WO2020199243A1

WO2020199243A1 - Drill hole information acquisition method and device based on dic technology

Info

Publication number: WO2020199243A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/082616
Authority: WO
Inventors: 高明忠; 王明耀; 刘强; 陈海亮; 陆彤; 彭高友; 王飞; 杨本高
Original assignee: 四川大学
Priority date: 2019-04-01
Filing date: 2019-04-15
Publication date: 2020-10-08
Also published as: CN109882156A

Abstract

Disclosed are a drill hole information acquisition method and device based on DIC technology, relating to the technical field of mining. According to the method, panoramic image capturing is performed on a sampling hole in a roadway surrounding rock according to a certain time period, and sampling hole images at different times are compared and analyzed and calculated to obtain drill hole information free from the influence of initial fissures. The device comprises a measuring bar (1), a cable (6), a winch (7), a pulse generator (8), a host (9) and a panoramic camera (10), wherein the panoramic camera (10) is fixedly arranged at an end of the measuring bar (1), the panoramic camera (10) is connected to the host (9) by means of the cable (6), the cable (6) is wound around a roller of the winch (7), the winch (7) can be used for triggering the pulse generator (8), and the pulse generator (8) is electrically connected to the host (9). By means of the method and device, due to being free from the influence of initial fissures, acquired drill hole information is more accurate, thereby facilitating the accurate analysis of stope ground pressure and having a strong engineering application value.

Description

A method and device for collecting drilling information based on DIC technology

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of mining technology, in particular to a method and device for collecting borehole information based on DIC technology.

Background technique

In geological exploration, first-hand physical data of underground geology can be obtained by drilling holes, various geophysical information of rock and mineral layers can be obtained, and hydrogeological conditions of groundwater layers can be observed through drilling holes, and underground resource storage conditions can be explored. In the field of mining technology, the accurate collection of borehole data is of great significance to the analysis of stope and mine pressure. In the mining of minerals, the strength of the stope pressure is mainly determined by the step distance of the direct roof and the basic roof. The size of the pressure step is directly related to the lithology of the overlying strata, the fracture conditions and thickness of each strata. Regardless of the influence of other factors, the higher the lithological strength, the greater the thickness, and the greater the degree of rupture of the rock formation, the greater the pressure step and the more obvious the pressure in the mine. Therefore, in the analysis of stope and mine pressure, the key is to determine the thickness, lithological strength and fracture degree of the direct roof and the basic roof. At present, the rock layer is usually peeped and analyzed through a borehole spy instrument to infer the degree of breakage of the direct roof and the basic roof. However, this method cannot distinguish whether the broken crack is a primary fissure or an induced crack, and the rock mass cannot be accurately obtained. Strength and mechanical parameters, etc., which greatly affect the accuracy of mine pressure analysis in the stope.

technical problem

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method and device for collecting drilling information based on DIC technology. Because it is not affected by primary fissures, the collected drilling information is more accurate, which is helpful for mining Accurate analysis of field and mine pressure has strong engineering application value.

Technical solutions

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method for collecting borehole information based on DIC technology is to take a panoramic video of the borehole surveying on the surrounding rock of the roadway according to a certain period of time, and compare and analyze the borehole survey images at different times to obtain information that is not affected by the original cracks. Drilling information.

Further, it includes the following steps:

S1: Drill a certain depth of survey hole on the surrounding rock wall of the roadway;

S2, placing a panoramic camera at the bottom of the measuring hole to take a picture, and recording the panoramic image and the depth value of the panoramic camera in the measuring hole;

S3, moving the panoramic camera at a uniform speed outside the measuring hole along the central axis of the side hole, and simultaneously recording the panoramic image of each depth of the panoramic camera in the measuring hole and the corresponding depth value;

S4, processing the panoramic image and the corresponding depth value to obtain an expanded view of the drilling plane;

S5, after 22-26 hours, repeat steps S2-S4 to obtain a new drilling plan development plan, and proceed to the next step;

S6, use DIC software to analyze and calculate the two adjacent drilling plane expansion plans, if a new crack occurs, return to step S5, if no new crack occurs, go to the next step;

S7: Use the panoramic camera system to synthesize the three-dimensional histogram of the drilling plan view obtained each time, and use the DIC calculation and analysis software to analyze and calculate it to complete the acquisition of the drilling information.

Further, the analysis and calculation process of DIC software includes the following steps:

Step 1: Read the images before and after the deformation of the test object;

Step 2: De-distortion processing on the read photos;

Step 3: Perform image matching based on digital correlation coefficient;

Step 4: Calculate the displacement of pixels on the picture;

Step 5: Use the structure of calibrated pixel equivalent to obtain the actual deformation.

Further, the analysis and calculation in the step S7 is to measure the displacement change of the crack in the hole, calculate the strain and the fracture mechanics parameters related to the crack, so as to obtain the fracture degree of the overlying rock layer, the thickness of each rock layer, and analyze the crack development degree.

A drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology, comprising a measuring pole, a cable, a winch, a pulse generator, a host and a panoramic camera, the panoramic camera is fixedly arranged at one end of the measuring pole, and the panoramic camera is connected to the The host is connected by the cable, and the cable is wound on the drum of the winch, the winch can be used to trigger the pulse generator, and the pulse generator is electrically connected to the host.

Further, it also includes a fixing device. The fixing device includes a fixing device and a plurality of fixing rods. One end of the fixing rod is tapered, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the fixing device. A measuring rod, one end of the measuring rod away from the panoramic camera is fixedly connected to the holder.

Further, it also includes a washer, and one side surface of the washer is arranged in contact with the bottom surface of the holder.

Further, the panoramic camera includes a reflector, a CCD camera, and a magnetic compass, the reflector is a frustum structure, the center of the reflector is machined with a through hole, and the CCD camera is arranged on the reflector deviated to its small size. On one side of the diameter end, the magnetic compass is arranged on the side where the reflector is biased toward the large diameter end, and the CCD camera and the magnetic compass are both arranged directly opposite to the through hole.

Further, the panoramic camera further includes a light source, and the light source is arranged on a side of the reflector that is biased toward the small diameter end thereof.

Further, the panoramic camera further includes a light shield, which is used to prevent the light source from directly hitting the conical surface of the reflector.

Beneficial effect

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

This drilling information acquisition method based on DIC technology has accurate measurement, high precision, and reflects a large amount of information, and can conduct more in-depth analysis on the collected data. Compared with the prior art, this method carries out comparative analysis and calculation of the borehole survey before and after time, and eliminates the influence of the measurement results of the original cracks, and provides a reliable basis for the stability analysis and support design of the roadway.

This kind of drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology is used to realize the above-mentioned test method. Its main body is composed of measuring rod, cable, winch, pulse generator, host, panoramic camera and fixing device. The fixing device ensures the measurement result. Accuracy, the panoramic camera can be set to collect the panoramic image and orientation information of the depth value at the same time, and the pulse generator can be set to collect the depth information of the panoramic camera, and the host computer can perform image synthesis and calculation analysis. It has few components, simple structure, reasonable layout and convenient use.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a panoramic camera;

Figure 3 is an image processing flowchart;

Figure 4 is a flow chart of DIC technology image-related algorithms;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of related matching before and after deformation of the object in DIC technical analysis and calculation.

Embodiments of the invention

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

A method of collecting borehole information based on DIC technology is to take a panoramic camera of the borehole surveying on the surrounding rock of the roadway according to a certain period of time, and compare and analyze the borehole images at different times, which can be obtained without being affected by the original cracks Drilling information.

In specific implementation, the above method includes the following steps:

S1: Drill a certain depth of measuring hole on the surrounding rock wall of the roadway, and use a high-pressure gas pipe to extend into the bottom of the measuring hole to blow clean the debris and other impurities in the measuring hole to ensure the imaging effect.

S2, placing a panoramic camera at the bottom of the measuring hole to take a picture, and recording the panoramic image at the bottom of the measuring hole and the depth value of the panoramic camera located in the measuring hole.

S3, moving the panoramic camera at a uniform speed outside the measuring hole along the central axis of the side hole, and simultaneously recording the panoramic image of each depth of the panoramic camera in the measuring hole and the corresponding depth value.

S4, processing the panoramic image and the corresponding depth value, and obtaining the expanded view of the drilling plane through splicing.

S6, use DIC software to analyze and calculate the two adjacent drilling plane expansion plans. If a new crack occurs, return to step S5, obtain a new drilling plan expansion plan after another 22-26 hours and perform comparative analysis and calculation , Until no new cracks are produced, proceed to the next step.

The above-mentioned DIC calculation and analysis software system includes image acquisition control system, calibration system and post-processing system. The image acquisition control system is mainly responsible for the control of cameras and lighting devices, allowing users to customize the image acquisition mode (time, frequency, etc.); calibration system combination The calibration board can be used to effectively correct the image distortion and reduce the error of the measurement result; the post-processing system includes 2D and 3D analysis modules, which can independently create a coordinate system and calculate the displacement and displacement of points, lines, surfaces, and elements according to calculation needs. Strain, through post-processing, contour contours of displacement and strain can be drawn.

As shown in Figure 4, the analysis and calculation process of the above DIC software includes the following steps:

Step one, use the calibration board to calibrate;

Step 2: Read the images before and after the deformation of the test object, that is, read the before and after comparison images of the crack generation and crack development in the measuring hole;

Step 3: De-distortion processing on the read photos;

Step 4: Perform image matching based on digital correlation coefficient;

Step 5: Calculate the displacement of pixels on the picture;

Step 6: Use the structure of calibrated pixel equivalent to obtain the actual deformation.

The specific implementation process of the DIC software analysis and calculation is:

Create artificial speckles on the surface of the object or use the random spots on the surface of the object, and then use the image matching technology and registration algorithm to obtain the displacement field and strain field of the object surface through the two digital images before and after the deformation of the object. Figure 5 shows two digital images before and after the object is deformed. Generally, the digital image before the deformation is called the reference image I1, and the digital image after the deformation is the target image I2. Take a sub-region of n×n pixels in the reference image I1, and the center point of the sub-region is O. Assuming that the gray level of the sub-region before and after the deformation remains unchanged or linearly changes, by searching point by point, the sub-region with the largest correlation coefficient with the sub-region can be found in the transformed target image I2, and the center point of the sub-region is O' . The displacement of any point P (from the center point) in the reference image I1 satisfies under the simple strain state:

u(x,y)=u ₀ +Δxε _xx +Δyε _xy

v(x,y)=v ₀ +Δxε _yx +Δyε _yy

Where

ε _xx is the strain of Δx in the x direction,

ε _xy is the strain of Δy in the x direction.

ε _yx is the strain of Δx in the y direction,

ε _yy is the strain of Δy in the y direction.

Then the displacement field of the entire image can be obtained by moving the sub-region, and then the strain field of the entire image can be obtained by using the above formula.

As shown in Fig. 5, the process of searching for the two sub-regions with the largest correlation coefficient in the two images before and after the deformation is called the image registration process, and the function expressing the correlation coefficient is called the correlation function. According to the displacement changes of the images before and after deformation, the relationship curve between the development of rock mass cracks and time is drawn.

According to the relationship curve between the development of rock mass cracks and the above-mentioned time, the degree of crack development and rock strength can be judged. Under the condition that other factors remain unchanged, the faster the cracks develop, the lower the rock strength. The degree of fracture of the rock can be obtained by observing the development of the above-mentioned rock fractures. The more fractures the more the rock fractures. The rock layer is divided by the image taken by the panoramic camera, and the depth is recorded when shooting. The thickness of the rock layer can be obtained by subtracting the depth value of the upper and lower surface of the rock layer.

In summary, after analyzing and calculating by DIC software, the influence of primary fractures in the rock mass can be avoided. Combining it with the existing drilling camera technology can intuitively and effectively monitor the shape and occurrence of the internal cracks in the rock mass, and can calculate the strain and the fracture mechanics parameters related to the crack through the displacement change of the research object, so as to obtain The degree of fracture of the overlying strata, the thickness of each strata, analysis of the degree of crack development and lithology, etc.

As shown in Figure 1, a drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology includes a measuring pole 1, a cable 6, a winch 7, a pulse generator 8, a host 9 and a panoramic camera 10. Among them, the panoramic camera 10 is fixedly arranged at one end of the measuring pole 1, the panoramic camera 10 and the host 9 are connected by a cable 6, and the cable 6 is wound on the roller of the winch 7. The winch 7 can be used to trigger the pulse generator 8. 8 and 9 telecommunicating with host. The measuring rod 1 is used for sending the panoramic camera 10 into the measuring hole and driving the panoramic camera 10 to move along the center line of the measuring hole. The panoramic camera 10 is used to perform a panoramic camera in the measuring hole, and transmit data to the host 9 through the cable 6. In specific implementation, the cable 6 is wound on the drum of the winch 7. In implementation, the cable 6 uses a high-speed and high-strength special cable, which is driven by the winch 7, and the panoramic camera 10 is pulled through the cable 6 to complete the uniform movement in the above step S3. During the movement, the winch 7 rotates to trigger the pulse generator 8. The pulse generator 8 is composed of a measuring wheel, a photoelectric corner encoder, a depth signal acquisition board and an interface board. When the winch 7 rotates, the measuring wheel located on the winch 7 measures the position of the panoramic camera 10 in real time, and puts its depth value in the dedicated port of the host 9 through the interface board, and the image obtained by the camera is the same as the depth value. One is matched and transmitted to the main host 9 through the cable 6. The host 9 has the function of real-time viewing and recording of borehole images, including a panoramic borehole camera system and a computer equipped with DIC calculation and analysis software. When implemented, the panoramic camera system adopts a digital panoramic borehole camera system. The DIC calculation and analysis The software uses GOMcorrelateprofessional software, uses the panoramic camera system to synthesize the panoramic image and the compass azimuth image into the three-dimensional histogram of the borehole, and then uses the DIC software for calculation and analysis.

Further, it also includes a fixing device. The fixing device includes a retainer 4, a washer 2 and a plurality of fixed rods 3. One end of the fixed rod 3 is tapered, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the retainer 4, and one side of the washer 2 is connected to The bottom surface of the holder 4 is arranged in contact. The fixing device is installed on the open end of the measuring hole, and is used to realize the movement of the measuring rod 1 along the central axis of the measuring hole in the above step S3. The tapered end of the fixing rod 3 is inserted into the rock and soil layer for fixing the holder 4, and the washer 2 is arranged under the holder 4 to reduce the influence of shaking and other effects on the measuring rod 1 and ensure the accuracy of the image processed by the DIC technology.

In order to realize the movement of the panoramic camera 10 in the measurement and control, the measuring rod 1 and the holder 4 can be selected in various forms. For example, a guide hole is provided in the holder 4 so that the guide hole is aligned with the center line of the measuring hole, so that the measuring rod 1 is guided there. Sliding in the hole, etc. In this embodiment, the measuring rod 1 is a retractable measuring rod, and the end of the measuring rod 1 away from the panoramic camera 10 is fixedly connected with the holder 4, and the center of the holder 4 is provided with a through hole. The measuring rod 1 also uses a hollow rod, and the cable 6 Passing through the above-mentioned through hole and the measuring rod 1 makes the device simple in structure and reasonable in layout.

As shown in FIG. 2, the panoramic camera 10 includes a mirror 11, a CCD camera 13, and a magnetic compass 14. The mirror 11 is a frustum structure, the center of the mirror 11 is processed with a through hole, and the CCD camera 13 is arranged on the mirror 11 to deflect it. On the side of the small-diameter end, the magnetic compass 14 is arranged on the side of the reflector 11 that is biased toward the large-diameter end, and the CCD camera 13 and the magnetic compass 14 are both arranged facing the through hole. The light source 12 is also included, and the light source 12 is arranged on the side of the reflector 11 that is biased toward the small diameter end thereof. A light shield is provided outside the light source 12 to prevent the light source 12 from directly irradiating the conical surface of the reflector 11. After the panoramic camera extends into the measuring hole, the light source 12 illuminates the imaging area on the wall of the measuring hole, and forms images on the conical surface of the reflector 11 after reflection. The CCD camera can take a panoramic photo of the position of the panoramic camera 10. At the same time, the CCD camera can photograph the opposite magnetic compass through the through hole of the mirror 11 to determine the direction. Compared with a general panoramic camera, its structure is simple and easy to use. The panoramic camera 10 can collect the drilling plan and compass azimuth images at various depths, as shown in Figure 3, transmit the images at each depth to the host, and synthesize through the panoramic drilling camera system to obtain Three-dimensional histogram.

The device can be used to realize the above-mentioned method to collect drilling information. The accuracy of the measurement results is ensured by setting the fixer 4, the panoramic camera 10 is set to collect the panoramic image and the position information of the depth value at the same time, and the pulse generator can be set The depth information of the panoramic camera 10 is collected, and the host 9 performs image synthesis and calculation analysis. It has few components, simple structure, reasonable layout and convenient use.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as an exclusion of other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and It can be modified through the above teaching or technology or knowledge in related fields within the scope of the concept described herein. The modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

A method for collecting borehole information based on DIC technology, which is characterized in that, according to a certain period of time, a panoramic camera is taken of the borehole surveying on the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the borehole survey images at different times are compared, analyzed and calculated, and the original cracks are not affected. The impact of drilling information.
A method for collecting borehole information based on DIC technology according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1: Drill a certain depth of survey hole on the surrounding rock wall of the roadway;

S2, placing a panoramic camera at the bottom of the measuring hole to take a picture, and recording the panoramic image and the depth value of the panoramic camera in the measuring hole;

S3, moving the panoramic camera at a uniform speed outside the measuring hole along the central axis of the side hole, and simultaneously recording the panoramic image of each depth of the panoramic camera in the measuring hole and the corresponding depth value;

S4, processing the panoramic image and the corresponding depth value to obtain an expanded view of the drilling plane;

S5, after 22-26 hours, repeat steps S2-S4 to obtain a new drilling plan development plan, and proceed to the next step;

S6, use DIC software to analyze and calculate the two adjacent drilling plane expansion plans, if a new crack occurs, return to step S5, if no new crack occurs, go to the next step;

S7: Use the panoramic camera system to synthesize the three-dimensional histogram of the drilling plan view obtained each time, and use the DIC calculation and analysis software to analyze and calculate it to complete the acquisition of the drilling information.
The method for collecting borehole information based on DIC technology according to claim 2, wherein the analysis and calculation process of DIC software includes the following steps:

Step 1. Use the calibration board to calibrate;

Step 2: Read the images before and after the deformation of the test object;

Step 3: De-distortion processing on the read photos;

Step 4: Perform image matching based on digital correlation coefficient;

Step 5. Calculate the displacement of pixels on the picture;

Step 6. Use the structure of calibrated pixel equivalent to obtain the actual deformation.
The method for collecting drilling information based on DIC technology according to claim 2, wherein the analysis and calculation in step S7 is by measuring the displacement change of the crack in the hole to calculate the strain and fracture mechanics related to the crack. Parameters to obtain the degree of fracture of the overlying strata, the thickness of each strata, and analyze the degree of fracture development.
A drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology, which is characterized by comprising a measuring rod (1), a cable (6), a winch (7), a pulse generator (8), a host (9) and a panoramic camera (10) , The panoramic camera (10) is fixedly arranged at one end of the measuring pole (1), the panoramic camera (10) and the host (9) are connected by the cable (6), the cable (6) The winding is arranged on the drum of the winch (7), the winch (7) can be used to trigger the pulse generator (8), and the pulse generator (8) is electrically connected with the host (9).
The drilling information collection device based on DIC technology according to claim 5, further comprising a fixing device, the fixing device comprising a fixing device (4) and a plurality of fixing rods (3), the fixing rod (3) One end is tapered, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the holder (4). The measuring rod (1) is a telescopic measuring rod, and the measuring rod (1) is far away from the panoramic camera One end of (10) is fixedly connected with the holder (4).
The drilling information collection device based on DIC technology according to claim 6, characterized in that it further comprises a washer (2), one side of the washer (2) is in contact with the bottom surface of the holder (4) Set up.
The drilling information acquisition device based on DIC technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: 1 the panoramic camera (10) includes a mirror (11), a CCD camera (13) and a magnetic compass (14) The reflector (11) has a frustum structure, the center of the reflector (11) is processed with a through hole, and the CCD camera (13) is arranged on the side of the reflector (11) that is biased toward its small diameter end The magnetic compass (14) is arranged on the side of the reflector (11) that is biased toward its large diameter end, and the CCD camera (13) and the magnetic compass (14) are both arranged directly opposite to the through hole.
The drilling information collection device based on DIC technology according to claim 8, characterized in that the panoramic camera (10) further comprises a light source (12), and the light source (12) is arranged on the reflector ( 11) To the side of the small diameter end.
The drilling information collection device based on DIC technology according to claim 8, characterized in that, the panoramic camera (10) further comprises a light shield, and the light shield is used to prevent the light source (12) from directly irradiating the spot. The conical surface of the reflector (11).