WO2020181655A1 - 一种多模式通风净化器 - Google Patents

一种多模式通风净化器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020181655A1
WO2020181655A1 PCT/CN2019/087429 CN2019087429W WO2020181655A1 WO 2020181655 A1 WO2020181655 A1 WO 2020181655A1 CN 2019087429 W CN2019087429 W CN 2019087429W WO 2020181655 A1 WO2020181655 A1 WO 2020181655A1
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Prior art keywords
ventilation
indoor
mode
air
door
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PCT/CN2019/087429
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张腾飞
李发成
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天津大学
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Publication of WO2020181655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020181655A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
    • F24F11/77—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity by controlling the speed of ventilators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
    • F24F11/79—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling the direction of the supplied air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/64—Airborne particle content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F24F2110/70—Carbon dioxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of indoor air purification and building ventilation, and particularly relates to a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • Ventilation is generally considered to help improve indoor air quality, specifically in reducing indoor CO 2 concentration and diluting pollutants in indoor air.
  • direct indoor ventilation still has two shortcomings. First, when the outdoor air is polluted, such as in haze weather, outdoor particles can penetrate into the building through the ventilation path. In this case, ventilation will reduce the indoor air quality. At the same time of ventilation, the indoor particulate matter is filtered and removed. Secondly, when the outdoor air quality is good, the direct use of window ventilation may cause excessive ventilation and increase the indoor heat and cold load. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a ventilation purification device that can not only introduce fresh air, but also filter and purify the fresh air, and can control and adjust the fresh air volume.
  • High efficiency filtration can remove most of the particulate matter in the air, but it also has greater ventilation resistance and higher operating and replacement costs. It should be pointed out that the outdoor PM2.5 concentration varies greatly with time and location, and the high-efficiency filtration method may only need to be adopted during some serious pollution periods.
  • the present invention provides a ventilation purifier that can purify fresh air and has multiple usage modes, so as to solve the problems of single mode of fresh air purification devices in the prior art and inconvenient operation.
  • the ventilation purifier is divided into a mechanical ventilation box and a natural ventilation box through the intermediate partition;
  • the mechanical ventilation box includes coarse-efficiency filter, screw slide A, fan and high-efficiency filter from bottom to top.
  • a louver tuyere A is set in the interior of the upper box of the high-efficiency filter.
  • the natural ventilation box includes air volume adjustment board, screw sliding table B, screw sliding table C and medium-efficiency filter.
  • the upper box of the medium-efficiency filter is equipped with louver vents B on the indoor side; two ventilation purifiers
  • the outdoor side air inlet is located at the lower part of the outdoor side of the box, and a rain rack is installed above it.
  • the screw sliding table A and the screw sliding table B are provided with an indoor airtight door A and an indoor airtight door B, and an insulation board is pasted behind each airtight door, which plays a role of heat preservation when the airtight door is closed.
  • a bypass door is provided on the screw slide C.
  • the ventilation purifier adopts the mechanical transmission mechanism of the screw slide table to switch the modes.
  • the sliding block on the screw slide table can make each sealed door move, and accurately define the moving position of each sealed door through a position sensor.
  • a louver tuyere C and a louver tuyere D are arranged in front of the airtight door A and the airtight door B.
  • the louver vent can adjust the size and direction of the air entering the room.
  • the ventilation purifier contains a control system inside, and a control panel is arranged on the shell.
  • edges of the indoor sealing door and the bypass door are provided with sealing gaskets at the junction with the outer shell or the intermediate baffle to ensure better sealing performance when closed.
  • control system includes a sensor capable of detecting indoor and outdoor air quality, a control panel, a screw slide motor controller, a fan driver, a DC power supply, and a control chip.
  • the operating state of each screw slide table, the operation of the centrifugal fan, and the speed of rotation can be controlled through this control system.
  • the mode and air volume of the ventilation purifier have two methods: automatic control and manual control.
  • the automatic control logic is to first detect the air quality through the indoor and outdoor air quality sensors, and transmit the information to the microprocessor through data communication.
  • the microprocessor controls the motor of each screw slide through the PWM signal after processing the information. Movement and rotation of the fan. At the same time, the microprocessor will transmit the information to the control panel through data communication and display it.
  • the manual control logic is that the user can select the mode and air volume of the ventilation purifier through the control panel.
  • the signal will be transmitted to the microprocessor through the control panel, and then the microprocessor will control the operation mode of each screw slide motor and centrifugal fan. Control to adjust the mode and air volume of the ventilation purifier, and also display information on the control panel.
  • the sensors that can detect indoor and outdoor air quality include indoor CO 2 sensors and indoor and outdoor PM2.5 sensors.
  • the current CO 2 concentration detected by the CO 2 sensor can reflect the current indoor fresh air volume
  • the PM2.5 sensor can detect the current indoor and outdoor PM2.5 content.
  • control panel includes two functions: control and display.
  • the control function specifically includes the switch key, the automatic control mode switch key, and the ventilation mode selection key and the air volume increase and decrease keys.
  • the display function is that the control panel can display the current ventilation mode, indoor and outdoor air quality and ventilation volume.
  • the reset state of the air volume adjustment plate is a vertical state, at this time the center of gravity of the air volume adjustment plate is located at the lower part of the rotating shaft, the part below the rotating shaft of the air volume adjustment plate is located at the air inlet, and the rotating shaft limits the rotation angle of the air volume adjustment plate to 0 (Adjusting board is in a vertical state) ⁇ 90 degrees (Adjusting board is in a horizontal state).
  • the air volume adjustment plate is in a vertical state when it is reset, and at the same time it swings to different positions with the wind pressure.
  • the air volume adjustment plate When the air volume adjustment plate is in the vertical position, the flow area of the air duct is the largest; When the outdoor wind speed increases, the air volume adjustment plate will rotate, thereby reducing the air duct area, stabilizing the ventilation volume and preventing excessive ventilation.
  • One side of the indoor shell of the ventilation purifier is connected with the outer wall by a hinge, which can be opened to replace the filters that reach the operating life.
  • the multi-mode ventilation purifier has five ventilation modes:
  • Said natural ventilation mode in this mode, the bypass door and the indoor sealed door A are closed, and the indoor sealed door B is opened.
  • the outdoor fresh air enters through the natural fresh air inlet, and after passing through the air volume adjustment plate, it is sent into the room through the louvered air outlet D. Applicable when the outdoor air quality is excellent.
  • the natural fresh air filtration mode In this mode, the bypass door and indoor airtight door B are closed, and the indoor airtight door A is opened.
  • the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet, and first passes through the coarse-efficiency filter, because the upper part of the mechanical ventilation box has high-efficiency filtering
  • the resistance is relatively high, so the outdoor fresh air is basically sent indoors from the louver outlet C. It is suitable for light pollution of outdoor air and high outdoor weather wind speed.
  • the medium-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode In this mode, the indoor airtight door A and indoor airtight door B are closed, and the bypass door is opened. Under the action of the centrifugal fan, the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet, and first passes through the coarse-efficiency filter. After the outdoor fresh air passes through the centrifugal fan, because the upper part of the mechanical ventilation box has a high-efficiency filter and has a large ventilation resistance, the outdoor fresh air will be next to it. Pass into the natural ventilation box, then pass through the medium-efficiency filter, and send it into the room from the louver outlet B. It is suitable for lightly polluted outdoor air, when the outdoor weather wind speed is low, or when the room needs to be ventilated quickly.
  • the described high-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode In this mode, the bypass door, indoor airtight door A and indoor airtight door B are closed, and the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet. After passing through the coarse filter and high-efficiency filter, it is sent from the shutter air outlet A Enter the room. It is suitable for heavy pollution in outdoor air.
  • the indoor self-cleaning mode in this mode, the bypass door and indoor airtight door B are closed, and the indoor airtight door A is opened. Under the action of the centrifugal fan, indoor air enters the ventilation purifier through the louver vent C, and is purified by the high-efficiency filter , Into the room from the louver outlet A. It is suitable when the indoor air quality is poor and needs to be purified quickly.
  • the described automatic mode switching mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier is to first detect the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration through a sensor, and set the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration according to the purification efficiency of each mode.
  • the purification method adopted can ensure that the concentration of PM2.5 in the fresh air is satisfactory.
  • the method of automatically adjusting the air volume is to determine the amount of fresh air in the room by detecting the CO 2 concentration in the room.
  • CO 2 concentration is significantly lower than 1000 ppm
  • CO 2 concentration exceeding 1000 ppm pass The fan driver in the control system adjusts the speed of the fan to adjust the increase or decrease of the air volume in the mechanical ventilation mode, or close the fan for natural ventilation or natural fresh air filtration to keep the indoor CO 2 concentration slightly below 1000ppm.
  • the ventilation purifier is designed with a variety of ventilation modes.
  • natural ventilation mode can be adopted; when the outdoor is slightly polluted and depends on outdoor wind
  • the natural fresh air filtration mode can be adopted; when the outdoor is slightly polluted, and the outdoor air pressure cannot meet the indoor fresh air volume and indoor air quality requirements or the indoor needs rapid ventilation, medium-efficiency machinery can be used
  • Fresh air mode when the outdoor air pollution is serious, the high-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode can be used; and when the indoor air quality is poor and rapid purification is required, the indoor self-cleaning mode can be used to circulate the indoor air.
  • the combination of multiple modes can reduce ventilation energy consumption.
  • the automatic control mode in the ventilation purifier control system can select the current suitable ventilation mode and corresponding ventilation volume according to the indoor and outdoor air quality conditions, without manual operation, which is convenient for users to use, and the automatic control system will provide users with a suitable ventilation volume. Prevent excessive indoor ventilation, avoid adding additional ventilation energy consumption and indoor heating and cooling loads. Users can also manually control the usage mode and required ventilation volume according to individual needs.
  • the control panel can display the current ventilation mode, air volume, indoor and outdoor air quality and other information to the user.
  • the ventilation purifier adopts the screw sliding table mechanical transmission mechanism to switch the ventilation mode of the ventilation purifier.
  • the structure is simple, the installation is convenient, the stroke accuracy is more accurate, and the sealing effect is good.
  • the ventilation purifier has two unpowered ventilation modes, natural ventilation and natural fresh air filtration mode.
  • natural ventilation mode When the outdoor air quality is excellent, the natural ventilation mode can be used, and the user does not need to open the window to avoid excessive ventilation.
  • the natural fresh air filtration mode When the outdoor air is slightly polluted, the natural fresh air filtration mode can be adopted to meet the indoor air quality requirements without consumption. Any ventilation energy consumption.
  • the natural ventilation and natural fresh air filtration modes respectively use air volume adjustment plates and coarse-efficiency filters as resistance components, which can alleviate excessive indoor ventilation.
  • the ventilation purifier adopts high-efficiency purification mode only when the outdoor is in moderate or heavy pollution, which can greatly reduce the use time of high-efficiency purification methods, thereby reducing ventilation energy consumption and prolonging the service life of high-efficiency purifiers. The operating cost of the ventilation purifier is reduced.
  • the invention adopts the mechanical transmission mechanism of the screw slide table and the sealed door to realize the switching of each mode of the ventilation purifier, and can be manually or automatically controlled to complete the switching operation.
  • the control system inside the device includes a sensor that can detect indoor and outdoor air quality, and can automatically select a more appropriate use mode and air volume based on the sensor's information. Only when the outdoor air is moderately or heavily polluted, the fresh air should be efficiently purified; when the outdoor air quality is excellent or lightly polluted, the natural ventilation method that relies on the outdoor pressure difference can be adopted, and the indoor ventilation can be directly or coarsely effected.
  • the filtering method makes the indoor air quality up to the standard, and is equipped with air volume adjustment devices, which can avoid excessive ventilation and increase the cooling and heating load of the building; at the same time, a medium-efficiency filter with low ventilation resistance can be used with a fan for rapid indoor ventilation; also designed There is an indoor self-purification mode, which can purify the indoor air by internal circulation when the indoor air quality is poor or the introduction of fresh air is not suitable.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the indoor side of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior and exterior of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the outdoor side of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of opening the indoor side shell of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw sliding table
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a natural ventilation mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the natural fresh air filtration mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a medium-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode ventilation purifier indoor self-cleaning mode
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a control panel of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • Figure 12 is a control logic diagram of a multi-mode ventilation purifier
  • louver tuyere A 1 louver tuyere A; 2 high efficiency filter; 3 centrifugal fan; 4 indoor sealed door A; 5 coarse-effect filter; 6 louver tuyere B; 7 medium-efficiency filter; 8 screw slide table C; 9 middle interval Board; 10 indoor sealed door B; 11 air volume adjustment board; 12 shutter air outlet C; 13 control panel; 14 shutter air outlet D; 15 rain; 16 natural fresh air inlet; 17 mechanical fresh air inlet; 18 motor; 19 coupling; 20 Screw; 21 sliding table base; 22 insulation board; 23 sliding block; 24 indoor side insulation board; 25 screw sliding table B; 26 outdoor side insulation board; 27 screw sliding table A; 28 bypass door.
  • a multi-mode ventilation purifier As shown in Figure 1-12, a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the ventilation purifier is divided into two boxes by a middle partition 9. From the indoor side, the ventilation purifier includes a mechanical ventilation box on the left and a natural ventilation box on the right.
  • the mechanical ventilation box includes mechanical fresh air inlet 17, coarse-efficiency filter 5, screw sliding table A27, indoor sealed door A4, louver tuyere C12, centrifugal fan 3, high-efficiency filter 2 and louver tuyere A1 from bottom to top.
  • the natural ventilation box includes the natural fresh air inlet 16, the air volume adjustment plate 11, the screw slide B25, the indoor sealed door B10, the shutter air outlet D14, the screw slide C8, the bypass door 28, and the medium-efficiency filter. 7 and shutter air outlet B6.
  • An indoor side heat preservation plate 24 and an outdoor side heat preservation plate 26 are provided on the outside of the ventilating purifier room, and a control panel 13 is provided on the indoor side of the ventilating purifier.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of opening the indoor side shell of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • One side of the indoor shell of the ventilation purifier is connected with the indoor side wall by a hinge, and the filter used in the ventilation purifier can be replaced by opening it.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the screw slide table.
  • the ventilation purifier switches the ventilation modes through the mechanical transmission mechanism of the screw slide table.
  • the slider 23 is sleeved on the screw rod 20, and each sealed door is connected to the slider 23.
  • the motor 18 When the motor 18 is started, the screw rod 20 can be driven to rotate to move the slider 23 and the sealed door.
  • the position sensor can control the sliding table to move within the specified range. Sealing pads are glued on the casing of the ventilation purifier and the parts in contact with each sealed door, which play a sealing role when the sealed door is closed.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the natural ventilation mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the natural ventilation mode is suitable when the outdoor air quality is excellent. As shown in the figure, in this mode, the bypass door 28 and the indoor airtight door A4 are closed, and the indoor airtight door B10 is opened. The outdoor fresh air enters through the natural fresh air inlet 16, and after passing through the air volume adjustment plate 11, it is sent into the room through the louvered air outlet D14.
  • FIG 7 is a schematic diagram of the natural fresh air filtering mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the natural fresh air filtration mode is suitable for lightly polluted outdoor air and high outdoor weather wind speed.
  • the bypass door 28 and the indoor airtight door B10 are closed, and the indoor airtight door A4 is opened.
  • the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet 17, and first passes through the coarse filter 5, because the upper part of the mechanical ventilation box has high efficiency filtering Therefore, the outdoor fresh air is basically sent indoors from the louver outlet C12.
  • FIG 8 is a schematic diagram of a medium-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the medium-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode is suitable for lightly polluted outdoor air, when the outdoor meteorological wind speed is low or when the indoor fast ventilation is required.
  • the indoor airtight door A4 and the indoor airtight door B10 are closed, and the bypass door 28 is opened.
  • the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet 17, and first passes through the coarse-effect filter 5.
  • FIG 9 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the high-efficiency mechanical fresh air mode is suitable when the outdoor air is heavily polluted.
  • the bypass door 28, the indoor airtight door A4 and the indoor airtight door B10 are closed.
  • the outdoor fresh air enters through the mechanical fresh air inlet 17, and after passing through the coarse filter 5 and the high efficiency filter 2, from the shutter air outlet A1 Take it indoors.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the indoor self-cleaning mode of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the indoor self-cleaning mode is suitable when the indoor air quality is poor and requires rapid purification.
  • the bypass door 28 and the indoor airtight door B10 are closed, and the indoor airtight door A4 is opened.
  • the indoor air enters the ventilation purifier through the louver outlet C12, and is purified by the high efficiency filter 2. Then, it is sent into the room from the louver outlet A1.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode ventilation purifier control panel.
  • the control panel contains two functions: control buttons and display.
  • the control functions specifically include the switch key, the automatic control mode selection key, the ventilation mode selection key and the air volume increase and decrease keys.
  • the display function is that the control panel 13 can display the current ventilation mode, indoor and outdoor air quality and the amount of ventilation.
  • Figure 12 is a control logic diagram of a multi-mode ventilation purifier.
  • the control system of the ventilation purifier includes a sensor that can detect indoor and outdoor air quality, a control panel, a screw slide motor controller, a fan driver, a DC power supply and a control chip.
  • the control system can select the ventilation purifier mode and air volume, and has two methods of automatic control and manual control.
  • the automatic control logic is to first detect the air quality, indoor CO 2 and indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration through indoor and outdoor air quality sensors, and transmit the information to the microprocessor through data communication, and different outdoor settings are set in the processor
  • the microprocessor uses the processed information to control the movement of each screw slide motor and the rotation of the fan through the PWM signal.
  • the microprocessor will transmit the information to the control panel through data communication and display it.
  • the automatic control system of the ventilator will set the purification method used under different outdoor PM2.5 concentrations to ensure that the PM2.5 concentration of the fresh air is satisfied.
  • the mode switching method under automatic control is to first detect the indoor and outdoor PM2.5 concentration through the sensor. When the indoor PM2.5 concentration is detected to be unsatisfactory, it is optimized to run natural ventilation, natural fresh air filtration, medium-efficiency mechanical fresh air, and high-efficiency mechanical Fresh air and indoor self-purification modes until the indoor PM2.5 concentration is optimal; and when operating in a certain mode, if the indoor PM2.5 concentration is significantly lower than the optimal limit, each mode will be operated in reverse order.
  • the way to automatically adjust the air volume is to detect the indoor CO 2 concentration to determine the amount of fresh air in the room, and there is excessive or under-ventilation in the room, so as to adjust the increase or decrease of the air volume in the mechanical ventilation mode, or turn off the fan for natural ventilation or natural fresh air. Filter mode.
  • the manual control logic is that the user can select the mode and air volume of the ventilation purifier through the control panel. The signal will be transmitted to the microprocessor through the control panel, and then the microprocessor will control the operation mode of each screw slide motor and centrifugal fan. Control to adjust the mode and air volume of the ventilation purifier, and also display information on the control panel.

Abstract

一种多模式通风净化器。通风净化器由中间隔板(9)分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱。机械通风箱内从下到上依次包括机械新风入口(17)、粗效过滤器(5)、丝杆滑台A(27)、室内密封门A(4)、百叶风口C(12)、离心风机(3)、高效过滤器(2)以及百叶风口A(1)。自然通风箱内从下到上依次包括自然新风入口(16)、风量调节板(11)、丝杆滑台B(25)、室内密封门B(10)、百叶风口D(14)、丝杆滑台C(8)、旁通门(28)、中效过滤器(7)以及百叶风口B(6)。通风净化器有多种模式，包含两种自然通风模式和三种机械通风模式。通过控制面板根据室内外空气质量情况及通风需求自动选择各通风模式及风量大小，多模式配合的通风方式可降低通风能耗，延长使用寿命。

Description

一种多模式通风净化器 技术领域
本发明属于室内空气净化及建筑通风领域，具体涉及一种多模式的通风净化器。
背景技术
通风通常被认为有助于改善室内空气质量，具体表现在可降低室内CO 2浓度、稀释室内空气中的污染物。然而直接向室内通风仍具有两点不足，首先当室外空气受到污染，例如在雾霾天气时，室外颗粒物可通过通风路径渗入建筑物，在这种情况下通风反而会降低室内空气品质，需要在通风的同时对室内颗粒物进行过滤去除。其次当室外空气质量较好的情况下，直接采用开窗通风的方式可能会导致过度通风，增加室内的冷热负荷。因此需开发一种既可引入新风，又能对新风进行过滤净化，并可对新风量进行控制调节的通风净化装置。
现有的新风净化装置均采用高效净化的方式，且大多只有一种使用模式。高效过滤(HEPA)可以去除空气中绝大部分的颗粒物，但也具有较大的通风阻力和较高的运行及更换成本。需要指出的是，室外PM2.5浓度随时间和地点变化很大，高效过滤的方式可能只需要在一些严重污染的时段采用。
现有新风净化设备在调节风量时均需用户进行操作，虽满足了用户的个性化需求，但在操作时较为不便，手动调节的方式有时会存在过度通风或欠通风的情况。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种可净化新风且具有多种使用模式的通风净化器，解决现有技术中新风净化装置模式单一，操作不便的问题。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种多模式通风净化器，该通风净化器通过中间隔板分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱；机械通风箱从下到上依次包括粗效过滤器、丝杆滑台A、风机和高效过滤器，高效过滤器上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口A。自然通风箱从下到上依次包括风量调节板、丝杆滑台B、丝杆滑台C和中效过滤器，中效过滤器上部箱体室内侧设置百叶风口B；通风净化器的两个室外侧进风口位于箱体室外侧下部，并在其上方安装了雨搭。丝杆滑台A和丝杆滑台B上设置有室内密封门A和室内密封门B，各密封门后粘贴有保温板，在密封门关闭时起到保温作用。丝杆滑台C上设置有旁通门。通风净化器采用丝杆滑台机械传动机构对各模式 进行切换。丝杆滑台上的滑块可使各密封门进行移动，并通过位置传感器准确限定各密封门移动位置。密封门A和密封门B前设置有百叶风口C和百叶风口D。百叶风口可对进入室内的空气进行大小及方向的调节。通风净化器内部包含控制系统，并在外壳上设置有控制面板。
进一步地，所述室内密封门和旁通门的边缘处与外壳或中间挡板连接处设置有密封垫，确保关闭时密封性更好。
进一步地，所述的控制系统包含可检测室内外空气品质的传感器、控制面板，丝杆滑台电机控制器、风机驱动器、直流电源及控制芯片。可通过该控制系统对各丝杆滑台的运行状态、离心风机的运行及转速大小进行控制。通风净化器的模式及风量具有自动控制和手动控制两种方法。自动控制逻辑为，首先通过室内外空气质量传感器检测空气品质，并通过数据通信的方式将信息传递给微处理器，微处理器将处理后的信息通过PWM信号来控制各丝杆滑台电机的运动以及风机的转动。同时微处理器会将各信息通过数据通信的方式传递到控制面板上，并进行显示。手动控制逻辑为，用户可通过控制面板对通风净化器的模式及风量进行选择，该信号会通过控制面板传入微处理器，之后微处理器对各丝杆滑台电机及离心风机运行方式进行控制，从而调节通风净化器的模式及风量，同样也会将信息显示在控制面板上。
进一步地，所述的可检测室内外空气品质的传感器包含室内CO 2传感器和室内外PM2.5传感器。通过CO 2传感器检测当前CO 2浓度可反映当前室内新风量情况，PM2.5传感器可检测当前室内外PM2.5含量。
进一步地，所述的控制面板包含控制和显示两部分功能。控制功能具体包含开关键、自控模式切换键、同时具有各通风模式选择键及风量增减按键。显示功能为控制面板可显示当前通风模式、室内外空气品质及通风量大小。
进一步地，所述风量调节板的复位状态为竖直状态，此时风量调节板的重心位于转轴的下部，风量调节板的转轴以下部分位于进风口处，转轴限定风量调节板的转动角度为0(调节板呈竖直状态)～90度(调节板呈水平状态)。以保证在无风或微风时，风量调节板复位时处于竖直状态，同时随风压大小摆动到不同的位置，当风量调节板处于竖直位置时，风道的通流面积最大；而当室外风速增大时，风量调节板会进行转动，进而降低风道面积，起到稳定通风量、防止过度通风的作用。
进一步地，所述的粗、中、高效过滤器的通风阻力依次增大。通风净化器室内外壳一 侧与外壁采用铰链连接，可将其开启对到运行寿命的各过滤器进行更换。
进一步地，所述的一种多模式通风净化器具有五种通风模式：
所述的自然通风模式：此模式下旁通门和室内密封门A关闭，室内密封门B开启，室外新风经自然新风入口进入，经风量调节板后，通过百叶风口D送入室内。适用于室外空气质量为优时。
所述的自然新风过滤模式：此模式下旁通门和室内密封门B关闭，室内密封门A开启，室外新风经机械新风入口进入，首先通过粗效过滤器，由于机械通风箱上部具有高效过滤器，阻力较大，所以室外新风基本从百叶风口C送入室内。适用于室外空气轻度污染，室外气象风速较大时。
所述的中效机械新风模式：此模式下室内密封门A和室内密封门B关闭，旁通门开启。在离心风机作用下，室外新风经机械新风入口进入，首先通过粗效过滤器，室外新风通过离心风机后，由于机械通风箱上部具有高效过滤器，具有较大的通风阻力，所以室外新风将旁通进入自然通风箱，之后经中效过滤器后，从百叶风口B送入室内。适用于室外空气轻度污染，室外气象风速较小时或需向室内快速通风时。
所述的高效机械新风模式：此模式下旁通门、室内密封门A和室内密封门B关闭，室外新风经机械新风入口进入，通过粗效过滤器和高效过滤器后，从百叶风口A送入室内。适用于室外空气中、重度污染时。
所述的室内自净模式：此模式下旁通门和室内密封门B关闭，室内密封门A开启，在离心风机的作用下，室内空气经百叶风口C进入通风净化器，通过高效过滤器净化后，从百叶风口A送入室内。适用于室内空气品质较差需快速净化时。
进一步地，所述的一种多模式通风净化器模式自动切换方式为，首先通过传感器检测室内外PM2.5浓度，根据各模式的净化效率，设定其在不同的室外PM2.5浓度下所采用的净化方式,可保证通入的新风PM2.5浓度满足为优。当检测到室内PM2.5浓度不满足为优时，依序运行自然通风、自然新风过滤、中效机械新风、高效机械新风、和室内自净模式，直至室内PM2.5浓度满足为优；而当在某一运行模式下，若室内PM2.5浓度大幅低于优的限值时，则反向依序运行上述各模式，直至室内PM2.5浓度小幅低于优的限值，以节约过滤能耗。所述自动调节风量的方式为，通过检测室内CO 2浓度，判别室内的新风量大小，在室内出现过度通风(CO 2浓度大幅低于1000ppm)或欠通风(CO 2浓度超过1000ppm)时，通过控制系统中的风机驱动器调整风机的转速，从而调节机械通风模式风量的增减， 或者关闭风机只进行自然通风或自然新风过滤，保持室内CO 2浓度小幅低于1000ppm。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、通风净化器针对不同的室内外空气品质及室外气象情况，设计具有多种通风模式，可当室外空气品质为优时，可采用自然通风模式；当室外处于轻度污染，且依靠室外风压可满足室内新风量需求时，可采用自然新风过滤模式；当室外处于轻度污染，且依靠室外风压不能满足室内新风量及室内空气品质需求或室内需快速通风时，可采用中效机械新风模式；室外空气污染较为严重时，可采用高效机械新风模式；而当在室内空气质量较差,需进行快速净化时，可采用室内自净模式，对室内空气进行循环过滤。多种模式配合使用可降低通风能耗。
2、通风净化器控制系统中的自控模式可根据室内外空气质量情况选择当前适合的通风模式及对应通风量，无需人为操作，方便用户使用，且自控系统会为用户提供合适的通风量大小，防止室内过度通风，避免增加额外的通风能耗及室内冷热负荷。用户也可根据个性化需求手动控制使用模式及需求的通风量。控制面板可向用户显示当前通风模式、风量、室内外空气质量等信息。
3、通风净化器采用丝杆滑台机械传动机构来对通风净化器的通风方式进行切换，结构简单，安装方便、行程精度较为准确、密封效果好。
4、通风净化器具有两种无动力通风模式，自然通风和自然新风过滤模式。在室外空气品质为优时可采用自然通风模式，不需要用户再进行开窗，以免造成过度通风，在室外空气处于轻度污染，可采用自然新风过滤模式，满足室内空气品质需求的同时不消耗任何通风能耗。自然通风和自然新风过滤模式分别采用风量调节板和粗效过滤器作为阻力部件，可缓解了室内过度通风的情况。
5、通风净化器仅在室外处于中、重度污染时才采用高效净化模式，可大幅度降低高效净化方式的使用时长，从而降低了通风能耗、延长了高效净化器的使用寿命。降低了通风净化器的运行成本。
本发明采用丝杆滑台机械传动机构配合密封门来实现通风净化器各模式的切换，可手动或自动控制来完成切换操作。装置内部的控制系统中包含可检测室内外空气质量的传感器，可根据该传感器的信息自动选择较为合适的使用模式及风量大小。仅在室外空气处于中、重度污染时对新风采用高效净化的方式；在室外空气质量处于优或轻度污染时，可采用依靠室外压差的自然通风方式，直接向室内进行通风或采用粗效过滤的方式使室内空气 质量达标，并配有风量调节装置，可避免过度通风而增加建筑冷热负荷；同时也可采用通风阻力较低的中效过滤器配合风机向室内进行快速通风；还设计有室内自净模式，可在室内空气品质较差或不宜引入新风时，对室内空气进行内循环净化。
附图说明
图1是一种多模式通风净化器室内侧剖视图；
图2是一种多模式通风净化器室内侧外部示意图；
图3是一种多模式通风净化器室外侧外部示意图；
图4是一种多模式通风净化器室内侧外壳开启示意图；
图5是丝杆滑台结构示意图；
图6是一种多模式通风净化器自然通风模式示意图；
图7是一种多模式通风净化器自然新风过滤模式示意图；
图8是一种多模式通风净化器中效机械新风模式示意图；
图9是一种多模式通风净化器高效机械新风模式示意图；
图10是一种多模式通风净化器室内自净模式示意图；
图11是一种多模式通风净化器控制面板示意图；
图12是一种多模式通风净化器控制逻辑图；
图中：1百叶风口A；2高效过滤器；3离心风机；4室内密封门A；5粗效过滤器；6百叶风口B；7中效过滤器；8丝杆滑台C；9中间隔板；10室内密封门B；11风量调节板；12百叶风口C；13控制面板；14百叶风口D；15雨搭；16自然新风入口；17机械新风入口；18电机；19联轴器；20丝杆；21滑台底座；22保温板；23滑块；24室内侧保温板；25丝杆滑台B；26室外侧保温板；27丝杆滑台A；28旁通门。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行作详细描述。
如图1-12所示，一种多模式通风净化器，通风净化器由中间隔板9将其分为两个箱体。从室内侧看，通风净化器包含左侧机械通风箱和右侧的自然通风箱。机械通风箱内从下到上依次包括机械新风入口17、粗效过滤器5、丝杆滑台A27、室内密封门A4、百叶风口C12、离心风机3、高效过滤器2以及百叶风口A1。自然通风箱内从下到上依次包括自然新风入口16、风量调节板11、丝杆滑台B25、室内密封门B10、百叶风口D14、丝杆滑台C8、旁通门28、中效过滤器7以及百叶风口B6。在通风净化器室内外侧设置室内侧保 温板24和室外侧保温板26，在通风净化器室内侧设置有控制面板13。
图4是一种多模式通风净化器室内侧外壳开启示意图。通风净化器室内外壳一侧与室内侧壁采用铰链连接，可通过将其开启对通风净化器所用的过滤器进行更换。
图5是丝杆滑台结构示意图。通风净化器通过丝杆滑台机械传动机构对各通风模式进行切换。其中滑块23套于丝杆20上，滑块23上连接有各密封门，电机18启动时可带动丝杆20转动，进而对滑块23和密封门进行移动，同时在滑台上设置有位置传感器，可控制滑台在规定范围内运动。通风净化器外壳上与各密封门所接触部分粘有密封垫，在密封门关闭时起到密封作用。
图6为一种多模式通风净化器自然通风模式示意图。自然通风模式适用于室外空气质量为优时。如图所示，此模式下旁通门28和室内密封门A4关闭，室内密封门B10开启，室外新风经自然新风入口16进入，经风量调节板11后，通过百叶风口D14送入室内。
图7是一种多模式通风净化器自然新风过滤模式示意图。自然新风过滤模式适用于室外空气轻度污染，室外气象风速较大时。如图所示，此模式下旁通门28和室内密封门B10关闭，室内密封门A4开启，室外新风经机械新风入口17进入，首先通过粗效过滤器5，由于机械通风箱上部具有高效过滤器2，所以室外新风基本从百叶风口C12送入室内。
图8是一种多模式通风净化器中效机械新风模式示意图。中效机械新风模式适用于室外空气轻度污染，室外气象风速较小或需向室内快速通风时。如图所示，此模式下室内密封门A4和室内密封门B10关闭，旁通门28开启，在离心风机3作用下，室外新风经机械新风入口17进入，首先通过粗效过滤器5，室外新风通过离心风机3后，由于机械通风箱上部的高效过滤器2具有较大的通风阻力，所以室外新风将旁通进入自然通风箱，之后经中效过滤器7后，从百叶风口B6送入室内。
图9是一种多模式通风净化器高效机械新风模式示意图。高效机械新风模式适用于室外空气中、重度污染时。如图所示，此模式下旁通门28、室内密封门A4和室内密封门B10关闭，室外新风经机械新风入口17进入，通过粗效过滤器5和高效过滤器2后，从百叶风口A1送入室内。
图10是一种多模式通风净化器室内自净模式示意图。室内自净模式适用于室内空气品质较差需要快速净化时。如图所示，此模式下旁通门28和室内密封门B10关闭，室内密封门A4开启，在离心风机3的作用下，室内空气经百叶风口C12进入通风净化器，通过高效过滤器2净化后，从百叶风口A1送入室内。
图11是一种多模式通风净化器控制面板示意图。控制面板包含控制按键和显示两部分功能。控制功能方面具体包含开关键、自控模式选择键、通风模式选择键及风量增减按键。显示功能为控制面板13可显示当前通风模式、室内外空气品质及通风量大小。
图12是一种多模式通风净化器控制逻辑图。通风净化器的控制系统包含可检测室内外空气品质的传感器、控制面板，丝杆滑台电机控制器、风机驱动器、直流电源及控制芯片。该控制系统可对通风净化器模式及风量进行选择，具有自动控制和手动控制两种方法。自动控制逻辑为，首先通过室内外空气质量传感器检测空气品质，室内CO 2和室内外PM2.5浓度，并通过数据通信的方式将信息传递给微处理器，在处理器中设定了不同的室外PM2.5浓度下所需采用的净化方式，微处理器将处理后的信息通过PWM信号来控制各丝杆滑台电机的运动以及风机的转动。同时微处理器会将各信息通过数据通信的方式传递到控制面板上，并进行显示。通风器自控系统中会根据各模式的净化效率，设定其在不同的室外PM2.5浓度下所采用的净化方式,可保证通入的新风PM2.5浓度满足为优。自动控制下模式切换方式为，首先通过传感器检测室内外PM2.5浓度，当检测到室内PM2.5浓度不满足为优时，依序运行自然通风、自然新风过滤、中效机械新风、高效机械新风和室内自净模式，直至室内PM2.5浓度为优；而当选择在某一模式下运行时，若室内PM2.5浓度大幅低于优的限值时，则依序反向运行各模式，但仍要确保PM2.5浓度满足为优。这样不但满足室内空气品质需求且通风能耗最低。自动调节风量的方式为，通过检测室内CO 2浓度，判别室内的新风量大小，在室内出现过度通风或欠通风，从而调节机械通风模式风量的增减，或者关闭风机只进行自然通风或自然新风过滤模式。手动控制逻辑为，用户可通过控制面板对通风净化器的模式及风量进行选择，该信号会通过控制面板传入微处理器，之后微处理器对各丝杆滑台电机及离心风机运行方式进行控制，从而调节通风净化器的模式及风量，同样也会将信息显示在控制面板上。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，通风净化器通过中间隔板分为机械通风箱和自然通风箱；机械通风箱内从下到上依次具有粗效过滤器、丝杆滑台A、风机和高效过滤器，自然通风箱内从下到上依次具有风量调节板、丝杆滑台B、丝杆滑台C和中效过滤器；通风净化器的两个室外侧进风口位于箱体室外侧下部，丝杆滑台A和丝杆滑台B上设置有室内密封门A和室内密封门B，各密封门后粘贴有保温板，丝杆滑台C上设置有旁通门；在通风净化器两个箱体室内侧上部以及各密封门外设置有室内送风口；所述通风净化器设置有控制系统，可配合各丝杆滑台及风机对通风净化器各模式及风量进行手动或自动的切换和调节。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述室内密封门和旁通门的边缘处与外壳或中间挡板连接处设置有密封垫，确保其关闭时密封性更好。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，在通风净化器室内侧送风口外均设置有百叶风口。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述控制系统包含可检测室内外空气品质的传感器、控制面板，丝杆滑台电机控制器、风机驱动器、直流电源及控制芯片。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述控制系统中的传感器包含室内CO 2和室内外PM2.5传感器。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述控制系统中的控制面板可进行手动或自动选择各通风模式及调节风量；所述控制面板可显示当前的使用模式、风量及室内外空气品质；控制面板位于通风净化器室内侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述风量调节板的复位状态为竖直状态，此时风量调节板的重心位于其转轴的下部，风量调节板的转轴以下部 分位于通风净化器自然新风入口处，转轴限定风量调节板的转动角度为0～90度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，包含五种通风模式:
    自然通风模式：室外空气经自然新风入口进入，室内密封门B开启，室外风通过风量调节板后，经自然通风箱侧的百叶风口D送入室内；离心风机、旁通门和室内密封门A处于关闭状态；
    自然新风过滤模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，室内密封门A开启，室外风通过粗效过滤器后，经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口C送入室内；离心风机、旁通门和室内密封门B处于关闭状态；
    中效机械新风模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下先通过粗效过滤器，此时位于高效过滤器与风机之间的旁通门开启，空气经旁通门进入自然通风箱，之后通过中效过滤器后，经自然通风箱侧的百叶风口B送入室内；室内密封门A和室内密封门B处于关闭状态；
    高效机械新风模式：室外空气经机械新风入口进入，在离心风机的作用下依次通过粗、高效过滤器后，经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口A送入室内；旁通门、室内密封门A和室内密封门B处于关闭状态；
    室内自净模式：此模式通风净化器室内密封门A开启，开启离心风机，风机从室内吸风，之后通过高效过滤器后，经机械通风箱侧的百叶风口A送入室内。旁通门和室内密封门B处于关闭状态。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任意一项权利要求所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于所述自动切换模式的方法为，首先通过传感器检测室内外PM2.5浓度，根据各模式的净化效率，设定其在不同的室外PM2.5浓度下所采用的净化方式。当检测到室内PM2.5浓度不满足为优时，依序运行自然通风、自然新风过滤、中效机械新风、高效机械新风和室内自净模式，直至室内PM2.5浓度满足为优；而当在某一运行模式下，若室内PM2.5浓度大幅低于优的限值时，则反向依序运行上述各模式，直至室内PM2.5浓度小幅低于优的限值。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8任意一项权利要求所述的一种多模式通风净化器，其特征在于，所述自动调节风量的方法为，通过检测室内CO2浓度，判别室内的新风量，在室内出现 过度通风或欠通风时，通过控制系统中的风机驱动器调整风机的转速，从而调节机械通风模式风量的增减，或者关闭风机只进行自然通风或自然新风过滤，直至室内CO2浓度小幅低于1000ppm。
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