WO2020173114A1 - Method and device for simulating shale oil flow - Google Patents

Method and device for simulating shale oil flow Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020173114A1
WO2020173114A1 PCT/CN2019/114056 CN2019114056W WO2020173114A1 WO 2020173114 A1 WO2020173114 A1 WO 2020173114A1 CN 2019114056 W CN2019114056 W CN 2019114056W WO 2020173114 A1 WO2020173114 A1 WO 2020173114A1
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shale
amount
unit volume
crude oil
desorbable
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PCT/CN2019/114056
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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王文东
李萌
苏玉亮
李亚军
宫厚健
徐纪龙
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中国石油大学(华东)
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Publication of WO2020173114A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020173114A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/08—Obtaining fluid samples or testing fluids, in boreholes or wells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas field development engineering, in particular to a method and device for simulating shale oil flow.
  • Shale oil refers to the oil that is enriched in the organic-rich black shale formation. It exists in free, adsorbed and dissolved forms. Generally, the oil is lighter and has lower viscosity. It is mainly stored in nano-scale pore throats and fracture systems. Among them, the microcracks are distributed along the lamellar bedding plane or parallel to it.
  • the main characteristics of shale oil are: rich in organic matter, there is adsorption and desorption phenomenon in the mining process; pore types are complex (including organic pores, inorganic pores, and micro-cracks); fluid occurrence forms are diverse (including free state, adsorbed state, and dissolved state) )and many more.
  • shale reservoirs are rich in organic matter and have a large number of micro-nano pores, capillary forces exist in the process of oil and gas two-phase flow, which makes shale oil have many kinds of fluid transport such as desorption, diffusion, Darcy flow and non-Darcy flow. It is impossible to describe the flow mechanism of shale oil by using existing numerical simulation methods.
  • the present invention is proposed to provide a method and device for simulating the flow of shale oil that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems.
  • the method and device describe the organic matter in shale through chemical reaction equations.
  • the process of adsorption and desorption with oil and the conversion process of dissolved gas in micro-nano pores are then numerically simulated based on reservoir numerical simulation software.
  • a method for simulating shale oil flow which includes the following steps:
  • the organic carbon content per unit volume of shale determines the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed in unit volume of shale;
  • the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the unit volume
  • the amount of desorbable gas substances in the shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on the reservoir numerical simulation software establish a description page A model of the seepage characteristics of crude oil in the rock.
  • the above chemical reaction equation includes:
  • Reaction 5 Dissolved gas ⁇ Dispersed gas
  • Reaction 6 Dispersed gas ⁇ continuous gas.
  • No is the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed per unit volume of shale
  • TOC is the organic carbon content of unit volume of shale
  • K 1 is a constant
  • Mo is the molecular weight of crude oil
  • ⁇ r is the density of shale.
  • the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale Obtained by the following formula:
  • N ko TOC ⁇ K 2 (P 0 -P)C o
  • N kg TOC ⁇ K 2 (P 0 -P)C g
  • N k1 N 0 -N ko -N kg
  • N ko is the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale
  • N kg is the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale
  • N k1 is the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale
  • P 0 is the initial reservoir pressure
  • P is the reservoir pressure at the end of production
  • C o is the amount of oil in the initial state
  • C g is the amount of gas in the initial state.
  • the modified porosity of the shale is obtained by the following formula:
  • ⁇ 1 is the modified porosity of shale
  • ⁇ 0 is the original porosity of shale
  • ⁇ ko is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination
  • ⁇ kg is the mole of the desorbable kerogen and gas combination Density
  • ⁇ k1 is the molar density of non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination.
  • reaction rate is obtained by the following formula:
  • r is the reaction rate
  • r k is the reaction rate constant
  • e k is the reaction order
  • C ko is the molar concentration of the desorbable kerogen and oil conjugate
  • C kg is the desorbable kerogen and gas conjugate Molarity.
  • a device for simulating the flow of shale oil includes:
  • the first determination module is used to determine the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale according to the organic carbon content of the unit volume of shale, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of crude oil;
  • the second determination module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale and the amount of crude oil material in the unit volume of shale according to the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil material in the unit volume of shale, the dissolved gas-oil ratio, and the reservoir pressure.
  • the third determining module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale To determine the modified porosity of shale;
  • the fourth determination module is used to describe the reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of the shale, and the unit The amount of desorbable gas in the volumetric shale determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
  • the establishment module is used for the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale , The amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on reservoir numerical simulation Software to establish a model describing the characteristics of crude oil seepage in shale.
  • the numerical simulation method and device describe the flow characteristics of different occurrence states of shale oil in the oil field production process by establishing a reaction model, including the percolation of free crude oil, and the adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed and miscible crude oil in organic matter , The influence of capillary force on the occurrence of dissolved gas, etc., combined with indoor physical simulation experiments, determine the chemical reaction equation, reaction rate, and reaction order parameters (calibrate each parameter), and finally use the reservoir numerical simulation method to establish considerations Numerical simulation model of the complex flow mechanism of shale oil, so as to simulate the flow characteristics of unconventional shale oil.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for simulating shale oil flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for simulating shale oil flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating shale oil flow.
  • the numerical simulation method includes the following steps:
  • Step 101 According to the organic carbon content of the shale per unit volume, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of the crude oil, determine the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the shale per unit volume;
  • Step 102 Determine the amount of desorbable crude oil, desorbable gas and non-desorbable crude oil in unit volume of shale according to the amount of maximum adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, dissolved gas-oil ratio and reservoir pressure The amount;
  • Step 103 Determine the corrected shale porosity according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale;
  • Step 104 According to the pre-established reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale and the desorbable gas per unit volume of shale The amount of substance determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
  • Step 105 According to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure conditions during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the amount of the largest adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, and the amount of degassable substance per unit volume of shale Based on the reservoir numerical simulation software, a model describing the characteristics of crude oil in shale is established based on the volume, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in unit volume of shale, the modified porosity of shale, reaction order and reaction rate.
  • the numerical simulation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention describes the flow characteristics of shale oil in different occurrence states during the production process by establishing a reaction model, including the percolation of free crude oil, and the adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed and miscible crude oil in organic matter.
  • a reaction model including the percolation of free crude oil, and the adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed and miscible crude oil in organic matter.
  • the influence of capillary force on the occurrence of dissolved gas, etc. combined with indoor physical simulation experiments, determine the chemical reaction equation, reaction rate, and reaction order parameters (calibrate each parameter), and finally establish a consideration page with the help of reservoir numerical simulation methods Numerical simulation model of rock oil complex flow mechanism, so as to realize the simulation of unconventional shale oil flow characteristics.
  • step 105 the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of shale oil percolation and the pressure condition when the chemical reaction equation reacts are predetermined.
  • Reaction 4 Kerogen+dissolved gas ⁇ kerogen ⁇ dissolved gas.
  • reaction 1 When there is only oil in the reservoir, as the pressure decreases, reaction 1 begins; on the contrary, as the pressure increases, reaction 2 begins; when the reservoir contains oil and dissolved gas, as the pressure decreases, reaction 1 and reaction 3 begin On the contrary, as the pressure increases, reaction 2 and reaction 4 start to proceed.
  • the ratio of the amount of kerogen to the substance adsorbing crude oil does not affect the total adsorption amount and reaction rate, and can be simplified to 1:1.
  • the pressure conditions when the specific reaction occurs can be determined by the actual situation to be simulated.
  • the capillary force of shale micro-nano pores also has a greater impact on the occurrence of dissolved gas during the two-phase flow of crude oil.
  • the pressure drops to the saturation pressure, the gas cannot immediately form a continuous phase due to the capillary force, but exists in the micro-nano pores in a dispersed state, forming a flooding process similar to foam oil.
  • the pressure continues to decrease to the apparent saturation pressure , The gas forms a continuous phase, the gas-oil ratio increases, and the output decreases. Therefore, the following chemical reactions are defined:
  • Reaction 5 Dissolved gas ⁇ Dispersed gas
  • Reaction 6 Dispersed gas ⁇ continuous gas.
  • the saturation pressure can be calculated by the flash equation, can also be determined by experimental methods, or can be obtained directly by looking up the table; the apparent saturation pressure can be calculated by the experimental method correction formula, or can be determined by the experimental method.
  • step 101 determine the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed per unit volume of shale.
  • TOC value organic carbon content
  • TOC value organic carbon content
  • organic carbon content is an important parameter to determine the content of kerogen in shale
  • TOC value can be used to determine the maximum adsorption per unit volume of shale The amount of crude material.
  • the amount of adsorbed crude oil is higher (this part of crude oil is desorbed into the pores as the reservoir pressure decreases, thereby slowing down the decrease in reservoir pressure and increasing reservoir production. Conducive to the maintenance of production).
  • the existing research results show that under isothermal conditions, with the increase of reservoir pressure, the ability of shale to adsorb crude oil gradually increases, and there is a good linear positive correlation between the adsorbed crude oil content and the organic carbon content.
  • Type I kerogen (sapropel type), mainly containing lipid compounds, more linear alkanes, less polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups, with high hydrogen and low oxygen content, great oil-generating potential;
  • Type II kerogen The hydrogen content is higher, but slightly lower than type I kerogen.
  • polycyclic carbon skeleton containing more medium-length linear alkanes and cycloalkanes, and also contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heteroatom functional groups, which are derived from marine floating Biological and microbial, medium oil-generating potential;
  • Type III kerogen humic type
  • with low hydrogen and high oxygen content mainly containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups, few saturated hydrocarbons, derived from higher terrestrial plants, Oil generation is unfavorable, but when buried deep enough, it can become a favorable source of oil and gas.
  • kerogen component can be calculated by the following equation molecular weight M k (basic physical parameters), and the maximum adsorption unit volume of shale oil material in an amount N o:
  • Mo is the molecular weight of crude oil
  • K c is the mass fraction of carbon in kerogen
  • ⁇ r is the density of shale
  • TOC is the organic carbon content per unit volume of shale
  • K 1 is a constant.
  • M o is the molecular weight of crude oil. For example, it can be calculated by assuming that kerogen and oil or gas are adsorbed at a ratio of 1:1.
  • the TOC value can be directly determined through experiments or obtained through relevant historical data; its range is usually between 0 and 10%.
  • K c can be obtained by methods such as combustion experiment, chromatographic analysis, etc., and can also be obtained by searching data, which can be determined according to the actual situation of the study area. K c is distributed from 0.1 to 0.9.
  • step 102 Determine the amount of desorbable source oil substance in unit volume of shale and desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale according to the amount of maximum adsorbed crude oil substance in unit volume of shale, dissolved gas-oil ratio, and reservoir pressure And the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale.
  • N k K 2 p+C
  • N k is the actual amount of adsorbed crude oil material per unit volume of shale
  • p is the reservoir pressure
  • K 2 and C are constants, which can be determined experimentally according to actual conditions or directly determined according to the type of kerogen.
  • the amount of desorbable crude oil material and the amount of desorbable gas material from kerogen can be calculated, that is, the reduction During the compression mining process, the amount of kerogen and oil combination and kerogen and gas combination that participate in the reaction in the unit volume of shale.
  • the formula is as follows:
  • N ko TOC ⁇ K 2 (P 0 -P)C o
  • N kg TOC ⁇ K 2 (P 0 -P)C g
  • N k1 N 0 -N ko -N kg
  • N ko is the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale
  • N kg is the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale
  • N k1 is the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale
  • P 0 is the initial reservoir pressure
  • P is the reservoir pressure at the end of production
  • C o is the amount of oil in the initial state
  • C g is the amount of gas in the initial state.
  • P 0 and P can be measured according to actual production conditions, C o and C g can be directly calculated according to the known dissolved gas-oil ratio; K 2 can be obtained from the above-mentioned relationship curve between adsorption capacity and pressure.
  • step 103 Determine the corrected porosity of the shale according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale.
  • ⁇ 1 is the modified porosity
  • ⁇ 0 is the original porosity
  • ⁇ ko is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination
  • ⁇ kg is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and gas combination
  • ⁇ k1 It is the molar density of the non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination.
  • the density is known
  • the molecular weight M k of kerogen has been calculated and given above
  • the molecular weight of oil and gas is known
  • the molecular weight of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination the molecular weight of kerogen + the molecular weight of oil, which can be desorbed
  • the molecular weight of the kerogen and gas combination the molecular weight of kerogen + the molecular weight of gas
  • the molecular weight of the non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination the molecular weight of kerogen + the average molecular weight of crude oil.
  • step 104 the reaction order and reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation are determined.
  • the reaction rate can be obtained by the following formula:
  • r is the reaction rate
  • r k is the reaction rate constant
  • e k is the reaction order
  • C ko is the molar concentration of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination
  • C kg is the desorbable kerogen and gas combination Molarity.
  • r k and e k can be determined by decompression and desorption experiments, and C ko and C kg can be calculated by N ko , N kg and the original porosity ⁇ 0 .
  • step 105 according to the above-mentioned chemical reaction equation and its pressure conditions, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas substance per unit volume of shale, the unit The amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in volumetric shale, modified porosity, reaction order and reaction rate, establish a numerical simulation model based on reservoir numerical simulation software.
  • the reservoir numerical simulation software is a software for simulating the dynamics of the reservoir in the reservoir, and the software used in the embodiment of the present invention may be CMG reservoir numerical simulation software.
  • the determined reaction equation, reaction conditions, reaction rate, reaction order, amount of reactant material, modified porosity and other numerical simulation parameters and basic physical property parameters are substituted into the reservoir numerical simulation software to establish a description Numerical simulation model of shale oil characteristics, and then carry out the numerical simulation of shale oil development.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for simulating the flow of shale oil. As shown in FIG. 2, the device includes:
  • the first determination module 201 is used to determine the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed in the unit volume of shale according to the organic carbon content of the unit volume of shale, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of the crude oil;
  • the second determination module 202 is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil in the unit volume of shale and the amount of crude oil in the unit volume of shale according to the amount of the maximum adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the dissolved gas-oil ratio, and the reservoir pressure.
  • the third determination module 203 is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale. To determine the corrected porosity of shale;
  • the fourth determination module 204 is used to describe the reaction order of the chemical reaction equation that describes the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, and the The amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
  • the establishment module 205 is configured to react according to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale
  • the amount, the amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order, and the reaction rate are based on reservoir values Simulation software to establish a model describing the characteristics of crude oil seepage in shale.
  • the device for simulating the flow of shale oil provided by the above-mentioned embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules for illustration when simulating the flow of shale oil.
  • the above-mentioned functions can be allocated by Different functional modules are completed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the device for simulating the flow of shale oil provided by the above-mentioned embodiment belongs to the same concept as the embodiment of the method for simulating the flow of shale oil. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

A method and device for simulating shale oil flow. Flow characteristics of shale oil having different occurrence states in an oilfield production process are described by establishing a reaction model; free state crude oil seepage, adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed miscible state crude oil in organic matters and influence of capillary force on the occurrence state of dissolved gas are comprised; and by combining indoor physical simulation experiments, parameters such as chemical reaction equation, reaction rate, and reaction order are determined, and finally, a numerical simulation model considering a complex flow mechanism of shale oil is established by means of an oil reservoir numerical simulation method, so that the simulation of the seepage characteristics of unconventional shale oil is implemented.

Description

一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法及装置Method and device for simulating shale oil flow 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及非常规油气田开发工程技术领域，特别涉及一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of unconventional oil and gas field development engineering, in particular to a method and device for simulating shale oil flow.
背景技术Background technique
页岩油是指富集在富有机质黑色页岩地层中的石油，以游离、吸附及溶解态等方式存在，一般油质较轻、黏度较低，主要储集于纳米级孔喉和裂缝系统中，多沿片状层理面或与其平行的微裂缝分布。页岩油的主要特点表现为：富含有机质，开采过程中存在吸附解吸现象；孔隙类型复杂(包括有机孔隙、无机孔隙、微裂缝)；流体赋存形式多样(包括游离态、吸附态、溶解态)等等。Shale oil refers to the oil that is enriched in the organic-rich black shale formation. It exists in free, adsorbed and dissolved forms. Generally, the oil is lighter and has lower viscosity. It is mainly stored in nano-scale pore throats and fracture systems. Among them, the microcracks are distributed along the lamellar bedding plane or parallel to it. The main characteristics of shale oil are: rich in organic matter, there is adsorption and desorption phenomenon in the mining process; pore types are complex (including organic pores, inorganic pores, and micro-cracks); fluid occurrence forms are diverse (including free state, adsorbed state, and dissolved state) )and many more.
对于常规认识的油藏，由于流体流动符合达西定律，通常可借助测井方法得到储层物性分布情况，进而可对流体流动进行数值模拟。For conventionally recognized oil reservoirs, since the fluid flow conforms to Darcy's law, the physical property distribution of the reservoir can usually be obtained by logging methods, and then the fluid flow can be numerically simulated.
发明人发现现有技术中至少存在以下问题：The inventor found at least the following problems in the prior art:
由于页岩储层中富含有机质且存在大量微纳米孔隙，油气两相流动过程中存在毛管力作用，使得页岩油中存在解吸、扩散、达西流和非达西流等多种流体运移机制，而无法采用现有数值模拟方法描述页岩油的流动机理。Because shale reservoirs are rich in organic matter and have a large number of micro-nano pores, capillary forces exist in the process of oil and gas two-phase flow, which makes shale oil have many kinds of fluid transport such as desorption, diffusion, Darcy flow and non-Darcy flow. It is impossible to describe the flow mechanism of shale oil by using existing numerical simulation methods.
发明内容Summary of the invention
鉴于上述问题，提出了本发明以便提供一种克服上述问题或者至少部分地解决上述问题的一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法及装置，该方法及装置通过化学反应方程描述页岩中有机质与油的吸附、解吸过程以及溶解气在微纳米孔隙中的转化过程，然后基于油藏数值模拟软件，对页岩油流动进行数值模拟。In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a method and device for simulating the flow of shale oil that overcomes or at least partially solves the above problems. The method and device describe the organic matter in shale through chemical reaction equations. The process of adsorption and desorption with oil and the conversion process of dissolved gas in micro-nano pores are then numerically simulated based on reservoir numerical simulation software.
具体而言，包括以下的技术方案：Specifically, it includes the following technical solutions:
一方面，提供了一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法，包括以下步骤：On the one hand, a method for simulating shale oil flow is provided, which includes the following steps:
根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；According to the organic carbon content per unit volume of shale, the density of shale and the molecular weight of crude oil, determine the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed in unit volume of shale;
根据所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；Determine the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale, and The amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale;
根据所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；Determine the modified porosity of shale according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale ；
根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定所述化学反应方程对应的反应速率；According to the pre-established reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the percolation characteristics of crude oil in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale and the desorbable per unit volume of shale The amount of gaseous substance, determine the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
根据所述化学反应方程、所述化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、所述修正孔隙度、所述反应级数和所述反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。According to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the unit volume The amount of desorbable gas substances in the shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on the reservoir numerical simulation software, establish a description page A model of the seepage characteristics of crude oil in the rock.
在一种可能的设计中，上述化学反应方程包括：In one possible design, the above chemical reaction equation includes:
反应1：干酪根·油→干酪根+油；Reaction 1: Kerogen·oil→kerogen+oil;
反应2：干酪根+油→干酪根·油；Reaction 2: Kerogen+oil→kerogen·oil;
反应3：干酪根·溶解气→干酪根+溶解气；Reaction 3: Kerogen·dissolved gas→kerogen+dissolved gas;
反应4：干酪根+溶解气→干酪根·溶解气；Reaction 4: Kerogen+dissolved gas→kerogen·dissolved gas;
反应5：溶解气→分散气；Reaction 5: Dissolved gas → Dispersed gas;
反应6：分散气→连续气。Reaction 6: Dispersed gas → continuous gas.
在一种可能的设计中，所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量通过以下公式得到：In a possible design, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale is obtained by the following formula:
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000001
其中，No为单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；TOC为单位体积页岩有机碳含量；K 1为常数；Mo为原油的分子量；ρr为页岩密度。 Among them, No is the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed per unit volume of shale; TOC is the organic carbon content of unit volume of shale; K 1 is a constant; Mo is the molecular weight of crude oil; ρr is the density of shale.
在一种可能的设计中，所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量通过以下公式得到：In a possible design, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale Obtained by the following formula:
N k.o＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C o N ko =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C o
N k.g＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C g N kg =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C g
N k1＝N 0-N k.o-N k.g N k1 ＝N 0 -N ko -N kg
其中，N k.o为单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量；N k.g为单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量；N k1为单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；K 2为常数；P 0为油藏初始压力，P为生产末期的油藏压力，C o为初始状态下油的物质的量分数，C g为初始状态下气的物质的量分数。 Among them, N ko is the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; N kg is the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale; N k1 is the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; K 2 Is a constant; P 0 is the initial reservoir pressure, P is the reservoir pressure at the end of production, C o is the amount of oil in the initial state, and C g is the amount of gas in the initial state.
在一种可能的设计中，所述页岩修正孔隙度通过以下公式得到：In a possible design, the modified porosity of the shale is obtained by the following formula:
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000002
其中，φ 1为页岩修正孔隙度；φ 0为页岩原始孔隙度；ρ k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k1为不可解吸的干酪根与原油结合物的摩尔密度。 Among them, φ 1 is the modified porosity of shale; φ 0 is the original porosity of shale; ρ ko is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination; ρ kg is the mole of the desorbable kerogen and gas combination Density; ρ k1 is the molar density of non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination.
在一种可能的设计中，所述反应速率通过以下公式得到：In a possible design, the reaction rate is obtained by the following formula:
r＝r k×(C k.o+C k.g)e k r=r k ×(C ko +C kg )e k
其中，r为反应速率；r k为反应速率常数；e k为反应级数；C k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔浓度；C k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔浓度。 Among them, r is the reaction rate; r k is the reaction rate constant; e k is the reaction order; C ko is the molar concentration of the desorbable kerogen and oil conjugate; C kg is the desorbable kerogen and gas conjugate Molarity.
另一方面，提供了一种用于模拟页岩油流动的装置，所述装置包括：In another aspect, a device for simulating the flow of shale oil is provided, and the device includes:
第一确定模块，用于用于根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；The first determination module is used to determine the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale according to the organic carbon content of the unit volume of shale, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of crude oil;
第二确定模块，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；The second determination module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale and the amount of crude oil material in the unit volume of shale according to the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil material in the unit volume of shale, the dissolved gas-oil ratio, and the reservoir pressure. The amount of desorbed gas substances and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances per unit volume of shale;
第三确定模块，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；The third determining module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale To determine the modified porosity of shale;
第四确定模块，用于根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定所述化学反应方程对应的反应速率；The fourth determination module is used to describe the reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of the shale, and the unit The amount of desorbable gas in the volumetric shale determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
建立模块，用于根据所述化学反应方程、所述化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、所述修正孔隙度、所述反应级数和所述反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。The establishment module is used for the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale , The amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on reservoir numerical simulation Software to establish a model describing the characteristics of crude oil seepage in shale.
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果至少包括：The beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention include at least:
本发明实施例提供的数值模拟方法及装置，通过建立反应模型描述不同赋存状态页岩油在油田生产过程中的流动特征，包括游离态原油渗流，吸附互溶态原油在有机质内的吸附、解吸行为，毛管力对溶解气赋存状态的影响等，结合室内物理模拟实验，确定化学反应方程、反应速率以及反应级数等参数(对各个参数进行标定)，最终借助油藏数值模拟方法，建立考虑页岩油复杂流动机制的数值模拟模型，从而实现对非常规页岩油渗流特征的模拟。The numerical simulation method and device provided by the embodiments of the present invention describe the flow characteristics of different occurrence states of shale oil in the oil field production process by establishing a reaction model, including the percolation of free crude oil, and the adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed and miscible crude oil in organic matter , The influence of capillary force on the occurrence of dissolved gas, etc., combined with indoor physical simulation experiments, determine the chemical reaction equation, reaction rate, and reaction order parameters (calibrate each parameter), and finally use the reservoir numerical simulation method to establish considerations Numerical simulation model of the complex flow mechanism of shale oil, so as to simulate the flow characteristics of unconventional shale oil.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法的示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for simulating shale oil flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种用于模拟页岩油流动的装置的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for simulating shale oil flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.
除非另有定义，本发明实施例所用的所有技术术语均具有与本领域技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art.
一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法，如图1所示，该数值模拟方法包括以下步骤：On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for simulating shale oil flow. As shown in FIG. 1, the numerical simulation method includes the following steps:
步骤101：根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；Step 101: According to the organic carbon content of the shale per unit volume, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of the crude oil, determine the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the shale per unit volume;
步骤102：根据单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、可解吸气物质的量和不可解吸原油物质的量；Step 102: Determine the amount of desorbable crude oil, desorbable gas and non-desorbable crude oil in unit volume of shale according to the amount of maximum adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, dissolved gas-oil ratio and reservoir pressure The amount;
步骤103：根据所位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；Step 103: Determine the corrected shale porosity according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale;
步骤104：根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定化学反应方程对应的反应速率；Step 104: According to the pre-established reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale and the desorbable gas per unit volume of shale The amount of substance determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
步骤105：根据化学反应方程、化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、页岩修正孔隙度、反应级数和反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。Step 105: According to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure conditions during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the amount of the largest adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, and the amount of degassable substance per unit volume of shale Based on the reservoir numerical simulation software, a model describing the characteristics of crude oil in shale is established based on the volume, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in unit volume of shale, the modified porosity of shale, reaction order and reaction rate.
本发明实施例提供的数值模拟方法，通过建立反应模型描述页岩油在生产过程中的不同赋存状态下的流动特征，包括游离态原油渗流，吸附互溶态原油在有机质内的吸附、解吸行为，毛管力 对溶解气赋存状态的影响等，结合室内物理模拟实验，确定化学反应方程、反应速率以及反应级数等参数(对各个参数进行标定)，最终借助油藏数值模拟方法，建立考虑页岩油复杂流动机制的数值模拟模型，从而实现对非常规页岩油渗流特征的模拟。The numerical simulation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention describes the flow characteristics of shale oil in different occurrence states during the production process by establishing a reaction model, including the percolation of free crude oil, and the adsorption and desorption behaviors of adsorbed and miscible crude oil in organic matter. The influence of capillary force on the occurrence of dissolved gas, etc., combined with indoor physical simulation experiments, determine the chemical reaction equation, reaction rate, and reaction order parameters (calibrate each parameter), and finally establish a consideration page with the help of reservoir numerical simulation methods Numerical simulation model of rock oil complex flow mechanism, so as to realize the simulation of unconventional shale oil flow characteristics.
上述步骤105中描述页岩油渗流特征的化学反应方程及化学反应方程发生反应时的压力条件是预先确定的。In the above step 105, the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of shale oil percolation and the pressure condition when the chemical reaction equation reacts are predetermined.
需要说明的是，在流动过程中，页岩油本身不参加化学反应，但页岩油具有复杂的赋存状态，“赋存状态”对页岩油生产过程中的流动特征有重要影响，因此此处的“化学反应方程”用于描述的是页岩油的不同赋存状态，也即是渗流特征。为了表述方便，本实施例中有时将原油简称为油。It should be noted that during the flow process, shale oil itself does not participate in chemical reactions, but shale oil has a complex state of occurrence. The “occurrence state” has an important influence on the flow characteristics of shale oil production. The "chemical reaction equation" at is used to describe the different occurrence states of shale oil, that is, the characteristics of percolation. For convenience of presentation, crude oil is sometimes referred to as oil in this embodiment.
考虑到干酪根对原油的吸附作用是页岩与致密砂岩在开采过程中流动机理不同的主要原因，因此定义以下化学反应：Considering that the adsorption of kerogen to crude oil is the main reason for the different flow mechanisms between shale and tight sandstone in the mining process, the following chemical reactions are defined:
反应1：干酪根·油→干酪根+油；Reaction 1: Kerogen·oil→kerogen+oil;
反应2：干酪根+油→干酪根·油；Reaction 2: Kerogen+oil→kerogen·oil;
反应3：干酪根·溶解气→干酪根+溶解气；Reaction 3: Kerogen·dissolved gas→kerogen+dissolved gas;
反应4：干酪根+溶解气→干酪根·溶解气。Reaction 4: Kerogen+dissolved gas→kerogen·dissolved gas.
上述化学反应方程中的“·”表示混合状态，例如“干酪根·油”表示干酪根和油处于混合状态。The "·" in the above chemical reaction equation indicates a mixed state. For example, "kerogen·oil" indicates that kerogen and oil are in a mixed state.
当储层中只有油时，随压力降低，反应1开始进行，相反，随压力升高，反应2开始进行；当储层中含有油和溶解气时，随压力降低，反应1、反应3开始进行，相反，随压力升高，反应2、反应4开始进行。When there is only oil in the reservoir, as the pressure decreases, reaction 1 begins; on the contrary, as the pressure increases, reaction 2 begins; when the reservoir contains oil and dissolved gas, as the pressure decreases, reaction 1 and reaction 3 begin On the contrary, as the pressure increases, reaction 2 and reaction 4 start to proceed.
其中，干酪根与吸附原油的物质的量比值不影响总吸附量和反应速率，可简化设置为1：1。对于具体发生反应时的压力条件可通过所要模拟的实际情况确定。Among them, the ratio of the amount of kerogen to the substance adsorbing crude oil does not affect the total adsorption amount and reaction rate, and can be simplified to 1:1. The pressure conditions when the specific reaction occurs can be determined by the actual situation to be simulated.
除此之外，页岩微纳米孔隙的毛管力作用对原油两相流动过程中溶解气的赋存状态也有较大影响。当压力降至饱和压力时，由于毛管力作用，气体不能立即形成连续相，而是以分散态存在于微纳米孔隙中，形成类似泡沫油的驱油过程，当压力继续降低至视饱和压力后，气体形成连续相，气油比升高，产量降低。因此，又定义以下化学反应：In addition, the capillary force of shale micro-nano pores also has a greater impact on the occurrence of dissolved gas during the two-phase flow of crude oil. When the pressure drops to the saturation pressure, the gas cannot immediately form a continuous phase due to the capillary force, but exists in the micro-nano pores in a dispersed state, forming a flooding process similar to foam oil. When the pressure continues to decrease to the apparent saturation pressure , The gas forms a continuous phase, the gas-oil ratio increases, and the output decreases. Therefore, the following chemical reactions are defined:
反应5：溶解气→分散气；Reaction 5: Dissolved gas → Dispersed gas;
反应6：分散气→连续气。Reaction 6: Dispersed gas → continuous gas.
当油藏压力降至饱和压力后，反应5开始进行，当油藏压力降至视饱和压力后，反应6开始进行。其中，饱和压力可通过闪蒸方程计算，也可以通过实验方法测定，也可以直接查表获取；视饱和压力可通过实验方法修正公式计算，也可以通过实验方法测定。When the reservoir pressure drops to the saturation pressure, reaction 5 starts, and when the reservoir pressure drops to the apparent saturation pressure, reaction 6 starts. Among them, the saturation pressure can be calculated by the flash equation, can also be determined by experimental methods, or can be obtained directly by looking up the table; the apparent saturation pressure can be calculated by the experimental method correction formula, or can be determined by the experimental method.
对于步骤101，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量。For step 101, determine the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed per unit volume of shale.
考虑到TOC值(有机碳含量)是确定页岩中干酪根含量的重要参数，也是确定页岩中吸附溶解态原油量的重要依据，因此，可通过TOC值来确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量。其中， TOC值较高的页岩储层中，吸附态的原油量更高(这部分原油随储层压力降低而解吸到孔隙中，从而减缓油藏压力的降低，增大储层产量，有利于产量的保持)。且已有研究结果显示，等温条件下，随油藏压力增大，页岩吸附原油的能力均逐渐增大，且吸附原油含量与有机碳含量有较好的线性正相关关系。Considering that TOC value (organic carbon content) is an important parameter to determine the content of kerogen in shale, it is also an important basis for determining the amount of adsorbed dissolved crude oil in shale. Therefore, TOC value can be used to determine the maximum adsorption per unit volume of shale The amount of crude material. Among them, in shale reservoirs with higher TOC values, the amount of adsorbed crude oil is higher (this part of crude oil is desorbed into the pores as the reservoir pressure decreases, thereby slowing down the decrease in reservoir pressure and increasing reservoir production. Conducive to the maintenance of production). And the existing research results show that under isothermal conditions, with the increase of reservoir pressure, the ability of shale to adsorb crude oil gradually increases, and there is a good linear positive correlation between the adsorbed crude oil content and the organic carbon content.
进一步地，在不同沉积环境中，由不同来源有机质形成的干酪根，其性质差别较大，主要可以划分为三种类型：Furthermore, in different depositional environments, the properties of kerogen formed from different sources of organic matter are quite different, and can be divided into three types:
I型干酪根(腐泥型)，以含类脂化合物为主，直链烷烃较多，多环芳烃及含氧官能团较少，具有高氢低氧含量，生油潜能大；II型干酪根，氢含量较高，但较I型干酪根略低，为高度饱和的多环碳骨架，含中等长度直链烷烃和环烷烃较多，也含多环芳烃及杂原子官能团，来源于海相浮游生物和微生物，生油潜能中等；III型干酪根(腐殖型)，具有低氢高氧含量，以含多环芳烃及含氧官能团为主，饱和烃很少，来源于陆地高等植物，对生油不利，但埋藏足够深度时，可成为有利的油气来源。Type I kerogen (sapropel type), mainly containing lipid compounds, more linear alkanes, less polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups, with high hydrogen and low oxygen content, great oil-generating potential; Type II kerogen The hydrogen content is higher, but slightly lower than type I kerogen. It is a highly saturated polycyclic carbon skeleton, containing more medium-length linear alkanes and cycloalkanes, and also contains polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heteroatom functional groups, which are derived from marine floating Biological and microbial, medium oil-generating potential; Type III kerogen (humic type), with low hydrogen and high oxygen content, mainly containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing functional groups, few saturated hydrocarbons, derived from higher terrestrial plants, Oil generation is unfavorable, but when buried deep enough, it can become a favorable source of oil and gas.
对于不同类型的干酪根，可通过以下公式计算干酪根组分的分子量M k(基础物性参数)和单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量N o： For different types of kerogen, kerogen component can be calculated by the following equation molecular weight M k (basic physical parameters), and the maximum adsorption unit volume of shale oil material in an amount N o:
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000004
式中，M o为原油的分子量，K c为干酪根中碳元素质量分数，ρ r为页岩密度，TOC为单位体积页岩有机碳含量，K 1为常数。 In the formula, Mo is the molecular weight of crude oil, K c is the mass fraction of carbon in kerogen, ρ r is the density of shale, TOC is the organic carbon content per unit volume of shale, and K 1 is a constant.
M o为原油的分子量，示例地，可通过假设干酪根与油或者气按1：1物质的量吸附的情况下，换算得到。 M o is the molecular weight of crude oil. For example, it can be calculated by assuming that kerogen and oil or gas are adsorbed at a ratio of 1:1.
TOC值可通过实验直接测定，也可通过相关历史资料获得；其范围通常在0～10％之间。The TOC value can be directly determined through experiments or obtained through relevant historical data; its range is usually between 0 and 10%.
K 1为常数，K 1可采用降压解吸、真空自吸实验等方法测定，具体可为单位质量页岩最大吸附原油质量与TOC的比值；示例地，页岩TOC值为2％＝0.02，每克页岩最多能吸附0.01g油，那么K 1＝0.01g/0.02g＝0.5。 K 1 is a constant, and K 1 can be determined by decompression desorption, vacuum self-absorption experiments, etc., specifically it can be the ratio of the maximum adsorbed crude oil mass per unit mass of shale to TOC; for example, the TOC value of shale is 2% = 0.02, Each gram of shale can absorb 0.01g of oil at most, so K 1 =0.01g/0.02g=0.5.
K c可用燃烧实验、色谱分析等方法，也可通过查找资料获得，具体可结合研究区实际情况确定。K c在0.1-0.9均有分布。 K c can be obtained by methods such as combustion experiment, chromatographic analysis, etc., and can also be obtained by searching data, which can be determined according to the actual situation of the study area. K c is distributed from 0.1 to 0.9.
对于步骤102：根据单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸源油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量。For step 102: Determine the amount of desorbable source oil substance in unit volume of shale and desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale according to the amount of maximum adsorbed crude oil substance in unit volume of shale, dissolved gas-oil ratio, and reservoir pressure And the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale.
对于页岩，随压力降低，页岩吸附量逐渐降低，压力与吸附量呈较好的线性关系。可用以下公式描述吸附量与压力之间的关系：For shale, as the pressure decreases, the adsorption capacity of shale gradually decreases, and there is a good linear relationship between pressure and adsorption capacity. The following formula can be used to describe the relationship between adsorption capacity and pressure:
N k＝K 2p+C； N k =K 2 p+C;
式中，N k为单位体积页岩中实际吸附原油物质的量，p为油藏压力，K 2和C为常数，可根据实际情况通过实验测定或根据干酪根类型直接确定。 In the formula, N k is the actual amount of adsorbed crude oil material per unit volume of shale, p is the reservoir pressure, and K 2 and C are constants, which can be determined experimentally according to actual conditions or directly determined according to the type of kerogen.
进一步地，根据N k和TOC含量，在已知油藏初始压力和生产末期压力的情况下，可计算从干酪根中可解吸原油物质的量和可解吸气物质的量，也即是降压开采过程中，单位体积页岩中参与反应的干酪根与油结合物、干酪根与气结合物物质的量。公式如下： Further, according to the content of N k and TOC, with the initial pressure of the reservoir and the pressure at the end of production, the amount of desorbable crude oil material and the amount of desorbable gas material from kerogen can be calculated, that is, the reduction During the compression mining process, the amount of kerogen and oil combination and kerogen and gas combination that participate in the reaction in the unit volume of shale. The formula is as follows:
N k.o＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C o N ko =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C o
N k.g＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C g N kg =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C g
N k1＝N 0-N k.o-N k.g N k1 ＝N 0 -N ko -N kg
其中，N k.o为单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量；N k.g为单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量；N k1为单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；K 2为常数；P 0为油藏初始压力，P为生产末期的油藏压力，C o为初始状态下油的物质的量分数，C g为初始状态下气的物质的量分数。 Among them, N ko is the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; N kg is the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale; N k1 is the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; K 2 Is a constant; P 0 is the initial reservoir pressure, P is the reservoir pressure at the end of production, C o is the amount of oil in the initial state, and C g is the amount of gas in the initial state.
P 0和P可根据实际生产条件测定，C o和C g可根据已知的溶解气油比直接计算得到；K 2可通过上述吸附量与压力之间的关系曲线获得。 P 0 and P can be measured according to actual production conditions, C o and C g can be directly calculated according to the known dissolved gas-oil ratio; K 2 can be obtained from the above-mentioned relationship curve between adsorption capacity and pressure.
对于步骤103：根据单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度。For step 103: Determine the corrected porosity of the shale according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale.
由于干酪根和干酪根与油的结合物、干酪根与气的结合物以固体形式存在于页岩孔隙中，且随压力降低，油和气从干酪根中解吸，生成固态干酪根和液态油、溶解气，为了更真实地模拟页岩油的流动，需要对页岩原始孔隙度进行修正。Because kerogen and the combination of kerogen and oil, the combination of kerogen and gas exist in the pores of shale in solid form, and as the pressure decreases, oil and gas are desorbed from the kerogen to generate solid kerogen and liquid oil, Dissolved gas, in order to simulate the flow of shale oil more realistically, the original porosity of shale needs to be corrected.
具体地，可通过以下公式计算得到：Specifically, it can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-000005
其中，φ 1为修正孔隙度；φ 0为原始孔隙度；ρ k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k1为不可解吸的干酪根与原油结合物的摩尔密度。 Among them, φ 1 is the modified porosity; φ 0 is the original porosity; ρ ko is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination; ρ kg is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and gas combination; ρ k1 It is the molar density of the non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination.
φ 0可通过测井资料获取ρ k.o、ρ k.g、ρ k1均可通过“摩尔密度＝密度/分子量”计算得到。此处，密度已知，干酪根的分子量M k上文已经计算给出，油和气的分子量已知，可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的分子量＝干酪根的分子量+油的分子量，可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的分子量＝干酪根的分子量+气的分子量，不可解吸的干酪根与原油结合物的分子量＝干酪根的分子量+原油平均分子量。 φ 0 can be obtained from logging data ρ ko , ρ kg , and ρ k1 can be calculated by "molar density = density/molecular weight". Here, the density is known, the molecular weight M k of kerogen has been calculated and given above, the molecular weight of oil and gas is known, the molecular weight of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination = the molecular weight of kerogen + the molecular weight of oil, which can be desorbed The molecular weight of the kerogen and gas combination = the molecular weight of kerogen + the molecular weight of gas, the molecular weight of the non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination = the molecular weight of kerogen + the average molecular weight of crude oil.
对于步骤104，确定化学反应方程对应的反应级数和反应速率。For step 104, the reaction order and reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation are determined.
反应速率可通过以下公式得到：The reaction rate can be obtained by the following formula:
r＝r k×(C k.o+C k.g)e k； r=r k ×(C ko +C kg )e k ;
其中，r为反应速率；r k为反应速率常数；e k为反应级数；C k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔浓度；C k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔浓度。 Among them, r is the reaction rate; r k is the reaction rate constant; e k is the reaction order; C ko is the molar concentration of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination; C kg is the desorbable kerogen and gas combination Molarity.
r k、e k可通过降压解吸实验测定，C k.o、C k.g可通过N k.o、N k.g和原始孔隙度φ 0计算得到。 r k and e k can be determined by decompression and desorption experiments, and C ko and C kg can be calculated by N ko , N kg and the original porosity φ 0 .
对于步骤105，根据上述化学反应方程及其压力条件、单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、修正孔隙度、反应级数和反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立数值模拟模型。For step 105, according to the above-mentioned chemical reaction equation and its pressure conditions, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable oil substance per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas substance per unit volume of shale, the unit The amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in volumetric shale, modified porosity, reaction order and reaction rate, establish a numerical simulation model based on reservoir numerical simulation software.
油藏数值模拟软件是一种用于模拟储层中油藏动态的软件，本发明实施例所采用的软件可以为CMG油藏数值模拟软件。The reservoir numerical simulation software is a software for simulating the dynamics of the reservoir in the reservoir, and the software used in the embodiment of the present invention may be CMG reservoir numerical simulation software.
应用时，将确定的反应方程、反应条件、反应速率、反应级数、反应物物质的量、修正孔隙度等数值模拟参数和基础物性参数，代入到油藏数值模拟软件，即可建立能够描述页岩油特点的数值模拟模型，进而开展页岩油开发数值模拟工作。In application, the determined reaction equation, reaction conditions, reaction rate, reaction order, amount of reactant material, modified porosity and other numerical simulation parameters and basic physical property parameters are substituted into the reservoir numerical simulation software to establish a description Numerical simulation model of shale oil characteristics, and then carry out the numerical simulation of shale oil development.
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种用于模拟页岩油流动的装置，如图2所示，该装置包括：On the other hand, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a device for simulating the flow of shale oil. As shown in FIG. 2, the device includes:
第一确定模块201，用于根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；The first determination module 201 is used to determine the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed in the unit volume of shale according to the organic carbon content of the unit volume of shale, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of the crude oil;
第二确定模块202，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；The second determination module 202 is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil in the unit volume of shale and the amount of crude oil in the unit volume of shale according to the amount of the maximum adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the dissolved gas-oil ratio, and the reservoir pressure. The amount of desorbable gas substances and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in unit volume of shale;
第三确定模块203，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；The third determination module 203 is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale. To determine the corrected porosity of shale;
第四确定模块204，用于根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定所述化学反应方程对应的反应速率；The fourth determination module 204 is used to describe the reaction order of the chemical reaction equation that describes the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, and the The amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
建立模块205，用于根据所述化学反应方程、所述化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、所述修正孔隙度、所述反应级数和所述反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。The establishment module 205 is configured to react according to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of crude oil material adsorbed in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale The amount, the amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order, and the reaction rate are based on reservoir values Simulation software to establish a model describing the characteristics of crude oil seepage in shale.
需要说明的是，上述实施例提供的模拟页岩油流动的装置在模拟页岩油流动时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的模拟页岩油流动的装置与模拟页岩油流动的方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现 过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。It should be noted that the device for simulating the flow of shale oil provided by the above-mentioned embodiment only uses the division of the above-mentioned functional modules for illustration when simulating the flow of shale oil. In practical applications, the above-mentioned functions can be allocated by Different functional modules are completed, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the device for simulating the flow of shale oil provided by the above-mentioned embodiment belongs to the same concept as the embodiment of the method for simulating the flow of shale oil. For the specific implementation process, please refer to the method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by hardware, or by a program instructing relevant hardware to be completed. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The storage medium mentioned can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
以上所述仅是为了便于本领域的技术人员理解本发明的技术方案，并不用以限制本发明。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The foregoing description is only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
以上所述仅是为了便于本领域的技术人员理解本发明的技术方案，并不用以限制本发明。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The foregoing description is only for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand the technical solutions of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
应该明白，公开的过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次是示例性方法的实例。基于设计偏好，应该理解，过程中的步骤的特定顺序或层次可以在不脱离本公开的保护范围的情况下得到重新安排。所附的方法权利要求以示例性的顺序给出了各种步骤的要素，并且不是要限于所述的特定顺序或层次。It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of protection of the present disclosure. The accompanying method claims present elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy described.
在上述的详细描述中，各种特征一起组合在单个的实施方案中，以简化本公开。不应该将这种公开方法解释为反映了这样的意图，即，所要求保护的主题的实施方案需要清楚地在每个权利要求中所陈述的特征更多的特征。相反，如所附的权利要求书所反映的那样，本发明处于比所公开的单个实施方案的全部特征少的状态。因此，所附的权利要求书特此清楚地被并入详细描述中，其中每项权利要求独自作为本发明单独的优选实施方案。In the above detailed description, various features are combined together in a single embodiment to simplify the present disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting the intention that the implementation of the claimed subject matter needs to clearly state more features in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the present invention is in a state with fewer features than the disclosed single embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby clearly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing alone as a separate preferred embodiment of the present invention.
上文的描述包括一个或多个实施例的举例。当然，为了描述上述实施例而描述部件或方法的所有可能的结合是不可能的，但是本领域普通技术人员应该认识到，各个实施例可以做进一步的组合和排列。因此，本文中描述的实施例旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求书的保护范围内的所有这样的改变、修改和变型。此外，就说明书或权利要求书中使用的术语“包含”，该词的涵盖方式类似于术语“包括”，就如同“包括，”在权利要求中用作衔接词所解释的那样。此外，使用在权利要求书的说明书中的任何一个术语“或者”是要表示“非排它性的或者”。The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is impossible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods in order to describe the above-mentioned embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art should realize that the various embodiments can be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the protection scope of the appended claims. In addition, with regard to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the coverage of this word is similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as an adaptor in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the description of the claims is intended to mean a "non-exclusive or".

Claims (7)

  1. 一种用于模拟页岩油流动的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：A method for simulating the flow of shale oil, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
    根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；According to the organic carbon content per unit volume of shale, the density of shale and the molecular weight of crude oil, determine the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed in unit volume of shale
    根据所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；Determine the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale, and The amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale;
    根据所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；Determine the modified porosity of shale according to the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale, and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale ；
    根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定所述化学反应方程对应的反应速率；According to the pre-established reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the percolation characteristics of crude oil in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale and the desorbable per unit volume of shale The amount of gaseous substance, determine the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
    根据所述化学反应方程、所述化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、所述修正孔隙度、所述反应级数和所述反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。According to the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the unit volume The amount of desorbable gas substances in the shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on the reservoir numerical simulation software, establish a description page A model of the seepage characteristics of crude oil in the rock.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述化学反应方程包括：The method of claim 1, wherein the chemical reaction equation comprises:
    反应1：干酪根·油→干酪根+油；Reaction 1: Kerogen·oil→kerogen+oil;
    反应2：干酪根+油→干酪根·油；Reaction 2: Kerogen+oil→kerogen·oil;
    反应3：干酪根·溶解气→干酪根+溶解气；Reaction 3: Kerogen·dissolved gas→kerogen+dissolved gas;
    反应4：干酪根+溶解气→干酪根·溶解气；Reaction 4: Kerogen+dissolved gas→kerogen·dissolved gas;
    反应5：溶解气→分散气；Reaction 5: Dissolved gas → Dispersed gas;
    反应6：分散气→连续气。Reaction 6: Dispersed gas → continuous gas.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量通过以下公式得到：The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance per unit volume of shale is obtained by the following formula:
    Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-100001
    其中，N o为单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；TOC为单位体积页岩有机碳含量；K 1为常数；M o为原油的分子量；ρ r为页岩密度。 Wherein, N o is the unit volume of the maximum amount of adsorbed oil shale material; the TOC is organic carbon content per unit volume of shale; K 1 is a constant; M o is the molecular weight of the crude oil; ρ r density of the shale.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的 量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量通过以下公式得到：The method according to claim 3, wherein the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas substance in the unit volume of shale, and the insoluble substance in the unit volume of shale The amount of crude oil absorbed is obtained by the following formula:
    N k.o＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C o N ko =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C o
    N k.g＝TOC×K 2(P 0-P)C g N kg =TOC×K 2 (P 0 -P)C g
    N k1＝N 0-N k.o-N k.g N k1 ＝N 0 -N ko -N kg
    其中，N k.o为单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量；N k.g为单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量；N k1为单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；K 2为常数；P 0为油藏初始压力，P为生产末期的油藏压力，C o为初始状态下油的物质的量分数，C g为初始状态下气的物质的量分数。 Among them, N ko is the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; N kg is the amount of desorbable gas substance in unit volume of shale; N k1 is the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substance in unit volume of shale; K 2 Is a constant; P 0 is the initial reservoir pressure, P is the reservoir pressure at the end of production, C o is the amount of oil in the initial state, and C g is the amount of gas in the initial state.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述页岩修正孔隙度通过以下公式得到：The method of claim 4, wherein the modified porosity of the shale is obtained by the following formula:
    Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2019114056-appb-100002
    其中，φ 1为页岩修正孔隙度；φ 0为页岩原始孔隙度；ρ k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔密度；ρ k1为不可解吸的干酪根与原油结合物的摩尔密度。 Among them, φ 1 is the modified porosity of shale; φ 0 is the original porosity of shale; ρ ko is the molar density of the desorbable kerogen and oil combination; ρ kg is the mole of the desorbable kerogen and gas combination Density; ρ k1 is the molar density of non-desorbable kerogen and crude oil combination.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述反应速率通过以下公式得到：The method according to claim 1, wherein the reaction rate is obtained by the following formula:
    r＝r k×(C k.o+C k.g)e k r=r k ×(C ko +C kg )e k
    其中，r为反应速率；r k为反应速率常数；e k为反应级数；C k.o为可解吸的干酪根与油结合物的摩尔浓度；C k.g为可解吸的干酪根与气结合物的摩尔浓度。 Among them, r is the reaction rate; r k is the reaction rate constant; e k is the reaction order; C ko is the molar concentration of the desorbable kerogen and oil conjugate; C kg is the desorbable kerogen and gas conjugate Molarity.
  7. 一种用于模拟页岩油流动的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：A device for simulating the flow of shale oil, characterized in that the device comprises:
    第一确定模块，用于根据单位体积页岩有机碳含量、页岩密度和原油的分子量，确定单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量；The first determination module is used to determine the maximum amount of crude oil adsorbed in the shale per unit volume according to the organic carbon content of the shale per unit volume, the density of the shale and the molecular weight of the crude oil;
    第二确定模块，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、溶解气油比以及油藏压力，确定单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量；The second determination module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material in the unit volume of shale and the amount of crude oil material in the unit volume of shale according to the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil material in the unit volume of shale, the dissolved gas-oil ratio, and the reservoir pressure. The amount of desorbed gas substances and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances per unit volume of shale;
    第三确定模块，用于根据所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量，确定页岩修正孔隙度；The third determining module is used to determine the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale, the amount of desorbable gas material per unit volume of shale and the amount of non-desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of shale To determine the modified porosity of shale;
    第四确定模块，用于根据预先建立的描述页岩中原油渗流特征的化学反应方程的反应级数、页岩原始孔隙度、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量和所述单位体积页岩中可解吸气物质的量，确定所述化学反应方程对应的反应速率；The fourth determination module is used to describe the reaction order of the chemical reaction equation describing the characteristics of crude oil percolation in shale, the original porosity of the shale, the amount of desorbable crude oil material per unit volume of the shale, and the unit The amount of desorbable gas in the volumetric shale determines the reaction rate corresponding to the chemical reaction equation;
    建立模块，用于根据所述化学反应方程、所述化学反应方程反应时的压力条件、所述单位体积页岩中最大吸附原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解吸原油物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中可解气物质的量、所述单位体积页岩中不可解吸原油物质的量、所述修正孔隙度、所述反应级数和所述反应速率，基于油藏数值模拟软件，建立描述页岩中原油渗流特征的模型。The establishment module is used for the chemical reaction equation, the pressure condition during the reaction of the chemical reaction equation, the maximum amount of adsorbed crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale, and the amount of desorbable crude oil substance in the unit volume of shale , The amount of desorbable gas substances in the unit volume of shale, the amount of non-desorbable crude oil substances in the unit volume of shale, the modified porosity, the reaction order and the reaction rate, based on reservoir numerical simulation Software to establish a model describing the characteristics of crude oil seepage in shale.
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