WO2020165894A1 - Système et procédé de détection d'événement de composés volatils associés à la surface - Google Patents

Système et procédé de détection d'événement de composés volatils associés à la surface Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020165894A1
WO2020165894A1 PCT/IL2020/050155 IL2020050155W WO2020165894A1 WO 2020165894 A1 WO2020165894 A1 WO 2020165894A1 IL 2020050155 W IL2020050155 W IL 2020050155W WO 2020165894 A1 WO2020165894 A1 WO 2020165894A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
event
emitting layer
type
response
vcs
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Application number
PCT/IL2020/050155
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English (en)
Inventor
Yair PASCA
Oren Gavriely
Eran Rom
Original Assignee
Nanoscent Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Nanoscent Ltd. filed Critical Nanoscent Ltd.
Publication of WO2020165894A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020165894A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • G01M5/0033—Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings by determining damage, crack or wear
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
    • G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
    • G01N33/0047—Organic compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to the field of detection of a surface event. More specifically, the present invention relates to the field of detection of surface event based on the release of volatile compounds resulted from the surface event.
  • Detection of surface defects and processes occurring on the surface of an object is done today using image analysis, visible inspection, electric resistance measurement or ultrasonic detection.
  • Some aspects of the invention may be related to a method of detecting a surface event, comprising: applying on the surface of an object at least one Volatile Compound (VC) emitting layer, configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to the surface event; and detecting the surface event, using one or more scent recorders configured to generate one or more signals in response to a VC emission from the VC emitting layer.
  • VC Volatile Compound
  • the surface event includes any event that changes at least one of feature of the surface of the object: a chemical composition of the surface, chemical compounds on the surface, biological compounds on the surface and a physical property of the surface.
  • the surface event is one of: a corrosion on the surface, pilling of a coating layer, one or more scratches, cracks, dimension change, presence of oil on the surface, generation of biofilm on the surface, presence of insects or pests on the surface, presence of organic materials, generation of mold on the surface, presence of liquid(s) on the surface and generation of heat on the surface.
  • a type of the VC emitting layer is selected to emit VC in response to a specific type of the surface event.
  • the method may further include: applying on the surface a first type of VC emitting layer, configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to a first type of surface event; and applying on the surface a second type of VC emitting layer, configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to a second type of surface event.
  • each of one or more scent recorders comprises: one or more VC detecting sensors and a communication unit for communication with a controller.
  • the method may further include determining, by the controller, a type of the surface event.
  • the method may further include determining, by the controller, a location of the surface event.
  • the method may further include determining, by the controller, an extant of the surface event.
  • FIG. 1A a block diagram of a system for detecting surface related VC event according to some embodiments of the invention
  • Fig. IB is a block diagram of a scent recorder according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of detecting surface related VC event according to some embodiments of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is an illustration of a surface related VC event according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an illustration of a surface related VC event according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • Figs 5A and 5B are illustrations of surface related VC events according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • the terms “plurality” and“a plurality” as used herein may include, for example,“multiple” or“two or more”.
  • the terms“plurality” or“a plurality” may be used throughout the specification to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units, parameters, or the like.
  • the term set when used herein may include one or more items.
  • the method embodiments described herein are not constrained to a particular order or sequence. Additionally, some of the described method embodiments or elements thereof can occur or be performed simultaneously, at the same point in time, or concurrently.
  • Some aspects of the invention may be related to an accurate method and system for detecting a surface related VC event.
  • a used herein the term“surface event” may be related to any event that takes place on the surface of an object and that changes a feature of at least one of: a chemical composition of the surface, chemical compounds on the surface, biological compounds on the surface and a physical property of the surface.
  • Some examples to surface events may include a corrosion on the surface, pilling of a coating layer, one or more scratches, cracks, object dimension change (e.g., a diameter of the a pipe), presence of liquids on the surface, generation of biofilm on the surface, presence of insects or pests on the surface, presence (or changes in the presence) of organic materials, generation of mold on the surface, presence of water, oil, etc. on the surface, generation of heat on the surface and the like.
  • object dimension change e.g., a diameter of the a pipe
  • VC volatile compound
  • Some examples for VCs may include: Cr2 , O2, H2, CH4, NH3, CH3OH, SO x , NO x BTEX, Benzene, Toluene, Ortho-Xylene, Para- Xylene, Meta-Xylene, Glycol, Ethylbenzene and the like.
  • the term“surface” may be any plane of an object that is exposed to the atmosphere (e.g., to a pure gas or mixture of gases).
  • a surface may be the outer or inner part of an object (e.g., a pipe, an engine, a cabinet, etc.), a sealing, walls, floor and the like.
  • a surface related VC event may be related to any surface event that may cause an emission of VCs from a layer coated or applied on the surface.
  • Fig. 1A is a block diagram of system 100 for detecting a surface event according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • System 100 may include one or more scent recorders 120 located in known locations with respect to the inspected surface(s) and a controller 130.
  • two or more scent recorders 120 may be included in a scent recorders array 110.
  • the structure of each scent recorder 120 is better understood with respect to the block diagram, of Fig. IB.
  • Scent recorder 120 may include one or more VC detecting sensors 122, for example, chemiresistors , metal oxide semiconductor (MOS), complementary MOS (CMOS), field-effect transistor-based biosensor, catalytic sensor, electrocatalytic sensor and the like, a communication unit (e.g., wireless or wired unit) 124 for communicating with controller 130 and a processor 126.
  • VC detecting sensors 122 for example, chemiresistors , metal oxide semiconductor (MOS), complementary MOS (CMOS), field-effect transistor-based biosensor, catalytic sensor, electrocatalytic sensor and the like
  • a communication unit e.g., wireless or wired unit
  • Processor 126 e.g., implemented on a chip
  • Chemiresistor sensors may be adapted to detect the presence of volatile compound (VCs).
  • Chemiresistor sensor may include a material or structure that changes its electrical resistance in response to changes in the nearby chemical environment, for example, due to the presence of VCs.
  • Commercial chemiresistor sensors 112 for sensing VCs may include a sensing element made from one of: carbon nanotubes, graphene, carbon nanoparticles, conductive polymers and the like. These chemiresistor sensors are sensitive to cleaning and regeneration cycles which are required after each measurement, due to the nonuniformity nature of the sensor’s material.
  • Another optional chemiresistor sensor may include metallic nanoparticles cores coated with organic ligands.
  • the organic ligands may be bonded with the surface of the metallic core at one end and may be configured to be weakly bonded (e.g., interact) to a VC at the other end.
  • the most suitable and widely used cores are nanoparticles of: Au, Pt, Pd Ag and further also alloys consisting of Ni, Co, Cu, Al, Au/Ag, Au/Cu, Au/Ag/Cu, Au/Pt, Au/Pd, Au/Ag/Cu/Pd, Pt/Rh, Ni/Co, and Pt/Ni/Fe.
  • thiol sulfides
  • Thiols can be bonded with the metallic cores via groups such as: alkylthiols with C3-C24 chains, co functionalized alkanethiolates, arenethiolate, (g-mercaptopropyl) tri-methyloxysilane, dialkyl disulfides, xanthates, oligonucleotides, polynucleotides, peptides, proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides, and phospholipids. These bonds are relatively stable in comparison with other organic ligands, but not stable enough and wear in time.
  • chemiresistor sensors may be included in a single scent recorder 120.
  • different chemiresistors may be configured to sense different VCs or solvedd of VCs, thus a signal produced by these chemiresistors may identify these VCs. Accordingly, each scent recorder 120 may reconfigured to sense and identify one or more types of VCs.
  • controller 130 may include a processor 132, a memory 134 and an input/output unit 136.
  • Processor 132 may be a central processing unit (CPU) processor, a controller, a programable controller or any suitable computing or computational device.
  • Memory 134 may be or may include, for example, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), a Dynamic RAM (DRAM), a Synchronous DRAM (SD-RAM), a double data rate (DDR) memory chip, a Flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory, a cache memory, a buffer, a short term memory unit, a long term memory unit, or other suitable memory units or storage units.
  • Memory 134 may be or may include a plurality of, possibly different memory units.
  • Memory 134 may be a computer or processor non-transitory readable medium, or a computer non-transitory storage medium, e.g., a RAM.
  • a non-transitory storage medium such as memory 134, a hard disk drive, another storage device, etc. may store instructions or code which when executed by a processor may cause the processor to carry out methods as described herein.
  • memory 134 may store an operating system that may include any code segment designed and/or configured to perform tasks involving coordination, scheduling, arbitration, supervising, controlling or otherwise managing operation of processor 132.
  • memory 134 may store a code or instructions for determining a location of a VC event according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • Input/output unit 136 may include any unit/units that allows controller 130 to send and/or receive information from external devices, for example, scent recorders 120, 120A and 120B and user devices (e.g., laptops, tables, smartphones and the like). Input/output unit 136 may be or may include any suitable input devices, components or systems, e.g., a detachable keyboard or keypad, a mouse and the like. Input/output unit 136 may include one or more (possibly detachable) displays or monitors, speakers and/or any other suitable output devices. Any applicable input/output (I/O) devices may be connected to controller 130, for example, a wired or wireless network interface card (NIC), a universal serial bus (USB) device or external hard drive.
  • NIC network interface card
  • USB universal serial bus
  • Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method of detecting a surface event according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • the method of Fig. 2 may be conducted by system 100 and executed by processor 132, or any other suitable processor, according to instructions stored in memory 134 or in any other suitable memory.
  • at least one Volatile Compound (VC) emitting layer may be applied on the object’s surface.
  • at least one VC emitting layer may be configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to the surface event.
  • VC emitting layer may be a coating applied to the surface of a component, for example, a pipe, a cover, a cabinet, an electrical component, a housing and the like. In some embodiments, VC emitting layer may be a coating applied to surfaces of other nature, such as, of sealings, floors, walls and the like. In some embodiments, the at least one VC emitting layer may include at least one reacting ingredient configured to undergo a VC emitting chemical reaction in response to the surface event.
  • VC emitting layer may include a base matrix (e.g., a polymer).
  • the base matrix may include, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and the like.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • the base matrix may be configured to emit VC in response to a surface event, for example, in response to a rise in temperature or burning of the surface.
  • the VC emitting layer may include in addition to the base polymeric matrix one or more additional reacting ingredients.
  • the reacting ingredients may be a reactive chemical group attached to the chains of the polymers in the polymeric matrix.
  • reactive 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde chemical group may be added to Polystyrene for detection of corrosion surface event. 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde may be oxidized during corrosion formation for example.
  • Phenol or any other aromatic chemical could be adsorbed on polymer chain or function group and oxidized during corrosion formation for example or released during heating of surface for example.
  • an emitting layer for detecting the presence of water (e.g., from leakages, condensation, irrigation and the like) on a surface may include:
  • RCOOR' is a polymer where R may be any organic chain of interest, for example, be any scaffolding such as beads (e.g., silica), nanoparticle, gel, polymer and the like and R' may be small organic group such as, CfR, CH3-CH2, CH3-CH2-CH2.
  • the layer may include RCOOR' embedded or attached to the base polymer.
  • the layer may further include a catalyst that may activate the reaction at low temperature, such as room temperature.
  • a catalyst that may activate the reaction at low temperature, such as room temperature.
  • the result of the reaction may be the formation of RCOOH polymer and small VCs such as, CH3-OH (i.e. methanol), CH3-CH2-OH (i.e. ethanol), CH3-CH2- CH2-OH (i.e. propanol).
  • the VCs may diffuse and released from coating to further be detected by a scent recorder (e.g., scent recorder 120).
  • the reacting ingredients may be one or more types of particles embedded in the base matrix and configured to release VCs in response to surface events.
  • each type of particles may be directed/ designed to emit different types of VCs in response to different types of surface events.
  • a VC emitting layer may include two types of particles embedded in a PET matrix.
  • the first type of particles may include metallic iron configured to react with body fluids from pests or humans and the second type of particles/polymer may include PEG (discussed with respect to Figs. 3-4 herein below) configured to react in the presence of corrosion. Accordingly, such a layer may be configured to detect three types of surface events, corrosion, the presence of pests and raise in temperature.
  • the reacting ingredients may be dissolved into the base matrix, for example, dissolving glucose or penicillin in polymer or as reactive chemical group attached to polymer matrix for biofilm surface event detection.
  • the method may further include, applying on the surface a first type of VC emitting layer, configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to a first type of surface event and applying on the surface a second type of VC emitting layer, configured to emit one or more types of VCs in response to a second type of surface event.
  • the first type of VC emitting layer, applied directly on the surface may be selected to detect surface events that may be generated inside a component or an element related to the surface, for example, a leakage from a pipe coated with the first layer, a heat generated in an engine coated with the first layer and the like.
  • the second type of VC emitting layer may be selected to detect surface events generated by external influences, for example, humidity, presence of pests and the like.
  • FIG. 3 A schematic illustration of a surface event 300 occurred on a surface 310 of an object 300 (e.g., a pipe) is given in Fig. 3.
  • Object 300 may be coated with a VC emitting layer 320 that includes reacting ingredient 325.
  • coated surface 310 may be in contact with a“touching material” (material that at least some molecules of which get in touch with the coated surface) which may be the cause of surface event 330.
  • a touching material may be water, oil, acid, organic material form living body, air and the like.
  • reacting ingredients 325 located at the outermost portion of VC emitting layer 320 and may react with the touching material.
  • the type of VC emitting layer 320 e.g., the type of reacting ingredients 325) may be selected to emit VC in response to a specific type of the surface event as disclosed herein above.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a surface event (e.g., corrosion) according to some embodiments of the invention.
  • a surface event 400 may be corrosion occurred on surface 310 of component 300 under VC emitting layer 320.
  • the corrosion on surface event 400 may chemically react with reacting ingredients 325 of VC emitting layer 320 that may cause the emission of VC.
  • a nonlimiting examples regarding corrosion of metals may include Fenton chemistry that may be used for degradation (i.e. oxidation) of polymer such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and chemicals such as phenol or 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) or benzoic acid
  • PEG polyethylene glycol
  • TNT 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene
  • H2O2 hydrogen peroxide
  • O2 excess of oxygen
  • the degradation of PEG may be achieved by reaction of H2O2 and, for example, Fe(OH)3 generated during corrosion.
  • PEG oxidation for example may result VC emission, such as, alcohol, ester, formic ester, formic acid, formaldehyde, ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, and tri-ethylene glycol
  • Fenton chemistry use H2O2 and Fe(OH)3 at high concentration to eliminate high concentration of organic pollutants or polymers from waste water.
  • the Fenton chemistry may be used in low concentration (i.e. 1-lOOOppms) to generate VCs that are the result of degradation (i.e. oxidation) of a coating according to some embodiments of the invention , that could then be detected by scent recorder (e.g., sent recorder 120) as an indication for corrosion.
  • VC emitting layer 320 may include a polymer such as PEG or other polymers possibly with functionalities resemble to phenol, such as, poly vinyl phenol (PVP) and the like, that may be designed to be oxidized and degrade in the presence of corrosion species (e.g.,. H2O2 and Fe(OH)3but not limited to).
  • PEG polymer such as PEG or other polymers possibly with functionalities resemble to phenol, such as, poly vinyl phenol (PVP) and the like, that may be designed to be oxidized and degrade in the presence of corrosion species (e.g.,. H2O2 and Fe(OH)3but not limited to).
  • PVP poly vinyl phenol
  • polymers may include, poly vinyl alcohol (PVA), polyacryl amide (PAM), poly acrylic acid (PAA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), 2-hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), and methylcellulose (MC), Phenol polymer.
  • PVA poly vinyl alcohol
  • PAM polyacryl amide
  • PAA poly acrylic acid
  • CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
  • HEC 2-hydroxyethylcellulose
  • MC methylcellulose
  • other material such as the alloying elements in steels, aluminum alloys, copper alloys and the like (e.g., C, P, Si, S, P, Cr, Ni, Mo, Ti, Se, Cb, etc.) may act as catalyst for degradation of polymer under ambient environment (e.g., RH and room temperature).
  • ambient environment e.g., RH and room temperature
  • the surface event may be detected using one or more scent recorders configured to generate one or more signals in response to sensed VC emission from the VC emitting layer.
  • scent recorders 120 located at known distances from object 300 (e.g., attached to a ceiling above the component) may sense the presence of the VCs by sensing a change in the electrical resistance in one or more sensors 122.
  • One or more scent recorders 120 may generate and send a signal to controller 130 indicating the detection of VCs.
  • Processor 132 may determine the type of the surface event based on the received signals.
  • processor 132 may determine the type of the sensed VC by the one or more sensors 122, therefore determine the type of emitting layer and the corresponding surface event.
  • controller 132 may receive data indicative of the type of the emitting layer, e.g. from a data base, and determine the type of VC event based on the received signal and the known emitting layer.
  • processor 132 may determine the extent of the surface event, for example, based on the intensity and duration of the detected signal. In some embodiments, the controller may estimate the extent (e.g., the size the surface event). For example, the higher is the intensity (e.g., due to concentration) of the VC detected and the longer the duration at which these VCs have being detected, the lager is the damaged area. For example, a small a leak of water will result in less VC production during the reaction of water with the VC emitting layer, than a larger leak. In another example, corrosion tends to expand on the surface (e.g., below the VC emitting layer) therefore, may result in more VC release from reacting with portion of the VC emitting layer during longer time period.
  • the extent e.g., the size the surface event. For example, the higher is the intensity (e.g., due to concentration) of the VC detected and the longer the duration at which these VCs have being detected, the lager is the damaged area. For example, a small
  • processor 132 may determine or estimate the location of the surface event, for example, based on known locations of sent records 120. Processor 132 may identify the sent record(s) 120 from which signal(s) and may estimate the location of the surface event based on the location of each identified scent recorder and optionally the intensity of the signal received from each scent recorder, using triangulation methods.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)

Abstract

Des aspects de l'invention peuvent être associés à un procédé précis et un système pour un procédé de détection d'un événement de surface, consistant à : appliquer, sur la surface d'un objet, au moins une couche d'émission de composé volatil (VC), configurée pour émettre un ou plusieurs types de VC en réponse à l'événement de surface; et détecter l'événement de surface, à l'aide d'un ou de plusieurs enregistreurs d'odeur configurés pour générer un ou plusieurs signaux en réponse à une émission de VC à partir de la couche d'émission de VC.
PCT/IL2020/050155 2019-02-11 2020-02-09 Système et procédé de détection d'événement de composés volatils associés à la surface WO2020165894A1 (fr)

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US62/803,823 2019-02-11

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001033235A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-09 Fujikura Ltd 長尺材の表面突起欠陥検出装置
JP2001102064A (ja) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-13 Toshiba Corp 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池のセパレータの製造方法、そのセパレータの欠陥検査方法、そのセパレータの加熱処理方法、そのセパレータの表面被覆方法、そのセパレータの表面被覆欠陥検査方法
WO2003060511A1 (fr) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-24 Fisher Controls International Llc Dispositif de diagnostic et procedes applicables a un systeme de detection chimique
CN101047272A (zh) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-03 索尼德国有限责任公司 电池泄漏检测系统
US7985188B2 (en) * 2009-05-13 2011-07-26 Cv Holdings Llc Vessel, coating, inspection and processing apparatus

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001033235A (ja) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-09 Fujikura Ltd 長尺材の表面突起欠陥検出装置
JP2001102064A (ja) * 1999-09-29 2001-04-13 Toshiba Corp 固体高分子電解質型燃料電池のセパレータの製造方法、そのセパレータの欠陥検査方法、そのセパレータの加熱処理方法、そのセパレータの表面被覆方法、そのセパレータの表面被覆欠陥検査方法
WO2003060511A1 (fr) * 2002-01-09 2003-07-24 Fisher Controls International Llc Dispositif de diagnostic et procedes applicables a un systeme de detection chimique
CN101047272A (zh) * 2006-03-31 2007-10-03 索尼德国有限责任公司 电池泄漏检测系统
US7985188B2 (en) * 2009-05-13 2011-07-26 Cv Holdings Llc Vessel, coating, inspection and processing apparatus

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