WO2020200311A1 - 储能箱及其控制方法和储能站 - Google Patents

储能箱及其控制方法和储能站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020200311A1
WO2020200311A1 PCT/CN2020/083244 CN2020083244W WO2020200311A1 WO 2020200311 A1 WO2020200311 A1 WO 2020200311A1 CN 2020083244 W CN2020083244 W CN 2020083244W WO 2020200311 A1 WO2020200311 A1 WO 2020200311A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
energy storage
battery box
storage box
box
ejection mechanism
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PCT/CN2020/083244
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建平
黄春华
Original Assignee
奥动新能源汽车科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020200311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020200311A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of emergency treatment of an energy storage battery box, in particular to an energy storage box, a control method thereof, and an energy storage station.
  • Electrochemical energy storage power stations are dominated by lithium iron phosphate batteries.
  • the current domestic standards for fire protection of electrochemical energy storage power stations are relatively low and cannot meet the needs of the site.
  • the fire extinguishing system used in the project does not have corresponding standard support.
  • the effectiveness of fire suppression measures and fire-fighting measures have not been verified.
  • Energy storage power stations face great safety hazards in the later operation.
  • Fires in electrochemical energy storage power stations can be divided into two categories: one is electrical fires.
  • traditional fire alarm systems and heptafluoropropane fire extinguishers can be effectively extinguished; the other is battery-induced fires, which are dangerous and fire.
  • Uncontrollable, the only effective way to deal with this type of fire is full-cycle monitoring, very early warning, timely warning and intervention in fire fighting measures at the budding stage of fire signs, and abandoning dangerous battery boxes at the moment of danger to ensure that the overall energy storage system is not Affected.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the energy storage box has hidden fire safety hazards in the prior art, and provide an energy storage box, a control method thereof, and an energy storage station.
  • An energy storage box comprising: a housing, a battery box, and an ejection mechanism;
  • the ejection mechanism and the battery box are arranged in the housing;
  • the ejection mechanism is used to eject the battery box from the housing
  • a trigger mechanism is arranged inside the battery box, and the trigger mechanism is used to detect the temperature data of the battery box and activate the ejection mechanism when the temperature data reaches the trigger condition.
  • the ejection mechanism is an airbag device, which can be rapidly expanded to eject the battery box.
  • the housing includes a cover plate and a body, the cover plate is removably covered on the body; the ejection mechanism is provided on one side of the battery box, and the cover plate is opposite to the battery The box is arranged on the opposite side of the ejection mechanism, and the ejection mechanism is used to push the battery box toward the cover plate.
  • the trigger mechanism includes a temperature sensor.
  • the energy storage box further includes a control unit that is electrically connected to the ejection mechanism and the trigger mechanism, and the control unit controls the ejection mechanism according to temperature data detected by the trigger mechanism.
  • the energy storage box further includes a guide mechanism provided inside the housing and used for guiding the battery box to move linearly when the battery box is pushed out.
  • the guide mechanism is a plurality of rollers arranged on both sides of the battery box.
  • the energy storage box further includes a roller device arranged below the battery box and at the bottom of the housing.
  • the cover plate and the body are connected by a bolt structure.
  • a pin hole is provided on the body, a pin shaft is provided on the cover plate, and the pin shaft is detachably inserted into the pin hole.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the pin hole is provided with a first groove
  • the outer circumferential surface of the pin shaft is provided with a second groove
  • the position of the first groove corresponds to the position of the second groove
  • the first groove and the second groove are provided with elastic members.
  • the first groove and the second groove are both annular grooves, and the elastic member is a flat spring ring.
  • the energy storage box further includes a fixing plate, and the airbag device is arranged on the fixing plate and located between the fixing plate and the battery box.
  • an electrical connection interface is provided on the fixing plate, the airbag device is arranged around the electrical connection interface, and the battery box is provided with a quick-plug type electrical connection joint that engages the electrical connection interface.
  • the energy storage box further includes a sliding plate connected to the lower side of the outlet of the housing and arranged outside the housing, and the sliding plate and the bottom plate of the housing form an angle of 10-30 degrees.
  • An energy storage station includes the above-mentioned energy storage box, and a sand pit for fire extinguishing is arranged around the energy storage box.
  • the control method includes the following operations:
  • the trigger mechanism When the trigger mechanism detects that the temperature difference inside the battery box exceeds a first threshold, it sends a first instruction to the ejection mechanism so that the battery box is ejected.
  • the trigger mechanism includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the temperature difference is the difference between the highest value of the detection results of the plurality of temperature sensors and the average value of the detection results of the plurality of temperature sensors.
  • the first threshold is 30 degrees Celsius.
  • the temperature sensor is electrically connected to an alarm system
  • the control method also includes the following operations:
  • the temperature sensor When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature difference inside the battery box exceeds the second threshold or the third threshold, the temperature sensor sends a second instruction to the alarm system, so that the alarm system issues a corresponding warning;
  • Both the second threshold and the third threshold are smaller than the first threshold.
  • the second threshold is 20 degrees Celsius
  • the third threshold is 10 degrees Celsius
  • the alarm system includes a sounding device and/or a display device.
  • the positive improvement effect of the present invention is that when the energy storage box detects that the internal temperature of the battery box is too high and the risk of fire may occur, the ejection mechanism can be activated in time to push the battery box out to protect the energy storage box from being burnt.
  • the control method can protect the energy storage box.
  • the safety level of the energy storage station is improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an energy storage box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a cover plate according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial three-dimensional structure diagram of a body according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a matching structure of a pin shaft and a pin hole according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of an energy storage box according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy storage box 10 includes: a housing 11, a battery box 19, and an ejection mechanism 21.
  • FIG. 1 only two battery boxes 19 are illustrated, but the energy storage box 10 is not limited to this, and it may have tens or hundreds of battery boxes 19.
  • the housing 11 is a semi-closed structure, and the top and side surfaces of the housing 11 are open, so as to facilitate the heat dissipation of the battery box 19 placed in the housing 11.
  • the housing 11 may also be a fully enclosed structure.
  • the ejection mechanism 21 and the battery box 19 are provided in the housing 11.
  • the eject mechanism 21 is used to eject the battery box 19 from the housing 11.
  • the battery box 19 is provided with a trigger mechanism 23 inside.
  • the trigger mechanism 23 is used to detect the temperature data of the battery box 19 and activate the eject mechanism 21 when the temperature data reaches the trigger condition.
  • the ejection mechanism 21 can be activated in time to push the battery box 19 out to protect the energy storage box 10 from being burned, and the energy storage will not be affected.
  • the ejection mechanism 21 is an airbag device, and the airbag device can be rapidly expanded to eject the battery box 19.
  • the airbag device applies the principle of the existing airbag.
  • the inflatable module of the airbag device is triggered.
  • the inflatable module is composed of a gas generating agent such as gasoline or explosives and an ignition device. Since the airbag device is short (about 25-35 milliseconds) from triggering to completion of inflation, the battery box 19 can be pushed out quickly.
  • the airbag of the airbag device may be elongated or spherical, and its inflated volume is preferably not greater than the internal space of the housing 11 accommodating the battery box 19 to avoid squeezing the surrounding battery box 19 or the frame structure.
  • the ejection device may be a spring structure or a gas injection device that can quickly eject the battery box 19 from the housing 11.
  • the housing 11 includes a cover 12 and a body 13, and the cover 12 is removably covered on the body 13.
  • the ejection mechanism 21 is provided on one side of the battery box 19, the cover plate 12 is provided on the opposite side of the ejection mechanism 21 relative to the battery box 19, and the ejection mechanism 21 is used to push the battery box 19 toward the cover plate 12.
  • the force of the ejection mechanism 21 is set to be able to push the battery box 19 to hit the cover plate 12 and be ejected from the housing 11.
  • the cover plate 12 is closed on the main body 13 to house the battery box 19 in the housing 11.
  • the cover plate 12 and the body 13 are connected by a bolt structure.
  • the main body 13 is provided with a pin hole 14, and the cover plate 12 is provided with a pin shaft 16, and the pin shaft 16 is detachably inserted into the pin hole 14.
  • the inner circumferential surface of the pin hole 14 is provided with a first groove 15, and the outer circumferential surface of the pin shaft 16 is provided with a second groove 17.
  • the position of the first groove 15 corresponds to the position of the second groove 17, the first groove 15 and the second groove 17 are provided with elastic members.
  • the first groove 15 and the second groove 17 are both annular grooves, and the elastic member is a flat spring ring 18.
  • the pin shaft 16 When the thrust experienced by the cover plate 12 reaches a predetermined value, the pin shaft 16 will squeeze the flat spring ring 18 to deform it, so that the pin shaft 16 will escape from the pin hole 14. Furthermore, after the pin shaft 16 comes out of the pin hole 14 and the cover plate 12 is opened, the cover plate 12 can be closed again by inserting the pin shaft 16 into the pin hole 14.
  • six pins 16 are provided on the cover plate 12. Alternatively, only 4 or 8 pin shafts 16 may be provided on the cover plate 12, but the number of pins 16 should be at least two, and they should be arranged on the two opposite corners of the cover plate 12 to The cover plate 12 is fixed to the body 13.
  • cover plate 12 and the body 13 can also be connected to each other by other detachable structures.
  • the energy storage box 10 further includes a sliding plate 27, which is connected to the lower side of the outlet of the housing 11 and arranged on the outside of the housing 11, and the sliding plate 27 and the bottom plate of the housing 11 form an angle of 10-30 degrees.
  • the sliding plate 27 can provide guidance and cushioning when the battery box 19 is pushed out.
  • the energy storage box 10 further includes a guide mechanism 24 which is provided inside the housing 11 and is used to guide the battery box 19 to move linearly when the battery box 19 is pushed out.
  • the guide mechanism 24 is a plurality of rollers arranged on both sides of the battery box 19.
  • the friction of the roller is small, which can effectively guide, but it is easy to hinder the battery box 19 from being pushed.
  • the energy storage box 10 also includes a roller device 28 arranged under the battery box 19 and at the bottom of the casing 11.
  • the roller device 28 includes a plurality of rollers arranged in parallel. The roller device 28 is used to reduce the friction force when the battery box 19 slides in the housing 11, and is beneficial to the smooth pushing out of the battery box 19.
  • the energy storage box 10 further includes a fixing plate 25, and the airbag device is arranged on the fixing plate 25 and located between the fixing plate 25 and the battery box 19.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the fixing plate 25 is trapezoidal, which can provide a relatively stable support for the airbag device and bear the reaction force of the airbag device.
  • the fixing plate 25 is provided with an electrical connection interface 26, the airbag device is arranged around the electrical connection interface 26, and the battery box 19 is provided with a quick-plug type electrical connection joint that engages the electrical connection interface 26.
  • the surrounding arrangement of the airbag device can give the battery box 19 a more uniform thrust to prevent the battery box 19 from deviating from the direction when it is pushed out.
  • the quick-plug electrical connection joint can facilitate the quick disconnection of the battery box 19 from the fixing plate 25. This kind of quick-plug electrical connection joint has been widely used in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the trigger mechanism 23 includes a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature sensor is provided inside or outside the battery box 19 for detecting the temperature of the battery box 19.
  • the energy storage box 10 further includes a control unit 22 which is electrically connected to the ejection mechanism 21 and the trigger mechanism 23.
  • the control unit 22 controls the ejection mechanism 21 according to the temperature data detected by the trigger mechanism 23.
  • the control unit 22 may be a PLC or a processing chip or the like provided inside the housing 11 and having signal transmission and reception functions and data processing functions, or may also be a data processing device such as a PC provided outside the housing 11.
  • the electrical connection can be a wireless signal connection or a wired signal connection.
  • This embodiment also provides an energy storage station.
  • the energy storage station includes an energy storage box 10 as described above, and a sand pit for fire extinguishing is arranged around the energy storage box 10.
  • a sand pit for fire extinguishing is arranged around the energy storage box 10.
  • This embodiment also provides a control method, which is used to protect the energy storage box 10 as described above.
  • the control method includes the following operations:
  • the trigger mechanism 23 When the trigger mechanism 23 detects that the temperature difference inside the battery box 19 exceeds the first threshold, it sends a first instruction to the ejection mechanism 21 so that the battery box 19 is ejected.
  • the trigger mechanism 23 includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the temperature difference is the difference between the highest value among the detection results of the plurality of temperature sensors and the average value of the detection results of the plurality of temperature sensors.
  • the fire of the battery box 19 is usually due to the inability to dissipate the heat uniformly, resulting in excessive local temperature and triggering a flame. In this way, through the detection of multiple temperature sensors distributed inside or outside the battery box 19, it can be found that the local temperature of the battery box 19 is too high in time. It has caused a fire, and the battery box 19 is pushed out to prevent the energy storage box 10 from being burned.
  • the first threshold is 30 degrees Celsius.
  • the temperature sensor is electrically connected to an alarm system.
  • the control method also includes the following operations:
  • the temperature sensor When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature difference inside the battery box 19 exceeds the second threshold or the third threshold, the temperature sensor sends a second instruction to the alarm system, so that the alarm system issues a corresponding warning.
  • Both the second threshold and the third threshold are smaller than the first threshold.
  • the second threshold is 20 degrees Celsius
  • the third threshold is 10 degrees Celsius
  • a first-level plan will be carried out, and the station will give an alarm. Manual inspection and intervention are required, and the station will be prepared for fire protection.
  • the station When the temperature difference exceeds the second threshold, the station will give a red alarm and manually participate in the inspection and maintenance of the battery box 19 being removed from the box.
  • the alarm system includes a sounding device and/or a display device. After seeing or hearing the alarm, the staff will adopt corresponding plans to check and repair the energy storage box 10.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种储能箱及其控制方法和储能站。该储能箱包括：外壳、电池箱、弹出机构；所述弹出机构和电池箱设于所述外壳内；所述弹出机构用于将所述电池箱弹出所述外壳；所述电池箱的内部设有触发机构，所述触发机构用于检测电池箱的温度数据，并在温度数据达到触发条件后启动弹出机构。所述储能站包括如上所述的储能箱，所述储能箱的周围设有灭火用的沙坑。所述控制方法用于保护如上所述的储能箱。该储能箱在检测到电池箱内部温度过高可能发生起火风险时，可以及时启用弹出机构将电池箱推出从而保护储能箱不被烧毁。该控制方法可以保护该储能箱。该储能站的安全等级提升。

Description

储能箱及其控制方法和储能站
本申请要求申请日为2019年4月3日的中国专利申请2019102645719的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及储能电池箱应急处理领域，特别涉及一种储能箱及其控制方法和储能站。
背景技术
近年来，各种电化学储能项目如雨后春笋一般涌现，遍布在用户侧、电网侧、发电侧、新能源并网及微电网等各个领域。随着电网侧磷酸铁锂电池储能电站的规模化应用，国内外均有个别储能电站出现着火、爆炸事故的案例，如何保证磷酸铁锂电池储能电站的消防安全成为其发展的第一要务。
电化学储能电站以磷酸铁锂电池为主，但目前国内针对电化学储能电站消防方面的规范标准要求较低，且不能满足现场需求，工程中应用的灭火系统没有相应标准支撑，灭火剂和灭火措施的有效性均未得到验证，储能电站在后期的运营中，面临很大的安全隐患
依照锂离子电池热失控模型和电解液漏液火灾特性技术路线，遵循消防行业国家标准和汽车电子标准，针对储能大电量应用场景监测预警进行研发，制定了完善的储能站电池生命周期预警和智慧消防解决方案，解决储能站的安全隐患。
要对症解决这个问题，需要针对磷酸铁锂电池储能电站的消防安全进行系统性深入性的研究。电化学储能电站的火灾可以分为两类：一类是电气引发的火灾，针对此类火灾，传统的火警系统及七氟丙烷灭火器可以有效扑灭；另一类是电池引发的火灾，危害大且火势不可控，针对此类火灾，唯一有效 的办法，就是全周期监测、极早期预警，在火灾征兆发生的萌芽阶段及时预警并介入消防措施，到达危及时刻放弃危险电池箱，保证整体储能系统不受影响。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是为了克服现有技术中储能箱存在消防安全隐患的缺陷，提供一种储能箱及其控制方法和储能站。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来解决上述技术问题：
一种储能箱，所述储能箱包括：外壳、电池箱、弹出机构；
所述弹出机构和电池箱设于所述外壳内；
所述弹出机构用于将所述电池箱弹出所述外壳；
所述电池箱的内部设有触发机构，所述触发机构用于检测电池箱的温度数据，并在温度数据达到触发条件后启动弹出机构。
优选地，所述弹出机构为气囊装置，所述气囊装置能够迅速膨胀以弹出所述电池箱。
优选地，所述外壳包括盖板和本体，所述盖板可移除地盖合于所述本体；所述弹出机构设于所述电池箱的一侧，所述盖板相对于所述电池箱设于所述弹出机构的相反侧，所述弹出机构用于朝向所述盖板推动所述电池箱。
优选地，所述触发机构包括温度传感器。
优选地，所述储能箱还包括控制单元，所述控制单元电连接于所述弹出机构和所述触发机构，所述控制单元根据所述触发机构检测的温度数据控制所述弹出机构。
优选地，所述储能箱还包括导向机构，所述导向机构设于所述外壳内部，并用于在所述电池箱被推出时引导所述电池箱直线运动。
优选地，所述导向机构为设于所述电池箱两侧的多个滚轮。
优选地，所述储能箱还包括设于所述电池箱下方、所述外壳的底部的辊 子装置。
优选地，所述盖板与所述本体通过插销结构连接。
优选地，所述本体上设有销孔，所述盖板上设有销轴，所述销轴可拆卸地插设于所述销孔中。
优选地，所述销孔的内周表面设有第一凹槽，所述销轴的外周表面设有第二凹槽，所述第一凹槽的位置与所述第二凹槽的位置对应，所述第一凹槽和第二凹槽内卡设有弹性件。
优选地，所述第一凹槽和第二凹槽均为环形凹槽，所述弹性件为扁簧圈。
优选地，所述储能箱还包括固定板，所述气囊装置设于固定板上并位于所述固定板和所述电池箱之间。
优选地，所述固定板上设有电连接接口，所述气囊装置环设于所述电连接接口，所述电池箱设有接合所述电连接接口的快插式电连接接头。
优选地，所述储能箱还包括滑板，所述滑板连接于所述外壳的出口的下侧并设于所述外壳的外部，所述滑板与所述外壳的底板形成10-30度角。
一种储能站，所述储能站包括如上所述的储能箱，所述储能箱的周围设有灭火用的沙坑。
一种控制方法，所述控制方法用于保护如上所述的储能箱；
所述控制方法包括如下操作：
所述触发机构检测到电池箱内部的温度差异超过第一阈值时，向所述弹出机构发出第一指令，以使得所述电池箱被弹出。
优选地，所述触发机构包括多个温度传感器，所述温度差异为多个温度传感器的检测结果中的最高值相对于多个温度传感器的检测结果的平均值的差值。
优选地，所述第一阈值为30摄氏度。
优选地，所述温度传感器电连接于一报警系统；
所述控制方法还包括如下操作：
所述温度传感器检测到电池箱内部的温度差异超过第二阈值或第三阈值时，所述温度传感器向所述报警系统发出第二指令，以使得所述报警系统发出相应的警示；
所述第二阈值和第三阈值均小于所述第一阈值。
优选地，所述第二阈值为20摄氏度，所述第三阈值为10摄氏度；
和/或，所述报警系统包括发声装置和/或显示装置。
本发明的积极进步效果在于：该储能箱在检测到电池箱内部温度过高可能发生起火风险时，可以及时启用弹出机构将电池箱推出从而保护储能箱不被烧毁。该控制方法可以保护该储能箱。该储能站的安全等级提升。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的优选实施例的储能箱的立体结构示意图。
图2为根据本发明的优选实施例的盖板的立体结构示意图。
图3为根据本发明的优选实施例的本体的部分立体结构示意图。
图4为根据本发明的优选实施例的销轴与销孔的配合结构的示意图。
图5为根据本发明的优选实施例的储能箱的模块结构示意图。
附图标记说明：储能箱10；外壳11；盖板12；本体13；销孔14；第一凹槽15；销轴16；第二凹槽17；扁簧圈18；电池箱19；弹出机构21；控制单元22；触发机构23；导向机构24；固定板25；电连接接口26；滑板27；辊子装置28。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，通过实施例的方式进一步说明本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在下述的实施例范围之中。
如图1所示，储能箱10包括：外壳11、电池箱19、弹出机构21。
在图1中，仅示意了两个电池箱19，但是储能箱10并不仅限于此，其可以具有几十或上百电池箱19。
在本实施例中，外壳11为半封闭式结构，外壳11的顶面和侧面均敞开，以利于放置于外壳11中的电池箱19的散热。在其他实施例中，外壳11也可以是全封闭结构。
弹出机构21和电池箱19设于外壳11内。弹出机构21用于将电池箱19弹出外壳11。
电池箱19的内部设有触发机构23，触发机构23用于检测电池箱19的温度数据，并在温度数据达到触发条件后启动弹出机构21。
该储能箱10在检测到电池箱19内部温度过高可能发生起火风险时，可以及时启用弹出机构21将电池箱19推出从而保护储能箱10不被烧毁，并且也不会殃及储能箱10中的其他电池箱19。
在本实施例中，弹出机构21为气囊装置，气囊装置能够迅速膨胀以弹出电池箱19。该气囊装置应用现有的安全气囊的原理，在接收到触发信号后，触发气囊装置的充气模块，该充气模块通过由汽油或炸药等气体发生剂配合点火装置组成。由于气囊装置由触发至完成充气过程很短(约25-35毫秒)，可迅速地将电池箱19推出。气囊装置的气囊可以是长条形或球形，其充气后的体积优选不大于容纳电池箱19的外壳11的内部空间以免对周围的电池箱19或框架结构造成挤压。
在其他实施例中，弹出装置可以是能够将电池箱19迅速弹出外壳11的弹簧结构或气体喷射装置等其他装置。
如图2-4所示，外壳11包括盖板12和本体13，盖板12可移除地盖合于本体13。弹出机构21设于电池箱19的一侧，盖板12相对于电池箱19设于弹出机构21的相反侧，弹出机构21用于朝向盖板12推动电池箱19。弹出机构21的作用力设置成能够推动电池箱19撞开盖板12而被弹出外壳11。在储能箱10正常工作时，盖板12盖合于本体13，以将电池箱19收纳于外壳11内部。
盖板12与本体13通过插销结构连接。本体13上设有销孔14，盖板12上设有销轴16，销轴16可拆卸地插设于销孔14中。销孔14的内周表面设有第一凹槽15，销轴16的外周表面设有第二凹槽17，第一凹槽15的位置与第二凹槽17的位置对应，第一凹槽15和第二凹槽17内卡设有弹性件。
第一凹槽15和第二凹槽17均为环形凹槽，弹性件为扁簧圈18。
当盖板12遭受的推力到达预定值时，销轴16会挤压扁簧圈18使其变形，从而销轴16从销孔14中脱出。而且在销轴16脱出销孔14，盖板12被打开后，可以通过将销轴16插入销孔14而将盖板12再度盖合。在本实施例中，盖板12上设有6个销轴16。可选择地，也可以仅在盖板12上设有4个或8个销轴16，但是销轴16的设置数量至少应为2个，且设置于盖板12的两个对角，以将盖板12固定于本体13。
在其他实施例中，盖板12和本体13也可采用其他可拆卸结构相互连接。
储能箱10还包括滑板27，滑板27连接于外壳11的出口的下侧并设于外壳11的外部，滑板27与外壳11的底板形成10-30度角。该滑板27可以在电池箱19被推出时提供引导和缓冲。
储能箱10还包括导向机构24，导向机构24设于外壳11内部，并用于在电池箱19被推出时引导电池箱19直线运动。
在本实施例中，导向机构24为设于电池箱19两侧的多个滚轮。滚轮的摩擦力较小，可以有效引导，但是又容易阻碍电池箱19被推动。
储能箱10还包括设于电池箱19下方、外壳11的底部的辊子装置28。该辊子装置28包括平行设置的多个滚筒。该辊子装置28用于减少电池箱19在外壳11内滑动时的摩擦力，有利于电池箱19被顺利推出。
储能箱10还包括固定板25，气囊装置设于固定板25上并位于固定板25和电池箱19之间。该固定板25的截面形状为梯形，这样可以给气囊装置提供一较为稳固的支撑，并承受气囊装置的反作用力。
固定板25上设有电连接接口26，气囊装置环设于电连接接口26，电池箱19设有接合电连接接口26的快插式电连接接头。气囊装置环设可以给电池箱19较为均匀的推力，以免电池箱19被推出时偏离方向。快插式电连接接头可以方便电池箱19快速与固定板25脱离接合。这种快插式电连接接头在现有技术中已经有广泛的应用，在此不再赘述。
触发机构23包括温度传感器。温度传感器设于电池箱19的内部或外部，用于检测电池箱19的温度。
如图5所示，储能箱10还包括控制单元22，控制单元22电连接于弹出机构21和触发机构23，控制单元22根据触发机构23检测的温度数据控制弹出机构21。控制单元22可以是设于外壳11内部，具有收发信号功能和数据处理功能的PLC或处理芯片等，或者也可以是设于外壳11外部的PC等数据处理设备。电连接可以是无线信号连接，也可以有线信号连接。
本实施例还提供一种储能站。储能站包括如上的储能箱10，储能箱10的周围设有灭火用的沙坑。当电池箱19被弹出储能箱10之后，落入沙坑中，电池箱19的火苗可以被迅速扑灭。
本实施例还提供一种控制方法，控制方法用于保护如上的储能箱10。
控制方法包括如下操作：
触发机构23检测到电池箱19内部的温度差异超过第一阈值时，向弹出机构21发出第一指令，以使得电池箱19被弹出。
触发机构23包括多个温度传感器，温度差异为多个温度传感器的检测结果中的最高值相对于多个温度传感器的检测结果的平均值的差值。
电池箱19着火通常是因为不能均匀散热，导致局部温度过高，引发火苗，这样，通过电池箱19内部或外部分布的多个温度传感器的检测，可以及时发现电池箱19局部温度过高，可能已经导致着火，从而将电池箱19推出，防止储能箱10被烧毁。
第一阈值为30摄氏度。
温度传感器电连接于一报警系统。
控制方法还包括如下操作：
温度传感器检测到电池箱19内部的温度差异超过第二阈值或第三阈值时，温度传感器向报警系统发出第二指令，以使得报警系统发出相应的警示。
第二阈值和第三阈值均小于第一阈值。
温度差异超过第二阈值或第三阈值时，一般还未导致着火，但是已经有局部过热的现象，因此需要及时通知工作人员(站务)排查检修。
第二阈值为20摄氏度，第三阈值为10摄氏度。
温度差异超过第三阈值时，进行一级预案，站务报警，需人工检查干预，站务消防准备。
温度差异超过第二阈值时，站务红色警报，人工参与电池箱19脱离开箱检查维修。
报警系统包括发声装置和/或显示装置。工作人员看到或听到报警后，采取相应预案，对储能箱10进行排查检修。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制，除非文中另有说明。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这仅是举例说明，本发明的保护范围是由所附权利要求书限定的。本领域的技术人员在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式作出多种变更或修改，但这些变更和修改均落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种储能箱，其特征在于，所述储能箱包括：外壳、电池箱、弹出机构；
    所述弹出机构和电池箱设于所述外壳内；
    所述弹出机构用于将所述电池箱弹出所述外壳；
    所述电池箱的内部设有触发机构，所述触发机构用于检测电池箱的温度数据，并在温度数据达到触发条件后启动弹出机构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述弹出机构为气囊装置，所述气囊装置能够迅速膨胀以弹出所述电池箱。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述外壳包括盖板和本体，所述盖板可移除地盖合于所述本体；所述弹出机构设于所述电池箱的一侧，所述盖板相对于所述电池箱设于所述弹出机构的相反侧，所述弹出机构用于朝向所述盖板推动所述电池箱。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的储能箱，其特征在于，
    所述储能箱还包括控制单元，所述控制单元电连接于所述弹出机构和所述触发机构，所述控制单元根据所述触发机构检测的温度数据控制所述弹出机构；
    和/或，
    所述储能箱还包括导向机构，所述导向机构设于所述外壳内部，并用于在所述电池箱被推出时引导所述电池箱直线运动；
    和/或，
    所述储能箱还包括设于所述电池箱下方、所述外壳的底部的辊子装置。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述盖板与所述本体通过插销结构连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述本体上设有销孔，所 述盖板上设有销轴，所述销轴可拆卸地插设于所述销孔中。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述销孔的内周表面设有第一凹槽，所述销轴的外周表面设有第二凹槽，所述第一凹槽的位置与所述第二凹槽的位置对应，所述第一凹槽和第二凹槽内卡设有弹性件。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述第一凹槽和第二凹槽均为环形凹槽，所述弹性件为扁簧圈。
  9. 如权利要求2所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述储能箱还包括固定板，所述气囊装置设于固定板上并位于所述固定板和所述电池箱之间；所述固定板上设有电连接接口，所述气囊装置环设于所述电连接接口，所述电池箱设有接合所述电连接接口的快插式电连接接头。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的储能箱，其特征在于，所述储能箱还包括滑板，所述滑板连接于所述外壳的出口的下侧并设于所述外壳的外部，所述滑板与所述外壳的底板形成10-30度角。
  11. 一种储能站，其特征在于，所述储能站包括如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的储能箱，所述储能箱的周围设有灭火用的沙坑。
  12. 一种控制方法，其特征在于，所述控制方法用于保护如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的储能箱；
    所述控制方法包括如下操作：
    所述触发机构检测到电池箱内部的温度差异超过第一阈值时，向所述弹出机构发出第一指令，以使得所述电池箱被弹出。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述触发机构包括多个温度传感器，所述温度差异为多个温度传感器的检测结果中的最高值相对于多个温度传感器的检测结果的平均值的差值。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的控制方法，其特征在于，所述温度传感器电连接于一报警系统；
    所述控制方法还包括如下操作：
    所述温度传感器检测到电池箱内部的温度差异超过第二阈值或第三阈值时，所述温度传感器向所述报警系统发出第二指令，以使得所述报警系统发出相应的警示；
    所述第二阈值和第三阈值均小于所述第一阈值。
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