WO2020216068A1 - 发送参考信号的方法和装置 - Google Patents

发送参考信号的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020216068A1
WO2020216068A1 PCT/CN2020/083927 CN2020083927W WO2020216068A1 WO 2020216068 A1 WO2020216068 A1 WO 2020216068A1 CN 2020083927 W CN2020083927 W CN 2020083927W WO 2020216068 A1 WO2020216068 A1 WO 2020216068A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reference signal
sequence
symbol
same
subsequence
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/083927
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凤威
陈磊
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP20796058.4A priority Critical patent/EP3952190A4/en
Publication of WO2020216068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020216068A1/zh
Priority to US17/506,877 priority patent/US20220038238A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2627—Modulators
    • H04L27/2634—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation
    • H04L27/2636—Inverse fast Fourier transform [IFFT] or inverse discrete Fourier transform [IDFT] modulators in combination with other circuits for modulation with FFT or DFT modulators, e.g. standard single-carrier frequency-division multiple access [SC-FDMA] transmitter or DFT spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [DFT-SOFDM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H04L5/001—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a method and device for transmitting reference signals, a method and device for receiving reference signals, and communication equipment.
  • a sequence of the reference signal can be generated and modulated in the time domain.
  • the sequence of the reference signal of this technology is generated in the time domain, there is a case where the sequence is not constant in the frequency domain, which causes the flatness of the reference signal in the frequency domain to decrease, and affects the performance of the reference signal.
  • the present application provides a method and device for sending a reference signal, a method and device for receiving a reference signal, and a communication device, which can improve the flatness of the reference signal in the frequency domain, thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • a method for sending a reference signal including: a first device generates a first reference signal according to a first sequence, and generates a second reference signal according to a second sequence, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence The sequence is a complementary sequence; the first device transmits the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource.
  • the frequency domain of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the flatness thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • the first device is a terminal device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in uplink transmission.
  • the first device is an access device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in downlink transmission.
  • the first sequence is a symbol sequence produced after the first original sequence is time-domain modulated.
  • the second sequence is a symbol sequence produced after the second original sequence is time-domain modulated.
  • first original sequence and the second original sequence are complementary sequences.
  • the time-domain modulation includes a modulation based on a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (discrete fourier transformation spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, DFT-s-OFDM) waveform.
  • a discrete Fourier transform extended orthogonal frequency division multiplexing discrete fourier transformation spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, DFT-s-OFDM
  • the time-domain modulation includes pi/2-binary phase shift keying (pi/2-BPSK) modulation.
  • pi/2-BPSK pi/2-binary phase shift keying
  • the first original sequence and the second original sequence include Golay sequences (Golay sequences), or Golay complementary sequences (Golay complementary sequences).
  • the first original sequence includes: [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1 , 1, -1, -1, 1].
  • the second original sequence includes: [1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,1,-1,1,-1,1, 1, -1].
  • the first device generating a first reference signal according to a first sequence, and generating a second reference signal according to a second sequence includes: the first device performs a fast Fourier transform (fast fourier transform) on the first sequence. transformation, FFT) or discrete Fourier transform (discrete fourier transform, DFT) to obtain a first frequency domain sequence, and generate a first reference signal according to the first frequency domain sequence, and the first device performs Perform FFT or DFT on the two sequences to obtain a second frequency domain sequence, and generate a second reference signal according to the second frequency domain sequence.
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the first original sequence and the second original sequence are complementary sequences
  • 2 Each element in is a constant.
  • the same resource includes the same set of subcarriers.
  • the first device transmits the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and uses the same resource
  • the first device can be understood as the first device via the same antenna port and the same subcarrier. Sending the first reference signal and the second reference signal collectively.
  • the set of subcarriers carrying the first reference signal is the same as the set of subcarriers carrying the second reference signal.
  • the index number (or position) of the subcarrier carrying the first reference signal is the same as the index number (or position) of the subcarrier carrying the second reference signal.
  • the same resource includes the same time unit.
  • the first device uses the same antenna port to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal using the same resource
  • the first device uses the same antenna port and uses the same time unit Sending the first reference signal and the second reference signal within.
  • the symbol carrying the first reference signal (denoted as the first symbol) and the symbol carrying the second reference signal (denoted as the second symbol) are located in the same time unit.
  • the time unit may include a time slot, a mini-slot or a set of symbols.
  • the time unit includes at least two symbols, and the symbol carrying the first reference signal and the symbol carrying the second reference signal are consecutive.
  • first symbol and the second symbol may be continuous.
  • the first symbol and the second symbol may not be continuous.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal are reference signals used for data demodulation.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal may include a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • the length of the symbol carrying the first reference signal is 1/2 of the length of the symbol carrying data.
  • the length of the symbol carrying the second reference signal is 1/2 of the length of the symbol carrying data.
  • the size of the subcarrier spacing of the data channel (such as PUSCH or PDSCH) is configured as the first subcarrier spacing (SCS), denoted as SCS0
  • SCS0 the first subcarrier spacing
  • the size of the subcarrier spacing is 2 ⁇ SCS0. Therefore, it can be easily realized that the symbol length of the first reference signal and the second reference signal in the time domain is 1/2 of the data symbol length.
  • the first sequence includes a first subsequence and a second subsequence
  • the second sequence includes a third subsequence and a second subsequence, wherein the first subsequence and the second subsequence
  • the sequence is a complementary sequence
  • the third subsequence and the second subsequence are complementary sequences, and. If the first subsequence is Ta, then the third subsequence is -1 ⁇ Ta.
  • the first sequence and the second sequence can be easily acquired.
  • the second subsequence is located at the end of the first sequence and the second sequence.
  • the first reference signal and the first reference signal of the one sent later does not include the cycle The prefix CP.
  • the first device uses the same resource to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port includes: the first device uses the same antenna port, uses the same resource, and uses the same The beam set transmits the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • the first device using the same antenna port, using the same resource, and using the same beam set to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal includes: the first device using the same antenna port
  • the same resource uses the same beam set to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal based on the same beam transmission sequence.
  • the solution provided in the present application can be used for beam switching or beam scanning.
  • the ratio of subcarriers carrying the first reference signal or the second reference signal in one resource block is 1/3, 1/6, or 1/12.
  • the subcarriers carrying the first reference signal and the second reference signal in the block are included in one resource.
  • the length K of the first sequence and the second sequence can easily meet the requirement of the complementary sequence.
  • the frequency domain sequence of the first reference signal is mapped to the component on the first antenna port, the first subcarrier, and the first symbol Satisfy:
  • r(k) represents the k-th element in the frequency domain sequence
  • K represents the length of the first sequence
  • p represents the port number of the first antenna port
  • m represents the first subcarrier index
  • l 1 represents the index of the first symbol
  • m k / D + C , C ⁇ [0,2]
  • D represents the density of the first frequency domain reference signal.
  • the frequency domain sequence of the second reference signal is mapped to the component on the first antenna port, the first subcarrier and the second symbol Satisfy:
  • r(k) represents the k-th element in the frequency domain sequence
  • K represents the length of the second sequence
  • p represents the port number of the first antenna port
  • m represents the index of the first subcarrier
  • l 2 represents the index of the second symbol
  • m k/D+C
  • D represents the frequency domain density of the second reference signal.
  • the first device generates a first reference signal according to a first sequence, and generates a second reference signal according to a second sequence, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence are complementary sequences, including: The first device generates the first reference signal according to the first sequence and the filling sequence, and the first device generates the second reference signal according to the second sequence and the filling sequence.
  • the number of subcarriers occupied by the first reference signal and the second reference signal is N
  • the length of the first sequence and the second sequence is K
  • the length of the padding sequence is Y
  • And N Y+K.
  • the filling sequence may be a time-domain modulation of preset filling bits, for example, a sequence of filling symbols obtained after pi/2-BPSK modulation.
  • the stuffing bit may be composed of a predetermined number of "0"s.
  • the stuffing bit may be composed of a predetermined number of "1"s.
  • the stuffing bits may be composed of a specified number of random bits
  • the stuffing bits may be a specified number of encoded data bits.
  • the padding sequence may be bits.
  • the stuffing sequence can be a symbol modulated by the above-mentioned prescribed bit sequence.
  • the first reference signal may include at least one of the following reference signals: DMRS, channel state information reference signal (channel state information-reference signal, CSI-RS), sounding reference signal (sounding reference signal, SRS), or secondary synchronization Signal (secondary synchronization signal, SSS).
  • DMRS channel state information reference signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • SSS secondary synchronization Signal
  • the second reference signal may include at least one of the following reference signals: DMRS, CSI-RS, SRS, or SSS.
  • a method for transmitting a reference signal including: a second device receives a first reference signal and a second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource, the first reference signal is generated based on a first sequence A reference signal.
  • the second reference signal is a reference signal generated based on a second sequence, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence are complementary sequences.
  • the frequency domain of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the flatness thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • the second device is an access device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in uplink transmission.
  • the second device is a terminal device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in downlink transmission.
  • the first reference signal is a reference signal generated based on a first frequency domain sequence
  • the first frequency domain sequence is a frequency domain sequence obtained by the first sequence through FFT or DFT.
  • the second reference signal is a reference signal generated based on a second frequency domain sequence
  • the second frequency domain sequence is a frequency domain sequence obtained by the second sequence through FFT or DFT.
  • the same resource includes the same set of subcarriers.
  • the second device receives the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and uses the same resource” can be understood as the second device receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and the same subcarrier set.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be understood as the second device receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and the same subcarrier set.
  • the set of subcarriers carrying the first reference signal is the same as the set of subcarriers carrying the second reference signal.
  • the index number (or position) of the subcarrier carrying the first reference signal is the same as the index number (or position) of the subcarrier carrying the second reference signal.
  • the same resource includes the same time unit.
  • the second device uses the same antenna port to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal using the same resource
  • the second device uses the same antenna port, and at the same time unit Receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal within.
  • the symbol carrying the first reference signal (denoted as the first symbol) and the symbol carrying the second reference signal (denoted as the second symbol) are located in the same time unit.
  • the time unit may include a time slot, a mini-slot or a symbol set.
  • the time unit includes at least two symbols, and the symbol carrying the first reference signal and the symbol carrying the second reference signal are consecutive.
  • first symbol and the second symbol may be continuous.
  • the first symbol and the second symbol may not be continuous.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal are reference signals used for data demodulation.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal may include DMRS.
  • the length of the symbol carrying the first reference signal is 1/2 of the length of the symbol carrying data.
  • the length of the symbol carrying the second reference signal is 1/2 of the length of the symbol of the data.
  • the first sequence includes a first subsequence and a second subsequence
  • the second sequence includes a third subsequence and a second subsequence, wherein the first subsequence and the second subsequence
  • the sequence is a complementary sequence
  • the third subsequence and the second subsequence are complementary sequences, and. If the first subsequence is Ta, then the third subsequence is -1 ⁇ Ta.
  • the first sequence and the second sequence can be easily acquired.
  • the second subsequence is located at the end of the first sequence and the second sequence.
  • the first reference signal and the first reference signal of the one sent later does not include the cycle The prefix CP.
  • the second device receiving the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource includes: the second device uses the same resource and using the same antenna port
  • the beam set receives the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • the second device using the same antenna port, using the same resource, and using the same beam set to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal includes: the second device uses the same antenna port to use The same resource uses the same beam set and receives the first reference signal and the second reference signal based on the same beam transmission sequence.
  • the solution provided in the present application can be used for beam switching or beam scanning.
  • the subcarriers carrying the first reference signal and the second reference signal in the block are included in one resource.
  • the length K of the first sequence and the second sequence can easily meet the requirement of the complementary sequence.
  • the frequency domain sequence of the first reference signal is mapped to the component on the first antenna port, the first subcarrier, and the first symbol Satisfy:
  • r(k) represents the k-th element in the frequency domain sequence
  • K represents the length of the first sequence
  • p represents the port number of the first antenna port
  • m represents the first subcarrier index
  • l 1 represents the index of the first symbol
  • m k / D + C , C ⁇ [0,2]
  • D represents the density of the first frequency domain reference signal.
  • the frequency domain sequence of the second reference signal is mapped to the component on the first antenna port, the first subcarrier and the second symbol Satisfy:
  • r(k) represents the k-th element in the frequency domain sequence
  • K represents the length of the second sequence
  • p represents the port number of the first antenna port
  • m represents the index of the first subcarrier
  • l 2 represents the index of the second symbol
  • m k/D+C
  • D represents the frequency domain density of the second reference signal.
  • the first reference signal is a reference signal generated based on the first sequence and a filling sequence
  • the second reference signal is generated by the second device according to the second sequence and the filling sequence Reference signal.
  • the number of subcarriers occupied by the first reference signal or the second reference signal is N
  • the length of the first sequence and the second sequence is K
  • the length of the padding sequence is Y
  • And N Y+K.
  • the filling sequence may be a sequence of filling symbols obtained by performing time-domain modulation on preset filling data, for example, pi/2-BPSK modulation.
  • the stuffing data may be composed of a predetermined number of "0"s.
  • the stuffing data may be composed of a predetermined number of "1"s.
  • a device for sending a reference signal including: a processing unit, configured to generate a first reference signal according to a first sequence, and a second reference signal according to a second sequence, wherein the first sequence and the The second sequence is a complementary sequence; the transceiver unit is configured to send the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource.
  • the frequency domain of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the flatness thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • the device is configured in or is a terminal device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in uplink transmission.
  • the device is configured in or is an access device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in downlink transmission.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to perform fast Fourier transform (FFT) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the first sequence to obtain the first frequency domain sequence, and according to the The first frequency domain sequence generates a first reference signal, the first device performs FFT or DFT on the second sequence to obtain a second frequency domain sequence, and generates a second reference signal according to the second frequency domain sequence .
  • FFT fast Fourier transform
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the transceiving unit is specifically configured to send the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port, using the same resource, and using the same beam set.
  • the transceiving unit is specifically configured to send the first reference signal and the second reference signal based on the same beam transmission sequence through the same antenna port, using the same resource, using the same beam set.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to generate the first reference signal according to the first sequence and the filling sequence, and the first device generates the second reference signal according to the second sequence and the filling sequence signal.
  • the number of subcarriers occupied by the first reference signal or the second reference signal is N
  • the length of the first sequence and the second sequence is K
  • the length of the padding sequence is Y
  • N Y+K
  • each unit in the device is respectively used to execute the above-mentioned first aspect and each step of the communication method in each implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the device is a communication chip
  • the communication chip may include an input circuit or interface for sending information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.
  • the apparatus is a communication device, and the communication device may include a transmitter for sending information or data, and a receiver for receiving information or data.
  • an apparatus for sending a reference signal including: a transceiving unit, configured to receive a first reference signal and a second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource, the first reference signal being based on the first sequence
  • the generated reference signal, the second reference signal is a reference signal generated based on a second sequence, wherein the first sequence and the second sequence are complementary sequences.
  • the frequency domain of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the flatness thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • the device is configured in or is an access device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in uplink transmission.
  • the device is configured in or is a terminal device. That is, the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be reference signals used in downlink transmission.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port, using the same resource, and using the same beam set.
  • the transceiver unit is specifically configured to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal based on the same beam transmission sequence through the same antenna port, using the same resource, using the same beam set.
  • the solution provided in the present application can be used for beam switching or beam scanning.
  • each unit in the device is respectively used to execute the above-mentioned second aspect and each step of the communication method in each implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the device is a communication chip
  • the communication chip may include an input circuit or interface for sending information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.
  • the apparatus is a communication device, and the communication device may include a transmitter for sending information or data, and a receiver for receiving information or data.
  • a communication device including a processor, a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the communication device executes the first aspect to the first aspect. Any one of the two aspects and the communication method in various implementations thereof.
  • processors there are one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory and the processor may be provided separately.
  • the communication device further includes a transmitter (transmitter) and a receiver (receiver).
  • a communication system including the communication device provided in the fifth aspect.
  • the communication system may also include other devices that interact with the communication device in the solution provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a communication system including a first device and a second device.
  • the first device is used to execute the method of each implementation manner of the foregoing first aspect
  • the second device is used to execute the method of each implementation manner of the foregoing second aspect.
  • the communication system may also include other devices that interact with the first device or the second device in the solution provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also called code, or instruction), which when the computer program is run, causes the computer to execute the first aspect to the first aspect above. Any of the two aspects and the method in its possible implementation.
  • a computer-readable medium stores a computer program (also called code, or instruction) when it runs on a computer, so that the computer executes the first aspect to the first aspect.
  • a computer program also called code, or instruction
  • a chip system including a memory and a processor, the memory is used to store a computer program, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program from the memory so that a communication device installed with the chip system executes the above Any aspect from the first aspect to the second aspect and the method in its possible implementation manner.
  • the chip system may include an input circuit or interface for sending information or data, and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of the communication system of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of the positions of subcarriers used for carrying reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another example of the positions of subcarriers used for carrying reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example of the positions of subcarriers used for carrying reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another example of the positions of subcarriers used for carrying reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of the structure of the first sequence of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an example of the positions of symbols used to carry reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another example of the positions of symbols used to carry reference signals in the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an example of the length of a symbol used to carry a reference signal in the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another example of the length of a symbol used to carry a reference signal in the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an example of the symbol structure of the reference signal of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of an example of the transmission process of the reference signal of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of an example of frequency domain positions of reference signals of different ports in the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an example of the correspondence between the symbol of the reference signal and the beam in the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of another example of the correspondence between the symbol of the reference signal and the beam of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another example of the reference signal transmission process of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of another example of the reference signal transmission process of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic block diagram of an example of a device for transmitting a reference signal of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic block diagram of another example of the apparatus for sending a reference signal of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of a terminal device of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an example of an access device of the present application.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE Time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the terminal equipment in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as user equipment, access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, Mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • Terminal devices may include, but are not limited to, cellular phones, cordless phones, session initiation protocol (session initiation protocol, SIP) phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistants, PDAs), and Handheld devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices with wireless communication functions, terminal devices in the future 5G network, or public land mobile network (PLMN) evolved in the future This is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • Handheld devices computing devices, or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices with wireless communication functions, terminal devices in the future 5G network, or public land mobile network (PLMN) evolved in the future This is not limited by the embodiment of the present application.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the terminal device may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices. It is a general term for the application of wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is directly worn on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a hardware device, but also realize powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-sized, complete or partial functions that can be achieved without relying on smart phones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and only focus on a certain type of application function, and need to cooperate with other devices such as smart phones.
  • the terminal device may also be a terminal device in the Internet of Things system, or the terminal device may also include sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, gas stations, etc.
  • the main functions include collecting data (some terminal devices ). Receive control information and downlink data from network equipment, and send electromagnetic waves to transmit uplink data to the network equipment.
  • the access device in the embodiment of this application may be a device used to communicate with terminal devices, and the network device may be a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or code division multiple access (CDMA)
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • the base station (transceiver station, BTS) in) can also be the base station (NodeB, NB) in the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or the evolved base station ( evolved NodeB, eNB or eNodeB), it can also be a wireless controller in the cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and
  • the network equipment in the future 5G network or the network equipment in the future evolved PLMN network can be the access point (AP) in the WLAN, or the gNB laptop in the new radio system (NR) system.
  • AP access point
  • gNB laptop new radio system
  • NR new radio system
  • the access network equipment provides services for the cell, and the terminal equipment communicates with the access network equipment through the transmission resources (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources) used by the cell.
  • It can be a cell corresponding to an access network device (such as a base station).
  • the cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell.
  • the small cell here can include: metro cell, micro cell ( Micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmit power, and are suitable for providing high-rate data transmission services.
  • the carrier in the LTE system or the 5G system can have multiple cells working at the same frequency at the same time.
  • the concept of the above-mentioned carrier and the cell can also be considered equivalent.
  • CA carrier aggregation
  • the concept of carrier and cell can be considered to be equivalent.
  • the UE accessing a carrier is equivalent to accessing a cell.
  • the access equipment may include base stations (gNB), such as macro stations, micro base stations, indoor hotspots, and relay nodes, etc.
  • gNB base stations
  • the function is to send radio waves to terminal equipment, on the one hand, realize downlink data transmission, and on the other On the one hand, it sends scheduling information to control uplink transmission, and receives radio waves sent by terminal equipment, and receives uplink data transmission.
  • the terminal device or the access device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • the hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also referred to as main memory).
  • the operating system may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, for example, Linux operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system, or windows operating system.
  • the application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • the embodiments of the application do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the methods provided in the embodiments of the application, as long as the program that records the codes of the methods provided in the embodiments of the application can be provided according to the embodiments of the application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module in the terminal device or network device that can call and execute the program.
  • computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.), optical disks (for example, compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs) Etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.).
  • magnetic storage devices for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.
  • optical disks for example, compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs) Etc.
  • smart cards and flash memory devices for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.
  • various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • the term "machine-readable medium” may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • multiple application programs can be run at the application layer.
  • the application program of the corresponding action may be a different application program.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 capable of applying the communication method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the system 100 includes an access network device 102, and the access network device 102 may include one antenna or multiple antennas, for example, antennas 104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and 114.
  • the access network device 102 may additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain.
  • both the transmitter chain and the receiver chain may include multiple components related to signal transmission and reception (such as processing Converter, modulator, multiplexer, demodulator, demultiplexer, etc.).
  • the access network device 102 may communicate with multiple terminal devices (for example, the terminal device 116 and the terminal device 122). However, it is understood that the access network device 102 may communicate with any number of terminal devices similar to the terminal device 116 or the terminal device 122.
  • the terminal devices 116 and 122 may be, for example, cellular phones, smart phones, portable computers, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs, and/or any other suitable for communication on the wireless communication system 100 equipment.
  • the terminal device 116 communicates with antennas 112 and 114, where the antennas 112 and 114 send information to the terminal device 116 through the forward link (also called downlink) 118, and through the reverse link (also called downlink).
  • Called uplink) 120 receives information from terminal device 116.
  • the terminal device 122 communicates with antennas 104 and 106, wherein the antennas 104 and 106 transmit information to the terminal device 122 through the forward link 124, and receive information from the terminal device 122 through the reverse link 126.
  • forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may use different frequency bands, and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may use different frequency bands. ⁇ frequency band.
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • the forward link 118 and the reverse link 120 can use a common frequency band, and the forward link 124 and the reverse link The link 126 may use a common frequency band.
  • Each antenna (or antenna group consisting of multiple antennas) and/or area designed for communication is referred to as a sector of the access network device 102.
  • the antenna group may be designed to communicate with terminal devices in a sector of the coverage area of the access network device 102.
  • the access network device can send signals to all terminal devices in its corresponding sector through a single antenna or multi-antenna transmit diversity.
  • the transmit antenna of the access network device 102 can also use beamforming to improve the forward links 118 and 124. Signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the access network device 102 uses beamforming to randomly distributed terminal devices 116 and 122 in the relevant coverage area. When sending signals, mobile devices in neighboring cells will experience less interference.
  • the access network device 102, the terminal device 116, or the terminal device 122 may be a wireless communication sending device and/or a wireless communication receiving device.
  • the wireless communication sending device can encode the data for transmission.
  • the wireless communication sending device can acquire (for example, generate, receive from other communication devices, or store in a memory, etc.) a certain number of data bits to be sent to the wireless communication receiving device through a channel.
  • Such data bits may be included in a transmission block (or multiple transmission blocks) of data, and the transmission block may be segmented to generate multiple code blocks.
  • the communication system 100 may be a PLMN network, a device-to-device (D2D) network, a machine-to-machine (M2M) network, an IoT network, or other networks.
  • D2D device-to-device
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • IoT IoT network
  • Figure 1 is only a simplified schematic diagram of an example.
  • the network may also include other access network equipment, which is not shown in Figure 1.
  • reference signals and data may be carried by time-frequency resources, where the time-frequency resources may include resources in the time domain and resources in the frequency domain.
  • the time-frequency resource may include one or more time units.
  • a time unit can be a symbol set (including multiple symbols), or a mini-slot, or a slot, or a subframe, where a subframe is in the time domain
  • the above duration can be 1 millisecond (ms)
  • a slot consists of 7 or 14 symbols
  • a mini slot can include at least one symbol (for example, 2 symbols or 4 symbols or 7 symbols, or less than Any number of symbols equal to 14 symbols).
  • the substrate unit of resource scheduling may be a resource block (resource block, RB).
  • resource block resource block
  • one RB may include 12 subcarriers.
  • the transmission object in this embodiment of the application may be a reference signal (Reference Signal, RS) or a pilot signal (Pilot Signal), which is generated by a transmitting device (or, it may also be called a transmitting device or a transmitting end)
  • RS Reference Signal
  • Pilot Signal pilot signal
  • a known signal provided to the receiving device for channel estimation, channel measurement, channel sounding, or channel demodulation.
  • the reference signal may be applied to the physical layer, and does not carry data information from a higher layer.
  • the reference signal may include a downlink reference signal and an uplink reference signal.
  • the downlink reference signal includes a Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS) for downlink, a UE-specific Reference Signal (UE-RS) for downlink, and a channel for downlink
  • CRS Cell-specific Reference Signal
  • UE-RS UE-specific Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS channel state information reference signal
  • GRS group-specific reference signal
  • PRS positioning reference signal
  • BRS beam refinement reference signal
  • PCRS phase compensation reference signal
  • the UE-RS used for downlink is also called a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) used for downlink.
  • the uplink reference signal includes a demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS) used for uplink demodulation, a sounding reference signal (Sounding reference signal, SRS) used for uplink channel measurement, or a PCRS used for uplink, and so on.
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • SRS Sounding reference signal
  • PCRS PCRS
  • the transmission object of the present application may also be a sequence signal in a sequence signal set with good correlation characteristics.
  • the good correlation characteristic is that any sequence in the set has a larger autocorrelation peak, and any two sequences in the set have a smaller cross-correlation peak. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the sending device may send multiple signals, at least one of which is a sequence signal with the above-mentioned good correlation.
  • correlation refers to a correlation calculation between a sequence signal and another sequence signal in the same set, and the correlation value is calculated. Therefore, for a sequence signal with good correlation characteristics, the receiving device can detect whether the signal exists based on the correlation. That is, there is no need to use detection mechanisms such as pilots for the transmission of correlated sequence signals.
  • detection mechanisms such as pilots for the transmission of correlated sequence signals.
  • reference signals or pilot signals
  • sequence signal may also be used to carry feedback information (for example, acknowledgement (ACK) information or non-acknowledgement ( NACK) information) signal, resource request signal, or measurement request signal.
  • feedback information for example, acknowledgement (ACK) information or non-acknowledgement ( NACK) information
  • reference signals may include but are not limited to reference signals with the following functions:
  • the channel carried by the signal (e.g., reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application can carry modulated data, so that the signal (e.g., reference signal) can be used to demodulate the data.
  • the signal e.g., reference signal
  • the signal used for channel demodulation can be cited, for example, a demodulation reference signal (Demodulation Reference Signal, DMRS) or a common reference signal (Common Reference Signal, CRS).
  • DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal
  • CRS Common Reference Signal
  • the channel to which the signal used for data channel demodulation (for example, the DMRS) is applicable (or the demodulated channel) may be an uplink channel (for example, PUSCH) or
  • the downlink channel (for example, PDSCH) is not particularly limited by this application, and this application is not particularly limited.
  • the channel carried by the signal (e.g., reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application can carry modulated control information, so that the signal (e.g., reference signal) can be used to decode the control information.
  • the signal e.g., reference signal
  • the signal used for channel demodulation can be cited, for example, DMRS or CRS.
  • control channel demodulation in the embodiment of the present application may be similar to the prior art.
  • the detailed description is omitted.
  • the channel to which the signal used for control channel demodulation (for example, the DMRS) is applicable (or the demodulated channel) may be an uplink channel (for example, PUCCH) or a downlink channel.
  • PUCCH uplink channel
  • PDCCH downlink channel
  • the signal in the embodiment of the present application can be used to perform measurement on the carried channel, for example, channel quality measurement.
  • the signal used for channel measurement can be cited, for example, Channel State Information-Reference Signal (CSI-RS), Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), or Common Reference Signal (Common Reference Signal, CRS), etc.
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • CRS Common Reference Signal
  • the channel (or the measured channel) to which the signal used for channel measurement (for example, the DMRS) is applicable may be an uplink channel (for example, PUSCH or PUCCH) or a downlink channel.
  • the channel for example, PDCCH or PDSCH
  • PDCCH or PDSCH is not particularly limited in this application.
  • the signal for example, the reference signal
  • the signal in the embodiment of the present application can be used to perform common phase error (CPE) and inter-subcarrier interference (ICI) measurements.
  • CPE common phase error
  • ICI inter-subcarrier interference
  • the signal used for channel measurement can be cited, for example, a phase compensation reference signal (Phase Compensation Reference Signal), a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information-Reference Signal, CSI-RS), etc.
  • a phase compensation reference signal Phase Compensation Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal
  • phase compensation in the embodiment of the present application may be similar to the prior art.
  • the detailed description is omitted.
  • the signal (e.g., reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application can be used for feedback processing, for example, Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ) processing, that is, the signal (e.g., the first signal) And/or the second signal) may be used to carry feedback information, for example, confirmation ACK information or NACK information.
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest
  • the signal (for example, reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application may be used to perform a resource request process, that is, the signal may be a signal for carrying resource request information (for example, resource scheduling request information).
  • resource request information may be request information for requesting the allocation of time-frequency resources for transmitting data (for example, uplink data or downlink data).
  • the signal (for example, a reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application may be used to perform a measurement request process, that is, the signal may be a signal used to carry measurement request information.
  • the measurement request information may be request information for requesting transmission of the downlink measurement reference signal.
  • automatic gain control is an automatic control method that allows the gain of the amplifying circuit to be automatically adjusted with signal strength.
  • Automatic gain control is a kind of limiting output, which uses an effective combination of linear amplification and compression amplification to adjust the output signal.
  • the linear amplifier circuit works to ensure the strength of the output signal.
  • the compression amplifier circuit is activated to reduce the output amplitude.
  • the AGC function can automatically control the gain range by changing the input and output amplification ratio.
  • the signal (for example, the reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application may be used in the AGC adjustment process, and the use and use method of the reference signal in the AGC adjustment process may be similar to the prior art. Here, in order to avoid repetition, it is omitted. Detailed description.
  • the signal (for example, the reference signal) in the embodiment of the present application can be used for time-frequency synchronization, and the purpose and method of use of the reference signal in the time-frequency synchronization process can be similar to those in the prior art.
  • the reference signal in order to avoid redundant description, it is omitted. Its detailed description.
  • Radio Resource Management is to provide service quality assurance for wireless user terminals in the network under the condition of limited bandwidth.
  • the basic starting point is that the network traffic is unevenly distributed and the channel characteristics vary depending on the channel. Under the circumstance of undulation and fluctuation due to weakening and interference, the available resources of the wireless transmission part and the network can be flexibly allocated and dynamically adjusted to maximize wireless spectrum utilization, prevent network congestion and keep the signaling load as small as possible.
  • the signal for example, the reference signal
  • the use and use method of the reference signal in the RRM measurement process may be similar to those in the prior art.
  • it is omitted. Detailed description.
  • the signal (for example, the reference signal) in the embodiment of the invention can be used in the positioning measurement process, and the use and use method of the reference signal in the positioning measurement process can be similar to the prior art.
  • the details are omitted. Description.
  • the functions of the reference signal listed above are only exemplary descriptions, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the function of the reference signal it can also be used for beam state information measurement or beam state information.
  • Refinement information Beam refinement information
  • DFT-s-OFDM waveforms in uplink transmission or downlink transmission, in order to reduce PAPR, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms can be used.
  • the existing DFT-s-OFDM waveform reference signal such as DMRS
  • it is generated based on a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) sequence or a Zadoff-chu sequence.
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • the PAPR of the reference signal generated by the sequence is close to that of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform using QPSK modulation, that is, greater than the PAPR of the DFT-s-OFDM waveform using pi/2-BPSK modulation. That is, in the prior art, when the data adopts pi/2-BPSK modulation, the PAPR of the reference signal is greater than the PAPR of the data.
  • the PAPR of the combined signal of the data signal and the reference signal increases, causing the total output power of the signal to decrease, and if the reference signal undergoes power back-off, the channel estimation accuracy decreases; if the reference signal is Without power back-off, the PAPR of the reference signal is higher, resulting in greater distortion after passing through a power amplifier (PA), which also affects channel estimation performance.
  • PA power amplifier
  • two reference signals (denoted as the first reference signal and the second reference signal) can be generated based on two sequences that are complementary to each other (ie, the first sequence and the second sequence). ), and send the two reference signals through the same resource. Since the first reference signal and the second reference signal are generated based on complementary sequences, the reference signal can be made flat in the frequency domain.
  • the above-mentioned first sequence and second sequence may be sequences generated by time-domain modulation of the original sequence (for example, a data sequence). That is, the sending device may perform time-domain modulation on the first original sequence (denoted as b A ), for example, pi/2-BPSK modulation, to generate the first sequence (denoted as T A ).
  • first original sequence and the second original sequence are complementary sequences (CS).
  • CS complementary sequences
  • Complementary sequences can also be called Golay sequences, and complementary sequences exist in pairs.
  • complementary sequences are sequence pairs with useful characteristics, that is, the sum of the out-of-phase aperiodic autocorrelation coefficients of two complementary sequences is zero.
  • b A [1,1,1,1,-1,1,-1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,-1,1,1,-1,1,-1,-1 ,1].
  • b B [1,1,1,1,-1,1,1,1,1,1,-1,-1,-1,1,-1,1,1,-1 ].
  • pi/2-BPSK modulation can be performed according to the following formula:
  • s A (k) is the k-th symbol in T A , k ⁇ [0,K-1], K is the length of T A , and j is the complex symbol, that is,
  • the sending device may perform time-domain modulation on the second original sequence (denoted as b B ), for example, pi/2-BPSK modulation, to generate the second sequence (denoted as T B ).
  • pi/2-BPSK modulation can be performed according to the following formula:
  • s B (k) is the k-th symbol in T B , k ⁇ [0,K-1], K is the length of T B , and j is the complex symbol, that is,
  • pi/2-BPSK modulation is only an example.
  • the pi/2-BPSK modulation may also include other implementation methods, for example, may also include an additional initial phase.
  • the transmitting end device may perform frequency domain conversion on the first sequence to generate the first frequency domain sequence, and the transmitting end device may perform frequency domain conversion on the second sequence
  • a first reference signal may be generated according to the first frequency domain sequence
  • a second reference signal may be generated according to the second frequency domain sequence.
  • the first original sequence and the second original sequence are complementary sequences
  • the first sequence and the second sequence generated after time domain modulation are complementary sequences.
  • the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence generated after frequency domain conversion are mutually complementary sequences.
  • first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are mutually complementary sequences may mean that each element in the sequence formed by
  • 2 are equal.
  • 2 are composed of the same constant.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal generated as described above are transmitted through the same resource.
  • the transmission of the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same resource can be understood as at least one of the following meanings:
  • the transmitting end device transmits the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port, and the receiving end device receives the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port.
  • Meaning 2 The first reference signal and the second reference signal are carried on the same subcarrier, in other words, the first reference signal and the second reference signal are carried on the same subcarrier set.
  • Meaning 3 The first reference signal and the second reference signal are carried by different symbols in the same time unit.
  • condition 1 the length K of the first sequence and the second sequence needs to meet the following conditions (ie, condition 1):
  • K 2 a 10 b 26 c , where a, b, and c are non-negative integers.
  • the first reference signal may be generated based only on the above-mentioned first sequence
  • the second reference signal may be generated based only on the above-mentioned second sequence (ie, case 1), or the first reference signal may be based on the above-mentioned first sequence and Filling sequence is generated, and the second reference signal may be generated based on the above-mentioned second sequence and filling sequence (ie, case 2).
  • the length of the sequence used to generate the reference signal needs to be the same as the number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain (denoted as N).
  • one RB includes 12 subcarriers, and the RB is the basic unit of resource scheduling, that is, the number of resource blocks scheduled by the access device for the terminal device is a positive integer.
  • the total bandwidth occupied by the reference signal (or the total number of subcarriers included in the RB carrying the reference signal) is a multiple of 3.
  • the access device schedules W RBs for the terminal device
  • the total number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal is up to 12W
  • N D*12W
  • D represents the frequency domain density of the reference signal, which will be described in detail later.
  • the mapping method of reference signals and frequency domain resources can be comb-shaped, that is, if the subcarriers carrying reference signals are called target subcarriers, and the subcarriers not carrying reference signals are called non-target subcarriers. Carrier, then any two adjacent target subcarriers can be separated by a specified number (denoted as M) of non-target subcarriers.
  • B represents the number of subcarriers carrying reference signals in the frequency domain resources scheduled by the access device for the terminal equipment
  • P access equipment is the number of all subcarriers included in the frequency domain resources scheduled by the terminal device.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application can be set to satisfy the following conditions:
  • K N
  • the same symbol may include the 1 / D a T A, or that repeated performance of the sequence 1 / D times in the time domain.
  • T B is repeated so that the 1 / D times in one symbol, or, the same symbol may include 1 / D a T B.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application may be 1/3, or in other words, between two adjacent subcarriers carrying reference signals There can be two subcarriers that do not carry the reference signal.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application may be 1/3, or in other words, between two adjacent subcarriers carrying reference signals There can be two subcarriers that do not carry the reference signal.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application may be 1/3, or in other words, between two adjacent subcarriers carrying reference signals There can be two subcarriers that do not carry the reference signal.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application may be 1/3, or in other words, between two adjacent subcarriers carrying reference signals There can be two subcarriers that do not carry the reference signal.
  • the density of the first reference signal and the second reference signal of the present application may be 1/3, or in other words, between two adjacent subcarriers carrying reference signals There can be two subcarrier
  • the density of the reference first reference signal and the second reference signal of this application may be 1/6, or in other words, two subcarriers carrying reference signals may be included in one RB, and, There may be 5 subcarriers not carrying the reference signal between the two subcarriers carrying the reference signal.
  • a symbol carrying a first reference signal comprises 6 T A.
  • a symbol carrying the second reference signal includes 6 TBs .
  • the density of the reference first reference signal and the second reference signal in the present application may be 1/12, or in other words, only one subcarrier carrying the reference signal may be included in one RB.
  • a symbol carrying a first reference signal comprises a 12 T A.
  • a symbol carrying the second reference signal includes 12 TBs .
  • the time-domain modulation sequence (denoted as the third sequence) that can be used to generate the first reference signal may include the above-mentioned first sequence and the preset filling sequence.
  • a time-domain modulation sequence (denoted as the fourth sequence) used to generate the second reference signal can be used.
  • the length of the filling sequence is Y.
  • the length of the sequence used to generate the reference signal is the same as the number of subcarriers occupied by the reference signal in the frequency domain (denoted as N), that is, the following Condition (denoted as condition 3):
  • the filling sequence may be a time-domain modulation of a preset filling data sequence, for example, a sequence of modulation symbols obtained after pi/2-BPSK modulation.
  • the stuffing data may be composed of a predetermined number (for example, Y) of "0"s.
  • the padding data may be composed of a predetermined number (for example, Y) of "1"s.
  • the density of the reference signal can be set arbitrarily, for example, it can be set to 1/2, that is, as shown in FIG. 6, in case 2, the density of the reference first reference signal and the second reference signal in this application It can be 1/2.
  • the specific value of ⁇ can be specified by the communication system or communication protocol. Alternatively, the specific value of ⁇ may also be issued by the access device to the terminal device.
  • the first symbol and the second symbol may be continuous.
  • the position of the party who has previously transmitted (e.g., transmitted first) in a time unit may be located at the ⁇ -th symbol in the time unit, and the ⁇
  • the specific value can be specified by the communication system or communication protocol. Alternatively, the specific value of ⁇ may also be issued by the access device to the terminal device.
  • the position of the party who transmits later (for example, the first transmission) in a time unit may be located at the ⁇ th symbol in the time unit, and the position of the ⁇
  • the specific value can be specified by the communication system or communication protocol. Alternatively, the specific value of ⁇ may also be issued by the access device to the terminal device.
  • the length of the target symbol can be reduced.
  • the reference signal is a DMRS
  • the length of the data symbol (specifically, the OFDM symbol of the data) before the cyclic prefix (CP) is added
  • the target of the application The length of the symbol can be E/2. Therefore, the total length of the symbols used for carrying reference signals sent in the same time unit in the present application can be the same as the length of one symbol for carrying data, thereby reducing the time domain resources of the reference signals of the present application.
  • Overhead the length of the symbols used for carrying reference signals sent in the same time unit in the present application can be the same as the length of one symbol for carrying data, thereby reducing the time domain resources of the reference signals of the present application.
  • the subcarrier spacing of the target symbol may be twice the subcarrier spacing of the data symbol.
  • the length of the target symbol may be the default symbol length 1/2, where the default symbol length may be the length of symbols used to carry reference signals (for example, CSI-RS, SSS or SRS signals) in the prior art.
  • the default symbol length may be the symbol length specified by the bandwidth part (BWP) configured by the network device.
  • BWP bandwidth part
  • the specific value of the default symbol length may be specified by the communication system or communication protocol, or the specific value of the default symbol length may be configured by the access device for the terminal device through, for example, high-level signaling.
  • CP can be added to the target symbol.
  • the length of the target symbol is 1/2 of the length of the data symbol
  • the length of the CP of the reference signal is also 1 of the CP of the data symbol. /2. That is, since the CP length of the reference signal is less than the CP length of the data symbol, the multipath resistance of the reference signal is weaker than that of the data symbol, thereby affecting the demodulation performance.
  • shown in Figure 10 in the present application may be a way to generate a first sequence A and second sequence T A T B employed.
  • T C that is, an example of the first subsequence Ta
  • T D that is, an example of the second subsequence
  • the tail elements (ie, T D ) of the first sequence and the second sequence are the same, so that the symbols used to carry the first reference signal may be continuous with those used to carry the second reference signal, and further,
  • the tail of the reference signal sent earlier in the first reference signal and the second reference signal can be used as the CP of the reference signal sent later, that is, the reference signal sent later does not need to add an additional CP, so even if the reference signal sent earlier
  • the CP length of the reference signal is the same as the CP length of the data symbol, which still does not increase the total CP length of the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • FIG. 11 shows the configuration of the symbols of the reference signal of the present application when the frequency domain density of the reference signal is 1/3.
  • the sequence of the reference signal is Each symbol is repeated three times.
  • the last 1/6 of the two target symbols for example, the first symbol and the second symbol
  • the length of the ordinary CP in NR is 1/14 of the symbol length. It can be seen that the equivalent CP length of this scheme is greater than the ordinary CP length, so the multipath resistance performance of the reference signal will not be deteriorated.
  • FIG. 12 shows the transmission process of the reference signal of this application.
  • the transmitting end device may perform time-domain modulation (for example, pi/2-BPSK) on the first original sequence b A to generate the first sequence T A , and may perform the time domain modulation on the second original sequence b A B performs time domain modulation (for example, pi/2-BPSK) to generate a second sequence T B.
  • time-domain modulation for example, pi/2-BPSK
  • the transmission side apparatus may be the first sequence T A, frequency domain transform (e.g., the DFT), generating a first frequency domain sequence, and may be frequency domain transformation (e.g., the DFT) of the second sequence T B, Generate the second frequency domain sequence.
  • frequency domain transform e.g., the DFT
  • the DFT frequency domain transformation
  • the transmitting end device may map the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence generated as described above to subcarriers respectively.
  • the sending end device can perform the above mapping according to the following formula:
  • the first reference signal Represents the component of the first frequency domain sequence mapped to the first antenna port, the first subcarrier and the first symbol
  • r(k) represents the k-th element in the frequency domain sequence transformed from the first sequence
  • K represents the length of the first sequence
  • p represents the port number of the first antenna port
  • m represents the index of the first subcarrier
  • l represents the index of the first symbol
  • M K/D+C
  • D represents the frequency domain density of the first reference signal number.
  • mapping methods listed above are only exemplary descriptions, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • mapping may also be performed according to the following formula:
  • w(z) represents the frequency domain orthogonal sequence of r(2q+z)
  • the transmitting end device may perform an inverse fast fourier transform (IFFT) on the first frequency domain sequence mapped to the carrier to generate a symbol (for example, the first symbol) of the first reference signal, and, The transmitting end device may perform IFFT on the second frequency domain sequence mapped on the carrier to generate the symbol (for example, the second symbol) of the second reference signal.
  • IFFT inverse fast fourier transform
  • the sending end device may add a CP to the first symbol.
  • the length of the CP added in the first symbol can be made to be the same as the length of the CP added in the data symbol. The same, and CP may not be added to the second symbol.
  • the sending end device can also add a CP to the second symbol, and the length of the CP added in the first symbol and the second symbol can be the same as that in the data.
  • the length of the CP added to the symbol is 1/2.
  • the transmitting end device may multiplex the first symbol and the second symbol generated as described above.
  • first reference signal and the second reference signal are DMRS
  • the first symbol, the second symbol number, and the data symbol may also be multiplexed.
  • the reference signal of this application can have a specified density in the frequency domain, for example, 1/3, 1/6, etc., as shown in FIG. 13, the reference signals of different ports can be used.
  • the positions of the signals in the frequency domain are different, so that the reference signals of multiple ports can be transmitted through the same symbol.
  • the reference signal of this application may have a predetermined density in the frequency domain, for example, 1/3 or 1/6, etc., as shown in FIG. 14 or FIG. In one symbol, the first sequence (or the first frequency domain sequence) is repeated multiple times.
  • the reference signal includes CSI-RS, SRS, or SSS, it is beneficial to perform beam scanning in the time domain structure.
  • the transmitting end device may send the three first sequences through three different beams.
  • the transmitting end device can respectively transmit three second sequences in the second symbol through three different beams.
  • the receiving end device may need to scan the same set of beams in the first symbol and the second symbol, as shown in Figure 14, scan beam 0, beam 1, and beam 2 in the first symbol ,
  • the second symbol also needs to scan beam 0, beam 1, and beam 2, and then merge them.
  • the beam scanning order of the receiving end device in the two symbols may be the same, or, as shown in FIG. 15, the beam scanning order of the receiving end device in the two symbols is also It can be different.
  • the receiving end device does not need to perform beam switching between the first symbol and the second symbol.
  • the reference signal structure of this application can be used for beam scanning of the transmitting end device.
  • the transmission process of the reference signal shown in FIG. 12 listed above is only an exemplary description, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the multiplexing of the reference signal can also be modulated in the time domain ( For example, after pi/2-BPSK modulation) and before DFT.
  • the multiplexing of the reference signal may also be performed after DFT and before subcarrier mapping, which is not particularly limited in this application.
  • the receiving end device may determine the position of the time-frequency resource used to carry the first reference signal and the second reference signal, for example, a time domain position and a frequency domain position.
  • the positions of the time-frequency resources used to carry the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be specified by a communication system or a communication protocol.
  • the location of the time-frequency resource used to carry the first reference signal and the second reference signal may also be notified to the receiving end device by the access device through, for example, high-level signaling.
  • the first reference signal and the second reference signal may be carried on the same subcarrier.
  • first reference signal and the second reference signal may be located in different symbols in the same time unit.
  • the receiving end device can detect the first reference signal and the second reference signal on the above-mentioned time-frequency resource through the same antenna port, and perform channel estimation based on the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • the receiving end device can jointly process the two received sequences.
  • the receiving device can transform the first original sequence s A (k) into the frequency domain to obtain the frequency domain sequence r A (k), and the receiving device can transform the second original sequence s B (k) To the frequency domain, the frequency domain sequence r B (k) is obtained.
  • the receiving end device can deduce that the frequency domain sequence of the received first reference signal is:
  • the receiving end device can deduce that the frequency domain sequence of the received second reference signal is:
  • H(k) is the channel gain to be estimated
  • n A (k) is the noise and interference of the first reference signal
  • n B (k) is the noise and interference of the second reference signal. It is assumed that their power is N_0.
  • the frequency domain channel estimation can be written as:
  • n(k) n A (k)r A * (k)+n B (k)r B * (k)
  • the power of n(k)/2 can be obtained as N_0/2, that is, the combined power
  • the noise power is halved.
  • the receiving end device may further smooth and interpolate the channel estimation values of different subcarriers to improve the channel estimation performance.
  • the channel estimation methods of the receiving end device listed above are only exemplary descriptions, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the receiving end device may also perform channel estimation based on only one of the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
  • the method and process of channel estimation based on a reference signal may be similar to the prior art.
  • detailed description is omitted.
  • the frequency domain of the reference signal can be improved.
  • the flatness thereby improving the performance of the reference signal.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication apparatus 300 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the apparatus 300 may be a transmitting device, that is, a transmitting device of a reference signal (for example, an access device or a terminal device), or a chip or a circuit, such as a chip or circuit that can be provided in the transmitting device.
  • a transmitting device of a reference signal for example, an access device or a terminal device
  • a chip or a circuit such as a chip or circuit that can be provided in the transmitting device.
  • the apparatus 300 may include a processing unit 310 (ie, an example of a processing unit), and optionally, may also include a storage unit 320.
  • the storage unit 320 is used to store instructions.
  • the processing unit 310 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit 320, so that the apparatus 300 implements the steps performed by the sending end device in the foregoing method.
  • the device 300 may further include an input port 330 (ie, an example of a communication unit) and an output port 340 (ie, another example of a communication unit).
  • the processing unit 310, the storage unit 320, the input port 330, and the output port 340 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transfer control and/or data signals.
  • the storage unit 320 is used to store a computer program, and the processing unit 310 can be used to call and run the calculation program from the storage unit 320 to complete the steps of the terminal device in the foregoing method.
  • the storage unit 320 may be integrated in the processing unit 310, or may be provided separately from the processing unit 310.
  • the input port 330 may be a receiver
  • the output port 340 may be a transmitter.
  • the receiver and transmitter may be the same or different physical entities. When they are the same physical entity, they can be collectively referred to as transceivers.
  • the input port 330 is an input interface
  • the output port 340 is an output interface
  • the functions of the input port 330 and the output port 340 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated chip for transceiver.
  • the processing unit 310 may be implemented by a dedicated processing chip, a processing circuit, a processing unit, or a general-purpose chip.
  • a general-purpose computer may be considered to implement the communication device (for example, the first device) provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the program codes that realize the functions of the processing unit 310, the input port 330, and the output port 340 are stored in the storage unit 320.
  • the general processing unit implements the functions of the processing unit 310, the input port 330 and the output port 340 by executing the code in the storage unit 320 .
  • the processing unit 310 is configured to generate a first reference signal according to a first sequence, and generate a second reference signal according to a second sequence, where the first sequence and the second sequence are complementary sequences;
  • the output port 340 is used to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource.
  • the output port 340 is configured to transmit the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port, using the same resource, and using the same beam set.
  • the output port 340 is configured to send the first reference signal and the second reference signal based on the same beam transmission sequence through the same antenna port, using the same resource, using the same beam set.
  • the functions and actions of the modules or units in the apparatus 300 listed above are only exemplary.
  • the modules or units in the apparatus 300 can be used to execute the above methods.
  • Each action or process performed by the sending end device is omitted.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a wireless communication apparatus 400 provided in an embodiment of this application.
  • the apparatus 400 may be a receiving device, that is, a receiving device of the first reference signal and the second reference signal (for example, a terminal device or an access device), or a chip or a circuit, for example, it may be set in the receiving device Chip or circuit.
  • a receiving device of the first reference signal and the second reference signal for example, a terminal device or an access device
  • a chip or a circuit for example, it may be set in the receiving device Chip or circuit.
  • the device 400 may include a processing unit 410 (that is, an example of a processing unit) and a storage unit 420.
  • the storage unit 420 is used to store instructions.
  • the processing unit 410 is configured to execute the instructions stored in the storage unit 420, so that the apparatus 400 implements the steps performed by the access device in the foregoing method.
  • the device 400 may further include an input port 430 (ie, an example of a communication unit) and an output port 440 (ie, another example of a communication unit).
  • the processing unit 410, the storage unit 420, the input port 430, and the output port 440 can communicate with each other through internal connection paths to transfer control and/or data signals.
  • the storage unit 420 is used to store a computer program, and the processing unit 410 can be used to call and run the calculation program from the storage unit 420 to control the input port 430 to receive signals and the output port 440 to send signals to complete the above method. Steps for terminal equipment.
  • the storage unit 420 may be integrated in the processing unit 410, or may be provided separately from the processing unit 410.
  • the apparatus 400 is a communication device (for example, an access device)
  • the input port 430 is a receiver
  • the output port 440 is a transmitter.
  • the receiver and transmitter may be the same or different physical entities. When they are the same physical entity, they can be collectively referred to as transceivers.
  • the input port 430 is an input interface
  • the output port 440 is an output interface
  • the functions of the input port 430 and the output port 440 may be implemented by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated chip for transceiver.
  • the processing unit 410 may be implemented by a dedicated processing chip, a processing circuit, a processing unit, or a general-purpose chip.
  • a general-purpose computer may be considered to implement the communication device (for example, an access device) provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the program codes that realize the functions of the processing unit 410, the input port 430 and the output port 440 are stored in the storage unit 420.
  • the general processing unit implements the functions of the processing unit 410, the input port 430 and the output port 440 by executing the code in the storage unit 420 .
  • the input port 430 is used to receive the first reference signal and the second reference signal through the same antenna port and using the same resource.
  • the first reference signal is generated according to the first sequence
  • the first reference signal is generated according to the first sequence. 2.
  • the reference signal is generated according to the second sequence, the first sequence and the second sequence are complementary sequences;
  • the processing unit 410 is configured to perform channel estimation according to the first reference signal and/or the second reference signal.
  • the functions and actions of the modules or units in the apparatus 400 listed above are only exemplary.
  • the modules or units in the apparatus 400 can be used to execute the above methods.
  • a detailed description is omitted here to avoid redundant description.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 500 provided by this application.
  • the foregoing apparatus 400 may be configured in the terminal device 500, or the foregoing apparatus 400 itself may be the terminal device 500.
  • the terminal device 500 may perform the actions performed by the terminal device (for example, the receiving end device or the sending end device) in the foregoing method.
  • FIG. 20 only shows the main components of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device 500 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the entire terminal device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program, for example, to support the terminal device to execute the above-mentioned transmission precoding matrix instruction method embodiment The described action.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data, for example, to store the codebook described in the above embodiments.
  • the control circuit is mainly used for the conversion of baseband signals and radio frequency signals and the processing of radio frequency signals.
  • the control circuit and the antenna together can also be called a transceiver, which is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and then sends the radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG. 20 only shows a memory and a processor. In actual terminal devices, there may be multiple processors and memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data.
  • the central processing unit is mainly used to control the entire terminal device, execute software programs, and process software programs. data.
  • the processor in FIG. 20 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors and are interconnected by technologies such as a bus.
  • the terminal device may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the terminal device may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capabilities, and various components of the terminal device may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor can also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data can be built in the processor, or can be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • the antenna and control circuit with the transceiver function may be regarded as the transceiver unit 510 of the terminal device 500, and the processor with the processing function may be regarded as the processing unit 520 of the terminal device 500.
  • the terminal device 500 includes a transceiver unit 510 and a processing unit 520.
  • the transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver, and so on.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 510 can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 510 can be regarded as the sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, a receiver, a receiving circuit, etc.
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device 600 provided by an embodiment of the application, which may be used to implement the functions of the access device (for example, the sending end device or the receiving end device) in the foregoing method.
  • the foregoing apparatus 400 may be configured in the access device 600, or the foregoing apparatus 400 itself may be the access device 600.
  • the access device 600 includes one or more radio frequency units, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) 610 and one or more baseband units (BBU) (also called digital unit, digital unit, DU). )620.
  • RRU remote radio unit
  • BBU baseband units
  • the RRU 610 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and it may include at least one antenna 611 and a radio frequency unit 611.
  • the RRU 610 part is mainly used for sending and receiving of radio frequency signals and conversion of radio frequency signals and baseband signals, for example, for sending the signaling messages described in the foregoing embodiments to terminal equipment.
  • the BBU620 part is mainly used to perform baseband processing, control the base station, and so on.
  • the RRU 610 and the BBU 620 may be physically set together, or may be physically separated, that is, a distributed base station.
  • the BBU 620 is the control center of the base station, and may also be called a processing unit, which is mainly used to complete baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, and spreading.
  • the BBU (processing unit) 620 may be used to control the base station 40 to execute the operation procedure of the network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the BBU 620 may be composed of one or more single boards, and multiple single boards may jointly support a radio access network of a single access standard (such as an LTE system or a 5G system), and may also support different connections. Enter the standard wireless access network.
  • the BBU 620 further includes a memory 621 and a processor 622.
  • the memory 621 is used to store necessary instructions and data.
  • the memory 621 stores the codebook and the like in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 622 is used to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to execute the operation procedure of the network device in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the memory 621 and the processor 622 may serve one or more boards. In other words, the memory and the processor can be set separately on each board. It can also be that multiple boards share the same memory and processor. In addition, necessary circuits can be provided on each board.
  • SoC system-on-chip
  • all or part of the functions of part 620 and part 610 can be implemented by SoC technology, for example, a base station function chip
  • the base station function chip integrates a processor, a memory, an antenna interface and other devices, the program of the base station related functions is stored in the memory, and the processor executes the program to realize the relevant functions of the base station.
  • the base station function chip can also read a memory external to the chip to implement related functions of the base station.
  • FIG. 21 the structure of the access device illustrated in FIG. 21 is only a possible form, and should not constitute any limitation in the embodiment of the present application. This application does not exclude the possibility of other base station structures that may appear in the future.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned sending end device and one or more receiving end devices.
  • the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processors, DSP), and dedicated integrated Circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), ready-made programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electronic Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • Access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory Take memory (synchlink DRAM, SLDRAM) and direct memory bus random access memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).
  • the foregoing embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs.
  • the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more sets of available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium.
  • the semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive.
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, rather than corresponding to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Abstract

本申请提供了一种发送参考信号的方法和装置，该方法包括：第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。

Description

发送参考信号的方法和装置
本申请要求于2019年04月25日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910340520.X、申请名称为“发送参考信号的方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及发送参考信号的方法和装置、接收参考信号的方法和装置以及通信设备。
背景技术
目前，已知一种技术，为了降低参考信号的峰值平均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)，可以在时域生成参考信号的序列并进行调制。
由于该技术参考信号的序列在时域生成，因此存在序列在频域非恒模的情况，导致参考信号在频域的平坦度下降，影响参考信号的性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种发送参考信号的方法和装置、接收参考信号的方法和装置以及通信设备，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
第一方面，提供一种发送参考信号的方法，包括：第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
可选地，第一设备为终端设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以是上行传输中使用的参考信号。
或者，第一设备为接入设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以下行传输中使用的参考信号。
可选地，所述第一序列是第一原始序列经过时域调制后生产的符号序列。
可选地，所述第二序列是第二原始序列经过时域调制后生产的符号序列。
其中，该第一原始序列与第二原始序列为互补序列。
可选地，所述时域调制包括基于离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(discrete fourier transformation spread orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，DFT-s-OFDM)波形的调制。
可选地，所述时域调制包括pi/2二进制相移键控(pi/2-binary phase shift keying， pi/2-BPSK)调制。
可选地，该第一原始序列和第二原始序列包括格雷序列(Golay sequences)，或者说，格雷互补序列(Golay complementary sequences)。
可选地，该第一原始序列包括：[1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，1]。
该第二原始序列包括：[1，1，1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，-1]。
可选地，所述第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，包括：所述第一设备对所述第一序列进行快速傅氏变换(fast fourier transformation，FFT)或离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transformatio，DFT)，以获得第一频域序列，并根据所述第一频域序列生成第一参考信号，所述第一设备对所述第二序列进行FFT或DFT，以获得第二频域序列，并根据所述第二频域序列生成第二参考信号。
其中，“所述第一原始序列与第二原始序列为互补序列”可以理解为，所述第一频域序列FA和所述第二频域序列FB满足：|FA| 2+|FB| 2中的每一个元素为常数。
例如，|FA| 2+|FB| 2中的元素相同(或者说，相等)。
可选地，所述同一资源包括同一子载波集合。
具体地说，“所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号”可以理解为所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，通过同一子载波集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
即，在本申请中，承载第一参考信号的子载波集合与承载第二参考信号的子载波集合相同。
或者说，承载第一参考信号的子载波的索引号(或者说，位置)与承载第二参考信号的子载波的索引号(或者说，位置)相同。
可选地，所述同一资源包括同一时间单元。
具体地说，“所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号”可以理解为所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，在同一时间单元内发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
即，承载第一参考信号的符号(记做，第一符号)与承载第二参考信号的符号(记做，第二符号)位于同一时间单元。
在本申请中，时间单元可以包括时隙、迷你时隙或符号集合。
可选地，所述时间单元包括至少两个符号，以及承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续。
即，第一符号与第二符号可以连续。
可选地，承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号之间间隔预设数量的符号。
即，第一符号与第二符号可以非连续。
可选地，所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号为用于数据解调的参考信号。
例如，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以包括解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)。
可选地，承载所述第一参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2。
可选地，承载所述第二参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2。
具体地说，如果数据信道(例如PUSCH或PDSCH)的子载波间隔的大小被配置为第一子载波间隔(subcarrier spacing，SCS)，记做SCS0，则所述第一参考信号和第二参考信号的子载波间隔的大小为2×SCS0。从而，能够容易地实现在时域所述第一参考信号和第二参考信号的符号长度为数据符号长度的1/2。
应理解，这里的符号长度可能包含CP，也可能不包含CP。
根据本申请提供的方案，能够避免因参考信号占用的符号增多而导致参考信号占用的时频资源增多，能够减少时频资源的开销，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，所述第一序列包括第一子序列和第二子序列，所述第二序列包括第三子序列和第二子序列，其中，所述第一子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，所述第三子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，并且。如果所述第一子序列为Ta，则所述第三子序列为-1×Ta。
从而，能够容易地获取第一序列和第二序列。
可选地，所述第二子序列位于所述第一序列和所述第二序列的尾部。
可选地，当承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续时，所述第一参考信号和所述第一参考信号中在后发送的一方的不包括循环前缀CP。
从而，能够在确保第一参考信号和第二参考信号的多径抵抗性能不会恶化的同时，避免因参考数量增多而导致CP长度增大，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
从而，能够将本申请提供的方案用于波束切换或波束扫描。
可选地，所述第一序列的长度N满足N＝2 a10 b26 c，其中，a、b、c为非负整数。
并且，所述第二序列的长度N满足N＝2 a10 b26 c。
可选地，在一个资源块中承载所述第一参考信号或所述第二参考信号的子载波的比例为Q满足：Q＝1/(3×2 T)，T为正整数或零。
可选地，在一个资源块中承载所述第一参考信号或所述第二参考信号的子载波的比例为1/3、1/6或1/12。
可选地，任意两个相邻的目标子载波之间间隔的子载波的数量M满足M＝3×2 T-1，T为正整数或零，其中，所述目标子载波包括在一个资源块中承载所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号的子载波。
从而，能够容易地使第一序列和第二序列的长度K满足互补序列的要求。
可选地，所述第一参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第一符 号上的分量
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000001
满足：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000002
其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第一序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l 1表示所述第一符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第一参考信号的频域密度。
类似的，所述第二参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第二符号上的分量
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000003
满足：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000004
其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第二序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l 2表示所述第二符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第二参考信号的频域密度。
可选地，所述第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列，包括：所述第一设备根据所述第一序列和填充序列生成所述第一参考信号，所述第一设备根据所述第二序列和所述填充序列生成所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号占用的子载波数为N，所述第一序列和所述第二序列的长度为K，所述填充序列的长度为Y，且N＝Y+K。
从而，无须使第一序列和第二序列的长度N满足K＝2 a10 b26 c，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，该填充序列可以是对预设的填充比特进行时域调制，例如，pi/2-BPSK调制后获得的填充符号的序列。
例如，该填充比特可以是由规定数量的“0”构成。
或者，该填充比特可以是由规定数量的“1”构成。
或者，该填充比特可以是由规定数量的随机比特构成；
或者，该填充比特可以是由规定数量的编码后数据比特。
需要说明的是，如果填充发生在调制前，则该填充序列可以是比特。
如果填充发生在调制后，则填充序列可以是上述规定的比特序列调制而成的符号。
可选地，第一参考信号可以包括以下至少一种参考信号：DMRS、信道状态信息参考信号(channel state information-reference signal，CSI-RS)、探测参考信号(sounding reference signal，SRS)或辅同步信号(secondary synchronization signal，SSS)。
可选地，第二参考信号可以包括以下至少一种参考信号：DMRS、CSI-RS、SRS或SSS。
第二方面，提供一种发送参考信号的方法，包括：第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号，所述第一参考信号是基于第一序列生成的参考信号，所述第二参考信号时基于第二序列生成的参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
可选地，第二设备为接入设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以是上行传输中使用的参考信号。
或者，第二设备为终端设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以下行传输中使用的参考信号。
可选地，所述第一参考信号是基于第一频域序列生成的参考信号，所述第一频域序列是所述第一序列经过FFT或DFT而获得频域序列。
所述第二参考信号是基于第二频域序列生成的参考信号，所述第二频域序列是所述第二序列经过FFT或DFT而获得频域序列。
可选地，所述同一资源包括同一子载波集合。
具体地说，“所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号”可以理解为所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，通过同一子载波集合接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
即，在本申请中，承载第一参考信号的子载波集合与承载第二参考信号的子载波集合相同。
或者说，承载第一参考信号的子载波的索引号(或者说，位置)与承载第二参考信号的子载波的索引号(或者说，位置)相同。
可选地，所述同一资源包括同一时间单元。
具体地说，“所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号”可以理解为所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，在同一时间单元内接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
即，承载第一参考信号的符号(记做，第一符号)与承载第二参考信号的符号(记做，第二符号)位于同一时间单元。
在本申请中，时间单元可以包括时隙、迷你时隙或符号集合。
可选地，所述时间单元包括至少两个符号，以及承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续。
即，第一符号与第二符号可以连续。
可选地，承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号之间间隔预设数量的符号。
即，第一符号与第二符号可以非连续。
可选地，所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号为用于数据解调的参考信号。
例如，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以包括DMRS。
可选地，承载所述第一参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2。
可选地，承载所述第二参考信号的符号的长度为数据的符号的长度的1/2。
根据本申请提供的方案，能够避免因参考信号占用的符号增多而导致参考信号占用的时频资源增多，能够减少时频资源的开销，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，所述第一序列包括第一子序列和第二子序列，所述第二序列包括第三子序列和第二子序列，其中，所述第一子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，所述第三子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，并且。如果所述第一子序列为Ta，则所述第三子序列为-1×Ta。
从而，能够容易地获取第一序列和第二序列。
可选地，所述第二子序列位于所述第一序列和所述第二序列的尾部。
可选地，当承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续时，所述第一参考信号和所述第一参考信号中在后发送的一方的不包括循环前缀CP。
从而，能够在确保第一参考信号和第二参考信号的多径抵抗性能不会恶化的同时，避免因参考数量增多而导致CP长度增大，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
从而，能够将本申请提供的方案用于波束切换或波束扫描。
可选地，所述第一序列的长度K满足K＝2 a10 b26 c，其中，a、b、c为非负整数。
类似的，所述第二序列的长度K满足K＝2 a10 b26 c。
可选地，任意两个相邻的目标子载波之间间隔的子载波的数量M满足M＝3×2 T-1，T为正整数或零，其中，所述目标子载波包括在一个资源块中承载所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号的子载波。
从而，能够容易地使第一序列和第二序列的长度K满足互补序列的要求。
可选地，所述第一参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第一符号上的分量
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000005
满足：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000006
其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第一序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l 1表示所述第一符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第一参考信号的频域密度。
类似的，所述第二参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第二符号上的分量
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000007
满足：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000008
其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第二序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l 2表示所述第二符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第二参考信号的频域密度。
可选地，所述第一参考信号是基于所述第一序列和填充序列生成的参考信号，所述第二参考信号是所述第二设备根据所述第二序列和所述填充序列生成的参考信号。
可选地额，所述第一参考信号或所述第二参考信号占用的子载波数为N，所述第一序列和所述第二序列的长度为K，所述填充序列的长度为Y，且N＝Y+K。
从而，无须使第一序列和第二序列的长度N满足N＝2 a10 b26 c，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
可选地，该填充序列可以是对预设的填充数据进行时域调制，例如，pi/2-BPSK调制 后获得的填充符号的序列。
例如，该填充数据可以是由规定数量的“0”构成。
或者，该填充数据可以是由规定数量的“1”构成。
第三方面，提供一种发送参考信号的装置，包括：处理单元，用于根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；收发单元，用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
可选地，所述装置配置在或本身即为终端设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以是上行传输中使用的参考信号。
或者，所述装置配置在或本身即为接入设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以下行传输中使用的参考信号。
所述处理单元具体用于对所述第一序列进行快速傅氏变换(fast fourier transformation，FFT)或离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transformatio，DFT)，以获得第一频域序列，并根据所述第一频域序列生成第一参考信号，所述第一设备对所述第二序列进行FFT或DFT，以获得第二频域序列，并根据所述第二频域序列生成第二参考信号。
可选地，所述收发单元具体用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述收发单元具体用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述处理单元具体用于根据所述第一序列和填充序列生成所述第一参考信号，所述第一设备根据所述第二序列和所述填充序列生成所述第二参考信号。
可选地，述第一参考信号或所述第二参考信号占用的子载波数为N，所述第一序列和所述第二序列的长度为K，所述填充序列的长度为Y，且N＝Y+K。
从而，无须使第一序列和第二序列的长度N满足N＝2 a10 b26 c，进一步提高本申请的实用性。
其中，该装置中的各单元分别用于执行上述第一方面以及第一方面的各实现方式中的通信方法的各步骤。
在一种设计中，该装置为通信芯片，通信芯片可以包括用于发送信息或数据的输入电路或者接口，以及用于接收信息或数据的输出电路或者接口。
在另一种设计中，所述装置为通信设备，通信设备可以包括用于发送信息或数据的发射机，以及用于接收信息或数据的接收机。
第四方面，提供一种发送参考信号的装置，包括：收发单元，用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号，所述第一参考信号是基于第一序列生成的参考信号，所述第二参考信号时基于第二序列生成的参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考 信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
可选地，所述装置配置在或本身即为接入设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以是上行传输中使用的参考信号。
或者，所述装置配置在或本身即为终端设备。即，该第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以下行传输中使用的参考信号。
可选地，所述收发单元具体用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，所述收发单元具体用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，接收所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
从而，能够将本申请提供的方案用于波束切换或波束扫描。
其中，该装置中的各单元分别用于执行上述第二方面以及第二方面的各实现方式中的通信方法的各步骤。
在一种设计中，该装置为通信芯片，通信芯片可以包括用于发送信息或数据的输入电路或者接口，以及用于接收信息或数据的输出电路或者接口。
在另一种设计中，所述装置为通信设备，通信设备可以包括用于发送信息或数据的发射机，以及用于接收信息或数据的接收机。
第五方面，提供了一种通信设备，包括，处理器，存储器，该存储器用于存储计算机程序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得该通信设备执行第一方面至第二方面中的任一方面及其各种实现方式中的通信方法。
可选地，所述处理器为一个或多个，所述存储器为一个或多个。
可选地，所述存储器可以与所述处理器集成在一起，或者所述存储器与处理器分离设置。
可选地，该通信设备还包括，发射机(发射器)和接收机(接收器)。
第六方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括上述第五方面提供的通信设备。
在一个可能的设计中，该通信系统还可以包括本申请实施例提供的方案中与通信设备进行交互的其他设备。
第七方面，提供了一种通信系统，包括第一设备和第二设备，。
其中，第一设备用于执行上述第一方面的各实现方式的方法，第二设备用于执行上述第二方面的各实现方式的方法。
在一个可能的设计中，该通信系统还可以包括本申请实施例提供的方案中与第一设备或第二设备进行交互的其他设备。
第八方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当所述计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意方面及其可能实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种计算机可读介质，所述计算机可读介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意方面及其可能实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种芯片系统，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器用于存储计算机程 序，该处理器用于从存储器中调用并运行该计算机程序，使得安装有该芯片系统的通信设备执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意方面及其可能实现方式中的方法。
其中，该芯片系统可以包括用于发送信息或数据的输入电路或者接口，以及用于接收信息或数据的输出电路或者接口。
附图说明
图1是本申请的通信系统的一例的示意性结构图。
图2是本申请的用于承载参考信号的子载波的位置的一例的示意图。
图3是本申请的用于承载参考信号的子载波的位置的另一例的示意图。
图4是本申请的用于承载参考信号的子载波的位置的再一例的示意图。
图5是本申请的用于承载参考信号的子载波的位置的再一例的示意图。
图6是本申请的第一序列的结构的一例的示意图。
图7是本申请的用于承载参考信号的符号的位置的一例的示意图。
图8是本申请的用于承载参考信号的符号的位置的另一例的示意图。
图9是本申请的用于承载参考信号的符号的长度的一例的示意图。
图10是本申请的用于承载参考信号的符号的长度的另一例的示意图。
图11是本申请的参考信号的符号结构的一例的示意图。
图12是本申请的参考信号的传输过程的一例的示意性图。
图13是本申请的不同端口的参考信号的频域位置的一例的示意图。
图14是本申请的参考信号的符号与波束的对应关系的一例的示意图。
图15是本申请的参考信号的符号与波束的对应关系的另一例的示意图。
图16是本申请的参考信号的传输过程的另一例的示意性图。
图17是本申请的参考信号的传输过程的再一例的示意性图。
图18是本申请的发送参考信号的装置的一例的示意性框图。
图19是本申请的发送参考信号的装置的另一例的示意性框图。
图20是本申请的终端设备的一例的示意性结构图。
图21是本申请的接入设备的一例的示意性结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)等。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，本申请实施例中的终端设备也可以称为用户 设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备可以包括但不限于蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端设备还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。
此外，在本申请实施例中，终端设备还可以是物联网系统中的终端设备，或者，终端设备还可以包括智能打印机、火车探测器、加油站等传感器，主要功能包括收集数据(部分终端设备)、接收网络设备的控制信息与下行数据，并发送电磁波，向网络设备传输上行数据。
本申请实施例中的接入设备可以是用于与终端设备通信的设备，该网络设备可以是全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等，可以是WLAN中的接入点(access point，AP),可以是新型无线系统(new radio，NR)系统中的gNB本申请实施例并不限定。
另外，在本申请实施例中，接入网设备为小区提供服务，终端设备通过该小区使用的传输资源(例如，频域资源，或者说，频谱资源)与接入网设备进行通信，该小区可以是接入网设备(例如基站)对应的小区，小区可以属于宏基站，也可以属于小小区(small cell)对应的基站，这里的小小区可以包括：城市小区(metro cell)、微小区(micro cell)、微微小区(pico cell)、毫微微小区(femto cell)等，这些小小区具有覆盖范围小、发射功率低的特点，适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
此外，LTE系统或5G系统中的载波上可以同时有多个小区同频工作，在某些特殊场景下，也可以认为上述载波与小区的概念等同。例如在载波聚合(carrier aggregation，CA)场景下，当为UE配置辅载波时，会同时携带辅载波的载波索引和工作在该辅载波的辅小区的小区标识(cell indentification，Cell ID)，在这种情况下，可以认为载波与小区的概念等同，比如UE接入一个载波和接入一个小区是等同的。
此外，在本申请中，接入设备可以包括基站(gNB)，例如宏站、微基站、室内热点、以及中继节点等，功能是向终端设备发送无线电波，一方面实现下行数据传输，另一方面发送调度信息控制上行传输，并接收终端设备发送的无线电波，接收上行数据传输。
其中，以上列举的终端设备和接入网设备的功能和具体实现方式仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备或接入设备包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作系统层，以及运行在操作系统层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也称为主存)等硬件。该操作系统可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作系统，例如，Linux操作系统、Unix操作系统、Android操作系统、iOS操作系统或windows操作系统等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。并且，本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端设备或网络设备，或者，是终端设备或网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
另外，本申请的各个方面或特征可以实现成方法、装置或使用标准编程和/或工程技术的制品。本申请中使用的术语“制品”涵盖可从任何计算机可读器件、载体或介质访问的计算机程序。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括，但不限于:磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。另外，本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。术语“机器可读介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，在应用层可以运行多个应用程序，此情况下，执行本申请实施例的通信方法的应用程序与用于控制接收端设备完成所接收到的数据所对应的动作的应用程序可以是不同的应用程序。
图1是能够适用本申请实施例通信方法的系统100的示意图。如图1所示，该系统100包括接入网设备102，接入网设备102可包括1个天线或多个天线例如，天线104、106、108、110、112和114。另外，接入网设备102可附加地包括发射机链和接收机链，本领域普通技术人员可以理解，发射机链和接收机链均可包括与信号发送和接收相关的多个部件(例如处理器、调制器、复用器、解调器、解复用器等)。
接入网设备102可以与多个终端设备(例如终端设备116和终端设备122)通信。然而，可以理解，接入网设备102可以与类似于终端设备116或终端设备122的任意数目的终端设备通信。终端设备116和122可以是例如蜂窝电话、智能电话、便携式电脑、手持通信设备、手持计算设备、卫星无线电装置、全球定位系统、PDA和/或用于在无线通信系统100上通信的任意其它适合设备。
如图1所示，终端设备116与天线112和114通信，其中天线112和114通过前向链路(也称为下行链路)118向终端设备116发送信息，并通过反向链路(也称为上行链路)120从终端设备116接收信息。此外，终端设备122与天线104和106通信，其中天线104 和106通过前向链路124向终端设备122发送信息，并通过反向链路126从终端设备122接收信息。
例如，在频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统中，例如，前向链路118可与反向链路120使用不同的频带，前向链路124可与反向链路126使用不同的频带。
再例如，在时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统和全双工(full duplex)系统中，前向链路118和反向链路120可使用共同频带，前向链路124和反向链路126可使用共同频带。
被设计用于通信的每个天线(或者由多个天线组成的天线组)和/或区域称为接入网设备102的扇区。例如，可将天线组设计为与接入网设备102覆盖区域的扇区中的终端设备通信。接入网设备可以通过单个天线或多天线发射分集向其对应的扇区内所有的终端设备发送信号。在接入网设备102通过前向链路118和124分别与终端设备116和122进行通信的过程中，接入网设备102的发射天线也可利用波束成形来改善前向链路118和124的信噪比。此外，与接入网设备通过单个天线或多天线发射分集向它所有的终端设备发送信号的方式相比，在接入网设备102利用波束成形向相关覆盖区域中随机分散的终端设备116和122发送信号时，相邻小区中的移动设备会受到较少的干扰。
在给定时间，接入网设备102、终端设备116或终端设备122可以是无线通信发送装置和/或无线通信接收装置。当发送数据时，无线通信发送装置可对数据进行编码以用于传输。具体地，无线通信发送装置可获取(例如生成、从其它通信装置接收、或在存储器中保存等)要通过信道发送至无线通信接收装置的一定数目的数据比特。这种数据比特可包含在数据的传输块(或多个传输块)中，传输块可被分段以产生多个码块。
此外，该通信系统100可以是PLMN网络、设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)网络、机器到机器(machine to machine，M2M)网络、IoT网络或者其他网络，图1只是举例的简化示意图，网络中还可以包括其他接入网设备，图1中未予以画出。
在本申请实施例中，参考信号和数据可以通过时频资源来承载，其中，该时频资源可以包括时域上的资源和频域上的资源。
其中，在时域上，时频资源可以包括一个或多个时间单元。
一个时间单元可以是一个符号集合(包括多个符号)，或者一个迷你时隙(Mini-slot)，或者一个时隙(slot)，或者一个子帧(subframe)，其中，一个子帧在时域上的持续时间可以是1毫秒(ms)，一个时隙由7个或者14个符号组成，一个迷你时隙可以包括至少一个符号(例如，2个符号或4个符号或者7个符号，或者小于等于14个符号的任意数目符号)。
另外，在频域上，资源调度的基板单位可以是资源块(resource block，RB)。例如，一个RB可以包括12个子载波。
下面，对本申请实施例的传输对象进行详细说明。
具体地说，本申请实施例的传输对象可以为参考信号(Reference Signal，RS)也可以称为导频信号(Pilot Signal)，是由发射设备(或者，也可以称为发送设备或发送端)提供给接收设备的用于信道估计、信道测量、信道探测或信道解调等的一种已知信号。
在本申请实施例中，参考信号可以应用于物理层，不承载来自高层的数据信息。并且，该参考信号可以包括下行参考信号和上行参考信号。
其中，下行参考信号包括用于下行的小区特定参考信号(Cell-specific Reference Signal，CRS)，用于下行的终端设备特定参考信号(UE-specific Reference Signal，UE-RS)，用于下行的信道测量的信道状态信息参考信号(CSI-RS)，用于下行的组特定参考信号(Group-specific Reference Signal，GRS)，用于下行的定位参考信号(Positioning RS，PRS)，用于下行的波瓣参考信号(Beam reference signal，BRS)，用于下行的波瓣细化参考信号(Beam refinement reference signal，BRRS)，或用于下行的相位补偿参考信号(Phase compensation reference signal，PCRS)等等。其中，用于下行的UE-RS也叫用于下行的解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)。
上行参考信号包括用于上行解调的解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)，用于上行信道测量的探测参考信号(Sounding reference signal，SRS)，或者用于上行的PCRS等等。
除参考信号外，本申请的传输对象还可以为具有良好相关特性的序列信号集合中的一个序列信号。所述良好相关特性是集合中任意一个序列具有较大的自相关峰值，以及集合中任意两个序列具有较小的互相关峰值。即，在本申请实施例中，发送设备可以发送多个信号，其中至少一个信号为具有上述良好相关性的序列信号。
具体地说，相关是指一个序列信号与同集合另一个序列信号进行相关计算，计算得到相关值。从而，对于具有良好相关特性的序列信号，接收设备能够基于相关性，检测该信号是否存。即，对于具有相关性的序列信号的传输无需使用导频等检测机制。其中，作为具有良好相关特性的信号的一种，可以列举参考信号(或者说，导频信号)。
应理解，以上列举的序列信号的具体示例仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此，例如，该序列信号还可以是用于承载反馈信息(例如，确认(ACK)信息或非确认(NACK)信息)的信号、资源请求信号或测量请求信号等。
以下，为了便于理解和说明，以参考信号为例，对本申请实施例的信号传输过程进行说明。
在本申请中，参考信号可以包括但不限于具有以下功能的参考信号：
1.用于数据信道解调
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)所承载于的信道可以承载经调制的数据，从而，该信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行针对该数据的解调。
作为示例而非限定，作为该用于信道解调的信号可以列举，例如，解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)或公共参考信号(Common Reference Signal，CRS)等。
并且，本申请实施例中的“数据信道解调”的具体方法和过程可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
另外，作为示例而非限定，该用于数据信道解调的信号(例如，该DMRS)所适用于的信道(或者说，所解调的信道)可以上行信道(例如，PUSCH)，也可以是下行信道(例如，PDSCH)本申请并未特别限定本申请并未特别限定。
2.用于控制信道解调
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)所承载于的信道可以承载经调制的控制信息，从而，该信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行针对该控制信息的解调。
作为示例而非限定，作为该用于信道解调的信号可以列举，例如，DMRS或CRS等。
并且，本申请实施例中的“控制信道解调”的具体方法和过程可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
另外，作为示例而非限定，该用于控制信道解调的信号(例如，该DMRS)所适用于的信道(或者说，所解调的信道)可以上行信道(例如PUCCH)，也可以是下行信道(例如，PDCCH)，本申请并未特别限定本申请并未特别限定。
3.用于信道状态信息测量
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行针对所承载于的信道的测量，例如，信道质量测量。
作为示例而非限定，作为该用于信道测量的信号可以列举，例如，信道状态信息参考信号(Channel State Information-Reference Signal，CSI-RS)、探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，SRS)或公共参考信号(Common Reference Signal，CRS)等。
并且，本申请实施例中的“信道测量”的具体方法和过程可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
另外，作为示例而非限定，该用于信道测量的信号(例如，该DMRS)所适用于的信道(或者说，所测量的信道)可以上行信道(例如，PUSCH或PUCCH)，也可以是下行信道(例如，PDCCH或PDSCH)本申请并未特别限定。
4.用于相位补偿
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行针对一般相位噪声(Common phase error，CPE)和子载波间干扰(Inter-subcarrier Interference，ICI)的测量。
作为示例而非限定，作为该用于信道测量的信号可以列举，例如，相位补偿参考信号(Phase Compensation Reference Signal)，信道状态信息参考信号(Channel State Information-Reference Signal，CSI-RS)等。
并且，本申请实施例中的“相位补偿”的具体方法和过程可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
5.用于承载反馈信息
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行反馈处理，例如，混合自动重传(Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest，HARQ)处理，即，该信号(例如，第一信号和/或第二信号)可以用于承载反馈信息，例如，确认ACK信息或NACK信息。
6.用于承载资源请求信息
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行资源请求过程，即，该信号可以是用于承载资源请求信息(例如，资源调度请求信息)的信号。作为示例而非限定，该资源请求信息可以是请求分配用于传输数据(例如，上行数据或下行数据)的时频资源的请求信息。
7.用于承载测量请求信息
具体地说，本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于进行测量请求过程，即，该信号可以是用于承载测量请求信息的信号。作为示例而非限定，该测量请求信息可以是请求下行测量参考信号发送的请求信息。
8.用于自动增益控制AGC调整
具体地说，自动增益控制(Automatic Gain Control，AGC)是使放大电路的增益自动地随信号强度而调整的自动控制方法。自动增益控制是限幅输出的一种，它利用线性放大和压缩放大的有效组合对输出信号进行调整。当弱信号输入时，线性放大电路工作，保证输出信号的强度。当输入信号达到一定强度时，启动压缩放大电路，使输出幅度降低。也就是说，AGC功能可以通过改变输入输出放大比例自动控制增益的幅度。
本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于AGC调整过程，并且，该参考信号在AGC调整过程中的用途和使用方法可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
9.用于时频同步
本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于时频同步，并且，该参考信号在时频同步过程中的用途和使用方法可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
10.用于无线资源管理RRM测量
具体地说，无线资源管理(Radio Resource Management，RRM)是在有限带宽的条件下，为网络内无线用户终端提供业务质量保障，其基本出发点是在网络话务量分布不均匀、信道特性因信道衰弱和干扰而起伏变化等情况下，灵活分配和动态调整无线传输部分和网络的可用资源，最大程度地提高无线频谱利用率，防止网络拥塞和保持尽可能小的信令负荷。
本申请实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于RRM测量过程，并且，该参考信号在RRM测量过程中的用途和使用方法可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
11.用于定位测量
发明实施例中的信号(例如，参考信号)可以用于定位测量过程，并且，该参考信号在定位测量过程中的用途和使用方法可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
应理解，以上列举的参考信号的功能的仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此，例如，作为参考信号的功能，还可以列举用于波瓣状态信息(Beam state information)测量或波瓣细化信息(Beam refinement information)测量等。
下面，对本申请的参考信号进行详细说明。
在本申请中，在上行传输或者下行传输中，为了降低PAPR，可以采用DFT-s-OFDM波形。
在现有的DFT-s-OFDM波形的参考信号，例如DMRS，是基于正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)序列或佐道夫舒(Zadoff-chu)序列生成的，这两种序列生成的参考信号的PAPR均与采用QPSK调制的DFT-s-OFDM波形接近，即大于采用pi/2-BPSK调制的DFT-s-OFDM波形的PAPR。即，在现有技术中，当数据采用pi/2-BPSK调制时，参考信号的PAPR大于数据的PAPR。由此，在现有技术中，数据信号与参考信号的合信号的PAPR升高，造成信号的总输出功率下降，并且，如果参考信号进行功率回退，则导致信道估计精度下降；如果参考信号不进行功率回退，则由于参考信 号的PAPR更高，造成其经过功率放大器(power amplifier，PA)后具有较大失真，同样影响信道估计性能。
一种可能的解决方式是使用pi/2-BPSK调制的序列生成参考信号。
但是，该方式下，由于pi/2-BPSK调制在时域进行，即pi/2-BPSK调制的序列在时域生成，因此，存在序列在频域非恒模(或者说，在频域不平坦)的情况，从而影响参考信号的信道估计性能。
为了解决上述问题，在本申请中，可以基于互为互补序列的两个序列(即，第一序列和第二序列)分别生成两个参考信号(记做，第一参考信号和第二参考信号)，并通过同一资源发送这两个参考信号，由于第一参考信号和第二参考信号基于互补序列生成，因此，可使得参考信号在频域平坦。
下面，对第一序列和第二序列的生成方式进行详细说明。
上述第一序列和第二序列可以是原始序列(例如，数据序列)经过时域调制后生成的序列。即，发送设备可以对第一原始序列(记做，b A)进行时域调制，例如，pi/2-BPSK调制，生成第一序列(记做，T A)。
其中，第一原始序列与第二原始序列为互补序列(complementary sequences，CS)。互补序列也可以称为Golay序列，并且，互补序列成对存在。
在应用数学中，互补序列是具有有用特性的序列对，即两个互补序列的异相非周期自相关系数总和为零。
或者说，两个互补序列在经过离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transformatio，DFT)后的模平方相加等于常数。
作为实例而非限定，以下示出了K＝20时的第一原始序列与第二原始序列的一例。
b A＝[1，1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，-1，1，1，-1，1，-1，-1，1]。
b B＝[1，1，1，1，-1，1，1，1，1，1，-1，-1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，1，-1]。
并且，在本申请中，例如，可以根据以下公式进行pi/2-BPSK调制：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000009
其中，s A(k)为T A中的第k个符号，k∈[0,K-1]，K为T A的长度，j为复数符号，即，
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000010
并且，发送设备可以对第二原始序列(记做，b B)进行时域调制，例如，pi/2-BPSK调制，生成第二序列(记做，T B)。
例如，可以根据以下公式进行pi/2-BPSK调制：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000011
s B(k)为T B中的第k个符号，k∈[0,K-1]，K为T B的长度，j为复数符号，即，
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000012
应理解，上述pi/2-BPSK调制仅为一个示例，在实际中，pi/2-BPSK调制还可能包含 其余的实现方式，例如，还可能包含一个额外的初始相位等。
在如上所述获取第一序列和第二序列后，发送端设备可以对该第一序列进行频域转换以生成第一频域序列，并且，发送端设备可以对该第二序列进行频域转换以生成第二频域序列，进而可以根据该第一频域序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二频域序列生成第二参考信号。
由于第一原始序列与第二原始序列为互补序列，因此，经过时域调制后而生成的第一序列与第二序列为互补序列。进而，经过频域转换后而生成的第一频域序列与第二频域序列互为互补序列。
在本申请中，第一频域序列与第二频域序列互为互补序列可以是指：由|F A| 2+|F B| 2构成的序列中的每一个元素均为常数。
例如，由|F A| 2+|F B| 2构成的序列中的元素均相等。或者说，由|F A| 2+|F B| 2构成的序列中的元素由同一常数构成。
在本申请中，如上所述生成的第一参考信号和第二参考信号通过同一资源传输。
其中，第一参考信号和第二参考信号通过同一资源传输可以理解为以下至少一种含义：
含义1：发送端设备通过同一天线端口发送第一参考信号和第二参考信号，接收端设备通过同一天线端口接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号。
含义2：第一参考信号和第二参考信号承载于相同的子载波，或者说，第一参考信号和第二参考信号承载于同一子载波集合。
含义3：第一参考信号和第二参考信号承载于在同一时间单元内的不同符号。
下面，对本申请的用于承载参考信号的频域资源的配置进行说明。
根据互补序列的要求和性质，需要使上述第一序列以及第二序列的长度K满足以下条件(即，条件1)：
K＝2 a10 b26 c，其中，a、b、c为非负整数。
在本申请中，第一参考信号可以仅基于上述第一序列生成，第二参考信号可以仅基于上述第二序列生成(即，情况1)，或者，第一参考信号可以基于上述第一序列和填充序列生成，第二参考信号可以基于上述第二序列和填充序列生成(即，情况2)。
下面，分别对以上两种情况下，第一序列的长度与用于承载参考信号频域之间的关系进行详细说明。
情况1
为了实现全带宽的信道估计，需要使用于生成参考信号的序列的长度与参考信号在频域占用的子载波的数目(记做，N)相同。
因此，在情况1，需要使第一序列和第二序列的长度(即，K)的值与N的值相同。
如上所述，通常情况下，一个RB包括12个子载波，并且，RB是资源调度的基本单位，即，接入设备为终端设备调度的资源块的数量为正整数。
因此，参考信号所占用的总带宽(或者说，承载参考信号的RB所包括的总子载波数)为3的倍数。
例如，假设接入设备为终端设备调度了W个RB，则参考信号占用的总子载波数目最多为12W，考虑梳状映射(随后，对梳状映射进行说明)，则，N＝D*12W，D表示参考 信号的频域密度，随后进行详细说明。
因此，由于W为3的倍数，因此T A和T B的长度K为3的倍数(即，条件2)。
并且在本申请中，参考信号与频域资源的映射方式可以成梳状，即，如果将承载参考信号的子载波称为目标子载波，并将未承载参考信号的子载波称为非目标子载波，则任意两个相邻的目标子载波之间可以间隔规定数量(将该数量记做，M)的非目标子载波。
即，在本申请中，在接入设备为终端设备调度的频域资源上，并非所有子载波均承载参考信号，即，参考信号具有规定的“密度”。
设参考信号密度为D，则D＝B/P。
其中，B表示在接入设备为终端设备调度的频域资源内承载有参考信号的子载波的数量，P接入设备为终端设备调度的频域资源内所包括的全部子载波的数量。
因此，为了满足上述条件1和条件2，可以将本申请的第一参考信号和第二参考信号的密度设置为满足以下条件：
D＝1/(3×2 T)，其中，T为正整数或零。
需要说明的是，由于K＝N，因此，为了使一个符号上的第一参考信号所包括的序列的总长度等于接入设备为终端设备调度的资源块所包括的子载波的总数，同一符号内可以包括1/D个T A，或者说，序列在时域表现为重复1/D次。
类似地，可以使该T B在一个符号内重复1/D次，或者说，同一符号内可以包括1/D个T B。
作为示例而非限定，例如，如图2所示，本申请的第一参考信号和第二参考信号的密度可以为1/3，或者说，相邻的两个承载参考信号的子载波之间可以间隔2个未承载参考信号的子载波。此情况下，如图11所示，一个承载第一参考信号的符号内包括3个T A。类似地，一个承载第二参考信号的符号内包括3个T B。
再例如，如图3所示，本申请的参考第一参考信号和第二参考信号的密度可以为1/6，或者说，在一个RB内可以包括2个承载参考信号的子载波，并且，这两个承载参考信号的子载波之间可以间隔5个未承载参考信号的子载波。此情况下，一个承载第一参考信号的符号内包括6个T A。类似地，一个承载第二参考信号的符号内包括6个T B。
再例如，如图4所示，本申请的参考第一参考信号和第二参考信号的密度可以为1/12，或者说，在一个RB内可以仅包括一个承载参考信号的子载波。此情况下，一个承载第一参考信号的符号内包括12个T A。类似地，一个承载第二参考信号的符号内包括12个T B。
情况2
如情况1所示，由于需要使T A和T B的长度K同时满足上述条件1和条件2，因此对第一序列和第二序列的选择和设置造成了限定。
对此，如图5所示，在本申请中，可以使用于生成第一参考信号的时域调制序列(记做，第三序列)可以包括上述第一序列和预设的填充序列。并且，可以使用于生成第二参考信号的时域调制序列(记做，第四序列)。
设填充序列的长度为Y，为了实现全带宽的信道估计，需要使用于生成参考信号的序列的长度与参考信号在频域占用的子载波的数目(记做，N)相同，即需要满足以下条件(记做，条件3)：
K+Y＝N
因此，仅需通过调节Y的值，便可容易地满足上述条件1和上述条件3。
例如，在本申请中，填充序列可以是对预设的填充数据序列进行时域调制，例如，pi/2-BPSK调制后获得的调制符号的序列。
例如，该填充数据可以是由规定数量(例如Y)个“0”构成。
或者，该填充数据可以是由规定数量(例如Y)个“1”构成。
需要说明的是，在情况2中，由于使用填充序列，因此，T A和T B的长度K不必满足上述条件2，从而，无需将本申请的参考信号的密度设置为：D＝1/(3×2 T)。
即，本申请中，参考信号的密度可以任意设置，例如，可以设置为1/2，即，如图6所示，情况2下，本申请的参考第一参考信号和第二参考信号的密度可以为1/2。
下面，对本申请的用于承载参考信号的时域资源的配置进行说明。
例如，如图7所示，在一个时间单元内，承载第一参考信号的符号(记做，第一符号)与承载第二参考信号的符号(记做，第二符号)之间可以间隔有规定数量(例如，α)个符号。并且，该α的具体数值可以由通信系统或通信协议规定。或者，该α的具体数值也可以由接入设备下发给终端设备。
再例如，如图8所示，在一个时间单元内，第一符号与第二符号可以连续。
在本申请中，第一符号和第二符号中，在先传输(例如，在先发送)的一方在一个时间单元内的位置可以位于该时间单元内的第β个符号，并且，该β的具体数值可以由通信系统或通信协议规定。或者，该β的具体数值也可以由接入设备下发给终端设备。
在本申请中，第一符号和第二符号中，在后传输(例如，在先发送)的一方在一个时间单元内的位置可以位于该时间单元内的第γ个符号，并且，该γ的具体数值可以由通信系统或通信协议规定。或者，该γ的具体数值也可以由接入设备下发给终端设备。
如上所述，在本申请中，为了提高参考信号的频域平坦度，需要在同一时间单元(例如，同一时隙)发送两个参考信号，或者说，在同一时间单元内包括两个用于承载参考信号的符号(记做，目标符号)。因此，较现有的参考信号发送方式相比，本申请的参考信号占用的符号的数量增加。
对此，为了减小本申请的参考信号的时域资源开销，可以缩小目标符号的长度。
如图9所示，例如，当参考信号为DMRS时，设数据符号(具体地说，是数据的OFDM符号)在添加循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)之前的长度为E，则本申请的目标符号的长度可以为E/2。从而，能够使本申请的在同一时间单元内发送的用于承载参考信号的符号的总长度与一个用于承载数据的符号的长度相同，从而，能够减小本申请的参考信号的时域资源开销。
需要说明的是，为了使目标符号的长度为数据符号的长度的1/2，可以使目标符号的子载波间隔为数据符号的子载波间隔的2倍。
再例如，当参考信号为CSI-RS，SSS或SRS等信号时，由于参考信号未关联数据符号，此情况下，目标符号(例如，第一符号和第二符号)的长度可以为默认符号长度的1/2，其中，该默认符号长度可以是现有技术中用于承载参考信号(例如，CSI-RS，SSS或SRS等信号)的符号的长度。或者，该默认符号长度可以是网络设备配置的带宽分片(bandwidth part，BWP)所规定的符号长度。另外，该默认符号长度的具体值可以是通信 系统或通信协议规定的，或者，该默认符号长度的具体值可以是接入设备通过例如高层信令等为终端设备配置的。
另外，为了提高参考信号的多径抵抗能力，可以在目标符号中添加CP，在目标符号的长度为数据符号的长度的1/2时，参考信号的CP的长度也为数据符号的CP的1/2。即，由于参考信号的CP长度小于数据符号的CP长度，因此，参考信号的多径抵抗能力弱于数据符号，从而影响解调性能。
对此，如图10所示，在本申请中可以采用以下方式A生成第一序列T A和第二序列T B。
方式A
根据互补序列的特性，假设T C(即，第一子序列Ta的一例)和T D(即，第二子序列的一例)为互补序列对，则T A＝[T C，T D]和T B＝[-T C，T D]依然为互补序列对。
即，在本申请中，第一序列和第二序列的尾部元素(即，T D)相同，从而，可以是用于承载第一参考信号的符号与用于承载第二参考信号连续，进而，可以将第一参考信号和第二参考信号中在先发送的参考信号的尾部作为在后发送的参考信号的CP，即，在后发送的参考信号无需额外增加CP，因此，即使在先发送的参考信号的CP长度与数据符号的CP长度相同，仍然不会增大第一参考信号和第二参考信号的总CP长度。
图11示出了参考信号的频域密度为1/3时，本申请的参考信号的符号的配置情况，如上所述，当参考信号的频域密度为1/3时，参考信号的序列在每个符号中三次重复，如图11所示，用于承载参考信号的两个目标符号(例如，第一符号和第二符号)的最后1/6是相同的，这等效于一个普通符号的1/12长度。作为对比，NR中普通CP的长度为符号长度的1/14。可以看出，此方案的等效CP长度大于普通CP长度，因此不会恶化参考信号的多径抵抗性能。
图12示出了本申请的参考信号的传输过程。
如图12所示，在S210，发送端设备可以对第一原始序列b A进行时域调制(例如，pi/2-BPSK)，生成第一序列T A，并且，可以对第二原始序列b B进行时域调制(例如，pi/2-BPSK)，生成第二序列T B。
在S220，发送端设备可以对第一序列T A，进行频域变换(例如，DFT)，生成第一频域序列，并且，可以对第二序列T B进行频域变换(例如，DFT)，生成第二频域序列。
其中，上述过程与上述第一序列和第二序列的生成方式中描述的过程相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
在S230，发送端设备可以将如上所述生成的第一频域序列和第二频域序列分别映射到子载波上。
作为实例而非限定，发送端设备可以根据以下公式进行上述映射：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000013
其中，对于第一参考信号，
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000014
表示第一频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第一符号上的分量，r(k)表示由第一序列变换至的频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第一序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述 第一子载波的索引，l表示所述第一符号的索引，m＝K/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第一参考信号号的频域密度。
对于第二参考信号，
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000015
表示第二频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第二符号上的分量，r(k)表示由第二序列变换至的频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第二序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l表示所述第二符号的索引，m＝K/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示第二参考信号号的频域密度。
应理解，以上列举的映射方式仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此，例如，还可以根据以下公式进行映射：
Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-000016
其中，w(z)表示r(2q+z)的频域正交序列，r(2q+z)表示由第一序列或第二序列变换至的频域序列中的第2q+z个元素，2q+z∈[0，K-1]，m＝(2p+z)/D+C，C∈[0，2]，q∈[0，K/2-1]，z∈[0，1]。
在S240，发送端设备可以对映射到在载波上的第一频域序列进行快速傅立叶逆变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，生成第一参考信号的符号(例如，第一符号)，并且，发送端设备可以对映射到在载波上的第二频域序列进行IFFT，生成第二参考信号的符号(例如，第二符号)。
在S250，发送端设备可以在第一符号中添加CP。
例如，当第一符号与第二符号连续时，如果采用上述方式A生成第一序列和第二序列，则可以使在第一符号中添加的CP的长度与在数据符号中添加的CP的长度相同，并且，可以不在第二符号中添加CP。
再例如，当第一符号与第二符号非连续时，发送端设备还可以在第二符号中添加CP，并且，可以使分别在第一符号和第二符号中添加的CP的长度为在数据符号中添加的CP的长度的1/2。
在S260，发送端设备可以对如上所述生成的第一符号、第二符号进行复用。
需要说明的是，当第一参考信号和第二参考信号为DMRS时，还可以将该第一符号、第二符号号和数据符号进行复用。
另外，如上所述，在本申请中，由于本申请的参考信号在频域上可以具有规定密度，例如，1/3、1/6等，因此，如图13所示可以使不同端口的参考信号在频域上的位置(具体地说，是承载不同端口的参考信号的子载波的位置)不同，从而，能够通过同一符号发送多个端口的参考信号。
此外，如上所述，在本申请中，由于本申请的参考信号在频域上可以具有规定密度，例如，1/3或1/6等，因此，如图14或图15所示，在第一符号中，第一序列(或者说，第一频域序列)重复多次。
因此，在本申请中，特别当参考信号包括CSI-RS、SRS或SSS时，可利于此时域结 构进行波束扫描。
例如，当密度为1/3时，在第一符号中存在3个第一序列，此情况下，发送端设备可以通过3个不同的波束分别发送这3个第一序列。类似地，发送端设备可以通过3个不同的波束分别发送第二符号中的3个第二序列。
对于本申请的双符号波束扫描，接收端设备可以需要在第一个符号和第二个符号扫描同样的波束集合，如图14所示，在第一符号扫描波束0，波束1，和波束2，则在第二符号也需要扫描波束波束0，波束1，和波束2，而后进行合并。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，如图14所示，接收端设备在两个符号的波束扫描顺序可以相同，或者，如图15所示，接收端设备在两个符号的波束扫描顺序也可以不相同。
从而，根据本申请的方案，接收端设备在第一符号和第二符号之间无需进行波束切换。
同理，本申请参考信号结构可以用于发射端设备的波束扫描。
应理解，以上列举的图12所示的参考信号的传输过程仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此，例如，如图16所示，参考信号的复用也可以在时域调制(例如，pi/2-BPSK调制)之后且DFT之前进行。或者，如图17所示，参考信号的复用也可以在DFT之后且子载波映射之前进行，本申请并未特别限定。
下面对本申请的接收端设备的动作进行说明。
在本申请中，接收端设备可以确定用于承载第一参考信号和第二参考信号的时频资源的位置，例如，时域位置和频域位置。
例如，用于承载第一参考信号和第二参考信号的时频资源的位置可以由通信系统或通信协议规定。
或者，用于承载第一参考信号和第二参考信号的时频资源的位置也可以由接入设备通过例如高层信令等通知接收端设备。
其中，如上所述第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以承载于相同的子载波。
并且，第一参考信号和第二参考信号可以位于同一时间单元内的不同符号。
从而，接收端设备能够通过同一天线端口，在上述时频资源上检测第一参考信号和第二参考信号，并基于第一参考信号和第二参考信号进行信道估计。
例如，在估计信道时，接收端设备可以对两个接收序列联合处理。
例如，接收端设备可以将上述第一原始序列s A(k)变换至频域，得到频域序列r A(k)，并且，接收端设备可以将上述第二原始序列s B(k)变换至频域，得到频域序列r B(k)。
根据互补序列的性质，可以推出：|r A(k)| 2+|r B(k)| 2＝2
假设两个用于承载参考信号的符号的信道维持不变，则接收端设备可以推出所接收到的第一参考信号的频域序列为：
y_ A(k)＝H(k)r A(k)+n A(k)
并且，接收端设备可以推出所接收到的第二参考信号的频域序列为：
y_ B(k)＝H(k)r B(k)+n B(k)
其中，H(k)为待估计的信道增益，n A(k)为第一参考信号的噪声与干扰，n B(k)为第二参考信号的噪声与干扰，假设其功率均为N_0。
频域信道的估计可记为：
H ～(k)＝(y_ A(k)r A *(k)+y_ B(k)r B *(k))/2
＝H(k)(|r A(k)| 2+|r B(k)| 2)+n(k)/2
＝H(k)+n(K)/2
其中，n(k)＝n A(k)r A *(k)+n B(k)r B *(k)，可得到n(k)/2的功率为N_0/2，即合并后的噪声功率被减半。
应注意，在得到H ～(k)后，接收端设备还可以对不同子载波的信道估计值进行进一步的平滑与插值，用以提高信道估计性能。
应理解，以上列举的接收端设备的信道估计方法仅为示例性说明，本申请并未限定于此，例如，接收端设备也可以仅根据第一参考信号和第二参考信号的一方进行信道估计，其中，基于一个参考信号进行信道估计的方法和过程可以与现有技术相似，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
根据本申请提供的方案，通过根据互为互补序列的第一序列和第二序列生成两个参考信号，并通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送这两个参考信号，能够提高参考信号在频域的平坦度，进而提高参考信号的性能。
根据前述方法，图18为本申请实施例提供的无线通信的装置300的示意图。
其中，该装置300可以为发送端设备，即，参考信号的发送设备(例如，接入设备或终端设备)，也可以为芯片或电路，比如可设置于发送端设备的芯片或电路。
该装置300可以包括处理单元310(即，处理单元的一例)，可选地，还可以包括存储单元320。该存储单元320用于存储指令。
一种可能的方式中，该处理单元310用于执行该存储单元320存储的指令，以使装置300实现如上述方法中发送端设备执行的步骤。
进一步的，该装置300还可以包括输入口330(即，通信单元的一例)和输出口340(即，通信单元的另一例)。进一步的，该处理单元310、存储单元320、输入口330和输出口340可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号。该存储单元320用于存储计算机程序，该处理单元310可以用于从该存储单元320中调用并运行该计算计程序，完成上述方法中终端设备的步骤。该存储单元320可以集成在处理单元310中，也可以与处理单元310分开设置。
可选地，一种可能的方式中，该输入口330可以为接收器，该输出口340为发送器。其中，接收器和发送器可以为相同或者不同的物理实体。为相同的物理实体时，可以统称为收发器。
可选地，一种可能的方式中，该输入口330为输入接口，该输出口340为输出接口。
作为一种实现方式，输入口330和输出口340的功能可以考虑通过收发电路或者收发的专用芯片实现。处理单元310可以考虑通过专用处理芯片、处理电路、处理单元或者通用芯片实现。
作为另一种实现方式，可以考虑使用通用计算机的方式来实现本申请实施例提供的通信设备(例如，第一设备)。即将实现处理单元310、输入口330和输出口340功能的程序代码存储在存储单元320中，通用处理单元通过执行存储单元320中的代码来实现处理单元310、输入口330和输出口340的功能。
在一种实现方式中，处理单元310用于根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；
输出口340用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，输出口340用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，输出口340用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
可选地，处理单元310用于根据所述第一序列和填充序列，生成所述第一参考信号，所述第一设备根据所述第二序列和填充序列，生成所述第二参考信号，其中，所述第一参考信号或所述第二参考信号占用的子载波数为N，所述第一序列和所述第二序列的长度为K，所述填充序列的长度为Y，且N＝Y+K。
其中，以上列举的装置300中各模块或单元的功能和动作仅为示例性说明，当该装置300配置在或本身即为发送端设备时，装置300中各模块或单元可以用于执行上述方法中发送端设备所执行的各动作或处理过程。这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
该装置300所涉及的与本申请实施例提供的技术方案相关的概念，解释和详细说明及其他步骤请参见前述方法或其他实施例中关于这些内容的描述，此处不做赘述。
根据前述方法，图19为本申请实施例提供的无线通信的装置400的示意图。
其中，该装置400可以为接收端设备，即，第一参考信号和第二参考信号的接收设备(例如，终端设备或接入设备)，也可以为芯片或电路，比如可设置于接收端设备的芯片或电路。
该装置400可以包括处理单元410(即，处理单元的一例)和存储单元420。该存储单元420用于存储指令。
该处理单元410用于执行该存储单元420存储的指令，以使装置400实现如上述方法中接入设备执行的步骤。
进一步的，该装置400还可以包括输入口430(即，通信单元的一例)和输出口440(即，通信单元的另一例)。进一步的，该处理单元410、存储单元420、输入口430和输出口440可以通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号。该存储单元420用于存储计算机程序，该处理单元410可以用于从该存储单元420中调用并运行该计算计程序，以控制输入口430接收信号，控制输出口440发送信号，完成上述方法中终端设备的步骤。该存储单元420可以集成在处理单元410中，也可以与处理单元410分开设置。
可选地，若该装置400为通信设备(例如，接入设备)，该输入口430为接收器，该输出口440为发送器。其中，接收器和发送器可以为相同或者不同的物理实体。为相同的物理实体时，可以统称为收发器。
可选地，若该装置400为芯片或电路，该输入口430为输入接口，该输出口440为输出接口。
作为一种实现方式，输入口430和输出口440的功能可以考虑通过收发电路或者收发的专用芯片实现。处理单元410可以考虑通过专用处理芯片、处理电路、处理单元或者通用芯片实现。
作为另一种实现方式，可以考虑使用通用计算机的方式来实现本申请实施例提供的通信设备(例如，接入设备)。即将实现处理单元410、输入口430和输出口440功能的程 序代码存储在存储单元420中，通用处理单元通过执行存储单元420中的代码来实现处理单元410、输入口430和输出口440的功能。
在一种实现方式中，输入口430用于通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号，其中，所述第一参考信号时根据第一序列生成的，所述第二参考信号时根据第二序列生成的，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；
处理单元410用于根据第一参考信号和/或第二参考信号进行信道估计。
其中，以上列举的装置400中各模块或单元的功能和动作仅为示例性说明，当该装置400配置在或本身即为接收端设备时，装置400中各模块或单元可以用于执行上述方法中接收端设备所执行的各动作或处理过程，这里，为了避免赘述，省略其详细说明。
该装置400所涉及的与本申请实施例提供的技术方案相关的概念，解释和详细说明及其他步骤请参见前述方法或其他实施例中关于这些内容的描述，此处不做赘述。
图20为本申请提供的一种终端设备500的结构示意图。上述装置400可以配置在该终端设备500中，或者，上述装置400本身可以即为该终端设备500。或者说，该终端设备500可以执行上述方法中终端设备(例如，接收端设备或发送端设备)执行的动作。
为了便于说明，图20仅示出了终端设备的主要部件。如图20所示，终端设备500包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线以及输入输出装置。
处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据，例如用于支持终端设备执行上述传输预编码矩阵的指示方法实施例中所描述的动作。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据，例如存储上述实施例中所描述的码本。控制电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。控制电路和天线一起也可以叫做收发器，主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当终端设备开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解释并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
本领域技术人员可以理解，为了便于说明，图20仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端设备中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
例如，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图20中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。本领域技术人员可以理解，终端设备可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，终端设备可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，终端设备的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央 处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
示例性的，在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为终端设备500的收发单元510，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备500的处理单元520。如图20所示，终端设备500包括收发单元510和处理单元520。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选地，可以将收发单元510中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元510中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
图21为本申请实施例提供的一种接入设备600的结构示意图，可以用于实现上述方法中的接入设备(例如，发送端设备或接收端设备)的功能。并且，上述装置400可以配置在该接入设备600中，或者，上述装置400本身可以即为该接入设备600。接入设备600包括一个或多个射频单元，如远端射频单元(remote radio unit,RRU)610和一个或多个基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)(也可称为数字单元，digital unit，DU)620。所述RRU610可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等等，其可以包括至少一个天线611和射频单元611。所述RRU610部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换，例如用于向终端设备发送上述实施例中所述的信令消息。所述BBU620部分主要用于进行基带处理，对基站进行控制等。所述RRU610与BBU620可以是物理上设置在一起，也可以物理上分离设置的，即分布式基站。
所述BBU620为基站的控制中心，也可以称为处理单元，主要用于完成基带处理功能，如信道编码，复用，调制，扩频等等。例如该BBU(处理单元)620可以用于控制基站40执行上述方法实施例中关于网络设备的操作流程。
在一个示例中，所述BBU620可以由一个或多个单板构成，多个单板可以共同支持单一接入制式的无线接入网(如LTE系统，或5G系统)，也可以分别支持不同接入制式的无线接入网。所述BBU620还包括存储器621和处理器622。所述存储器621用以存储必要的指令和数据。例如存储器621存储上述实施例中的码本等。所述处理器622用于控制基站进行必要的动作，例如用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中关于网络设备的操作流程。所述存储器621和处理器622可以服务于一个或多个单板。也就是说，可以每个单板上单独设置存储器和处理器。也可以是多个单板共用相同的存储器和处理器。此外每个单板上还可以设置有必要的电路。
在一种可能的实施方式中，随着片上系统(system-on-chip，SoC)技术的发展，可以将620部分和610部分的全部或者部分功能由SoC技术实现，例如由一颗基站功能芯片实现，该基站功能芯片集成了处理器、存储器、天线接口等器件，基站相关功能的程序存储在存储器中，由处理器执行程序以实现基站的相关功能。可选地，该基站功能芯片也能够读取该芯片外部的存储器以实现基站的相关功能。
应理解，图21示例的接入设备的结构仅为一种可能的形态，而不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定。本申请并不排除未来可能出现的其他形态的基站结构的可能。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请实施例还提供一种通信系统，其包括前述的发 送端设备和一个或多于一个接收端设备。
应理解，本申请实施例中，该处理器可以为中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，该处理器还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
上述实施例，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，上述实施例可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令或计算机程序。在计算机上加载或执行所述计算机指令或计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以为通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集合的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质。半导体介质可以是固态硬盘。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以 硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种发送参考信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列；
    所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同一资源包括同一子载波集合，和/或
    所述同一资源包括同一时间单元。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同一资源包括至少两个符号，以及
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续，或者
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号之间间隔预设数量的符号。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号为用于数据解调的参考信号，以及
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2，和/或
    承载所述第二参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列包括第一子序列和第二子序列，所述第二序列包括第三子序列和第二子序列，所述第二子序列位于所述第一序列和所述第二序列的尾部，其中
    所述第一子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，所述第三子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，并且
    如果所述第一子序列为Ta，则所述第三子序列为-1×Ta。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续时，所述第一参考信号和所述第一参考信号中在后发送的一方的不包括循环前缀CP。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：
    所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号，包括：
    所述第一设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束发射顺序，发送所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列的长度K满足K＝2 a10 b26 c，其中，a、b、c为非负整数。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，任意两个相邻的目标子载波之间间隔的子载波的数量M满足M＝3×2 T-1，T为正整数或零，所述目标子载波包括在一个资源块中用于承载所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号的子载波。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第一符号上的分量
    Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-100001
    满足：
    Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-100002
    其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第一序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l表示所述第一符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示所述第一参考信号的频域密度。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备根据第一序列生成第一参考信号，根据第二序列生成第二参考信号，其中，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列，包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第一序列和填充序列生成所述第一参考信号，所述第一设备根据所述第二序列和所述填充序列生成所述第二参考信号。
  13. 一种接收参考信号的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号，其中，所述第一参考信号时根据第一序列生成的，所述第二参考信号时根据第二序列生成的，所述第一序列和所述第二序列为互补序列。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同一资源包括同一子载波集合，和/或
    所述同一资源包括同一时间单元。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述同一资源包括至少两个符号，以及
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续，或者
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号之间间隔预设数量的符号。
  16. 根据权利要求13至15中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号为用于数据解调的参考信号，以及
    承载所述第一参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2，和/或
    承载所述第二参考信号的符号的长度为承载数据的符号的长度的1/2。
  17. 根据权利要求13至16中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列包括第一子序列和第二子序列，所述第二序列包括第三子序列和第二子序列，所述第二子序列位于所述第一序列和所述第二序列的尾部，其中
    所述第一子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，所述第三子序列与所述第二子序列为互补序列，并且
    如果所述第一子序列为Ta，则所述第三子序列为-1×Ta。
  18. 根据权利要求13至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当承载所述第一参考信号的符号和承载所述第二参考信号的符号连续时，所述第一参考信号和所述第一参考信号中在后发送的一方的不包括循环前缀CP。
  19. 根据权利要求13至18中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源接收第一参考信号和第二参考信，包括：
    第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合接收第一参考信号和第二参考信。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合接收第一参考信号和第二参考信，包括：
    所述第二设备通过同一天线端口，使用同一资源，利用同一波束集合，基于相同的波束接收顺序接收第一参考信号和第二参考信号。
  21. 根据权利要求13至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一序列的长度K满足K＝2 a10 b26 c，其中，a、b、c为非负整数。
  22. 根据权利要求13至21中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，任意两个相邻的目标子载波之间间隔的子载波的数量M满足M＝3×2 T-1，T为正整数或零，所述目标子载波包括在一个资源块中承载所述第一参考信号和所述第二参考信号的子载波。
  23. 根据权利要求13至22中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一参考信号的频域序列的映射到第一天线端口、第一子载波和第一符号上的分量
    Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-100003
    满足：
    Figure PCTCN2020083927-appb-100004
    其中，r(k)表示频域序列中的第k个元素，k∈[0，K-1]，K表示所述第一序列的长度，p表示所述第一天线端口的端口号，m表示所述第一子载波的索引，l表示所述第一符号的索引，m＝k/D+C，C∈[0，2]，D表示所述第一参考信号的频域密度。
  24. 根据权利要求13至23中任一项所述的方法，所所述第一参考信号是基于所述第一序列和填充序列生成的，所述第二参考信号是基于所述第二序列和所述填充序列生成的。
  25. 一种无线通信的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    用于实现权利要求1至12中任一项所述的方法的单元；或者
    用于实现权利要求13至24中任一项所述的方法的单元。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，当所述计算机程序运行时，
    使得装置执行如权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的方法，或者
    使得装置执行如权利要求13至24中任意一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括：处理器，用于从存储器中调用并运行计算机程序，
    使得安装有所述芯片系统的通信装置执行如权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的方法；或者
    使得安装有所述芯片系统的通信装置执行如权利要求8至20中任意一项所述的方法。
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