Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
  • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
  • F21S11/002—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
  • A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
  • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
  • A01G9/249—Lighting means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
  • F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
  • F21S11/002—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses
  • F21S11/005—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses with tracking means for following the position of the sun
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
  • F21V7/0008—Reflectors for light sources providing for indirect lighting
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
  • F21V7/22—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors
  • F21V7/24—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by the material
  • F21V7/26—Reflectors for light sources characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings, e.g. dichroic reflectors characterised by the material the material comprising photoluminescent substances
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
  • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a lighting system for multi-layer greenhouses.
• Agricultural production is carried out in indoor or outdoor areas. While the cost of outdoor agricultural production is relatively low, production efficiency is limited since it depends on climate conditions. Greenhouses are enclosed environments for cultivating plants with roofs built from radiation transmitting materials, which shield the plants from climate related constraints and diseases. Agricultural areas are decreasing despite an increase in demand for food due to an increase in population. Therefore, nowadays the importance of greenhouses is increasing day by day. Accordingly, scientific studies are carried out to increase the efficiency of greenhouses. These studies include indoor temperature control, checking the condensation on the outer coatings in order to reduce the light blockage occurring due to condensation, ensuring the transmission and scattering of light through the outer surface coatings, and enabling light to be more efficient for photosynthesis with fluorescent materials. (S. Pearson, A.E. Wheldon, P. Hadley, "Radiation transmission and fluorescence of nine greenhouse cladding materials", Agric. Eng. 62 (1995) 61-70. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1063).
• Plants cannot absorb every spectrum of radiation from the sun with the same efficiency, for example green plants reflect green light more. This brings a natural limit to product yield.
• Coatings that use fluorescent or scattering particles on standard single-layer greenhouses reflect more than half of the radiation from the sun to the exterior of the greenhouse. Due to the rays reflected off the exterior of the greenhouse, the radiation in the unit area decreases significantly. Plants are exposed to less radiation compared to a situation where there is no coating and greenhouse efficiency decreases as the amount of utilizable light decreases. Installation costs for lighting systems in multi-layer vertical farming are high. The high cost of electricity and the cost of replacing the end-of-life lamps are faced in greenhouses where lamps are utilized for lighting.
• Plant growth efficiency can be increased by using coatings that contain fluorescent additives, which absorb the rays in the spectrum that the plants cannot use for photosynthesis (especially UV and IR rays) and/or use in low efficiency, and which can emit in the spectrum used by the plants in high efficiency (S. Pearson, A.E. Wheldon, P. Hadley, "Radiation transmission and fluorescence of nine greenhouse cladding materials", Agric. Eng. 62 (1995) 61-70. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jaer.1995.1063).
• the patent document numbered US20090148931A1 discloses a device, method and illumination system for cultivating biomasses including plants.
• the patent document numbered US6603069B1 discloses a solar energy system consisting of a parabolic-dish solar concentrator and solar tracking system.
• the objective of the present invention is to provide a lighting system for multi layer greenhouses, wherein daylight/solar rays are filtered and converted to spectra efficient for photosynthesis and transmitted to biomasses that perform photosynthesis and the loss of radiation reflected to the exterior of the greenhouse is prevented.
• Another objective of the present invention is to provide a lighting system for multi-layer greenhouses where overall production is increased by exposing the biomasses in the multi-layer greenhouse to an equal amount of radiation.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of the lighting system for multi-layer greenhouses in an example embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 2. is a schematic view of the beam collector that is a parabolic-dish solar (G) concentrator in an example embodiment of the invention.
• G parabolic-dish solar
• Figure 3 is a schematic view of the reflector unit in an example embodiment of the invention.
• the lighting system (1) for multi-layer greenhouses comprises at least one light collector (2) to be positioned on a multi-layer greenhouse (S) roof (R) for collecting daylight/sunlight (G); a fiber optic array (3) on which the light collector (2) focuses the daylight/sunlight (G); at least one fiber optic splitter (5) for distributing the daylight/sunlight (G) in the fiber optic array (3) to the fiber optic cables (4) located in at least one layer (O) of the multi-layer greenhouse (S); and a reflector unit (6) having at least one light reflecting surface (6.1) provided at the back to be positioned in an area above at least one fiber optic cable (4) end for reflecting the daylight/sunlight (G) coming out from the end of a fiber optic cable (4) to a photosynthesizing biomass (B) in the layer (O), a middle layer (6.3) containing fluorescent particles (6.2) which absorb the light in the spectrum that the biomass (B) cannot utilize and/or utilizes with low efficiency for photosynthesis and which emit in the spectrum that it uses in
• Plants, algae, planktons, bacteria, animals are examples of photosynthesizing biomasses (B).
• An embodiment of the lighting system (1) of the present application comprises a middle layer (6.3) including scattering particles (6.5).
• scattering particles (6.5) are titanium dioxide particles, and polyethylene or polycarbonate for the material of the middle layer (6.3).
• the middle layer (6.3) can also be formed only by the deposition of scattering particles (6.5) and fluorescent particles (6.2) on the light reflecting surface (6.1) without utilizing polyethylene or polycarbonate.
• the middle layer (6.3) can also be formed only by the deposition of fluorescent particles (6.2) on the light reflecting surface (6.1) without utilizing polyethylene or polycarbonate.
• Another embodiment of the lighting system (1) of the present application adaptable to all embodiments thereof comprises a solar (G) tracking mechanism that enables the light collector (2) to be directed towards the sun (G).
• the light collector (2) is a parabolic-dish solar (G) concentrator.
• An exemplary parabolic-dish solar (G) concentrator includes a first parabolic reflector (2.1) that directs the daylight/sunlight (G) coming from the outer environment to a second parabolic reflector (2.2) that is located across from it.
• the second parabolic reflector (2.2) transmits the received daylight/sunlight (G) to the fiber optic array (3) located in the center of the first parabolic reflector (2.1).
• the light collector (2) is a parabolic groove.
• the light collector (2) is a Fresnel lens.
• the middle layer (6.3) is a translucent medium.
• the middle layer (6.3) is a borosilicate glass or lens.
• the fluorescent particles (6.2) are contained in a polyethylene-based film.
• the daylight/sunlight (G) is projected onto the fiber optic array (3) via the light collector (2) positioned on the roof (R) of the multi-layer greenhouse (S).
• the daylight/sunlight (G) in the fiber optic array is distributed to the fiber optic cables (4) via the fiber optic splitter(s) (5).
• the daylight/sunlight (G) is carried to the layer(s) (O) by means of the fiber optic cables (4) which extend to the layer(s) (O) of the multi-layer greenhouse (S).
• the daylight/sunlight (G) leaving the fiber optic cables (4) is directed to the reflector units (6) which are located in an area opposite to/above the ends of the fiber optic cables (4).
• the daylight/sunlight (G) first falls onto the anti-reflection coating (6.4) of the reflector unit (6).
• the vast majority of the daylight/sunlight (G) is received into the middle layer (6.3) due to the presence of anti-reflection coating (6.4).
• daylight/sunlight (G) is filtered and the light in the spectrum that the biomass (B) cannot utilize for photosynthesis and/or utilizes with low efficiency is absorbed, and radiation in the spectrum that it uses with high efficiency is emitted.
• the middle layer contains scattering particles (6.5)
• the daylight/sunlight (G) and/or the light in the said spectrum is distributed or scattered by the scattering particles (6.5).
• the daylight/sunlight (G) distributed or scattered by the scattering particles (6.5) is also absorbed by means of the fluorescent particles (6.2) to emit in the more efficient spectrum.
• the un-absorbed daylight/sunlight (G) ratio is minimized by using less fluorescent material.
• the light in the more efficient spectrum is reflected back through the light reflecting surface (6.1) located at the back of the middle layer (6.3) and is projected onto the biomass (B) in the multi-layer greenhouse (S) layer (O).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
• Greenhouses (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (2)

Citations (4)

• 2019
  • 2019-03-29 TR TR2019/04787A patent/TR201904787A2/tr unknown
• 2020
  • 2020-03-06 WO PCT/TR2020/050182 patent/WO2020204858A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

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