly measured and the charge / discharge power amount is integrated, the measurement error of the current sensor 53 accumulates and gradually becomes inaccurate. there is a possibility. Therefore, the management unit 130 may reset the SOC estimated by the current integration method based on the open circuit voltage (OCV) of the secondary battery 62.
Specifically, since there is a relatively accurate correlation between OCV and SOC, even if the SOC is estimated from OCV and the SOC estimated by the current integration method is reset by the SOC estimated from OCV. Good.
　ＯＣＶは回路が開放されている状態の電圧に限られない。例えば、ＯＣＶは二次電池６２に流れる電流の電流値が微小な基準値未満であるときの電圧であってもよい。 OCV is not limited to the voltage when the circuit is open. For example, the OCV may be a voltage when the current value of the current flowing through the secondary battery 62 is less than a minute reference value.
　（３－３）ログ記録処理
　ログ記録処理は、バッテリ５０に関するログをＲＯＭ１３２に記憶する処理である。バッテリ５０に関するログは二次電池６２の電流値、電圧値、温度、ＳＯＣなどである。バッテリ５０に関するログはこれらに限られるものではなく、適宜に選択可能である。 (3-3) Log recording process The log recording process is a process of storing a log related to the battery 50 in the ROM 132. The log related to the battery 50 is the current value, voltage value, temperature, SOC, etc. of the secondary battery 62. The log regarding the battery 50 is not limited to these, and can be appropriately selected.
　（３－４）ログ送信処理
　ログ送信処理は、バッテリ５０の使用が開始された後、ＲＯＭ１３２に記憶されているログを外部の装置（パーソナルコンピュータ、スマートフォンなど）に送信する処理である。具体的には、作業者が外部の装置をＵＳＢコネクタ２０に接続し、外部の装置を操作してログの受信を指示する。外部の装置はログの受信が指示されるとＵＳＢコネクタ２０を介して管理部１３０にログの送信を要求する。管理部１３０はログの送信を要求されるとＲＯＭ１３２に記憶しているログを外部の装置に送信する。 (3-4) Log Transmission Process The log transmission process is a process of transmitting the log stored in the ROM 132 to an external device (personal computer, smartphone, etc.) after the battery 50 has started to be used. Specifically, the operator connects the external device to the USB connector 20 and operates the external device to instruct the reception of the log. When the external device is instructed to receive the log, the external device requests the management unit 130 to transmit the log via the USB connector 20. When the management unit 130 is requested to transmit the log, the management unit 130 transmits the log stored in the ROM 132 to an external device.
　（４）実施形態の効果
　バッテリ５０によると、二次電池６２から管理部１３０に電力を供給するパワーライン２２に設けられているリレー２１をオフにするので、管理部１３０への電力供給が完全に遮断される。このため管理部１３０によって電力が消費されなくなり、バッテリ５０が長期間放置されてもＳＯＣの低下が抑制される。
　ただし、管理部１３０への電力供給を完全に遮断すると管理部１３０が完全に動作を停止するので、そのままではバッテリ５０の使用を開始できない。バッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源を接続すると外部電源から管理部１３０に電力が供給されるので、管理部１３０を起動できる。管理部１３０は起動するとリレー２１をオンにするので、その後は二次電池６２から供給される電力によって動作する。
　このようにバッテリ５０によると、工場出荷後に長期間放置されてもＳＯＣの低下を抑制でき、且つ、バッテリ５０の使用を開始するときに管理部１３０を起動できる。このため、バッテリ５０を購入した運転者は購入したバッテリ５０を直ぐに使用できる可能性が高くなり、運転者の利便性が向上する。 (4) Effect of the Embodiment According to the battery 50, since the relay 21 provided in the power line 22 that supplies power from the secondary battery 62 to the management unit 130 is turned off, the power supply to the management unit 130 is complete. Is blocked by. Therefore, the power is not consumed by the management unit 130, and the deterioration of the SOC is suppressed even if the battery 50 is left for a long period of time.
However, if the power supply to the management unit 130 is completely cut off, the management unit 130 completely stops operating, so that the battery 50 cannot be used as it is. According to the battery 50, when an external power source is connected to the USB connector 20, power is supplied from the external power source to the management unit 130, so that the management unit 130 can be started. When the management unit 130 is activated, the relay 21 is turned on, and thereafter, it operates by the electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62.
As described above, according to the battery 50, a decrease in SOC can be suppressed even if the battery 50 is left for a long time after being shipped from the factory, and the management unit 130 can be started when the battery 50 is started to be used. Therefore, the driver who has purchased the battery 50 is more likely to be able to use the purchased battery 50 immediately, which improves the convenience of the driver.
　バッテリ５０によると、工場出荷時にリレー２１がオフにされているので、ＳＯＣが所定の閾値以下まで低下するとリレー２１をオフにする場合に比べ、長期間放置されている間の充電状態の低下をより抑制できる。 According to the battery 50, since the relay 21 is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory, when the SOC drops below a predetermined threshold value, the charge state is lowered during a long period of time as compared with the case where the relay 21 is turned off. It can be suppressed more.
　バッテリ５０によると、電源接続端子はＵＳＢコネクタ２０である。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に接続可能な外部電源（例えば携帯電話やスマートフォンなどの携帯端末を充電するためのモバイルバッテリなど）は多く市販されているので一般に安価である。このため、電源接続端子としてＵＳＢコネクタ２０を用いると、管理部１３０を起動するためのコストを低減できる。
　ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に接続可能な外部電源は多く市販されているので入手性が良いという利点もある。ＵＳＢは広く普及しているので、電源接続端子としてＵＳＢコネクタ２０を用いると、販売店のスタッフなどはＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源を接続すればよいことを理解し易いという利点もある。 According to the battery 50, the power connection terminal is the USB connector 20. Since many external power supplies (for example, mobile batteries for charging mobile terminals such as mobile phones and smartphones) that can be connected to the USB connector 20 are commercially available, they are generally inexpensive. Therefore, if the USB connector 20 is used as the power supply connection terminal, the cost for activating the management unit 130 can be reduced.
Since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector 20 are commercially available, there is an advantage that they are easily available. Since USB is widely used, using the USB connector 20 as a power supply connection terminal has an advantage that it is easy for the staff of a store or the like to understand that an external power supply should be connected to the USB connector 20.
　バッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０を、管理部１３０を起動するための外部電源を接続するためだけでなく、外部の装置にログを送信するための通信インタフェースとしても用いることができる。
　バッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部の装置を接続することによってログを送信できるので、ログを取得するためにバッテリ５０を分解しなくてもよい。このため、バッテリ５０を分解する場合に比べてログの取得が容易であるという利点もある。 According to the battery 50, the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for activating the management unit 130 but also as a communication interface for transmitting a log to an external device.
According to the battery 50, the log can be transmitted by connecting an external device to the USB connector 20, so that the battery 50 does not have to be disassembled in order to acquire the log. Therefore, there is an advantage that the log can be easily acquired as compared with the case of disassembling the battery 50.
　＜他の実施形態＞
　本明細書によって開示される技術は上記記述及び図面によって説明した実施形態に限定されるものではなく、例えば次のような実施形態も本明細書によって開示される技術的範囲に含まれる。 <Other embodiments>
The technology disclosed herein is not limited to the embodiments described above and in the drawings, and for example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope disclosed herein.
　（１）上記実施形態では電源接続端子としてＵＳＢコネクタ２０を例に説明したが、電源接続端子はこれに限られない。例えば、電源接続端子は他の規格のコネクタであってもよいし、バッテリ５０専用に設計されたコネクタであってもよい。 (1) In the above embodiment, the USB connector 20 has been described as an example of the power supply connection terminal, but the power supply connection terminal is not limited to this. For example, the power connection terminal may be a connector of another standard, or may be a connector designed exclusively for the battery 50.
　（２）上記実施形態では遮断機としてリレー２１を例に説明したが、遮断機はＦＥＴであってもよい。 (2) In the above embodiment, the relay 21 has been described as an example of the breaker, but the breaker may be an FET.
　（３）上記実施形態では工場出荷時にリレー２１がオフにされている場合を例に説明したが、工場出荷時にリレー２１がオンであってもよい。例えば工場出荷時にバッテリ５０がＳＯＣ９５％以上まで充電されており、長期間放置されている間にＳＯＣが所定の閾値（例えば９０％）以下まで低下するとリレー２１をオフにしてもよい。このようにすると、工場出荷後にバッテリ５０が長期間放置されてもＳＯＣの低下を抑制でき、且つ、バッテリ５０の使用を開始するときに管理部を起動できる。 (3) In the above embodiment, the case where the relay 21 is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory has been described as an example, but the relay 21 may be turned on at the time of shipment from the factory. For example, the relay 21 may be turned off when the battery 50 is charged to SOC 95% or more at the time of shipment from the factory and the SOC drops to a predetermined threshold value (for example, 90%) or less while being left for a long period of time. In this way, even if the battery 50 is left for a long period of time after being shipped from the factory, a decrease in SOC can be suppressed, and the management unit can be started when the battery 50 is started to be used.
　（４）上記実施形態ではバッテリ５０として自動二輪車１０のエンジン始動用のバッテリを例に説明したが、バッテリ５０の用途はこれに限られない。例えば、バッテリ５０は四輪自動車のエンジン始動用のバッテリであってもよいし、電気自動車やプラグインハイブリッド自動車、電動二輪車に搭載されて補機類に電力を供給する補機用のバッテリであってもよい。バッテリ５０は無停電電源装置（ＵＰＳ）に用いられるバッテリあってもよい。 (4) In the above embodiment, the battery 50 for starting the engine of the motorcycle 10 has been described as an example, but the use of the battery 50 is not limited to this. For example, the battery 50 may be a battery for starting an engine of a four-wheeled vehicle, or a battery for auxiliary equipment mounted on an electric vehicle, a plug-in hybrid vehicle, or an electric two-wheeled vehicle to supply power to auxiliary equipment. You may. The battery 50 may be a battery used in an uninterruptible power supply (UPS).
　（５）バッテリ５０はＵＳＢコネクタ２０を介して管理部１３０の制御ソフトウェアを更新可能であってもよい。具体的には例えば、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部のコンピュータを接続し、ＲＯＭ１３２に記憶されている制御ソフトウェアを外部のコンピュータから書き換え可能な構成であってもよい。このようにすると工場出荷後であってもバッテリ５０の機能を改善できる。
　すなわち、バッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０を、管理部１３０を起動するための外部電源を接続するためだけでなく、制御ソフトウェアを更新するための通信インタフェースとしても用いることができる。 (5) The battery 50 may be able to update the control software of the management unit 130 via the USB connector 20. Specifically, for example, an external computer may be connected to the USB connector 20 and the control software stored in the ROM 132 may be rewritable from the external computer. In this way, the function of the battery 50 can be improved even after the factory shipment.
That is, according to the battery 50, the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for starting the management unit 130 but also as a communication interface for updating the control software.
　（６）図７に示すように、バッテリ５０はＵＳＢコネクタ２０に接続された外部電源から供給される電力によって組電池６０を充電する充電部１３４を備えてもよい。図７に示すように、充電部１３４は組電池６０と並列に接続されている。ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源が接続されると、充電部１３４は外部電源から印加される電圧を昇圧（例えば５Ｖから１３Ｖに昇圧）して組電池６０を充電する。
　図７に示すバッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に外部電源を接続することにより、組電池６０を充電できる。すなわち、バッテリ５０によると、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０を、管理部１３０を起動するための外部電源を接続するためだけでなく、組電池６０の充電にも用いることができる。
　ＵＳＢコネクタ２０に接続可能な外部電源は多く市販されているので、組電池６０を充電するための専用の充電器を用意する必要がない。このため組電池６０を充電するときの利便性が向上するという利点もある。
　（７）図８に示すように、バッテリ５０は、二つのＵＳＢコネクタ２０を備えてもよい。例えば、収容体７１に二つのＵＳＢポートが設けられていてもよい。それら二つのＵＳＢコネクタ２０に、図示しない一本のＵＳＢケーブルの一端と他端を接続してもよい。
　このバッテリ５０は、正極外部端子５１及び負極外部端子５２と、二次電池６２と、前記二次電池６２から供給される電力によって動作する管理部１３０と、前記二次電池６２から前記管理部１３０に電力を供給するパワーライン２２に設けられている遮断器２１と、電源接続端子２０，２０と、を備え、前記遮断器２１がオフ（オープン）にされている場合、一方の電源接続端子２０にケーブルを介して他方の電源接続端子２０及び二次電池６２（電源）が接続されると、前記二次電池６２から前記管理部１３０に電力が供給されて前記管理部１３０が起動し、前記遮断器２１をオン（クローズ）にする。この構成によれば、管理部１３０の起動のために外部電源が必要ない。 (6) As shown in FIG. 7, the battery 50 may include a charging unit 134 that charges the assembled battery 60 with electric power supplied from an external power source connected to the USB connector 20. As shown in FIG. 7, the charging unit 134 is connected in parallel with the assembled battery 60. When an external power supply is connected to the USB connector 20, the charging unit 134 boosts the voltage applied from the external power supply (for example, boosts from 5V to 13V) to charge the assembled battery 60.
According to the battery 50 shown in FIG. 7, the assembled battery 60 can be charged by connecting an external power source to the USB connector 20. That is, according to the battery 50, the USB connector 20 can be used not only for connecting an external power source for activating the management unit 130 but also for charging the assembled battery 60.
Since many external power supplies that can be connected to the USB connector 20 are commercially available, it is not necessary to prepare a dedicated charger for charging the assembled battery 60. Therefore, there is an advantage that the convenience when charging the assembled battery 60 is improved.
(7) As shown in FIG. 8, the battery 50 may include two USB connectors 20. For example, the housing 71 may be provided with two USB ports. One end and the other end of one USB cable (not shown) may be connected to the two USB connectors 20.
The battery 50 includes a positive positive external terminal 51, a negative negative external terminal 52, a secondary battery 62, a management unit 130 operated by electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62, and the secondary battery 62 to the management unit 130. A breaker 21 provided on the power line 22 for supplying power to the power line 22 and power supply connection terminals 20 and 20 are provided. When the breaker 21 is turned off (open), one power supply connection terminal 20 is provided. When the other power connection terminal 20 and the secondary battery 62 (power supply) are connected to the power supply connection terminal 20 via a cable, power is supplied from the secondary battery 62 to the management unit 130 to start the management unit 130, and the management unit 130 is activated. Turn on (close) the breaker 21. According to this configuration, no external power supply is required to start the management unit 130.
　（８）バッテリ５０は、正極外部端子５１及び負極外部端子５２と、二次電池６２と、前記二次電池６２から供給される電力によって動作する管理部１３０と、前記二次電池６２から前記管理部１３０に電力を供給するパワーライン２２に設けられている遮断器２１と、収容体７１に設けられたＵＳＢコネクタ（ＵＳＢポート）２０と、を備えてもよい。前記遮断器２１がオフ（オープン）にされている場合、ＵＳＢコネクタ２０を介して外部の装置が接続されると前記管理部１３０が起動し、前記遮断器２１をオン（クローズ）にしてもよい。
　定格１２Ｖのバッテリ５０の収容体７１に、正極外部端子５１及び負極外部端子５２とは別個に、電源接続端子（ＵＳＢコネクタ）が設けられている構成は従来存在せず、新規である。バッテリ５０は、定格２４Ｖであってもよいし、定格４８Ｖであってもよい。
　（９）上記実施形態では蓄電素子として二次電池６２を例に説明したが、蓄電素子はこれに限られない。例えば、蓄電素子は電気化学反応を伴うキャパシタであってもよい。 (8) The battery 50 includes a positive electrode external terminal 51, a negative electrode external terminal 52, a secondary battery 62, a management unit 130 operated by electric power supplied from the secondary battery 62, and the management from the secondary battery 62. A breaker 21 provided on the power line 22 for supplying power to the unit 130 and a USB connector (USB port) 20 provided on the accommodating body 71 may be provided. When the circuit breaker 21 is turned off (open), the management unit 130 may be activated when an external device is connected via the USB connector 20, and the circuit breaker 21 may be turned on (closed). ..
A configuration in which a power supply connection terminal (USB connector) is provided separately from the positive electrode external terminal 51 and the negative electrode external terminal 52 in the housing 71 of the battery 50 having a rating of 12 V does not exist in the past and is new. The battery 50 may have a rating of 24V or a rating of 48V.
(9) In the above embodiment, the secondary battery 62 has been described as an example of the power storage element, but the power storage element is not limited to this. For example, the power storage element may be a capacitor that involves an electrochemical reaction.
２０　ＵＳＢコネクタ（電源接続端子の一例）
２１　リレー（遮断器の一例）
２２　パワーライン（電力線の一例）
５０　バッテリ（蓄電装置の一例）
６２　二次電池（蓄電素子の一例）
１３０　管理部
１３４　充電部 20 USB connector (example of power connection terminal)
21 Relay (an example of a circuit breaker)
22 Power line (an example of power line)
50 Battery (an example of power storage device)
62 Secondary battery (an example of power storage element)
130 Management unit 134 Charging unit

Claims (9)

  1. 　蓄電装置であって、
    　正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、
    　蓄電素子と、
    　前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、
    　前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、
    　電源が接続される電源接続端子と、
    を備え、
    　前記遮断器がオフにされている場合、前記電源接続端子に前記電源が接続されると、前記電源から前記管理部に電力が供給されて前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオンにする、蓄電装置。     It is a power storage device
    Positive electrode external terminal and negative electrode external terminal,
    Power storage element and
    A management unit operated by the electric power supplied from the power storage element, and
    A circuit breaker provided on a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit,
    The power connection terminal to which the power is connected and
    With
    When the circuit breaker is turned off, when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, power is supplied from the power supply to the management unit to start the management unit and turn on the circuit breaker. , Power storage device.
  2. 　蓄電装置であって、
    　正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、
    　蓄電素子と、
    　前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、
    　前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器と、
    　電源接続端子と、
    を備え、
    　前記遮断器がオフにされている場合、前記電源接続端子に外部の装置が接続されると前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオンにする、蓄電装置。     It is a power storage device
    Positive electrode external terminal and negative electrode external terminal,
    Power storage element and
    A management unit operated by the electric power supplied from the power storage element, and
    A circuit breaker provided on a power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit,
    Power connection terminal and
    With
    A power storage device that, when the circuit breaker is turned off, activates the management unit when an external device is connected to the power supply connection terminal to turn on the circuit breaker.
  3. 　請求項１又は請求項２に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記遮断器は工場出荷時にオフにされている、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to claim 1 or 2.
    The circuit breaker is a power storage device that is turned off at the time of shipment from the factory.
  4. 　請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記管理部は、前記蓄電素子の充電状態が所定の閾値以下まで低下すると前記遮断器をオフにする、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
    The management unit is a power storage device that turns off the circuit breaker when the charge state of the power storage element drops to a predetermined threshold value or less.
  5. 　請求項１乃至請求項４のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記電源接続端子はユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタである、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
    The power storage device is a universal serial bus connector.
  6. 　請求項５に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記管理部は、前記蓄電素子に関するログを記録し、前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタを介して外部の装置に前記ログを送信する、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to claim 5.
    The management unit is a power storage device that records a log related to the power storage element and transmits the log to an external device via the universal serial bus connector.
  7. 　請求項５又は請求項６に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタを介して前記管理部の制御ソフトウェアを更新可能である、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to claim 5 or 6.
    A power storage device capable of updating the control software of the management unit via the universal serial bus connector.
  8. 　請求項５乃至請求項７のいずれか一項に記載の蓄電装置であって、
    　前記ユニバーサルシリアルバスコネクタに接続された外部電源から供給される電力によって前記蓄電素子を充電する充電部を備える、蓄電装置。     The power storage device according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
    A power storage device including a charging unit that charges the power storage element with electric power supplied from an external power source connected to the universal serial bus connector.
  9. 　正極外部端子及び負極外部端子と、蓄電素子と、前記蓄電素子から供給される電力によって動作する管理部と、電源接続端子とを備える蓄電装置の充電状態の低下抑制方法であって、
    　前記蓄電素子から前記管理部に電力を供給する電力線に設けられている遮断器がオフにされている場合、前記電源接続端子に電源が接続されると、前記電源から前記管理部に電力が供給されて前記管理部が起動し、前記遮断器をオンにする、充電状態の低下抑制方法。     A method for suppressing a decrease in the charging state of a power storage device including a positive electrode external terminal, a negative electrode external terminal, a power storage element, a management unit operated by electric power supplied from the power storage element, and a power supply connection terminal.
    When the circuit breaker provided in the power line that supplies power from the power storage element to the management unit is turned off, when the power supply is connected to the power supply connection terminal, power is supplied from the power supply to the management unit. A method of suppressing a decrease in the charging state, in which the management unit is activated and the circuit breaker is turned on.
PCT/JP2020/016145 2019-04-23 2020-04-10 Power storage device and method for suppressing deterioration of state of charge WO2020218032A1 (en)

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JP2011182592A (en) * 2010-03-02 2011-09-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Battery pack
JP2013538419A (en) * 2010-08-13 2013-10-10 エルジー・ケム・リミテッド Secondary battery management device
JP2013102649A (en) * 2011-11-09 2013-05-23 Makita Corp Battery pack
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