WO2020164395A1 - Moteur à deux temps ayant une chambre de combustion indépendante et un piston spécial et à amplification synchrone - Google Patents

Moteur à deux temps ayant une chambre de combustion indépendante et un piston spécial et à amplification synchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020164395A1
WO2020164395A1 PCT/CN2020/074127 CN2020074127W WO2020164395A1 WO 2020164395 A1 WO2020164395 A1 WO 2020164395A1 CN 2020074127 W CN2020074127 W CN 2020074127W WO 2020164395 A1 WO2020164395 A1 WO 2020164395A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
combustion chamber
piston
independent combustion
cylinder
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/074127
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张诗刚
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张诗刚
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Application filed by 张诗刚 filed Critical 张诗刚
Publication of WO2020164395A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020164395A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/02—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/18—Other cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a two-stroke engine with independent combustion chambers, special pistons and synchronous supercharging.
  • engines can be divided into four-stroke engines and two-stroke engines.
  • a four-stroke engine the piston reciprocates twice for every two revolutions of the crankshaft (720 degrees), and the engine completes a working cycle, that is, every four strokes complete a working cycle.
  • a two-stroke engine every time the crankshaft rotates one revolution (360 degrees), the piston reciprocates once, and the engine completes a working cycle, that is, every two strokes complete a working cycle.
  • the existing four-stroke engine has an intake stroke and a compression stroke, its existence fundamentally reduces the working efficiency of the engine, increases the load, and it is difficult to effectively improve the explosiveness.
  • the existing two-stroke engine crankshaft rotates once, there is a power stroke, therefore, under the same conditions of speed, intake conditions and other factors, theoretically the power that the two-stroke engine can produce should be equal to the same working volume four-stroke engine Produce twice the power.
  • the exhaust gas of the two-stroke engine is not completely discharged, and the scavenging port is closed before the exhaust port, additional exhaust gas is generated, and the air pressure is difficult to increase; in fact, the performance of the two-stroke engine is not ideal, and the oil is discharged without burning Go out, causing waste and pollution.
  • the compression chamber of the existing engine and the combustion chamber are in the same space.
  • engines with different compression ratios have high requirements for fuel, high requirements for fuel injection advance angle, and complex ignition systems. Even so, The occurrence of knocking cannot be completely avoided.
  • the compression chamber and the combustion chamber of the existing engine are in the same space, so the limited high-temperature and high-pressure gas after combustion can only do work on the same piston end face, and cannot maximize the heat energy into power and lose resources.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to allow fuel to be fully burned in a high-temperature and high-pressure independent combustion chamber, reduce waste emissions, eliminate the hazard of knocking, and reduce fuel requirements, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure gas after the same volume of combustion can act on a small area
  • the piston end face can double the power output. Under the same existing conditions, the same fuel can double the output power. On the contrary, under the same existing output power, it can double the fuel saving.
  • the two-stroke engine of the present invention uses special pistons to provide high-pressure gas synchronously, and the fuel is burned in an independent combustion chamber to reduce the reactive power and ineffective load of the engine as much as possible, and greatly improve the working efficiency and power performance of the engine, and improve the fuel efficiency. Intake and power are combined into one power stroke, and compression and exhaust are combined into one exhaust stroke, so that the two strokes complete a working cycle of the engine, thereby achieving the purpose of improving work efficiency, improving power performance, and enhancing explosiveness .
  • the present invention provides a two-stroke engine with an independent combustion chamber, special pistons, and synchronous supercharging.
  • the special pistons provide high-pressure compressed gas synchronously, which combines intake and work into one stroke to compress Combined with exhaust gas into one stroke, two strokes complete a working cycle of the engine.
  • a two-stroke engine with an independent combustion chamber, special pistons and synchronous supercharging including a crank connecting rod mechanism, a lubrication system, a cooling system, a starting system, a fuel supply and control system, and a valve mechanism, is characterized by: crankshaft A connecting rod is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod, and the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a large piston. The large piston moves up and down on the inner wall of the large cylinder in synchronization with the crankshaft.
  • the large piston draws fresh air into the large cylinder ,
  • the inhaled gas is compressed in the compression chamber,
  • the large piston has a large piston ring, the large piston and the small piston are a whole, the stroke is the same, the internal lubrication is connected,
  • the small piston has a small piston ring, so
  • the large cylinder is connected with a small cylinder, the small piston moves up and down on the inner wall of the small cylinder, the side wall of the small cylinder has an intake passage, and the side wall of the small cylinder has a compressed air passage.
  • the compressed air passage is connected to the upper part of the backing plate.
  • the one-way valve is connected, the upper one-way valve is connected to the independent combustion chamber, the compressed gas channel is connected and disconnected with the independent combustion chamber through the opening and closing of the upper one-way valve, the There is a through hole for the intake valve in the small cylinder, a through hole for the lower one-way valve in the small cylinder, a working chamber in the middle of the small cylinder, and a working chamber sealing strip below the working chamber.
  • the small cylinder is connected to a backing plate, the backing plate is provided with a through hole for the intake valve, the backing plate is provided with a through hole for the middle valve, and the backing plate is provided with a through hole for the upper one-way valve ,
  • the upper one-way valve is installed on the backing plate, the middle valve is installed on the backing plate, the upper part of the backing plate is connected with a cylinder head, the cylinder head has the independent combustion chamber, and
  • An exhaust valve is installed in the independent combustion chamber, the cylinder head has a through hole for the intermediate valve, the cylinder head has a through hole for the intake valve, and the cylinder head has a through hole for the exhaust valve.
  • a high-pressure nozzle is installed on the cylinder head to communicate with the independent combustion chamber, and the high-pressure nozzle is externally connected to the high-pressure common rail.
  • the fuel injection amount is controlled by the ECU to provide the independent combustion chamber.
  • the combustion chamber is injected with fuel.
  • a camshaft is installed above the cylinder head. The camshaft is equipped with intermediate valve cams, intake valve cams, exhaust valve cams, upper one-way valve cams, and lower one-way valve cams.
  • the intake valve is controlled by the intake valve cam
  • the lower one-way valve is controlled by the lower one-way valve cam
  • the upper one-way valve is controlled by the upper one-way valve cam
  • the middle valve is controlled by the The intermediate valve cam
  • the exhaust valve is controlled by the exhaust valve cam.
  • the working method of the above two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging includes the following steps:
  • the temperature in the independent combustion chamber is about 700 degrees
  • the high-pressure nozzle starts to inject fuel
  • the fuel starts to self-ignite
  • the crankshaft rotates to a position near 360 degrees
  • the lower one-way valve is closed
  • the middle valve is opened
  • the independent combustion chamber is connected to the working chamber, and high temperature and high pressure combustion gas Pushing the small piston to move downward, and rotating the crankshaft through the large piston and the connecting rod to perform work, and the work ends when the small piston reaches bottom dead center 2;
  • the above-mentioned two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging, said large piston and small piston are a whole, the size of large piston and small piston, and the travel stroke of large piston and small piston are designed according to needs ,
  • the number is 1 independent or multiple.
  • the number of said large cylinders and small cylinders is one independent or multiple arrangements.
  • the above-mentioned two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging can be designed in different shapes and placed in appropriate positions.
  • the high-pressure nozzles are placed in cooperation with the independent combustion chamber.
  • the number of high-pressure nozzles and the number of fuel injections are based on Need to decide, the fuel injection quantity and time are controlled by ECU.
  • the number of air passages, camshafts, and cams is one or more, which can be designed into different shapes and placed in appropriate positions.
  • valve and one-way valve can be cam, spring, air pressure, or electromagnet. All electromagnets can be used. Camshafts and cams can also be used together.
  • the above-mentioned two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging includes but not limited to diesel, gasoline, ethanol, natural gas. Each fuel can be used alone or in combination. For those with high auto-ignition temperature Fuel, add ignition device.
  • the above-mentioned two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging can apply the continuously variable valve timing mechanism on the existing four-stroke engine, and change the intake valve on the camshaft by changing the angle of the camshaft
  • the phase of the cam, intermediate valve cam, and exhaust valve cam controls the opening and closing timings of the intake valve, intermediate valve, and exhaust valve that they drive, thereby changing the compression ratio and expansion ratio of the engine, enabling the engine to achieve Multi-modal continuous conversion from constant expansion mode to multiple super expansion modes.
  • the two-stroke engine has two strokes less, the power performance is better, the efficiency is higher, the explosive power is greatly enhanced, and the structure is simple, small in size and light in weight;
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas burned in the independent combustion chamber acts on the small end face of the piston. It can be calculated according to the pressure formula. Compared with the traditional piston area, the power will increase by much, which is inversely proportional and greatly improved. The power output of the same fuel, under the same existing power output conditions, greatly reduces the weight of the engine and saves fuel consumption.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stroke engine with independent combustion chambers, special pistons and synchronous supercharging;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the special piston structure of a two-stroke engine with independent combustion chambers, special pistons and synchronous supercharging;
  • FIG. 1 the figure only shows the structural diagram of the engine with a single cylinder. In actual use, it can be designed as a multi-cylinder or a single cylinder), a two-stroke engine with independent combustion chambers, special pistons and synchronous boosting.
  • the special pistons provide high pressure Compress the gas, combine intake and work into one stroke, and combine compression and exhaust into one stroke, so that two strokes complete a working cycle of the engine.
  • the two-stroke engine Compared with the four-stroke engine, the two-stroke engine has two strokes less, the power performance is better, the efficiency is higher, the explosive power is greatly enhanced, and the structure is simple, the volume is small, and the weight is light. Compared with the traditional two-stroke engine, no pre-ignition is required , Combustion is carried out in an independent combustion chamber, which eliminates knocking, avoids incomplete combustion and pollution, greatly improves combustion efficiency, and reduces fuel requirements.
  • a two-stroke engine with an independent combustion chamber, a special piston and a synchronous supercharge including a crank connecting rod mechanism, a lubrication system, a cooling system, a starting system, a fuel supply and control system, and a valve mechanism, characterized by: the crankshaft (1)
  • a connecting rod (2) is connected, and the upper end of the connecting rod (2) is connected with a large piston (4).
  • the large piston (4) moves up and down on the inner wall of the large cylinder (3), and is connected to the crankshaft (1). Synchronously, through the opening of the intake valve (19), the large piston (4) sucks fresh air into the large cylinder (3), and the sucked gas is compressed in the compression chamber (5) on the large piston (4).
  • the large piston (3) is connected to a small cylinder (15), the small piston (17) moves up and down on the inner wall of the small cylinder (15), and the side wall of the small cylinder (15) has an intake passage (7), the side wall of the small cylinder (15) is provided with a compressed air passage (8), the compressed air passage (8) is provided with a lower check valve (6), and the compressed air passage (8) passes through the The lower one-way valve (6) is opened and closed to realize the communication and disconnection with the large cylinder (3).
  • the compressed air passage (8) is connected to the upper one-way valve (9) on the backing plate (30). ) Connection, the upper one-way valve (9) is connected to an independent combustion chamber (10), and the compressed gas channel (8) is connected to the independent combustion chamber (10) by opening and closing the upper one-way valve (9).
  • the combustion chamber (10) is connected and disconnected, the small cylinder (15) has a through hole for the intake valve (19), and the small cylinder (15) has the lower one-way valve (6)
  • the small cylinder (15) has a working chamber (16) in the middle of the small cylinder (15).
  • the backing plate (30) has a through hole for the intake valve (19), the backing plate (30) has a through hole for the middle valve (14), and the backing plate (30) is There is a through hole for the upper check valve (9), the upper check valve (9) is installed on the backing plate (30), and the middle valve (14) is installed on the backing plate (30).
  • the backing plate (30) is connected to a cylinder head (11), the cylinder head (11) has an independent combustion chamber (10), and an exhaust valve (24) is installed in the independent combustion chamber (10) ,
  • the cylinder head (11) has a through hole for the intermediate valve (14), the cylinder head (11) has a through hole for the intake valve (19), and the cylinder head (11)
  • the cylinder head (11) has an exhaust channel (21), and the cylinder head (11) is equipped with a high-pressure nozzle (12) and the independent combustion chamber ( 10) Connected, the high-pressure nozzle (12) is connected to an external high-pressure common rail to inject fuel into the independent combustion chamber (10), a camshaft (26) is installed above the cylinder head (11), and the camshaft ( 26)
  • the middle valve cam (13), intake valve cam (22), exhaust valve cam (23), upper check valve cam (27), and lower check valve cam (28) are installed on the The valve (19) is controlled by the intake valve cam (
  • FIG. 1 the figure only shows the structural schematic diagram of the engine when it is single-cylinder. In actual use, it can be designed as single-cylinder or multi-cylinder).
  • a two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special pistons and synchronous supercharging includes the following steps:
  • the temperature in the independent combustion chamber (10) is about 700 degrees
  • the high-pressure nozzle (12) starts to inject fuel
  • the fuel starts to ignite
  • the crankshaft (1) Rotate to a position near 360 degrees, the lower one-way valve (6) is closed, the intermediate valve (14) is opened, the independent combustion chamber (10) is in communication with the working chamber (16), high temperature and high pressure
  • the combustion gas pushes the small piston (17) to move downward, and the crankshaft (1) is rotated through the large piston (4) and the connecting rod (2) to perform work until the small piston (17) reaches Work ends at bottom dead center 2;
  • the whole working process is realized as follows: the crankshaft (1) starts from 0 degrees and rotates clockwise, driving the large piston (4) to move from top dead center 1 to bottom dead center 1, and the middle valve (14) is opened
  • the independent combustion chamber (10) is in communication with the working chamber (16)
  • the intake valve (19) is opened, air is drawn into the compression chamber (5)
  • the crankshaft (1) rotates to 179 degrees Near the position
  • the exhaust valve (24) opens, the crankshaft (1) rotates to a position near 180 degrees
  • the large piston (4) descends to the bottom dead center 1
  • the intake valve (19) closes
  • the crankshaft (1) rotates to a position near 220 degrees
  • the lower one-way valve (6) is opened
  • the crankshaft (1) rotates to a position near 324 degrees
  • the middle valve (14) is closed
  • the upper The one-way valve (9) is opened, the exhaust valve (24) is closed, the crankshaft (1) is rotated to a position near 359 degrees, and the upper one-way valve (9) is
  • the independent combustion chamber (10) The temperature inside is about 700 degrees, the high-pressure nozzle (12) starts to inject fuel, the fuel starts to spontaneously ignite, the crankshaft (1) rotates to a position near 360 degrees, the lower one-way valve (6) is closed, The intermediate valve (14) is opened. After the intermediate valve (14) is opened, the independent combustion chamber (10) is connected to the working chamber (16), and the high temperature and high pressure combustion gas pushes the small piston (17) ) Moving downwards, the crankshaft (1) is rotated through the large piston (4) and the connecting rod (2) to perform work, and the work ends when the small piston (17) reaches the bottom dead center 2;
  • the exhaust valve (24) opens, the intake valve (19) closes, and the exhaust gas is discharged from the small cylinder (15) under its own residual pressure and pushed by the small piston (17).
  • the intermediate valve (14) is closed, and the small piston (17) continues to move upward to compress the exhaust gas to a certain extent to compensate Gap, welcome the beginning of the next work.
  • the two-stroke engine with independent combustion chamber, special piston and synchronous supercharging provided by the present invention is widely applicable to equipment requiring power including but not limited to automobiles, airplanes, agricultural machinery, tanks, ships, generators and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un moteur à deux temps ayant une chambre de combustion indépendante et un piston spécial et à amplification synchrone. Un gaz haute pression comprimé de manière synchrone par une face d'extrémité plus grande d'un piston spécial passe à travers un canal de gaz comprimé (8) et est stocké dans une chambre de combustion indépendante (10), le carburant brûle dans la chambre de combustion indépendante (10), et un gaz haute pression à haute température détendu après combustion ne fonctionne pas sur une face d'extrémité plus petite du piston spécial, ce qui permet de résoudre les problèmes, notamment les exigences de carburant trop élevées, le cognement du moteur et le taux de compression non réglable du moteur existant, le mélange de la combustion de l'huile moteur et du fioul d'un moteur à deux temps, la pollution d'émission grave, et un défaut de faible efficacité de travail d'un moteur à quatre temps. Dans les mêmes conditions existantes, la puissance d'un moteur est approximativement doublée (ou environ la moitié du carburant est économisée), et le moteur a une efficacité thermique d'environ 50 %, ce qui permet de réaliser une combustion complète et d'économiser de l'énergie.
PCT/CN2020/074127 2019-02-15 2020-01-31 Moteur à deux temps ayant une chambre de combustion indépendante et un piston spécial et à amplification synchrone WO2020164395A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201920208592.4 2019-02-15
CN201920208592.4U CN209990543U (zh) 2019-02-15 2019-02-15 具有独立燃烧室、特殊活塞和同步增压的二冲程发动机

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WO2020164395A1 true WO2020164395A1 (fr) 2020-08-20

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4085710A (en) * 1976-08-03 1978-04-25 Sundar Savarimuthu Hydraulic engine piston
DE3518982A1 (de) * 1985-05-07 1986-11-13 Fred 5600 Wuppertal Nixdorf Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
CN1038685A (zh) * 1988-05-07 1990-01-10 丹·梅里特 内燃机
CN2353897Y (zh) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 王险峰 双腔进气式两冲程汽油机

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4085710A (en) * 1976-08-03 1978-04-25 Sundar Savarimuthu Hydraulic engine piston
DE3518982A1 (de) * 1985-05-07 1986-11-13 Fred 5600 Wuppertal Nixdorf Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
CN1038685A (zh) * 1988-05-07 1990-01-10 丹·梅里特 内燃机
CN2353897Y (zh) * 1998-06-12 1999-12-15 王险峰 双腔进气式两冲程汽油机

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