WO2020197513A1 - A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide - Google Patents
A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020197513A1 WO2020197513A1 PCT/TH2020/000017 TH2020000017W WO2020197513A1 WO 2020197513 A1 WO2020197513 A1 WO 2020197513A1 TH 2020000017 W TH2020000017 W TH 2020000017W WO 2020197513 A1 WO2020197513 A1 WO 2020197513A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- carbon dioxide
- sodium bicarbonate
- sodium
- preparation
- solution
- Prior art date
Links
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 134
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 30
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009621 Solvay process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 chloro, bromo, iodo Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000013095 identification testing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydron;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(O)=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000295146 Gallionellaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003889 chemical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012994 industrial processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011165 process development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014214 soft drink Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/18—Preparation by the ammonia-soda process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D7/07—Preparation from the hydroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2002/00—Crystal-structural characteristics
- C01P2002/70—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
- C01P2002/72—Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of chemical and chemical engineering science in relation to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- a foaming agent in food and beverage industry such as soft drink production
- converting carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) to urea for agricultural purposes
- carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a reactant for the production of chemicals which could be a raw material for petrochemical industry.
- Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) or baking powder has white powder property. It is mostly found in a layer of rock in the ground and considered as a natural mineral. Usually, it has been used in food, animal feed, medical, and cleaning industries.
- Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCCfr) or baking powder can now be synthesized from a reaction between sodium ion (Na + ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) by a process known by those skilled in the art as Solvay process, which is found by Ernest Solvay, a Belgian chemical industrialist, in 1861.
- a US patent application, publication no. US2622004A, invention titled“Cyclic process for production of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride” describes a synthesis of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCCfr) from a process by which ammonia, water, sodium chloride (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) are used as a reactant at the preferred reaction temperature of 28 to 60 degree Celsius. This process always results in such by-product as ammonium chloride (NH 4 CI).
- the above-mentioned background of the invention obviously shows the development of a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) or baking powder from a reaction between sodium ions (Na f ) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which has been continually developed from the past until now.
- the present invention discloses the use of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), sodium carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) which is also known as soda ash or washing soda, and ammonia solution as a reactant for the preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) or baking powder at the atmospheric pressure and reaction temperature of less than 60 degree Celsius without by-products.
- the present invention relates to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), which comprises of the following steps: prepare sodium compound solution by dissolving sodium compound in deionized water; prepare ammonia solution by dissolving ammonia in deionized water; mix sodium compound solution and ammonia solution together at temperature- controlled conditions and release carbon dioxide into the mixture, resulting in sodium bicarbonate product with white solid property; filter the product out of the solution and wash it with organic solvent; and let it dry at room temperature.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- the objective of the present invention is to provide a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide with a simple and highly safe process, resulting in highly purified sodium bicarbonate at atmospheric pressure conditions and reaction temperature of less than 60 degree Celsius without by-products.
- the invention is applicable to industrial manufacturing, apt for using in other industries, and also reduces the emission and enhances the value of carbon dioxide from a natural gas separation process.
- Figure 1 shows x-ray diffraction patterns of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention at different concentration of reactive ammonia solution.
- Figure 2 shows a relation between a percentage of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention, and reaction time, comparing at the operating pressure of 1 bar and 1.3 bar.
- Figure 3 shows a relation between a percentage of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention, and operating pressure, comparing at the operating pressure of 1 -5 bar.
- the present invention relates to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) from carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). It starts from mixing sodium compound solution and ammonia solution; then causing a reaction between carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and a mixture of sodium compound and ammonia solution; and separating that prepared sodium bicarbonate solid product.
- the preparation process is as follows:
- A. Weigh a specified amount of sodium compound and dissolve it in deionized water wherein the sodium compound is chosen from either sodium carbonate (NaHCO 3 ) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or combination thereof.
- the preparation temperature of sodium compound is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
- the preparation temperature of ammonia solution is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
- C. Mix the substance obtained from A. and B. together until the final concentration of sodium compound and ammonia is desirable.
- the final concentration of mixed solution is between 1 to 10 mol/liter for sodium compound and 1 to 5 mol/liter for ammonia solution.
- D. Continuously release carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into the mixture obtained from C. to cause a reaction at proper duration, temperature, and pressure until having a white solid product.
- concentration of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) which is used as a reactant is between 99.5 to 99.9% by volume.
- the feeding rate is 0.1 to 0.5 liter/minute per total liquid volume of 0.2 liter; the operating pressure is between 1 to 5 bar; the preferred temperature is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius; and the preferred duration of feeding carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into the mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is between 1 to 10 hours.
- the white solid product obtained from D. will be filtered out of the solution by such method as filter paper until it is dry and wash it again with organic solvent. Let it dry at room temperature for 5 to 10 days and weigh it, wherein the organic solvent for washing the white solid product obtained from a reaction between carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is alcohol organic solvent, preferably ethanol. Then, perform identification test for sodium bicarbonate by analyzing its purity and crystal structure, using an analytical technique of x-ray diffraction (XRD) in comparison with a sodium bicarbonate standard material.
- XRD x-ray diffraction
- Percent yield 100* actual yield/theoretical yield wherein actual yield is the amount of product obtained from test or reaction and theoretical yield is the amount of product obtained from chemical equation of complete reaction.
- Percent yield is less than 100% since sodium bicarbonate product can partially dissolve in water. It is found that the solubility of sodium bicarbonate is 96 grams per 1 liter of water at the temperature of 20 degree Celsius, and also found incomplete reaction at test condition.
- Example 1 This example describes a preparation process of sodium bicarbonate solid product by a reaction between sodium carbonate (NaHCO 3 , ammonia solution, and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) at atmospheric pressure, and also describes a concentration result of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant per a prepared amount of sodium bicarbonate solid product as follows: Weigh sodium carbonate (NaHCO 3 63.6 grams and dissolve it in deionized water and prepare ammonia solution at the concentration of 0 to 3.72 mol/liter without deionized water.
- NaHCO 3 sodium carbonate
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- Example 2 A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the duration for feeding carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into a mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution, which is between 1 to 10 hours, providing test results as shown in Table 2.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- Example 3 A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a reactant, wherein, before the feeding of carbon dioxide, the final concentration of sodium ion in a mixed solution is 6 mol/liter. There is also a description of the concentration results of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant per the volume of prepared sodium bicarbonate solid product as shown in Table 3.
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- a preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the final concentration of ammonia in a mixed solution before the feeding of carbon dioxide, which is 1.59 mol/liter. Additionally, there is a comparison of the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as a reactive sodium compound at the final concentration of sodium icon before the feeding of carbon dioxide and ammonia into a mixture, which is 6 and 1.59 mol/liter respectively, providing test results as shown in Table 4.
- NaOH sodium hydroxide
- NaCl sodium chloride
- a preparation method is similar to those of Example 2 except the operating pressure of 1.3 bar under a pressure controllable container, providing test results as shown in Figure 2 which signifies increasing percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate when operating pressure is increasing.
- a preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the operating pressure of 1- 5 bar under a pressure controllable container, providing test results as shown in Figure 2 which signifies increasing percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate when operating pressure is significantly increasing from 1 to 3 bar and there is only a few changes of percent yield after the operating pressure is greater than 3 bar.
- a functional group is a specific group of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Examples of functional group include, but not limited to, alkane, alkene, alkyne, halo (fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo), hydroxy (OH), carbonyl (ketone), aldehyde (HCOR), ester (COOR), and carboxylate (COO-).
- Alcohol is an organic compound including at least one hydroxyl group. It might be monohydric alcohol including one -OH group, dihydric alcohol or diol including such two -OH groups as glycol, trihydric alcohol or triol including such three -OH as glycerol, polyhydric alcohol or polyol including three or more -OH groups.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide (CO2) comprises of the following steps: prepare sodium compound solution by dissolving sodium compound in deionized water; prepare ammonia solution by dissolving ammonia in deionized water; mix sodium compound solution and ammonia solution together at temperature-controlled conditions and release carbon dioxide into the mixture, resulting in sodium bicarbonate product with white solid property; filter the product out of the solution and wash it with organic solvent; and let it dry a room temperature.
Description
A PREPARATION OF SODIUM BICARBONATE FROM CARBON DIOXIDE
Field of the invention
The present invention relates to the field of chemical and chemical engineering science in relation to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide.
Background of the invention
Global warming is a current global issue which adversely affects humanity, animal, and environment. The issue is mainly caused by greenhouse gas, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), which results from human activities, e.g. waste incineration, cooking, and agriculture. However, carbon dioxide produced during industrial processing is a major cause of greenhouse gas.
To reduce the emission and enhance the value of carbon dioxide (CO2), there is a process development to make the most of it, e.g. using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a foaming agent in food and beverage industry such as soft drink production, converting carbon dioxide (CO2) to urea for agricultural purposes, and using carbon dioxide (CO2) as a reactant for the production of chemicals which could be a raw material for petrochemical industry.
Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or baking powder has white powder property. It is mostly found in a layer of rock in the ground and considered as a natural mineral. Mostly, it has been used in food, animal feed, medical, and cleaning industries. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCCfr) or baking powder can now be synthesized from a reaction between sodium ion (Na+) and carbon dioxide (CO2) by a process known by those skilled in the art as Solvay process, which is found by Ernest Solvay, a Belgian chemical industrialist, in 1861.
According to a patent database, there are some prior arts regarding a preparation of sodium bicarbonate as shown in the following examples.
A US patent application, publication no. US2622004A, invention titled“Cyclic process for production of sodium bicarbonate and ammonium chloride” describes a synthesis of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCCfr) from a process by which ammonia, water, sodium chloride (NaCl), and carbon dioxide (CO2) are used as a reactant at the preferred reaction temperature of 28 to 60 degree Celsius. This process always results in such by-product as ammonium chloride (NH4CI).
An international patent application, publication no. W02012050437A3, invention titled “Production of sodium bicarbonate from a basic process stream - treatment of a gas flow containing carbon dioxide obtained from burning at least one organic waste or feed stream, on the
one hand to produce sodium bicarbonate - quenching the gas flow using an alkaline aqueous liquid”; a European patent application, publication no. EP1858807A1, invention titled“Method for obtaining sodium carbonate crystals”; a Korean patent no. KR101571251B 1 ; a US patent application, publication no. US4405592A, invention titled“Process for producing anhydrous sodium carbonate crystal”; and a US patent application, publication no. US3751560A, invention titled“Multi-stage process for the preparation of sodium bicarbonate” describes a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or baking powder from a reaction between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Besides, a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or baking powder from a reaction between such reactants as sodium carbonate (NaHCO3, water, and carbon dioxide (CO2) is mentioned in the international journal, titled“CO2 capture and re-use at a waste incinerator”, published in Energy Procedia 86 (2016) 47-55 for the 8th academic conference of Trondheim Conference on Capture, Transport and Storage.
The above-mentioned background of the invention obviously shows the development of a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or baking powder from a reaction between sodium ions (Naf ) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which has been continually developed from the past until now. The present invention discloses the use of carbon dioxide (CO2), sodium carbonate (NaHCO3) which is also known as soda ash or washing soda, and ammonia solution as a reactant for the preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or baking powder at the atmospheric pressure and reaction temperature of less than 60 degree Celsius without by-products.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide (CO2), which comprises of the following steps: prepare sodium compound solution by dissolving sodium compound in deionized water; prepare ammonia solution by dissolving ammonia in deionized water; mix sodium compound solution and ammonia solution together at temperature- controlled conditions and release carbon dioxide into the mixture, resulting in sodium bicarbonate product with white solid property; filter the product out of the solution and wash it with organic solvent; and let it dry at room temperature.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide with a simple and highly safe process, resulting in highly purified sodium bicarbonate at atmospheric pressure conditions and reaction temperature of less than 60 degree Celsius without by-products. The invention is applicable to industrial manufacturing, apt for using
in other industries, and also reduces the emission and enhances the value of carbon dioxide from a natural gas separation process.
Brief description of the drawings
Figure 1 shows x-ray diffraction patterns of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention at different concentration of reactive ammonia solution.
Figure 2 shows a relation between a percentage of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention, and reaction time, comparing at the operating pressure of 1 bar and 1.3 bar.
Figure 3 shows a relation between a percentage of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), which can be produced when using a process according to the present invention, and operating pressure, comparing at the operating pressure of 1 -5 bar.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention relates to a preparation of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) from carbon dioxide (CO2). It starts from mixing sodium compound solution and ammonia solution; then causing a reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and a mixture of sodium compound and ammonia solution; and separating that prepared sodium bicarbonate solid product. The preparation process is as follows:
A. Weigh a specified amount of sodium compound and dissolve it in deionized water wherein the sodium compound is chosen from either sodium carbonate (NaHCO3) or sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or combination thereof. The preparation temperature of sodium compound is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
B. Weigh a specified amount of ammonia and dissolve it in deionized water. The preparation temperature of ammonia solution is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
C. Mix the substance obtained from A. and B. together until the final concentration of sodium compound and ammonia is desirable. Preferably, the final concentration of mixed solution is between 1 to 10 mol/liter for sodium compound and 1 to 5 mol/liter for ammonia solution.
D. Continuously release carbon dioxide (CO2) into the mixture obtained from C. to cause a reaction at proper duration, temperature, and pressure until having a white solid product.
Preferably, the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) which is used as a reactant is between 99.5 to 99.9% by volume.
For the feeding of carbon dioxide (CO2), which is used as a reactant, into the mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution, the feeding rate is 0.1 to 0.5 liter/minute per total liquid volume of 0.2 liter; the operating pressure is between 1 to 5 bar; the preferred temperature is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius; and the preferred duration of feeding carbon dioxide (CO2) into the mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is between 1 to 10 hours.
E. The white solid product obtained from D. will be filtered out of the solution by such method as filter paper until it is dry and wash it again with organic solvent. Let it dry at room temperature for 5 to 10 days and weigh it, wherein the organic solvent for washing the white solid product obtained from a reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is alcohol organic solvent, preferably ethanol. Then, perform identification test for sodium bicarbonate by analyzing its purity and crystal structure, using an analytical technique of x-ray diffraction (XRD) in comparison with a sodium bicarbonate standard material.
The product obtained from chemical reaction will be calculated into percent yield, based on the following equation:
Percent yield = 100* actual yield/theoretical yield wherein actual yield is the amount of product obtained from test or reaction and theoretical yield is the amount of product obtained from chemical equation of complete reaction.
Percent yield is less than 100% since sodium bicarbonate product can partially dissolve in water. It is found that the solubility of sodium bicarbonate is 96 grams per 1 liter of water at the temperature of 20 degree Celsius, and also found incomplete reaction at test condition.
One or more embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples of a preparation of sodium bicarbonate solid product according to the present invention. However, it is not intended to limit one or more embodiment of the present invention. The following examples are provided to show certain embodiment in terms of its function. It will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by certain embodiment illustrated in these examples.
Example 1
This example describes a preparation process of sodium bicarbonate solid product by a reaction between sodium carbonate (NaHCO3, ammonia solution, and carbon dioxide (CO2) at atmospheric pressure, and also describes a concentration result of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant per a prepared amount of sodium bicarbonate solid product as follows: Weigh sodium carbonate (NaHCO3 63.6 grams and dissolve it in deionized water and prepare ammonia solution at the concentration of 0 to 3.72 mol/liter without deionized water.
Mix those prepared sodium carbonate solution and ammonia solution together until the final mixed solution volume is 200 milliliters and the final concentration of mixed solution of sodium carbonate solution and ammonia solution is 3 and 2.66 mol/liter respectively. Then, release carbon dioxide with the concentration of 99.9% by volume into the mixed solution in an open container with the flow rate of 200 milliliters/minute to allow reactions for 5 hours at the temperature of 25 degree Celsius and atmospheric pressure until having a white solid product.
Filter the white solid product out of the solution by paper filter no. 1 until it is dry and wash it again with ethanol organic solvent. Then, let it dry at room temperature for 5-10 days to eliminate moisture.
Weigh the obtained white solid product for the calculation of percent yield. The result is shown in Table 1. Then, take the white solid product to perform identification test of sodium bicarbonate by using an analytical technique of x-ray diffraction in comparison with a sodium bicarbonate standard material, and a commercial sodium bicarbonate product. Table 1 The concentration results of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant per the percent yield
According to Table 1, it is found that an increasing concentration of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant significantly helps increase percent yield, and the proper concentration
of ammonia solution which is 2.66 mol/liter can increase percent yield of sodium bicarbonate solid product when there is no ammonia solution in the system from 21.85% to 38.13%.
Besides, an increasing concentration of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant does not affect product purity since unfamiliar peak is not found in synthesized samples when analyzing the obtained sodium bicarbonate solid product, using an analytical technique of x-ray diffraction. However, the peak intensity of synthesized sodium bicarbonate samples does not comply with a sodium bicarbonate standard material since the obtained product has different crystallography as shown in Figure 1.
Example 2 A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the duration for feeding carbon dioxide (CO2) into a mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution, which is between 1 to 10 hours, providing test results as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 The duration results for feeding carbon dioxide (CO2) into a mixture of sodium carbonate solution and ammonia solution per the percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate product
According to Table 2, it is found that an increasing reaction duration significantly increases percent yield of sodium bicarbonate solid product and there is only a few changes of percent yield after 5 hours, which signifies that the proper reaction duration for a synthesis of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide (CO2) is 5 hours. Example 3
A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as a reactant, wherein, before the feeding of carbon dioxide, the final concentration of sodium ion in a mixed solution is 6 mol/liter. There is also a description of the concentration results of ammonia solution which is used as a reactant per the volume of prepared sodium bicarbonate solid product as shown in Table 3.
Table 3 The concentration results of ammonia which is used as a reactant per the percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate solid product when using sodium hydroxide as a reactant
According to Table 3, it is found that the percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate significantly increases when there is ammonia in the system.
Example 4
A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the final concentration of ammonia in a mixed solution before the feeding of carbon dioxide, which is 1.59 mol/liter. Additionally, there is a comparison of the use of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium chloride (NaCl) as a reactive sodium compound at the final concentration of sodium icon before the feeding of carbon dioxide and ammonia into a mixture, which is 6 and 1.59 mol/liter respectively, providing test results as shown in Table 4.
Table 4 The results for each type of reactive sodium compound per the percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate at the final concentration, before the feeding of carbon dioxide, of sodium ion and ammonia solution in a mixed solution of 6 and 1.59 mol/liter
A preparation method is similar to those of Example 2 except the operating pressure of 1.3 bar under a pressure controllable container, providing test results as shown in Figure 2 which signifies increasing percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate when operating pressure is increasing.
Example 5
A preparation method is similar to those of Example 1 except the operating pressure of 1- 5 bar under a pressure controllable container, providing test results as shown in Figure 2 which signifies increasing percent yield of prepared sodium bicarbonate when operating pressure is significantly increasing from 1 to 3 bar and there is only a few changes of percent yield after the operating pressure is greater than 3 bar.
In many possible embodiments wherein the principle of disclosed invention might be used, the disclosed embodiment is only a preferred example of the invention and should not limit the scope of the invention.
An additional description of the following definition of terms and methods is provided to better describe disclosure of the present invention and to suggest those skilled in the art to apply the disclosure into practice.
Unless stated otherwise, the total amount of component, molecular weight, percentage, temperature, time, etc. as described in specifications or claims can be understood even modified by the word“approximately” unless implicitly or explicitly stated otherwise. Those mentioned numerical variable is an estimate that might be up to desirable properties and/or inspection limitations under a standard testing condition/method which can be understood by those skilled in the art when directly or explicitly distinguishing the embodiment from that previously described.
Unless described otherwise, all the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as that understood by those skilled in the art. Though similar or equivalent methods and materials described herein can be used for the practice or test of the present disclosure, preferred
method and material samples will be further described. The methods, materials, and samples show certain embodiment or do not intend for limitation purposes.
It would be obvious to those skilled in the art that a definition of terms might be combined to further describe a certain compound, e.g. group 7 of the periodic table is known by those skilled in the art as the halogens.
Certain atoms in the structure, e.g. carbon, hydrogen or hydrogen atom, are sometimes depicted in characters. For instance, -CH2CH2- will be understood by those skilled in the art that it is a general technique in chemical field to shorten and simplify the description of organic chemistry. A functional group is a specific group of atoms within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules. Examples of functional group include, but not limited to, alkane, alkene, alkyne, halo (fluoro, chloro, bromo, iodo), hydroxy (OH), carbonyl (ketone), aldehyde (HCOR), ester (COOR), and carboxylate (COO-).
Alcohol is an organic compound including at least one hydroxyl group. It might be monohydric alcohol including one -OH group, dihydric alcohol or diol including such two -OH groups as glycol, trihydric alcohol or triol including such three -OH as glycerol, polyhydric alcohol or polyol including three or more -OH groups.
Best mode of the invention
The best method of invention is as described in detailed description of the invention.
Claims
1. A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide comprises of the following steps: a. Prepare a solution of sodium compound by weighing a specified amount of sodium compound and dissolving it in deionized water.
b. Prepare ammonia solution by weighing a specified amount of ammonia and dissolving it in deionized water.
c. Mix the solution obtained from a. and b. together at temperature-controlled conditions wherein the final concentration of mixed solution is between 1 to 10 mol/liter for sodium compound and between 1 to 5 mol/liter for ammonia solution. d. Release carbon dioxide into the mixture obtained from c. at controlled conditions of flow rate, time, temperature, and pressure, resulting in sodium bicarbonate product with white solid property.
e. Filter the product obtained from d. out of solution and let it dry at room temperature.
2. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 wherein sodium compound is chosen from either sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide or combination thereof.
3. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 2 wherein the concentration of carbon dioxide is between 99.5 to 99.9% by volume.
4. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 3 wherein the rate for feeding carbon dioxide into the mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is 0.1 to 0.5 liter/minute per the total liquid amount of 0.2 liter.
5. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 4 wherein the preferred duration for feeding carbon dioxide into the mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is between 1 to 10 hours.
6. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 5 wherein the preferred temperature for the preparation of sodium compound, ammonia solution or during the feeding of carbon dioxide into a mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is between 20 to 60 degree Celsius.
7. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 6 wherein the preferred pressure during the feeding of carbon dioxide into a mixed solution of sodium compound and ammonia solution is between 1 to 5 bar.
8. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 7 wherein a filtration of sodium bicarbonate product out of solution additionally comprises of a product wash using organic solvent after the filtration.
9. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 8 wherein organic solvent is alcohol organic solvent.
10. The preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide according to claim 1 to 9 wherein the alcohol organic solvent is ethanol.
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| SG11202105804QA SG11202105804QA (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-03-20 | A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide |
| CN202080007076.0A CN113195408A (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-03-20 | Production of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide |
| EP20721849.6A EP3947285A1 (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-03-20 | A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide |
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| TH1903000753 | 2019-03-27 | ||
| TH1903000753U TH18361A3 (en) | 2019-03-27 | Preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide |
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| WO2020197513A1 true WO2020197513A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
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| PCT/TH2020/000017 WO2020197513A1 (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2020-03-20 | A preparation of sodium bicarbonate from carbon dioxide |
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| EP (1) | EP3947285A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN113195408A (en) |
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| WO (1) | WO2020197513A1 (en) |
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- 2020-03-20 EP EP20721849.6A patent/EP3947285A1/en active Pending
- 2020-03-20 CN CN202080007076.0A patent/CN113195408A/en active Pending
- 2020-03-20 SG SG11202105804QA patent/SG11202105804QA/en unknown
- 2020-03-20 WO PCT/TH2020/000017 patent/WO2020197513A1/en unknown
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| EP3947285A1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
| SG11202105804QA (en) | 2021-06-29 |
| CN113195408A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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