WO2020216746A1 - Arbre à cames - Google Patents

Arbre à cames Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020216746A1
WO2020216746A1 PCT/EP2020/061095 EP2020061095W WO2020216746A1 WO 2020216746 A1 WO2020216746 A1 WO 2020216746A1 EP 2020061095 W EP2020061095 W EP 2020061095W WO 2020216746 A1 WO2020216746 A1 WO 2020216746A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support shaft
cam
recess
camshaft
camshaft according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/061095
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Dietel
Michael Kunz
Original Assignee
Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag
Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag, Thyssenkrupp Ag filed Critical Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag
Publication of WO2020216746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020216746A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471—Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473—Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
    • F01L2303/01—Tools for producing, mounting or adjusting, e.g. some part of the distribution

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a camshaft with a sliding cam according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a camshaft of the aforementioned type is known from DE102014111383 A1.
  • a camshaft with a displacement and torque transmission device for the displacement cam is described, in which the displacement and torque transmission device is set up so that the displacement cam is axially displaceable but non-rotatably connected to the support shaft, the displacement and torque transmission device having at least one recess on the support shaft side , comprises a sliding cam-side recess and a bearing body.
  • the recesses thus comprises an inlet section and an outlet section as well as a receiving section for the bearing body arranged between the inlet section and the outlet section.
  • a camshaft has become known in which the displacement and torque transmission device comprises at least one recess on the support shaft side, one recess on the displacement cam side and a bearing body, the recess on the support shaft side having an inlet section, an outlet section and one between the inlet section and the outlet section comprises arranged receiving portion.
  • the recess on the support shaft side accordingly extends in the axial direction only over part of the support shaft.
  • the present invention comes into play and sets itself the task of providing an improved camshaft of the aforementioned type which overcomes, or at least alleviates, the aforementioned disadvantages.
  • a camshaft with the characterizing features of claim 1. Because the support shaft is equipped with a first retaining ring and a second retaining ring, the first retaining ring forming a first stop and the second retaining ring forming a second stop for a bearing body received in the receiving section, the recess on the support shaft side in the support shaft can be made with simple mechanical processing methods (Ball or disk milling cutters). In this respect, inexpensive production methods suitable for series production are suitable for producing the recesses that only partially run in the support shaft. Likewise, the rising of the bearing body at the tangentially tapering recess ends is reduced and thus jamming of the sliding cam is avoided.
  • a first annular groove and preferably a second annular groove is provided in the support shaft, the first annular groove crossing the inlet section and preferably the second annular groove crossing the outlet section, the first locking ring being inserted in the first annular groove , wherein in particular the second locking ring is inserted in the second annular groove.
  • annular groove is particularly suitable for receiving the securing ring; in particular, the dimensions of the annular groove can be matched to the securing ring so that, on the one hand, there is contact with the annular groove flank in the axial direction. On the other hand, the depth of the annular groove can be designed in such a way that the height of the locking ring is above the
  • Support shaft surface can be determined, for example flush or protruding.
  • the recess on the support shaft side and / or the recess on the sliding cam side is a groove in the axial direction of the
  • Camshaft acts.
  • a suitable bearing body for example a cylindrical pin, a simply constructed displacement and torque transmission device with the required properties can be provided.
  • the recess have, at least in sections, a shape that corresponds to the bearing body received. Accordingly, there is an advantageous form-fitting connection for transmitting a torque between the
  • the preferred shape of a bearing body is a circular cylindrical pin, so that for this embodiment there are preferably two grooves with a semicircular cross section for the associated recesses.
  • At least one annular groove preferably both annular grooves, are designed so deep that an inserted locking ring or the inserted locking rings do not protrude beyond the outer diameter of the support shaft.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, sit with pretension on the support shaft, in particular the base jacket surfaces of the annular grooves.
  • the circlips should sit with pretension on the outer surface of the groove so that they cannot twist in the circumferential direction due to the frictional engagement.
  • the clamping on the support shaft prevents the ring from having too much play within the recess and possibly protruding beyond the recess in an uncontrolled manner, which in turn could result in unintentional jamming of the sliding cam.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, are made from spring steel sheet.
  • Spring steel sheet is preferably suitable as the material for the retaining rings, since this allows a certain preload to be generated and the retaining rings to sit firmly on the support shaft.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings
  • the ring can be spread open a little for assembly and easily assembled.
  • the securing ring can also be slightly undersized and thus rest against the support shaft or in the annular groove with a corresponding force fit.
  • the ring slot is also advantageously rotated during assembly on the support shaft so that it is not aligned with a bearing body groove, which is intended to avoid spreading of the ring when the bearing body is axially applied to the ring.
  • at least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, are designed to be closed. Closed retaining rings are easy to manufacture and have greater stability than slotted retaining rings.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, is equipped with bulges.
  • This configuration of the securing ring is particularly suitable in connection with a closed securing ring.
  • it is a shape that allows the retaining rings to be expanded in the radial direction (in diameter) in order to facilitate assembly on the support shaft.
  • a certain spring-back effect can also be achieved via the bulges, so that the locking ring rests on the support shaft or in the annular groove with a corresponding force fit.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, have cut-out pockets and / or set tabs. Both measures can be used to prevent rotation, for example by having the bearing body project a section into the cut-out pocket.
  • the set tab can also extend into a hollow bearing body, so that in this way, too, an anti-rotation lock for the locking ring can be ensured. With the raised tab, the axial contact surface for the bearing body can also be enlarged.
  • At least one securing ring preferably the securing rings, cover only part of the inlet or outlet section and have a backing to the receiving section of the recess.
  • the recess on the support shaft side extends only over a section of the support shaft.
  • the above-mentioned inlet section results accordingly, Outlet section and the receiving section arranged between the aforementioned sections.
  • FIG. 1 shows a camshaft according to the invention in a perspective view
  • FIG. 1a shows an enlarged section of a camshaft according to the invention
  • FIG. 2a shows a detail “A” according to FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of a camshaft according to the invention
  • FIG. 3a shows a detail “B” according to FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a support shaft of a camshaft according to the invention in a perspective view
  • FIG. 5 shows a section of a camshaft according to the invention with another
  • FIG. 5a shows a detail “A” according to FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 6 shows a section of a camshaft according to the invention with another
  • FIG. 6a shows a detail “B” according to FIG. 6;
  • the following reference symbols are used in the figures:
  • FIG. 1 Reference is first made to FIG. 1.
  • a camshaft according to the invention essentially comprises a support shaft 1 and at least one displacement cam 2.
  • the support shaft 1 is preferably configured as a hollow shaft.
  • the shift cam 2 is received on the support shaft 1, so has corresponding to an opening 24 running in the axial direction of the sliding cams with an inner wall.
  • the displacement cam 2 has a first cam 21 with a first cam contour and at least one second cam 22 with a second cam contour. Further cams with a corresponding cam contour are also conceivable. The cam contours are different for generating different valve controls. The different cam contours can also be generated by different phase positions of the cam.
  • the shifting cam 2 is preferably equipped with at least one slide track 23 in which a pin of a cam actuator (not shown) can engage to shift the shifting cam 2. In combination with an internal combustion engine with gas exchange valves, either the first cam 21 or the second cam 22 can be moved into a valve control position, so that different control times can be implemented.
  • the camshaft according to the invention can be equipped with further components, such as an inner shaft, locking means, etc. Reference is made here to the components as described in DE 10 2014 007 287 A1 by the applicant.
  • the displacement cam 2 is axially displaceable, but connected to the support shaft 1 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a displacement and torque transmission device comprising at least one recess 11 on the support shaft side, one recess 25 on the displacement cam side and a bearing body 3.
  • the displacement and torque transmission device comprises more than one pair of recesses 11, 25 and associated bearing bodies 3, preferably several pairs of recesses 11, 25, each with associated bearing bodies 3, are arranged distributed over the circumference. In the following, a plurality of pairs of recesses 11, 25 with associated bearing bodies 3 will be assumed.
  • the recesses 11 on the support shaft side run in the axial direction over a section of the outer surface of the support shaft 1.
  • the recess is preferably a groove.
  • the recesses 25 on the sliding cam side run in the axial direction in the opening 24 or the inner wall of the sliding cam 2.
  • a bearing body 3 is inserted between the recess 11 on the support shaft side and the recess 25 on the displacement cam side.
  • the shifting cam 2 can accordingly be shifted, but not rotated, or torques can be transmitted between the support shaft 1 and the shifting and torque transmission device.
  • the recesses 11 on the support shaft side each have an inlet section 111 and an outlet section 112 in the axial direction as well as a receiving section 113 arranged between the inlet section and the outlet section.
  • the receiving section 113 is the section provided for receiving the bearing body 3.
  • the receiving section 113 and the respective sliding-cam-side recess 25 overall have a shape corresponding to the inserted bearing body 3, for example the receiving section 113 and the sliding-cam-side recess 25 are each semicircular in cross-section to accommodate a bearing body 3 designed as a round cylinder.
  • the bearing body can be designed as a hollow body, but also as a solid body. It is also advantageous if the axial displacement of the bearing body is limited to the tolerances resulting from the play of the production in order to reduce the impact load on the retaining rings and to keep the necessary axial installation space low.
  • the inlet section 111 or the outlet section 112 rises or falls, as a result of the manufacturing process, in a ramp-shaped manner from the surface of the support shaft. This configuration arises when the recesses on the support shaft side are produced, for example, with a side milling cutter.
  • the support shaft 1 is equipped with a first locking ring 5 and preferably a second locking ring 5a, wherein the first locking ring 5 forms a first stop and preferably the second locking ring 5a forms a second stop for a bearing body 3 received in the receiving section.
  • a first annular groove 4 and preferably a second annular groove 4a are preferably provided in the support shaft 1, the first annular groove 4 crossing the inlet section 111 and preferably the second annular groove 4a crossing the outlet section 112, the first locking ring 5 being inserted in the first annular groove 4 and serves as a first stop for the bearing body 3, the second retaining ring 5a preferably being inserted in the second annular groove 4a and serving as a second stop for the bearing body 3.
  • the bearing body 3 is therefore axially fixed between the retaining rings 5, 5a or has an intended slight axial play, which, however, is harmless for tilting the sliding cam.
  • the securing rings 5, 5a thus ensure that tilting of the displacement cam 2 is impossible, but at least extremely unlikely.
  • the annular grooves 4, 4a of the securing rings 5, 5a are preferably designed so deep that the securing rings 5, 5a do not protrude beyond the outer diameter of the support shaft 1. As a result, the retaining rings 5, 5a can be preassembled on the support shaft before the support shaft is pushed into the closed camshaft bearing.
  • the securing rings 5, 5a can preferably be designed to be closed and have a shape that allows the rings to be expanded in the radial direction (in diameter) in order to ensure assembly on the support shaft 1.
  • the securing rings are equipped with bulges 7 which allow the closed securing ring to expand.
  • the securing rings 5, 5a can, however, also advantageously be slotted, ie they can be equipped with a slot 6.
  • the ring slot 6 is advantageously rotated during assembly on the support shaft 1 so that it is not aligned with a bearing body 3, which causes the circlip to spread when the bearing body 3 is axially applied to the circlip 5, 5a should be avoided.
  • a certain spring-back effect can also be used for a tight fit or non-positive connection between the securing ring 5, 5a and the support shaft 1, in particular the annular groove 4, 4a.
  • the locking rings 5, 5a are particularly advantageously made from spring steel sheet.
  • the securing rings 5, 5a should sit with pretension on the basic lateral surfaces of the annular grooves 4, 4a so that the securing rings 5, 5a cannot rotate in the circumferential direction as a result of the frictional engagement.
  • the clamping of the retaining rings 5, 5a on the support shaft prevents the retaining ring 5, 5a from rattling around within the annular groove 4, 4a.
  • locking rings 5, 5a have e.g. cut-out pockets 8 and / or set tabs 9, on the one hand to ensure a rotation lock and on the other hand to enlarge the axial contact surface for the bearing body.
  • the securing ring 5 or 5a preferably completely covers the inlet section 111 or outlet section 112, so that the securing ring forms a stop directly at the end of the receiving section for the bearing body 3.
  • the locking ring 5 and 5a in order to minimize the axial installation space of the locking rings, can only cover part of the inlet or outlet section 111 or 112 and ultimately have a backing 10 to the receiving section 113 of the recess 11, so that there is little climbing the bearing body 3 is approved.
  • a plurality of shifting cams 2, 2 ' , 2 " , 2 “' are received on the support shaft 1, with a first locking ring 5 and a second locking ring 5a being associated with each shifting cam on the support shaft.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un arbre à cames comprenant un arbre support (1) et au moins une came de déplacement (2), ladite came de déplacement (2) comprenant une première came (21) ayant un premier contour de came ainsi qu'au moins une deuxième came (22) ayant un second contour de came, l'arbre à cames étant équipé d'un dispositif de déplacement et de transmission de couple, lequel est conçu de sorte que la came de déplacement (2) est reliée à l'arbre support (1) de manière à coulisser dans le sens axial, tout en résistant à la torsion, le dispositif de déplacement et de transmission de couple comprenant au moins une cavité côté arbre support (11), une cavité côté came de déplacement (25) et un corps d'appui (3), la cavité côté arbre support (11) comprenant une partie entrée (111), une partie sortie (112) ainsi qu'une partie de réception (113) agencée entre la partie entrée et la partie sortie, l'arbre support étant muni d'une première bague de fixation (5) et d'une seconde bague de fixation (5a), la première bague de fixation (5) constituant une première butée et la seconde bague de fixation (5a) constituant une seconde butée pour un corps d'appui (3) reçu dans la partie de réception (113).
PCT/EP2020/061095 2019-04-26 2020-04-21 Arbre à cames WO2020216746A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019206044.7 2019-04-26
DE102019206044.7A DE102019206044A1 (de) 2019-04-26 2019-04-26 Nockenwelle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020216746A1 true WO2020216746A1 (fr) 2020-10-29

Family

ID=70465019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2020/061095 WO2020216746A1 (fr) 2019-04-26 2020-04-21 Arbre à cames

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102019206044A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020216746A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107476840A (zh) * 2017-09-22 2017-12-15 绵阳深度数控科技有限公司 凸轮轴装配结构和凸轮轴装配工艺

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0253968A1 (fr) * 1986-07-25 1988-01-27 Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fixation axiale d'un élément de construction sur un arbre respectivement dans un trou de forage
US20110315100A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Falk Schneider Camshaft
DE102012013122A1 (de) * 2012-06-30 2014-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine
DE102012016672A1 (de) * 2012-08-23 2014-02-27 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventiltrieb
DE102014007287A1 (de) 2014-05-20 2015-11-26 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Nockenwelle
DE102014111383A1 (de) 2014-08-11 2016-02-11 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Nockenwelle mit Schiebenockenpaket
EP3374654A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2018-09-19 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Frein à disque pour un véhicule utilitaire

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0253968A1 (fr) * 1986-07-25 1988-01-27 Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de fixation axiale d'un élément de construction sur un arbre respectivement dans un trou de forage
US20110315100A1 (en) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Falk Schneider Camshaft
DE102012013122A1 (de) * 2012-06-30 2014-01-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hydrostatische Axialkolbenmaschine
DE102012016672A1 (de) * 2012-08-23 2014-02-27 Audi Ag Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventiltrieb
DE102014007287A1 (de) 2014-05-20 2015-11-26 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Nockenwelle
DE102014111383A1 (de) 2014-08-11 2016-02-11 Thyssenkrupp Presta Teccenter Ag Nockenwelle mit Schiebenockenpaket
EP3374654A1 (fr) * 2015-11-09 2018-09-19 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Frein à disque pour un véhicule utilitaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102019206044A1 (de) 2020-10-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2286067B1 (fr) Système d'arbre à cames ajustable
EP2464895B1 (fr) Procédé de production de l'écrou fileté d'une vis à billes
EP2340360B1 (fr) Arbre a cames assemblé et méthode de fabrication
DE102007018920B3 (de) Antriebswelle
WO2009013074A2 (fr) Générateur harmonique pour une transmission harmonique
EP2358980B1 (fr) Ensemble arbre a cames reglable
WO2012104242A1 (fr) Dispositif destiné à modifier la position angulaire relative d' un arbre à cames par rapport au vilebrequin d'un moteur à combustion interne
WO2011003865A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un composant de transmission de course
WO2019170198A1 (fr) Transmission à ondulations et procédé de fabrication d'un composant de transmission élastique
EP3067524A1 (fr) Élément de réglage destiné à un déplacement axial d'un ensemble de cames coulissant le long d'un axe d'arbre à came
DE102014111383A1 (de) Nockenwelle mit Schiebenockenpaket
DE102008019586A1 (de) Nockenwellenverstellvorrichtung
WO2005059389A1 (fr) Chemin de roulement exterieur d'un roulement de roue et fixation axiale du chemin de roulement exterieur
EP1760339A2 (fr) Bague de roulement
EP3328683B1 (fr) Dispositif de réglage de siège avec verrouillage supplémentaire
DE102012016672A1 (de) Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Ventiltrieb
WO2020216746A1 (fr) Arbre à cames
DE10007991A1 (de) Getriebe
DE102008049978A1 (de) Schalteinheit mit Kupplungskörper
DE102015214623A1 (de) Nockenwellenverstellvorrichtung
EP3129614B1 (fr) Arbre à cames réglable
DE102010004579A1 (de) Ventiltrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102016210024A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer gebauten Nockenwelle einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE102014007166B4 (de) Ventiltrieb für eine Brennkraftmaschine sowie Brennkraftmaschine mit wenigstens einem Ventiltrieb
DE102018112220B3 (de) Drehmomentübertragungsvorrichtung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20721495

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20721495

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1