WO2020170480A1 - Joining method and method for manufacturing composite rolled material - Google Patents

Joining method and method for manufacturing composite rolled material Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020170480A1
WO2020170480A1 PCT/JP2019/033104 JP2019033104W WO2020170480A1 WO 2020170480 A1 WO2020170480 A1 WO 2020170480A1 JP 2019033104 W JP2019033104 W JP 2019033104W WO 2020170480 A1 WO2020170480 A1 WO 2020170480A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metal member
pin
side pin
end side
joining
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PCT/JP2019/033104
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
堀　久司
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日本軽金属株式会社
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Application filed by 日本軽金属株式会社 filed Critical 日本軽金属株式会社
Priority to CN201980088916.8A priority Critical patent/CN113286676B/en
Publication of WO2020170480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020170480A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a joining method and a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of friction stir welding metal members made of different materials with a rotary tool.
  • the present invention is a joining method for joining a pair of metal members made of different materials using a rotary tool including a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, the base end side pin Taper angle of the tip side pin is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the end face having a vertical surface is formed.
  • a preparatory step of preparing one metal member and a second metal member having an inclined surface at an end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of abutting end portions of the butt with each other to form a butt portion having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating front end side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the base end side pin. While contacting the outer peripheral surface of the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side pin, at least the first metal member is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin, while the first metal member flows into the gap.
  • a joining step of joining the first metal member and the second metal member by moving the rotary tool relative to each other.
  • the present invention is a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material formed of a pair of metallic materials of different materials using a rotary tool having a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, wherein the base end side taper is tapered.
  • the angle is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the first metal having a vertical surface at the end portion.
  • a member a preparation step of preparing a second metal member having an inclined surface at the end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, and the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of butting the ends together to form a butting part having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating tip side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the outer circumference of the base side pin. While the surface is in contact with the first metal member and the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin is in contact with at least the first metal member, the first metal member is caused to flow into the gap along the abutting portion. And a relative joining process for joining the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving with the rotary tool, and the metal members joined in the joining process are rolled with the joining line as the rolling direction. And a rolling step.
  • the preparation process becomes easy. Further, since the two metal members are butted with each other with the V-shaped gap provided, high accuracy is not required and the butting process can be easily performed. Further, for example, if the tip side pin of the rotary tool is inserted so as to contact only the first metal member, the joining condition can be adjusted according to the first metal member having a low softening temperature, and the heat input amount can be suppressed. You can Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first metal member from being significantly softened and excessively generated burr, and it is possible to prevent defective bonding due to insufficient metal. Further, since the friction stirring is performed while the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is in contact with the first metal member, it is possible to further suppress the generation of burrs.
  • the first metal member and the second metal member are abutted with the back surfaces of the first metal member and the second metal member flush with each other.
  • the back surfaces of the metal members can be flush with each other.
  • the back surface of the first metal member is positioned lower than the back surface of the second metal member, and the surface of the first metal member is positioned higher than the surface of the second metal member.
  • the first metal member and the second metal member are attached to each other, and in the joining step, the tip side pin is inserted so that the tip of the stirring pin is located below the height of the back surface of the second metal member. It is preferable to set the depth.
  • friction stirring can be performed over the entire depth direction of the second metal member.
  • the rotation tool is rotated so that the second metal member side is the shear side and the first metal member side is the flow side in the plasticized region formed on the movement trajectory of the rotation tool. It is preferable to set the direction and the traveling direction.
  • the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion decreases, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted, and bonding failure occurs. May be.
  • the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion can be kept relatively high, which is different. Mutual diffusion at the interface between metals is promoted, and it is possible to prevent poor bonding.
  • the shear side is the side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by adding the magnitude of the moving speed to the magnitude of the tangential velocity on the outer circumference of the rotary tool.
  • the flow side is a side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the moving speed from the magnitude of the tangential speed on the outer circumference of the rotary tool.
  • the first metal member is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy
  • the second metal member is formed of copper or a copper alloy
  • the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is formed as described above. The rotating tool along the abutting portion while allowing the first metal member to flow into the gap while contacting only the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin not contacting the second metal member. It is preferable that the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by relatively moving.
  • the rotary tool is rotated clockwise to the tip side of the rotary tool.
  • a clockwise spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin from the base end toward the tip, it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool counterclockwise.
  • the plasticized metal is guided to the spiral groove and flows to the tip side of the rotary tool, so that the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed.
  • the rotary tool is a tool used for friction stir welding.
  • the rotary tool F is formed of, for example, tool steel, and mainly includes a base shaft portion F1, a base end side pin F2, and a tip end side pin F3.
  • the base shaft portion F1 has a cylindrical shape and is a portion connected to the main shaft of the friction stirrer.
  • the base end side pin F2 is continuous with the base shaft part F1 and tapers toward the tip.
  • the proximal pin F2 has a truncated cone shape.
  • the taper angle A of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but is, for example, 135 to 160°. When the taper angle A is less than 135° or exceeds 160°, the joint surface roughness after frictional stirring becomes large.
  • the taper angle A is larger than the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 described later.
  • a stepped pin stepped portion F21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2 over the entire height direction.
  • the pin step portion F21 is formed in a spiral shape in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction.
  • the pin step portion F21 has a spiral shape in a plan view and a step shape in a side view.
  • the pin step portion F21 is set counterclockwise from the base end side toward the tip end side.
  • the pin step portion F21 includes a step bottom surface F21a and a step side surface F21b.
  • the distance X1 (horizontal direction distance) between the vertices F21c and F21c of the adjacent pin step portions F21 is appropriately set according to the step angle C and the height Y1 of the step side face F21b described later.
  • the height Y1 of the step side face F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 0.1 to 0.4 mm, for example. If the height Y1 is less than 0.1 mm, the joint surface roughness becomes large. On the other hand, when the height Y1 exceeds 0.4 mm, the joint surface roughness tends to increase, and the number of effective step portions (the number of pin step portions F21 in contact with the metal member to be joined) also decreases.
  • the step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a and the step side surface F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 85 to 120°, for example.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane in the present embodiment.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be inclined in the range of ⁇ 5° to 15° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction (minus is downward with respect to the horizontal plane, plus is with respect to the horizontal plane).
  • the distance X1, the height Y1 of the step side face F21b, the step angle C, and the angle of the step bottom face F21a with respect to the horizontal plane are set such that the plastic fluid material does not stay inside the pin step portion F21 and adhere to the outside during friction stirring. It is properly set so that the joint surface roughness can be reduced by pressing the plastic fluid material at the bottom surface F21a of the step while the joint surface roughness is reduced.
  • the tip side pin F3 is formed continuously with the base side pin F2.
  • the tip side pin F3 has a truncated cone shape.
  • the tip of the tip side pin F3 is a flat surface F4 perpendicular to the rotation axis.
  • the taper angle B of the tip end side pin F3 is smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2.
  • a spiral groove F31 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3.
  • the spiral groove F31 may be clockwise or counterclockwise, but in the present embodiment, the spiral groove F31 is engraved counterclockwise from the base end side to the tip end side in order to rotate the rotary tool F clockwise.
  • the spiral groove F31 includes a spiral bottom surface F31a and a spiral side surface F31b.
  • the distance (horizontal distance) between the vertices F31c and F31c of the adjacent spiral grooves F31 is defined as the length X2.
  • the height of the spiral side surface F31b is defined as the height Y2.
  • the spiral angle D formed by the spiral bottom surface F31a and the spiral side surface F31b is, for example, 45 to 90°.
  • the spiral groove F31 has a role of increasing frictional heat by coming into contact with the metal member to be joined and guiding the plastic fluid material to the tip side.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view showing a first modification of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a of the pin step portion F21 and the step side surface F21b is 85°.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an acute angle within a range in which the plastic fluid material stays in the pin step portion F21 during frictional stirring and is discharged to the outside without adhering. ..
  • FIG. 4 is a side view showing a second modification of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step angle C of the pin step portion F21 is 115°.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an obtuse angle within the range of functioning as the pin step portion F21.
  • FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third modified example of the rotary tool of the present invention.
  • the step bottom surface F21a is inclined upward by 10° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction.
  • the step side face F21b is parallel to the vertical plane.
  • the step bottom surface F21a may be formed so as to incline upward from the horizontal plane toward the outer peripheral direction from the rotation axis of the tool as long as the plastic fluid material can be pressed during the friction stirring.
  • the first to third modified examples of the above rotary tool can also achieve the same effects as the following embodiments.
  • the method for manufacturing the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment is to obtain a composite rolled material by joining a pair of metal members with a rotary tool F and then rolling.
  • the surface opposite to the "back surface” is referred to as "front surface”.
  • the first metal member 1 has a plate shape.
  • the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 is a vertical surface perpendicular to the front surface 1b and the back surface 1c.
  • the first metal member 1 is formed of an aluminum alloy in this embodiment, it may be formed of a friction stirrable metal material such as aluminum, copper, a copper alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, or a magnesium alloy.
  • the second metal member 2 has a plate shape.
  • the plate thickness of the second metal member 2 is smaller than the plate thickness of the first metal member 1.
  • the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the vertical plane.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the end surface 2a may be set as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, it is the same as the inclination angle ⁇ of the tip side pin F3.
  • the second metal member 2 has a melting point higher than that of the first metal member 1 and is made of a friction stirrable material.
  • the second metal member 2 may be formed of copper or a copper alloy, for example.
  • the composite rolled material manufacturing method includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step.
  • the joining method in the claims is a step of performing a preparation step, a butting step, and a joining step.
  • the preparation step is a step of preparing the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2 and the rotary tool F described above.
  • the abutting step is a step of abutting the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 with each other, as shown in FIG.
  • the abutting portion J is formed by abutting the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2.
  • a gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J so that the opening widens toward the surfaces 1b and 2b.
  • the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are flush with each other.
  • the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are immovably fixed to the pedestal K.
  • the joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F.
  • the tip side of the rotary tool F is located at the start position Sp set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Insert pin F3.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the base end pin F2 is brought into contact with only the first metal member 1 while the outer peripheral surface of the tip end pin F3 is not brought into contact with the second metal member 2.
  • the second metal member 2 side (the side close to the butting portion J) becomes the shear side
  • the first metal member 1 side (the side apart from the butting portion J) becomes the flow side.
  • the first metal member 1 is arranged so as to be located on the right side in the traveling direction, and the rotary tool F is rotated clockwise.
  • the rotation tool F is rotated counterclockwise, so that the second metal member 2 side (the side closer to the abutting portion J) in the plasticizing region W is rotated. ) Is the sheer side.
  • the insertion depth of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but in the present embodiment, it is set to about 90% of the plate thickness of the first metal member 1.
  • the first metal and the second metal do not diffuse at the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 do not diffuse. 2 cannot be firmly joined.
  • the rotating tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into contact with each other and friction stir is performed in a state where the overlapping margin between the two is increased, the welding conditions are adjusted by softening the second metal member 2 in order to soften the second metal member 2. Needs to be increased, which may result in defective joints.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are slightly contacted to each other so that the first metal and the second metal are diffused and bonded to each other at the butt portion J, or Alternatively, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into close contact with each other without being brought into contact with each other.
  • the tip pin of the rotary tool F is joined in the joining step. It is preferable to join the outer peripheral surface of F3 and the second metal member 2 in a state where they are as close as possible without contacting each other.
  • the rolling process is a process of rolling the joined first metal member 1 and second metal member 2. As shown in FIG. 10, in the rolling process, cold rolling is performed using a rolling device equipped with rollers R and R. In the rolling step, the joining line (plasticized region W) in the joining step is set in the rolling direction and rolling is performed.
  • the composite rolled material 10 shown in FIG. 11 is formed.
  • the rolling reduction in the rolling step may be appropriately set according to the materials of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 and the use of the composite rolled material 10. As shown in FIG. 9, there is a difference in plate thickness between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 after the joining process, but the difference is negligible after the rolling process shown in FIG. 11. Has been rolled into.
  • the first metal member 1 is easily formed. Can be prepared. Further, although the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface, in the butting step, the butting work can be easily performed because the butting is performed with a gap having a V-shaped cross section. Further, the plate thickness of the first metal member 1 is made larger than the plate thickness of the second metal member 2, and the plastic flow material is caused to flow into the gap of the abutting portion J in the joining process, so that the metal shortage at the joining portion is prevented. be able to.
  • the conventional rotary tool 900 does not press the surface of the metal member 910 to be bonded by the shoulder portion, and therefore the stepped groove (the surface of the metal member to be bonded and the surface of the plasticized region is There is a problem in that the joint surface roughness becomes large as well as the concave groove formed by. Further, there is a problem that a bulging portion (a portion where the surface of the metal member to be joined swells as compared with that before joining) is formed beside the stepped groove. On the other hand, if the taper angle E2 of the rotary tool 901 is larger than the taper angle E1 of the rotary tool 900 as in the rotary tool 901 of FIG. Therefore, the stepped groove becomes smaller and the bulge also becomes smaller. However, since the downward plastic flow becomes strong, a kissing bond is likely to be formed below the plasticized region.
  • the rotary tool F of the present embodiment is configured to include the base end side pin F2 and the tip end side pin F3 having a taper angle smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2. This facilitates insertion of the rotary tool F into the first metal member 1. Moreover, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, the rotary tool F can be easily inserted to a deep position of the first metal member 1. Further, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, downward plastic flow can be suppressed as compared with the rotary tool 901. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the kissing bond from being formed below the plasticized region W1. On the other hand, since the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2 is large, compared to the conventional rotary tool, stable welding can be performed even if the thickness of the metal member to be welded or the welding height position changes.
  • the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs and prevent the joint from running out of metal.
  • the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, the stepped groove formed on the joint surface can be made small and the bulging portion formed beside the stepped groove. Can be eliminated or reduced.
  • the stepped pin step portion F21 is shallow and has a wide outlet, the plastic fluid material is likely to come out of the pin step portion F21 while pressing the plastic fluid material with the step bottom face F21a.
  • the joint surface roughness can be reduced and the joint quality can be preferably stabilized.
  • the temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J decreases, and mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted. There is a risk of poor bonding. If the joining conditions are adjusted so as to increase the heat input, burrs may occur from the first metal member 1 side which is the shear side. However, as in the present embodiment, by setting the joining conditions (the rotation direction of the rotary tool F, the traveling direction, etc.) so that the side of the second metal member 2 having the higher melting point in the plasticized region W becomes the shear side. The temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J can be maintained at a relatively high temperature, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals can be promoted, and joint failure can be prevented.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F may be slightly contacted with the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are set so as not to contact each other, and thus the materials are different. It is possible to prevent the metal members from being stirred.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ (see FIG. 1) of the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3 and the inclination angle ⁇ (see FIG. 3) of the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are the same angle.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ and the inclination angle ⁇ may be set differently, but by setting the two to be the same, the distance between the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 can be easily set. That is, it is easy to bring the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 closer to each other without contacting each other.
  • a joining method (method for manufacturing a composite rolled material) according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
  • the manufacturing method of the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step.
  • a stepped stand KA is prepared in the preparation step.
  • the step mount KA has a bottom portion K1, a bottom portion K2 located at a position higher than the bottom portion K1, and a step side surface K3.
  • the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are butted.
  • the first metal member 1 is arranged on the bottom portion K1, and the end face 1a of the first metal member 1 is brought into contact with the step side face K3.
  • the abutting portion J is formed by abutting the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2.
  • a gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J1 as in the first embodiment.
  • the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 is located higher than the surface 2b of the second metal member 2, and the second metal member is also located.
  • the back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 is at a lower position than the back surface 2c of No. 2.
  • the joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F as shown in FIG.
  • friction stirring is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, while rotating the proximal pin F2 of the rotary tool F, the rotary tool F is inserted at the start position set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Then, the rotary tool F is relatively moved in parallel with the extension direction of the abutting portion J. The rotating tool F may slightly contact the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the friction stir is performed in a state of contacting only the first metal member 1. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool F.
  • friction stir welding is mainly performed so that the plastic fluid material on the first metal member 1 side flows into the gap of the abutting portion J.
  • the base end side pin F2 is inserted so that the tip end (flat surface F4) of the base end side pin F2 of the rotary tool F is located below the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2. Set the depth.
  • the rolling process is the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the friction stir welding is performed with the proximal end side pin F2 inserted at a position deeper than the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2, so that the second metal member is used. It becomes possible to join the entire No. 2 in the plate thickness direction (see FIG. 16). Thereby, the bonding strength between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be increased.

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  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

According to the present invention, in a joining step, a rotating distal-end-side pin (F3) is inserted from only a surface (1b) of a first metal member (1), and in a state in which the outer peripheral surface of the distal-end-side pin (F3) is brought into contact with the first metal member (1) while the outer peripheral surface of a base-end-side pin (F2) is brought into contact with the first metal member (1), the first metal member (1) is caused to relatively move by the rotating tool (F) along an abutting part (J) while being caused to flow into a gap in the abutting part (J), thus joining the first metal member (1) and a second metal member (2).

Description

接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法Joining method and composite rolled material manufacturing method
　本発明は、接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a joining method and a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material.
　例えば、特許文献１には、材料の異なる金属部材同士を回転ツールで摩擦攪拌接合する技術が開示されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique of friction stir welding metal members made of different materials with a rotary tool.
特開２０１６－１５０３８０号公報JP, 2016-150380, A
　従来の接合方法では、第一金属部材及び第二金属部材の両方の端部に傾斜面を設け、これらの傾斜面同士を面接触させて突き合わせるというものであった。そのため、傾斜面を形成するのが煩雑になるとともに、両金属部材の傾斜角度が一致しないと面接触しないため準備工程及び突合せ工程が煩雑になるという問題があった。また、従来の接合方法のように攪拌ピンのみを被接合金属部材に接触させる形態であるとバリが多く発生して金属不足になるおそれがある。 In the conventional joining method, inclined surfaces were provided at both ends of the first metal member and the second metal member, and the inclined surfaces were brought into surface contact with each other and abutted against each other. Therefore, there is a problem that it is complicated to form the inclined surface, and if the inclination angles of both metal members do not match, no surface contact occurs, and the preparation step and the butting step are complicated. Further, when the stirring pin alone is brought into contact with the metal member to be welded as in the conventional welding method, a large amount of burrs may occur and the metal may be insufficient.
　このような観点から、本発明は、異なる種類の金属部材を好適に接合することができる接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法を提供することを課題とする。 From this point of view, it is an object of the present invention to provide a joining method capable of suitably joining different types of metal members and a method for producing a composite rolled material.
　このような課題を解決するために本発明は、基端側ピンと、先端側ピンとを備えた回転ツールを用いて材料の異なる一対の金属部材を接合する接合方法であって、前記基端側ピンのテーパー角度は、前記先端側ピンのテーパー角度よりも大きくなっており、前記基端側ピンの外周面には階段状のピン段差部が形成されており、端部に垂直面を備えた第一金属部材と、端部に傾斜面を備え前記第一金属部材よりも融点が高く板厚が小さい第二金属部材と、を準備する準備工程と、前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材との端部同士を突き合わせてＶ字状の隙間を備えた突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、回転する前記先端側ピンを前記第一金属部材の表面のみから挿入するとともに、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材に接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を少なくとも前記第一金属部材に接触させた状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合する接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。 In order to solve such a problem, the present invention is a joining method for joining a pair of metal members made of different materials using a rotary tool including a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, the base end side pin Taper angle of the tip side pin is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the end face having a vertical surface is formed. A preparatory step of preparing one metal member and a second metal member having an inclined surface at an end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of abutting end portions of the butt with each other to form a butt portion having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating front end side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the base end side pin. While contacting the outer peripheral surface of the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side pin, at least the first metal member is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin, while the first metal member flows into the gap. A joining step of joining the first metal member and the second metal member by moving the rotary tool relative to each other.
　また、本発明は、基端側ピンと、先端側ピンとを備えた回転ツールを用いて材料の異なる一対の金属材料で形成された複合圧延材の製造方法であって、前記基端側ピンのテーパー角度は、前記先端側ピンのテーパー角度よりも大きくなっており、前記基端側ピンの外周面には階段状のピン段差部が形成されており、端部に垂直面を備えた第一金属部材と、端部に傾斜面を備え前記第一金属部材よりも融点が高く板厚が小さい第二金属部材と、を準備する準備工程と、前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材との端部同士を突き合わせてＶ字状の隙間を備えた突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、回転する前記先端側ピンを前記第一金属部材の表面のみから挿入するとともに、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材に接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を少なくとも前記第一金属部材に接触させた状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールで相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合する接合工程と、前記接合工程で接合された前記金属部材同士を、その接合線を圧延方向として圧延する圧延工程と、を含むことを特徴とする。 Further, the present invention is a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material formed of a pair of metallic materials of different materials using a rotary tool having a base end side pin and a tip end side pin, wherein the base end side taper is tapered. The angle is larger than the taper angle of the tip side pin, the stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin, and the first metal having a vertical surface at the end portion. A member, a preparation step of preparing a second metal member having an inclined surface at the end and having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member, and the first metal member and the second metal member A butting step of butting the ends together to form a butting part having a V-shaped gap, and inserting the rotating tip side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, and the outer circumference of the base side pin. While the surface is in contact with the first metal member and the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin is in contact with at least the first metal member, the first metal member is caused to flow into the gap along the abutting portion. And a relative joining process for joining the first metal member and the second metal member by relatively moving with the rotary tool, and the metal members joined in the joining process are rolled with the joining line as the rolling direction. And a rolling step.
　かかる方法によれば、傾斜面を形成するのは第二金属部材だけで済むため準備工程が容易になる。また、Ｖ字状の隙間を設けた状態で両金属部材を突き合わせるため、高い精度は必要なく突合せ工程も容易に行うことができる。また、例えば、第一金属部材のみに接触するように回転ツールの先端側ピンを挿入すれば、軟化温度の低い第一金属部材に合わせて接合条件を調節することができ、入熱量を抑えることができる。したがって、第一金属部材が大きく軟化してバリが過剰に発生するのを抑制することができ、金属不足による接合不良を防ぐことができる。また、基端側ピンの外周面を第一金属部材に接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌を行うためバリの発生をより抑制することができる。 According to this method, since the inclined surface is formed only by the second metal member, the preparation process becomes easy. Further, since the two metal members are butted with each other with the V-shaped gap provided, high accuracy is not required and the butting process can be easily performed. Further, for example, if the tip side pin of the rotary tool is inserted so as to contact only the first metal member, the joining condition can be adjusted according to the first metal member having a low softening temperature, and the heat input amount can be suppressed. You can Therefore, it is possible to prevent the first metal member from being significantly softened and excessively generated burr, and it is possible to prevent defective bonding due to insufficient metal. Further, since the friction stirring is performed while the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is in contact with the first metal member, it is possible to further suppress the generation of burrs.
　また、前記突合せ工程では、前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材の裏面同士を面一とした状態で前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを突き合わせることが好ましい。 In the abutting step, it is preferable that the first metal member and the second metal member are abutted with the back surfaces of the first metal member and the second metal member flush with each other.
　かかる接合方法によれば、金属部材同士の裏面を面一にすることができる。 According to this joining method, the back surfaces of the metal members can be flush with each other.
　また、前記突合せ工程では、前記第一金属部材の裏面が前記第二金属部材の裏面よりも低い位置となり、前記第一金属部材の表面が前記第二金属部材の表面よりも高い位置となるように前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを付き合わせ、前記接合工程では、攪拌ピンの先端が前記第二金属部材の裏面の高さよりも下に位置するように前記先端側ピンの挿入深さを設定することが好ましい。 Further, in the abutting step, the back surface of the first metal member is positioned lower than the back surface of the second metal member, and the surface of the first metal member is positioned higher than the surface of the second metal member. The first metal member and the second metal member are attached to each other, and in the joining step, the tip side pin is inserted so that the tip of the stirring pin is located below the height of the back surface of the second metal member. It is preferable to set the depth.
　かかる接合方法によれば、第二金属部材の深さ方向全体に亘って摩擦攪拌を行うことができる。 According to this joining method, friction stirring can be performed over the entire depth direction of the second metal member.
　また、前記接合工程では、前記回転ツールの移動軌跡に形成される塑性化領域のうち、前記第二金属部材側がシアー側となり、前記第一金属部材側がフロー側となるように前記回転ツールの回転方向及び進行方向を設定することが好ましい。 In the joining step, the rotation tool is rotated so that the second metal member side is the shear side and the first metal member side is the flow side in the plasticized region formed on the movement trajectory of the rotation tool. It is preferable to set the direction and the traveling direction.
　塑性化領域のうち、融点が高い第二金属部材側がフロー側となると、突合せ部での第一金属部材の温度が低下して、異なる金属同士の界面における相互拡散が促進されず、接合不良となるおそれがある。しかし、かかる接合方法によれば、融点の高い第二金属部材側がシアー側となるように設定することで、突合せ部での第一金属部材の温度を比較的高温に保つことが可能となり、異なる金属同士の界面における相互拡散が促進され、接合不良となるのを防ぐことができる。 In the plasticized region, when the second metal member side having a high melting point becomes the flow side, the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion decreases, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted, and bonding failure occurs. May be. However, according to such a joining method, by setting the second metal member side having a high melting point to be the shear side, the temperature of the first metal member at the abutting portion can be kept relatively high, which is different. Mutual diffusion at the interface between metals is promoted, and it is possible to prevent poor bonding.
　なお、シアー側とは、接合部に対する回転ツールの外周の相対速さが、回転ツールの外周における接線速度の大きさに移動速度の大きさを加算した値となる側である。フロー側とは、接合部に対する回転ツールの外周の相対速さが、回転ツールの外周における接線速度の大きさに移動速度の大きさを減算した値となる側である。 Note that the shear side is the side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by adding the magnitude of the moving speed to the magnitude of the tangential velocity on the outer circumference of the rotary tool. The flow side is a side where the relative speed of the outer circumference of the rotary tool with respect to the joint is a value obtained by subtracting the magnitude of the moving speed from the magnitude of the tangential speed on the outer circumference of the rotary tool.
　また、前記準備工程では、前記第一金属部材をアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金で形成し、前記第二金属部材を銅又は銅合金で形成し、前記接合工程では、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材のみに接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を前記第二金属部材に接触させない状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合することが好ましい。 Further, in the preparing step, the first metal member is formed of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, the second metal member is formed of copper or a copper alloy, and in the joining step, the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin is formed as described above. The rotating tool along the abutting portion while allowing the first metal member to flow into the gap while contacting only the first metal member with the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin not contacting the second metal member. It is preferable that the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by relatively moving.
　かかる接合方法によれば、銅又は銅合金製の金属部材とアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金製の金属部材とを好適に接合することができる。 According to such a joining method, it is possible to suitably join a metal member made of copper or a copper alloy and a metal member made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
　また、前記接合工程では、前記回転ツールの先端側ピンの外周面に基端から先端に向かうにつれて左回りの螺旋溝を刻設した場合、前記回転ツールを右回転させ、前記回転ツールの先端側ピンの外周面に基端から先端に向かうにつれて右回りの螺旋溝を刻設した場合、前記回転ツールを左回転させることが好ましい。 Further, in the joining step, when the counterclockwise spiral groove is engraved from the base end toward the tip on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin of the rotary tool, the rotary tool is rotated clockwise to the tip side of the rotary tool. When a clockwise spiral groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the pin from the base end toward the tip, it is preferable to rotate the rotary tool counterclockwise.
　かかる接合方法によれば、塑性流動化した金属が螺旋溝に導かれて回転ツールの先端側に流動するため、バリの発生を抑制することができる。 According to this joining method, the plasticized metal is guided to the spiral groove and flows to the tip side of the rotary tool, so that the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed.
　本発明に係る接合方法及び複合圧延材の製造方法によれば、異なる種類の金属部材を好適に接合することができる。 According to the joining method and the method for manufacturing a composite rolled material according to the present invention, it is possible to suitably join different types of metal members.
本発明の実施形態に係る回転ツールを示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the rotary tool which concerns on embodiment of this invention. 回転ツールの拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view of a rotation tool. 回転ツールの第一変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 1st modification of a rotary tool. 回転ツールの第二変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 2nd modification of a rotary tool. 回転ツールの第三変形例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the 3rd modification of a rotary tool. 本発明の第一実施形態に係る準備工程及び突合せ工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation process and the matching process which concern on 1st embodiment of this invention. 第一実施形態に係る接合工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a joining process concerning a first embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る接合工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the joining process which concerns on 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る接合工程後を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the bonding process which concerns on 1st embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る圧延工程を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a rolling process concerning a first embodiment. 第一実施形態に係る圧延工程後を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the rolling process which concerns on 1st embodiment. 従来の回転ツールを示す概念図であるIt is a conceptual diagram which shows the conventional rotation tool. 従来の回転ツールを示す概念図である。It is a conceptual diagram which shows the conventional rotation tool. 本発明の第二実施形態に係る準備工程及び突合せ工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the preparation process and the matching process which concern on 2nd embodiment of this invention. 第二実施形態に係る接合工程を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment. 第二実施形態に係る接合工程後を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the joining process which concerns on 2nd embodiment.
　本発明の実施形態について、適宜図面を参照しながら説明する。まずは、本実施形態に係る接合方法で用いる回転ツールについて説明する。回転ツールは、摩擦攪拌接合に用いられるツールである。図１に示すように、回転ツールＦは、例えば工具鋼で形成されており、基軸部Ｆ１と、基端側ピンＦ２と、先端側ピンＦ３とで主に構成されている。基軸部Ｆ１は、円柱状を呈し、摩擦攪拌装置の主軸に接続される部位である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. First, a rotating tool used in the joining method according to the present embodiment will be described. The rotary tool is a tool used for friction stir welding. As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary tool F is formed of, for example, tool steel, and mainly includes a base shaft portion F1, a base end side pin F2, and a tip end side pin F3. The base shaft portion F1 has a cylindrical shape and is a portion connected to the main shaft of the friction stirrer.
　基端側ピンＦ２は、基軸部Ｆ１に連続し、先端に向けて先細りになっている。基端側ピンＦ２は、円錐台形状を呈する。基端側ピンＦ２のテーパー角度Ａは適宜設定すればよいが、例えば、１３５～１６０°になっている。テーパー角度Ａが１３５°未満であるか、又は、１６０°を超えると摩擦攪拌後の接合表面粗さが大きくなる。テーパー角度Ａは、後記する先端側ピンＦ３のテーパー角度Ｂよりも大きくなっている。図２に示すように、基端側ピンＦ２の外周面には、階段状のピン段差部Ｆ２１が高さ方向の全体に亘って形成されている。ピン段差部Ｆ２１は、右回り又は左回りで螺旋状に形成されている。つまり、ピン段差部Ｆ２１は、平面視して螺旋状であり、側面視すると階段状になっている。本実施形態では、回転ツールＦを右回転させるため、ピン段差部Ｆ２１は基端側から先端側に向けて左回りに設定している。 　The base end side pin F2 is continuous with the base shaft part F1 and tapers toward the tip. The proximal pin F2 has a truncated cone shape. The taper angle A of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but is, for example, 135 to 160°. When the taper angle A is less than 135° or exceeds 160°, the joint surface roughness after frictional stirring becomes large. The taper angle A is larger than the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 described later. As shown in FIG. 2, a stepped pin stepped portion F21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2 over the entire height direction. The pin step portion F21 is formed in a spiral shape in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. That is, the pin step portion F21 has a spiral shape in a plan view and a step shape in a side view. In this embodiment, since the rotary tool F is rotated clockwise, the pin step portion F21 is set counterclockwise from the base end side toward the tip end side.
　なお、回転ツールＦを左回転させる場合は、ピン段差部Ｆ２１を基端側から先端側に向けて右回りに設定することが好ましい。これにより、ピン段差部Ｆ２１によって塑性流動材が先端側に導かれるため、被接合金属部材の外部に溢れ出る金属を低減することができる。ピン段差部Ｆ２１は、段差底面Ｆ２１ａと、段差側面Ｆ２１ｂとで構成されている。隣り合うピン段差部Ｆ２１の各頂点Ｆ２１ｃ，Ｆ２１ｃの距離Ｘ１（水平方向距離）は、後記する段差角度Ｃ及び段差側面Ｆ２１ｂの高さＹ１に応じて適宜設定される。 When rotating the rotary tool F counterclockwise, it is preferable to set the pin step portion F21 clockwise from the base end side toward the tip end side. As a result, the plastic flow material is guided to the tip side by the pin step portion F21, so that the amount of metal overflowing to the outside of the metal member to be joined can be reduced. The pin step portion F21 includes a step bottom surface F21a and a step side surface F21b. The distance X1 (horizontal direction distance) between the vertices F21c and F21c of the adjacent pin step portions F21 is appropriately set according to the step angle C and the height Y1 of the step side face F21b described later.
　段差側面Ｆ２１ｂの高さＹ１は適宜設定すればよいが、例えば、０．１～０．４ｍｍで設定されている。高さＹ１が０．１ｍｍ未満であると接合表面粗さが大きくなる。一方、高さＹ１が０．４ｍｍを超えると接合表面粗さが大きくなる傾向があるとともに、有効段差部数（被接合金属部材と接触しているピン段差部Ｆ２１の数）も減少する。 The height Y1 of the step side face F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 0.1 to 0.4 mm, for example. If the height Y1 is less than 0.1 mm, the joint surface roughness becomes large. On the other hand, when the height Y1 exceeds 0.4 mm, the joint surface roughness tends to increase, and the number of effective step portions (the number of pin step portions F21 in contact with the metal member to be joined) also decreases.
　段差底面Ｆ２１ａと段差側面Ｆ２１ｂとでなす段差角度Ｃは適宜設定すればよいが、例えば、８５～１２０°で設定されている。段差底面Ｆ２１ａは、本実施形態では水平面と平行になっている。段差底面Ｆ２１ａは、ツールの回転軸から外周方向に向かって水平面に対して－５°～１５°内の範囲で傾斜していてもよい（マイナスは水平面に対して下方、プラスは水平面に対して上方）。距離Ｘ１、段差側面Ｆ２１ｂの高さＹ１、段差角度Ｃ及び水平面に対する段差底面Ｆ２１ａの角度は、摩擦攪拌を行う際に、塑性流動材がピン段差部Ｆ２１の内部に滞留して付着することなく外部に抜けるとともに、段差底面Ｆ２１ａで塑性流動材を押えて接合表面粗さを小さくすることができるように適宜設定する。 The step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a and the step side surface F21b may be set appropriately, but is set to 85 to 120°, for example. The step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane in the present embodiment. The step bottom surface F21a may be inclined in the range of −5° to 15° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction (minus is downward with respect to the horizontal plane, plus is with respect to the horizontal plane). Above). The distance X1, the height Y1 of the step side face F21b, the step angle C, and the angle of the step bottom face F21a with respect to the horizontal plane are set such that the plastic fluid material does not stay inside the pin step portion F21 and adhere to the outside during friction stirring. It is properly set so that the joint surface roughness can be reduced by pressing the plastic fluid material at the bottom surface F21a of the step while the joint surface roughness is reduced.
　図１に示すように、先端側ピンＦ３は、基端側ピンＦ２に連続して形成されている。先端側ピンＦ３は円錐台形状を呈する。先端側ピンＦ３の先端は回転軸に対して垂直な平坦面Ｆ４になっている。先端側ピンＦ３のテーパー角度Ｂは、基端側ピンＦ２のテーパー角度Ａよりも小さくなっている。図２に示すように、先端側ピンＦ３の外周面には、螺旋溝Ｆ３１が刻設されている。螺旋溝Ｆ３１は、右回り、左回りのどちらでもよいが、本実施形態では回転ツールＦを右回転させるため、基端側から先端側に向けて左回りに刻設されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the tip side pin F3 is formed continuously with the base side pin F2. The tip side pin F3 has a truncated cone shape. The tip of the tip side pin F3 is a flat surface F4 perpendicular to the rotation axis. The taper angle B of the tip end side pin F3 is smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2. As shown in FIG. 2, a spiral groove F31 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3. The spiral groove F31 may be clockwise or counterclockwise, but in the present embodiment, the spiral groove F31 is engraved counterclockwise from the base end side to the tip end side in order to rotate the rotary tool F clockwise.
　なお、回転ツールＦを左回転させる場合は、螺旋溝Ｆ３１を基端側から先端側に向けて右回りに設定することが好ましい。これにより、螺旋溝Ｆ３１によって塑性流動材が先端側に導かれるため、被接合金属部材の外部に溢れ出る金属を低減することができる。螺旋溝Ｆ３１は、螺旋底面Ｆ３１ａと、螺旋側面Ｆ３１ｂとで構成されている。隣り合う螺旋溝Ｆ３１の頂点Ｆ３１ｃ，Ｆ３１ｃの距離（水平方向距離）を長さＸ２とする。螺旋側面Ｆ３１ｂの高さを高さＹ２とする。螺旋底面Ｆ３１ａと、螺旋側面Ｆ３１ｂとで構成される螺旋角度Ｄは例えば、４５～９０°で形成されている。螺旋溝Ｆ３１は、被接合金属部材と接触することにより摩擦熱を上昇させるとともに、塑性流動材を先端側に導く役割を備えている。 When rotating the rotary tool F counterclockwise, it is preferable to set the spiral groove F31 clockwise from the base end side to the tip end side. As a result, the plastic fluid material is guided to the tip side by the spiral groove F31, so that the amount of metal overflowing to the outside of the metal member to be joined can be reduced. The spiral groove F31 includes a spiral bottom surface F31a and a spiral side surface F31b. The distance (horizontal distance) between the vertices F31c and F31c of the adjacent spiral grooves F31 is defined as the length X2. The height of the spiral side surface F31b is defined as the height Y2. The spiral angle D formed by the spiral bottom surface F31a and the spiral side surface F31b is, for example, 45 to 90°. The spiral groove F31 has a role of increasing frictional heat by coming into contact with the metal member to be joined and guiding the plastic fluid material to the tip side.
　回転ツールＦは、適宜設計変更が可能である。図３は、本発明の回転ツールの第一変形例を示す側面図である。図３に示すように、第一変形例に係る回転ツールＦＡでは、ピン段差部Ｆ２１の段差底面Ｆ２１ａと段差側面Ｆ２１ｂとのなす段差角度Ｃが８５°になっている。段差底面Ｆ２１ａは、水平面と平行である。このように、段差底面Ｆ２１ａは水平面と平行であるとともに、段差角度Ｃは、摩擦攪拌中にピン段差部Ｆ２１内に塑性流動材が滞留して付着することなく外部に抜ける範囲で鋭角としてもよい。 The design of the rotating tool F can be changed appropriately. FIG. 3 is a side view showing a first modification of the rotary tool of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in the rotary tool FA according to the first modification, the step angle C formed by the step bottom surface F21a of the pin step portion F21 and the step side surface F21b is 85°. The step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane. As described above, the step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an acute angle within a range in which the plastic fluid material stays in the pin step portion F21 during frictional stirring and is discharged to the outside without adhering. ..
　図４は、本発明の回転ツールの第二変形例を示す側面図である。図４に示すように、第二変形例に係る回転ツールＦＢでは、ピン段差部Ｆ２１の段差角度Ｃが１１５°になっている。段差底面Ｆ２１ａは水平面と平行になっている。このように、段差底面Ｆ２１ａは水平面と平行であるとともに、ピン段差部Ｆ２１として機能する範囲で段差角度Ｃが鈍角となってもよい。 FIG. 4 is a side view showing a second modification of the rotary tool of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, in the rotary tool FB according to the second modification, the step angle C of the pin step portion F21 is 115°. The step bottom surface F21a is parallel to the horizontal plane. As described above, the step bottom surface F21a may be parallel to the horizontal plane, and the step angle C may be an obtuse angle within the range of functioning as the pin step portion F21.
　図５は、本発明の回転ツールの第三変形例を示す側面図である。図５に示すように、第三変形例に係る回転ツールＦＣでは、段差底面Ｆ２１ａがツールの回転軸から外周方向に向かって水平面に対して１０°上方に傾斜している。段差側面Ｆ２１ｂは、鉛直面と平行になっている。このように、摩擦攪拌中に塑性流動材を押さえることができる範囲で、段差底面Ｆ２１ａがツールの回転軸から外周方向に向かって水平面よりも上方に傾斜するように形成されていてもよい。上記の回転ツールの第一～第三変形例によっても、下記の実施形態と同等の効果を奏することができる。 FIG. 5 is a side view showing a third modified example of the rotary tool of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, in the rotary tool FC according to the third modification, the step bottom surface F21a is inclined upward by 10° with respect to the horizontal plane from the rotation axis of the tool toward the outer peripheral direction. The step side face F21b is parallel to the vertical plane. As described above, the step bottom surface F21a may be formed so as to incline upward from the horizontal plane toward the outer peripheral direction from the rotation axis of the tool as long as the plastic fluid material can be pressed during the friction stirring. The first to third modified examples of the above rotary tool can also achieve the same effects as the following embodiments.
［第一実施形態］
　次に、本発明の第一実施形態の接合方法（複合圧延材の製造方法）について説明する。本実施形態に係る複合圧延材の製造方法は、一対の金属部材同士を回転ツールＦで接合した後に圧延し、複合圧延材を得るというものである。なお、以下においては、「裏面」の反対側の面を「表面」とする。 [First embodiment]
Next, a joining method (a method for manufacturing a composite rolled material) according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. The method for manufacturing the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment is to obtain a composite rolled material by joining a pair of metal members with a rotary tool F and then rolling. In the following, the surface opposite to the "back surface" is referred to as "front surface".
　図６に示すように、第一金属部材１は、板状を呈する。第一金属部材１の端面１ａは、表面１ｂ及び裏面１ｃに対して垂直な垂直面になっている。第一金属部材１は、本実施形態ではアルミニウム合金で形成されているが、アルミニウム、銅、銅合金、チタン、チタン合金、マグネシウム、マグネシウム合金など摩擦攪拌可能な金属材料で形成してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 6, the first metal member 1 has a plate shape. The end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 is a vertical surface perpendicular to the front surface 1b and the back surface 1c. Although the first metal member 1 is formed of an aluminum alloy in this embodiment, it may be formed of a friction stirrable metal material such as aluminum, copper, a copper alloy, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, or a magnesium alloy.
　第二金属部材２は、板状を呈する。第二金属部材２の板厚は、第一金属部材１の板厚よりも小さくなっている。第二金属部材２の端面２ａは、鉛直面に対して傾斜する傾斜面となっている。端面２ａの傾斜角度βは適宜設定すればよいが、本実施形態では、先端側ピンＦ３の傾斜角度αと同一になっている。第二金属部材２は、第一金属部材１よりも融点が高く、かつ、摩擦攪拌可能な材料で形成されている。第二金属部材２は、例えば、銅又は銅合金で形成してもよい。 The second metal member 2 has a plate shape. The plate thickness of the second metal member 2 is smaller than the plate thickness of the first metal member 1. The end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface that is inclined with respect to the vertical plane. The inclination angle β of the end surface 2a may be set as appropriate, but in the present embodiment, it is the same as the inclination angle α of the tip side pin F3. The second metal member 2 has a melting point higher than that of the first metal member 1 and is made of a friction stirrable material. The second metal member 2 may be formed of copper or a copper alloy, for example.
　本実施形態に係る複合圧延材の製造方法は、準備工程と、突合せ工程と、接合工程と、圧延工程と、を行う。なお、特許請求の範囲の接合方法は、準備工程と、突合せ工程と、接合工程と、を行う工程である。 The composite rolled material manufacturing method according to the present embodiment includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step. The joining method in the claims is a step of performing a preparation step, a butting step, and a joining step.
　準備工程は、前記した第一金属部材１、第二金属部材２及び回転ツールＦを用意する工程である。突合せ工程は、図６に示すように、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２の端部同士を突き合わせる工程である。突合せ工程では、第一金属部材１の端面１ａと、第二金属部材２の端面２ａとを突き合わせて突合せ部Ｊを形成する。突合せ部Ｊは、表面１ｂ，２ｂに向かうにつれて開口が広がるように断面Ｖ字状の隙間が形成される。第一金属部材１の裏面１ｃと、第二金属部材２の裏面２ｃとは面一になる。第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２は架台Ｋに移動不能に固定される。 The preparation step is a step of preparing the first metal member 1, the second metal member 2 and the rotary tool F described above. The abutting step is a step of abutting the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 with each other, as shown in FIG. In the abutting step, the abutting portion J is formed by abutting the end surface 1a of the first metal member 1 and the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2. A gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J so that the opening widens toward the surfaces 1b and 2b. The back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 and the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2 are flush with each other. The first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are immovably fixed to the pedestal K.
　接合工程は、回転ツールＦを用いて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを接合する工程である。図７に示すように、接合工程では、回転ツールＦを回転させつつ、第一金属部材１の表面１ｂであり、かつ、突合せ部Ｊの近傍に設定した開始位置Ｓｐに回転ツールＦの先端側ピンＦ３を挿入する。そして、基端側ピンＦ２の外周面を第一金属部材１のみに接触させつつ、先端側ピンＦ３の外周面を第二金属部材２に接触させない状態とする。図８に示すように、第一金属部材１側の塑性流動材を突合せ部Ｊの隙間に流入させながら突合せ部Ｊに沿って前記回転ツールＦを相対移動させて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを接合する。図９に示すように、回転ツールＦの移動軌跡には、塑性化領域Ｗが形成される。 The joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F. As shown in FIG. 7, in the joining process, while rotating the rotary tool F, the tip side of the rotary tool F is located at the start position Sp set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Insert pin F3. Then, the outer peripheral surface of the base end pin F2 is brought into contact with only the first metal member 1 while the outer peripheral surface of the tip end pin F3 is not brought into contact with the second metal member 2. As shown in FIG. 8, while the plastic fluid material on the side of the first metal member 1 is allowed to flow into the gap of the abutting portion J, the rotary tool F is relatively moved along the abutting portion J to move the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 together. The metal member 2 is joined. As shown in FIG. 9, a plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool F.
　接合工程では、塑性化領域Ｗのうち、第二金属部材２側（突合せ部Ｊに近い側）がシアー側となり、第一金属部材１側（突合せ部Ｊから離間する側）がフロー側となるように設定している。つまり、本実施形態に係る接合工程では、進行方向右側に第一金属部材１が位置するように配置して、回転ツールＦを右回転させる。なお、進行方向右側に第二金属部材２が位置するように配置した場合は、回転ツールＦを左回転させることにより、塑性化領域Ｗのうち第二金属部材２側（突合せ部Ｊに近い側）がシアー側となる。 In the joining step, in the plasticized region W, the second metal member 2 side (the side close to the butting portion J) becomes the shear side, and the first metal member 1 side (the side apart from the butting portion J) becomes the flow side. Is set. That is, in the joining step according to the present embodiment, the first metal member 1 is arranged so as to be located on the right side in the traveling direction, and the rotary tool F is rotated clockwise. When the second metal member 2 is arranged on the right side in the traveling direction, the rotation tool F is rotated counterclockwise, so that the second metal member 2 side (the side closer to the abutting portion J) in the plasticizing region W is rotated. ) Is the sheer side.
　基端側ピンＦ２の挿入深さは適宜設定すればよいが、本実施形態では第一金属部材１の板厚の９０％程度の深さに設定している。ここで、回転ツールＦの外周面と第二金属部材２とが大きく離間すると、突合せ部Ｊで第一金属と第二金属とが相互に拡散せず、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを強固に接合することができない。一方、回転ツールＦと第二金属部材２とを接触させ、両者の重なり代を大きくした状態で摩擦攪拌を行うと、第二金属部材２を軟化させるために、接合条件を調節して入熱量を大きくする必要があり、接合不良となるおれがある。したがって、突合せ部Ｊで第一金属と第二金属とが相互に拡散して接合するように、回転ツールＦの外周面と第二金属部材２とをわずかに接触させた状態で接合するか、若しくは、回転ツールＦの外周面と第二金属部材２とを接触させず極力近づけた状態で接合することが好ましい。 The insertion depth of the proximal pin F2 may be set appropriately, but in the present embodiment, it is set to about 90% of the plate thickness of the first metal member 1. Here, when the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are largely separated from each other, the first metal and the second metal do not diffuse at the abutting portion J, and the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 do not diffuse. 2 cannot be firmly joined. On the other hand, when the rotating tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into contact with each other and friction stir is performed in a state where the overlapping margin between the two is increased, the welding conditions are adjusted by softening the second metal member 2 in order to soften the second metal member 2. Needs to be increased, which may result in defective joints. Therefore, the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are slightly contacted to each other so that the first metal and the second metal are diffused and bonded to each other at the butt portion J, or Alternatively, it is preferable that the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are brought into close contact with each other without being brought into contact with each other.
　また、本実施例形態のように、第一金属部材１がアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金部材であり、第二金属部材２が銅又は銅合金部材である場合、接合工程において、回転ツールＦの先端側ピンＦ３の外周面と第二金属部材２とを接触させず極力近づけた状態で接合することが好ましい。因みに、入熱量が大きくなる接合条件下で、仮に回転ツールＦの外周面と第二金属部材２（銅部材）とを接触させたとすると、アルミニウム合金部材中に少量の銅部材が攪拌混入され、Ａｌ/Ｃｕの相互拡散が促進され、アルミニウム合金部材中に分散したＡｌ－Ｃｕ相が液相となり、アルミニウム合金部材側からバリが発生する恐れがある。 When the first metal member 1 is an aluminum or aluminum alloy member and the second metal member 2 is a copper or copper alloy member as in the present embodiment, the tip pin of the rotary tool F is joined in the joining step. It is preferable to join the outer peripheral surface of F3 and the second metal member 2 in a state where they are as close as possible without contacting each other. Incidentally, if the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 (copper member) are brought into contact with each other under the joining condition where the heat input amount becomes large, a small amount of the copper member is agitated and mixed into the aluminum alloy member, The mutual diffusion of Al/Cu is promoted, the Al—Cu phase dispersed in the aluminum alloy member becomes a liquid phase, and burrs may be generated from the aluminum alloy member side.
　圧延工程は、接合された第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２を圧延する工程である。図１０に示すように、圧延工程では、ローラＲ，Ｒを備えた圧延装置を用いて冷間圧延を行う。圧延工程では、接合工程における接合線（塑性化領域Ｗ）を圧延方向に設定して圧延する。 The rolling process is a process of rolling the joined first metal member 1 and second metal member 2. As shown in FIG. 10, in the rolling process, cold rolling is performed using a rolling device equipped with rollers R and R. In the rolling step, the joining line (plasticized region W) in the joining step is set in the rolling direction and rolling is performed.
　以上により、図１１に示す複合圧延材１０が形成される。圧延工程における圧下率は、第一金属部材１及び第二金属部材２の材料や複合圧延材１０の用途に応じて適宜設定すればよい。図９に示すように、接合工程後では第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２との間で板厚の差が生じているが、図１１に示す圧延工程後ではその差が無視できる程度に圧延されている。 By the above, the composite rolled material 10 shown in FIG. 11 is formed. The rolling reduction in the rolling step may be appropriately set according to the materials of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 and the use of the composite rolled material 10. As shown in FIG. 9, there is a difference in plate thickness between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 after the joining process, but the difference is negligible after the rolling process shown in FIG. 11. Has been rolled into.
　以上説明した複合圧延材の製造方法及び接合方法によれば、接合工程において、第一金属部材１側の端面１ａは、表面１ｂ及び裏面１ｃに対して垂直としたため、第一金属部材１を容易に準備することができる。また、第二金属部材２の端面２ａを傾斜面としたが、突合せ工程では、断面Ｖ字状の隙間をあけて突き合わせるため、突き合わせ作業を容易に行うことができる。また、第一金属部材１の板厚を、第二金属部材２の板厚よりも大きくするとともに、接合工程で突合せ部Ｊの隙間に塑性流動材を流入させるため、接合部の金属不足を防ぐことができる。 According to the manufacturing method and the joining method of the composite rolled material described above, since the end surface 1a on the first metal member 1 side is perpendicular to the front surface 1b and the back surface 1c in the joining step, the first metal member 1 is easily formed. Can be prepared. Further, although the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 is an inclined surface, in the butting step, the butting work can be easily performed because the butting is performed with a gap having a V-shaped cross section. Further, the plate thickness of the first metal member 1 is made larger than the plate thickness of the second metal member 2, and the plastic flow material is caused to flow into the gap of the abutting portion J in the joining process, so that the metal shortage at the joining portion is prevented. be able to.
　ここで、図１２に示すように、従来の回転ツール９００であると、ショルダ部で被接合金属部材９１０の表面を押えないため段差凹溝（被接合金属部材の表面と塑性化領域の表面とで構成される凹溝）が大きくなるとともに、接合表面粗さが大きくなるという問題がある。また、段差凹溝の脇に膨出部（接合前に比べて被接合金属部材の表面が膨らむ部位）が形成されるという問題がある。一方、図１３の回転ツール９０１のように、回転ツール９０１のテーパー角度Ｅ２を回転ツール９００のテーパー角度Ｅ１よりも大きくすると、回転ツール９００に比べて被接合金属部材９１０の表面を押えることはできるため、段差凹溝は小さくなり、膨出部も小さくなる。しかし、下向きの塑性流動が強くなるため、塑性化領域の下部にキッシングボンドが形成されやすくなる。 Here, as shown in FIG. 12, the conventional rotary tool 900 does not press the surface of the metal member 910 to be bonded by the shoulder portion, and therefore the stepped groove (the surface of the metal member to be bonded and the surface of the plasticized region is There is a problem in that the joint surface roughness becomes large as well as the concave groove formed by. Further, there is a problem that a bulging portion (a portion where the surface of the metal member to be joined swells as compared with that before joining) is formed beside the stepped groove. On the other hand, if the taper angle E2 of the rotary tool 901 is larger than the taper angle E1 of the rotary tool 900 as in the rotary tool 901 of FIG. Therefore, the stepped groove becomes smaller and the bulge also becomes smaller. However, since the downward plastic flow becomes strong, a kissing bond is likely to be formed below the plasticized region.
　これに対し、本実施形態の回転ツールＦは、基端側ピンＦ２と、基端側ピンＦ２のテーパー角度Ａよりもテーパー角度が小さい先端側ピンＦ３を備えた構成になっている。これにより、第一金属部材１に回転ツールＦを挿入しやすくなる。また、先端側ピンＦ３のテーパー角度Ｂが小さいため、第一金属部材１の深い位置まで回転ツールＦを容易に挿入することができる。また、先端側ピンＦ３のテーパー角度Ｂが小さいため、回転ツール９０１に比べて下向きの塑性流動を抑えることができる。このため、塑性化領域Ｗ１の下部にキッシングボンドが形成されるのを防ぐことができる。一方、基端側ピンＦ２のテーパー角度Ａは大きいため、従来の回転ツールに比べ、被接合金属部材の厚さや接合の高さ位置が変化しても安定して接合することができる。 On the other hand, the rotary tool F of the present embodiment is configured to include the base end side pin F2 and the tip end side pin F3 having a taper angle smaller than the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2. This facilitates insertion of the rotary tool F into the first metal member 1. Moreover, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, the rotary tool F can be easily inserted to a deep position of the first metal member 1. Further, since the taper angle B of the tip side pin F3 is small, downward plastic flow can be suppressed as compared with the rotary tool 901. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the kissing bond from being formed below the plasticized region W1. On the other hand, since the taper angle A of the base end side pin F2 is large, compared to the conventional rotary tool, stable welding can be performed even if the thickness of the metal member to be welded or the welding height position changes.
　また、基端側ピンＦ２の外周面で塑性流動材を押えることができるため、バリの発生を抑制することができ、接合部が金属不足になるのを防ぐことができる。また、基端側ピンＦ２の外周面で塑性流動材を押えることができるため、接合表面に形成される段差凹溝を小さくすることができるとともに、段差凹溝の脇に形成される膨出部を無くすか若しくは小さくすることができる。また、階段状のピン段差部Ｆ２１は浅く、かつ、出口が広いため、塑性流動材を段差底面Ｆ２１ａで押えつつ塑性流動材がピン段差部Ｆ２１の外部に抜けやすくなっている。そのため、基端側ピンＦ２で塑性流動材を押えても基端側ピンＦ２の外周面に塑性流動材が付着し難い。よって、接合表面粗さを小さくすることができるとともに、接合品質を好適に安定させることができる。 Further, since the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, it is possible to suppress the generation of burrs and prevent the joint from running out of metal. In addition, since the plastic fluid material can be pressed by the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin F2, the stepped groove formed on the joint surface can be made small and the bulging portion formed beside the stepped groove. Can be eliminated or reduced. In addition, since the stepped pin step portion F21 is shallow and has a wide outlet, the plastic fluid material is likely to come out of the pin step portion F21 while pressing the plastic fluid material with the step bottom face F21a. Therefore, even if the plastic fluid material is pressed by the proximal pin F2, the plastic fluid material is unlikely to adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the proximal pin F2. Therefore, the joint surface roughness can be reduced and the joint quality can be preferably stabilized.
　塑性化領域Ｗのうち融点が高い第二金属部材２側がフロー側となると、突合せ部Ｊでの第一金属部材１の温度が低下して、異なる金属同士の界面における相互拡散が促進されず、接合不良となるおそれがある。入熱量を大きくするように接合条件を調節すると、シアー側となっている第一金属部材１側からバリが発生する可能性もある。しかし、本実施形態のように、塑性化領域Ｗのうち、融点が高い第二金属部材２側がシアー側となるように接合条件（回転ツールＦの回転方向、進行方向等）を設定することで、突合せ部Ｊでの第一金属部材１の温度を比較的高温に保つことが可能となり、異なる金属同士の界面における相互拡散が促進され、接合不良となるのを防ぐことができる。 When the second metal member 2 side having a high melting point in the plasticized region W becomes the flow side, the temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J decreases, and mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals is not promoted. There is a risk of poor bonding. If the joining conditions are adjusted so as to increase the heat input, burrs may occur from the first metal member 1 side which is the shear side. However, as in the present embodiment, by setting the joining conditions (the rotation direction of the rotary tool F, the traveling direction, etc.) so that the side of the second metal member 2 having the higher melting point in the plasticized region W becomes the shear side. The temperature of the first metal member 1 at the abutting portion J can be maintained at a relatively high temperature, mutual diffusion at the interface between different metals can be promoted, and joint failure can be prevented.
　回転ツールＦの外周面を第二金属部材２にわずかに接触させてもよいが、本実施形態では回転ツールＦと第二金属部材２とを接触させないように設定しているため、材料の異なる金属部材同士が攪拌されるのを防止することができる。 The outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F may be slightly contacted with the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 are set so as not to contact each other, and thus the materials are different. It is possible to prevent the metal members from being stirred.
　また、本実施形態では、先端側ピンＦ３の外周面の傾斜角度α（図１参照）と第二金属部材２の端面２ａの傾斜角度β（図３参照）は同一の角度になっている。傾斜角度α及び傾斜角度βは異なるように設定してもよいが、両者を同一とすることで回転ツールＦと第二金属部材２との距離の設定が容易となる。つまり、回転ツールＦの外周面と第二金属部材２とが接触しない状態で、両者を極力近づける作業が容易となる。 Further, in this embodiment, the inclination angle α (see FIG. 1) of the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin F3 and the inclination angle β (see FIG. 3) of the end surface 2a of the second metal member 2 are the same angle. The inclination angle α and the inclination angle β may be set differently, but by setting the two to be the same, the distance between the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 can be easily set. That is, it is easy to bring the outer peripheral surface of the rotary tool F and the second metal member 2 closer to each other without contacting each other.
［第二実施形態］
　本発明の第二実施形態に係る接合方法（複合圧延材の製造方法）について説明する。本実施形態に係る複合圧延材の製造方法は、準備工程と、突合せ工程と、接合工程と、圧延工程と、を行う。
　準備工程では、図１４に示すように、段差架台ＫＡを用意する。段差架台ＫＡは、底部Ｋ１と、底部Ｋ１よりも一段上がった位置にある底部Ｋ２と、段差側面Ｋ３とを有している。 [Second embodiment]
A joining method (method for manufacturing a composite rolled material) according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The manufacturing method of the composite rolled material according to the present embodiment includes a preparation step, a butting step, a joining step, and a rolling step.
In the preparation step, as shown in FIG. 14, a stepped stand KA is prepared. The step mount KA has a bottom portion K1, a bottom portion K2 located at a position higher than the bottom portion K1, and a step side surface K3.
　突合せ工程では、図１４に示すように、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２との端部同士を突き合わせる。第一金属部材１は、底部Ｋ１に配置するとともに、段差側面Ｋ３に第一金属部材１の端面１ａを当接させる。第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを突き合わせることにより突合せ部Ｊが形成される。突合せ部Ｊ１は第一実施形態と同様に、断面Ｖ字状の隙間が形成される。第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを突き合わせた状態で、第二金属部材２の表面２ｂよりも、第一金属部材１の表面１ｂの方が高い位置となるとともに、第二金属部材２の裏面２ｃよりも、第一金属部材１の裏面１ｃの方が低い位置となる。 In the butting process, as shown in FIG. 14, the ends of the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are butted. The first metal member 1 is arranged on the bottom portion K1, and the end face 1a of the first metal member 1 is brought into contact with the step side face K3. The abutting portion J is formed by abutting the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2. A gap having a V-shaped cross section is formed in the abutting portion J1 as in the first embodiment. In the state where the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 are butted, the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 is located higher than the surface 2b of the second metal member 2, and the second metal member is also located. The back surface 1c of the first metal member 1 is at a lower position than the back surface 2c of No. 2.
　接合工程では、図１５に示すように、回転ツールＦを用いて第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２とを接合する工程である。接合工程では、第一実施形態と同じ要領で摩擦攪拌を行う。つまり、回転ツールＦの基端側ピンＦ２を回転させつつ、第一金属部材１の表面１ｂであり、かつ、突合せ部Ｊの近傍に設定した開始位置に回転ツールＦを挿入する。そして、突合せ部Ｊの延長方向と平行に回転ツールＦを相対移動させる。回転ツールＦは、第二金属部材２とわずかに接触させてもよいが、本実施形態では第一金属部材１のみと接触させた状態で摩擦攪拌を行う。回転ツールＦの移動軌跡には、塑性化領域Ｗが形成される。接合工程では、主に第一金属部材１側の塑性流動材が突合せ部Ｊの隙間に流入するように摩擦攪拌接合を行う。 The joining step is a step of joining the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 using the rotary tool F as shown in FIG. In the joining step, friction stirring is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment. That is, while rotating the proximal pin F2 of the rotary tool F, the rotary tool F is inserted at the start position set on the surface 1b of the first metal member 1 and near the abutting portion J. Then, the rotary tool F is relatively moved in parallel with the extension direction of the abutting portion J. The rotating tool F may slightly contact the second metal member 2, but in the present embodiment, the friction stir is performed in a state of contacting only the first metal member 1. A plasticized region W is formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool F. In the joining step, friction stir welding is mainly performed so that the plastic fluid material on the first metal member 1 side flows into the gap of the abutting portion J.
　本実施形態に係る接合工程では、回転ツールＦの基端側ピンＦ２の先端（平坦面Ｆ４）が、第二金属部材２の裏面２ｃよりも下方に位置するように基端側ピンＦ２の挿入深さを設定する。圧延工程については、第一実施形態と同様である。 In the joining step according to the present embodiment, the base end side pin F2 is inserted so that the tip end (flat surface F4) of the base end side pin F2 of the rotary tool F is located below the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2. Set the depth. The rolling process is the same as in the first embodiment.
　以上説明した第二実施形態においても、第一実施形態と略同等の効果を得ることができる。第一実施形態においては、図８に示すように、第二金属部材２の高さ方向の全体に亘って接合することは困難である。しかし、第二実施形態においては、図１５に示すように、第二金属部材２の裏面２ｃよりも深い位置に基端側ピンＦ２を挿入した状態で摩擦攪拌接合を行うため、第二金属部材２の板厚方向の全体に亘って接合することが可能となる（図１６参照）。これにより、第一金属部材１と第二金属部材２の接合強度を高めることができる。 Also in the second embodiment described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same effects as in the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, it is difficult to join the entire second metal member 2 in the height direction. However, in the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the friction stir welding is performed with the proximal end side pin F2 inserted at a position deeper than the back surface 2c of the second metal member 2, so that the second metal member is used. It becomes possible to join the entire No. 2 in the plate thickness direction (see FIG. 16). Thereby, the bonding strength between the first metal member 1 and the second metal member 2 can be increased.
　１　　　第一金属部材
　１ａ　　端面
　１ｂ　　表面
　１ｃ　　裏面
　２　　　第二金属部材
　２ａ　　端面
　２ｂ　　表面
　２ｃ　　裏面
　Ｊ　　　突合せ部
　Ｆ　　　回転ツール
　Ｆ２　　基端側ピン
　Ｆ３　　先端側ピン
　Ｆ２１　ピン段差部
　Ａ　　　テーパー角度
　Ｂ　　　テーパー角度 1 1st metal member 1a End face 1b Front face 1c Back face 2 Second metal member 2a End face 2b Front face 2c Back face J Butt portion F Rotating tool F2 Base end side pin F3 Tip side pin F21 Pin stepped portion A Tapered angle B Tapered angle

Claims (7)

  1. 　基端側ピンと、先端側ピンとを備えた回転ツールを用いて材料の異なる一対の金属部材を接合する接合方法であって、
    　前記基端側ピンのテーパー角度は、前記先端側ピンのテーパー角度よりも大きくなっており、前記基端側ピンの外周面には階段状のピン段差部が形成されており、
    　端部に垂直面を備えた第一金属部材と、端部に傾斜面を備え前記第一金属部材よりも融点が高く板厚が小さい第二金属部材と、を準備する準備工程と、
    　前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材との端部同士を突き合わせてＶ字状の隙間を備えた突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
    　回転する前記先端側ピンを前記第一金属部材の表面のみから挿入するとともに、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材に接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を少なくとも前記第一金属部材に接触させた状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合する接合工程と、を含むことを特徴とする接合方法。     A joining method for joining a pair of metal members made of different materials using a rotary tool having a proximal pin and a distal pin,
    The taper angle of the base end side pin is larger than the taper angle of the tip end side pin, and a stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin,
    A first metal member having a vertical surface at the end, and a second metal member having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member having an inclined surface at the end, and a preparatory step of preparing,
    A butting step of butting the ends of the first metal member and the second metal member together to form a butting part having a V-shaped gap;
    While inserting the rotating front end side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, while contacting the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin with the first metal member, at least the outer peripheral surface of the front end side pin is The first metal member and the second metal member are joined by relatively moving the rotary tool along the abutting portion while allowing the first metal member to flow into the gap while being in contact with the one metal member. And a joining step of:
  2. 　前記突合せ工程では、前記第一金属部材及び前記第二金属部材の裏面同士を面一とした状態で前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを突き合わせることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の接合方法。 In the abutting step, the first metal member and the second metal member are abutted with the back surfaces of the first metal member and the second metal member flush with each other. The joining method described.
  3. 　前記突合せ工程では、前記第一金属部材の裏面が前記第二金属部材の裏面よりも低い位置となり、前記第一金属部材の表面が前記第二金属部材の表面よりも高い位置となるように前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを付き合わせ、
    　前記接合工程では、攪拌ピンの先端が前記第二金属部材の裏面の高さよりも下に位置するように前記先端側ピンの挿入深さを設定することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の接合方法。     In the abutting step, the back surface of the first metal member is positioned lower than the back surface of the second metal member, and the surface of the first metal member is positioned higher than the surface of the second metal member. Abutting the first metal member and the second metal member,
    In the joining step, the insertion depth of the tip side pin is set so that the tip of the stirring pin is located below the height of the back surface of the second metal member. Method.
  4. 　前記接合工程では、前記回転ツールの移動軌跡に形成される塑性化領域のうち、前記第二金属部材側がシアー側となり、前記第一金属部材側がフロー側となるように前記回転ツールの回転方向及び進行方向を設定することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれかの一項に記載の接合方法。 In the joining step, of the plasticized regions formed on the movement trajectory of the rotary tool, the second metal member side is the shear side, and the first metal member side is the flow direction so that the first metal member side is the flow side. The joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a traveling direction is set.
  5. 　前記準備工程では、前記第一金属部材をアルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金で形成し、前記第二金属部材を銅又は銅合金で形成し、
    　前記接合工程では、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材のみに接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を前記第二金属部材に接触させない状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールを相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の接合方法。     In the preparing step, the first metal member is formed of aluminum or aluminum alloy, the second metal member is formed of copper or copper alloy,
    In the joining step, the outer peripheral surface of the proximal end side pin is brought into contact with only the first metal member while the outer peripheral surface of the distal end side pin is not brought into contact with the second metal member, and the first gap is provided in the first gap. The joining method according to claim 1, wherein the rotating tool is relatively moved along the abutting portion while the metal member is being flown in to join the first metal member and the second metal member.
  6. 　前記接合工程では、
    　前記回転ツールの先端側ピンの外周面に基端から先端に向かうにつれて左回りの螺旋溝を刻設した場合、前記回転ツールを右回転させ、
    　前記回転ツールの先端側ピンの外周面に基端から先端に向かうにつれて右回りの螺旋溝を刻設した場合、前記回転ツールを左回転させることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の接合方法。     In the joining step,
    When the counterclockwise spiral groove is engraved from the base end toward the tip on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin of the rotating tool, the rotating tool is rotated right,
    The joining method according to claim 1, wherein when the clockwise spiral groove is engraved from the base end toward the tip on the outer peripheral surface of the tip side pin of the rotary tool, the rotary tool is rotated counterclockwise.
  7. 　基端側ピンと、先端側ピンとを備えた回転ツールを用いて材料の異なる一対の金属材料で形成された複合圧延材の製造方法であって、
    　前記基端側ピンのテーパー角度は、前記先端側ピンのテーパー角度よりも大きくなっており、前記基端側ピンの外周面には階段状のピン段差部が形成されており、
    　端部に垂直面を備えた第一金属部材と、端部に傾斜面を備え前記第一金属部材よりも融点が高く板厚が小さい第二金属部材と、を準備する準備工程と、
    　前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材との端部同士を突き合わせてＶ字状の隙間を備えた突合せ部を形成する突合せ工程と、
    　回転する前記先端側ピンを前記第一金属部材の表面のみから挿入するとともに、前記基端側ピンの外周面を前記第一金属部材に接触させつつ、前記先端側ピンの外周面を少なくとも前記第一金属部材に接触させた状態で、前記隙間に前記第一金属部材を流入させながら前記突合せ部に沿って前記回転ツールで相対移動させて前記第一金属部材と前記第二金属部材とを接合する接合工程と、
    　前記接合工程で接合された前記金属部材同士を、その接合線を圧延方向として圧延する圧延工程と、を含むことを特徴とする複合圧延材の製造方法。     A method for manufacturing a composite rolled material formed of a pair of metal materials of different materials using a rotary tool including a base end side pin and a front end side pin,
    The taper angle of the base end side pin is larger than the taper angle of the tip end side pin, and a stepped pin step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin,
    A first metal member having a vertical surface at the end, and a second metal member having a higher melting point and a smaller plate thickness than the first metal member having an inclined surface at the end, and a preparatory step of preparing,
    A butting step of butting the ends of the first metal member and the second metal member together to form a butting part having a V-shaped gap;
    While inserting the rotating front end side pin only from the surface of the first metal member, while contacting the outer peripheral surface of the base end side pin with the first metal member, at least the outer peripheral surface of the front end side pin is In a state of being in contact with one metal member, the first metal member and the second metal member are joined by relatively moving the first metal member along the abutting portion with the rotating tool while flowing the first metal member into the gap. And the joining process,
    And a rolling step of rolling the metal members joined in the joining step with the joining line as a rolling direction.
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