WO2020173076A1 - 一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池 - Google Patents

一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020173076A1
WO2020173076A1 PCT/CN2019/105351 CN2019105351W WO2020173076A1 WO 2020173076 A1 WO2020173076 A1 WO 2020173076A1 CN 2019105351 W CN2019105351 W CN 2019105351W WO 2020173076 A1 WO2020173076 A1 WO 2020173076A1
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Prior art keywords
hydrogen
air
main
channel
coolant
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李勇
邓佳
韦庆省
王宏旭
梁未栋
李国坚
张振涛
赵勇富
刘静
易勇
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to an electric stack gas-liquid distribution device and a fuel cell used in the same.
  • the existing fuel cell includes a stack module, that is, the fuel cell stack is the core part of the hydrogen fuel cell.
  • the hydrogen and the oxygen in the air cover the stack module to produce chemical reactions.
  • the pressure relief connector is used for hydrogen pressure protection; the hydrogen return
  • the gas-liquid distribution device currently used in the stack module has the following technical problems: 1) The structure is too simple and unreasonable, the function is single, and it does not have additional functions, such as no flow path detection function, no temperature and pressure detection function, cooling The gas produced by the coolant in the liquid main channel at a high temperature is discharged, and the original structure has no exhaust port.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a stack gas-liquid distribution device and a fuel cell applied thereto, which can avoid and solve the technical problems of unreasonable structure setting, single function, and various inconveniences during use in the prior art.
  • a gas-liquid distribution device for a stack includes a block body and an adapter plate.
  • the adapter plate is installed on one side of the block body.
  • At least one group of connecting holes is provided on the adapter plate, and each group of connecting holes includes At least one hydrogen hole, at least one air hole and at least one cooling liquid hole, characterized in that: the main body of the aggregate is provided with a hydrogen main channel for hydrogen to circulate, and the main body of the aggregate is provided with a hydrogen main channel for air to circulate.
  • An air main flow channel is provided on the main body of the block with a cooling liquid main flow channel for cooling liquid to circulate.
  • the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the cooling liquid main flow channel are vertically oriented and separated from each other.
  • One end of the several hydrogen split channels is respectively connected with the hydrogen main channel, and the other end of the several hydrogen split channels is connected with the hydrogen holes on the adapter plate;
  • several air split channels One end of the cooling fluid is connected to the air main flow channel, and the other ends of the air branching channels are connected to the air holes on the adapter plate;
  • one end of the cooling liquid branching channel is connected to the cooling liquid main channel, and the other ends of the cooling liquid branching channels are connected to the rotating The coolant holes on the connecting plate are connected.
  • the plurality of hydrogen sub-flow passages, several air sub-flow passages and several cooling liquid sub-flow passages on the main body of the agglomeration block are oriented transversely and separated from each other.
  • the hydrogen main flow channel is perpendicular to the plurality of hydrogen flow channels
  • the air main flow channel is vertical to the air flow channels
  • the cooling liquid main flow channel is perpendicular to the plurality of cooling liquid flow channels.
  • the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main channel, air main channel and coolant main channel are respectively provided with openings.
  • an elbow is installed in the through hole of at least one end of the hydrogen main channel, air main channel and coolant main channel, and the other end is opened.
  • a cover or elbow is installed inside, one end of the elbow is connected with the through hole, and the other end of the elbow is installed with a pipe.
  • a plurality of process holes are provided on the main body of the agglomeration block, and the plurality of process holes are respectively connected with a plurality of hydrogen branch channels, a plurality of air branch channels and a plurality of cooling liquid branch channels, and a plug is installed on the process holes for sealing.
  • a plurality of protrusions are provided on the outer edge of the main body of the aggregate, and the plurality of protrusions are provided with threaded holes, and the plurality of threaded holes are respectively communicated with the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the coolant main flow channel, so A temperature sensor or pressure sensor or joint with an external thread structure is installed on the threaded hole.
  • a sealing gasket is arranged between the adapter plate and the main body of the block, and the hydrogen holes, air holes and cooling liquid holes of each group of connecting holes are respectively distributed from top to bottom.
  • An elbow is installed on the upper opening of the hydrogen main flow channel, and a cover is installed on the lower end opening of the hydrogen main flow channel; a cover is installed on the upper opening of the air main flow channel, and an elbow is installed on the lower end opening of the air main flow channel; An elbow or cap is installed on the upper opening of the coolant main channel, and an elbow is installed on the lower opening of the coolant main channel.
  • a fuel cell includes a stack module, an input stack gas-liquid distribution device, and an output stack distribution device.
  • the stack module is formed by stacking several fuel cell units from bottom to top.
  • Each fuel cell One side of the monomer is provided with a hydrogen input port, an air input port and a cooling liquid input port.
  • the hydrogen input port, air input port and cooling liquid input port are respectively distributed from top to bottom, and the other side is provided with There are a hydrogen output port, an air output port, and a coolant output port.
  • the hydrogen output port, the air output port, and the coolant output port are respectively distributed from top to bottom in sequence.
  • the hydrogen input port, the air input port and the coolant input port Connect the input stack gas-liquid distribution device, the hydrogen output port, the air output port and the coolant output port are respectively connected with the output stack distribution device, characterized in that: the output stack distribution device is connected to the input stack gas-liquid
  • the distribution device is a gas-liquid distribution device for a stack as described above.
  • the gas-liquid distribution device for a stack includes a block body and an adapter plate.
  • the adapter plate is installed on one side of the block body.
  • At least one set of connecting holes is provided on the connecting plate, and each set of connecting holes includes at least one hydrogen hole, at least one air hole and at least one cooling liquid hole.
  • the plurality of hydrogen holes, air holes and cooling liquid holes are respectively arranged from top to bottom.
  • the main body of the block is assembled with the stack module through the adapter plate, and the hydrogen input port, the air input port and the coolant input port of the fuel cell unit are respectively connected to the stack gas-liquid distribution device
  • the hydrogen holes, air holes, and coolant holes of the plate are in one-to-one correspondence, and the hydrogen outlet, air outlet, and coolant outlet of the fuel cell unit are respectively connected with the hydrogen output of the adapter plate of the stack gas-liquid distribution device.
  • the holes, air holes and coolant holes are in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the main body of the aggregate block of the gas-liquid distribution device of the input stack is provided with a hydrogen main channel for hydrogen to circulate, the main block body is provided with an air main channel for air circulation, and the main body of the aggregate is provided with A coolant main flow channel for cooling liquid to circulate, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the coolant main flow channel are respectively provided with openings, the upper end opening of the hydrogen main flow channel is equipped with an elbow, and the lower end is opened A cover is installed; the upper opening of the air main channel is equipped with a cover, and the lower end opening is equipped with an elbow; the upper opening of the coolant main channel is equipped with a cover, and the lower end opening is equipped with an elbow.
  • the main body of the block body of the output stack gas-liquid distribution device is provided with a hydrogen main channel for hydrogen to circulate, the main body of the block is provided with an air main channel for air circulation, and the main body of the block is provided with A coolant main flow channel for cooling liquid to circulate, the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the coolant main flow channel are respectively provided with openings, the upper end opening of the hydrogen main flow channel is equipped with an elbow, and the lower end is opened A cover is installed; the upper opening of the air main channel is equipped with a cover, and the lower end opening is equipped with an elbow; the upper and lower openings of the coolant main channel are both equipped with an elbow.
  • the utility model includes a block body and an adapter plate.
  • the adapter plate is installed on one side of the block body.
  • At least one group of connecting holes is provided on the adapter plate, and each group of connecting holes includes at least one hydrogen.
  • Holes, at least one air hole and at least one coolant hole characterized in that: the main body of the aggregate is provided with a hydrogen main channel for hydrogen to circulate, and the main body of the aggregate is provided with an air main channel for air to circulate ,
  • the main body of the agglomeration block is provided with a coolant main flow channel for cooling liquid to circulate, the hydrogen main flow channel, the air main flow channel and the cooling liquid main flow channel are vertically oriented and separated from each other, and the main body of the block is provided with a plurality of hydrogen
  • the splitter, several air splitters and a number of coolant splitters are provided on each side of the block body.
  • One end of the hydrogen splitter is connected to the hydrogen main channel, and the other end of the hydrogen splitter is connected to the hydrogen hole on the adapter plate; one end of the several air splitter is respectively Connected with the air main channel, the other ends of the several air distribution channels are connected with the air holes on the adapter plate; one end of the several cooling liquid distribution channels is respectively connected with the cooling liquid main channel, and the other ends of the several cooling liquid distribution channels are connected with the adapter plate
  • the coolant holes are connected and the structure design is reasonable. Through the design of the main flow channel and the branch flow channel, the layout is more reasonable, convenient for various inspections and maintenance, with more functions and complete functions.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the gas-liquid distribution device of the Chinese reactor of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the gas-liquid distribution device for the reactor of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of the gas-liquid distribution device of the power reactor of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of B-B in Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a rear view of the gas-liquid distribution device for the reactor of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of D-D in Figure 6;
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of E-E in Figure 6;
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of the partial structure of the gas-liquid distribution device for the reactor of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a partial structural exploded view of the reactor gas-liquid distribution device of the utility model from another angle;
  • Figure 12 is a partial schematic diagram of the fuel cell of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is an exploded view of the fuel cell structure of the utility model
  • Figure 14 is a flow distribution diagram of the fuel cell of the present invention.
  • this embodiment provides a stack gas-liquid distribution device, which includes a block main body 1 and an adapter plate 2, which is installed on one side of the block main body 1.
  • At least one set of connecting holes 21 is provided on the adapter plate 2, and each set of connecting holes 21 includes at least one hydrogen hole 211, at least one air hole 212 and at least one coolant hole 213, characterized in that:
  • the main body 1 is provided with a hydrogen main passage 11 for hydrogen to circulate
  • the aggregate main body 1 is provided with an air main passage 12 for air to circulate
  • the aggregate main body 1 is provided with a cooling device for cooling liquid.
  • the liquid main flow channel 13, the hydrogen main flow channel 11, the air main flow channel 12 and the cooling liquid main flow channel 13 are vertically oriented and separated from each other.
  • the main body 1 of the block is provided with a plurality of hydrogen flow channels 14, a plurality of air flow channels 15, and a number of Coolant flow channel 16, one end of a plurality of hydrogen flow channels 14 is respectively connected with the hydrogen main channel 11, the other end of the plurality of hydrogen flow channels 14 is communicated with the hydrogen hole 211 on the adapter plate 2;
  • the main flow passage 12 is connected, and the other ends of the several air distribution passages 15 are connected to the air holes 212 on the adapter plate 2; one end of the several cooling liquid distribution passages 16 is respectively connected to the cooling liquid main passage 13, and the other end of the several cooling liquid distribution passages 16 It is connected with the coolant hole 213 on the adapter plate 2 and has a reasonable structure design. Through the design of the main runner and the branch runner, the layout is more reasonable, convenient for various inspections and maintenance, and has more functions and perfect functions.
  • the plurality of hydrogen distribution channels 14, a plurality of air distribution channels 15 and a plurality of cooling liquid distribution channels 16 on the main body 1 of the agglomeration block are oriented laterally and separated from each other, and have a simple structure and a reasonable layout.
  • the hydrogen main flow channel 11 and the plurality of hydrogen flow channels 14 are vertical, the air main flow channel 12 and the air flow channels 15 are vertical, and the coolant main flow channel 13 and the cooling liquid branch channels 16 are vertical.
  • the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main passage 11, the air main passage 12, and the cooling liquid main passage 13 are respectively provided with through holes 10, wherein at least one end of the hydrogen main passage 11, the air main passage 12 and the cooling liquid main passage 13
  • An elbow 3 is installed in the hole 10, and a cover 4 or an elbow 3 is installed in the through hole 10 at the other end.
  • One end of the elbow 3 is connected with the through hole 10, and the other end of the elbow 3 is equipped with a pipe.
  • the structure is simple. Easy to manufacture and easy to install.
  • a plurality of process holes 17 are provided on the main body 1 of the agglomeration block, and the plurality of process holes 17 are respectively communicated with a plurality of hydrogen branch channels 14, a plurality of air branch channels 15 and a plurality of cooling liquid branch channels 16, and the process holes 17 are installed There is a plug 5 for sealing, which is used as a gas inlet when the system is leak-tight, which is convenient for quality monitoring.
  • a plurality of protrusions 18 are provided on the outer edge of the main body 1 of the aggregate, and the plurality of protrusions 18 are provided with threaded holes 181.
  • the threaded holes 181 are respectively connected to the hydrogen main passage 11, the air main passage 12 and The coolant main flow channel 13 is connected, and the threaded hole 181 is equipped with a temperature sensor 182 or a pressure sensor 183 or a joint 184 with an external thread structure.
  • the structure is simple and tight, and the installation is convenient, which is convenient for detecting the gas temperature and pressure inside the flow channel. .
  • a sealing gasket is provided between the adapter plate 2 and the main body 1 of the block, and the hydrogen holes 211, air holes 212 and cooling liquid holes 213 of each group of connecting holes 21 are distributed from top to bottom, which is convenient for installation and Air tightness is guaranteed.
  • An elbow 3 is installed on the upper opening 10 of the hydrogen main flow channel 11, and a cover 4 is installed on the lower opening 10 of the hydrogen main flow channel 11; a cover 4 is installed on the upper opening 10 of the air main flow channel 12, and the air main flow channel 12
  • An elbow 3 is installed on the lower end opening 10 of the cooling liquid main channel 13; an elbow 3 or a cover 4 is installed on the upper opening 10 of the cooling liquid main channel 13, and an elbow 3 is installed on the lower end opening 10 of the cooling liquid main channel 13, and the cooling liquid main channel
  • An elbow 3 is installed on the upper end of 13 to facilitate the discharge of the gas generated by the cooling liquid in a high temperature state, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing is easy and the installation is convenient.
  • this embodiment provides a fuel cell, including a stack module 6, an input stack gas-liquid distribution device 7 and an output stack distribution device 8
  • the stack module 6 is formed by stacking several fuel cell units 60 from bottom to top.
  • Each fuel cell unit 60 is provided with a hydrogen input port 601, an air input port 602, and a cooling system on one side.
  • the liquid input port 603, the hydrogen input port 601, the air input port 602, and the coolant input port 603 are respectively distributed from top to bottom, and the other side is provided with a hydrogen output port 604, an air output port 605 and a coolant output Port 606, the hydrogen output port 604, the air output port 605, and the cooling liquid output port 606 are respectively distributed from top to bottom, and the hydrogen input port 601, the air input port 602 and the cooling liquid input port 603 are connected to the input stack gas
  • the liquid distribution device 7, the hydrogen output port 604, the air output port 605, and the coolant output port 606 are respectively connected to the output stack distribution device 8, characterized in that: the output stack distribution device 8 and the input stack gas-liquid
  • the distribution device 7 is a stack gas-liquid distribution device described in the first embodiment.
  • the stack gas-liquid distribution device includes a block body 1 and an adapter plate 2. At least one set of connections is provided on the adapter plate 2 Holes 21, each group of connecting holes 21 includes at least one hydrogen hole 211, at least one air hole 212, and at least one cooling liquid hole 213, and the plurality of hydrogen holes 211, air holes 212 and cooling liquid holes 213 are respectively arranged from top to bottom Distributed in sequence, the adapter plate 2 is installed on one side of the block body 1, and the block body 1 is assembled with the stack module 6 through the adapter plate 2.
  • the hydrogen input port of the fuel cell unit 60 601, the air input port 602, and the coolant input port 603 are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the hydrogen holes 211, the air holes 212, and the coolant holes 213 of the adapter plate 2 of the stack gas-liquid distribution device 7, and the fuel cell unit
  • the hydrogen output port 604, the air output port 605, and the coolant output port 606 of the 60 are in one-to-one correspondence with the hydrogen holes 211, the air holes 212, and the coolant holes 213 of the adapter plate 2 of the output stack distribution device 8, which reduces The parts of the gas-liquid distribution structure of the stack improve the space utilization rate of the fuel cell.
  • the main block body 1 of the input stack gas-liquid distribution device 7 is provided with a hydrogen main channel 11 for hydrogen to circulate, and the main block main body 1 is provided with an air main channel 12 for air to circulate.
  • the block body 1 is provided with a coolant main flow channel 13 for cooling liquid to circulate, and the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main flow channel 11, the air main flow channel 12 and the cooling liquid main channel 13 are respectively provided with openings 10, the hydrogen main flow channel
  • the upper opening 10 of 11 is equipped with an elbow 3, and the lower end opening 10 is equipped with a cover 4; the upper opening 10 of the air main duct 12 is equipped with a cover 4, and the lower end opening 10 is equipped with an elbow 3;
  • the upper opening 10 of the liquid main channel 13 is equipped with a cover 4, and the lower opening 10 is equipped with an elbow 3, which has a simple structure, easy manufacture and convenient installation.
  • the main block body 1 of the output stack gas-liquid distribution device is provided with a hydrogen main channel 11 for hydrogen to circulate, and the block main body 1 is provided with an air main channel 12 for air to circulate.
  • the main body 1 is provided with a coolant main flow channel 13 for cooling liquid to circulate.
  • the upper and lower ends of the hydrogen main flow channel 11, the air main flow channel 12 and the coolant main flow channel 13 are respectively provided with openings 10, and the hydrogen main flow channel 11
  • An elbow 3 is installed in the upper opening 10 of the airflow channel, and a cover 4 is installed in the lower opening 10; a cover 4 is installed in the upper opening 10 of the air main duct 12, and an elbow 3 is installed in the lower opening 10;
  • Both the upper and lower openings 10 of the main runner 13 are equipped with elbows 3, and the upper end of the coolant runner 13 is equipped with elbows 3 to facilitate the discharge of the gas generated by the coolant under high temperature conditions.
  • the structure is simple, easy to manufacture and easy to install.

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Abstract

一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池，包括集块主体（1）和转接板（2），转接板（2）上至少设置一组连接孔（21），集块主体（1）上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道（11），集块主体（1）上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道（12），集块主体（1）上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道（13），氢气主流道（11）、空气主流道（12）和冷却液主流道（13）竖直朝向且相互隔开，集块主体（1）上设有若干氢气分流道（14）、若干空气分流道（15）和若干冷却液分流道（16），若干氢气分流道（14）的一端分别与氢气主流道（11）连通，若干空气分流道（15）的一端分别与空气主流道（12）连通，若干冷却液分流道（16）的一端分别与冷却液主流道（13）连通，结构设计合理，通过主流道和分流道的设计，使布局更合理，方便进行各种检测和检修，具有更多功能，功能完善。

Description

一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池 技术领域：
本实用新型涉及一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池。
背景技术：
现有燃料电池包括电堆模块，即燃料电池堆是氢燃料电池的核心部分，氢气和空气中的氧气罩电堆模块内产生化学反应，电堆模块的进口和出口处安装有很多零件：如压力传感器、温度传感器、氢气进出口硅胶管、冷却液进出硅胶管、空气进出口硅胶管、卡箍、进氢接头、氢气循环泵接头、回氢泵冷却液接头、泄压接头、冷却液接头、空气接头、端口连接头绝缘垫块、传感器接头等；其中进氢硅胶管、冷却液硅胶管、空气进气硅胶管用于输送反应气体与冷却液；卡箍用于固定密封端口连接头、进氢接头、氢气循环泵接头、冷却液接头、空气接头、传感器接头与进气硅胶管、冷却液硅胶管、空气进气硅胶管连接；绝缘垫块用于增加端口连接头、硅胶管与电堆的绝缘；泄压接头用于氢气压力保护用；回氢泵冷却接头用于回氢泵冷却；压力传感器用于检测进入系统的冷却液压力和空气供气压力并输出信号；温度传感器用于检测进入系统的冷却液温度和空气供气的温度并输出信号；
当前应用在电堆模块中的气液分配装置存在如下的技术问题：1)结构设置过于简单不合理，功能单一，不具有附加的功能,例如没有流道检测功能、没有温度压力检测功能、冷却液主流道的冷却液在高温状态下产生的气体排出，原来结构没有排气口。
实用新型内容：
本实用新型的目的是提供一种电堆气液分配装置及其应用的燃料电池，能避免，解决现有技术中结构设置不合理，功能单一，使用过程中造成各种不便的技术问题。
本实用新型的目的是通过下述技术方案予以实现的。
一种电堆气液分配装置，包括集块主体和转接板，所述转接板安装在集块 主体的一侧，所述转接板上至少设置一组连接孔，每组连接孔包括至少一个氢气孔、至少一个空气孔和至少一个冷却液孔，其特征在于：所述集块主体上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道，氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道竖直朝向且相互隔开，所述集块主体上设有若干氢气分流道、若干空气分流道和若干冷却液分流道，若干氢气分流道的一端分别与氢气主流道连通，若干氢气分流道的另一端与转接板上氢气孔连通；若干空气分流道的一端分别与空气主流道连通，若干空气分流道的另一端与转接板上空气孔连通；若干冷却液分流道的一端分别与冷却液主流道连通，若干冷却液分流道的另一端与转接板上冷却液孔连通。
所述集块主体上的若干氢气分流道、若干空气分流道和若干冷却液分流道是横向朝向且相互隔开。
所述氢气主流道与若干氢气分流道之间是垂直的，所述空气主流道与若干空气分流道之间是垂直的，所冷却液主流道与若干冷却液分流道是垂直的。
氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道的上下两端分别开设有开口，其中在氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道至少一端的通孔里安装有弯头，另一端的开口里安装有封盖或者弯头，弯头的一端与通孔连接，弯头的另一端安装有管道。
所述集块主体上设有若干个工艺孔，所述若干工艺孔分别若干氢气分流道、若干空气分流道和若干冷却液分流道连通，所述工艺孔上安装有堵头进行封闭。
所述集块主体的外侧边缘上设有若干个凸块，所述若干个凸块上设有螺纹孔，所述若干螺纹孔分别与氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道连通，所述螺纹孔上安装有带外螺纹结构的温度传感器或者压力传感器或者接头。
所述转接板与集块主体之间设有密封垫，所述每组连接孔的个氢气孔、空气孔和冷却液孔分别由上往下分布。
所述氢气主流道的上端开口上安装弯头，氢气主流道的下端开口上安装封 盖；所述空气主流道的上端开口上安装封盖，空气主流道的下端开口上安装弯头；所述冷却液主流道的上端开口上安装弯头或者封盖，冷却液主流道的下端开口上安装弯头。
一种燃料电池，包括电堆模块、输入电堆气液分配装置和输出电堆分配装置，所述电堆模块是由若干个燃料电池单体由下至上堆叠而成，所述每个燃料电池单体的一侧上都设有氢气输入口、空气输入口和冷却液输入口，所述氢气输入口、空气输入口和冷却液输入口分别由上往下依次分布，另一侧上都设有氢气输出口、空气输出口和冷却液输出口，所述氢气输出口、空气输出口和冷却液输出口分别由上往下依次分布，所述氢气输入口、空气输入口和冷却液输入口连接输入电堆气液分配装置，所述氢气输出口、空气输出口和冷却液输出口分别与输出电堆分配装置连接，其特征在于：所述输出电堆分配装置连接和输入电堆气液分配装置是上述所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，所述电堆气液分配装置包括集块主体和转接板，所述转接板安装在集块主体的一侧，所述转接板上至少设置一组连接孔，每组连接孔包括至少一个氢气孔、至少一个空气孔和至少一个冷却液孔，所述若干个氢气孔、空气孔和冷却液孔分别由上往下依次分布，所述集块主体通过转接板与电堆模块装配在一起，所述燃料电池单体的氢气输入口、空气输入口和冷却液输入口分别与输入电堆气液分配装置的转接板的氢气孔、空气孔和冷却液孔一一对应连通，所述燃料电池单体的氢气输出口、空气输出口和冷却液输出口分别与输出电堆气液分配装置的转接板的氢气孔、空气孔和冷却液孔一一对应连通。
所述输入电堆气液分配装置的集块主体上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道，所述氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道的上下两端分别开设有开口，所述氢气主流道的上端开口安装有弯头，另外下端开口安装有封盖；所述空气主流道的上端开口安装有封盖，另外下端开口安装有弯头；所述冷却液主流道的上端开口安装有封盖，另外下端开口安装有弯 头。
所述输出电堆气液分配装置的集块主体上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道，所述氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道的上下两端分别开设有开口，所述氢气主流道的上端开口安装有弯头，另外下端开口安装有封盖；所述空气主流道的上端开口安装有封盖，另外下端开口安装有弯头；所述冷却液主流道的上端和下端的开口均安装有弯头。
本实用新型与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)本实用新型包括集块主体和转接板，所述转接板安装在集块主体的一侧，所述转接板上至少设置一组连接孔，每组连接孔包括至少1个氢气孔、至少一个空气孔和至少一个冷却液孔，其特征在于：所述集块主体上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道，所述集块主体上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道，氢气主流道、空气主流道和冷却液主流道竖直朝向且相互隔开，所述集块主体上设有若干氢气分流道、若干空气分流道和若干冷却液分流道，若干氢气分流道的一端分别与氢气主流道连通，若干氢气分流道的另一端与转接板上氢气孔连通；若干空气分流道的一端分别与空气主流道连通，若干空气分流道的另一端与转接板上空气孔连通；若干冷却液分流道的一端分别与冷却液主流道连通，若干冷却液分流道的另一端与转接板上冷却液孔连通，结构设计合理，通过主流道和分流道的设计，使布局更合理，方便进行各种检测和检修，具有更多功能，功能完善。
2)本实用新型的其它优点在实施例部分展开详细描述。
附图说明：
图1是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的立体图；
图2是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的立体分解图；
图3是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的俯视图；
图4是图3中A-A的剖视图；
图5是图3中B-B的剖视图；
图6是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的后视图；
图7是图6中C-C的剖视图；
图8是图6中D-D的剖视图；
图9是图6中E-E的剖视图；
图10是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的局部结构分解图；
图11是本实用新型中电堆气液分配装置的另一角度局部结构分解图；
图12是本实用新型中燃料电池的局部结构示意图；
图13是本实用新型中燃料电池的结构分解图；
图14是本实用新型中燃料电池的流向分布图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：
如图1至图11所示，本实施例提供的是一种电堆气液分配装置，包括集块主体1和转接板2，所述转接板2安装在集块主体1的一侧，所述转接板2上至少设置一组连接孔21，每组连接孔21包括至少1个氢气孔211、至少一个空气孔212和至少一个冷却液孔213，其特征在于：所述集块主体1上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道11，所述集块主体1上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道12，所述集块主体1上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道13，氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13竖直朝向且相互隔开，所述集块主体1上设有若干氢气分流道14、若干空气分流道15和若干冷却液分流道16，若干氢气分流道14的一端分别与氢气主流道11连通，若干氢气分流道14的另一端与转接板2上氢气孔211连通；若干空气分流道15的一端分别与空气主流道12连通，若干空气分流道15的另一端与转接板2上空气孔212连通；若干冷却液分流道16的一端分别与冷却液主流道13连通，若干冷却液分流道16的另一端与转接板2上冷却液孔213连通，结构设计合理，通过主流道和分流道的设计，使布 局更合理，方便进行各种检测和检修，具有更多功能，功能完善。
所述集块主体1上的若干氢气分流道14、若干空气分流道15和若干冷却液分流道16是横向朝向且相互隔开，结构简单，布局合理。
所述氢气主流道11与若干氢气分流道14之间是垂直的，所述空气主流道12与若干空气分流道15之间是垂直的，所冷却液主流道13与若干冷却液分流道16是垂直的，结构简单。
所述的氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13的上下两端分别开设有通孔10，其中在氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13至少一端的通孔10里安装有弯头3，另一端的通孔10里安装有封盖4或者弯头3，弯头3的一端与通孔10连接，弯头3的另一端安装有管道，结构简单，制造容易安装方便。
所述集块主体1上设有若干个工艺孔17，所述若干工艺孔17分别与若干氢气分流道14、若干空气分流道15和若干冷却液分流道16连通，所述工艺孔17上安装有堵头5进行封闭，用于系统气密性检漏时作为气体入口，便于质量监控。
所述集块主体1的外侧边缘上设有若干个凸块18，所述若干个凸块18上设有螺纹孔181，所述若干螺纹孔181分别与氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13连通，所述螺纹孔181上安装有带外螺纹结构的温度传感器182或者压力传感器183或者接头184，结构简单紧奏，安装方便，便于检测流道的里面的气体温度和压力。
所述转接板2与集块主体1之间设有密封垫，所述每组连接孔21的个氢气孔211、空气孔212和冷却液孔213分别由上往下分布，安装方便，且气密性得到保证。
所述氢气主流道11的上端开口10上安装弯头3，氢气主流道11的下端开口10上安装封盖4；所述空气主流道12的上端开口10上安装封盖4，空气主流道12的下端开口10上安装弯头3；所述冷却液主流道13的上端开口10上安 装弯头3或者封盖4，冷却液主流道13的下端开口10上安装弯头3，冷却液主流道13的上端安装有弯头3便于冷却液在高温状态下产生的气体排出，结构简单，制造容易安装方便。
实施例二：
如图7、图8、图9和图12至图14所示，本实施例提供的是一种燃料电池，包括电堆模块6、输入电堆气液分配装置7和输出电堆分配装置8，所述电堆模块6是由若干个燃料电池单体60由下至上堆叠而成，所述每个燃料电池单体60的一侧上都设有氢气输入口601、空气输入口602和冷却液输入口603，所述氢气输入口601、空气输入口602和冷却液输入口603分别由上往下依次分布，另一侧上都设有氢气输出口604、空气输出口605和冷却液输出口606，所述氢气输出口604、空气输出口605和冷却液输出口606分别由上往下依次分布，所述氢气输入口601、空气输入口602和冷却液输入口603连接输入电堆气液分配装置7，所述氢气输出口604、空气输出口605和冷却液输出口606分别与输出电堆分配装置8连接，其特征在于：所述输出电堆分配装置8和输入电堆气液分配装置7是实施例一所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，所述电堆气液分配装置包括集块主体1和转接板2，所述转接板2上至少设置一组连接孔21，每组连接孔21包括至少1个氢气孔211、至少一个空气孔212和至少一个冷却液孔213，所述若干个氢气孔211、空气孔212和冷却液孔213分别由上往下依次分布，所述转接板2安装在集块主体1的一侧，所述集块主体1通过转接板2与电堆模块6装配在一起，所述燃料电池单体60的氢气输入口601、空气输入口602和冷却液输入口603分别与电堆气液分配装置7的转接板2的氢气孔211、空气孔212和冷却液孔213一一对应连通，所述燃料电池单体60的氢气输出口604、空气输出口605和冷却液输出口606分别与输出电堆分配装置8的转接板2的氢气孔211、空气孔212和冷却液孔213一一对应连通，减少了电堆气液分配结构的零件，提高燃料电池空间利用率。
所述输入电堆气液分配装置7的集块主体1上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道11，所述集块主体1上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道12，所述集块主体1上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道13，所述氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13的上下两端分别开设有开口10，所述氢气主流道11的上端开口10安装有弯头3，另外下端开口10安装有封盖4；所述空气主流道12的上端开口10安装有封盖4，另外下端开口10安装有弯头3；所述冷却液主流道13的上端开口10安装有封盖4，另外下端开口10安装有弯头3，结构简单，制造容易安装方便。
所述输出电堆气液分配装置的集块主体1上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道11，所述集块主体1上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道12，所述集块主体1上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道13，所述氢气主流道11、空气主流道12和冷却液主流道13的上下两端分别开设有开口10，所述氢气主流道11的上端开口10安装有弯头3，另外下端开口10安装有封盖4；所述空气主流道12的上端开口10安装有封盖4，另外下端开口10安装有弯头3；所述冷却液主流道13的上端和下端的开口10均安装有弯头3，冷却液主流道13的上端安装有弯头3便于冷却液在高温状态下产生的气体排出，结构简单，制造容易安装方便。
以上实施例为本实用新型的较佳实施方式，但本实用新型的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本实用新型的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电堆气液分配装置，包括集块主体(1)和转接板(2)，所述转接板(2)安装在集块主体(1)的一侧，所述转接板(2)上至少设置一组连接孔(21)，每组连接孔(21)包括至少一个氢气孔(211)、至少一个空气孔(212)和至少一个冷却液孔(213)，其特征在于：所述集块主体(1)上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道(11)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道(12)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道(13)，氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)竖直朝向且相互隔开，所述集块主体(1)上设有若干氢气分流道(14)、若干空气分流道(15)和若干冷却液分流道(16)，若干氢气分流道(14)的一端分别与氢气主流道(11)连通，若干氢气分流道(14)的另一端与转接板(2)上氢气孔(211)连通；若干空气分流道(15)的一端分别与空气主流道(12)连通，若干空气分流道(15)的另一端与转接板(2)上空气孔(212)连通；若干冷却液分流道(16)的一端分别与冷却液主流道(13)连通，若干冷却液分流道(16)的另一端与转接板(2)上冷却液孔(213)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述的若干氢气分流道(14)、若干空气分流道(15)和若干冷却液分流道(16)是横向朝向且相互隔开。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述氢气主流道(11)与若干氢气分流道(14)之间是垂直的，所述空气主流道(12)与若干空气分流道(15)之间是垂直的，所冷却液主流道(13)与若干冷却液分流道(16)是垂直的。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)的上下两端分别开设有开口(10)，其中在氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)至少一端的开口(10)里安装有弯头(3)，另一端的开口(10)里安装 有封盖(4)或者弯头(3)，弯头(3)的一端与开口(10)连接，弯头(3)的另一端安装有管道。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述集块主体(1)上设有若干个工艺孔(17)，所述若干工艺孔(17)分别与若干氢气分流道(14)、若干空气分流道(15)和若干冷却液分流道(16)连通，所述工艺孔(17)上安装有堵头(5)进行封闭。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述集块主体(1)的外侧边缘上设有若干个凸块(18)，所述若干个凸块(18)上设有螺纹孔(181)，所述若干螺纹孔(181)分别与氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)连通，所述螺纹孔(181)上安装有带外螺纹结构的温度传感器(182)或者压力传感器(183)或者接头(184)。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述转接板(2)与集块主体(1)之间设有密封垫，所述每组连接孔(21)的个氢气孔(211)、空气孔(212)和冷却液孔(213)分别由上往下分布。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，其特征在于：所述氢气主流道(11)的上端开口(10)上安装弯头(3)，氢气主流道(11)的下端开口(10)上安装封盖(4)；所述空气主流道(12)的上端开口(10)上安装封盖(4)，空气主流道(12)的下端开口(10)上安装弯头(3)；所述冷却液主流道(13)的上端开口(10)上安装弯头(3)或者封盖(4)，冷却液主流道(13)的下端开口(10)上安装弯头(3)。
  9. 一种燃料电池，包括电堆模块(6)、输入电堆气液分配装置(7)和输出电堆分配装置(8)，所述电堆模块(6)是由若干个燃料电池单体(60)由下至上堆叠而成，所述每个燃料电池单体(60)的一侧上都设有氢气输入口(601)、空气输入口(602)和冷却液输入口(603)，所述氢气输入口(601)、空气输入口(602)和冷却液输入口(603)分别由上往下分布，另一侧上都设有氢气输出口(604)、空气输出口(605)和冷却液输出口(606)，所述氢气 输出口(604)、空气输出口(605)和冷却液输出口(606)分别由上往下分布，所述氢气输入口(601)、空气输入口(602)和冷却液输入口(603)连接输入电堆气液分配装置(7)，所述氢气输出口(604)、空气输出口(605)和冷却液输出口(606)分别与输出电堆分配装置(8)连接，其特征在于：所述输出电堆分配装置(8)和输入电堆气液分配装置(7)是上述权利要求1至权利要求8中的任一项所述的一种电堆气液分配装置，所述电堆气液分配装置包括集块主体(1)和转接板(2)，所述转接板(2)上至少设置一组连接孔(21)，每组连接孔(21)包括至少1个氢气孔(211)、至少一个空气孔(212)和至少一个冷却液孔(213)，所述若干个氢气孔(211)、空气孔(212)和冷却液孔(213)分别由上往下分布，所述转接板(2)安装在集块主体(1)的一侧，所述集块主体(1)通过转接板(2)与电堆模块(6)装配在一起，所述燃料电池单体(60)的氢气输入口(601)、空气输入口(602)和冷却液输入口(603)分别与输入电堆气液分配装置(7)的转接板(2)的氢气孔(211)、空气孔(212)和冷却液孔(213)一一对应连通，所述燃料电池单体(60)的氢气输出口(604)、空气输出口(605)和冷却液输出口(606)分别与输出电堆分配装置(8)的转接板(2)的氢气孔(211)、空气孔(212)和冷却液孔(213)一一对应连通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述输入电堆气液分配装置(7)的集块主体(1)上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道(11)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道(12)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道(13)，所述氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)的上下两端分别开设有开口(10)，所述氢气主流道(11)的上端开口(10)安装有弯头(3)，另外下端开口(10)安装有封盖(4)；所述空气主流道(12)的上端开口(10)安装有封盖(4)，另外下端开口(10)安装有弯头(3)；所述冷却液主流道(13)的上端开口(10)安装有封盖(4)，另外下端开口(10)安装有弯头(3)。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的一种燃料电池，其特征在于：所述输出电堆气 液分配装置的集块主体(1)上设有可供氢气流通的氢气主流道(11)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供空气流通的空气主流道(12)，所述集块主体(1)上设有可供冷却液流通的冷却液主流道(13)，所述氢气主流道(11)、空气主流道(12)和冷却液主流道(13)的上下两端分别开设有开口(10)，所述氢气主流道(11)的上端开口(10)安装有弯头(3)，另外下端开口(10)安装有封盖(4)；所述空气主流道(12)的上端开口(10)安装有封盖(4)，另外下端开口(10)安装有弯头(3)；所述冷却液主流道(13)的上端和下端的开口(10)均安装有弯头(3)。
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