WO2020168649A2 - 柑橘黄龙病的防治方法 - Google Patents

柑橘黄龙病的防治方法 Download PDF

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WO2020168649A2
WO2020168649A2 PCT/CN2019/089001 CN2019089001W WO2020168649A2 WO 2020168649 A2 WO2020168649 A2 WO 2020168649A2 CN 2019089001 W CN2019089001 W CN 2019089001W WO 2020168649 A2 WO2020168649 A2 WO 2020168649A2
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preparation
bacteria
flora
plant
mass ratio
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French (fr)
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严建彬
梁梓标
郑新添
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易之泰生物科技（龙岩）有限公司
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/14—Celastraceae [Staff-tree or Bittersweet family], e.g. spindle tree, bittersweet or thunder god vine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/36—Rutaceae [Rue family], e.g. lime, orange, lemon, corktree or pricklyash
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
    • A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
    • A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
    • A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/14—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing organic compounds only
    • C09K17/18—Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for preventing and curing citrus yellow dragon disease.
  • Citrus yellow dragon disease is a devastating disease in citrus planting industry, also known as green fruit disease, yellow wilt disease and yellow shoot disease. Mainly through citrus-carrying seedlings, scion or citrus psyllids to form a source of pathogens, and then spread to a large area during the period of citrus branches, and then cause major disasters to citrus production. It has become the main factor restricting the sustainable and healthy development of my country's citrus industry . Citrus Huanglongbing is a devastating citrus disease caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Phlebbacterium. Traditional methods of preventing and controlling citrus yellow dragon disease mainly use chemical pesticides to kill the vector, resulting in soil pollution and reduced fertility.
  • the present invention provides a method for preventing and curing citrus yellow dragon disease, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.
  • the present invention is realized as follows:
  • a method for preventing and curing citrus yellow dragon disease includes the following steps:
  • microbial compound preparations the actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and growth bacteria according to the mass ratio of 13.8 ⁇ 14.3: 8.3 ⁇ 8.8 :15.8 ⁇ 16.3:7 ⁇ 7.5:17.7 ⁇ 18.2:15.8 ⁇ 16.3:7.5 ⁇ 8.0:12 ⁇ 13 mix uniformly to form a microbial compound preparation;
  • Preparation of plant preparation mix the microbial compound preparation, culture medium, sugar, high protein and water according to the mass ratio of 3 ⁇ 4:5 ⁇ 6:10 ⁇ 11:5.5 ⁇ 6.5:70 ⁇ 80 and then put them into agitated tank for fermentation 3-10 days, in which the fermentation temperature is controlled to 0-40 degrees Celsius during the fermentation process to obtain the plant preparation;
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the citrus yellow dragon disease prevention method provided by the present invention can reduce the incidence of yellow dragon disease from about 10.0% to less than 1%.
  • the citrus output has increased from the current average of 1500kg/mu to 1826kg/mu, increasing the output by more than 20%.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a microbial composite preparation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation method of a biological plant protection agent provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for preparing biological agents provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for preventing and treating citrus Huanglongbing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for preparing animal nutrition liquid provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are most suitable for growth in a growth environment with a pH of about 8.5 and a temperature of 20-22°C, and produce growth materials such as organic nitrogen and amino acids.
  • Phosphate solubilizing bacteria are most suitable for breeding under alkaline conditions with a pH of about 9.0 and a growth environment at a temperature of 22-24°C. They can dissolve ineffective phosphorus and convert it into phosphorus that can be used by plants and secrete polysaccharide substances It can increase the excellent physical properties of the soil.
  • the nitrate bacteria group is suitable for growth in a slightly acidic environment with a pH of about 6.5, and the reproduction temperature is about 30°C, and it can convert toxic ammonia gas into nitrate nitrogen for plants to absorb.
  • the photosynthetic flora is suitable for growth in a slightly acidic environment with a pH of 6.0, and the reproduction temperature is about 25 °C, and it can produce many active organic substances, such as vitamin B family, folic acid, antiviral substances and growth promoting factors.
  • Virus active substance The lactic acid bacteria group is suitable for the acidity of about pH 4.0, and the growth temperature is about 35°C. It secretes lactic acid bacteria and antibacterial molecules and has a strong bactericidal effect.
  • Yeast flora is suitable for acidity around pH 5.0, and its growth temperature is about 37°C. It can secrete rich B vitamins, glucose and other substances that promote cell division.
  • Actinomycetes are suitable for a neutral environment with a pH of about 7.0 and a growth temperature of about 30°C. They can decompose and decompose organic matter and convert them into nutrients that are beneficial to biological growth, and secrete antibiotics and other active bacteriostatic substances.
  • the growth flora is suitable for a neutral environment, and the growth temperature is about 26°C, which can secrete hormones that are beneficial to the growth of animals and plants.
  • the present invention compounded a microbial composite preparation that can be used for soil modification.
  • the microbial composite preparation has the characteristics of simple preparation method and the like, and the 8 major bacterial groups can coordinate and restrict each other so as to significantly improve the soil quality. So it can be used for crops or plant fertilizers and biological pesticides.
  • the animal nutrient solution prepared by the microbial compound preparation can also improve the immunity of the animal, improve the digestion and absorption function, and promote the healthy growth of the animal, as follows.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a microbial composite preparation, which includes the following steps:
  • step S1 preferably, the actinomycete flora, the nitrogen-fixing flora, the photosynthetic flora, the nitrate flora, the lactic acid flora, the yeast flora, and the The mass ratio of the phosphorous solubilizing bacteria group and the growing bacteria group is: 14:8.5:16:7.3:18:16:7.7:12.5.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a microbial composite preparation prepared by the above method.
  • Example 1-1 The actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and growing bacteria are in a mass ratio of 14:8.5:16:7.3: 18:16:7.7:12.5 mix evenly to form a microbial compound preparation. Take water spinach as the test vegetable, carry out soil cultivation, and apply the microbial compound preparation. The average cultivation temperature is 25 ⁇ 2°C. The plant growth of each treatment group is measured 30 days after the emergence of water spinach seedlings. Three parallel experiments are tested and the average is taken value.
  • Example 1-2 The actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, nitrate bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and growth bacteria are in accordance with the mass ratio of 13.8:8.3:15.8:7: 17.7:15.8:7.5:12 is evenly mixed to form a microbial compound preparation. Take water spinach as the test vegetable, carry out soil cultivation, and apply the microbial compound preparation. The average cultivation temperature is 25 ⁇ 2°C. The plant growth of each treatment group is measured 30 days after the emergence of water spinach seedlings. Three parallel experiments are tested and the average is taken value.
  • Example 1-3 The actinomycete flora, nitrogen-fixing flora, photosynthetic flora, nitrate flora, lactic acid flora, yeast flora, phosphate solubilizing flora and growth flora are based on the mass ratio 14.3:8.8:16.3:7.5: 18.2: 16.3: 8.0: 13 is evenly mixed to form a microbial compound preparation. Take water spinach as the test vegetable, carry out soil cultivation, and apply the microbial compound preparation. The average cultivation temperature is 25 ⁇ 2°C. The plant growth of each treatment group is measured 30 days after the emergence of water spinach seedlings. Three parallel experiments are tested and the average is taken value.
  • Comparative Example 1-1 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of actinomycetes is 13.5.
  • Comparative example 1-2 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of actinomycetes is 14.5.
  • Comparative Example 1-3 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 8.0.
  • Comparative Example 1-4 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of nitrogen-fixing bacteria is 9.0.
  • Comparative Example 1-5 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of photosynthetic flora is 15.5.
  • Comparative Example 1-6 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of photosynthetic bacteria is 16.5.
  • Comparative example 1-7 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of nitrate bacteria is 6.5.
  • Comparative example 1-8 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of nitrate bacteria is 8.0.
  • Comparative example 1-9 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of the lactic acid bacteria group is 17.0.
  • Comparative example 1-10 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of lactic acid bacteria group is 18.5.
  • Comparative example 1-11 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of yeast flora is 15.5.
  • Comparative example 1-12 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of yeast flora is 16.5.
  • Comparative example 1-13 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of phosphate solubilizing bacteria is 7.0.
  • Comparative example 1-14 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of phosphate solubilizing bacteria is 8.5.
  • Comparative example 1-15 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of the growing flora is 11.5.
  • Comparative example 1-16 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the ratio of the growing flora is 13.5.
  • Comparative example 1-17 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the microbial complex preparation is not applied.
  • Comparative example 1-18 This comparative example is basically the same as Example 1-1, except that the commercially available peat vermiculite substrate is applied.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method for preparing a biological plant protection agent through the above-mentioned microbial composite preparation, which includes the following steps:
  • step S2 preferably, the diatomaceous earth, natural plant material extract and the microbial composite preparation are mixed in a mass ratio of 86:8:6.
  • the material of the natural plant material extract is selected from the extracts of mixtures of herbicide, pepper, chive, cork, tripterygium and the like.
  • the method for preparing the natural plant material extract includes the following steps:
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method for preparing a plant preparation through the above-mentioned microbial composite preparation, including the following steps:
  • step S3 preferably, the microbial compound preparation, culture medium, sugar, high protein and water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3.4:5.4:10.2:5.8:74 and then put into a stirred tank for 5 days of fermentation, wherein during the fermentation process Control the fermentation temperature to 25 degrees Celsius.
  • the medium can be beef extract, peptone, agar, honey and mixtures thereof.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a plant preparation obtained by the above method.
  • the plant preparation can effectively decompose pesticide residues and increase the cation exchange capacity in the soil at the same time.
  • the plant preparation can effectively degrade pesticide residues such as organophosphorus and cypermethrin.
  • the test was carried out in soil with plant preparations.
  • One week after adding the plant preparations the organic phosphorus in the soil can be reduced by about 30%, and the cypermethrin can be reduced by about 40%.
  • the soil The organic phosphorus can be reduced by about 60%, and the cypermethrin can be reduced by about 75%.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for controlling citrus yellow dragon disease through the above plant preparation and the above biological plant protection agent, which includes the following steps:
  • step S4 preferably, the citrus is sprayed and irrigated after the biological plant protection agent is diluted every 72 hours, and the roots and trees are rinsed after the plant preparation is diluted at the same time, and high-efficiency organic fertilizer is applied at the same time And liquid fertilizer, operate 3 times continuously.
  • step S5 preferably, the citrus is sprayed and irrigated after the biological plant protection agent is diluted after an interval of 15 days, and the roots are irrigated and the tree is washed after the plant preparation is diluted at the same time.
  • the incidence of Huanglongbing can be reduced from about 10.0% to less than 0.5%.
  • the citrus output has increased from the current average of 1500kg/mu to 1826kg/mu, increasing the output by more than 20%.
  • the onset of Huanglongbing can be basically solved.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a preparation method for preparing animal nutrient solution through the above-mentioned microbial composite preparation, including the following steps:
  • S7 Mix the microbial compound preparation, culture medium, sugar, high protein and water according to the mass ratio of 3 ⁇ 4:5 ⁇ 6:10 ⁇ 11:21 ⁇ 25:110 ⁇ 120, then put them into agitated tank and ferment for 3 ⁇ 10 days , Among them, the fermentation temperature is controlled to 0-40 degrees Celsius during the fermentation process to obtain animal nutrient solution.
  • step S7 preferably, the microbial compound preparation, culture medium, sugar, high protein and water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3.5:5:10:24:115 and then put into a stirred tank for 5 days of fermentation. Control the fermentation temperature to 25 degrees Celsius to obtain animal nutrient solution.
  • the animal nutrient solution obtained by the embodiment of the present invention has a special sour fragrance, has good palatability to livestock and poultry animals such as pigs, broilers, cattle and sheep, has strong growth-promoting ability, has a smaller feed molecular structure and is easy to absorb.
  • livestock and poultry animals such as pigs, broilers, cattle and sheep
  • has strong growth-promoting ability has a smaller feed molecular structure and is easy to absorb.
  • Improve the safety of meat products such as live pigs and broilers.
  • it regulates the balance of intestinal flora kills harmful bacteria in animals, enhances the disease resistance of livestock and poultry immune systems, and effectively prevents the occurrence of various animal epidemic diseases.

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Description

柑橘黄龙病的防治方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种柑橘黄龙病的防治方法。
背景技术
柑橘黄龙病是柑橘种植业中的一种毁灭性病害，又称青果病、枯黄病、黄梢病。主要通过柑橘带菌种苗、带菌接穗或带菌柑橘木虱形成病原菌源，然后在柑橘枝条抽发时期进行大面积传播，继而对柑橘生产造成重大灾害.已成为制约我国柑橘产业持续健康发展的主要因子。柑橘黄龙病是由韧皮部杆菌属类细菌引起的一种毁灭性柑橘病害。传统的柑橘黄龙病防治方法主要采用化学杀虫剂杀灭传播媒介，造成了土壤污染和肥力下降。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种柑橘黄龙病的防治方法，可以有效解决上述问题。
本发明是这样实现的：
一种柑橘黄龙病的防治方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，制备微生物复合制剂：将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂；
S2，制备植物制剂：将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水 按照质量比3～4：5～6：10～11：5.5～6.5：70～80混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵3～10天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度0～40摄氏度，得到植物制剂；
S3，制备生物植保剂：将硅藻土、天然植物材提取液以及微生物复合制剂按照质量比85～88：7.5～8.5：5.5～6.5的比例混合搅拌；
S4，每隔48～96小时将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树，并同时施加高效有机肥和液肥，连续操作2～4次；
S5，然后间隔10～20天后将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树；
S6，最后每隔一个月用所述生物植保剂稀释后全面喷洒、并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明提供的柑橘黄龙病的防治方法其对黄龙病发病率可以由原来的10.0％左右降到1％以下。另外，柑橘产量由目前平均1500kg/亩，提高至1826kg/亩，提高产量20％以上。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的微生物复合制剂的制备方法流程图。
图2是本发明实施例提供的生物植保剂的制备方法流程图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的生物制剂的制备方法流程图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的防治柑橘黄龙病的方法流程图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的动物营养液的制备方法流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施方式的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施方式中的附图，对本发明实施方式中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施方式是本发明一部分实施方式，而不是全部的实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施方式的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施方式。基于本发明中的实施方式，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施方式，都属于本发明保护的范围。
固氮菌群最适合在PH为8.5左右的碱性条件，且温度为20～22℃的生长环境下繁殖，并产生有机氮、胺基酸等物质的生长物质。溶磷菌群最适合在PH为9.0左右的碱性条件，且温度为22～24℃的生长环境下繁殖，可溶解无效性磷使其转变成植物能利用的磷素，分泌出的多糖物质可增加土壤之优良物理特性。硝酸菌群其适合于PH6.5左右的微酸性环境下生长，且繁殖温度约在30℃，并可将有毒氨气为硝酸态氮供植物吸收。光合菌群其适合于PH6.0左右的微酸性环境下生长，且繁殖温度约在25℃，并可产生许多的活性有机物质，如维生素B族、叶酸、抗病毒物质和生长促进因子等抗病毒活性物质。乳酸菌群其适合于PH4.0左右的酸性，且生长温度约在35℃，其会分泌乳酸刹菌因子及抑菌分子具有很强的杀菌作用。酵母 菌群其适合于PH5.0左右的酸性，且生长温度约在37℃，其可分泌出促进细胞分裂的丰富的B族维生素、葡萄糖等物质。放线菌群其适合于PH7.0左右的中性环境，且生长温度约在30℃，其可分解腐烂有机物并转化为有利于生物生长的营养物质，并分泌抗生素等活性抑菌物质。生长菌群其适合于中性环境，且生长温度约在26℃，其可分泌有利于动、植物生长的荷尔蒙。
由于上述这8大菌群的生长环境各不相同，如果配比不当，各种菌群之间会产生相互抑制，使其难以发挥各种菌群的协同作用。
本发明通过大量的实验，复配出可用于土壤改质的微生物复合制剂，该微生物复合制剂具有制备方法简单等特点，且8大菌群之间可以相互协调、相互制约从而可以显著改善土质，从而可以用于农作物或植物肥料及生物农药。且通过微生物复合制剂制备得到的动物营养液，还可以提高动物的免疫性、改善消化吸收功能、促进动物的健康生长，具体如下。
参照图1所示，本发明实施例提供一种微生物复合制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂。
作为进一步改进的，在步骤S1中，优选的，所述放线菌群、所述固氮菌群、所述光合菌群、所述硝酸菌群、所述乳酸菌群、所述酵母菌群、所述溶磷菌群以及所述生长菌群的质量比为：14:8.5:16:7.3:18:16:7.7:12.5。
本发明实施例还提供一种通过上述方法制备得到的微生物复合制剂。
实施例1-1：将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比14:8.5:16:7.3:18:16:7.7:12.5混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂。以空心菜为试验蔬菜，进行土壤栽培，并施用该微生物复合制剂，平均培养温度为25±2℃，在空心菜苗出苗后30天时测定各处理组的植株生长情况，试验3组平行试验，取平均值。
实施例1-2：将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8：8.3：15.8：7：17.7：15.8：7.5：12混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂。以空心菜为试验蔬菜，进行土壤栽培，并施用该微生物复合制剂，平均培养温度为25±2℃，在空心菜苗出苗后30天时测定各处理组的植株生长情况，试验3组平行试验，取平均值。
实施例1-3：将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比14.3：8.8：16.3：7.5：18.2：16.3：8.0：13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂。以空心菜为试验蔬菜，进行土壤栽培，并施用该微生物复合制剂，平均培养温度为25±2℃，在空心菜苗出苗后30天时测定各处理组的植株生长情况，试验3组平行试验，取平均值。
对比例1-1：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于放线菌群的比例为13.5。
对比例1-2：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于放线菌群的比例为14.5。
对比例1-3：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于固氮菌群的比例为8.0。
对比例1-4：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于固氮菌群的比例为9.0。
对比例1-5：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于光合菌群的比例为15.5。
对比例1-6：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于光合菌群的比例为16.5。
对比例1-7：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于硝酸菌群的比例为6.5。
对比例1-8：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于硝酸菌群的比例为8.0。
对比例1-9：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于乳酸菌群的比例为17.0。
对比例1-10：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于乳酸菌群的比例为18.5。
对比例1-11：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于酵母菌群的比例为15.5。
对比例1-12：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于酵母菌群的比例为16.5。
对比例1-13：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于溶磷菌 群的比例为7.0。
对比例1-14：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于溶磷菌群的比例为8.5。
对比例1-15：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于生长菌群的比例为11.5。
对比例1-16：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于生长菌群的比例为13.5。
对比例1-17：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于未施用微生物复合制剂。
对比例1-18：本对比例与实施例1-1基本相同，不同之处在于施用市售的草炭蛭石基质。
表1微生物复合制剂对空心菜生长的影响
Figure PCTCN2019089001-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019089001-appb-000002
从表1中可以看出，使用微生物复合制剂栽培的空心菜在鲜重以及叶绿素含量均高于对照组，说明微生物复合制剂为空心菜提供了足够的营养，也进一步表明在微生物复合制剂的作用下，营养物质持续释放，提高了基质的肥料，进而促进了空心菜的生长。
参照图2所示，本发明实施例进一步提供一种通过上述微生物复合制剂制备生物植保剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂；
S2，将硅藻土、天然植物材提取液以及微生物复合制剂按照质量比85～88：7.5～8.5：5.5～6.5的比例混合搅拌。
在步骤S2中，优选的，将硅藻土、天然植物材提取液以及所述微生物复合制剂按质量比86：8：6的比例混合。另外，所述天然植物材提取液的材料选自除草菊、辣椒、韭菜、黄柏以及雷公藤等混合物的提取液。具体的，所述天然植物材提取液的制备方法包括以下步骤：
S21，将除草菊、辣椒、韭菜、黄柏以及雷公藤按照重量比1:0.1:0.2:0.2:0.1加入水中煮沸10～20分钟，过滤后待用。
通过矿物质的微小晶体，可割伤木虱、蚜虫、各类害虫毛孔和皮肤，以利于有益菌群侵入吸收水分和蛋白质等营养物质。天然植物提取液所散发的特有气味，可以起到防虫的作用。强化植物材料和微生物群对害虫的驱灭作用。
试验证明，所述生物植保剂对白菜和玉米进行稀释喷洒，从而可以将白菜和玉米中蚜虫的发病率可以由原来的30.0％以及20％左右分别降到5％以及4％以下。
参照图3所示，本发明实施例进一步提供一种通过上述微生物复合制剂制备植物制剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂；
S3，将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3～4：5～6：10～11：5.5～6.5：70～80混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵3～10天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度0～40摄氏度，得到植物制剂。
在步骤S3中，优选的，将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3.4：5.4：10.2：5.8：74混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵5天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度25摄氏度。
所述培养基可以为牛肉膏、蛋白胨、琼脂、蜜糖及其混合物。
本发明实施例还提供一种通过上述方法获得的植物制剂。
所述植物制剂可有效分解农药残留并同时加大土壤里的阳离子交换量。实验证明，所述植物制剂对有机磷类以及氯氰菊脂类等农药残留都可以进行有效的降解。在添加有植物制剂的土壤中进行测试，在加入植物制剂一周后，土壤中的有机磷类可降低30％左右，氯氰菊脂类可降低40％左右；另外，在加入植物制剂一个月后，土壤中的有机磷类可降低60％左右，氯氰菊脂类可降低75％左右。
参照图4所示，本发明实施例进一步提供一种通过上述植物制剂及上述生物植保剂防治柑橘黄龙病的方法，包括以下步骤：
S4，每隔48～96小时将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树，并同时施加高效有机肥和液肥，连续操作2～4次；
S5，然后间隔10～20天后将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树；
S6，最后每隔一个月用所述生物植保剂稀释后全面喷洒、并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根。
在步骤S4中，优选的，每隔72小时将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树，并同 时施加高效有机肥和液肥，连续操作3次。
在步骤S5中，优选的，间隔15天后将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树。
通过上述方法对试验区柑橘进行试验，其黄龙病发病率可以由原来的10.0％左右降到0.5％以下。另外，柑橘产量由目前平均1500kg/亩，提高至1826kg/亩，提高产量20％以上。除了感染黄龙病时间久，根系基本死亡之外的柑橘，可以基本解决黄龙病的发作。
参照图5所示，本发明实施例进一步提供一种通过上述微生物复合制剂制备动物营养液的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂；
S7，将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3～4：5～6：10～11：21～25：110～120混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵3～10天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度0～40摄氏度，得到动物营养液。
在步骤S7中，优选的，将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3.5：5：10：24：115混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵5天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度25摄氏度，得到动物营养液。
本发明实施例获得的动物营养液具有特殊的酸香味，对生猪、肉鸡、牛羊等畜禽动物具有较好的适口性，促生长能力强，饲料分子结构变小，易吸收。畜禽动物饲喂本产品后，其肠道功能得到了较大的改善，提高了 免疫效力，提高饲料的转化率，具有较好的生态、社会效益。提高生猪、肉鸡等肉质品安全。另外，调节肠道菌群平衡，灭杀动物体内的有害病菌，增强畜禽免疫系统抗病性，有效预防各类动物流行病害的发生。实验证明，添加该动物营养液的饲料，3个月猪的体重平均增加8％左右，且发病率降低10％。以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施方式而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种柑橘黄龙病的防治方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1，制备微生物复合制剂：将放线菌群、固氮菌群、光合菌群、硝酸菌群、乳酸菌群、酵母菌群、溶磷菌群以及生长菌群按照质量比13.8～14.3：8.3～8.8：15.8～16.3：7～7.5：17.7～18.2：15.8～16.3：7.5～8.0：12～13混合均匀形成微生物复合制剂；
    S2，制备植物制剂：将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3～4：5～6：10～11：5.5～6.5：70～80混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵3～10天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度0～40摄氏度，得到植物制剂；
    S3，制备生物植保剂：将硅藻土、天然植物材提取液以及微生物复合制剂按照质量比85～88：7.5～8.5：5.5～6.5的比例混合搅拌；
    S4，每隔48～96小时将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树，并同时施加高效有机肥和液肥，连续操作2～4次；
    S5，然后间隔10～20天后将所述生物植保剂稀释后对柑橘进行喷洒及灌根，并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根及洗树；
    S6，最后每隔一个月用所述生物植保剂稀释后全面喷洒、并且同时将所述植物制剂稀释后进行灌根。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防治方法，其特征在于，在步骤S1中，所述放线菌群、所述固氮菌群、所述光合菌群、所述硝酸菌群、所述乳酸菌群、所述酵母菌群、所述溶磷菌群以及所述生长菌群的质量比为： 14:8.5:16:7.3:18:16:7.7:12.5。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的防治方法，其特征在于，在步骤S2中，所述培养基的材料包括牛肉膏、蛋白胨、琼脂、蜜糖及其混合物。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的防治方法，其特征在于，在步骤S2中，将微生物复合制剂、培养基、糖、高蛋白以及水按照质量比3.4：5.4：10.2：5.8：74混合后装入搅拌罐装发酵5天，其中，发酵过程中控制发酵温度25摄氏度。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防治方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，将硅藻土、天然植物材提取液以及所述微生物复合制剂按质量比86：8：6的比例混合。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的防治方法，其特征在于，在步骤S3中，所述天然植物材提取液的材料选自除草菊、辣椒、韭菜、黄柏以及雷公藤混合物的提取液。
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