WO2020177232A1 - 一种基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法 - Google Patents
一种基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法 Download PDFInfo
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
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Definitions
- the invention relates to a sugarcane planting zoning method, in particular to a sugarcane planting zoning method based on a comprehensive suitability index.
- the primary problem for the adjustment of the sugarcane industry structure is to optimize the regional layout of sugarcane planting. Only by realizing the optimal allocation of various resources in accordance with local conditions can it save costs and increase efficiency and achieve high-yield and efficient planting.
- the present invention proposes a sugarcane based on comprehensive suitability index based on comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the agricultural production zoning elements in the main sugarcane production areas in China
- the planting zoning method provides a scientific basis for optimizing the layout of sugarcane production and making full use of natural resources to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages to improve the efficiency of sugarcane field production.
- the present invention combines the relevant technical methods of meteorology, soil science, sugarcane cultivation and crop modeling. Firstly, single index classification evaluation is performed on the climate, soil and sugarcane production potential of the sugarcane planting area, and then the comprehensive suitability is calculated Index for sugarcane planting zoning.
- the present invention achieves its goals through the following technical solutions:
- a sugarcane planting zoning method based on comprehensive suitability index includes the following steps:
- Step (1) evaluation of natural climate conditions
- the evaluation of natural climate conditions includes: annual value evaluation of total solar radiation based on sunshine hours; temperature evaluation based on daily maximum and minimum temperature and annual precipitation evaluation based on daily precipitation;
- the temperature evaluation based on the daily maximum and minimum temperature is performed as follows:
- the following indicators are calculated: annual average temperature Tav, accumulated temperature ⁇ 20°C, Tt, annual extreme minimum temperature Tm and daily temperature difference Tr; according to Tav, Tt, Tm , Tr size, respectively, assign the temperature suitability index SSI _Tav , SSI _Tt , SSI _Tm and SSI _Tr ;
- Step (2) evaluation of soil water and fertilizer conditions
- the evaluation of soil water and fertilizer conditions includes soil moisture evaluation and soil fertility evaluation.
- the soil moisture evaluation is: sampling the typical soil of the local sugarcane area with a sampling depth of 0-60cm, measuring the soil holding and withering water content and calculating the effective soil content
- Water amount SAW, the soil water suitability index SSI _SAW is assigned according to the size of SAW
- the evaluation of soil fertility is: sampling the typical soil of the sugarcane area, the sampling depth is 0-20cm, and the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkaline nitrogen, available phosphorus and
- the available potassium content is classified according to the soil nutrient classification standard of the sugarcane area (level 1-6), and the soil nutrient suitability index SSI _SNL is assigned according to the classification situation SNL;
- the sugarcane production potential evaluation includes: planting scale evaluation and cane stalk yield evaluation; among them, the planting scale evaluation is: collecting the sugarcane planting area data of the area in the past 3 years, calculating the perennial sugarcane planting area SPA by the average value, and planting the scale according to the size of the SPA Suitability SSI _SPA assignment; sugarcane stalk yield evaluation is: based on local multi-year ground climate data daily value data set (daily total solar radiation, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature and daily rainfall) and the above-mentioned sugarcane area soil water and fertilizer conditions, refer to sugarcane Relevant management measures for standardized production of high-yield and high-sugar, use APSIM-Sugar model to simulate the multi-year average cane stalk yield TCH of the main local sugarcane varieties, and assign the stalk yield suitability SSI _TCH according to the size of the TCH;
- Step (4) zoning sugarcane planting based on the comprehensive suitability index
- CSI (SSI _Rad +SSI _Tav +SSI _Tt +SSI _Tm +SSI _Tr +SSI _Pre +SSI _SAW +SSI _SNL +SSI _SPA +SSI _TCH ) ⁇ 0.1
- SSI _Rad , SSI _Tav , SSI _Tt , SSI _Tm , SSI _Tr , SSI _Pre , SSI _SAW , SSI _SNL , SSI _SPA , SSI _TCH are the annual value of total solar radiation, annual mean temperature, annual accumulated temperature of ⁇ 20°C Extreme minimum temperature, daily temperature range, annual rainfall, soil effective water content, soil nutrient grade, planting scale, and cane stem yield individual suitability assignment; when 1 ⁇ CSI ⁇ 2, this area is the most suitable area for sugarcane production ; When 2 ⁇ CSI ⁇ 3, this area is suitable for sugarcane production; when 3 ⁇ CSI ⁇ 5, this area is suboptimal for sugarcane production.
- step (1) the default values of a and b are 0.25 and 0.5, respectively, or the values of a and b are corrected by formulas (3) and (4):
- H is the local altitude, m.
- the present invention conducts quantitative evaluation through climate, soil and key factors in sugarcane production, which is scientific and reasonable.
- the present invention combines the technical methods of meteorology, soil science, sugarcane cultivation and crop modeling to carry out sugarcane planting zoning, which can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of various resources.
- the present invention uses a unified single index suitability index and a comprehensive suitability index to evaluate the sugarcane production potential of different sugarcane areas, which is convenient for comparison and easy to popularize and apply, and is beneficial to make full use of natural conditions for the reasonable planning of sugarcane production layout And scientific planting, saving costs and increasing efficiency, promote the sugarcane industry towards the overall goal of "high yield, high sugar, high efficiency, intensive, ecological and safe”.
- the sugarcane planting zoning method based on the comprehensive suitability index of this embodiment, for planting zoning for the Gengma sugarcane area in Yunnan, includes the following steps:
- Step (1) evaluation of natural climate conditions
- the evaluation of natural climate conditions includes: annual value evaluation of total solar radiation based on sunshine hours; temperature evaluation based on daily maximum and minimum temperature and annual precipitation evaluation based on daily precipitation;
- the annual value of total solar radiation based on sunshine hours is calculated as follows:
- the daily maximum and minimum temperature are evaluated as follows:
- This example calculates the annual value of the local solar radiation Rad, the annual average temperature Tav, the accumulated temperature ⁇ 20°C, the annual extreme minimum temperature Tm, the daily temperature difference Tr and the annual precipitation based on the daily value data of the surface climate data in Gengma from 1981 to 2010.
- the results are shown in Table 1.
- Step (2) evaluation of soil water and fertilizer conditions
- soil moisture evaluation includes field holding, withering coefficient, effective water content, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium content
- soil moisture evaluation is: reference NY/T 52-1987 and NY/T 1121.22-2010 Standard Methods for Soil Moisture Determination
- SAW SAW (%)
- the soil fertility evaluation is:
- Evaluation of sugarcane production potential includes: planting scale evaluation and cane stem yield evaluation.
- the planting scale is evaluated as:
- the yield of cane stalk is evaluated as:
- Gengma's sugarcane production potential was evaluated based on Gengma's perennial sugarcane planting area SPA and APSIM-Sugar model simulation calculation of multi-year average cane stalk yield TCH. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Step (4) zoning sugarcane planting based on the comprehensive suitability index
- the comprehensive index CSI of sugarcane production suitability is calculated according to the individual index suitability SSI of Gengma climate, soil and sugarcane production potential obtained in steps (1)-(3).
- CSI (SSI _Rad +SSI _Tav +SSI _Tt +SSI _Tm +SSI _Tr +SSI _Pre +SSI _SAW +SSI _SNL +SSI _SPA +SSI _TCH ) ⁇ 0.1
- the sugarcane planting zoning method based on the comprehensive suitability index of this embodiment is based on the planting zoning of the Yuanjiang sugarcane area in Yunnan.
- the specific method is the same as that of Example 1.
- the results are shown in Table 4:
- the sugarcane planting zoning method based on the comprehensive suitability index of this embodiment is based on the planting zoning of the sugarcane area in Guangnan, Yunnan.
- the specific method is the same as that in Example 1.
- the results are shown in Table 5.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 一种基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:步骤(1)、自然气候条件评价对自然气候条件的评价包括:基于日照时数的太阳总辐射年值评价;基于日最高、最低气温的温度评价和基于日降水量的年降水量评价;太阳总辐射年值评价按以下进行:首先根据式(1)计算太阳总辐射日值,式中Rs为日地表太阳总辐射,MJ/m 2;Ra为日晴空太阳总辐射,MJ/m 2;n为日照时数,h;N为日长,h;a和b为模型经验系数;然后根据式(2)计算太阳总辐射年值,式中i为日序;Rs i为日序为i当天的日地表太阳总辐射,MJ/m 2;Rad为全年365天的日太阳总辐射累加值,即太阳总辐射年值,MJ/m 2;根据Rad的大小进行太阳辐射适宜度指数SSI _Rad赋值;基于日最高、最低气温的温度评价按以下进行:利用该区域多年地面气候资料日值数据集的日最高、最低气温计算如下指标:年均温Tav、≥20℃积温Tt、年极端最低气温Tm和气温日较差Tr;根据Tav、Tt、Tm、Tr大小分别进行温度适宜度指数SSI _Tav、SSI _Tt、SSI _Tm和SSI _Tr的赋值;基于日降水量的年降水量评价按以下进行:利用该区域多年地面气候资料日值数据集的日降水量计算年降水量Pre,根据Pre大小进年降水量适宜度指数SSI _Pre赋值;步骤(2)、土壤水肥条件评价土壤水肥条件评价包括土壤水分评价和土壤肥力评价,其中,土壤水分评价为:对当地蔗区典型土壤进行抽样,取样深度为0-60cm,测定土壤田持和凋萎含水量并计算土壤有效含水量SAW,根据SAW大小进行土壤水分适宜度指数SSI _SAW赋值;土壤肥力评价为:对蔗区典型土壤进行抽样,取样深度为0-20cm,测定土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量,根据蔗区土壤养分分级标准进行分级,根据分级情况SNL进行土壤养分适宜度指数SSI _SNL赋值;步骤(3)、甘蔗生产潜力评价甘蔗生产潜力评价包括:种植规模评价和蔗茎产量评价;其中,种植规模评价为:收集 该区域近3年的甘蔗种植面积数据,通过平均值计算常年甘蔗种植面积SPA,根据SPA大小进行种植规模适宜度SSI _SPA赋值;蔗茎产量评价为:基于当地多年地面气候资料日值数据集和蔗区土壤水肥条件,参考甘蔗高产高糖标准化生产的相关管理措施,利用APSIM-Sugar模型模拟当地甘蔗主栽品种的多年平均蔗茎产量TCH,根据TCH大小进行蔗茎产量适宜度SSI _TCH赋值;步骤(4)、基于综合适宜度指数区划甘蔗种植按下式计算甘蔗生产综合适宜度指数CSI:CSI=(SSI _Rad+SSI _Tav+SSI _Tt+SSI _Tm+SSI _Tr+SSI _Pre+SSI _SAW+SSI _SNL+SSI _SPA+SSI _TCH)×0.1,其中,SSI _Rad、SSI _Tav、SSI _Tt、SSI _Tm、SSI _Tr、SSI _Pre、SSI _SAW、SSI _SNL、SSI _SPA、SSI _TCH依次为太阳总辐射年值、年均温、≥20℃积温、年极端最低气温、气温日较差、年降雨量、土壤有效水分含量、土壤养分等级、种植规模、蔗茎产量的单项适宜度赋值;当1≤CSI≤2时,该区域为甘蔗生产最适宜区;当2<CSI≤3时,该区域为甘蔗生产适宜区;当3<CSI≤5时,该区域为甘蔗生产次适宜区。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,a和b默认取值分别为0.25和0.5,或者采用式(3)和式(4)对a和b取值进行校正:a=1.57×10 -5×H+0.1705 (3);b=2.01×10 -5×H+0.5416 (4);式中,H为当地海拔,m。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,Rad≥5000时,SSI _Rad=1;5000>Rad≥4000时,SSI _Rad=3;Rad<4000时,SSI _Rad=5;Tav≥20时,SSI _Tav=1;20>Tav≥15时,SSI _Tav=3;Tav<15时,SSI _Tav=5,Tav单位为℃;Tt≥5000时,SSI _Tt=1;5000>Tt≥3000时,SSI _Tt=3;Tt<3000时,SSI _Tt=5,Tt单位为℃·d;Tm≥-2时,SSI _Tm=1;-4≤Tm<-2时,SSI _Tm=3;Tm<-4时,SSI _Tm=5,Tm单位为℃;Tr≥12时,SSI _Tr=1;12>Tr≥10时,SSI _Tr=3;Tr<10时,SSI _Tr=5,Tr单位为℃;1500≤Pre≤2000时,SSI _Pre=1;1000≤Pre<1500或2000<Pre≤2500时,SSI _Pre=3;Pre>2500或Pre<1000时,SSI _Pre=5;Pre单位为mm。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,SAW≥20时,SSI _SAW=1;20>SAW≥10时,SSI _SAW=3;SAW<10时,SSI _SAW=5;SAW单位为%;SNL=1-2为高养分土壤,SSI _SNL=1;SNL=3为中养分土壤,SSI _SNL=3;SNL=4-6为低养分土壤,SSI _SNL=5。
- 根据权利要求1所述的基于综合适宜度指数的甘蔗种植区划方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,SPA≥20000时,SSI _SPA=1;20000>SPA≥10000时,SSI _SPA=3;SPA<10000时,SSI _SPA=5,SPA单位为hm 2;TCH≥90时,SSI _TCH=1;90>TCH≥60时,SSI _TCH=3;TCH<60时,SSI _TCH=5,TCH单位为t/hm 2。
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