WO2020162708A1 - Anode et batterie secondaire au lithium la comprenant - Google Patents
Anode et batterie secondaire au lithium la comprenant Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020162708A1 WO2020162708A1 PCT/KR2020/001757 KR2020001757W WO2020162708A1 WO 2020162708 A1 WO2020162708 A1 WO 2020162708A1 KR 2020001757 W KR2020001757 W KR 2020001757W WO 2020162708 A1 WO2020162708 A1 WO 2020162708A1
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a negative electrode including a silicon-based active material, a carbon-based active material, and a metal nanowire, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- a secondary battery is composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte, and a separator.
- the negative electrode includes a negative electrode active material that inserts and desorbs lithium ions from the positive electrode, and a silicon-based active material having a large discharge capacity may be used as the negative electrode active material.
- the silicon-based active material has low initial efficiency, and the volume expands excessively during the charging and discharging process, resulting in a problem that the life of the battery is reduced.
- Patent Document 1 Korean Patent Application Publication No. 10-2013-0092943
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, to provide a negative electrode having excellent capacity characteristics, initial efficiency, and high temperature life characteristics, and a lithium secondary battery including the same.
- a metal current collector And a negative active material layer including a negative active material and a metal nanowire, and formed on the metal current collector, wherein the negative active material includes a silicon-based active material and a carbon-based active material, and the metal nanowire is copper, gold,
- a cathode comprising at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, and silver is provided.
- a lithium secondary battery including the negative electrode is provided.
- the negative electrode according to the present invention can improve the capacity characteristics of a lithium secondary battery by using a silicon-based active material having a large capacity, and maintain excellent initial efficiency by using a metal nanowire that does not cause an electrochemical reaction with lithium.
- the metal nanowire minimizes damage to the conductive path even when the silicon-based active material expands during charging and discharging, thereby improving high-temperature life characteristics of the lithium secondary battery.
- the negative electrode according to the present invention includes a metal current collector; And a negative electrode active material layer including a silicon-based active material and a carbon-based active material, and a metal nanowire, and formed on the metal current collector.
- the metal nanowire includes at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, gold, nickel, cobalt, and silver.
- the metal current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has high conductivity without causing chemical changes to the battery, for example, copper, gold, nickel, cobalt, silver, stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, and calcined carbon. , Surface treatment of copper or stainless steel with carbon, nickel, titanium, etc., aluminum-cadmium alloy, etc. may be used. Alternatively, fine unevenness may be formed on the surface to enhance the bonding strength with the negative electrode active material slurry, and may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwoven fabrics.
- the negative active material layer may be disposed on the current collector. Specifically, the negative active material layer may be disposed on one or both surfaces of the current collector.
- the negative active material layer may include a negative active material and a metal nanowire.
- the negative active material includes a silicon-based active material and a carbon-based active material.
- a compound having a high discharge capacity includes silicon (Si), a silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2), a metal silicate, and the like.
- the silicon-based active material may include all of the silicon (Si), silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2), and metal silicate.
- the silicon-based active material may include a case in which the metal silicate is present in a silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2) in a phase.
- the metal silicate may be formed by doping or reducing a metal having high reactivity with oxygen in silicon oxide.
- silicon oxide SiOx, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2
- SiOx, 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 2 silicon oxide
- SiO 2 silica
- some of the lithium ions inserted in the charging process are It is not released from the silica and may be maintained in a lithium-silicate state.
- the metal silicate is intentionally formed to occupy an irreversible site in the silica, and serves to prevent a decrease in the reversible capacity of the battery.
- a metal having high reactivity with oxygen may be used to form a metal silicate.
- the metal silicate may include at least one selected from the group consisting of lithium silicate, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, and titanium silicate.
- silicon-based active material of the present invention carbon may be further included, and more specifically, silicon (Si), silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2), metal silicate, etc. may be located in the core.
- silicon Si
- silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2)
- metal silicate etc.
- carbon may be included in the coating layer coated on the core.
- conductivity may be further improved compared to a silicon-based active material containing only a silicon-based compound.
- the silicon-based active material includes a core including a silicon oxide represented by SiO X (0 ⁇ X ⁇ 2) and a metal silicate present as a phase in the silicon oxide
- the carbon is included
- the coating layer may be formed on the core including the metal silicate and on the surface of the core.
- the diameter of the silicon-based active material may be 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 1 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m. For example, it may be 1 ⁇ m to 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of the silicon-based active material is determined by irradiating the laser to the particles passing through the sensor inside the analyzer through a particle size analyzer (PSA), and then measuring the laser blocked or scattered by the particles. Can be measured.
- PSD particle size analyzer
- the carbon-based active material is an active material having a high discharge capacity at a certain level while having a lower volume expansion rate than that of a silicon-based active material during charging and discharging.
- the carbon-based active material may be included in the negative active material layer together with the silicon-based active material.
- the carbon-based active material may include at least one selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, hard carbon, soft carbon, carbon black, acetylene black, Ketjen black, super P, graphene, and fibrous carbon.
- the silicon-based active material and the carbon-based active material are included in a weight ratio of 0.1:99.9 to 30:70, preferably 0.1:99.9 to 20:80, more preferably 0.1:99.9 to 7:93 weight ratio I can.
- the silicon-based active material and the carbon-based active material are included within the above range, it is possible to improve the capacity characteristics of the battery while minimizing the occurrence of a short circuit in the battery.
- a silicon-based active material is a compound having a discharge capacity of four or more times greater than when a graphite-based active material is used alone, and has been recently studied in various angles for application to a negative electrode active material.
- the degree of contraction and expansion during charging and discharging is high, and as the number of times of charging and discharging increases, the capacity retention rate sharply decreases, and there is a problem in that the lifespan characteristics are low.
- carbon-based conductive material such as carbon nanotubes or graphene.
- the carbon-based conductive material has high conductivity, it has high electrochemical reactivity with lithium ions, so charging and discharging Since the initial efficiency of the battery is low due to high reversible capacity loss rate during the reaction, there is a problem that it is difficult to commercialize.
- the present inventors have developed a negative electrode including a metal nanowire instead of a carbon-based conductive material.
- the metal nanowire does not participate in the reaction when the lithium ion battery, etc., electrochemically reacts during charging and discharging, so that irreversible capacity does not occur, so that the initial efficiency can be maintained in a high state.
- By minimizing damage to the conductive path according to the volume change of the silicon-based active material it is possible to maintain high conductivity.
- the metal of the metal nanowire may be one or more metals selected from the group consisting of copper, gold, nickel, cobalt, and silver, and specifically, the metal nanowire is selected from the group consisting of copper, gold, and silver. It may be one or more metals.
- the metal nanowire may not participate in oxidation and reduction reactions at the driving potential of the negative electrode when the battery is driven. Accordingly, side reactions (alloy formation reaction) of the metal nanowires during the charging and discharging process of the battery may be suppressed, so that a decrease in conductivity of the negative electrode may be suppressed.
- the metal of the metal nanowire may be copper.
- the copper has an advantage in terms of price compared to other metals, and it is easy to manufacture it as a metal nanowire.
- the same metal as the metal of the metal current collector, which is one component of the negative electrode, may be used. In this case, since the interface resistance between the metal current collector and the metal nanowire can be minimized, the efficiency of the battery can be improved.
- the average diameter of the metal nanowires may be 1 nm to 500 nm, specifically 20 nm to 300 nm, more specifically 30 nm to 120 nm, and preferably 35 nm to 70 nm.
- the average diameter of the metal nanowires is within the above range, aggregation between the metal nanowires is minimized, and even when the same content as the existing conductive material is added, a larger number of metal nanowires may be included in the cathode, Excellent electrical conductivity.
- the average diameter of the metal nanowires is 35 nm to 70 nm, the conductive network in the cathode may be more uniformly formed while the metal nanowires are maintained without being broken.
- the average length of the metal nanowires may be 0.5 ⁇ m to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 15 ⁇ m to 80 ⁇ m, more preferably 42 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m.
- disconnection of the conductive path may be minimized even when the silicon-based active material expands in volume during charging and discharging, so that the distance between the active material particles increases.
- the average length of the metal nanowires is 42 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, a long conductive network can be formed by a sufficient length, and aggregation between the metal nanowires can be further minimized.
- the metal nanowires can be easily observed through elemental analysis using elemental analysis equipment such as EDS (Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectometer), and the shape, diameter, and length through a scanning microscope (SEM). All can be observed with the naked eye.
- EDS Electronic Dispersive X-ray Spectometer
- SEM scanning microscope
- the average length and average diameter of the metal nanowires are obtained by taking a SEM photo so that 100 metal nanowires in the cathode are visible, and then measuring the length and diameter of the metal nanowires, After sorting in order, it can be calculated by averaging the lengths and diameters of the top 30 to 100 in a large order.
- the metal nanowires may be included in an amount of 0.001% to 2.5% by weight, specifically 0.001% to 2.2% by weight, and more specifically 1.2% to 2.2% by weight in the negative active material layer.
- aggregation between metal nanowires is minimized, and an electrical contact network is formed in the electrode, so that a conductive path is formed to be wide, so that conductivity can be maintained at a high level.
- the negative electrode may further include a binder. More specifically, in order to form the negative active material layer, when preparing the negative active material slurry, a binder may be added in addition to the solvent. In this case, the binder is used to increase physical adhesion between components included in the negative active material slurry, and to increase physical adhesion between the negative active material slurry and the metal current collector when manufacturing the negative electrode.
- the binder is carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), (the binder is polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (PVDF-co-HFP), polyvinylidenefluoride, polyacrylic Nitrile (polyacrylonitrile), polymethylmethacrylate (polymethylmethacrylate), polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, recycled cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, poly The group consisting of propylene, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), fluorine rubber, polyacrylic acid, and substances in which hydrogen is substituted with Li, Na or Ca, etc. It may include at least any one selected from, and may also include various copolymers thereof.
- EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene monomer
- the negative electrode may be formed by coating (coating and drying) a negative active material slurry on the metal current collector.
- the negative active material slurry may include a solvent together with the negative active material and metal nanowires described above.
- the solvent may include an organic solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and the negative active material slurry may be used in an amount having a desirable viscosity.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a lithium secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, and may further include a separator that may be selectively disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- the positive electrode may be prepared by coating a positive electrode active material slurry including a positive electrode active material, a positive electrode binder, a positive electrode conductive material, and a solvent on the positive electrode current collector.
- the positive electrode current collector is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, calcined carbon, or carbon on the surface of aluminum or stainless steel. , Surface treatment with nickel, titanium, silver, or the like can be used. Alternatively, microscopic irregularities may be formed on the surface to enhance the bonding force of the positive electrode active material, and may be used in various forms such as films, sheets, foils, nets, porous bodies, foams, and nonwoven fabrics.
- the positive electrode active material is a compound capable of reversible intercalation and deintercalation of lithium, and specifically, may include a lithium composite metal oxide containing lithium and one or more metals such as cobalt, manganese, nickel, or aluminum. have. More specifically, the lithium composite metal oxide is a lithium-manganese-based oxide (eg, LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4, etc.), a lithium-cobalt-based oxide (eg, LiCoO 2, etc.), and a lithium-nickel-based oxide (E.g., LiNiO 2 ), lithium-nickel-manganese oxide (e.g., LiNi 1-Y1 Mn Y1 O 2 (here, 0 ⁇ Y1 ⁇ 1), LiMn 2-z1 Ni z1 O 4 ( Here, 0 ⁇ Z1 ⁇ 2), lithium-nickel-cobalt oxide (e.g., LiNi 1-Y2 Co Y2 O 2 (here, 0 ⁇ Y2 ⁇ 1), etc.
- the lithium composite metal oxide is LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiNiO 2 , lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (e.g., Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 ) in that it can increase the capacity characteristics and stability of the battery.
- the lithium composite metal oxide is Li(Ni 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.5 Mn 0.3 Co 0.2 )O 2 , Li(Ni 0.7 Mn 0.15 Co 0.15 )O 2 or Li(Ni 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 )O 2, etc., any one or a mixture of two or more of them may be used. have.
- the positive electrode binder is a component that assists in bonding a positive electrode active material to a positive electrode conductive material and bonding to a current collector.
- polyvinylidene fluoride polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropylcellulose, regenerated cellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene (PE ), polypropylene, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), sulfonated EPDM, styrene-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber-carboxymethylcellulose (SBR-CMC), fluorine rubber, various copolymers, etc. I can.
- the positive electrode conductive material is a component for further improving the conductivity of the positive electrode active material, and is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing chemical changes in the battery, and examples thereof include graphite; Carbon blacks such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; Conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; Metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; Conductive whiskey such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- Carbon blacks such as acetylene black, Ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black
- Conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers
- Metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder
- Conductive whiskey such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate
- Conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide
- Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used
- conductive materials include acetylene black-based Chevron Chemical Company, Denka Singapore Private Limited, Gulf Oil Company, etc.), Ketjenblack, EC The group (Armak Company), Vulcan XC-72 (Cabot Company) and Super P (Timcal).
- the solvent may contain an organic solvent such as NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone), and may be used in an amount having a desirable viscosity when the positive electrode active material and optionally a positive electrode binder and a positive electrode conductive material are included. have.
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may be an organic liquid electrolyte, an inorganic liquid electrolyte, a solid polymer electrolyte, a gel polymer electrolyte, a solid inorganic electrolyte, a molten inorganic electrolyte, etc. that can be used when manufacturing a lithium secondary battery, but is not limited thereto.
- the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of a battery can move.
- the organic solvent include ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, and ⁇ -caprolactone; Ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran; Ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone; Aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene; Dimethylcarbonate (DMC), diethylcarbonate (DEC), methylethylcarbonate (MEC), ethylmethylcarbonate (EMC), ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate, Carbonate-based solvents such as PC); Alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; Nitriles such as R-CN (R is a C 2 to C 20 linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group and
- carbonate-based solvents are preferred, and cyclic carbonates having high ionic conductivity and high dielectric constant (e.g., ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate, etc.), which can improve the charging/discharging performance of the battery, and low-viscosity linear carbonate-based compounds (for example, a mixture of ethylmethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate) is more preferable.
- cyclic carbonate and the chain carbonate are mixed in a volume ratio of about 1:1 to about 1:9, the electrolyte may exhibit excellent performance.
- the lithium salt may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in lithium secondary batteries.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 .
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 and the like can be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1M to 2.0M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is within the above range, since the electrolyte has an appropriate conductivity and viscosity, excellent electrolyte performance can be exhibited, and lithium ions can move effectively.
- the electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery includes, for example, a haloalkylene carbonate-based compound such as difluoro ethylene carbonate, for the purpose of improving the life characteristics of the battery, suppressing the decrease in battery capacity, and improving the discharge capacity of the battery, Pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphate triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N- One or more additives such as substituted imidazolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxy ethanol or aluminum trichloride may be further included.
- a haloalkylene carbonate-based compound such as difluoro ethylene carbonate
- the separator is a conventional porous polymer film conventionally used as a separator, for example, a polyolefin-based polymer such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer.
- a porous polymer film made of a polymer can be used alone or by laminating them, and a polyolefin-based porous polymer film coated with inorganic particles (eg, Al 2 O 3 ) or a conventional porous non-woven fabric, such as glass fiber having a high melting point , Non-woven fabric made of polyethylene terephthalate fiber, etc. may be used, but is not limited thereto.
- a battery module including the lithium secondary battery as a unit cell and a battery pack including the same are provided. Since the battery module and battery pack include the lithium secondary battery having high capacity, high rate characteristics, and site characteristics, a medium-large size selected from the group consisting of electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, and power storage systems It can be used as a power source for a device.
- the powder obtained by mixing Si and SiO 2 in a 1:1 molar ratio was vacuum-heated at 1,400°C to form SiO vapor. Further, magnesium (Mg) was vacuum-heated at 700°C to form magnesium (Mg) vapor.
- SiO vapor and magnesium (Mg) vapor are mixed at a weight ratio of 95:5, reacted in a cooling zone at 500° C. to solidify, and then pulverized using a ball mill to obtain magnesium having a diameter of 5 ⁇ m.
- Silicon-based particles containing silicate (Mg-SiO) as a phase were prepared.
- the magnesium silicate (Mg-SiO) powder was placed in a hot zone of a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) device while maintaining an inert atmosphere by flowing argon (Ar) gas, and argon as a carrier gas.
- Ar argon
- the formed silicon-based active material was prepared. Artificial graphite was used as a carbon-based active material.
- copper nanowires average length: 20 ⁇ m, average diameter: 100 nm, manufactured by Sigma Aldrich
- carboxymethylcellulose 1 part by weight
- 2 parts by weight of styrene butadiene rubber were mixed with water as a solvent to prepare a negative active material slurry having a solid content of 50% by weight.
- the negative active material slurry was coated on a 15 ⁇ m thick copper (Cu) thin film as a metal current collector, dried, and then roll pressed to prepare a negative electrode having a negative active material layer formed on the metal current collector.
- Cu copper
- VC vinylene carbonate
- EMC ethylene carbonate
- PS propane sultone
- Example 1 As in Example 1, except that in Example 1, a negative electrode active material slurry was prepared such that the copper nanowires contained 2 parts by weight and 95 parts by weight of the negative electrode active material based on 100 parts by weight of solid content excluding the solvent (water) in the negative electrode active material slurry. A negative electrode and a half cell were prepared in the same manner.
- Example 1 a negative active material slurry was prepared by using 1 part by weight of silver nanowires (average length: 10 ⁇ m average diameter: 60 nm) based on 100 parts by weight of solid content excluding solvent (water) in the negative electrode active material slurry instead of copper nanowires in Example 1 Except for one, a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half-cell were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1.
- Example 1 a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half battery were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a negative electrode active material was prepared by mixing a silicon-based active material and artificial graphite at a weight ratio of 10:90.
- a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half battery were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that copper nanowires having an average diameter of 200 nm and an average length of 30 ⁇ m were used instead of the copper nanowires of Example 1.
- a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half-cell were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that copper nanowires having an average diameter of 50 nm and an average length of 50 ⁇ m were used instead of the copper nanowires of Example 1.
- a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half-cell were manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the average particle diameter (D 50 ) of the silicon-based active material of Example 1 was 3 ⁇ m.
- Example 1 a negative active material, a negative electrode, and a half-cell were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 part by weight of Super-C (diameter: 65 nm) was used instead of 1 part by weight of copper nanowires to prepare a negative active material.
- 1 part by weight of Super-C (diameter: 65 nm) was used instead of 1 part by weight of copper nanowires to prepare a negative active material.
- Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 part by weight of a carbon nanotube (average length: 10 ⁇ m, average diameter: 10 nm) was used instead of 1 part by weight of copper nanowires.
- a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half-cell were prepared.
- Example 4 a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode, and a half battery were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 part by weight of Super-C (diameter: 65 nm) was used instead of 1 part by weight of copper nanowires to prepare a negative active material.
- 1 part by weight of Super-C (diameter: 65 nm) was used instead of 1 part by weight of copper nanowires to prepare a negative active material.
- Metal nanowire content (% by weight) Types of metal nanowires Average diameter of metal nanowires (nm) Average length of metal nanowires ( ⁇ m) Average particle diameter of silicon-based particles (D 50 )( ⁇ m) Weight ratio of silicon-based active material and carbon-based active material
- Example 1 One Copper 100 20 5 5:95
- Example 2 Copper 100 20 5 5:95
- Example 3 One silver 60 10 5 5:95
- Example 4 One Copper 100 20 5 10:90
- Example 5 One Copper 200 30 5 5:95
- Example 6 One Copper 50 50 5 5:95
- Example 7 One Copper 100 20 3 5:95 Comparative Example 1
- Comparative Example 2 CNT 1% by weight CNT CNT 10nm CNT 10 ⁇ m 5 5:95
- Comparative Example 3 Super-C 1% by weight Super-C -(Average particle diameter: 65nm) - 5 10:90
- Equation 1 The initial efficiency was calculated by Equation 1 below.
- the capacity retention rate was calculated by Equation 2 below.
- Capacity retention (%) ⁇ (discharge capacity in 30 cycles) / (1.0V discharge capacity in 1 cycle) ⁇ ⁇ 100
- Each half-battery prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples was charged at 25°C with a constant current (CC) of 0.1 C until 5 mV, and then charged with a constant voltage (CV) of 5 mV, so that the charging current was 0.005 C ( cut-off current), and then allowed to stand for 30 minutes, and then discharged until 1.5 V with a constant current of 0.1C (CC). Thereafter, the discharge capacity when the charging/discharging was repeated 3 times was measured and defined as the initial discharge capacity.
- CC constant current
- CV constant voltage
- the battery according to the embodiment maintains high initial efficiency and high capacity retention rate and high temperature capacity retention rate.
- the silicon-based active material and the carbon-based active material have higher initial efficiency, capacity retention rate, and high-temperature capacity retention rate as compared to Comparative Example 3 using a negative electrode active material containing the same weight ratio.
- Example 1 when comparing Example 1 and Example 7, it can be seen that the effect is further improved when a silicon-based active material having an appropriate average particle diameter is used in consideration of compatibility with the metal nanowires used in the present invention.
- Example 1 when comparing Example 1 and Example 3, it can be seen that the capacity retention rate of Example 1 using copper nanowires, which is the same material as the copper current collector, is better.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne une anode et une batterie secondaire au lithium comprenant l'anode, l'anode comprenant un collecteur de courant métallique et une couche de matériau actif d'anode qui comprend un matériau actif d'anode et un nanofil métallique et qui est formée sur le collecteur de courant métallique, le matériau actif d'anode comprenant un matériau actif à base de silicium et un matériau actif à base de carbone, et le nanofil métallique comprenant un ou plusieurs types de métaux choisis dans le groupe constitué par le cuivre, l'or, le nickel, le cobalt et l'argent.
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CN202080013215.0A CN113574696A (zh) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-02-07 | 负极和包括所述负极的锂二次电池 |
US17/429,085 US20220131157A1 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2020-02-07 | Negative Electrode and Lithium Secondary Battery Including Same |
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EP (1) | EP3907786A4 (fr) |
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CN113707862A (zh) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-26 | 厦门大学 | 一种铜纳米线缠绕硅碳复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
KR102488633B1 (ko) * | 2022-08-17 | 2023-01-13 | 주식회사 덕산일렉테라 | 이차전지용 전해액 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
CN116888801A (zh) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-10-13 | 德山伊莱特拉有限公司 | 二次电池用电解液添加剂、包含该二次电池用电解液添加剂的锂二次电池用非水电解液、以及包含该锂二次电池用非水电解液的锂二次电池 |
KR102514199B1 (ko) * | 2022-09-22 | 2023-03-27 | 주식회사 덕산일렉테라 | 이차전지용 전해액 첨가제, 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지용 비수 전해액, 및 이를 포함하는 리튬 이차전지 |
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KR20200097658A (ko) | 2020-08-19 |
US20220131157A1 (en) | 2022-04-28 |
CN113574696A (zh) | 2021-10-29 |
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EP3907786A1 (fr) | 2021-11-10 |
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