WO2020211548A1 - 用于传输数据的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于传输数据的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211548A1
WO2020211548A1 PCT/CN2020/077381 CN2020077381W WO2020211548A1 WO 2020211548 A1 WO2020211548 A1 WO 2020211548A1 CN 2020077381 W CN2020077381 W CN 2020077381W WO 2020211548 A1 WO2020211548 A1 WO 2020211548A1
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Prior art keywords
access point
trigger frame
channel
bit field
data
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PCT/CN2020/077381
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨博
陈鹏
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP20791235.3A priority Critical patent/EP3952584A4/en
Publication of WO2020211548A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211548A1/zh
Priority to US17/504,653 priority patent/US12120046B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0231—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions
    • H04W28/0236—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on communication conditions radio quality, e.g. interference, losses or delay
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
    • H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
    • H04L1/18—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems
    • H04L1/1822—Automatic repetition systems, e.g. Van Duuren systems involving configuration of automatic repeat request [ARQ] with parallel processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/0827—Triggering entity
    • H04W28/0835—Access entity, e.g. eNB
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/09—Management thereof
    • H04W28/0908—Management thereof based on time, e.g. for a critical period only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
    • H04W28/09—Management thereof
    • H04W28/0958—Management thereof based on metrics or performance parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/27—Control channels or signalling for resource management between access points
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]
    • H04W74/0816—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA] with collision avoidance
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0032—Distributed allocation, i.e. involving a plurality of allocating devices, each making partial allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to methods and devices for transmitting data in the field of communications.
  • a carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) competition method is usually used to determine the channel used. Since frequency resources are relatively precious in WLAN, there is no way to ensure that all access points (APs) are deployed in different frequencies. Therefore, in general, adjacent channels are deployed in different frequencies (that is, deployed in different Channels). Channels that are far away can be deployed on the same frequency (that is, deployed on the same channel). As shown in Figure 1, different patterns indicate different channels, the same pattern indicates the same channel, and different numbers indicate different APs: APs numbered 1, 9, 17, 25, 5, 13, 21, and 25 use co-frequency deployment, and APs number 2, 10, 18, 26, 6, 14, 22, and 30 use co-frequency deployment.
  • APs numbered 1, 9, 17, 25, 5, 13, 21, and 25 use co-frequency deployment
  • APs number 2, 10, 18, 26, 6, 14, 22, and 30 use co-frequency deployment.
  • APs numbered 3, 11, 19, 27, 7, 15, 23, and 31 use co-frequency deployment
  • APs number 4, 12, 20, 28, 8, 16, 24, and 32 use co-frequency deployment.
  • the AP needs to detect the channel through competition before sending data. Only when the channel is idle for more than a certain period of time, the channel is considered available, and data can be sent on the available channel. This way of competition may cause excessive When two APs compete for a channel at the same time, conflicts will occur, and some APs cannot send data. In order to avoid conflicts, you can set the detection energy threshold, that is, when the energy on a certain channel is greater than the threshold, it means the channel is occupied and data cannot be sent.
  • the present application provides a method and device for transmitting data, which helps to improve transmission performance.
  • a method for transmitting data including: a first access point detects a channel; if the first access point detects an idle first channel, the first access point communicates with at least one second access point The in point sends a first trigger frame, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger at least one second access point to send data on the first channel after a first preset time.
  • the first access point when it detects an idle first channel, it can send a first trigger frame to the second access point, and trigger the second access point through the first trigger frame
  • Sending data can be compatible with the existing CSMA channel detection mechanism, and can avoid conflicts caused by multiple APs competing for channels at the same time, which helps to improve network transmission efficiency and improves transmission performance.
  • the first access point and the at least one second access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the first access point may send the first trigger frame to at least one second access point on the first channel.
  • the first access point may not send the first trigger frame to the at least one second access point on the first channel.
  • the first access point may send the first trigger frame to the at least one second access point on the resource allocated by the controller. Click to send the first trigger frame.
  • the first access point may broadcast the first trigger frame to at least one second access point.
  • the first access point and the at least one second access point are in the same access point group.
  • any access point in the access point group and the first access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the access points in the same access point group are all access points of the same frequency.
  • the access points of the same frequency may be divided into the same access point group according to the distance, for example, the access points of the same frequency within a radius of 15 meters belong to the same access point group.
  • the access points of the same frequency can be divided into the same access point group according to the service type. For example, the access points of the same frequency that process video services belong to the same access point group.
  • Access point groups can also be divided according to other attributes, but access points in any access point group are co-frequency access points.
  • the network may divide the access point group in advance before sending data, and the access points in the access point group can learn the access point group to which they belong.
  • An access point group is also called an access point set.
  • the first trigger frame includes a first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to identify the access point group, so that at least the first trigger frame is received A second access point is determined to be the same access point group as the first access point according to the bits filled in the first bit field.
  • the receiving address RA field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the media access control of the access point group MAC address.
  • the associated identity identifier AID field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the group identity of the access point group.
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame includes at least one second bit field, and each bit filled in the second bit field in the at least one second bit field is used to indicate a second bit field.
  • the ID of the entry point is not limited to one second bit field.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fourth bit field, and bits filled in the fourth bit field are used to indicate the type of the first trigger frame. In this way, at least one second access point It can be determined according to the bits filled in the fourth bit field that the first trigger frame is used to trigger the transmission of data on the first channel.
  • the first trigger frame further includes a fifth bit field, and the bits filled in the fifth bit field are used to indicate the first identifier of the data to be transmitted by the first access point;
  • the method further includes: the first access point sends data on the first channel according to the first identifier after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the first trigger frame is a CTS frame allowed to be sent, and the RA field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the general information field or the user information field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the method further includes: the first access point sends the first trigger frame to a third access point, the first trigger frame includes a third bit field, and the first trigger frame The bits filled in the three-bit field are used to indicate the backoff time of the third access point. During the backoff time, the first access point and the at least one second access point are on the first channel. send data.
  • the third access point and the first access point are inter-frequency access points.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first access point detects the channel
  • the first access point If the first access point detects an idle second channel, the first access point sends a second trigger frame to the fourth access point on the second channel, and the second trigger frame Used to trigger the fourth access point to send data on the second channel after a second preset time period.
  • the first access point and the fourth access point are co-frequency access points.
  • a method for transmitting data including: a second access point receives a first trigger frame sent by a first access point, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger the second access Point to send data on the first channel after a first preset time period has elapsed;
  • the second access point After the first preset time period has elapsed, the second access point sends data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame.
  • the first access point and the second access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the first access point and the second access point belong to the same access point group.
  • any access point in the access point group and the first access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the first trigger frame includes a first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to identify the access point group;
  • sending data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame includes: the second access point according to the first trigger The bits filled in the first bit field in the frame determine that the second access point and the first access point belong to the same access point group; the second access point has passed the first preset time period After that, data is sent on the first channel.
  • the receiving address RA field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the MAC address of the access point group.
  • the associated identity identifier AID field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field belonging to, and the bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the group identity of the access point group .
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame includes a second bit field, and bits filled in the second bit field are used to indicate the identity of the second access point; wherein, in the After the second access point has passed the first preset time period, before sending data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame, the method includes: the second access point according to the first trigger frame The bits filled in the two-bit field determine that data is sent on the first channel.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fourth bit field, and bits filled in the fourth bit field are used to indicate the type of the first trigger frame, and the method further includes:
  • the second access point determines, according to the bits filled in the fourth bit field, that the first trigger frame is used to trigger the second access point to be on the first channel after the first preset time period. Send data on.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fifth bit field, and bits filled in the fifth bit field are used to indicate a first identifier of data to be transmitted by the first access point;
  • sending data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame includes:
  • the second access point After the first preset time period has elapsed, the second access point sends the data corresponding to the second identifier on the first channel.
  • the first trigger frame is a CTS frame allowed to be sent, and the RA field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the general information field or the user information field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • this application provides a device for transmitting data, which is used to implement the method in the first aspect and/or any possible implementation manner thereof.
  • the device may be a network device, a device in a network device, or a device that can be matched and used with the network device.
  • the device may include a module corresponding to the method/operation/step/action described in the first aspect and/or any possible implementation manners thereof.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, software, or It can be realized by hardware circuit combined with software.
  • the device may include a processing unit and a transceiver unit.
  • this application provides a device for transmitting data, which is used to implement the method in the second aspect and/or any possible implementation manner thereof.
  • the device may be a network device, a device in a network device, or a device that can be matched and used with the network device.
  • the device may include a module corresponding to the method/operation/step/action described in the second aspect and/or any of its possible implementations.
  • the module may be a hardware circuit, software, or It can be realized by hardware circuit combined with software.
  • the device may include a processing unit and a transfer unit.
  • the present application provides a device for transmitting data.
  • the device includes a processor, configured to implement the method described in the first aspect and/or any possible implementation manner thereof.
  • the device may further include a memory.
  • the memory is used to store instructions.
  • the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory, the first aspect and/or any possible implementation manners thereof may be implemented. Described method.
  • the device may further include a communication interface for communicating with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other types of communication interfaces.
  • the present application provides a device for transmitting data.
  • the device includes a processor for implementing the method described in the second aspect and/or any possible implementation manners thereof.
  • the device may further include a memory.
  • the memory is used to store instructions.
  • the processor executes the instructions stored in the memory, the above second aspect and/or any possible implementation manners thereof may be implemented Described method.
  • the device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • this application provides a system for transmitting data, which includes the device provided in the third aspect and the device provided in the fourth aspect; or
  • the system includes the device provided by the fifth aspect and the device provided by the sixth aspect;
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium in which computer instructions are stored.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are executed on the computer, the computer executes the above aspects and any possible design methods.
  • this application provides a chip including a processor.
  • the processor is used to execute the above aspects and methods in any possible implementation manners.
  • the chip further includes a memory, and the memory is coupled with the processor.
  • the chip further includes a communication interface.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the above aspects and any possible design methods.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of an AP provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of AP and STA provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of another AP and STA provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a CTS frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a trigger frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a public information domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a method for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a trigger frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the frame format of another trigger frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an RA domain provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic block diagram of another device for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic block diagram of another device for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless local area network (WLAN) systems.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other systems, such as long-term evolution ( long term evolution, LTE) system, LTE frequency division duplex (FDD) system, LTE time division duplex (TDD), universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), global interconnected microwave Access (worldwide interoperability for microwave access, WiMAX) communication systems, the future 5th generation (5G) system or new radio (NR), etc.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD LTE time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX global interconnected microwave Access
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G future 5th generation
  • NR new radio
  • WLANs wireless local area networks
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application.
  • the scenario system shown in Figure 2 may be a WLAN system.
  • the WLAN system of Figure 2 may include one or more APs and one or more STAs. Take two APs (AP 1 and AP 2) and two user stations (station, STA) (STA 1 and STA 2) as examples. Among them, various standards can be passed between AP and AP, AP and STA, and STA and STA Perform wireless communication.
  • User station can also be called system, subscriber unit, access terminal, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, user device, or user equipment (user equipment, UE).
  • the station can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor, or a wireless communication terminal.
  • the site is a mobile phone that supports WiFi communication, a tablet that supports WiFi communication, a set-top box that supports WiFi communication, a smart TV that supports WiFi communication, a smart wearable device that supports WiFi communication, and a vehicle that supports WiFi communication. Communication equipment and computers supporting WiFi communication functions.
  • the site may support 802.11 standard equipment under the current network system or the future network system.
  • the AP and the STA communicate through a wireless local area network, and transmit data from the STA to the network side, or transmit data from the network side to the STA.
  • APs are also called wireless access points or hotspots.
  • AP is the access point for mobile users to enter the wired network. It is mainly deployed in homes, buildings and campuses. The typical coverage radius is from tens of meters to hundreds of meters. Of course, it can also be deployed outdoors.
  • AP is equivalent to a bridge connecting wired and wireless networks, and its main function is to connect various wireless network clients together, and then connect the wireless network to the Ethernet.
  • the AP may be a terminal device or a network device with a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WiFi) chip.
  • the AP may be a device that supports the 802.11 standard under the current network system or the future network system.
  • single-user multiple-input multiple-output single-user multiple-input multiple-output (single-user multiple-input multiple-output, SU-MIMO) technology or multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (single-user multiple-input multiple-output) can be used between AP and STA.
  • SU-MIMO single-user multiple-input multiple-output
  • MU-MIMO multi-user multiple-input multiple-output
  • each STA is equipped with one or more antennas.
  • Each AP supports multi-site coordination and/or joint transmission.
  • computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.), optical disks (for example, compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs) Etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.).
  • magnetic storage devices for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.
  • optical disks for example, compact discs (CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs) Etc.
  • smart cards and flash memory devices for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.
  • various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • the term "machine-readable medium” may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • a timing transmission scheme can be adopted, that is, to define synchronous transmission time slots for different APs, so that adjacent APs transmit in different time slots to reduce interference ; APs that are far away transmit in the same time slot to achieve concurrent transmission and improve transmission efficiency.
  • This method uses the timing transmission mechanism, which is incompatible with the existing CSMA mechanism, and the timing transmission method is easy to interfere with Transmit other APs or stations (station, STA).
  • scheduling time slots can be allocated to APs on the same frequency.
  • Each AP detects the channel status at the beginning of the scheduling time slot. If the channel is busy, skip the scheduling time slot. If the channel is free, then When sending data in this time slot, since the AP detects the state of the channel at the beginning of the scheduling time slot, it is possible that the channel is only occupied at the beginning of the scheduling time slot and is idle at other times, which will lead to the randomness of the detection channel Large, and only detect the channel status at the beginning of the scheduling time slot. The status at the beginning does not represent the status of the entire scheduling time slot.
  • AP1 detects that the channel is idle at the beginning of the scheduling time slot, but AP2 is scheduling It is detected that the channel is busy at the beginning of the time slot. Even if AP1 and AP2 are APs with the same frequency, only AP1 can send data, and AP2 cannot send data, which will reduce transmission performance.
  • WiFi usually works in the unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency band.
  • ISM industrial, scientific, and medical
  • This frequency band includes about 70 MHz in 2.4G, and about 200 MHz in 5G frequency band or the frequency band in future network systems.
  • APs are usually deployed very densely.
  • adjacent APs usually work in different frequency bands.
  • the bandwidth occupied by each AP is usually 20M, 40M, 80M or more, even if In this way, it is impossible to guarantee that all APs work on different frequency bands. Therefore, if one or two APs are apart, another AP will work on the same frequency band.
  • These APs working on the same frequency band are called the same frequency.
  • AP In the embodiments of the present application, APs in the same access point group are all called same-frequency APs.
  • Coordinated transmission Different co-frequency APs only send data to terminal devices in their cell, and rely on CSMA for channel multiplexing. Cooperative transmission is to exchange necessary information between APs through certain algorithms and rules, so that different co-frequency APs can achieve controlled concurrent transmission or time-sharing transmission. Generally, the data transmitted in coordination does not perform cross-AP joint coding and decoding, and the data transmitted by each AP only needs to be coded in the AP. As shown in Figure 3, AP1 sends data to STA1, AP2 sends data to STA2, and AP1 and AP2 can exchange information to achieve coordinated transmission.
  • both AP1 and AP2 can send data to STA1, and AP1 only needs to perform coding at this AP, AP2 only needs to perform coding set at this AP, and AP1 and AP2 can exchange information to realize coordinated transmission.
  • Joint transmission similar to coordinated transmission, the same frequency AP realizes controlled concurrent transmission.
  • the difference from cooperative transmission is that the data sent by APs participating in joint transmission needs to be jointly encoded, and the receiving end must receive signals from multiple transmitting ends before decoding.
  • both AP1 and AP2 can send data to STA1, and AP1 and AP2 need to be jointly encoded, and AP1 and AP2 can exchange information to achieve joint transmission.
  • both AP1 and AP2 can send data to STA1, and AP1 and AP2 need to be jointly encoded and then sent to STA1; both AP1 and AP2 can send data to STA2, and AP1 and AP2 need to be jointly encoded before sending data to STA2 send. This can realize joint transmission.
  • the format of the CTS frame is shown in Figure 5.
  • the 2-byte frame control (frame control) field describes the format of the frame, including the protocol version, frame type, and necessary control Information (whether segmentation, encryption, power control, etc.), the 2-byte time duration (duration) field indicates the time to occupy the channel, and the 6-byte receiving address (receiving, RA) field indicates the CTS frame Destination address, the 4-byte frame check sequence (FCS) field is used for verification.
  • the 802.11 standard defines two kinds of CTS frames according to the receiving address (RA) of the CTS frame. One is to receive the response frame of the send (receive to send, RTS) frame, called CTS frame.
  • the STA sends the RTS frame to the AP.
  • the source address of the RTS frame is the address of the STA, and the destination address is the address of the AP.
  • the destination address of the CTS frame is the address of the STA (that is, the destination address of the CTS frame is the address of the STA), that is, the address of the STA is the address of the RA.
  • Another CTS frame is used by the AP to send to the STA.
  • the destination address of the CTS frame is the address of the AP itself, that is, the address of the AP at the RA.
  • Trigger frame The trigger frame is used for the frame sent by the access point to the station.
  • the frame format of the trigger frame is shown in Figure 6.
  • the 2-byte frame control field describes the frame format, including Protocol version, frame type and necessary control information (whether to segment, whether to encrypt, whether to perform power control, etc.); the 2-byte duration field indicates the time to occupy the channel; the 6-byte RA field indicates this
  • the destination address of the trigger frame is usually the broadcast address of the STA;
  • the 6-byte transmitting address (TA) field indicates the transmitting address of the trigger frame, that is, the source address;
  • the trigger frame also includes 8 bytes or more of public Information (common info) field, user information (user info) field of 5 bytes or more, padding (padding) field of several bytes, and frame check sequence (FCS) field of 4 bytes. If the trigger frame is sent to multiple STAs, there may be multiple user information fields, and each STA corresponds to one user information field.
  • the public information field includes a 4-bit trigger type field, the trigger type field indicates the type of the current trigger frame, and different values of the trigger type field indicate different trigger frames for different functions;
  • the 12-bit uplink (UL) length (length) subfield indicates the length of the protocol data unit (presentation protocol data unit, PPDU) to be sent;
  • the 2-bit uplink bandwidth (UL BW) field Indicates the bandwidth of the STA that received the trigger frame to send uplink data;
  • 32-bit trigger independent common information has different meanings according to different values of the trigger type field; other fields have different meanings according to different trigger types For the meaning of, see the description in the 802.11 standard.
  • the user information field includes a 12-bit association identifier (AID) field, which is used to indicate the identity of the STA. For details, refer to the description in the 802.11 standard.
  • the user information field also includes several bits of trigger dependent user information (trigger dependent user info) fields and other fields. For other fields, please refer to the description in the 802.11 standard.
  • the 32-bit trigger independent public information domain of the public information domain or the 32-bit trigger independent user information of the user information domain includes a 4-bit cooperation type domain and a 4-bit service identifier (TID) domain.
  • a 24-bit joint transmission ID (coordiantion/joint transmission ID) field indicates the priority of the transmitted service
  • the 24-bit joint transmission field filled bits are used to identify the data to be transmitted.
  • the definition of the bits filled in the 4-bit cooperation type field can be: 0000 means coordinated spatial reuse, 0001 means coordinated orthogonal frequency division multiple access, and 0002 means coordinated beam Coordinated beamforming, 0003 represents coordinated handover, 0004 represents distributed MIMO, and 0005-1111 are reserved bits.
  • FIG. 8 shows a method 100 for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present application, including:
  • the first access point detects the channel
  • S120 If the first access point detects an idle first channel, the first access point sends a first trigger frame to at least one second access point, and at least one second access point receives the first access point.
  • the first access point and the at least one second access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the first preset time period may be a time period stipulated by an agreement, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first preset time period may be a short interframe space (SIFS).
  • SIFS short interframe space
  • only one second access point is used as an example for description.
  • the second access point After the second access point receives the first trigger frame sent by the first access point, after the first preset period of time has elapsed, the second access point is in the second access point according to the first trigger frame. Send data on one channel.
  • the first access point and the at least one second access point are in the same access point group, and optionally, any access point in the access point group is the same as the first access point. Frequency access point.
  • the first access point may send the first trigger frame to the at least one second access point on the first channel, and the at least one second access point may send data on the first channel that receives the first trigger frame .
  • the first access point may not send the first trigger frame to at least one second access point on the first channel.
  • it may use preset resources or resources allocated by the controller to send the first trigger frame to at least one second access point.
  • the access point sends the first trigger frame, the preset resource or the resource allocated by the controller has a corresponding relationship with the first channel, and the corresponding relationship is used to indicate the relationship between the preset resource or the resource allocated by the controller and an idle channel .
  • the at least one second access point can determine the idle first channel according to the corresponding relationship, so that the Send data on one channel.
  • the corresponding relationship indicates: resource 1 corresponds to channel 1, resource 2 corresponds to channel 2. If the first access point sends the first trigger frame on resource 1, the second access point receives the first trigger frame on resource 1. After a trigger frame, it is determined according to the corresponding relationship that channel 1 is the first free channel, and the second access point can send data on channel 1. If the first access point sends the first trigger frame on resource 2, the first After receiving the first trigger frame on resource 2, the second access point determines that channel 2 is the idle first channel according to the corresponding relationship, and then the second access point can send data on channel 2.
  • the access points in the same access point group are all co-frequency access points.
  • the access points of the same frequency may be divided into the same access point group according to the distance, for example, the access points of the same frequency within a radius of 15 meters belong to the same access point group.
  • the access points of the same frequency can be divided into the same access point group according to the service type. For example, the access points of the same frequency that process video services belong to the same access point group.
  • Access point groups can also be divided according to other attributes, but access points in any access point group are co-frequency access points.
  • the frame format of the first trigger frame mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may be the frame format of the aforementioned CTS frame or the frame format of the Trigger frame.
  • the frame format of the first trigger frame can also be a newly defined frame format.
  • the embodiment of this application does not limit the frame format of the first trigger frame, as long as it can trigger at least one second access point to pass the first preset All frames of the function of sending data on the first channel after the time period can be called the first trigger frame.
  • the second access point can also execute method 100, that is, any access point in the access point group can detect the channel, and when an idle channel is detected, the first trigger frame can be sent. After receiving the first trigger frame, other access points in the access group stop detecting the channel, and send data on the first channel after the first preset time.
  • the first access point in the access point group can detect idle channels and send the first trigger frame to other access points in the access point group; or the access point group
  • Each access point in the network can detect an idle channel, which access point detects an idle channel first, sends the first trigger frame to other access points, and other access points receive the first trigger frame Then stop detecting the channel, and send data on the idle channel after the first preset time period has elapsed according to the first trigger frame.
  • a specific access point or all access points in the same frequency access point detect channels, and which access point detects an idle channel first, can send other access points on the same frequency
  • Sending the first trigger frame to trigger other access points to collaboratively send data which can be compatible with the existing CSMA channel detection mechanism, and can avoid conflicts caused by multiple APs competing for channels at the same time, which helps to improve network transmission efficiency. Help improve transmission performance.
  • the first trigger frame may include several bit fields, and the bits filled in the several bit fields represent different meanings.
  • the first trigger frame may include at least one of the following bit fields: a first bit field, one or more second bit fields, a third bit field, a fourth bit field, and a fifth bit field.
  • the first trigger frame may include one or more than two bit fields among the five bit fields.
  • the first trigger frame may only include the first bit field and the fourth bit field. among them:
  • the bits filled in the first bit field are used to identify the access point group, and the access point that receives the first trigger frame can determine that it belongs to the access point group according to the bits filled in the first bit field.
  • the bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the media access control (MAC) address of the access point group; for another example, the bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the group identification of the access point group.
  • the group ID is the group ID. In this way, the second access point that receives the first trigger frame can determine that it belongs to the access point group according to the group identifier saved by itself and the group identifier filled in the first bit field.
  • the network can pre-divide access point groups.
  • the access points in the access point group store the group identification of the access point group.
  • the access point in the access point group receives the first trigger frame
  • the The bits filled in the first bit field in the frame determine that they belong to the access point group, and the access points in the access point group can determine that the first trigger frame is a trigger frame sent to themselves, so that the first trigger frame can Trigger the access points in the access point group to perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • two access point groups are pre-divided into access point group 1 and access point group 2.
  • the group IDs of access point group 1 and access point group 2 are ID 1 and ID 2, respectively.
  • Group 1 includes access point 1 and access point 2
  • access point group 2 includes access point 3 and access point 4.
  • Access point 1 and access point 2 store identification 1, access point 3 and access Point 4 is saved with logo 2.
  • Access point 1 broadcasts trigger frame 1
  • access point 2 in access point group 1 receives trigger frame 1
  • the first bit filled in trigger frame 1 is identifier 1
  • access point 2 fills in according to the first bit
  • the bit of is identification 1 to determine that it belongs to access point group 1
  • access point 2 can determine that trigger frame 1 is a trigger frame sent to itself, and access point 2 needs to associate with access point 1 in access point group 1.
  • access point 3 in access point group 2 also receives trigger frame 1, and access point 3 determines that the group identifier filled in the first bit field in trigger frame 1 is identifier 1, which is the same as the group saved by itself.
  • the access point 3 determines that it does not belong to the access point group 1, and the access point 3 can determine that the trigger frame 1 is not the trigger frame sent to itself, and the access point 3 does not need to be the same as those in the access point group 1.
  • Access point 1 performs joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the bits filled in each second bit field in one or more second bit fields are used to indicate the identity of a second access point.
  • the bits filled in the second bit field may be the identity of the second access point.
  • ID if there are N second access points in an access point group, the first trigger frame may include N second bit fields, and the bits filled in each second bit field are used to identify a second access point. Entry point. In this way, after any second access point receives the first trigger frame, it determines whether there is its own identity in the second bit field. If there is its own identity, it can be determined that it needs to perform joint or coordinated transmission with the first access point. data.
  • the bits filled in the fourth bit field are used to indicate the type of the first trigger frame, so that after each second access point receives the first trigger frame, it can determine that the first trigger frame is used for triggering according to the bits filled in the fourth bit field
  • the second access point sends data on the first channel after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the bits filled in the fifth bit field are used to indicate the first identifier of the data to be transmitted by the first access point, the first identifier corresponds to the second identifier, and the second identifier is used to identify the data to be transmitted by the second access point.
  • the bits of the field fill determine the data to be transmitted by the first access point, so as to determine the data to be transmitted by itself according to the preset correspondence and the data to be transmitted by the first access point, so that each second access point can pass through After the preset first time period, data is sent on the first channel.
  • the bits filled in the third bit field are used to indicate the backoff time of the third access point that receives the first trigger frame.
  • the third access point is not an access point in the access point group, and the third access point is related to the access point.
  • the access points in the group may be inter-frequency access points.
  • the first access point broadcasts the first trigger frame.
  • the access points that can receive the first trigger frame are divided into two categories, one is the access point in the same access point group, and the other is whether it is an access point There can be multiple access points in the group.
  • the first trigger frame triggers the access points in the same access point group to transmit data, not the third access point in the access point group
  • the point receives the first trigger frame, it does not send data on the first channel according to the backoff time indicated by the bits filled in the third bit field, and gives the first channel to the first access point in the access point group during the backoff time.
  • the access point and the second access point perform coordinated transmission or joint transmission.
  • the first trigger frame is not limited to include one or more of the above five bit fields, the first trigger frame also includes in addition to the above five bit fields For other bit fields, the embodiment of the application does not make any limitation on this.
  • the names of the several bit fields included in the first trigger frame are not limited.
  • the names of the fields in the existing frame can also be the names of newly defined fields.
  • the first bit fields, The second bit field, the third bit field, the fourth bit field, and the fifth bit field are just abbreviations. In the specific implementation process, different names may be used, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first trigger frame can be a self-defined frame.
  • the format of the self-defined frame is as shown in Figure 9, including the aforementioned first bit field, third bit field, fourth bit field, and fifth bit field.
  • the first trigger frame further includes a padding (padding) field and an FCS field.
  • the number of bits filled in each field can be determined according to needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not make any limitation, and FIG. 9 is only an example for description, but should not cause any limitation to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the frame format of the first self-defined trigger frame is shown in Figure 10, including: 2-byte frame control field, 2-byte time duration field, 6-byte RA field, 6-byte TA field, more than 8 words
  • the public information field of the section includes a 12-bit length field, a 4-bit BW field, a 6-bit TX power field, a 4-bit cooperation type field, a 4-bit TID field, and a 26-bit joint transmission identification field.
  • the RA field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned first bit field
  • the frame control field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned fourth bit field
  • the joint transmission identification field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned fifth bit field
  • the time duration field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned third bit field.
  • the definition of the bits filled in the 4-bit cooperation type field can be: 0000 means cooperative spatial multiplexing, 0001 means cooperative orthogonal frequency division multiple access, 0002 means cooperative beamforming, 0003 means cooperative handover, and 0004 means distributed multiplexing. For more input, 0005 ⁇ 1111 are reserved.
  • the bits filled in the TA field are used to indicate the MAC address of the first access point
  • the bits filled in the RA field are used to indicate the MAC group address of the access point group.
  • the bits filled in the length field are used to indicate the length of data to be jointly or cooperatively transmitted by the second access point receiving the first trigger frame.
  • the bits filled in the BW field are used to indicate the bandwidth for joint or coordinated transmission of the access points in the access point group.
  • the bits filled in the TX power field are used to indicate the power used by the second access point that has received the first trigger frame to send data.
  • the bits filled in the TID field are used to indicate the priority of data to be jointly or cooperatively transmitted by the first access point.
  • the bits filled in the joint transmission identification field are used to indicate the identity of the data to be jointly or cooperatively transmitted. Specifically, how many bits each domain occupies can be determined according to needs.
  • FIG. 10 only gives an exemplary number of bits occupied by each domain, which is not limited in the application embodiment.
  • each access point in the access point group saves its own MAC address and the MAC group address of the access point group. In this way, after each access point receives the first trigger frame , Can determine itself as the access point group according to the MAC group address of the access point group filled in the first bit field, so that the access points in the access point group can perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the first trigger frame may be the aforementioned CTS frame.
  • the frame format of the first trigger frame may be similar to the frame format of the CTS frame.
  • the RA field includes the aforementioned first bit field.
  • the RA field may further include the aforementioned fifth bit field.
  • the RA field of the first trigger frame consists of 24 bits in a fixed format and 24 bits allocated by the manufacturer, where the first bit
  • the field padding bits indicate that the MAC group address of the access point occupies the previous 24 bits of the fixed format
  • the fifth bit field is the joint transmission identification field
  • the joint transmission identification field padding bits indicate the first access point to transmit data.
  • An identifier occupies the last 20 bits allocated by the manufacturer, and the bits filled in the TID field can occupy the first 4 bits allocated by the manufacturer.
  • the MAC group address consists of a unicast or broadcast (unicast/multicast, U/M) address, a globally unique or locally unique (global/local, G/L) identifier, and an organizationally unique identifier (QUI). .
  • U/M unicast/multicast
  • G/L globally unique or locally unique
  • QUI organizationally unique identifier
  • the frame control field of the CTS frame includes the aforementioned fourth bit field.
  • the bits filled in the time duration field of the CTS frame shown in FIG. 5 are used to indicate the data that the second access point and the first access point that received the CTS frame will jointly or cooperatively transmit length.
  • the CTS frame can be multiplexed, and a specific field can be multiplexed into the first bit field and/or the fourth bit field and/or the fifth bit field in this embodiment of the application.
  • the access point that receives the first trigger frame It can be determined that it belongs to the access point group according to the first bit field, and it can be determined according to the fourth bit field that the first trigger frame is used to trigger the joint or coordinated transmission of data with the first access point. It can be based on the fifth bit field Determine the data to be transferred.
  • the first trigger frame may be the aforementioned trigger frame.
  • the frame format of the first trigger frame may be similar to the frame format of the trigger frame.
  • the RA field of the first trigger frame in FIG. 6 includes the aforementioned first bit field.
  • the bit filled in the first bit field is the MAC group address of the access point group. In this way, for the access point that receives the first trigger frame, it can be determined that it belongs to the access point group according to the MAC group address in the first bit field.
  • each access point in the access point group in addition to its own MAC address, each access point in the access point group also stores the MAC group address of the access point group, so that each access point receives the first trigger frame After that, it can be determined that it is the access point group according to the MAC group address of the access point group filled in the first bit field, so that the access points in the access point group can perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame in Figure 6 is filled with the group identification of the access point group, that is, the group ID.
  • each access point in the access point group also stores the group identification of the access point group. In this way, after each access point receives the first trigger frame, it can be based on the first bit
  • the group identifier of the access point group filled in the domain determines that it is the access point group, so that the access points in the access point group can perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the RA and of the first trigger frame in FIG. 6 are the broadcast address of the access point.
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame in Figure 6 includes one or more second bit fields, and each bit filled in the second bit field in the one or more second bit fields is used to indicate the status of a second access point Logo.
  • the first trigger frame includes N AID fields, and the bits filled in each AID field are used to identify a second access point, so that N AID fields N second access points can be identified.
  • any second access point in the access point group receives the first trigger frame, it determines whether there is its own identity in the second bit field. If there is its own identity, it can be determined that it needs to communicate with the first access point. Point for joint or collaborative transmission of data.
  • the access points in the access point group can perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the RA and of the first trigger frame in FIG. 6 are the broadcast address of the access point.
  • the frame format of the first trigger frame in any of the three cases a), b) and c) is to allow the access points in the access point group to receive the first trigger frame After that, it can determine itself as an access point in the access point group according to some specific fields in the first trigger frame. In specific implementation, there can be one or one of the three situations a), b) and c). More than species.
  • the type field of the first trigger frame may also include the aforementioned fourth bit field.
  • the type field filled bits included in the public information field as shown in FIG. 6 are used to indicate the first trigger The type of frame.
  • the user information field or the public information field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned fifth bit field.
  • the joint transmission identification field in the trigger independent common information subfield in the common information field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field, or the user information field in the first trigger frame
  • the joint transmission identification field in the trigger independent user information subfield includes the fifth bit field.
  • the time duration field of the first trigger frame includes the aforementioned third bit field.
  • the time duration field shown in FIG. 6 includes a third bit field.
  • the bits filled in the time duration field are used to indicate the backoff time of the third access point that received the first trigger frame, and the third access point is not
  • the access points in the point group, the third access point and the access points in the access point group are inter-frequency access points.
  • the bits filled in the UL BW field of the first trigger frame are used to indicate the bandwidth for joint or coordinated transmission of the access points in the access point group.
  • trigger frames can be multiplexed to multiplex a specific field into the first bit field and/or the second bit field and/or the fourth bit field and/or the fifth bit field and/or the third bit field in this embodiment of the application.
  • Bit field for the access point that receives the first trigger frame and belongs to the access point group: it can be determined that it belongs to the access point group according to the first bit field or the second bit field, and the first trigger can be determined according to the fourth bit field
  • the frame is used to trigger the joint or coordinated transmission of data with the first access point, and the data to be transmitted can be determined according to the fifth bit field.
  • the backoff time can be set on the first channel according to the bits filled in the third bit field, and the first channel is given to the access point during the backoff time
  • the access points in the group perform joint or coordinated transmission.
  • the A domain of the first trigger frame includes the B domain, which can be understood as a part of the A domain, or the A domain is equivalent to the B domain.
  • At least one of the second access points may be a second access point, that is, after performing S110-S130, the method further includes: the first access point continues to detect the channel; if the first access point detects that it is idle On the second channel of the second channel, the first access point sends a second trigger frame to the fourth access point on the second channel, and the second trigger frame is used to trigger the fourth access point to pass through Send data on the second channel after a second preset time period, and the first access point and the fourth access point are co-frequency access points.
  • the first access point can trigger the second access point to transmit data through the first preset time period through the first trigger frame.
  • the first access point can access the fourth access point.
  • the point sends the second trigger frame, which is used to trigger the fourth access point to transmit data after the second preset time period has elapsed, so that time-sharing transmission between the second access point and the fourth access point can be realized.
  • the first access point may not perform joint or coordinated transmission with the fourth access point, that is, the first access point and the fourth access point transmit independently, and the first access point may act as a control node to control the same Time-sharing transmission is performed by the access point of the frequency.
  • the first access point may also trigger joint or coordinated transmission with the fourth access point through the second trigger frame.
  • the second trigger frame may not include the access point group.
  • the address for example, does not include the MAC group address of the access point group.
  • the second trigger frame does not include the group identification of the access point.
  • the RA field in the second trigger frame is a unicast address.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 200 for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 200 may correspond to the first access point described in the above method, or may correspond to the chip or chip of the first access point.
  • each module or unit in the device 200 may be used to execute each action or processing procedure performed by the first access point in the above method.
  • the data transmission device 200 may include a detection unit 210 and the transceiver unit 220.
  • the detection unit 210 is used to detect the channel
  • the transceiver unit 220 is configured to send a first trigger frame to at least one second access point if an idle first channel is detected, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger the at least one second access point to pass through the first Sending data on the first channel after a preset period of time.
  • the apparatus and the at least one second access point belong to the same access point group.
  • the first trigger frame includes a first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to identify the access point group.
  • the receiving address RA field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and the bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the media access control MAC of the access point group address.
  • the associated identity identifier AID field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the group identity of the access point group.
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame includes at least one second bit field, and each bit filled in the second bit field in the at least one second bit field is used to indicate a second access The ID of the point.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fourth bit field, and bits filled in the fourth bit field are used to indicate the type of the first trigger frame.
  • the first trigger frame further includes a fifth bit field, the bits filled in the fifth bit field are used to indicate the first identifier of the data to be transmitted, and the transceiving unit 220 is further configured to: Sending data on the first channel according to the first identifier after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the first trigger frame is a CTS frame allowed to be sent, and the RA field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the general information field or the user information field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the transceiver unit 220 is further configured to send the first trigger frame to a third access point, where the first trigger frame includes a third bit field, and the third bit field is filled with The bit is used to indicate the back-off time of the third access point, and during the back-off time, the transceiver unit is used to send data with the at least one second access point on the first channel.
  • the detection unit 210 is further configured to: detect the channel after the first trigger frame is sent to the at least one second access point; the transceiver unit 220 is further configured to: if the detection To an idle second channel, send a second trigger frame to the fourth access point on the second channel, where the second trigger frame is used to trigger the fourth access point to pass a second preset time After a segment, data is sent on the second channel.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 300 for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 300 may correspond to the second access point described in the above method, or may correspond to the chip or chip of the second access point.
  • each module or unit in the device 300 can be used to execute each action or process performed by the second access point in the above method.
  • the data transmission device 300 can include a receiving unit 310 and sending unit 320.
  • the receiving unit 310 is configured to receive a first trigger frame sent by a first access point, where the first trigger frame is used to trigger the second access point to be on the first channel after a first preset time period. send data;
  • the sending unit 320 is configured to send data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the first access point and the device belong to the same access point group.
  • the first trigger frame includes a first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to identify the access point group, and the apparatus further includes:
  • a determining unit configured to determine that the second access point and the first access point belong to the same access point group according to the bits filled in the first bit field in the first trigger frame;
  • the sending unit 320 is specifically configured to send data on the first channel after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the receiving address RA field of the first trigger frame includes the first bit field, and bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the MAC address of the access point group.
  • the associated identity identifier AID field of the first trigger frame includes that the first bit field belongs to, and the bits filled in the first bit field are used to indicate the group identity of the access point group.
  • the AID field of the first trigger frame includes a second bit field, and the bits filled in the second bit field are used to indicate the identity of the device; the determining unit is also used to After the first preset time period, before sending data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame, it is determined to send data on the first channel according to the bits filled in the second bit field.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fourth bit field, bits filled in the fourth bit field are used to indicate the type of the first trigger frame, and the determining unit is further used to The bits filled in the bit field determine that the first trigger frame is used to trigger the second access point to send data on the first channel after the first preset time period.
  • the first trigger frame includes a fifth bit field, and bits filled in the fifth bit field are used to indicate the first identifier of the data to be transmitted by the first access point; the determining unit further Configured to determine the second identifier of the data to be transmitted by the second access point according to the bits filled in the fifth bit field, where the first identifier and the second identifier have a corresponding relationship;
  • the sending unit 320 is specifically configured to send data corresponding to the second identifier on the first channel after the first preset time period has elapsed.
  • the first trigger frame is a CTS frame allowed to be sent, and the RA field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the general information field or the user information field of the first trigger frame includes the fifth bit field.
  • the apparatus 200 of each of the foregoing solutions has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the first access point in the foregoing method
  • the device 300 of each of the foregoing solutions has the function of implementing the corresponding steps performed by the second access point in the foregoing method
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware Or software implementation, or hardware execution of corresponding software implementation.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions; for example, the sending unit can be replaced by a communication interface, the receiving unit can be replaced by a communication interface, and other units, such as the determining unit, can be replaced by a processor to execute each method separately Transceiving operations and related processing operations in the embodiment.
  • the communication interface of a device is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transmitter, a receiver, a transceiver, a circuit, a bus, a module, a pin, or another type of communication interface, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor can be used to perform, for example, but not limited to, baseband related processing
  • the communication interface can be used to perform, for example, but not limited to, information exchange.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be respectively arranged on independent chips, or at least partly or fully arranged on the same chip.
  • the processor can be further divided into an analog baseband processor and a digital baseband processor, where the analog baseband processor and the communication interface can be integrated on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor can be set on a separate chip. With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology, more and more devices can be integrated on the same chip.
  • a digital baseband processor can be combined with a variety of application processors (such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) Integrated on the same chip.
  • application processors such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.
  • Such a chip may be called a system on chip (SOC).
  • SOC system on chip
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 400 for transmitting data.
  • the apparatus 400 includes a processor 410, a communication interface 420, and a memory 430.
  • the processor 410, the communication interface 420, and the memory 430 are coupled to communicate with each other.
  • the memory 430 is used to store instructions, and the processor 410 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 430 to control the communication interface 420 to send signals and/or receive signal.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 410 is used to detect the channel; the communication receiver 420 is used to connect to at least one second channel if an idle first channel is detected.
  • the in point sends a first trigger frame, where the first trigger frame is used to trigger the at least one second access point to send data on the first channel after a first preset time period.
  • the communication interface 420 is used to receive the first trigger frame sent by the first access point, and the first trigger frame is used to trigger the second access point.
  • the second access point sends data on the first channel after a first preset time period, and sends data on the first channel according to the first trigger frame after the first preset time period passes.
  • the apparatus in FIG. 12 or the apparatus in FIG. 13 in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by the apparatus 400 in FIG. 14, and may be used to execute the first access point and the second access point in the foregoing method embodiment. Corresponding steps and/or processes.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method in the above embodiment .
  • the various embodiments in this application can also be combined with each other.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium with a program code stored in the computer-readable interpretation, and when the program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method in the foregoing embodiment .
  • the foregoing method embodiments in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a processor or implemented by a processor.
  • the processor may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • the steps of the foregoing method embodiments can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other Programming logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), and electronic Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static RAM
  • dynamic RAM dynamic RAM
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous DRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate Synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • direct memory bus random memory Take memory (direct rambus RAM, DR RAM).
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, rather than corresponding to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the computer program product may include one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, terminal equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic disk), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种用于传输数据的方法和装置。该方法包括：第一接入点检测信道；若第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道，第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，第一触发帧用于触发至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在第一信道上发送数据，这样可以兼容现有的CSMA的信道检测机制，并且能够避免多个AP同时竞争信道而导致的冲突，有助于提高网络传输效率，有助于提高传输性能。

Description

用于传输数据的方法和装置
本申请要求于2019年04月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910316685.3、申请名称为“用于传输数据的方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及通信领域中的用于传输数据的方法和装置。
背景技术
在无线局域网(wireless local area network,WLAN)中，通常采用载波侦听多址接入(carrier sense multiple access，CSMA)竞争方式确定所使用的信道。由于在WLAN中，频率资源比较珍贵，没办法保证所有的接入点(access point，AP)都采用异频部署，因此，通常情况下，相邻的信道采用异频部署(即部署在不同的信道)，距离较远的信道可以采用同频部署(即部署在相同的信道)，如图1所示，不同的图案表示不同的信道，相同的图案表示相同的信道，不同的编号表示不同的AP，编号为1、9、17、25、5、13、21和25的AP采用同频部署，编号为2、10、18、26、6、14、22和30的AP采用同频部署，编号为3、11、19、27、7、15、23和31的AP采用同频部署，编号为4、12、20、28、8、16、24和32的AP采用同频部署。AP在发送数据之前需要通过竞争的方式先检测信道，只有当信道空闲超过一定的时间之后，才认为信道可用，则可以在可用的信道上发送数据，这种通过竞争的方式有可能会导致多个AP同时竞争一个信道，这样会发生冲突，从而导致部分AP无法发送数据。为了避免冲突，可以设定检测能量阈值，即在某个信道上能量大于阈值的情况下，表示信道被占用，无法发送数据，只有在信道上的能量小于阈值的情况下，表示信道没有没占用，可以发送数据，但是这样由于其他的信道对空闲的信道存在干扰，导致在空闲的信道上也能检测到能量大于阈值，从而有可能导致相距较远的AP也无法同时发送数据，导致网络效率下降，从而影响传输性能。
发明内容
本申请提供一种用于传输数据的方法和装置，有助于提高传输性能。
第一方面，提供了一种用于传输数据的方法，包括：第一接入点检测信道；若是第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道，第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，第一触发帧用于触发至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间后在第一信道上发送数据。
本申请实施例提供的传输数据的方法，当第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道时，可以向第二接入点发送第一触发帧，通过第一触发帧触发第二接入点发送数据，这样可以兼容现有的CSMA的信道检测机制，并且能够避免多个AP同时竞争信道而导致的冲突，有助于提高网络传输效率，有助于提高传输性能。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第一接入点与至少一个第二接入点为同频接入点。
在一些可能的实现方式中，若第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道，可以在第一信道上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧。当然，第一接入点也可以不在第一信道上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，例如，第一接入点可以在控制器分配的资源上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第一接入点可以向至少一个第二接入点广播第一触发帧。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第一接入点与至少一个第二接入点为同一个接入点组。
在一些可能的实现方式中，接入点组中的任一接入点与所述第一接入点为同频接入点。
需要说明的是同一个接入点组内的接入点都是同频接入点。可选地，可以按照距离将同频的接入点划分为同一个接入点组，例如，在半径为15米范围的同频接入点属于一个接入点组。可选地，可以按照业务类型将同频的接入点划分为同一个接入点组，例如，处理视频业务的同频接入点属于一个接入点组。接入点组还可以根据其他的属性划分，但是任何一个接入点组内的接入点都为同频接入点。
可选地，网络可以在发送数据前将接入点组提前划分好，并且接入点组内的接入点能够获知自身所属的接入点组。接入点组也称为接入点集合。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组，这样可以使得接收到第一触发帧的至少一个第二接入点根据第一比特域填充的比特确定与第一接入点为同一个接入点组。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的接收地址RA域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的媒体接入控制MAC地址。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的关联身份标识AID域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的组标识。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括至少一个第二比特域，所述至少一个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧包括第四比特域，所述第四比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一触发帧的类型，这样，至少一个第二接入点就可以根据第四比特域填充的比特确定第一触发帧是用来触发在第一信道上传输数据的。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧还包括第五比特域，所述第五比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一接入点将要传输的数据的第一标识；所述方法还包括：所述第一接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后根据所述第一标识在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧为允许发送CTS帧，所述第一触发帧的RA域包括所述第五比特域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的通用信息域或用户信息域包括所述第五比特域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述第一接入点向第三接入点发送所述第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧包括第三比特域，所述第三比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第三接入点的退避时间，在所述退避时间期间所述第一接入点和所述至少一个第二接入点在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第三接入点与第一接入点为异频接入点。
在一些可能的实现方式中，在所述第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧之后，所述方法还包括：
所述第一接入点检测信道；
若所述第一接入点检测到空闲的第二信道，所述第一接入点在所述第二信道上向所述第四接入点发送第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后在所述第二信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第一接入点与第四接入点为同频接入点。
第二方面，提供了一种用于传输数据的方法，包括：第二接入点接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据；
所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，第一接入点与第二接入点为同频接入点。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一接入点和所述第二接入点属于同一个接入点组。
在一些可能的实现方式中，接入点组内的任一接入点与第一接入点为同频接入点。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组；
所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据，包括：所述第二接入点根据所述第一触发帧中的第一比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点与所述第一接入点属于同一个接入点组；所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的接收地址RA域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的MAC地址。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的关联身份标识AID域包括所述第一比特域属于，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的组标识。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括第二比特域，所述第二比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第二接入点的标识；其中，在所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据之前，所述方法包括：所述第二接入点根据所述第二比特域填充的比特确定在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧包括第四比特域，所述第四比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一触发帧的类型，所述方法还包括：
所述第二接入点根据所述第四比特域填充的比特确定所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧包括第五比特域，所述第五比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一接入点将要传输的数据的第一标识；
其中，所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据，包括：
所述第二接入点根据所述第五比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点将要传输的数据的第二标识，所述第一标识与所述第二标识存在对应关系；
所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送所述第二标识对应的数据。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧为允许发送CTS帧，所述第一触发帧的RA域包括所述第五比特域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一触发帧的通用信息域或用户信息域包括所述第五比特域。
第三方面，本申请提供一种用于传输数据的装置，用于实现第一方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置，或者是能够和网络设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理单元和收发单元。
第四方面，本申请提供一种用于传输数据的装置，用于实现第二方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置，或者是能够和网络设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第二方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理单元和传递单元。
第五方面，本申请提供一种用于传输数据的装置，该装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第一方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，可选地，所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的指令时，可以实现上述第一方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口。
第六方面，本申请提供一种用于传输数据的装置，该装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第二方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，可选地，所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的指令时，可以实现上述第二方面和/或其任意可能的实现方式中描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种用于传输数据的系统，该系统包括上述第三方面提供的装置以及第四方面提供的装置；或者
该系统包括上述第五方面提供的装置以及第六方面提供的装置；
第八方面，本申请提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方面及其任意可能的设计中的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供一种芯片，包括处理器。处理器用于执行上述方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的方法。
可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，存储器与处理器耦合。
进一步可选地，所述芯片还包括通信接口。
第十方面，本申请提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品包括计算机程序代码，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述方面及其任意可能的设计中的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的AP的布局示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的应用场景示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的AP与STA的示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一AP与STA的示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的CTS帧的帧格式示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的trigger帧的帧格式示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的公共信息域的示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的方法示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的触发帧的帧格式示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一触发帧的帧格式示意图。
图11是本申请实施例提供的RA域的示意图。
图12是本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的装置的示意性框图。
图13是本申请实施例提供的另一用于传输数据的装置的示意性框图。
图14是本申请实施例提供的又一用于传输数据的装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)系统，可选地，本申请实施例还可以应用于其他系统中，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、未来的第五代(5th generation，5G)系统或新无线(new radio，NR)等。
本申请实施例的技术方案还可以应用于无线局域网(wireless local area network，WLAN)，并且本申请实施例可以适用于WLAN当前采用的国际电工电子工程学会(institute of electrical and electronics engineers，IEEE)802.11系列协议中的任意一种协议或者未来IEEE 802.11系列中任意一种协议。
图2示出了本申请实施例的应用场景示意图，如图2所示的场景系统可以是WLAN系统，图2的WLAN系统可以包括一个或多个AP，以及一个或多个STA，图2以两个AP(AP 1和AP 2)和两个用户站点(station，STA)(STA 1和STA 2)为例，其中，AP与AP、AP与STA、STA与STA之间可以通过各种标准进行无线通信。
用户站点(STA)也可以称为系统、用户单元、接入终端、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理、用户装置或用户设备 (user equipment，UE)。站点可以为无线通信芯片、无线传感器或无线通信终端。例如站点为支持WiFi通信功能的移动电话、支持WiFi通信功能的平板电脑、支持WiFi通信功能的机顶盒、支持WiFi通信功能的智能电视、支持WiFi通信功能的智能可穿戴设备、支持WiFi通信功能的车载通信设备和支持WiFi通信功能的计算机。可选地，站点可以支持当前网络系统或者未来网络系统下802.11制式的设备。
本申请实施例中AP与STA通过无线局域网进行通信，并将STA的数据传输至网络侧，或将来自网络侧的数据传输至STA。AP也称之为无线访问接入点或热点等。AP是移动用户进入有线网络的接入点，主要部署于家庭、大楼内部以及园区内部，典型覆盖半径为几十米至上百米，当然，也可以部署于户外。AP相当于一个连接有线网和无线网的桥梁，其主要作用是将各个无线网络客户端连接到一起，然后将无线网络接入以太网。具体地，AP可以是带有无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)芯片的终端设备或者网络设备。可选地，AP可以为支持当前网络系统或者未来网络系统下802.11制式的设备。
具体地，AP和STA之间可以采用单用户多入多出(single-user multiple-input multiple-output，SU-MIMO)技术或多用户多入多出(multi-users multiple-input multiple-output，MU-MIMO)技术进行无线通信。在本申请实施例中，每个STA配备一个或多个天线。每个AP支持多站点协同和/或联合传输。
应理解，本文所涉及的通信可以是直接通信，也可以是间接通信，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
另外，本申请的各个方面或特征可以实现成方法、装置或使用标准编程和/或工程技术的制品。本申请中使用的术语“制品”涵盖可从任何计算机可读器件、载体或介质访问的计算机程序。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括，但不限于:磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。另外，本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。术语“机器可读介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
为了实现多个AP的协同发送数据，在一种可能的实现方式中可以采用定时发送的方案，即为不同的AP定义同步传输时隙，使得相邻的AP在不同的时隙传输，减少干扰；距离较远的AP在相同的时隙传输实现并发传输，提升传输效率，这种方式利用了定时发送机制，定时发送机制与现有的CSMA机制不兼容，并且采用定时传输的方式容易干扰正在传输其他的AP或者站点(station，STA)。
在一种可能的实现方式中，可以为同频AP分配调度时隙，每个AP在调度时隙开始时刻检测信道的状态，如果信道忙，则跳过此调度时隙，如果信道空闲，则在该时隙发送数据，由于AP是在调度时隙的开始时刻检测信道的状态，有可能信道仅在调度时隙的开始时刻被占用，在其他的时刻空闲，这样会导致检测信道的随机性较大，并且仅在调度时隙的开始时刻检测信道的状态，开始时刻的状态并不代表整个调度时隙的状态，有可能AP1在调度时隙的开始时刻检测到信道空闲，但是AP2在调度时隙的开始时刻检测到信道忙，即使AP1和AP2为同频AP，则只有AP1可以发送数据，AP2无法发送数据，从而会使得传输性能下降。首先对本申请所涉及的一些概念或术语进行简要介绍。
同频AP，WiFi通常工作在非授权的工业、科学和医学(industrial scientific medical，ISM)频段，该频段包括2.4G约70MHz，在5G频段约200MHz或者未来网络系统中的频段。在实际应用中，通常AP部署很密集，为了避免AP间过于严重的干扰，通常相邻的AP工作在不同的频段上，每个AP占用的带宽通常为20M、40M、80M或更大，即使如此，也不可能保证所有的AP都工作在不同频段上，因此，间隔1个或2个AP就会有另外一个AP工作在相同的频段上，这些工作在相同频段上的AP称为同频AP。本申请实施例中同一接入点组中的AP都称为同频AP。
协同传输(coordinated transmission)，不同的同频AP只向本小区的终端设备发送数据，依赖CSMA进行信道复用。协同传输是通过一定的算法和规则，在AP之间交互必要的信息，使得不同的同频AP实现受控的并发传输或分时传输。通常协同传输的数据不进行跨AP联合编解码，每个AP传输的数据只需要在本AP进行编码即可。如图3所示，AP1向STA1发送数据，AP2向STA2发送数据，AP1与AP2可以交互信息，从而实现协同发送。如图4所示，AP1和AP2都可以向STA1发送数据，并且AP1只需要在本AP进行编码，AP2只需要在本AP进行编码集合，AP1与AP2可以交互信息，从而实现协同传输。
联合传输(joint transmission)，与协同传输类似，同频AP实现受控的并发传输。与协同传输的区别在于，参与联合发送的AP发送的数据需要进行联合编码，接收端必须接收到多个发送端的信号后才能进行解码。如图4所示，AP1和AP2都可以向STA1发送数据，并且AP1和AP2要进行联合编码，AP1与AP2可以交互信息，从而实现联合传输。如图2所示，AP1和AP2都可以向STA1发送数据，并且AP1和AP2要进行联合编码之后向STA1发送；AP1和AP2都可以向STA2发送数据，并且AP1和AP2要进行联合编码之后向STA2发送。这样可以实现联合传输。
允许发送(clear to send，CTS)帧，CTS帧的格式如图5所示，其中，2字节的帧控制(frame control)域描述了帧的格式，包括协议版本，帧类型及必要的控制信息(是否分段、是否加密、是否进行功率控制等)，2字节的时间持续(duration)域表示拟占用信道的时间，6字节的接收地址(receiving，RA)域表示该CTS帧的目的地址，4字节的帧校验序列(frame check sequence,FCS)域用于校验。其中，802.11标准根据CTS帧的接收地址(receiving address,RA)不同定义了两种CTS帧。一种是接收发送(receive to send，RTS)帧的响应帧，称之为CTS帧，STA给AP发送RTS帧，RTS帧的源地址为STA的地址，目的地址为AP的地址，AP给STA返回发送CTS帧，该CTS帧的目的地址为STA的地址(即CTS帧的目的地址为STA的地址)，也即RA处为STA的地址。另外一种CTS帧用于AP发送给STA，CTS帧的目的地址为AP自身的地址，即RA处为AP的地址。
触发(trigger)帧，trigger帧用于接入点向站点发送的帧，trigger帧的帧格式如图6所示，其中，2字节的帧控制(frame control)域描述了帧的格式，包括协议版本，帧类型及必要的控制信息(是否分段、是否加密、是否进行功率控制等)；2字节的时间持续(duration)域表示拟占用信道的时间；6字节的RA域表示该trigger帧的目的地址，通常是STA的广播地址；6字节的发送地址(transmitting address，TA)域表示该trigger帧的发送地址，也即源地址；trigger帧还包括大于等于8字节的公共信息(common info)域、 大于等于5字节的用户信息(user info)域、若干字节的填充(padding)域以及4字节的帧校验序列(frame check sequence,FCS)域，若该trigger帧是发送给多个STA的，则可以有多个用户信息域，每个STA对应一个用户信息域。
如图6所示公共信息域包括4比特的trigger类型(trigger type)域，trigger type域表示当前的trigger帧的类型，trigger类型域的不同取值表示不同的trigger帧，用于不同的作用；12比特的上行链路(uplink，UL)长度(length)子域表示将要发送的协议数据单元(presentation protocol data unit，PPDU)的长度；2比特的上行链路带宽(uplink bandwidth，UL BW)域指示收到该trigger帧的STA发送上行数据的带宽；32比特的触发独立公共信息(trigger dependent common info)根据trigger类型域的不同取值表示不同的含义；其他的域根据不同的trigger类型表示不同的意义，具体参见802.11标准中的描述。
如图6所示，用户信息域包括12比特的关联标识(association identifier，AID)域，用来指示STA的标识等，具体参见802.11标准中的描述。用户信息域还包括若干比特的触发独立用户信息(trigger dependent user info)域以及其他的域，其他的域具体参见802.11标准中的描述。
如图7所示，公共信息域的32比特的触发独立公共信息域或者用户信息域的32比特的触发独立用户信息的包括4比特的协作类型域、4比特的业务标识域(traffic identifier，TID)以及24比特的联合传输标识(coordiantion/joint transmission ID)域。其中，4比特的TID域填充的比特表示传输的业务的优先级，24比特的联合传输域填充的比特用于标识将要传输的数据。例如，4比特的协作类型域填充的比特的定义可以是：0000表示协作空间复用(coordinated spatial reuse)，0001表示协作正交频分多址(coordinated orthogonal frequency division multiple access),0002表示协作波束赋形(coordinated beamforming)，0003表示协作切换(coordinated handover)，0004表示分布式多入多出(distributed MIMO)，0005～1111为预留位。
下面结合附图具体描述本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的方法。
图8示出了本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的方法100，包括：
S110，第一接入点检测信道；
S120，若所述第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道，所述第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，至少一个第二接入点接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
可选地，所述第一接入点和所述至少一个第二接入点为同频接入点。
可选地，第一预设时间段可以是协议规定的时间段，本申请实施例对此并不作限制。例如，第一预设时间段可以是短帧间隔(short inter frame space，SIFS)。下面仅以一个第二接入点为例进行描述。
S130，第二接入点接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧之后，所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
可选地，第一接入点与至少一个第二接入点为同一个接入点组，可选地，接入点组中的任一接入点与所述第一接入点为同频接入点。
可选地，第一接入点可以在第一信道上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，至少 一个第二接入点可以在接收第一触发帧的第一信道上发送数据。可选地，第一接入点也可以不在第一信道上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，例如，可以利用预设的资源或者控制器分配的资源上向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，预设的资源或者控制器分配的资源与第一信道存在对应关系，对应关系用于指示预设的资源或者控制器分配的资源与空闲的信道之间的关系。若至少一个第二接入点在预设的资源或者控制器分配的资源上接收到第一触发帧，则至少一个第二接入点可以根据对应关系确定空闲的第一信道，从而可以在第一信道上发送数据。举例来说，对应关系指示：资源1与信道1对应，资源2与信道2对应，若第一接入点在资源1上发送第一触发帧，第二接入点在资源1上接收到第一触发帧之后，根据对应关系确定信道1即为空闲的第一信道，则第二接入点可以在信道1上发送数据；若第一接入点在资源2上发送第一触发帧，第二接入点在资源2上接收到第一触发帧之后，根据对应关系确定信道2即为空闲的第一信道，则第二接入点可以在信道2上发送数据。
需要说明的是，同一个接入点组内的接入点都是同频接入点。可选地，可以按照距离将同频的接入点划分为同一个接入点组，例如，在半径为15米范围的同频接入点属于一个接入点组。可选地，可以按照业务类型将同频的接入点划分为同一个接入点组，例如，处理视频业务的同频接入点属于一个接入点组。接入点组还可以根据其他的属性划分，但是任何一个接入点组内的接入点都为同频接入点。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提到的第一触发帧的帧格式可以是前述的CTS帧的帧格式，也可以是Trigger帧的帧格式。当然第一触发帧的帧格式还可以是新定义的一种帧格式，本申请实施例对第一触发帧的帧格式不作限定，只要能够实现触发至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在第一信道上发送数据的功能的帧都可以称之为第一触发帧。
也需要说明的是，第二接入点也可以执行方法100，即接入点组内的任何一个接入点都可以检测信道，当检测到空闲的信道，则可以发送第一触发帧，这样接入组内的其他接入点在收到第一触发帧之后，停止检测信道，经过第一预设时间后在第一信道上发送数据。换句话说，本申请实施例中，接入点组内的第一个接入点可以检测空闲的信道并向接入点组内的其他接入点发送第一触发帧；或者接入点组内的每个接入点都可以检测空闲的信道，哪个接入点先检测到空闲的信道，则向其他的接入点发送第一触发帧，其他的接入点在接收到第一触发帧之后停止检测信道，并根据第一触发帧经过第一预设时间段后在空闲的信道上发送数据。
因此，本申请实施例中，同频接入点中的特定的接入点或者全部的接入点检测信道，哪个接入点先检测到空闲的信道，则可以向同频的其他接入点发送第一触发帧来触发其他的接入点协同发送数据，这样可以兼容现有的CSMA的信道检测机制，并且能够避免多个AP同时竞争信道而导致的冲突，有助于提高网络传输效率，有助于提高传输性能。
可选地，第一触发帧可以包括若干个比特域，该若干个比特域所填充的比特表示不同的意义。示例性地，第一触发帧可以包括以下至少一个比特域：第一比特域、一个或多个第二比特域、第三比特域、第四比特域、第五比特域。换句话说，第一触发帧可以包括这个五个比特域中的一个或两个以上的比特域，例如，第一触发帧可以只包括第一比特域和第四比特域。其中：
第一比特域填充的比特用于标识接入点组，接收到第一触发帧的接入点可以根据第一 比特域填充的比特确定自身属于该接入点组。例如，第一比特域填充的比特用于指示接入点组的媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)地址；又例如，第一比特域填充的比特用于指示接入点组的组标识，组标识为组ID。这样，接收到第一触发帧的第二接入点可以根据自身保存的组标识以及第一比特域填充的组标识确定属于该接入点组。
网络可以预先划分接入点组，接入点组内的接入点保存有接入点组的组标识，当接入点组内的接入点接收到第一触发帧时，根据第一触发帧中的第一比特域填充的比特确定自身属于该接入点组，则接入点组内的接入点可以确定第一触发帧是发给自己的触发帧，这样，第一触发帧可以触发接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。举例来说，预先划分两个接入点组为接入点组1和接入点组2，接入点组1和接入点组2的组标识分别为标识1和标识2，接入点组1包括接入点1和接入点2，接入点组2包括接入点3和接入点4，接入点1和接入点2保存有标识1，接入点3和接入点4保存有标识2。接入点1广播触发帧1，接入点组1内的接入点2接收到触发帧1，触发帧1包括的第一比特填充的比特为标识1，接入点2根据第一比特填充的比特为标识1确定自身属于接入点组1，接入点2可以确定触发帧1是发送给自己的触发帧，接入点2需要与接入点组1中的接入点1进行联合或协同传输数据；接入点组2中的接入点3也接收到触发帧1，接入点3确定触发帧1中的第一比特域填充的组标识为标识1，与自身保存的组标识2不同，则接入点3确定自身不属于接入点组1，接入点3可以确定触发帧1不是发送给自己的触发帧，接入点3不需要与接入点组1中的接入点1进行联合或协同传输。
一个或多个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识，例如第二比特域填充的比特可以是第二接入点的身份标识(identity，ID)，如果一个接入点组中有N个第二接入点，则第一触发帧可以包括N个第二比特域，每个第二比特域填充的比特用于标识一个第二接入点。这样，任何一个第二接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，确定第二比特域中是否存在自身的标识，如果存在自身的标识，则可以确定需要与第一接入点进行联合或协同传输数据。
第四比特域填充的比特用于指示第一触发帧的类型，这样每个第二接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第四比特域填充的比特确定第一触发帧用于触发第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
第五比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一接入点将要传输的数据的第一标识，第一标识对应第二标识，第二标识用于标识第二接入点将要传输的数据，换句话说，第一接入点将要传输的数据与第二接入点将要传输的数据存在预设的对应关系，每个第二接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第五比特域填充的比特确定第一接入点将要传输的数据，从而根据预设的对应关系以及第一接入点将要传输的数据确定自身将要传输的数据，这样每个第二接入点就可以经过预设的第一时间段后，在第一信道上发送数据。
第三比特域填充的比特用于指示接收到第一触发帧的第三接入点退避时间，第三接入点不是接入点组内的接入点，第三接入点与接入点组内的接入点可以是异频接入点。第一接入点广播第一触发帧，能接收到第一触发帧的接入点分为两类，一类是同一个接入点组内的接入点，另一类是不是接入点组内的接入点，这里的第三接入点可以是多个，这样，第一触发帧触发同一接入点组内的接入点传输数据，不是接入点组内的第三接入点在接收到第一触发帧时，根据第三比特域填充的比特指示的退避时间，不在第一信道上发送数据， 在退避时间期间将第一信道让给接入点组内的第一接入点和第二接入点进行协同传输或者联合传输。
需要说明的是，上面的五个比特域只是举例说明，第一触发帧不限于包括上述的五个比特域中的一个或多个，第一触发帧还包括除了上述的五个比特域之外的其他比特域，本申请实施例对此不作任何限定。
也需要说明的是，第一触发帧包括的若干比特域的名称没有任何限定，可以采用现有的帧中的域的名称，也可以是新定义的域的名称，上述的第一比特域、第二比特域、第三比特域、第四比特域和第五比特域只是一个简称，具体在实现过程中，可以是采用不同的名称，本申请实施例对此不作任何限制。
下面分三种情况举例描述上述的五个比特域的。
情况一，第一触发帧可以是自定义的帧，例如，自定义的帧的格式如图9所示，包括前述的第一比特域、第三比特域、第四比特域以及第五比特域中的一个或多个。可选地，第一触发帧还包括填充(padding)域和FCS域。每个域所填充的比特的数量可以根据需要确定，本申请实施例并不作任何限定，并且图9只是举例的形式描述，但不应该造成对本申请实施例的任何限定。
再例如，自定义的第一触发帧的帧格式如图10所示，包括：2字节帧控制域、2字节时间持续域、6字节RA域、6字节TA域、大于8字节的公共信息域、若干字节的填充域以及4字节FCS域。其中大于8字节的公共信息域包括12比特的长度域、4比特的BW域、6比特的TX功率域、4比特的协作类型域、4比特的TID域以及26比特的联合传输标识域。其中，第一触发帧的RA域包括前述的第一比特域，第一触发帧的帧控制域包括前述的第四比特域，第一触发帧的联合传输标识域包括前述的第五比特域，第一触发帧的时间持续域包括前述的第三比特域。例如，4比特的协作类型域填充的比特的定义可以是：0000表示协作空间复用，0001表示协作正交频分多址，0002表示协作波束赋形，0003表示协作切换，0004表示分布式多入多出，0005～1111为预留位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，图10的例子中，TA域填充的比特用于指示第一接入点的MAC地址，RA域填充的比特用于指示接入点组的MAC组地址。长度域填充的比特用于指示接收到第一触发帧的第二接入点在将要进行联合或协同传输的数据的长度。BW域填充的比特用于指示接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输的带宽。TX功率域填充的比特用于指示发送接收到第一触发帧的第二接入点发送数据所采用的功率。TID域填充的比特用于指示第一接入点进行联合或协同传输的数据的优先级。联合传输标识域填充的比特用于指示进行联合或协同传输的数据的标识。具体地，每个域占多少比特可以根据需要确定，图10仅是示例性的给出每个域所占的比特数，申请实施例对此不作任何限定。
在情况一下，接入点组内的每个接入点除了保存有自身的MAC地址之外还保存有接入点组的MAC组地址，这样，每个接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第一比特域填充的接入点组的MAC组地址确定自身为该接入点组，从而可以实现接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。
情况二，第一触发帧可以是前述的CTS帧，换句话说，第一触发帧的帧格式可以类似CTS帧的帧格式。例如，如图5所示RA域包括前述的第一比特域。可选地，如图5所示RA域还可以包括前述的第五比特域。若RA域既包括第一比特域又包括第五比特域， 例如图11所示，第一触发帧的RA域由固定格式的24比特的以及由厂商分配的24比特组成，其中，第一比特域填充比特指示接入点的MAC组地址占用前面的固定格式的24比特，第五比特域为联合传输标识域，并且联合传输标识域填充的比特指示第一接入点将要传输的数据的第一标识占用由厂商分配的最后20比特，TID域填充的比特可以占用由厂商分配的前4比特。其中，MAC组地址的由单播或广播(unicast/multicast,U/M)地址、全球唯一或本地唯一(global/local，G/L)标识和组织唯一标识符(organizationally unique identifier，QUI)组成。
可选地，CTS帧的帧控制域包括前述的第四比特域。
可选地，在情况二中，图5所示的CTS帧的时间持续域填充的比特用于指示接收到CTS帧的第二接入点与第一接入点将要进行联合或协同传输的数据的长度。
这样，可以复用CTS帧，将特定的域复用为本申请实施例的第一比特域和/或第四比特域和/或第五比特域，对于接收到第一触发帧的接入点：可以根据第一比特域确定自身属于接入点组，可以根据第四比特域确定第一触发帧是用于触发与第一接入点进行联合或协同传输数据的，可以根据第五比特域确定将要传输的数据。
情况三，第一触发帧可以是前述的trigger帧，换句话说，第一触发帧的帧格式可以类似trigger帧的帧格式。
在情况三下，可以分a)、b)和c)三种情况讨论：
a)图6的第一触发帧的RA域包括前述的第一比特域。第一比特域填充的比特为接入点组的MAC组地址。这样，对于接收到第一触发帧的接入点，可以根据第一比特域中的MAC组地址确定自身属于该接入点组。
在a)中，接入点组内的每个接入点除了保存有自身的MAC地址之外还保存有接入点组的MAC组地址，这样，每个接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第一比特域填充的接入点组的MAC组地址确定自身为该接入点组，从而可以实现接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。
b)图6的第一触发帧的AID域填充的是接入点组的组标识，即组ID。接入点组内的每个接入点除了保存有自身的ID之外还保存有接入点组的组标识，这样，每个接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第一比特域填充的接入点组的组标识确定自身为该接入点组，从而可以实现接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。
可选地，在b)中，图6的第一触发帧的RA与为接入点的广播地址。
c)图6的第一触发帧的AID域包括一个或多个第二比特域，一个或多个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识。换句话说，若接入点组内包括N个接入点，则第一触发帧包括N个AID域，每个AID域填充的比特用于标识一个第二接入点，这样N个AID域可以标识N个第二接入点。这样，接入点组内的任何一个第二接入点接收到第一触发帧之后，确定第二比特域中是否存在自身的标识，如果存在自身的标识，则可以确定需要与第一接入点进行联合或协同传输数据。从而可以实现接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。
可选地，在a)中，图6的第一触发帧的RA与为接入点的广播地址。
需要说明的是，在a)、b)和c)三种情况中任何一种情况下的第一触发帧的帧格式是为了让接入点组内的接入点在接收到第一触发帧之后，可以根据第一触发帧中的一些特定的 域确定自身为接入点组内的接入点，具体实现中，可以存在a)、b)和c)三种情况中的一种或者一种以上。
在情况三中，可选地，第一触发帧的类型域还可以包括前述的第四比特域，例如，如图6所示的公共信息域包括的类型域填充的比特用于指示第一触发帧的类型。
在情况三中，可选地，第一触发帧的用户信息域或者公共信息域包括前述的第五比特域。例如，如图7所示，第一触发帧的公共信息域中的触发独立公共信息子域中的联合传输标识域包括所述第五比特域，或者，第一触发帧的用户信息域中的触发独立用户信息子域中的联合传输标识域包括第五比特域。
在情况三中，可选地，第一触发帧的时间持续域包括前述的第三比特域。例如，如图6所示的时间持续域包括第三比特域，该时间持续域填充的比特用于指示接收到第一触发帧的第三接入点退避时间，第三接入点不是接入点组内的接入点，第三接入点与接入点组内的接入点是异频接入点。
在情况三中，可选地，第一触发帧的UL BW域填充的比特用于指示接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输的带宽。
这样，可以复用trigger帧，将特定的域复用为本申请实施例的第一比特域和/或第二比特域和/或第四比特域和/或第五比特域和/或第三比特域，对于接收到第一触发帧并且属于接入点组的接入点：可以根据第一比特域或者第二比特域确定自身属于接入点组，可以根据第四比特域确定第一触发帧是用于触发与第一接入点进行联合或协同传输数据的，可以根据第五比特域确定将要传输的数据。对于接收到第一触发帧但不属于接入点组的接入点，可以根据第三比特域填充的比特在第一信道上设置退避时间，在退避时间期间将第一信道让与接入点组内的接入点进行联合或协同传输。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，第一触发帧的A域包括B域，可以理解为B域是A域的一部分，或者A域等价于B域。
上面描述的是接入点组内的接入点可以通过触发帧实现联合或协同传输，但本申请实施例不限于联合或协同传输，例如，也可以实现分时传输，具体来说，方法100中的至少一个第二接入点可以是一个第二接入点，即执行完S110-S130之后，所述方法还包括：第一接入点继续检测信道；若第一接入点检测到空闲的第二信道，所述第一接入点在所述第二信道上向所述第四接入点发送第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后在所述第二信道上发送数据，所述第一接入点和所述第四接入点为同频接入点。这样，第一接入点可以通过第一触发帧触发第二接入点经过第一预设时间段传输数据，在第二接入点传输完成之后，第一接入点可以向第四接入点发送第二触发帧，用于触发第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后传输数据，这样可以实现第二接入点和第四接入点的分时传输。可选地，第一接入点可以与第四接入点不进行联合或协同传输，即第一接入点和第四接入点独立传输，第一接入点可以作为控制节点，控制同频的接入点进行分时传输。可选地，第一接入点也可以通过第二触发帧触发与第四接入点进行联合或协同传输。
可选地，在上述分时传输方式中，可以没有接入点组，即第二触发帧不包括前述的第一比特域，具体来说，第二触发帧中可以不包括接入点的组地址，例如不包括接入点组的MAC组地址。或者，第二触发帧也不包括接入点的组标识。第二触发帧中的RA域为单播地址。
以上结合图1至图11，详细得描述了本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的方法，下面结合图12至图14，详细描述本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的装置。
图12示出了本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的装置200的示意性框图，该装置200可以对应上述方法中描述的第一接入点，也可以对应第一接入点的芯片或者组件，并且，该装置200中各个模块或者单元分别可以用于执行上述方法中第一接入点所执行的各动作或处理过程，如图12所示，该传输数据的装置200可以包括检测单元210和收发单元220。
检测单元210，用于检测信道；
收发单元220，用于若检测到空闲的第一信道，向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述装置和所述至少一个第二接入点属于同一个接入点组。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的接收地址RA域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的媒体接入控制MAC地址。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的关联身份标识AID域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的组标识。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括至少一个第二比特域，所述至少一个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧包括第四比特域，所述第四比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一触发帧的类型。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧还包括第五比特域，所述第五比特域填充的比特用于指示将要传输的数据的第一标识，所述收发单元220还用于：经过所述第一预设时间段后根据所述第一标识在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧为允许发送CTS帧，所述第一触发帧的RA域包括所述第五比特域。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的通用信息域或用户信息域包括所述第五比特域。
作为一个可选实施例，所述收发单元220还用于：向第三接入点发送所述第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧包括第三比特域，所述第三比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第三接入点的退避时间，在所述退避时间期间所述收发单元用于与所述至少一个第二接入点在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述检测单元210还用于：在所述向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧之后，检测信道；所述收发单元220还用于：若所述检测到空闲的第二信道，在所述第二信道上向所述第四接入点发送第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后在所述第二信道上发送数据。
应理解，装置200中各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程请参照前文中方法实施例的描述，为了简洁，这里不加赘述。
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的用于传输数据的装置300的示意性框图，该装置300可以对应上述方法中描述的第二接入点，也可以对应第二接入点的芯片或者组件，并且，该装置300中各个模块或者单元分别可以用于执行上述方法中第二接入点所执行的各动作或处理过程，如图13所示，该传输数据的装置300可以包括接收单元310和发送单元320。
接收单元310，用于接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据；
发送单元320，用于经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一接入点和所述装置属于同一个接入点组。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组，所述装置还包括：
确定单元，用于根据所述第一触发帧中的第一比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点与所述第一接入点属于同一个接入点组；
所述发送单元320具体用于：经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的接收地址RA域包括所述第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的MAC地址。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的关联身份标识AID域包括所述第一比特域属于，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于指示所述接入点组的组标识。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括第二比特域，所述第二比特域填充的比特用于指示所述装置的标识；确定单元还用于在所述经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据之前，根据所述第二比特域填充的比特确定在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧包括第四比特域，所述第四比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一触发帧的类型，确定单元还用于根据所述第四比特域填充的比特确定所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧包括第五比特域，所述第五比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第一接入点将要传输的数据的第一标识；确定单元还用于根据所述第五比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点将要传输的数据的第二标识，所述第一标识与所述第二标识存在对应关系；
所述发送单元320具体用于：经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送所述第二标识对应的数据。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧为允许发送CTS帧，所述第一触发帧的RA域包括所述第五比特域。
作为一个可选实施例，所述第一触发帧的通用信息域或用户信息域包括所述第五比特域。
应理解，装置300中各单元执行上述相应步骤的具体过程请参照前文中方法实施例的 描述，为了简洁，这里不加赘述。
上述各个方案的装置200具有实现上述方法中第一接入点执行的相应步骤的功能，上述各个方案的装置300具有实现上述方法中第二接入点执行的相应步骤的功能；功能可以通过硬件或软件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块；例如发送单元可以由通信接口替代，接收单元可以由通信接口替代，其它单元，如确定单元等可以由处理器替代，分别执行各个方法实施例中的收发操作以及相关的处理操作。在本申请实施例中，一个装置的通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信。示例性的，通信接口可以是发射机、接收机、收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口，本申请实施例不做限制。
在具体实现过程中，处理器可用于进行，例如但不限于，基带相关处理，通信接口可用于进行，例如但不限于，信息交互。上述器件可以分别设置在彼此独立的芯片上，也可以至少部分的或者全部的设置在同一块芯片上。例如，处理器可以进一步划分为模拟基带处理器和数字基带处理器，其中模拟基带处理器可以与通信接口集成在同一块芯片上，数字基带处理器可以设置在独立的芯片上。随着集成电路技术的不断发展，可以在同一块芯片上集成的器件越来越多，例如，数字基带处理器可以与多种应用处理器(例如但不限于图形处理器，多媒体处理器等)集成在同一块芯片之上。这样的芯片可以称为系统芯片(system on chip，SOC)。将各个器件独立设置在不同的芯片上，还是整合设置在一个或者多个芯片上，往往取决于产品设计的具体需要。本申请实施例对上述器件的具体实现形式不做限定。
可以理解的是，对于前述实施例中所涉及的处理器可以通过具有处理器和通信接口的硬件平台执行程序指令来分别实现其在本申请前述实施例中任一设计中涉及的功能，基于此，如图14所示，本申请实施例提供了一种用于传输数据的装置400的示意性框图，装置400包括：处理器410、通信接口420和存储器430。其中，处理器410、通信接口420和存储器430耦合以互相通信，该存储器430用于存储指令，该处理器410用于执行该存储器430存储的指令，以控制该通信接口420发送信号和/或接收信号。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。
其中，在一种可能的实现方式中，若该装置400为第一接入点，处理器410用于检测信道；通信接收420用于若检测到空闲的第一信道，向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
在一种可能的实现方式中，若该装置400为第二接入点，通信接口420用于接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据以及经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
应理解，本申请实施例图12中的装置或图13中的装置可以通过图14中的装置400来实现，并且可以用于执行上述方法实施例中第一接入点和第二接入点对应的各个步骤和/或流程。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例描述的各种设计涉及的方法，流程，操作或者步骤，能 够以一一对应的方式，通过计算机软件，电子硬件，或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来一一对应实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件，比如，考虑通用性好成本低软硬件解耦等方面，可以采纳执行程序指令的方式来实现，又比如，考虑系统性能和可靠性等方面，可以采纳使用专用电路来实现。普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，此处不做限定。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述实施例中的方法。本申请中的各个实施例也可以互相结合。
根据本申请实施例提供的方法，本申请还提供一种计算机可读介质，该计算机可读解释存储有程序代码，当该程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行上述实施例中的方法。
在本申请实施例中，应注意，本申请实施例上述的方法实施例可以应用于处理器中，或者由处理器实现。处理器可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。RAM有多种不同的类型，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的术语“第一”、“第二”等仅是为了区分不同的对象，“第一”、“第二”本身并不对其修饰的对象的实际顺序或功能进行限定。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”，“示例”，“例如”，“可选地”或者“在某些实现方式中”的任何实施例或设计方案都不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用这些词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
在本申请中可能出现的对各种消息/信息/设备/网元/系统/装置/操作/等各类客体进行 了赋名，可以理解的是，这些具体的名称并不构成对相关客体的限定，所赋名称可随着场景，语境或者使用习惯等因素而变更，对本申请中技术术语的技术含义的理解，应主要从其在技术方案中所体现/执行的功能和技术效果来确定。
上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品可以包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、终端设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁盘)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。在本申请实施例中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各实施例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例和方法实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种用于传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一接入点检测信道；
    若所述第一接入点检测到空闲的第一信道，所述第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入点和所述至少一个第二接入点属于同一个接入点组。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括至少一个第二比特域，所述至少一个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入点向第三接入点发送所述第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧包括第三比特域，所述第三比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第三接入点的退避时间，在所述退避时间期间所述第一接入点和所述至少一个第二接入点在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一接入点向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一接入点检测信道；
    若所述第一接入点检测到空闲的第二信道，所述第一接入点在所述第二信道上向所述第四接入点发送第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后在所述第二信道上发送数据。
  7. 一种用于传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二接入点接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据；
    所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一接入点和所述第二接入点属于同一个接入点组。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组；
    所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据，包括：
    所述第二接入点根据所述第一触发帧中的第一比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点与所述第一接入点属于同一个接入点组；
    所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括第二 比特域，所述第二比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第二接入点的标识；
    其中，在所述第二接入点经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据之前，所述方法包括：
    所述第二接入点根据所述第二比特域填充的比特确定在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  11. 一种用于传输数据的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    检测单元，用于检测信道；
    收发单元，用于若检测到空闲的第一信道，向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述至少一个第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置和所述至少一个第二接入点属于同一个接入点组。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括至少一个第二比特域，所述至少一个第二比特域中每个第二比特域填充的比特用于指示一个第二接入点的标识。
  15. 根据权利要求11至14中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元还用于：
    向第三接入点发送所述第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧包括第三比特域，所述第三比特域填充的比特用于指示所述第三接入点的退避时间，在所述退避时间期间所述收发单元用于与所述至少一个第二接入点在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  16. 根据权利要求11至15中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述检测单元还用于：
    在所述向至少一个第二接入点发送第一触发帧之后，检测信道；
    所述收发单元还用于：若所述检测到空闲的第二信道，在所述第二信道上向所述第四接入点发送第二触发帧，所述第二触发帧用于触发所述第四接入点经过第二预设时间段后在所述第二信道上发送数据。
  17. 一种用于传输数据的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收第一接入点发送的第一触发帧，所述第一触发帧用于触发所述第二接入点经过第一预设时间段后在所述第一信道上发送数据；
    发送单元，用于经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一接入点和所述装置属于同一个接入点组。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧包括第一比特域，所述第一比特域填充的比特用于标识所述接入点组，所述装置还包括：
    确定单元，用于根据所述第一触发帧中的第一比特域填充的比特确定所述第二接入点与所述第一接入点属于同一个接入点组；
    所述发送单元具体用于：经过所述第一预设时间段后，在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一触发帧的AID域包括第二比特域，所述第二比特域填充的比特用于指示所述装置的标识；
    确定单元还用于在所述经过所述第一预设时间段后，根据所述第一触发帧在所述第一信道上发送数据之前，根据所述第二比特域填充的比特确定在所述第一信道上发送数据。
  21. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，所述处理器用于执行存储器中的所述计算机程序或指令，使得权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  22. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述处理器与所述存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，所述处理器用于执行存储器中的所述计算机程序或指令，使得权利要求7至10中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，存储有用于实现权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法的程序或者指令。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，存储有用于实现权利要求7至10中任一项所述的方法的程序或者指令。
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