WO2020199378A1 - Avoidance system and method for cask effect of battery pack - Google Patents

Avoidance system and method for cask effect of battery pack Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020199378A1
WO2020199378A1 PCT/CN2019/092813 CN2019092813W WO2020199378A1 WO 2020199378 A1 WO2020199378 A1 WO 2020199378A1 CN 2019092813 W CN2019092813 W CN 2019092813W WO 2020199378 A1 WO2020199378 A1 WO 2020199378A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
short
module
control signal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/092813
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
毛广甫
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深圳市瑞能实业股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020199378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020199378A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the solution belongs to the technical field of battery management, and particularly relates to a system and method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack.
  • the current power battery packs for electric vehicles are used in series with multiple large-capacity batteries.
  • the other batteries in the battery pack in order to achieve the purpose of protecting the batteries, when a single cell in the battery pack is discharged to the cut-off voltage, the other batteries in the battery pack must stop discharging, but at this time, the battery pack Part of the batteries are still in a state where they can be discharged, which leads to the problem that the energy of the entire group of batteries cannot be fully utilized; similarly, the above problems also exist during charging. This is the "short board effect" that exists in the battery pack during charging and discharging.
  • the traditional battery management technology to solve the short-board effect of the battery pack is to use a battery equalizer.
  • the battery equalizer can only solve the problem of the inconsistency of the individual battery capacities of the battery pack after long-term use, that is, it can only perform independent equalization operations on the battery pack with short-board batteries, so that all the batteries in the battery pack have the same performance. To eliminate the short board effect.
  • the embodiment of this solution provides a system and method for avoiding the short-board effect of battery packs, aiming to solve the problem of the traditional battery management technical solutions that cannot be used in actual battery packs. Under the circumstances, avoid the problem of short board effect.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides an evasion system for the short-board effect of a battery pack, the battery pack includes a plurality of electrically connected single cells, and the evasion system includes:
  • Main control module information acquisition module, bidirectional DC conversion module and power supply module;
  • the power supply module is connected to the battery pack and is used to provide a direct current signal
  • the information collection module is connected to a plurality of the single cells and the main control module, and is configured to collect parameter information of the plurality of single cells and feed back the parameter information to the main control module;
  • the main control module is connected to the two-way direct current conversion module, and is used to determine the short-board battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-board battery When the battery is fully charged, output a first control signal, or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
  • the two-way direct current conversion module is connected to the power supply module and the battery pack, and is used to control the short plate battery to discharge separately when the first control signal is received, so that the battery pack is maintained as a whole
  • the second aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides a method for circumventing the short-board effect of a battery pack.
  • the battery pack includes a plurality of electrically connected single cells, and the circumvention method includes:
  • the main control module is used to receive and determine the short-plate battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and output a first control signal when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged , Or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
  • the bidirectional DC conversion module When receiving the first control signal, the bidirectional DC conversion module is used to control the short-plate battery to discharge independently so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a charged state, or when the second control signal is received, control The short plate battery is individually charged, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a discharged state.
  • the above-mentioned system and method for avoiding the short board effect of the battery pack collects the parameter information of the single battery through the information acquisition module and feeds it back.
  • the main control module analyzes the parameter information and determines the short board battery, and when the battery pack is in In the charging state and when the short-board battery is fully charged, the first control signal is output to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to discharge the short-board battery separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains the charging state, avoiding the short-board The battery is fully charged and the entire battery pack stops charging.
  • the main control module When the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-board battery is fully discharged, the main control module outputs a second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module to control the bidirectional DC conversion module to the short-board battery Charging is performed separately, so that the entire battery pack maintains a discharged state, which avoids the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery.
  • the short board battery is controlled to take power from the power module or discharge the power module separately, so that during the charging and discharging process, the charging and discharging state of the battery pack is not affected by the short board battery, and the battery pack as a whole can Achieve full charge and full discharge, thereby avoiding the short-board effect during the charging and discharging process, improving the endurance of the battery pack, making it convenient for users to use, and avoiding damage to the battery pack due to overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery. Lead to safety accidents, improve the reliability of the battery pack, and extend the service life of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a system for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the solution;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure between the bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery in the evasion system shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bidirectional DC conversion unit in the evasion system shown in Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the solution.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a module structure for a battery pack short-board effect avoidance system provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the solution; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:
  • a system for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack wherein the battery pack 100 includes a plurality of single cells, which are connected in series, and the system for avoiding the short-board effect of the battery pack includes a main control module 10.
  • the information collection module 20, the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the power supply module 40 includes a main control module 10.
  • the power module 40 is connected to the battery pack 100 for providing a direct current signal.
  • the power module 40 is a DC bus
  • the battery pack 100 is connected to the DC bus.
  • the DC bus provides a DC signal to the battery pack 100; when the battery pack 100 is in a discharging state, the battery pack 100 is The DC bus is discharged.
  • the information collection module 20 is connected with multiple single batteries and the main control module 10, and is used to collect parameter information of the multiple single batteries and feed the parameter information back to the main control module 10.
  • the aforementioned parameter information includes any one or more of charging voltage, charging current, discharging voltage, discharging current, and battery capacity.
  • the main control module 10 periodically tests each single cell in the battery pack 100, that is, controls the battery pack 100 to perform one or more charge and discharge cycles, and pass the information acquisition module during the one or more charge and discharge cycles. 20 obtains the parameter information of each single battery, so that the main control module 10 analyzes, according to the parameter information, that the three single batteries ranked in descending order of battery capacity among the multiple single batteries are short-plate batteries.
  • the cycle for the main control module 10 to test the battery pack 100 can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, it can be set to test every two months, every two weeks, or every two days to update the cells in the battery pack 100 regularly.
  • the parameter information of the battery prevents the evasion system from being unable to accurately locate the short plate battery due to the fact that the parameter information of the short-plate battery or other single battery has not been tested after the battery pack 100 is used for a long time, ensuring the reliability of the evasion system Sex and accuracy.
  • the main control module 10 may determine that one or more of the plurality of single cells in the order of the battery capacity in descending order is a short-plate battery.
  • the number of short-board batteries out depends on actual needs.
  • the main control module 10 is connected to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and is used to determine the short-plate battery among the multiple single batteries according to the parameter information, and output the first control when the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged Signal, or output the second control signal when the battery pack 100 is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged.
  • the short-plate battery includes three single cells in the battery pack 100 whose battery capacity is ranked in descending order.
  • Both the first control signal and the second control signal are pulse width modulation signals.
  • the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 is connected to the power supply module 40 and the battery pack 100, and is used to control the short-board battery to discharge separately when the first control signal is received, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains a charged state, or when the first control signal is received In the second control signal, the short-plate battery is controlled to be charged separately, so that the entire battery pack 100 maintains a discharged state.
  • the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and one or more of the short-plate batteries are fully charged, it outputs the first control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 receives the first control signal. After a control signal, it changes the on and off state of each switch tube within itself, thereby controlling one or more fully charged short-plate batteries to discharge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops charging due to the short-plate battery being fully charged, and the short-plate battery is overcharged, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack 100, damage the battery pack 100, and even cause safety accidents.
  • the main control module 10 When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and one or more of the short-plate batteries have been completely discharged, it outputs a second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 receives the second control signal Afterwards, change the on and off states of each switch within itself, thereby controlling one or more short-board batteries that have been discharged to charge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops discharging due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery, improves the endurance of the battery pack 100, and prevents the short-board battery from being over-discharged, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack 100 and destroy the battery pack 100 , And even cause a safety accident.
  • the main control module 10 is implemented by a central controller.
  • This embodiment provides a system for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack.
  • the information collection module 20 collects and feeds back the parameter information of the single battery.
  • the main control module 10 analyzes the parameter information and determines the short-board battery, and then When the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and the short-plate battery is fully charged, the first control signal is output to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 to control the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 to discharge the short-plate battery individually, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains charging
  • the main control module 10 outputs the second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 when the battery pack 100 is in a discharged state and the short board battery is fully discharged.
  • the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains a discharged state, which prevents the entire battery pack 100 from stopping discharging due to the complete discharge of the short-plate batteries. Therefore, during the charging and discharging process, the short-plate battery is controlled to take power from the power module 40 or discharge the power module 40, so that the charging and discharging state of the battery pack 100 is not affected by the short-plate battery, and the battery pack as a whole can be fully charged And complete discharge, thereby improving the endurance of the battery pack 100, making it convenient for users to use, and avoiding damage to the battery pack 100 or causing safety accidents due to overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery, and improving the reliability of the battery pack 100 , Extend the service life of the battery pack 100.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure between the bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery in the evasion system shown in FIG. 1; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are detailed as follows:
  • the aforementioned bidirectional DC conversion module 30 includes a plurality of bidirectional DC conversion units.
  • the number of bidirectional DC conversion units is the same as the number of single cells in the battery pack 100, and the bidirectional DC conversion units are connected to the single cells in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the first bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 1
  • the second bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 2
  • the third bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 3, and so on.
  • Each bidirectional DC conversion unit is controlled to charge or discharge the corresponding single battery.
  • the main control module 10 When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 are fully charged, it outputs the first control signal to the first bidirectional DC conversion unit and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit.
  • the DC conversion unit and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit change the on and off states of each switch tube within themselves, thereby respectively controlling the fully charged single battery 1 and the single battery 2 to discharge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops charging due to the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 being fully charged, so that the battery pack 100 is not fully charged, and the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 are overcharged and shortened.
  • the service life of the battery pack 100 destroys the battery pack 100 and even causes a safety accident.
  • the main control module 10 When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a discharging state and the single battery 2 has been completely discharged, it outputs a second control signal to the second bidirectional DC conversion unit, and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit changes the conduction of each internal switch tube. And the off state, thereby controlling the fully discharged single battery 2 to charge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops discharging due to the complete discharge of the single battery 2, which prolongs the discharge time of the battery pack 100, improves the endurance of the battery pack 100, and avoids the over-discharge of the single battery 2 causing shortening The service life of the battery pack 100 destroys the battery pack 100 and even causes a safety accident.
  • the battery pack 100 when the battery pack 100 is charged, when the short-plate battery is fully charged, it is discharged through the bidirectional DC unit connected to it, and it is also charged together with other single cells in the battery pack 100, thereby Avoid the short board effect of the battery pack during the charging process.
  • the power released by the short-board battery flows into the power module from the bidirectional DC conversion unit, and the power module recharges this part of the power to the battery pack 100, thereby avoiding waste.
  • the battery pack 100 When the battery pack 100 is discharged, when the short-plate battery is completely discharged, it is charged through the bidirectional DC unit connected to it, and at the same time it is discharged together with the other single cells in the battery pack 100, thereby preventing the battery pack from being discharged A short board effect appeared in the process.
  • the power charged by the short plate battery is taken from the power released by the battery pack 100.
  • each bidirectional DC conversion unit to respectively connect and control each single battery
  • each bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery pack 100 connected to it form a relatively independent system, which can be efficiently and accurately Control the charging and discharging status of the short board battery.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the bidirectional DC conversion unit in the evasion system shown in FIG. 2; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:
  • the above-mentioned bidirectional DC conversion unit includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a second switching tube.
  • the source of the first switching tube Q1, the drain of the second switching tube Q2, and the first end of the inductor L2 are connected in common, and the second end of the inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the primary coil of the transformer T1;
  • the first terminal of C1 is connected to the drain of the first switch tube Q1, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, and the second terminal of the primary coil are commonly connected, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 Terminal is connected to the source of the second switching tube Q2;
  • the first terminal of the first secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the drain of the third switching tube Q3, the source of the third switching tube Q3, and the source of the fourth switching tube Q4
  • the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected in common;
  • the drain of the fourth switch tube Q4 is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil of the transformer T1; the second end of the first secondary coil and the second end of the second secondary coil The second end and the second end of the third capacitor C
  • the drain of the first switching tube Q1 and the source of the second switching tube Q2 are connected to the power supply module 40, the first end and the second end of the third capacitor C3 are connected to the single battery, the gate of the first switching tube Q1, the second The gate of the switching tube Q2, the gate of the third switching tube Q3, and the gate of the fourth switching tube Q4 are connected to the main control module 10.
  • the main control module 10 outputs the first control signal or the second control signal to the gate of the first switching tube Q1, the gate of the second switching tube Q2, the gate of the third switching tube Q3, and the fourth switching tube Q4. One or more poles in the gate.
  • the two-way DC conversion unit When any one of the two-way DC conversion units receives the first control signal, the two-way DC conversion unit turns off the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4, and turns on the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3.
  • the single battery connected to the bidirectional DC conversion unit discharges to the power supply module 40 through the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3, which prevents the entire battery pack from stopping charging because the single battery is fully charged before other single batteries , The battery pack is not fully charged, and avoids overcharging the single battery, which can shorten the service life of the battery pack, destroy the battery pack, and even cause safety accidents.
  • the two-way DC conversion unit When any one of the two-way DC conversion units receives the second control signal, the two-way DC conversion unit turns off the second switch tube Q2 and the third switch tube Q3, turns on the first switch tube Q1 and the fourth switch tube Q4, and The single battery connected to the two-way DC conversion unit is charged through the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4, which avoids the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the single battery before the other single batteries, which extends The discharge time of the battery pack improves the endurance of the battery pack, and avoids the over-discharge of the single battery, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack, destroy the battery pack, and even cause safety accidents.
  • first switching tube Q1, second switching tube Q2, third switching tube Q3, and fourth switching tube Q4 are all implemented by using NPN type field effect transistors.
  • FIG. 4 is a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the solution. For ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are detailed as follows:
  • the second aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack, including:
  • S02 Use the information collection module 20 to collect parameter information of multiple single batteries and give feedback
  • the main control module 10 is used to receive and determine the short-plate battery of the multiple single batteries according to the parameter information, and when the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged, output the first control signal, or when the battery When the group 100 is in a discharging state and the short-plate battery is fully discharged, the second control signal is output; the short-plate battery includes the three single cells in the battery pack 100 with battery capacity in descending order;
  • the two-way DC conversion module 30 When the two-way DC conversion module 30 receives the first control signal, it controls the short-board battery to discharge separately, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains the charged state, or when the second control signal is received, the short-board battery is controlled to be individually discharged The charging is performed so that the entire battery pack 100 maintains a discharged state.
  • the system and method for avoiding the short-board effect of battery packs collects and feeds back the parameter information of the single battery through the information collection module.
  • the main control module analyzes the parameter information and determines the short-board When the battery pack is in the charging state and the short-board battery is fully charged, output the first control signal to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to discharge the short-board battery separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains charging
  • the main control module outputs the second control signal to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to prevent the entire battery pack from stopping charging due to the full charge of the short-board battery.
  • the DC conversion module individually charges the short-board battery, so that the battery pack is maintained in a discharged state as a whole, which prevents the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery.
  • the short-board battery is controlled to take power from the power module or discharge the power module separately, so that the charging and discharging state of the battery pack is not affected by the short-board battery, so that the battery with the short-board battery
  • the battery pack avoids the short-board effect during the charging and discharging process, improves the battery life, is convenient for users, and avoids the battery pack damage or safety accident caused by overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery, and improves the battery
  • the reliability of the battery pack extends the service life of the battery pack.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

An avoidance system and method for a cask effect of a battery pack. The battery pack comprises multiple battery cells that are electrically connected; the avoidance system comprises a main control module, an information acquisition module, a bidirectional direct current conversion module, and a power supply module. The power supply module provides a direct current signal; the information acquisition module acquires parameter information of the battery cell and feeds back the parameter information to the main control module; the main control module determines a cask battery after analyzing the parameter information, outputs a first control signal when the battery pack is in a charging state and the cask battery is fully charged, and outputs a second control signal when the battery pack is in a discharging state and the cask battery is fully discharged; and the bidirectional direct current conversion module discharges the cask battery when receiving the first control signal and charges the cask battery when receiving the second control signal. The avoidance system controls, by means of the main control module, the bidirectional direct current conversion module to correspondingly charge/discharge the cask battery, so that the whole charging/discharging of the battery pack is not influenced, and the battery life of the battery pack is prolonged.

Description

一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统及方法System and method for avoiding short board effect of battery pack 技术领域Technical field
本方案属于电池管理技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统及方法。The solution belongs to the technical field of battery management, and particularly relates to a system and method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack.
背景技术Background technique
当前电动汽车用动力电池组都是多节大容量电池串联使用。电池在串联使用的过程中，为了达到保护电池的目的，当电池组中某一节单体电池放电到截止电压时，电池组中的其他电池就必须停止放电，但此时电池组中的大部分电池还处于有电可放的状态，如此一来便导致了整组电池的能量不能得到充分利用的问题；同理，在充电时也存在上述问题。这便是电池组在充放电过程中存在的“短板效应”。The current power battery packs for electric vehicles are used in series with multiple large-capacity batteries. In the process of using batteries in series, in order to achieve the purpose of protecting the batteries, when a single cell in the battery pack is discharged to the cut-off voltage, the other batteries in the battery pack must stop discharging, but at this time, the battery pack Part of the batteries are still in a state where they can be discharged, which leads to the problem that the energy of the entire group of batteries cannot be fully utilized; similarly, the above problems also exist during charging. This is the "short board effect" that exists in the battery pack during charging and discharging.
目前，传统的电池管理技术解决电池组的短板效应问题的方法是采用电池均衡器。然而，电池均衡器只能解决电池组在长期使用后出现的各个单体电池容量不一致的问题，即只能对存在短板电池的电池组进行独立均衡操作，使电池组中所有电池性能一致，以消除短板效应。At present, the traditional battery management technology to solve the short-board effect of the battery pack is to use a battery equalizer. However, the battery equalizer can only solve the problem of the inconsistency of the individual battery capacities of the battery pack after long-term use, that is, it can only perform independent equalization operations on the battery pack with short-board batteries, so that all the batteries in the battery pack have the same performance. To eliminate the short board effect.
因此，传统的电池管理技术方案中存在着无法在实际使用时电池组中存在短板电池的情况下规避出现短板效应的问题。Therefore, in the traditional battery management technical solution, there is a problem that the short-board effect cannot be avoided when there are short-board batteries in the battery pack during actual use.
技术问题technical problem
有鉴于此，本方案实施例提供了一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统及方法，旨在解决传统的电池管理技术方案中存在的无法在实际使用时电池组中存在短板电池的情况下，规避出现短板效应的问题。In view of this, the embodiment of this solution provides a system and method for avoiding the short-board effect of battery packs, aiming to solve the problem of the traditional battery management technical solutions that cannot be used in actual battery packs. Under the circumstances, avoid the problem of short board effect.
技术解决方案Technical solutions
本方案实施例的第一方面提供了一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统，所述电池组包括多个电连接单体电池，所述规避系统包括：The first aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides an evasion system for the short-board effect of a battery pack, the battery pack includes a plurality of electrically connected single cells, and the evasion system includes:
主控模块、信息采集模块、双向直流转换模块以及电源模块；Main control module, information acquisition module, bidirectional DC conversion module and power supply module;
所述电源模块与所述电池组连接，用于提供直流电信号；The power supply module is connected to the battery pack and is used to provide a direct current signal;
所述信息采集模块与多个所述单体电池以及所述主控模块相连接，用于采集多个所述单体电池的参数信息并将所述参数信息反馈至所述主控模块；The information collection module is connected to a plurality of the single cells and the main control module, and is configured to collect parameter information of the plurality of single cells and feed back the parameter information to the main control module;
所述主控模块与所述双向直流转换模块连接，用于根据所述参数信息判定多个所述单体电池中的短板电池，并当所述电池组处于充电状态且所述短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当所述电池组处于放电状态且所述短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号；The main control module is connected to the two-way direct current conversion module, and is used to determine the short-board battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-board battery When the battery is fully charged, output a first control signal, or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
所述双向直流转换模块与所述电源模块及所述电池组相连接，用于当接收到所述第一控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行放电，以使所述电池组整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到所述第二控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行充电，以使所述电池组整体维持放电状态。The two-way direct current conversion module is connected to the power supply module and the battery pack, and is used to control the short plate battery to discharge separately when the first control signal is received, so that the battery pack is maintained as a whole The charging state, or when the second control signal is received, controlling the short-plate battery to be charged separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a discharged state.
本方案实施例的第二方面提供了一种用于电池组短板效应的规避方法，所述电池组包括多个电连接的单体电池，所述规避方法包括：The second aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides a method for circumventing the short-board effect of a battery pack. The battery pack includes a plurality of electrically connected single cells, and the circumvention method includes:
采用电源模块提供直流电信号；Use power module to provide DC signal;
采用信息采集模块采集多个所述单体电池的参数信息并进行反馈；Use an information collection module to collect and feedback the parameter information of a plurality of the single cells;
采用主控模块接收并根据所述参数信息判定多个所述单体电池中的短板电池，并当所述电池组处于充电状态且所述短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当所述电池组处于放电状态且所述短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号；The main control module is used to receive and determine the short-plate battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and output a first control signal when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged , Or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
采用双向直流转换模块当接收到所述第一控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行放电，以使所述电池组整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到所述第二控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行充电，以使所述电池组整体维持放电状态。When receiving the first control signal, the bidirectional DC conversion module is used to control the short-plate battery to discharge independently so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a charged state, or when the second control signal is received, control The short plate battery is individually charged, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a discharged state.
有益效果Beneficial effect
上述的一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统及方法，通过信息采集模块采集单体电池的参数信息并反馈，由主控模块分析参数信息后判定出短板电池，并当电池组处于充电状态时且短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号给双向直流转换模块，以控制双向直流转换模块对短板电池单独进行放电，从而电池组整体维持充电状态，避免了因短板电池充满电而导致整个电池组停止充电，当电池组处于放电状态且短板电池已放电完全时，主控模块输出第二控制信号给双向直流转换模块，以控制双向直流转换模块对短板电池单独进行充电，从而电池组整体维持放电状态，避免了因短板电池放电完全而导致整个电池组停止放电。因此，在充放电过程中，控制短板电池单独从电源模块取电或者对电源模块放电，使得在充放电过程中，电池组的充电和放电状态不受短板电池的影响，电池组整体可实现完全充电和完全放电，从而在充放电过程中避免出现短板效应，提高了电池组的续航能力，方便用户使用，并且避免了因为对短板电池过度充电或过度放电而导致电池组损坏或者导致安全事故，提高了电池组的可靠性、延长了电池组的使用寿命。The above-mentioned system and method for avoiding the short board effect of the battery pack collects the parameter information of the single battery through the information acquisition module and feeds it back. The main control module analyzes the parameter information and determines the short board battery, and when the battery pack is in In the charging state and when the short-board battery is fully charged, the first control signal is output to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to discharge the short-board battery separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains the charging state, avoiding the short-board The battery is fully charged and the entire battery pack stops charging. When the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-board battery is fully discharged, the main control module outputs a second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module to control the bidirectional DC conversion module to the short-board battery Charging is performed separately, so that the entire battery pack maintains a discharged state, which avoids the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery. Therefore, in the process of charging and discharging, the short board battery is controlled to take power from the power module or discharge the power module separately, so that during the charging and discharging process, the charging and discharging state of the battery pack is not affected by the short board battery, and the battery pack as a whole can Achieve full charge and full discharge, thereby avoiding the short-board effect during the charging and discharging process, improving the endurance of the battery pack, making it convenient for users to use, and avoiding damage to the battery pack due to overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery. Lead to safety accidents, improve the reliability of the battery pack, and extend the service life of the battery pack.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本方案实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本方案的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this solution, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only of the solution. For some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本方案实施例的第一方面提供的一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统的模块结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a module structure of a system for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the first aspect of the embodiments of the solution;
图2为图1所示的规避系统中双向直流转换单元与单体电池的电连接结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure between the bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery in the evasion system shown in FIG. 1;
图3为图2所示的规避系统中双向直流转换单元的电路示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bidirectional DC conversion unit in the evasion system shown in Fig. 2;
图4为本方案实施例的第二方面提供的一种用于电池组短板效应的规避方法的具体流程图。FIG. 4 is a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the solution.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention
为了使本方案的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本方案进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本方案，并不用于限定本方案。In order to make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the solution clearer, the solution will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the solution, and are not used to limit the solution.
图1为本方案实施例的第一方面提供的一种用于电池组短板效应规避系统的模块结构示意图；为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分，详述如下：Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a module structure for a battery pack short-board effect avoidance system provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the solution; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:
一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统，其中，电池组100包括多个单体电池，多个单体电池之间进行串联连接，用于电池组短板效应的规避系统包括主控模块10、信息采集模块20、双向直流转换模块30以及电源模块40。A system for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack 100 includes a plurality of single cells, which are connected in series, and the system for avoiding the short-board effect of the battery pack includes a main control module 10. The information collection module 20, the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the power supply module 40.
其中，电源模块40与电池组100连接，用于提供直流电信号。Wherein, the power module 40 is connected to the battery pack 100 for providing a direct current signal.
具体地，电源模块40为直流母线，电池组100与直流母线连接，当电池组100处于充电状态时，直流母线对电池组100提供直流电信号；当电池组100处于放电状态时，电池组100对直流母线放电。Specifically, the power module 40 is a DC bus, and the battery pack 100 is connected to the DC bus. When the battery pack 100 is in a charging state, the DC bus provides a DC signal to the battery pack 100; when the battery pack 100 is in a discharging state, the battery pack 100 is The DC bus is discharged.
信息采集模块20与多个单体电池以及主控模块10相连接，用于采集多个单体电池的参数信息并将参数信息反馈至主控模块10。The information collection module 20 is connected with multiple single batteries and the main control module 10, and is used to collect parameter information of the multiple single batteries and feed the parameter information back to the main control module 10.
在一可选实施例中，上述的参数信息包括充电电压、充电电流、放电电压、放电电流以及电池容量中的任意一项或多项。In an optional embodiment, the aforementioned parameter information includes any one or more of charging voltage, charging current, discharging voltage, discharging current, and battery capacity.
具体地，主控模块10定期对电池组100中的各个单体电池进行测试，即控制电池组100进行一次或多次充放电循环，并在该次或多次充放电循环内通过信息采集模块20获取每个单体电池的参数信息，从而主控模块10根据参数信息分析出多个单体电池中电池容量由大到小排序为靠后的三个单体电池为短板电池。Specifically, the main control module 10 periodically tests each single cell in the battery pack 100, that is, controls the battery pack 100 to perform one or more charge and discharge cycles, and pass the information acquisition module during the one or more charge and discharge cycles. 20 obtains the parameter information of each single battery, so that the main control module 10 analyzes, according to the parameter information, that the three single batteries ranked in descending order of battery capacity among the multiple single batteries are short-plate batteries.
主控模块10对电池组100进行测试的周期可根据实际情况而定，例如可设定为每两个月、每两周或者每两天进行一次测试，以定期更新电池组100中的单体电池的参数信息，避免由于电池组100在长期使用后，短板电池或其它单体电池的参数信息发生变化却没被测试出而导致规避系统无法精确定位短板电池，保证了规避系统的可靠性和准确性。The cycle for the main control module 10 to test the battery pack 100 can be determined according to actual conditions. For example, it can be set to test every two months, every two weeks, or every two days to update the cells in the battery pack 100 regularly. The parameter information of the battery prevents the evasion system from being unable to accurately locate the short plate battery due to the fact that the parameter information of the short-plate battery or other single battery has not been tested after the battery pack 100 is used for a long time, ensuring the reliability of the evasion system Sex and accuracy.
可选的，在对参数信息进行分析后，主控模块10可判定多个单体电池中电池容量由大到小排序为靠后的一个或者多个单体电池为短板电池，具体所判定出的短板电池的数量根据实际需要而定。Optionally, after analyzing the parameter information, the main control module 10 may determine that one or more of the plurality of single cells in the order of the battery capacity in descending order is a short-plate battery. The number of short-board batteries out depends on actual needs.
主控模块10与双向直流转换模块30连接，用于根据参数信息判定多个单体电池中的短板电池，并当电池组100处于充电状态且短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当电池组100处于放电状态且短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号。The main control module 10 is connected to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and is used to determine the short-plate battery among the multiple single batteries according to the parameter information, and output the first control when the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged Signal, or output the second control signal when the battery pack 100 is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged.
具体地，短板电池包括电池组100中电池容量由大到小排序为靠后的三个单体电池。第一控制信号和第二控制信号均为脉宽宽度调制信号。Specifically, the short-plate battery includes three single cells in the battery pack 100 whose battery capacity is ranked in descending order. Both the first control signal and the second control signal are pulse width modulation signals.
双向直流转换模块30与电源模块40及电池组100相连接，用于当接收到第一控制信号时，控制短板电池单独进行放电，以使电池组100整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到第二控制信号时，控制短板电池单独进行充电，以使电池组100中整体维持放电状态。The bidirectional DC conversion module 30 is connected to the power supply module 40 and the battery pack 100, and is used to control the short-board battery to discharge separately when the first control signal is received, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains a charged state, or when the first control signal is received In the second control signal, the short-plate battery is controlled to be charged separately, so that the entire battery pack 100 maintains a discharged state.
具体地，主控模块10检测到电池组100处于充电状态并且短板电池中的一个或多个已经充满电时，输出第一控制信号给双向直流转换模块30，双向直流转换模块30接收到第一控制信号后，改变自身内部各个开关管的导通和关断状态，从而控制已充满电的一个或多个短板电池进行放电。如此，避免了因短板电池充满电而导致整个电池组100停止充电，并且避免了短板电池过度充电而导致缩短电池组100的使用寿命、毁坏电池组100，甚至引发安全事故。Specifically, when the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and one or more of the short-plate batteries are fully charged, it outputs the first control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 receives the first control signal. After a control signal, it changes the on and off state of each switch tube within itself, thereby controlling one or more fully charged short-plate batteries to discharge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops charging due to the short-plate battery being fully charged, and the short-plate battery is overcharged, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack 100, damage the battery pack 100, and even cause safety accidents.
主控模块10检测到电池组100处于充电状态并且短板电池中的一个或多个已经放电完全时，输出第二控制信号给双向直流转换模块30，双向直流转换模块30接收到第二控制信号后，改变自身内部各个开关的导通和关断状态，从而控制已经放电完全的一个或多个短板电池进行充电。如此，避免了因短板电池完全放电而导致整个电池组100停止放电，提高了电池组100的续航能力，并且避免了短板电池过度放电而导致缩短电池组100的使用寿命、毁坏电池组100，甚至引发安全事故。When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and one or more of the short-plate batteries have been completely discharged, it outputs a second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30, and the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 receives the second control signal Afterwards, change the on and off states of each switch within itself, thereby controlling one or more short-board batteries that have been discharged to charge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops discharging due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery, improves the endurance of the battery pack 100, and prevents the short-board battery from being over-discharged, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack 100 and destroy the battery pack 100 , And even cause a safety accident.
在一可选实施例中，主控模块10采用中央控制器实现。In an alternative embodiment, the main control module 10 is implemented by a central controller.
本实施例提供的一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统，通过信息采集模块20采集单体电池的参数信息并反馈，由主控模块10分析参数信息后判定出短板电池，并当电池组100处于充电状态时且短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号给双向直流转换模块30，以控制双向直流转换模块30对短板电池单独进行放电，从而电池组100整体维持充电状态，避免了因短板电池充满电而导致整个电池组100停止充电，当电池组100处于放电状态且短板电池已放电完全时，主控模块10输出第二控制信号给双向直流转换模块30，以控制双向直流转换模块30对短板电池单独进行充电，从而电池组100整体维持放电状态，避免了因短板电池放电完全而导致整个电池组100停止放电。因此，在充放电过程中，控制短板电池单独从电源模块40取电或者对电源模块40放电，使得电池组100的充电和放电状态不受短板电池的影响，电池组整体可实现完全充电和完全放电，从而提高了电池组100的续航能力，方便用户使用，并且避免了因为对短板电池过度充电或过度放电而导致电池组100损坏或者导致安全事故，提高了电池组100的可靠性、延长了电池组100的使用寿命。This embodiment provides a system for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack. The information collection module 20 collects and feeds back the parameter information of the single battery. The main control module 10 analyzes the parameter information and determines the short-board battery, and then When the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and the short-plate battery is fully charged, the first control signal is output to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 to control the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 to discharge the short-plate battery individually, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains charging The main control module 10 outputs the second control signal to the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 when the battery pack 100 is in a discharged state and the short board battery is fully discharged. In order to control the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 to charge the short-plate batteries individually, the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains a discharged state, which prevents the entire battery pack 100 from stopping discharging due to the complete discharge of the short-plate batteries. Therefore, during the charging and discharging process, the short-plate battery is controlled to take power from the power module 40 or discharge the power module 40, so that the charging and discharging state of the battery pack 100 is not affected by the short-plate battery, and the battery pack as a whole can be fully charged And complete discharge, thereby improving the endurance of the battery pack 100, making it convenient for users to use, and avoiding damage to the battery pack 100 or causing safety accidents due to overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery, and improving the reliability of the battery pack 100 , Extend the service life of the battery pack 100.
图2为图1所示的规避系统中双向直流转换单元与单体电池的电连接结构示意图；为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分，详述如下：2 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connection structure between the bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery in the evasion system shown in FIG. 1; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are detailed as follows:
在一可选实施例中，上述的双向直流转换模块30包括多个双向直流转换单元。In an optional embodiment, the aforementioned bidirectional DC conversion module 30 includes a plurality of bidirectional DC conversion units.
其中，双向直流转换单元的数量与电池组100中的单体电池的数量相同，双向直流转换单元分别与单体电池一一对应相连接。Wherein, the number of bidirectional DC conversion units is the same as the number of single cells in the battery pack 100, and the bidirectional DC conversion units are connected to the single cells in a one-to-one correspondence.
具体地，第一双向直流转换单元与单体电池1连接，第二双向直流转换单元与单体电池2连接，第三双向直流转换单元与单体电池3连接，依此类推。各个双向直流转换单元受控制对与之相对应的单体电池的进行充电或放电。Specifically, the first bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 1, the second bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 2, the third bidirectional direct current conversion unit is connected to the single battery 3, and so on. Each bidirectional DC conversion unit is controlled to charge or discharge the corresponding single battery.
下面以单体电池1、单体电池2以及单体电池3为短板电池为例，对主控模块10和双向直流转换模块30的具体工作原理进行分析：Taking the single battery 1, single battery 2, and single battery 3 as short-plate batteries as an example, the specific working principles of the main control module 10 and the bidirectional DC conversion module 30 are analyzed:
主控模块10检测到电池组100处于充电状态并且单体电池1和单体电池2已经充满电时，输出第一控制信号给第一双向直流转换单元和第二双向直流转换单元，第一双向直流转换单元和第二双向直流转换单元改变自身内部各个开关管的导通和关断状态，从而分别控制已充满电的单体电池1和单体电池2进行放电。如此，避免了因单体电池1和单体电池2充满电而导致整个电池组100停止充电，使电池组100没有充满电，并且避免了单体电池1和单体电池2过度充电而导致缩短电池组100的使用寿命、毁坏电池组100，甚至引发安全事故。When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a charged state and the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 are fully charged, it outputs the first control signal to the first bidirectional DC conversion unit and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit. The DC conversion unit and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit change the on and off states of each switch tube within themselves, thereby respectively controlling the fully charged single battery 1 and the single battery 2 to discharge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops charging due to the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 being fully charged, so that the battery pack 100 is not fully charged, and the single battery 1 and the single battery 2 are overcharged and shortened. The service life of the battery pack 100 destroys the battery pack 100 and even causes a safety accident.
主控模块10检测到电池组100处于放电状态并且单体电池2已经完全放电时，输出第二控制信号给第二双向直流转换单元，第二双向直流转换单元改变自身内部各个开关管的导通和关断状态，从而控制已完全放电的单体电池2进行充电。如此，避免了因单体电池2完全放电而导致整个电池组100停止放电，延长了电池组100的放电时间，提高了电池组100的续航能力，并且避免了单体电池2过度放电而导致缩短电池组100的使用寿命、毁坏电池组100，甚至引发安全事故。When the main control module 10 detects that the battery pack 100 is in a discharging state and the single battery 2 has been completely discharged, it outputs a second control signal to the second bidirectional DC conversion unit, and the second bidirectional DC conversion unit changes the conduction of each internal switch tube. And the off state, thereby controlling the fully discharged single battery 2 to charge. In this way, it is avoided that the entire battery pack 100 stops discharging due to the complete discharge of the single battery 2, which prolongs the discharge time of the battery pack 100, improves the endurance of the battery pack 100, and avoids the over-discharge of the single battery 2 causing shortening The service life of the battery pack 100 destroys the battery pack 100 and even causes a safety accident.
在实际应用中，电池组100进行充电时，当短板电池充满电后，其通过与之相连接的双向直流单元放电的同时，也与电池组100中的其它单体电池一同进行充电，从而避免电池组在充电过程中出现短板效应。短板电池所释放的电量由双向直流转换单元流入电源模块，电源模块将这部分电量重新充入至电池组100，从而避免造成浪费。In practical applications, when the battery pack 100 is charged, when the short-plate battery is fully charged, it is discharged through the bidirectional DC unit connected to it, and it is also charged together with other single cells in the battery pack 100, thereby Avoid the short board effect of the battery pack during the charging process. The power released by the short-board battery flows into the power module from the bidirectional DC conversion unit, and the power module recharges this part of the power to the battery pack 100, thereby avoiding waste.
电池组100进行放电时，当短板电池完全放电后，其通过与之相连接的双向直流单元充电的同时，也与电池组100中的其它单体电池一同进行放电，从而避免电池组在放电过程中出现短板效应。短板电池充入的电量取自电池组100所释放的电量。When the battery pack 100 is discharged, when the short-plate battery is completely discharged, it is charged through the bidirectional DC unit connected to it, and at the same time it is discharged together with the other single cells in the battery pack 100, thereby preventing the battery pack from being discharged A short board effect appeared in the process. The power charged by the short plate battery is taken from the power released by the battery pack 100.
在本实施例中，通过采用各个双向直流转换单元分别对应连接和控制各个单体电池，每个双向直流转换单元及与之连接的单体电池组100构成一个相对独立的系统，可高效精确地控制短板电池的充放电状态。In this embodiment, by using each bidirectional DC conversion unit to respectively connect and control each single battery, each bidirectional DC conversion unit and the single battery pack 100 connected to it form a relatively independent system, which can be efficiently and accurately Control the charging and discharging status of the short board battery.
图3为图2所示的的规避系统中双向直流转换单元的电路示意图；为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分，详述如下：FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the bidirectional DC conversion unit in the evasion system shown in FIG. 2; for ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, and the details are as follows:
在一可选实施例中，上述的双向直流转换单元包括第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3、第四开关管Q4、第一电容C1、第二电容C2、第三电容C3、电感L2以及变压器T1。In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned bidirectional DC conversion unit includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, and a second switching tube. Three capacitors C3, inductor L2 and transformer T1.
其中，第一开关管Q1的源极、第二开关管Q2的漏极以及电感L2的第一端共接，电感L2的第二端连接变压器T1的原边线圈的第一端；第一电容C1的第一端连接第一开关管Q1的漏极，第一电容C1的第二端、第二电容C2的第一端以及原边线圈的第二端共接，第二电容C2的第二端连接第二开关管Q2的源极；变压器T1的第一副边线圈的第一端连接第三开关管Q3的漏极，第三开关管Q3的源极、第四开关管Q4的源极以及第三电容C3的第一端共接；第四开关管Q4的漏极连接变压器T1的第二副边线圈的第一端；第一副边线圈的第二端、第二副边线圈的第二端以及第三电容C3的第二端共接；Wherein, the source of the first switching tube Q1, the drain of the second switching tube Q2, and the first end of the inductor L2 are connected in common, and the second end of the inductor L2 is connected to the first end of the primary coil of the transformer T1; The first terminal of C1 is connected to the drain of the first switch tube Q1, the second terminal of the first capacitor C1, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2, and the second terminal of the primary coil are commonly connected, and the second terminal of the second capacitor C2 Terminal is connected to the source of the second switching tube Q2; the first terminal of the first secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected to the drain of the third switching tube Q3, the source of the third switching tube Q3, and the source of the fourth switching tube Q4 And the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected in common; the drain of the fourth switch tube Q4 is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil of the transformer T1; the second end of the first secondary coil and the second end of the second secondary coil The second end and the second end of the third capacitor C3 are connected in common;
第一开关管Q1的漏极和第二开关管Q2的源极连接电源模块40，第三电容C3的第一端和第二端连接单体电池，第一开关管Q1的栅极、第二开关管Q2的栅极、第三开关管Q3的栅极以及第四开关管Q4的栅极连接主控模块10。The drain of the first switching tube Q1 and the source of the second switching tube Q2 are connected to the power supply module 40, the first end and the second end of the third capacitor C3 are connected to the single battery, the gate of the first switching tube Q1, the second The gate of the switching tube Q2, the gate of the third switching tube Q3, and the gate of the fourth switching tube Q4 are connected to the main control module 10.
具体地，主控模块10输出第一控制信号或者第二控制信号至第一开关管Q1的栅极、第二开关管Q2的栅极、第三开关管Q3的栅极以及第四开关管Q4的栅极中的一个或多个极。Specifically, the main control module 10 outputs the first control signal or the second control signal to the gate of the first switching tube Q1, the gate of the second switching tube Q2, the gate of the third switching tube Q3, and the fourth switching tube Q4. One or more poles in the gate.
当任意一个双向直流转换单元接收到第一控制信号时，该双向直流转换单元关断第一开关管Q1和第四开关管Q4，导通第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3，与该双向直流转换单元相连接的单体电池通过第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3向电源模块40放电，避免了因该单体电池先于其它单体电池充满电而导致整个电池组停止充电，而使电池组未充满电，并且避免了该单体电池过度充电而导致缩短电池组的使用寿命、毁坏电池组，甚至引发安全事故。When any one of the two-way DC conversion units receives the first control signal, the two-way DC conversion unit turns off the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4, and turns on the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3. The single battery connected to the bidirectional DC conversion unit discharges to the power supply module 40 through the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3, which prevents the entire battery pack from stopping charging because the single battery is fully charged before other single batteries , The battery pack is not fully charged, and avoids overcharging the single battery, which can shorten the service life of the battery pack, destroy the battery pack, and even cause safety accidents.
当任意一个双向直流转换单元接收到第二控制信号时，该双向直流转换单元关断第二开关管Q2和第三开关管Q3，导通第一开关管Q1和第四开关管Q4，与该双向直流转换单元相连接的单体电池通过第一开关管Q1和第四开关管Q4进行充电，避免了因该单体电池先于其它单体电池完全放电而导致整个电池组停止放电，延长了电池组的放电时间，即提高了电池组的续航能力，并且避免了该单体电池过度放电而导致缩短电池组的使用寿命、毁坏电池组，甚至引发安全事故。When any one of the two-way DC conversion units receives the second control signal, the two-way DC conversion unit turns off the second switch tube Q2 and the third switch tube Q3, turns on the first switch tube Q1 and the fourth switch tube Q4, and The single battery connected to the two-way DC conversion unit is charged through the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4, which avoids the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the single battery before the other single batteries, which extends The discharge time of the battery pack improves the endurance of the battery pack, and avoids the over-discharge of the single battery, which may shorten the service life of the battery pack, destroy the battery pack, and even cause safety accidents.
在一可选实施例中，上述的第一开关管Q1、第二开关管Q2、第三开关管Q3以及第四开关管Q4均采用NPN型场效应管实现。In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned first switching tube Q1, second switching tube Q2, third switching tube Q3, and fourth switching tube Q4 are all implemented by using NPN type field effect transistors.
图4为本方案实施例的第二方面提供的一种用于电池组短板效应的规避方法的具体流程图。为了便于说明，仅示出了与本实施例相关的部分，详述如下：FIG. 4 is a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack provided by the second aspect of the embodiments of the solution. For ease of description, only the parts related to this embodiment are shown, which are detailed as follows:
本方案实施例的第二方面提供了一种用于电池组短板效应的规避方法的具体流程图，包括：The second aspect of the embodiments of this solution provides a specific flowchart of a method for avoiding the short-board effect of a battery pack, including:
S01：采用电源模块40提供直流电信号；S01: Use the power module 40 to provide a DC signal;
S02：采用信息采集模块20采集多个单体电池的参数信息并进行反馈；S02: Use the information collection module 20 to collect parameter information of multiple single batteries and give feedback;
S03：采用主控模块10接收并根据参数信息判定多个单体电池中的短板电池，并当电池组100处于充电状态且短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当电池组100处于放电状态且短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号；短板电池包括电池组100中电池容量由大到小排序为靠后的三个单体电池；S03: The main control module 10 is used to receive and determine the short-plate battery of the multiple single batteries according to the parameter information, and when the battery pack 100 is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged, output the first control signal, or when the battery When the group 100 is in a discharging state and the short-plate battery is fully discharged, the second control signal is output; the short-plate battery includes the three single cells in the battery pack 100 with battery capacity in descending order;
S04：采用双向直流转换模块30当接收到第一控制信号时，控制短板电池单独进行放电，以使电池组100整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到第二控制信号时，控制短板电池单独进行充电，以使电池组100整体维持放电状态。S04: When the two-way DC conversion module 30 receives the first control signal, it controls the short-board battery to discharge separately, so that the battery pack 100 as a whole maintains the charged state, or when the second control signal is received, the short-board battery is controlled to be individually discharged The charging is performed so that the entire battery pack 100 maintains a discharged state.
综上所述，本方案实施例提供的用于电池组短板效应的规避系统及方法，通过信息采集模块采集单体电池的参数信息并反馈，由主控模块分析参数信息后判定出短板电池，并当电池组处于充电状态时且短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号给双向直流转换模块，以控制双向直流转换模块对短板电池单独进行放电，从而电池组整体维持充电状态，避免了因短板电池充满电而导致整个电池组停止充电，当电池组处于放电状态且短板电池已放电完全时，主控模块输出第二控制信号给双向直流转换模块，以控制双向直流转换模块对短板电池单独进行充电，从而电池组整体维持放电状态，避免了因短板电池放电完全而导致整个电池组停止放电。因此，在单次充放电循环内，控制短板电池单独从电源模块取电或者对电源模块放电，使得电池组的充电和放电状态不受短板电池的影响，从而使存在短板电池的电池组在充放电过程中避免出现短板效应，提高了电池组的续航能力，方便用户使用，并且避免了因为对短板电池过度充电或过度放电而导致电池组损坏或者导致安全事故，提高了电池组的可靠性、延长了电池组的使用寿命。In summary, the system and method for avoiding the short-board effect of battery packs provided by the embodiment of this solution collects and feeds back the parameter information of the single battery through the information collection module. The main control module analyzes the parameter information and determines the short-board When the battery pack is in the charging state and the short-board battery is fully charged, output the first control signal to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to discharge the short-board battery separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains charging The main control module outputs the second control signal to the two-way DC conversion module to control the two-way DC conversion module to prevent the entire battery pack from stopping charging due to the full charge of the short-board battery. When the battery pack is in the discharged state and the short-board battery is fully discharged The DC conversion module individually charges the short-board battery, so that the battery pack is maintained in a discharged state as a whole, which prevents the entire battery pack from stopping discharge due to the complete discharge of the short-board battery. Therefore, in a single charge and discharge cycle, the short-board battery is controlled to take power from the power module or discharge the power module separately, so that the charging and discharging state of the battery pack is not affected by the short-board battery, so that the battery with the short-board battery The battery pack avoids the short-board effect during the charging and discharging process, improves the battery life, is convenient for users, and avoids the battery pack damage or safety accident caused by overcharging or over-discharging the short-board battery, and improves the battery The reliability of the battery pack extends the service life of the battery pack.
在本文对各种电路和方法描述了各种实施方式。阐述了很多特定的细节以提供对如在说明书中描述的和在附图中示出的实施方式的总结构、功能、制造和使用的彻底理解。然而本领域中的技术人员将理解，实施方式可在没有这样的特定细节的情况下被实施。在其它实例中，详细描述了公知的操作、部件和元件，以免使在说明书中的实施方式难以理解。本领域中的技术人员将理解，在本文和所示的实施方式是非限制性例子，且因此可认识到，在本文公开的特定的结构和功能细节可以是代表性的且并不一定限制实施方式的范围。Various implementations are described herein for various circuits and methods. Many specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the overall structure, function, manufacture, and use of the embodiments as described in the specification and shown in the drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments may be implemented without such specific details. In other examples, well-known operations, components and elements are described in detail so as not to make the implementation in the specification difficult to understand. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein and shown are non-limiting examples, and therefore can recognize that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and do not necessarily limit the embodiments Range.
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成，即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中，上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外，各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本方案的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example. In practical applications, the above-mentioned functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules as required. Module completion means dividing the internal structure of the device into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist alone physically, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated units can be hardware-based Formal realization can also be realized in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only used to distinguish each other, and are not used to limit the protection scope of this solution. For the specific working process of the units and modules in the foregoing system, reference may be made to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not repeated here.
以上仅为本方案的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本方案，凡在本方案的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本方案的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of this scheme, and are not intended to limit this scheme. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of this scheme shall be included in the scope of protection of this scheme. Inside.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于电池组短板效应的规避系统，所述电池组包括多个电连接的单体电池，其特征在于，所述规避系统包括：An evasion system for the short board effect of a battery pack, the battery pack includes a plurality of electrically connected single cells, characterized in that the evasion system includes:
    主控模块、信息采集模块、双向直流转换模块以及电源模块；Main control module, information acquisition module, bidirectional DC conversion module and power supply module;
    所述电源模块与所述电池组连接，用于提供直流电信号；The power supply module is connected to the battery pack and is used to provide a direct current signal;
    所述信息采集模块与多个所述单体电池以及所述主控模块相连接，用于采集多个所述单体电池的参数信息并将所述参数信息反馈至所述主控模块；The information collection module is connected to a plurality of the single cells and the main control module, and is configured to collect parameter information of the plurality of single cells and feed back the parameter information to the main control module;
    所述主控模块与所述双向直流转换模块连接，用于根据所述参数信息判定多个所述单体电池中的短板电池，并当所述电池组处于充电状态且所述短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当所述电池组处于放电状态且所述短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号；The main control module is connected to the two-way direct current conversion module, and is used to determine the short-board battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-board battery When the battery is fully charged, output a first control signal, or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
    所述双向直流转换模块与所述电源模块及所述电池组相连接，用于当接收到所述第一控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行放电，以使所述电池组整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到所述第二控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行充电，以使所述电池组整体维持放电状态。The two-way direct current conversion module is connected to the power supply module and the battery pack, and is used to control the short plate battery to discharge separately when the first control signal is received, so that the battery pack is maintained as a whole The charging state, or when the second control signal is received, controlling the short-plate battery to be charged separately, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a discharged state.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述双向直流转换模块包括多个双向直流转换单元；The evasion system according to claim 1, wherein the bidirectional DC conversion module comprises a plurality of bidirectional DC conversion units;
    所述双向直流转换单元的数量与所述电池组中的所述单体电池的数量相同，所述双向直流转换单元分别与所述单体电池一一对应相连接。The number of the two-way DC conversion units is the same as the number of the single cells in the battery pack, and the two-way DC conversion units are respectively connected to the single cells in a one-to-one correspondence.
  3. 如权利要求2所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述双向直流转换单元包括：The evasion system according to claim 2, wherein the bidirectional DC conversion unit comprises:
    第一开关管、第二开关管、第三开关管、第四开关管、第一电容、第二电容、第三电容、电感以及变压器；A first switch tube, a second switch tube, a third switch tube, a fourth switch tube, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, an inductor, and a transformer;
    所述第一开关管的源极、所述第二开关管的漏极以及所述电感的第一端共接，所述电感的第二端连接所述变压器的原边线圈的第一端；所述第一电容的第一端连接所述第一开关管的漏极，所述第一电容的第二端、所述第二电容的第一端以及所述原边线圈的第二端共接，所述第二电容的第二端连接所述第二开关管的源极；所述变压器的第一副边线圈的第一端连接所述第三开关管的漏极，所述第三开关管的源极、所述第四开关管的源极以及第三电容的第一端共接；所述第四开关管的漏极连接所述变压器的第二副边线圈的第一端；所述第一副边线圈的第二端、所述第二副边线圈的第二端以及所述第三电容的第二端共接；The source of the first switching tube, the drain of the second switching tube, and the first end of the inductor are connected in common, and the second end of the inductor is connected to the first end of the primary coil of the transformer; The first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the drain of the first switch tube, and the second terminal of the first capacitor, the first terminal of the second capacitor, and the second terminal of the primary coil share a common Connected, the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the source of the second switch; the first end of the first secondary coil of the transformer is connected to the drain of the third switch, and the third The source of the switching tube, the source of the fourth switching tube, and the first end of the third capacitor are connected in common; the drain of the fourth switching tube is connected to the first end of the second secondary coil of the transformer; The second end of the first secondary coil, the second end of the second secondary coil, and the second end of the third capacitor are connected in common;
    所述第一开关管的漏极和所述第二开关管的源极连接所述电源模块，所述第三电容的第一端和第二端连接所述单体电池，所述第一开关管的栅极、所述第二开关管的栅极、所述第三开关管的栅极以及所述第四开关管的栅极连接所述主控模块。The drain of the first switch and the source of the second switch are connected to the power module, the first and second ends of the third capacitor are connected to the single battery, and the first switch The grid of the transistor, the grid of the second switch, the grid of the third switch, and the grid of the fourth switch are connected to the main control module.
  4. 如权利要求3所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述第一开关管、所述第二开关管、所述第三开关管以及所述第四开关管均采用NPN型场效应管实现。The evasion system according to claim 3, wherein the first switching tube, the second switching tube, the third switching tube, and the fourth switching tube are all implemented by NPN type field effect transistors.
  5. 如权利要求1所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述参数信息包括充电电压、充电电流、放电电压、放电电流以及电池容量中的任意一项或多项。The evasion system according to claim 1, wherein the parameter information includes any one or more of charging voltage, charging current, discharging voltage, discharging current, and battery capacity.
  6. 如权利要求1所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述第一控制信号和所述第二控制信号均为脉宽宽度调制信号。The evasion system according to claim 1, wherein the first control signal and the second control signal are both pulse width modulation signals.
  7. 如权利要求1所述的规避系统，其特征在于，所述主控模块采用中央控制器实现。The evasion system according to claim 1, wherein the main control module is implemented by a central controller.
  8. 一种用于电池组短板效应的规避方法，所述电池组包括多个单体电池，其特征在于，所述规避方法包括：A method for avoiding the short board effect of a battery pack, the battery pack including a plurality of single cells, characterized in that the avoiding method includes:
    采用电源模块提供直流电信号；Use power module to provide DC signal;
    采用信息采集模块采集多个所述单体电池的参数信息并进行反馈；Use an information collection module to collect and feedback the parameter information of a plurality of the single cells;
    采用主控模块接收并根据所述参数信息判定多个所述单体电池中的短板电池，并当所述电池组处于充电状态且所述短板电池已充满电时，输出第一控制信号，或者当所述电池组处于放电状态且所述短板电池已放电完全时，输出第二控制信号；The main control module is used to receive and determine the short-plate battery among the plurality of single batteries according to the parameter information, and output a first control signal when the battery pack is in a charging state and the short-plate battery is fully charged , Or when the battery pack is in a discharged state and the short-plate battery is completely discharged, output a second control signal;
    采用双向直流转换模块当接收到所述第一控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行放电，以使所述电池组整体维持充电状态，或者当接收到所述第二控制信号时，控制所述短板电池单独进行充电，以使所述电池组整体维持放电状态。When receiving the first control signal, the bidirectional DC conversion module is used to control the short-plate battery to discharge independently so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a charged state, or when the second control signal is received, control The short plate battery is individually charged, so that the battery pack as a whole maintains a discharged state.
PCT/CN2019/092813 2019-04-01 2019-06-25 Avoidance system and method for cask effect of battery pack WO2020199378A1 (en)

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