WO2020182532A1 - Onduleur comportant plusieurs convertisseurs cc/ca et un filtre sinusoïdal commun et installation de production d'énergie équipée d'un tel onduleur - Google Patents

Onduleur comportant plusieurs convertisseurs cc/ca et un filtre sinusoïdal commun et installation de production d'énergie équipée d'un tel onduleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020182532A1
WO2020182532A1 PCT/EP2020/055497 EP2020055497W WO2020182532A1 WO 2020182532 A1 WO2020182532 A1 WO 2020182532A1 EP 2020055497 W EP2020055497 W EP 2020055497W WO 2020182532 A1 WO2020182532 A1 WO 2020182532A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inverter
phase
webs
converters
input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/055497
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Rigbers
Dirk Hermeling
Original Assignee
Sma Solar Technology Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sma Solar Technology Ag filed Critical Sma Solar Technology Ag
Publication of WO2020182532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020182532A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • H02M1/126—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output using passive filters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/38—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings
    • H01F27/385—Auxiliary core members; Auxiliary coils or windings for reducing harmonics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F37/00—Fixed inductances not covered by group H01F17/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0064—Magnetic structures combining different functions, e.g. storage, filtering or transformation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inverter with several DC / AC converters which are connected on the output side to a common sinusoidal filter.
  • the invention also relates to a power generation system with such an inverter.
  • Inverters that are used to convert larger powers often include several DC / AC converters that are connected on the output side to one output of the inverter. On the input side, the DC / AC converters can be connected to a shared or separate DC voltage source. The entire power flow of the inverter is thus divided among the power flows through the individual DC / AC converters, whose phase conductors are each connected to a common phase connection of the inverter.
  • the DC / AC converters include semiconductor switches which, depending on the power, are usually clocked at a frequency of 3 kHz to 150 kHz. The converted sinusoidal alternating voltage is therefore initially superimposed by an undesired clock-frequency interference signal.
  • inverters To filter the clock-frequency interference signal, inverters usually contain a so-called sine filter, which is usually designed as an LC filter or as an LCL filter and includes inductive and capacitive components.
  • the required installation space as well as the costs of a sinusoidal filter scale with the output of the DC / AC converter. It is therefore desirable to make the sine filter as compact as possible.
  • a circulating current between the DC / AC converters is reduced as much as possible, ideally completely suppressed.
  • One means of suppressing the circulating current is synchronous clocking of semiconductor switches in the individual DC / AC converters. However, the synchronous clocking leads to an increased clock frequency interference signal at the phase connections of the inverter due to superposition.
  • an inductor arrangement with at least three magnetic loops arranged next to one another in a row is known. Each of the magnetic loops is assigned at least one winding.
  • the magnetic loops are formed by individual and shared core elements. Each of the individual core elements is part of only one of the magnetic loops, while each of the common core elements is part of two adjacent magnetic loops.
  • the document WO 2017 063889 A1 discloses a three-phase inverter with two half-bridges clocked out of phase with one another for each phase connection of the inverter, which are connected on the output side to the common phase connection via an inductor arrangement.
  • the inductor arrangement comprises a magnetic core with a middle leg and three phase legs, which are each magnetically connected to the middle leg by an upper bridge and a lower bridge.
  • a center point of each phase leg is magnetically connected to a center point of the center leg via a shunt element with a gap.
  • An upper and a lower inductor coil are arranged on each phase leg.
  • a second connection of the upper inductor coil and a third connection of the lower inductor coil are connected to a common phase connection.
  • a first connection of the upper inductor coil is connected to the output of the first half-bridge, a fourth output of the lower inductor coil is connected to the output of the second half-bridge.
  • the upper and lower inductor coils of a phase leg have opposite winding directions from a connection connected to the half-bridge in the direction of a connection connected to the phase connection.
  • One design of the inductor arrangement is star-shaped and extended in all three dimensions.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying an inverter with several DC / AC converters and a sinusoidal filter with the most compact and inexpensive design possible.
  • a design that is as flat as possible is to be specified for a throttle arrangement of the sinusoidal filter, which is as small as possible in at least one dimension. It is also an object of the invention to provide a power generation system with such an inverter. solution
  • the object is achieved with an inverter having the features of independent claim 1.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the inverter are given in claims 2 to 18.
  • the object of showing a power generation system with such an inverter is achieved with the features of the independent claim 19.
  • An inverter is designed and set up for converting direct voltage of at least one direct voltage source into alternating voltage and comprises:
  • each phase connection is electrically connected to a corresponding phase conductor of each DC / AC converter via an inductor winding of the inductor arrangement.
  • the inverter is characterized in that the choke arrangement has m * n choke windings and a magnetic core with n transverse webs and two outer longitudinal webs. On each of the n transverse webs, m inductor windings are arranged next to one another. Those of the m * n inductor windings that are connected to the same phase connection are each arranged on the same transverse web.
  • the magnetic core includes one or more inner longitudinal webs.
  • the inner longitudinal webs each run between inductor windings and arranged next to one another on the transverse webs connect the n cross webs there.
  • the magnetic core can comprise m-1 inner longitudinal webs, where m corresponds to the number of DC / AC converters.
  • a choke winding can only have one turn, but it usually contains several turns.
  • at least the inductor windings arranged on the same of the transverse webs have the same winding direction starting from their first connection, which is connected to one of the phase conductors of one of the DC / AC converters, in the direction of their second connection, which is connected to the respective phase connection of the inverter around the same of the transverse webs.
  • all inductor windings even if they are arranged on different transverse webs, have the same winding direction, starting from their respective first connection, which is connected to one of the phase conductors of one of the DC / AC converters, in the direction of their respective second connection that is connected to the respective phase connection of the inverter.
  • the invention uses the effect that, when the inverter is in operation, all magnetic fluxes that are assigned to the same phase connection of the inverter are structurally superimposed within the corresponding transverse web.
  • the various transverse webs are connected to one another on the one hand via the two outer longitudinal webs and on the other hand via the one or more inner longitudinal webs. If the magnetic core has a total of m-1 inner longitudinal webs, the various transverse webs are connected to one another on the one hand via the two outer longitudinal webs and on the other hand via the m-1 inner longitudinal webs.
  • the internal longitudinal webs provide a path for a magnetic flux, which results from an asymmetrical load on the phase connections and / or from asymmetrical or uneven power flows through the DC / AC converter.
  • the internal longitudinal web or the internal longitudinal webs thus also allow a non-symmetrical load condition of the inverter, both with regard to one Power flow through each of its phase connections as well as with regard to the power flows through its DC / AC converter.
  • This asymmetrical load condition which occurs with different power flows over each of the phase connections and / or over each of the DC / AC converters, cannot, at least not sufficiently, be guaranteed with a magnetic core without internal longitudinal webs. Rather, a magnetic core without internal longitudinal webs allows only a slight deviation - if at all - from an idealized symmetrical load condition.
  • the idealized symmetrical load condition only occurs relatively sporadically in normal operation of the inverter, a restriction to only this load condition would be extremely disadvantageous for the use of the inverter.
  • the effect of the internal longitudinal webs on the distribution of the magnetic fluxes within the magnetic core and their change in the event of an asymmetrical load condition of the inverter is explained in more detail below.
  • the symmetrical load condition is assumed and then generalized to an asymmetrical load condition.
  • the symmetrical load condition is characterized by the same power flow through each of the DC / AC converters and by a symmetrical or the same power flow over the individual phase connections of the inverter.
  • the required equality of the power flows through each of the DC / AC converters relates to a time average value over at least one period of the alternating voltage.
  • an equal mean value of the power flow is meant, which results from a time averaging over a period of the alternating voltage.
  • the technical effect is exemplified using a design that has a total of m-1 such internal longitudinal webs.
  • an inner longitudinal web is arranged between each two inductor windings which are arranged on the same of the transverse webs.
  • the magnetic flux in the inner longitudinal webs can now be determined assuming the symmetrical power flow prevailing in the specific operating mode.
  • this idealized case results in complete extinction of the magnetic flux in the internal Longitudinal bars. This is due to the fact that partial magnetic fluxes of adjacent inductor windings, which are arranged on the same one of the transverse webs, are destructively superimposed within each inner longitudinal web.
  • the magnetic partial flows of adjacent inductor windings in each of the inner longitudinal webs are equal and opposite in terms of amount, which is why they extinguish themselves there completely. Since there is practically no magnetic flux in the internal longitudinal webs, the internal longitudinal webs can be completely omitted - at least for the specific operating mode that is assigned to the symmetrical load condition. In the event of a transition to a non-symmetrical load condition of the inverter, which is characterized by different power flows via the individual phase connections and / or via the various DC / AC converters, the partial magnetic fluxes in the inner longitudinal webs change.
  • the above considerations can also be applied to a magnetic core with one or more, but less than m-1, inner longitudinal webs.
  • the unbalanced load that can still be tolerated with regard to the power flows may turn out to be lower and possibly only be limited to certain phase connections. However, it is often still sufficient.
  • the magnetic core, the choke arrangement and thus also the entire sinusoidal filter of the inverter are extremely compact and inexpensive.
  • the magnetic core of the Due to the design, the throttle arrangement can be designed in such a way that it extends along a plane, while a dimension running perpendicular to the plane can, however, be designed to be significantly smaller. This is advantageous for installation in a housing of the inverter. Overall, the inverter housing that accommodates the sinusoidal filter can thus also be kept correspondingly compact and there is not only a significant weight saving, but also a significant cost saving for the inverter.
  • the inverter can have at least one further input with two input connections for connecting a further DC voltage source.
  • the other input is connected to one of the DC / AC converters.
  • the further DC voltage source can be different from the DC voltage source.
  • the further direct voltage source can, however, also be the direct voltage source which is already connected to the input of the inverter.
  • none, one or each of the input connections of the input can be connected to a corresponding input connection of the further input. This enables different DC voltage sources, one of which is connected to the input and another of which is connected to the further input, to be operated either independently of one another, with the same ground potential or also connected in parallel to one another.
  • At least one of the input connections of the input is preferably connected to a corresponding input connection of the further input
  • the inverter has several further inputs, in particular m further inputs, where m corresponds to the number of DC / AC converters of the inverter.
  • each of the inputs is connected to a different one of the DC / AC converters.
  • one or each of the input connections of the input can be connected to a corresponding input connection of one or more further inputs.
  • the internal longitudinal webs can be designed to be significantly smaller in terms of their cross-section compared to the external longitudinal webs, since they are in operation of the Inverter also contain a destructive superimposition of magnetic partial flows from adjacent inductor windings.
  • the outer longitudinal webs can be designed with a larger cross section relative to the inner longitudinal webs. Even for operating modes of the inverter that have different power flows through the individual DC / AC converters and / or different power flows over the individual phase connections on average over time, there is still significant material savings in a design of the throttle arrangement due to the small inner longitudinal webs .
  • the magnetic core thus has a cross-shaped pattern of transverse webs and longitudinal webs crossing at right angles in a plan view on its plane.
  • adjacent transverse webs and adjacent longitudinal webs together enclose rectangular meshes as cavities.
  • the magnetic core can in principle be constructed in one piece.
  • the magnetic core is constructed in several pieces.
  • Each of the transverse webs can be constructed from several segments, in particular from m segments.
  • each of the inner longitudinal webs, optionally also each of the outer longitudinal webs can be made up of several segments.
  • each of the transverse webs is made up of several segments; gaps can be arranged between the segments of the transverse webs and the external longitudinal webs and / or between the segments of the transverse webs and the internal longitudinal webs. Alternatively or cumulatively, it is possible for gaps to be arranged in an area of the transverse webs that is covered by the inductor windings.
  • a gap is always to be understood here as a magnetic gap. This can be an air gap, but also a gap that is filled with a non-ferromagnetic material of low permeability.
  • the magnet core can have an additional transverse web on which no inductor winding is arranged.
  • the additional transverse web can be arranged on an outer edge or between two transverse webs provided with inductor windings, that is to say away from an outer edge of the throttle arrangement.
  • the magnetic core can also have two have additional transverse webs on which no inductor winding is arranged.
  • the additional transverse webs can be arranged on opposite outer edges of the throttle arrangement.
  • one of the additional transverse webs, optionally also each of the two additional transverse webs is arranged between two transverse webs provided with inductor windings.
  • a power output or a power consumption of one of the DC / AC converters can differ by at least 10% of a nominal power of the relevant DC / AC converter from a power output or power consumption of another of the DC / AC converters.
  • Each of the DC / AC converters can also be designed as a three-phase DC / AC converter with three phase conductors.
  • the inverter can be designed and set up as a unidirectionally operating or as a bidirectionally operating inverter.
  • the inverter comprises a controller which is designed and set up to clock the m DC / AC converters with the same switching frequency, but with a phase shift from one another within one switching period. In this way, a voltage ripple as an interference signal at the phase connections of the inverter is largely reduced.
  • the inductor windings can be wound directly onto the magnetic core.
  • the magnetic core can have an area covered by the inductor winding Have protective layer made of insulating material.
  • the inductor windings can have a wire-shaped, film-shaped, band-shaped or litz-shaped electrical conductor.
  • a ribbon-shaped electrical conductor is similar in terms of its cross section to a foil-shaped electrical conductor, but has a greater thickness and thus a larger cross-sectional area with the same width.
  • a film-shaped or ribbon-shaped electrical conductor is particularly advantageous with regard to a higher current carrying capacity.
  • each of the phase connections can be connected to one connection of a capacitor, while the other connection of the capacitor is connected to an input-side intermediate circuit of at least one of the DC / AC converters.
  • the second connection of the capacitor can either be connected to the negative pole or to the positive pole of the intermediate circuit.
  • the second connection of the capacitor With a divided intermediate circuit, it is also possible for the second connection of the capacitor to be connected to a center point of the intermediate circuit.
  • each of the phase connections of the inverter be connected to one connection of m capacitors, while the other connection of the m capacitors is connected to an input-side intermediate circuit of a different one of the DC / AC converters.
  • m denotes the number of DC / AC converters in the inverter.
  • a power generation system contains an inverter according to the invention and at least one DC voltage source connected to the inverter on the input side.
  • the at least one DC voltage source can be a photovoltaic (PV) generator and / or a Include battery.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an inverter according to the invention with a sinusoidal filter comprising a choke arrangement
  • FIG. 2a shows a first embodiment of a throttle arrangement of a
  • FIG. 1 an embodiment of an inverter 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the inverter 1 comprises, for example, an input 2a and two further inputs 2b, 2c, each with two input connections.
  • the inverter 1 has a multi-phase output 9 with a total of three phase connections U, V, W.
  • Each of the inputs 2a, 2b, 2c is in each case via an intermediate circuit 8.1 - 8.3 with one of several - here: three - DC / AC converters
  • the three DC / AC converters 3.1 - 3.3 are controlled by a controller 7 of the inverter 1.
  • the controller 7 generates, in particular, clock signals for semiconductor switches of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3.
  • Each of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 has a three-phase design and has three phase conductors 4.1-4.3 at its output.
  • Each of the phase conductors 4.1-4.3 is connected to a corresponding one of the phase connections U, V, W via a choke 1 1.1.1-1.3.3 of a choke arrangement 10. In this way, each of the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1 is always via one of the chokes
  • an AC load break switch 5 is arranged, which is suitable for connecting the phase connections U, V, W of outputs of the DC / AC converter 3.1
  • one input connection of the input 2a can be connected to a corresponding input connection of one or both further inputs 2b, 2c.
  • direct voltage sources that are connected to the input 2a and the further inputs 2b, 2c can be operated with a common reference potential.
  • each of the two input connections of the input 2a is connected to a corresponding input connection of the further inputs 2b, 2c.
  • DC voltage sources connected to inputs 2a, 2b, 2c can be operated in parallel with one another.
  • the optional connection of one or two input connections is shown in FIG. 1 by a dashed line.
  • the DC voltage sources that are connected to the inputs 2a, 2b, 2c can be rechargeable batteries or photovoltaic generators (not shown in FIG. 1).
  • the inverter 1 can in principle be operated bidirectionally, that is to say capable of converting a direct voltage into an alternating voltage and, conversely, an alternating voltage into a direct voltage.
  • semiconductor switches of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 are clocked via the controller 7 using a PWM method.
  • the different DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 are clocked out of phase (interleaved).
  • the semiconductor switches of the first DC / AC converter 3.1 are set with a phase offset of 0, those of the second DC / AC converter 3.2 with a phase offset of 2/3 p, and those of the third DC / AC Converter 3.3 clocked with a phase offset of 4/3 p.
  • the phase offset of a period of 2p is divided between the 3 total DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3. Staggered through the phases
  • the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 are activated, a voltage ripple at each of the phase connections U, V, W is minimized.
  • the choke arrangement 10 and the capacitors 6 form a sinusoidal filter of the inverter 1 that is common to all DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3.
  • the sinusoidal filter attenuates clock-frequency harmonic interference signals that are present in addition to the sinusoidal useful signal on the phase conductors 4.1 - 4.3 of the DC / AC converters 3.1 - 3.3 and result from the clocked switching of the semiconductor switches.
  • the sinusoidal filter, in particular the choke arrangement 10 is able to significantly dampen circulating currents between the different DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3.
  • the throttle arrangement 10 is also compact and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 2a shows a first embodiment of a choke arrangement 10 which is designed for use in a sinusoidal filter of the inverter 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 1.
  • the throttle arrangement 10 contains a magnetic core 12 which runs in one plane and which comprises three transverse webs 13.1-13.3, two outer longitudinal webs 14 and two inner longitudinal webs 15.
  • the transverse webs 13.1-13.3 form (when looking at the plane of the magnetic core 12) together with the outer 14 and inner longitudinal webs 15 a cross-like pattern.
  • a total of six rectangular meshes 19 are surrounded by parts of the longitudinal 14, 15 and transverse webs 13.1-13.3.
  • Each of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3 comprises 3 segments 16.1-16.3.
  • inductor windings 11.1.1-1.3.3 are applied to each of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3, in particular on their segments 16.1-16.3. Those of the inductor windings 11.1.1-1.3.3 which are located on the same of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3 are each assigned to a specific one of the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1. In contrast, those of the inductor windings 1 1.1.1-1.3.3 which are arranged on different transverse webs 13.1-13.3 are assigned to different phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1. Specifically, in the case shown in FIG.
  • the inductor windings 11.1.1, 1 1.2.1, 1 1.3.1 arranged one below the other on the left are connected to the three phase conductors 4.1 of the first DC / AC converter 3.1.
  • the middle choke windings 11.1.2, 1 1.2.2, 1 1.3.2 arranged one below the other are connected to the three phase conductors 4.2 of the second DC / AC converter 3.2 and the choke windings 1 1.1.3, 11.2.3, 1 1.3 arranged one below the other on the right. 3 are with the three phase conductors 4.3 of the third DC / AC converter 3.3 connected.
  • choke windings 1 1.1.1 - 1 1.3.3 arranged one below the other on different transverse webs 13.1 - 13.3 are in each case the same one of the DC / AC converters 3.1 - 3.3 and choke windings 1 1.1.1 - arranged in rows next to one another on the same cross webs 13.1 - 13.3 1 1.3.3 each assigned to the same of the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1.
  • the magnetic core 12 of the throttle arrangement 10 in particular each of the longitudinal webs 14, 15 and the segments 16.1-16.3 of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3, can be constructed from a sintered powder material or a sheet metal stack.
  • the magnetic core 12 When assembled, the magnetic core 12 has its longitudinal webs 14, 15 and transverse webs 13.1-13.3 magnetically acting gaps 18.
  • the gaps 18 are arranged between the outer longitudinal webs 14 and the segments of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3, as well as between the inner longitudinal webs 15 and the segments of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3.
  • it is possible that magnetic gaps are also arranged in areas of the transverse webs 13.1-13.3 covered by the choke windings 1 1.1.1-1.1 3.3.
  • partial magnetic fluxes result which are generated by each of the inductor windings 1 1.1.1-1.3.3 in accordance with the current currently flowing through the respective inductor winding 11.1.1-1.3.3.
  • a controller 7 of the inverter 1 can now clock the semiconductor switches of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 so that those of the inductor windings 1.1.1-1.3.3 which are arranged on the same crosspiece 13.1-13.3 and thus also the same of the Phase connections U, V, W are assigned, are also flowed through at the same times by an equally large or a similarly large current.
  • the resulting magnetic partial fluxes are illustrated schematically in FIG.
  • the inner longitudinal webs 15 can be designed with a significantly smaller cross section than the outer longitudinal webs 14. This results in significant material, space and cost savings for the choke arrangement 10 and thereby also for the inverter 1 containing the choke arrangement 10.
  • FIG. 2b shows a second embodiment of a choke arrangement 10 which is suitable for use in a sinusoidal filter of the inverter 1 according to the invention according to FIG. 1. Only differences from the first embodiment of the throttle arrangement 10 are explained below. In the case of the same or similar elements, reference is made to the explanation for FIG. 2a.
  • the second embodiment additionally contains a further transverse web 17 on which no choke winding is arranged.
  • the outer 14 and inner longitudinal webs 15 are made longer relative to the first embodiment according to FIG. 2a.
  • the further transverse web 17 is arranged on an outer edge of the throttle arrangement 10 and there connects the outer 14 longitudinal webs and the inner longitudinal webs 15 of the throttle arrangement 10 to one another.
  • the further transverse web 17 enables a greater degree of freedom with asymmetrical operation of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 and / or the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1.
  • the power flows can flow through the individual DC / AC converters 3.1 - 3.3 differentiate more strongly.
  • the power flows via the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1 can also differ more from one another.
  • the further transverse web 17 limits the choke arrangement 10 to the outside, it protects the choke windings 1.1.1-1.3.3 running under it from mechanical damage that could occur, for example, when the inverter 1 is assembled.
  • the further transverse web 17, which is free of a choke winding is between two cross webs 13.1-13.3 provided with choke windings 1 1.1.1-1.3.3, and thus in an inner region of the choke arrangement 10, is arranged.
  • FIG. 2c A third embodiment of the throttle arrangement 10 is illustrated in FIG. 2c. Relative to the second embodiment according to FIG. 2b, the outer longitudinal webs 14 and the inner longitudinal webs 15 are made even longer.
  • the choke arrangement 10 in FIG. 2c now has a total of two further transverse webs 17, on each of which none of the choke windings 11.1.1-1.3.3 is arranged.
  • the further transverse webs 17 are arranged on opposite outer edges of the throttle arrangement 10. This again results in a greater degree of freedom relative to the embodiment according to FIG. 2b with regard to asymmetrical operation of the DC / AC converters 3.1-3.3 and the phase connections U, V, W of the inverter 1.
  • inductor windings 11.1.1-1 1.1.3 and 1.1.3.1-1.3.3, which are arranged below the further transverse webs 17, are at least partially protected from mechanical damage.
  • one of the two further transverse webs 17, optionally also each of the two further transverse webs 17, is each arranged between two transverse webs 13.1-13.3, which are equipped with inductor windings 1 1.1.1 - 1 1.3.3 are provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un onduleur (1) destiné à convertir la tension continue d'au moins une source de tension continue en tension alternative et comprenant : une entrée (2a) dotée de deux bornes d'entrée pour raccorder la source de tension continue, une sortie multiphasée (9) dotée de n>1 raccordements de phase (U, V, W), une pluralité de m>1 convertisseurs CC/CA multiphasés (3.1 – 3.m) comportant chacun n conducteurs de phase (4.1 – 4.n), et un filtre sinusoïdal utilisé de manière commune par chaque convertisseur CC/CA (3.1 – 3.m) et présentant un ensemble bobine d'arrêt (10). Chaque raccordement de phase (U, V, W) est relié dans chaque cas à un conducteur de phase (4.1 – 4.n) correspondant de chaque convertisseur CC/CA (3.1 – 3.m) par l'intermédiaire d'un enroulement de bobine d'arrêt (11.1.1 – 11.n.m) de l'ensemble bobine d'arrêt (10). A cet effet, l'ensemble bobine d'arrêt (10) présente m*n enroulements de bobine d'arrêt (11.1.1 - 11.n.m) et un noyau magnétique (12) doté de n éléments de liaison transversaux (13.1 – 13.n), m enroulements de bobine d'arrêt (11.1.1 - 11.n.m) sont agencés les uns à côté des autres sur chacun des n éléments de liaison transversaux (13.1 – 13.). Les enroulements de bobine d'arrêt (11.1.1 – 11.n.m) qui présentent le même raccordement de phase (U, V, W) sont eux aussi montés chacun sur le même élément de liaison transversal (13.1 – 13.n). En outre, tous les enroulements de bobine d'arrêt (11.1.1 – 11.n.m) agencés sur le même élément de liaison transversal des éléments de liaison transversaux (13.1 – 13.n) présentent chacun, à partir de leur première borne qui est reliée à un conducteur de phase (4.1 – 4.n) d'un des convertisseurs CC/CA (3.1 – 3.n), dans la direction de sa seconde borne, qui est reliée à un des raccordements de phase (U, V, W), le même sens d'enroulement autour des mêmes éléments de liaison transversaux parmi les éléments de liaison transversaux (13.1 – 13.n). L'invention concerne par ailleurs une installation de production d'énergie équipée d'un tel onduleur (1).
PCT/EP2020/055497 2019-03-14 2020-03-03 Onduleur comportant plusieurs convertisseurs cc/ca et un filtre sinusoïdal commun et installation de production d'énergie équipée d'un tel onduleur WO2020182532A1 (fr)

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DE102019106472.4A DE102019106472A1 (de) 2019-03-14 2019-03-14 Wechselrichter mit mehreren DC/AC-Wandlern und einem gemeinsamen Sinusfilter und Energieerzeugungsanlage mit einem derartigen Wechselrichter
DE102019106472.4 2019-03-14

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WO2017063889A1 (fr) 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 Sma Solar Technology Ag Ensemble inductance et système d'alimentation électrique l'utilisant
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US5182535A (en) * 1989-12-19 1993-01-26 Dhyanchand P John Summing transformer core for star-delta inverter having a separate secondary winding for each primary winding
DE102008037064A1 (de) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Schaltungsanordnung für einen elektrischen Antrieb
EP2639952A2 (fr) * 2012-03-15 2013-09-18 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Convertisseur de puissance et sa bobine d'arrêt CC intégrée
WO2013170906A1 (fr) 2012-05-18 2013-11-21 Sma Solar Technology Ag Agencement d'inducteur d'un seul tenant
US20160329705A1 (en) * 2013-12-18 2016-11-10 Thales Modular and reconfigurable electrical power conversion device
WO2017063889A1 (fr) 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 Sma Solar Technology Ag Ensemble inductance et système d'alimentation électrique l'utilisant
DE102016122435A1 (de) * 2016-11-22 2018-05-24 Wobben Properties Gmbh Windenergieanlage und 3-Phasen-Drosseleinheit

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