WO2020191912A1 - 导光板及背光模组 - Google Patents

导光板及背光模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020191912A1
WO2020191912A1 PCT/CN2019/087970 CN2019087970W WO2020191912A1 WO 2020191912 A1 WO2020191912 A1 WO 2020191912A1 CN 2019087970 W CN2019087970 W CN 2019087970W WO 2020191912 A1 WO2020191912 A1 WO 2020191912A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide plate
light guide
light
hole
particles
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/087970
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱丽琼
梅新东
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US16/494,840 priority Critical patent/US20210333462A1/en
Publication of WO2020191912A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020191912A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0043—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided on the surface of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/004—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles
    • G02B6/0041—Scattering dots or dot-like elements, e.g. microbeads, scattering particles, nanoparticles provided in the bulk of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
    • G02B6/0045—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it by shaping at least a portion of the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0081—Mechanical or electrical aspects of the light guide and light source in the lighting device peculiar to the adaptation to planar light guides, e.g. concerning packaging
    • G02B6/0086—Positioning aspects
    • G02B6/009—Positioning aspects of the light source in the package
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a light guide plate and a backlight module.
  • the main technical method is hole drilling technology, that is, the module is adjusted in the camera area. Perform digging. By digging holes, although the problem of the camera can be solved, because part of the film layer of the module is dug out, the display brightness of the dug out area will be reduced when the screen is displayed, and the display cannot be transparent, and the display effect will be worse. , Affect user experience.
  • the present disclosure provides a light guide plate and a backlight module.
  • the camera area cannot be displayed transparently, and at the same time, the display brightness of the digging area is low, and the display effect is not ideal.
  • a light guide plate including:
  • a through hole, the through hole is provided on the light guide plate body
  • the light guide plate body includes a first light exit surface, the first light exit surface is a side wall surrounding the through hole, and the first light exit surface is a special-shaped surface;
  • the special-shaped surface is a quadric surface, and the curvature of the upper end of the quadric surface is greater than the curvature of the lower end of the quadric surface.
  • the through hole is a tapered hole, and the cross section of the first light exit surface is an inclined plane.
  • the special-shaped surface is a free-form curved surface
  • the free-form curved surface is a convex-concave curved surface
  • the special-shaped surface is a quadric surface, and the curvature of each part of the quadric surface along the side wall from top to bottom is different.
  • the light guide plate further includes particles, the particles are transparent silicon oxide particles, and the particles are arranged in the light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate further includes a camera device, and the camera device is disposed in the through hole.
  • the height of the camera device is not greater than the height of the through hole.
  • a light guide plate including: a light guide plate body;
  • a through hole, the through hole is provided on the light guide plate body
  • the light guide plate body includes a first light exit surface, the first light exit surface is a side wall surrounding the through hole, and the first light exit surface is a special-shaped surface.
  • the through hole is a tapered hole, and the cross section of the first light exit surface is an inclined plane.
  • the special-shaped surface is a free-form curved surface
  • the free-form curved surface is a convex-concave curved surface
  • the special-shaped surface is a quadric surface, and the curvature of each part of the quadric surface along the side wall from top to bottom is different.
  • the light guide plate further includes particles, the particles are transparent silicon oxide particles, and the particles are arranged in the light guide plate body.
  • a backlight module including:
  • a light guide plate the light guide plate includes a light guide plate body and a through hole, the through hole is provided on the light guide plate body;
  • optical film the optical film being arranged on the light guide plate
  • a display screen, the display screen is arranged on the optical film
  • a frame the light source is arranged on the side of the frame, and is used to provide a light source for the light guide plate, the frame is arranged on the outside of the light guide plate to fix the light guide plate;
  • the light guide plate body includes a first light exit surface, the first light exit surface is a side wall surrounding the through hole, and the first light exit surface is a special-shaped surface.
  • the display screen includes a first display area and a second display area, the first display area and the second display area are arranged adjacent to each other, and the through hole is arranged in the first display area. Area.
  • the backlight module further includes a camera device, and the camera device is disposed in the through hole.
  • the height of the camera device is not greater than the height of the through hole.
  • the through hole is a tapered hole, and the cross section of the first light exit surface is an inclined plane.
  • the special-shaped surface is a free-form curved surface
  • the free-form curved surface is a convex-concave curved surface
  • the special-shaped surface is a quadric surface, and the curvature of each part of the quadric surface along the side wall from top to bottom is different.
  • the backlight module further includes particles, the particles are transparent silicon oxide particles, and the particles are arranged in the light guide plate body.
  • the present disclosure provides a new light guide plate structure, backlight module and display panel.
  • the display area corresponding to the camera can achieve a transparent display, and the display brightness of the display area that has been drilled is not reduced, which is conducive to the realization of a narrow frame design, and at the same time, it increases the screen occupancy of the display panel Compared with, improve the display effect of the display panel.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the digging area in the existing mobile phone design
  • FIG. 2 is a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of light propagation in the backlight module of the disclosed embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another light guide plate structure according to the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a light guide plate according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hole-digging area in an existing mobile phone design.
  • the display screen 100 includes a first display area 103, a second display area 104, a through hole 101 and a camera 102. Among them, the first display area 103 and the second display area 104 are arranged adjacently.
  • the first display area 103 is the digging area of the mobile phone. For the beautiful screen design, the first display area 103 can be arranged at one end of the mobile phone display. Or set the first display area 103 near the side frame of the mobile phone, which is more conducive to realizing a full screen.
  • the imaging device 102 may be disposed inside the through hole 101, and the height of the imaging device 102 is not greater than the hole height of the through hole 101.
  • FIG. 2 is the backlight module provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the backlight module shown includes a frame 200, a light guide plate 201, an optical film 202, and a light-emitting source 203.
  • the optical film 202 is arranged on the light guide plate 201
  • the light-emitting source 203 is arranged on the side of the frame 200 so that The mobile phone is lighter and thinner.
  • the light source 203 provides a light source for the backlight module.
  • the frame 200 is arranged on the outer side of the light guide plate 201 to fix the light guide plate 201 and other components.
  • the first light-emitting surface 205 is a side wall surrounding the through hole 206.
  • the through hole 206 is provided on the light guide plate 201.
  • the optical film 202 and the through hole 206 Corresponding positions are also dug holes for installation of camera devices.
  • the first light-emitting surface 205 is configured as a special-shaped surface.
  • the backlight module of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes a number of particles 204, the particles 204 are arranged in the light guide plate 201, and can be specifically distributed in the lower end surface close to the light guide plate 201, and these particles 204 can be incident under the light guide plate 201
  • the light in the end surface is reflected or scattered, and the propagation route of the light is changed, so that as much light as possible is transmitted to the through hole 206 area of the light guide plate 201, and the brightness of the through hole 206 area is improved, that is, the first display area
  • the intensity of the light thereby improving the display effect of the first display area.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the propagation of light in the backlight module of the disclosed embodiment.
  • the backlight module of the embodiment of the disclosure includes a frame body 300, a light guide plate 301, an optical film 302, a display screen 305 and a cover glass 307.
  • the above-mentioned components are arranged in sequence from bottom to top, wherein a liquid crystal 306 is arranged in the display screen 305, and the display screen 305 is a transparent display screen.
  • Particles 304 are also provided in the light guide plate 301, and the particles 304 reflect or scatter the light incident on the light guide plate 301 again.
  • the particles 304 can also be reflectors, transparent silicon oxide particles, or other light-reflecting or Scattering matter.
  • the light guide plate 301 When the light 303 emitted by the light source enters the light guide plate 301, because the light guide plate 301 has particles 304, when the light 303 reaches the particles 304, the light is reflected. When the reflected light again enters the first light-emitting surface of the through hole, After passing through the refraction of the first light-emitting surface, such as refracting light 3031, it can enter the through hole area and be transmitted to the display screen 305 again, that is, the light inside the light guide plate 301 is transmitted to the first display area. In order to improve the display brightness in the through hole area and the first display area, the display effect is improved.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a light guide plate according to an embodiment of the disclosure. Since the hole-digging technology is performed in the first display area of the display panel, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, in order to make as much light as possible to enter the through-hole area in the first display area again, the light guide plate When setting, the through hole is set as a tapered hole. From the cross-sectional view of the through hole, that is, the end of the through hole and the bottom of the through hole have a certain angle, and the cross section of the first light exit surface is an inclined plane.
  • FIG 4 it is a schematic diagram of the structure of part of the light guide plate.
  • the light guide plate 400 has an inclination angle 402, and the angle of the inclination angle 402 is not greater than 90°.
  • the light 401 emitted by the light source enters the light guide plate 400, the light 401 will be reflected and refracted, such as the light 403 on the upper surface of the light guide plate and the light 404 on the first light-emitting surface.
  • a part of the light enters the film layer on the light guide plate 401 after refraction, and the other part of the light enters the first light exit surface after multiple reflections, and is on the first light exit surface.
  • the upward refraction forms a light ray 4031.
  • the light 4031 enters the through hole area and enters the first display area, so that more light in the light guide plate 400 enters the panel, which improves the brightness of the display area.
  • the function of transparent display in the first display area is realized.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light guide plate according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the irregular surface 505 in the light guide plate 500 is a quadric surface.
  • the curvature of each part of the quadric surface along the side wall of the through hole from top to bottom is different.
  • the upper end of the irregular surface 505 The curvature is greater than the lower end.
  • the light 501 enters the light guide plate 500, after multiple reflections and refractions, the light 503 and the light 504 on the special-shaped surface 505 can enter the through hole area and the first display area to increase the brightness of the first display area.
  • the transparent display function can be realized in this area.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light guide plate according to another embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the first light-emitting surface 605 of the light guide plate 600 is a free-form surface, that is, the special-shaped surface is a free-form surface.
  • the free-form surface is set as a plurality of concave and convex curved surfaces.
  • the first light-emitting surface 605 is set as a free-form surface, so that the light can be reflected or refracted multiple times in the free-form surface, so that as much light as possible enters the first display area, and ensures the light distribution in the first display area brightness.
  • the angle 602 can be specifically adjusted according to the size of the display screen, so as to adjust the brightness of the light in the digging area to ensure the uniformity of the screen brightness.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display device 700 includes the backlight module 701 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight module 701 also includes the light guide plate provided by the embodiment of the disclosure.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)

Abstract

一种导光板(201,301,400,500,600)，包括导光板本体及通孔(206)，导光板本体还包括第一出光面(205,605)，第一出光面(205,605)为环绕通孔(206)的侧壁，第一出光面(205,605)设置为异形面(505)，异形面(505)具体的可设置为斜平面、二次曲面及自由曲面。发光源(203)发出的光线经过导光板(201,301,400,500,600)后，更多的光线入射到显示面板的通孔(206)及挖孔区域中，同时，还可对第一出光面(205,605)进行调整，保证显示区内光线强度的一致性。

Description

导光板及背光模组 技术领域
本揭示涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种导光板及背光模组。
 背景技术
近年来，随着各种智能显示设备的飞速发展，尤其是手机等移动设备的快速发展，其设备的显示面板的屏幕尺寸和屏占比也越来越大。
但是，对于手机设备而言，由于手机摄像头及话筒的存在，还不能完全实现从窄边框到全面屏的转换。为了尽可能的实现最大的屏占比，同时解决传统背光板透明度低的问题，以及实现手机摄像头区域透明显示的效果，目前，主要的技术方法为挖孔技术，即在摄像头的区域对模组进行挖孔。通过挖孔，虽然能够解决摄像头的问题，但是，由于将模组的部分膜层挖去，屏幕在显示时，被挖去的区域的显示亮度就会降低，无法透明显示，显示效果也变差，影响用户使用感受。
因此需要对现有技术中的问题提出解决方法。
 技术问题
综上所述，现有的显示模组在进行挖孔技术处理时，存在着被挖孔的区域的显示亮度降低，显示效果变差，同时，模组中的背光板的透明度不高等问题，需要进一步的解决与完善。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述问题，本揭示提供一种导光板及背光模组。以解决现有技术中，摄像头区域不能透明显示，同时，挖孔区域的显示亮度低，显示效果不理想的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本揭示实施例提供的技术方案如下：
根据本揭示实施例的第一方面，提供了一种导光板，包括：
导光板本体；
通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面；
所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面的上端的曲率大于所述二次曲面的下端的曲率。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿所述侧壁从上至下各部分的曲面曲率不同。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述导光板还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板内。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述导光板还包括摄像装置，所述摄像装置设置在所述通孔内。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述摄像装置的高度不大于所述通孔的高度。
根据本揭示实施例的第二方面，还提供一种导光板，包括：导光板本体；以及
通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿所述侧壁从上至下各部分的曲面曲率不同。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述导光板还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板本体内。
根据本揭示实施例的第三方面，提供一种背光模组，包括：
导光板，所述导光板包括导光板本体及通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
光学膜片，所述光学膜片设置在所述导光板上；
显示屏，所述显示屏设置在所述光学膜片上；
发光源；以及
框体，所述发光源设置在所述框体侧边上，用于为所述导光板提供光源，所述框体设置于所述导光板外侧，固定所述导光板；
其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述显示屏包括第一显示区和第二显示区，所述第一显示区和所述第二显示区相邻设置，所述通孔设置在所述第一显示区内。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述背光模组还包括摄像装置，所述摄像装置设置在所述通孔内。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述摄像装置的高度不大于所述通孔的高度。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿所述侧壁从上至下各部分的曲面曲率不同。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述背光模组还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板本体内。
 有益效果
综上所述，本揭示实施例的有益效果为：
本揭示提供一种新的导光板结构、背光模组及显示面板。当显示面板上的摄像头不工作时，摄像头对应的显示区域能够实现透明显示，并且，被挖孔的显示区域的显示亮度不降低，有利于实现窄边框的设计，同时，提高显示面板的屏占比，提高显示面板的显示效果。
 附图说明
图1为现有手机设计中挖孔区域示意图；
图2为本揭示实施例提供的背光模组；
图3为本揭示实施例的背光模组中光线的传播示意图；
图4为本揭示一实施例的导光板结构示意图；
图5为本揭示实施例又一导光板结构示意图；
图6为本揭示另一实施例的导光板结构示意图；
图7为本揭示实施例提供的显示装置示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本揭示可用以实施的特定实施例。
随着手机性能的不断升级，对手机显示屏幕性能的要求也越来越高，如屏占比、显示效果等参数均提出了更高的要求。屏占比最大化就需要手机的正面显示屏幕上的几乎每一个区域都能实现显示功能。但是，在设计时，对模组进行了挖孔技术处理，挖设的通孔以便安装摄像装。这一区域中，往往存在着透明度不高，显示效果不理想等问题。
在本揭示的实施例中，具体的，如图1所示，图1为现有手机设计中挖孔区域示意图。显示屏100包括：第一显示区103、第二显示区104，以及通孔101和摄像装置102。其中，第一显示区103与第二显示区104相邻设置，第一显示区103即为手机的挖孔区域，为了屏幕设计的美观，可以将第一显示区103设置在手机显示屏的一端部，或者将第一显示区103设置在靠近手机的侧边框处位置，这样更有利于实现全面屏。摄像装置102可设置在通孔101内部，并且摄像装置102的高度不大于通孔101的孔高。
为了解决第一显示区103的显示问题，本揭示实施例提供了一种新型背光模组，具体的，如图2所示，图2为本揭示实施例提供的背光模组。所示背光模组包括框体200、导光板201及光学膜片202和发光源203，光学膜片202设置在导光板201上，发光源203设置在所述框体200的侧边上，使手机更加的轻薄，发光源203为背光模组提供光源，所述框体200设置在导光板201的外侧，以对导光板201及其他组件进行固定。
其中，还包括通孔206及第一出光面205，第一出光面205为环绕所述通孔206的侧壁，通孔206设置在导光板201上，所述光学膜片202与通孔206相对应的位置也被挖孔，以便安装摄像装置。所述第一出光面205设置为异形面。
本揭示实施例的背光模组还包括若干粒子204，所述粒子204设置在导光板201内，具体的可分布在靠近导光板201的下端面内，这些粒子204能将入射到导光板201下端面内的光线进行反射或者是散射，改变光线的传播路线，使光尽可能多的都传输到导光板201的通孔206区域内，提高通孔206区域的光亮度，即第一显示区内的光线强度，进而提高第一显示区的显示效果。
具体的，如图3所示，图3为本揭示实施例的背光模组中光线的传播示意图。本揭示实施例的背光模组包括框体300、导光板301、光学膜片302、显示屏305及盖板玻璃307。上述各器件自下而上依次设置，其中，在显示屏305内布置液晶306，显示屏305为透明显示屏。在导光板301内还设置有粒子304，粒子304对入射到导光板301的光再次反射或散射，所述粒子304还可以为反光片、透明的氧化硅颗粒，或其他能对光进行反射或散射的物质。
当由光源发射的光线303入射到导光板301内时，由于导光板301存在粒子304，当光线303到达粒子304时，光线发生反射，在反射光线再次入射到通孔的第一出光面时，会经过第一出光面的折射，如折射光线3031，进而能够进入到通孔区域内，并再次传输到显示屏305内，即实现了将导光板301内部的光传输到第一显示区内，以提高通孔区和第一显示区内的显示亮度，提高了显示效果。
具体的，如图4所示，图4为本揭示实施例的导光板示意图。由于在显示面板的第一显示区中进行了挖孔技术处理，因此，本揭示实施例中，为了能使光线尽可能多的再次入射到第一显示区内的通孔区，在对导光板进行设置时，所述通孔设置为锥形孔，从该通孔的截面图来看，即通孔端部与通孔的底部具有一定的角度，第一出光面的截面为一斜平面。
如图4中，为部分导光板的结构示意图。导光板400中，具有倾斜角402，倾斜角402的角度不大于90°。当发光源发出的光线401进入到导光板400中后，光线401会发生反射及折射，如导光板上表面的光线403、第一出光面的光线404。其中在导光板401的上部a点处，一部分光线经过折射进入到导光板401之上的膜层内，另一部分光线会经过多次反射后进入到第一出光面上，并在第一出光面上折射形成光线4031。光线4031会进入到通孔区域，并入射到第一显示区内，从而导光板400中有更多的光线进入到面板中，提高了显示区域的亮度。当第一显示区内的摄像装置不工作时，实现第一显示区域透明显示的功能。
优选的，如图5所示，图5为本揭示又一实施例的导光板结构示意图。本揭示实施例中，导光板500中的异形面505为一二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿着通孔的侧壁从上至下的各部分曲面的曲率各不相同，异形面505上端的曲率比下端要大。
在光线501入射到导光板500内时，经过多次反射及折射，光线503及异形面505上的光线504均可进入到通孔区和第一显示区，以提高第一显示区的亮度，当通孔区内的摄像装置不工作时，该区域内能实现透明显示功能。
优选的，如图6所示，图6为本揭示另一实施例的导光板结构示意图。本揭示实施例中，导光板600中的第一出光面605为一自由曲面，即异形面为自由曲面，在设置所述自由曲面时，将自由曲面设置为若干个凹凸起伏状的曲面。同理，当光线601入射到导光板600内时，会在导光板600及第一出光面605内经过多次反射和折射，出射光线603及604均会入射到通孔区和第一显示区内。将第一出光面605设置成自由曲面，这样光线在所述自由曲面内也能多次反射或折射，使得光线能尽可能多的入射到第一显示区内，保证第一显示区内光线的亮度。其中，角度602可根据显示屏幕的大小具体进行调节，进而调整挖孔区域的光线亮度，保证屏幕亮度的均一性。
本揭示实施例还提供一种显示装置。如图7所示，图7为本揭示实施例提供的显示装置示意图。显示装置700中包括有本揭示实施例提供的背光模组701。其中在所述背光模组701内还包括本揭示实施例提供的导光板。
以上对本揭示实施例所提供的一种导光板、背光模组和显示装置进行了详细介绍，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本揭示的技术方案及其核心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本揭示各实施例的技术方案的范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种导光板，包括：
    导光板本体；以及
    通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
    其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面；
    所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面的上端的曲率大于所述二次曲面的下端的曲率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，其中所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板本体内。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的导光板，还包括摄像装置，所述摄像装置设置在所述通孔内。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的导光板，其中所述摄像装置的高度不大于所述通孔的高度。
  7. 一种导光板，包括：
    导光板本体；以及
    通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
    其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的导光板，其中所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的导光板，其中所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的导光板，其中所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿所述侧壁从上至下各部分的曲面曲率不同。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的导光板，还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板本体内。
  12. 一种背光模组，包括：
    导光板，所述导光板包括导光板本体及通孔，所述通孔设置在所述导光板本体上；
    光学膜片，所述光学膜片设置在所述导光板上；
    显示屏，所述显示屏设置在所述光学膜片上；
    发光源；以及
    框体，所述发光源设置在所述框体侧边上，用于为所述导光板提供光源，所述框体设置于所述导光板外侧，固定所述导光板；
    其中，所述导光板本体包括第一出光面，所述第一出光面为环绕所述通孔的侧壁，且所述第一出光面为异形面。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中所述显示屏包括第一显示区和第二显示区，所述第一显示区和所述第二显示区相邻设置，所述通孔设置在所述第一显示区内。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，还包括摄像装置，所述摄像装置设置在所述通孔内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的背光模组，其中所述摄像装置的高度不大于所述通孔的高度。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中所述通孔为锥形孔，所述第一出光面的截面为斜平面。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中所述异形面为自由曲面，所述自由曲面为凸凹状曲面。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中所述异形面为二次曲面，所述二次曲面沿所述侧壁从上至下各部分的曲面曲率不同。
  19. 根据权利要求12所述的背光模组，其中所述导光板还包括粒子，所述粒子为透明的氧化硅粒子，所述粒子设置在所述导光板本体内。
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