WO2020201086A1 - Système de mesure de pression et/ou d'humidité - Google Patents

Système de mesure de pression et/ou d'humidité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020201086A1
WO2020201086A1 PCT/EP2020/058713 EP2020058713W WO2020201086A1 WO 2020201086 A1 WO2020201086 A1 WO 2020201086A1 EP 2020058713 W EP2020058713 W EP 2020058713W WO 2020201086 A1 WO2020201086 A1 WO 2020201086A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensor
processing unit
data
measuring device
gesture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/058713
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mohammad Kabany
Original Assignee
B-Horizon GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by B-Horizon GmbH filed Critical B-Horizon GmbH
Priority to EP20717568.8A priority Critical patent/EP3947010A1/fr
Publication of WO2020201086A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020201086A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/42—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the gastrointestinal, the endocrine or the exocrine systems
    • A61B5/4261—Evaluating exocrine secretion production
    • A61B5/4266—Evaluating exocrine secretion production sweat secretion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/10—Input arrangements, i.e. from user to vehicle, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/60—Instruments characterised by their location or relative disposition in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60N—SEATS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES; VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60N2/00—Seats specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles
    • B60N2/002—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon
    • B60N2/0021—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement
    • B60N2/0024—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat
    • B60N2/0026—Seats provided with an occupancy detection means mounted therein or thereon characterised by the type of sensor or measurement for identifying, categorising or investigation of the occupant or object on the seat for distinguishing between humans, animals or objects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
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    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
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    • G01D5/2403—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying capacitance by moving plates, not forming part of the capacitor itself, e.g. shields
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01G—WEIGHING
    • G01G7/00—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups
    • G01G7/06—Weighing apparatus wherein the balancing is effected by magnetic, electromagnetic, or electrostatic action, or by means not provided for in the preceding groups by electrostatic action
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
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    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • G01L1/144—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors with associated circuitry
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
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    • G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • G01L1/148—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors using semiconductive material, e.g. silicon
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L17/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring tyre pressure or the pressure in other inflated bodies
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L19/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for measuring steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluent medium insofar as such details or accessories are not special to particular types of pressure gauges
    • G01L19/0092—Pressure sensor associated with other sensors, e.g. for measuring acceleration or temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
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    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
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    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
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    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0031—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector comprising two or more sensors, e.g. a sensor array
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    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0073—Control unit therefor
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    • G01N33/24—Earth materials
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K1/00—Printed circuits
    • H05K1/16—Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor
    • H05K1/162—Printed circuits incorporating printed electric components, e.g. printed resistor, capacitor, inductor incorporating printed capacitors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
    • G01N27/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity by using hygroscopic materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
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    • H05K2201/09672—Superposed layout, i.e. in different planes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
    • H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
    • H05K2201/10007—Types of components
    • H05K2201/10151—Sensor

Definitions

  • Measuring device for measuring pressure and / or humidity
  • the present invention relates to a measuring device for measuring pressure and / or humidity as well as a method for measuring pressure and / or humidity, comprising the respective preambles of patent claims 1.
  • the application also discloses a method for controlling a usage object by means of a measuring system described here. This means that all of the features disclosed for the measuring system are also disclosed for the method described here and vice versa.
  • the horizontal direction is preferably a main direction of extent of the flexible Trä germaterials.
  • “flexible” means that the carrier material is at least in places flexible and therefore elastic.
  • the carrier material can be a woven material or some other clothing material such as a polyester.
  • the dielectric layer thus separates the two electrodes in a horizontal and / or in a transverse direction perpendicular thereto.
  • At least one electrode and / or the dielectric layer at least in places, at least one, at least partially liquid-permeable and / or liquid-absorbing moisture layer, is arranged on a side facing away from the carrier material, with the at least one electrode and / or dielectric layer in a transverse direction are arranged between the carrier material and the moisture layer, so that a capacitance is at least partially changed by the liquid at least partially hitting the dielectric layer, a processing unit being set up and provided for measuring and / or storing the measured values of the sensor, so that a capacitive humidity sensor is created.
  • the dielectric constant of the polymer material changes as a function of the moisture content.
  • the task of the processing unit is, among other things, to determine the relative humidity as precisely as possible from a measured ambient temperature and the humidity-dependent capacitance value of the sensor.
  • the data measured by the sensor are sent from the processing unit to a central CPU (Central Processing Unit), these data being processed by the processing unit.
  • a central CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the measuring system comprises at least one 2D and / or 3D gesture recognition system which, for example only together with the device for measuring pressure and / or humidity, identify a user and / or output at least one application command to a usage object .
  • the CPU and the processing unit are preferably different from each other.
  • the CPU and the processing unit are spaced apart from each other.
  • the processing unit and the CPU cannot be arranged on a common carrier and / or substrate if the carrier is not the carrier material, for example a textile.
  • the device claimed here and in particular the sensors are installed on an inner surface of a tire. It is also conceivable that the sensors are even incorporated into the material of the tire. It is conceivable that the sensors are all inserted into the material and thus encased by the material of the tire and that the processing units are arranged on the inner surface of the tire. Alternatively, however, the processing units can also be incorporated into the material of the tire. The sensors can then record the internal tire pressure, the internal tire temperature and / or the individual or total running time of the tire.
  • the measuring device comprises at least one device for measuring pressure and / or humidity, the device having at least one sensor for measuring pressure and / or humidity, the sensor comprising at least one capacitor with at least two electrodes, which in particular are arranged in a horizontal direction along and on a particularly flexible carrier material to one another, with at least one dielectric layer being arranged between the electrodes.
  • the data measured by the sensor are sent from the processing unit to a central CPU (Central Processing Unit), these data being processed by the processing unit.
  • a central CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the device is installed in a control element, in particular in a steering wheel, whereby the user recognizes the user based on an electrical skin resistance of the user, a grip pressure and / or a grip position and / or a skin temperature and / or the usage object based on this data, in particular a vehicle is controlled.
  • a control element in particular in a steering wheel
  • the sensors are arranged along the circumferential direction of the steering wheel.
  • the sensors can be installed on the surface of the steering wheel or slightly below the surface of the steering wheel.
  • the sensors can then be built into the plastic casing of the steering wheel. The user's skin would then not come into direct contact with the sensors.
  • the usage object can be controlled by means of the 2D and / or 3D gesture recognition system.
  • the gesture recognition system can be installed in a rear of a vehicle away from the control means.
  • the gesture recognition system comprises at least one detection means, for example a camera and / or a sensor, such as an infrared sensor, to recognize the gestures.
  • the 2D and / or 3D gesture recognition system first carries out a pre-user gesture recognition and / or a pre-control recognition, only after the CPU has compared the corresponding gesture with control gestures stored in the database of the CPU and the corresponding gesture of a group of control gestures assigned, the sensor has made a fine selection of a gesture from the group of preselected gestures, so that the gesture then obtained through the fine selection essentially corresponds to that made by the user, so that the object of use can be controlled via this gesture then selected.
  • each individual or a group of gestures can be identification system are classified from the image data captured in this way into one or more gesture classes, i.e.
  • the comparison of this data with the gesture data stored in the database includes a classification comparison of data classes of the gesture data with data classes of the database gesture data, with a classification of the respective Gesture based on movement vectors of a body part of the user is carried out in such a way that initially a movement profile is created from the temporal movement of the body part, the movement profile of the body part including movement vectors of the same, and the CPU furthermore the individual gestures, wel che via a given period of time were collected into so-called data blocks or data clusters, which are then classified according to their shape and / or extent.
  • At least one data class of the gesture data corresponds to at least one data type of a gesture stored in the CPU.
  • the gesture control can be used to operate a travel direction, a travel speed of the usage object or some other operating element of the usage object.
  • a group of data objects with similar properties is referred to as a data cluster.
  • the set of clusters found in a data set is called clustering, and a method for calculating such a grouping is called cluster analysis.
  • Data objects that do not belong to a cluster are referred to as outliers, outliers or noise.
  • the core idea of a cluster is that data objects in the same cluster have “similar” properties and thus differ from objects that are not in the same cluster.
  • this can also be assigned to one, preferably exactly one, block or cluster.
  • Tracking the objects i.e. tracking a part of the body such as the user's hand also allows a statement to be made about the direction of movement and thus also about the length of time in a certain virtual segment area in front of the camera.
  • gesture control and gesture classification described above, the same can also be done via the sensor of the device described above.
  • the sensor and / or the processing unit and / or the central CPU can be supplied with electrical energy by means of a battery or a fixed line power supply.
  • Energy harvesting is the term used to describe the production of small amounts of electrical energy from sources such as ambient temperature, vibrations or air currents for mobile devices with low power.
  • the structures used for this are also referred to as nanogenerators.
  • energy harvesting avoids restrictions due to wired power supply or batteries.
  • Piezoelectric crystals generate electrical voltages when a force is applied, for example through pressure or vibration. These crystals can be arranged on or on the carrier material.
  • Thermoelectric generators and pyroelectric crystals generate electrical energy from temperature differences. These generators can be arranged on or on the carrier material.
  • the energy of radio waves can be captured and used energetically via antennas.
  • Passive RFIDs are an example of this. These antennas can be arranged on or on the carrier material.
  • An energy store of the device can be part of a processing unit.
  • one or more of the processing units can have such an energy store (local energy store).
  • only one or some of the processing units has such an energy store, so that one of these processing units supplies another processing unit (namely one which does not have an energy store) with electrical energy.
  • the energy storage unit (s) of the processing unit (s) fully or partially supplies the CPU with electrical energy.
  • the CPU cannot be connected to any further energy stores and / or energy supply lines.
  • At least one of the energy stores can be charged via the aforementioned energy harvesting.
  • the energy transfer between the sensors and / or the processing units and / or the CPU can take place entirely or partially wirelessly.
  • the wireless energy transmission in the near field also referred to as non-radiative coupling, includes, for example, inductive coupling based on magnetic flux.
  • the term wireless energy transfer is often used synonymously for inductive energy transfer, as this plays a dominant role in practical applications. Wave phenomena play no role in the non-radiative coupling in the near field.
  • the wireless energy transfer between the individual elements takes place by means of inductive coupling, resonant inductive coupling and / or capacitive coupling.
  • the measuring device has at least two sensors, the processing unit dividing the sensors into groups of at least one sensor based on at least one of the following criteria: - Location of the sensor or sensors on the carrier material, the carrier material being divided into areas and only sensors of one group being arranged within an area,
  • the measuring device comprises at least two devices for measuring pressure and / or humidity, each processing unit forwards its data received from the sensors to the central CPU.
  • the data connection between the processing unit and the central CPU can be wired (with data connections) or wireless.
  • at least one processing unit can establish a Bluetooth connection to the central CPU.
  • At least one device comprises at least two sensors.
  • a sensor group can already be formed by these two sensors.
  • the two sensors can then be controlled and / or regulated by a common processing unit.
  • the plurality of processing units form a processing network, the acquisition, processing and / or forwarding of the sensor data and / or the processing data of each sensor and / or each processing unit being controlled by at least one control device (master).
  • the control unit can be identical to the CPU described above.
  • one or more of the processing units represent the master, which controls the other processing units (slaves) and / or the other sensors (slaves).
  • one of the processing units and / or the CPU after the device has been put into operation (for example after the device has been switched on), can select such sensors which are put into operation for a predefinable period of use.
  • all or some sensors can also be put into operation, but then it is conceivable that a processing unit and / or the CPU, in particular for the purpose of saving energy, only send data from a predetermined number (i.e. less than all sensors) from sensors to the CPU forwards (filtering).
  • This master processing unit can preferably communicate with the CPU as the only unit.
  • the processing network can be subdivided into at least two, only logically separated, network segments (VLANs) by means of at least one VLAN switch, each of the detection elements depending on the control by a VLAN switch and / or the control device and thus can be controlled by each of the network segments.
  • VLANs network segments
  • a very large area for example a textile
  • individual processing units and / or sensors can then be categorized in a particularly simple manner (according to different priorities, etc.).
  • a “virtual”, that is to say VLAN, subdivision is chosen. This ensures that changes in the categorization of the processing units and / or sensors can be responded to particularly quickly and without complex conversion work.
  • the measuring device comprises at least one processing network, whereby by means of at least one VLAN switch of the processing network, this can be subdivided into at least two, only logically separated, network segments (VLAN), and each processing unit and / or each of the sensors can be controlled by each of the network segments depending on the control by the VLAN switch.
  • VLAN network segments
  • the VLAN switch can be installed in at least one of the processing units and / or sensors or in a separate component.
  • the VLAN switch is used to prioritize the individual network segments, in particular with regard to their data exchange.
  • each processing unit and / or each network segment is assigned at least one VLAN ID, with at least one sensor or another processing unit being controllable via each of the VLAN IDs. Individual sensors and / or individual processing units can form their own sub-network.
  • each sub-network with a separate switch and separate physical data lines is therefore particularly dispensed with, so that a single physical structure can be used for the entire network, this physical structure, i. H. Network architecture, only because of a logical, especially mathematical, distinction ⁇ h. thought), is separated.
  • VLAN switch describes such a network switch, which is set up and intended to operate a network in the form of a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN).
  • VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
  • the network segments now claimed which can each be designed in the form of a VLAN network, enable the separation of the network to be divided into several logical segments, that is to say the network segments.
  • the devices are logically separated by a VLAN ID when they are separated by VLANs.
  • the data stream of each station is given an identifier (the VLAN "tag"). This identifier determines whether a data packet belongs to a specific VLAN. All Devices with the same VLAN ID are now in a logical network.
  • a broadcast can be limited through the logical separation of the individual networks. Broadcasts are only distributed to members of the same VLAN and not to all control elements attached to the switch.
  • VLAN technology described here can be one which is adapted to the industrial standard IEEE 802.1 Q and / or is compatible with it.
  • the IEEE 802.1 Q standard is a prioritization and VLAN technology standardized by the IEEE, which, in contrast to the older, only port-based VLANs, implements packet-based tagged VLANs.
  • the term “tagged” is derived from the English term “material tags”.
  • Tagged VLANS are therefore networks that use network packets that have a special VLAN tag.
  • data fields for V-LAN tagging are defined in the 802.1 Q standard that can be introduced in the data area of an Ethernet packet.
  • the present network can be designed in the form of an Ethernet communication system.
  • This has the advantage that, as a rule, existing, older switches can also forward such packets.
  • the inserted tag usually consists of several fields, for example four fields with a total length of 32 bits.
  • 2 bytes are used for the protocol ID, 3 bits for the priority field, 1 bit for the canonical format indicator and 12 bits for the VLAN ID.
  • each VLAN is therefore initially assigned a unique number. This number is called the VLAN ID.
  • the control device and / or the VLAN switch should initially prefer the data exchange of the higher-priority network segment in order to allow the lower-priority network segment to be processed only after the tasks assigned to this higher-priority network segment have been removed.
  • the general rule is: Assignment and configuration of the OPC UA endpoints to a specific network segment according to the VLAN ID and assignment of a priority according to the priority of the corresponding VLAN.
  • each sensor and / or each processing unit is assigned at least one VLAN ID and each network segment is in turn assigned at least one, for example exactly one, unambiguously, preferably one-to-one, VLAN ID, with each of the VLAN IDs at least a control is controllable.
  • at least one device comprises at least one temperature sensor, wherein the temperature sensor measures an ambient temperature and / or a temperature of a sensor and forwards it to the processing unit of a device and / or to the central CPU.
  • the central CPU determines a degree of utilization (CPU load and / or memory consumption) of at least one processing unit, with at least part of its performance when a limit temperature of the processing unit and / or at least the sensor assigned to this processing unit is exceeded throttled or completely switched off
  • the senor is additionally a capacitive pressure sensor, the processing unit also being set up and provided to measure and / or store a change in capacitance of the capacitor caused by external pressure.
  • a capacitive sensor is a sensor that works on the basis of the change in the electrical capacitance of an individual capacitor or a capacitor system.
  • the capacity can be influenced by the size to be recorded in different ways, which are primarily determined by the intended use.
  • a capacitive sensor is based, among other things, on the fact that two electrodes, one of which can be the surface to be measured, form the "plates" of an electrical capacitor whose capacitance or change in capacitance is measured, which can be influenced as follows:
  • a plate is displaced and / or deformed by the effect to be measured, which changes the plate spacing and thus the electrical measurable capacitance.
  • the plates are rigid and the capacitance changes in that an electrically conductive material or a dielectric is brought into close proximity.
  • the effective plate area changes in that the plates are shifted against each other like a rotary capacitor.
  • the actual measuring electrode can often be surrounded by a shielding electrode that shields the inhomogeneous edge area of the electric field from the measuring electrode.This results in an almost parallel electric field with the known one between measuring electrodes of the usually grounded counter electrode Characteristic of an ideal plate capacitor.
  • a capacitive pressure sensor is in particular one in which the change in capacitance due to the bending of a membrane and the resulting change in the plate spacing is evaluated as a sensor effect.
  • the membrane is the above-mentioned dielectric or the individual capacitor electrodes, which can in particular be designed in the form of a plate.
  • a capacitive humidity sensor is combined with a capacitive pressure sensor in a novel way, but without these components forming separate elements or two separate sensors, rather the present embodiment is a “two in one” “Concept, in which the same sensor functions as both a humidity sensor and a pressure sensor.
  • the carrier material is a woven fabric, in particular in which electrical conductor tracks for electrical contacting of the sensor and the processing unit are woven.
  • a woven fabric is therefore a fabric that has been woven manually or by machine on the basis of individual threads.
  • the electrical conductor tracks can therefore also be integrated in a tissue in addition to the usual fibers and tissue strands, or they can replace individual tissue strands which form the tissue network.
  • tissue Depending on the distance and properties of the individual threads (twisted up, fluffy, etc.), very loose fabrics such as bandages or dense fabrics such as brocade fabric can arise.
  • Textiles are used longitudinally elastic through rubber threads used as warp threads (more ribbons used) or crimped and bulked yarns. They are tensioned, processed and contract when at rest.
  • Bulky yarns consist of textured, i.e. crimped synthetic fibers. The crimp changes the properties of the synthetic fibers.
  • the yarns spun on it are very elastic and voluminous and have good thermal insulation.
  • the carrier material can be part of a cover material for a seat, in particular a vehicle seat or an office chair.
  • the sensor can preferably be the entire device applied to the cover material of such a seat or integrated into such a seat.
  • the processing unit is set up and provided to record the individual humidity and pressure values and to determine at least one respective characteristic value from a combination of the individual humidity and pressure values, from which it can be derived which individual (with weight and / or Size) currently occupies the vehicle seat.
  • a weight of the respective person can be derived and determined from the pressure measurement by the processing unit.
  • the respective moisture that the respective person emits to the sensor can also be measured, the respective characteristic value being, for example, a product of the relative humidity value times the load weight determined by the processing unit.
  • the processing unit can issue a warning, in particular by means of a connection to the electronics of the vehicle.
  • This warning could be that the seat is overcrowded or the driver is sweating too much.
  • This warning can, however, also be replaced by a corresponding display indicating which occupancy type is using the seat.
  • An occupancy type can be a weight classification of a respective user, or it can also be a question of whether the user is an animal, a person or a thing.
  • the processing unit is therefore preferably in display electronics of the vehicle can be integrated, but at least connectable to such.
  • the processing unit connects to a receiving unit of the vehicle, for example by means of Bluetooth or another wireless connection, and the respective characteristic or limit value and / or the respective warning and / or the respective identification of the user on a display of the vehicle be reproduced.
  • these individual values and / or identifications can also be called up and / or displayed externally.
  • the car can be monitored for overcrowding by an external controller.
  • the processing unit can be connected to a triggering unit of an airbag by means of a data connection, so that the processing unit can also control and / or regulate the triggering unit, in particular with regard to a triggering time of the airbag. Additionally and / or alternatively, it is possible for the processing unit to supply a controller unit of the airbag with data, for example with regard to an occupancy type, position and / or weight of a user of the vehicle seat.
  • At least one electrode and / or dielectric layer is printed on the carrier material or on a, in particular water-impermeable, layer arranged on the carrier material or applied by means of a thin-film method.
  • At least one element is printed by means of a printing process on the carrier material or a preferably electrically non-conductive, further preferably water-impermeable layer applied between the sensor and the carrier material.
  • the printing process can be an inkjet process, for example.
  • the processing unit is applied to the carrier material in the same way as the sensor.
  • the processing unit but at least one, in particular conductive, layer of the processing unit, is, for example, printed onto the carrier material.
  • the data communication between the processing unit and the sensor can then take place via the conductor tracks mentioned above.
  • These conductor tracks can be at least partially, but preferably completely, woven into the woven fabric or even form individual fibers of the woven fabric itself.
  • At least one electrode is designed to be flat. This means that a thickness of the electrode is negligible compared to its surface area. Such an electrode can therefore be produced in particular by means of a printing process.
  • a thickness of at least one electrode can be at most 5 mm.
  • the printing process can be used several times, so that at least two, but then preferably more, individual printing layers are stacked on top of one another.
  • the electrode can also be arranged on the carrier material by means of a 3-D printing process.
  • FFF Fused Filament Fabrication
  • FLM Fused Layer Modeling
  • the process describes the application of layers (extrusion) of a material through a hot nozzle.
  • the consumables are in the form of a long wire (so-called filament) on a roll and are pushed into a print head by the conveyor unit, where they are melted and placed on a print bed.
  • the print head and / or print bed can be moved in three directions. In this way, layers of plastic can be applied to one another in stages.
  • a thin layer of powder is always applied to the printing bed by the coating unit.
  • the laser or other energy source
  • the laser is now aimed precisely at individual points of the powder layer in order to form the first layer of the print data.
  • the powder is melted or melted and then solidifies again through slight cooling.
  • the unmelted powder remains around the sintered areas and serves as a support material.
  • the print bed lowers by a fraction of a millimeter.
  • the coating unit now moves over the print bed and applies the next layer of powder.
  • the second layer of the print data is sintered by the laser (or other energy source). This creates a three-dimensional object in layers.
  • the 3DP process works very similarly to selective laser sintering, but instead of a directed energy source, a print head moves over the powder. This releases tiny droplets of binding agent onto the underlying powder layers, which are thus bonded together. Otherwise this procedure is the same as the SLS procedure.
  • liquid resins are used in the stereo lithography process. They are hardened in layers by UV radiation and thus create three-dimensional objects. For this purpose, the construction platform in the Harz Basin is gradually lowered.
  • the so-called Polyjet process without a whole basin with liquid resin. For this, an epoxy resin is applied drop by drop from a nozzle and cured immediately by a UV laser.
  • LOM Laminated Object Manufacturing
  • LLM Layer Laminated Manufacturing
  • One or more water-impermeable layers and / or also the moisture layer can be applied in the same type and / or thickness as the electrode.
  • the moisture layer completely covers the capacitor.
  • the moisture layer delimits and closes off the sensor towards the outside, that is to say in the transverse direction, so that the sensor is arranged between the moisture layer and the carrier material.
  • the senor has at least one further capacitor, which is arranged in the transverse direction below or above the capacitor and spaced apart from the capacitor by a further water-impermeable layer or under this further water-impermeable layer, so that a capacitor stack is formed.
  • the further capacitor can be constructed in the same way as the capacitor and can also be arranged on the further water-impermeable layer in the same way as the capacitor.
  • the sensor system can be particularly easily refined insofar as it is conceivable that, with two sensors forming the capacitor stack, both sensors perform the same tasks, but the individual sensors determine respective measured values which, taken together, conclude a mean value to let.
  • the (relative) humidity of the environment is measured by each of the two sensors, the average humidity value being determined from these two measured values.
  • the same can be done accordingly with the pressure measurement, so that the accuracy of the entire measurement in particular one Combination of measurements of (relative) humidity and the respective pressure can be designed particularly precisely.
  • the water-impermeable layer and / or the further water-impermeable layer at least partially form the dielectric view itself.
  • this dielectric layer itself is formed by the water-impermeable layer and / or the further water-impermeable layer.
  • Such a production of the dielectric layer by the water-impermeable layer (s) therefore forms a particularly simple and cost-effective production method for an inexpensive device.
  • the electrodes, the dielectric layer and the water-impermeable layer (s) can in principle be arranged in relation to one another in such a way that an electrical short circuit is prevented in any case.
  • a maximum thickness of the moisture layer is at least 30% and at most 80% of the maximum thickness of the water-impermeable layer and / or the maximum thickness of the further water-impermeable layer.
  • the present invention relates to a method for measuring pressure and / or humidity, it being particularly noted that all of the features disclosed for the above-described device are also disclosed for the method described here and vice versa.
  • the method for measuring pressure and / or humidity initially comprises a first step by means of which at least one measuring device, in particular according to at least one of the preceding claims, is provided, with at least one sensor for measuring pressure and / or moisture is provided, the sensor having at least one capacitor with at least two electrodes, which are arranged, in particular in a horizontal direction along and on a, in particular flexible, carrier material to one another, with at least one dielectric layer being arranged between the electrodes.
  • At least one electrode and / or the dielectric layer at least in places, at least one, at least partially liquid-permeable and / or liquid-absorbing moisture layer is arranged on a side facing away from the carrier material, with the at least one electrode and / or the dielectric layer between them in a transverse direction the carrier material and the moisture layer are arranged so that a capacitance changes at least partially due to the liquid at least partially hitting the dielectric layer, a processing unit measuring and / or storing this change, so that a capacitive moisture sensor is created.
  • the method described above has the same advantages and advantageous configurations as the device described above.
  • Figures 1 A to 1 C show an embodiment of a measuring device described here and according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 A device according to the invention for measuring pressure and / or humidity is shown in a first exemplary embodiment in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of an exploded view shown in relation to the layer order shown.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device described here.
  • FIG. 1A shows a section of a schematic structure of a measuring device 1000 according to the invention described here.
  • a processing unit 5, which is in data communication with a plurality of sensors 1, can be seen.
  • the processing unit 5 together with the sensors 1 forms a device 100.
  • the humidity and / or pressure values measured by the individual sensors 1 are sent to a central CPU 40 in order to be stored and / or further processed there.
  • a temperature sensor 60 which measures an ambient temperature and / or a temperature of the sensor 1 and forwards it to the processing unit 5 of the device 100 and / or to the central CPU 40.
  • FIG. 1B schematically shows the entire measuring device 1000, with a plurality of sensor groups which are formed by the individual devices 100 for measuring pressure and / or moisture and which each show a processing unit 5. A plurality of sensors 1 is therefore assigned to each processing unit 4.
  • FIG. 1C schematically shows a construction and integration of the measuring device 1000 in a chair, in particular in an office chair.
  • FIG. 2 a device 100 for measuring pressure and / or humidity is shown there.
  • a sensor 1 is shown there as an example, the sensor 1 showing a capacitor stack with a capacitor 20 and a capacitor 30, the individual electrodes 10, 11 of the capacitors 20, 30 being arranged one above the other in the horizontal direction H1, with Alternatively, of course, an arrangement of the individual electrodes 10, 11 of an individual capacitor 20, 30 in the transverse direction Q1 which runs perpendicular to the horizontal direction H1 and thus also runs or can be arranged perpendicular to the main direction of extension of the sensor 1 shown there.
  • the individual electrodes 10, 11 are arranged on a carrier material 13.
  • the Trä germaterial 13 can in particular be a woven fabric, in particular a flexible woven fabric.
  • a water-impermeable layer 4 is arranged on the carrier material 13, the two electrodes 10, 11 of the capacitor 20 being printed on this water-impermeable layer 4 in the horizontal direction H1.
  • the electrodes 10, 11 of the capacitor 20 are completely surrounded by a further water-impermeable layer 14.
  • the further capacitor 30 with corresponding electrodes 10, 11 is printed in the same way.
  • exposed outer surfaces of the individual electrodes 10, 11 of the further capacitor 30 are preferably completely surrounded by a water-permeable and / or water-absorbing moisture layer 3.
  • water can hit a dielectric layer 4, which in the present case is arranged in the horizontal direction H1 between the respective electrodes 10, 11 of a capacitor 20, 30.
  • the water-impermeable layer 4 itself forms a dielectric layer 4 of the capacitor 20.
  • the water-impermeable layer 14 forms a dielectric layer 4 of the capacitor 20.
  • the further water-impermeable layer 14 with regard to the further capacitor 30.
  • the dielectric properties, in particular of the dielectric layer 2 of the further capacitor 30, are changed.
  • a processing unit 5 can be seen, which is in data connection with the two capacitors 20, 30, this processing unit 5 being set up and provided to measure a change in the relative humidity of the environment and / or the humidity layer 3.
  • the processing unit 5 can then compare a change in the capacitance of the further capacitor 30 with the stable capacitor capacitance of the capacitor 20, so that a special This simple comparison can be made in the change in relative humidity and / also in the respective loading pressure.
  • the arrow shown in FIG. 2 also shows a pressure direction in which the sensor 1 is pressurized. Both can preferably be measured, evaluated and stored by the sensor 1 and in particular by the device 100.
  • the processing unit 5, shown as essential in the invention serves in particular, which can also measure and evaluate corresponding pressure values and changes in the capacitance of the individual sensors 1 associated therewith, so that the processing unit 5 is also set up and provided for a through to measure and / or store the change in capacitance of the capacitor 20 and in particular also of the further capacitor 30 caused by external pressure.
  • the moisture layer 3 can be designed to be flexible or not flexible. It is also possible that the moisture layer 3 is designed as a woven fabric. In particular, it can be a woven fabric, which was mentioned as an example in the introductory part of the present application. In addition, however, it is also possible that the moisture layer 3 is a substrate which, for example, has been applied, for example glued, to the further capacitor 30 in the form of an epitaxy or an adhesive process.
  • the water-impermeable layer 14 and / or the water-impermeable layer 15 can also be flexible and inflexible, in particular also in the form of a woven fabric or a substrate in the same way as the moisture layer 3.
  • the electrodes 10, 11 of the two capacitors 20, 30 were printed onto the water-impermeable layer 14 and the further water-impermeable layer 15 in the form of a printing process, for example an inkjet printing process.
  • FIG. 3 An exploded view is shown in FIG. 3, the respective arrangement of the electrodes 10, 11 of the capacitors 20, 30 being evident in particular from FIG.
  • the force acting on the sensor 1, shown by the direction of the arrow, and the moisture acting through the individual, schematically shown drops, can again be seen.
  • the moisture penetrates, in particular, between the electrodes 10, 11 and, for example, has an impact on the respective water-permeable layer 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the sensor 1 can consist of two electrodes 10 and one electrode 11.
  • the electrodes 10 have one polarity (preferably the same polarity), while the electrode 11 has a different polarity, but the exploded view of the left part of FIG. 3 is shown in the lower part of FIG. 3 and it can be seen that three water-impermeable layers 4, 14, 15 can be used.
  • the electrodes 10 can also have different polarities and / or electrical potentials.
  • the electrodes 10 can also be electrically connected to one another.
  • the electrodes 10, 11 can also each have and / or generate a separate polarity and / or a separate electrical potential. The same can also apply to those in the following figures with regard to the electrodes.
  • the lowermost water-impermeable layer is in turn the water-impermeable layer 4, the subsequent water-impermeable layer 14 and the water-impermeable layer 15 arranged thereon in the transverse direction Q1 is another water-impermeable layer, with one electrode in each case being applied to a separate water-impermeable layer in particular is printed.
  • the capacitor 20 shown in the left part of FIG. 4 is therefore produced by merging these layers, the electrodes 10 being removed in the transverse direction Q1, as in the corresponding partial image can be arranged on different levels.
  • the electrode 11 can also be applied together with at least one of the electrodes 10 in a common plane, that is to say on or in a common water-impermeable layer 4, 14, 15, so that, for example, only the second of the electrodes 10 is on one separate water-impermeable layer 4, 14, 15 stacked up who must.
  • the individual electrodes 10, 11 can therefore be arranged in different planes in the Q1 direction to one another. For example, there is a paired assignment between exactly one water-impermeable layer 4, 14, 15 with exactly one electrode 10, 11.
  • the measuring system 1000 according to the invention is shown together with the 2D and / or 3D gesture recognition system 200 according to the invention.
  • the steering wheel 400 within which the device 100 is partially or completely installed can also be seen.
  • the gesture recognition system 200 scans the user's movements in order to enable control gestures to control the vehicle shown in FIG.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de mesure de pression et/ou d'humidité comprenant au moins un dispositif pour mesurer la pression et/ou l'humidité, contenant au moins un capteur pour mesurer la pression et/ou l'humidité, ledit capteur comportant au moins un condensateur doté d'au moins deux électrodes, qui sont disposées l'une par rapport à l'autre, notamment dans une direction horizontale, le long d'un substrat et sur un substrat particulièrement flexible. Au moins une couche diélectrique est disposée entre les électrodes. L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins une couche d'humidité au moins partiellement perméable aux liquides et/ou absorbant les liquides est disposée au moins par endroits sur un côté d'au moins une électrode et/ou de la couche diélectrique opposé au substrat. La ou les électrodes et/ou la couche diélectrique sont ainsi disposées dans une direction transversale entre le substrat et la couche d'humidité. Ainsi, une capacité varie au moins en partie sous l'effet du liquide arrivant au moins partiellement sur la couche diélectrique, une unité de traitement étant conçue et prévue pour mesurer et/ou mémoriser des valeurs de mesure du capteur. On obtient ainsi un capteur d'humidité capacitif. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'unité de traitement envoie les données mesurées par le capteur à une unité centrale de traitement, ces données étant traitées par l'unité de traitement.
PCT/EP2020/058713 2019-03-29 2020-03-27 Système de mesure de pression et/ou d'humidité WO2020201086A1 (fr)

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DE102019108196.3A DE102019108196A1 (de) 2019-03-29 2019-03-29 Messvorrichtung zur Messung von Druck und/oder Feuchtigkeit
DE102019108196.3 2019-03-29

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DE102010053663A1 (de) * 2010-12-07 2011-08-25 Daimler AG, 70327 Lenkradanordnung für einen Kraftwagen und Verfahren zum Ansteuern von Funktionseinheiten des Kraftwagens
DE202015009228U1 (de) * 2015-06-10 2016-12-21 Schmitz Gmbh Erfassungsmodul zur Erfassung eines Fahrzeugidentifikationsmittels eines Fahrzeugs
US20170075481A1 (en) * 2015-09-15 2017-03-16 Touchplus Information Corp. Wearable device exhibiting capacitive sensing function
WO2017122178A1 (fr) * 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology Plateforme électronique à base de papier

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