WO2020162380A1 - Impeller manufacturing method, impeller, impeller design method, impeller design system, and impeller manufacturing system - Google Patents

Impeller manufacturing method, impeller, impeller design method, impeller design system, and impeller manufacturing system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020162380A1
WO2020162380A1 PCT/JP2020/003852 JP2020003852W WO2020162380A1 WO 2020162380 A1 WO2020162380 A1 WO 2020162380A1 JP 2020003852 W JP2020003852 W JP 2020003852W WO 2020162380 A1 WO2020162380 A1 WO 2020162380A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
impeller
manufacturing
reinforcing member
hub
main
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/003852
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隼夫 阪口
野口　学
涼太郎 山本
浩章 中本
雅裕 海藤
瞬 長山
小林　真治
Original Assignee
株式会社荏原製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2019019231A external-priority patent/JP2020125732A/en
Priority claimed from JP2019019320A external-priority patent/JP2020125734A/en
Priority claimed from JP2019019311A external-priority patent/JP2020125733A/en
Priority claimed from JP2019074211A external-priority patent/JP2020172876A/en
Application filed by 株式会社荏原製作所 filed Critical 株式会社荏原製作所
Publication of WO2020162380A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020162380A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/24—Vanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an impeller manufacturing method and an impeller.
  • various impellers are used. There are closed impeller, open impeller, non-clog type impeller and so on.
  • the closed impeller is a centrifugal pump and a mixed flow pump, and is an impeller with a side plate.
  • Open impellers are centrifugal pumps and mixed-flow pumps that do not have side plates.
  • the one with the main plate extending to the outer circumference of the blade is called a semi-open type impeller, and the one with the main plate as short as possible is the full-open type impeller.
  • impellers are used depending on the suction type.
  • a single suction impeller is used, and in the case of a double suction pump, a double suction impeller is used.
  • the double suction impeller uniformly sucks fluid from both the left and right sides of the impeller and accelerates it.
  • a double suction impeller is used in a horizontal shaft double suction centrifugal pump.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a method of forming an impeller applied to a turbine wheel by an additive manufacturing method.
  • Patent Document 2 has a plurality of blades, a plurality of flow paths for sending fluid from the impeller inlet to the impeller outlet, and a shroud and a hub that form the flow paths. Each flow path is formed between adjacent blades.
  • a centrifugal impeller in which a shroud curve is curved from the blade inlet to a predetermined position (C) of the blade toward the hub side and is curved from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade outlet opposite to the hub. Has been done.
  • One embodiment of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a method for manufacturing an impeller that makes it possible to suppress the deformation of the end of the impeller when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, and The purpose is to provide an impeller.
  • the impeller having the main plate and/or the side plate when the number of the main blades is small, the flat surface portion of the main plate and/or the side plate becomes large, and it is difficult to form by the additive manufacturing.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method, an impeller design system, and an impeller manufacturing system.
  • FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining an example of casting the impeller 1000 as a conventional technique.
  • the core on the outer peripheral side cannot support the main mold particularly in the process of integral molding by sand mold casting. There is a risk that it will be damaged and will result in defective molding. This defective molding becomes noticeable in the impeller in which the thickness of the shroud or/and the hub becomes thinner toward the outer peripheral side.
  • Another aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an impeller manufacturing method and an impeller manufacturing system that enable manufacturing of an impeller having a complicated flow path shape. With the goal.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by a layered manufacturing method, and removing the reinforcing member from the structure.
  • the impeller has at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, and one end of the reinforcing member is an upper portion of the pair of end portions.
  • the structure is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of an end of the structure.
  • the reinforcing member supports at least a part of the upper end portion of at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, so that the deformation of the upper end portion can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a second aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the first aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, at least the reinforcing member of the reinforcing members is included. One end is formed to have substantially the same metal density as the end of the impeller to be connected.
  • one end of the reinforcing member has substantially the same density as the end of the impeller to be connected, and the reinforcing member can be maintained with the same strength as the end of the impeller. Can be suppressed. Further, since the reinforcing members have substantially the same density, the end portion of the impeller has the same heat dissipation performance as the other portions of the impeller, and therefore the end portion of the impeller has the same speed as the other portions of the impeller. Since it is cooled by, deformation can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the first or second aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, the reinforcing members are connected to each other. It is formed with a density lower than the end of the impeller and at an angle inclined from the end of the impeller.
  • the amount of material of the reinforcing member can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • the reinforcing member is formed at an angle inclined from the end of the impeller, deformation of the reinforcing member is suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein in the structure forming step, at least a part of the structure is provided. Are supported and formed by a member having a metal density lower than that of the structure.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the reinforcing member extends from the one end of the reinforcing member.
  • the distance that the reinforcing member extends is equal to or less than the limit distance that is determined according to the material of the reinforcing member.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the first method extends substantially horizontally from the one end of the reinforcing member. And a second member that extends in the vertical direction from the other end of the reinforcing member to support the first member, and the second member and the lower part of the pair of end portions Has a horizontal distance to the end of.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, in which at least an end portion of a pair of end portions located at a lower side is located.
  • the second reinforcing member has a second reinforcing member extending from a part, the second reinforcing member has a first member extending from the one end of the reinforcing member, and the distance by which the first member extends is It is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material of the first member.
  • An impeller manufacturing method is the impeller manufacturing method according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and the main plate.
  • a main wing provided between the side plate and the side plate for giving energy to the pumping liquid, and the pair of end portions is an end portion on the discharge side of the main plate or the side plate.
  • the upper end of the discharge side end of the main plate or the side plate can be supported, so that the deformation of the discharge side end of the main plate or the side plate can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and the main plate.
  • a plurality of main wings provided between the side plate and the side plate, and the pair of end parts are suction side end parts of the side plate.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller has a plurality of main blades that impart energy to the pumping liquid. And the pair of end portions are end portions of adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings.
  • the ends of the adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings can be supported, so that the deformation of the ends of the adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings can be suppressed.
  • An impeller according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is an impeller provided with a main plate, a side plate, and a main blade that is provided between the main plate and the side plate and applies energy to pumping liquid.
  • a flow path formed by the side plate and the main wing is formed by additive manufacturing, and at least one outer peripheral surface of the main plate and the side plate is formed by cutting.
  • the processing accuracy of the flow path is improved, and since the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the main plate and the side plate is cut, the processing accuracy of the end portion is improved. Is improved.
  • the impeller according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the flow passage surface and the outer peripheral surface have different surface roughnesses.
  • the impeller according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twelfth aspect, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer peripheral surface.
  • a manufacturing method for an impeller according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by a layered manufacturing method, and removing the reinforcing member from the structure.
  • the impeller is arranged such that a circular opening at an end of the impeller is perpendicular to a stacking surface, and one end of the reinforcing member is provided.
  • the structure is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of an end of the circular end above the midpoint.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is a suction port.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the fourteenth or fifteenth aspects, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is an opening of the impeller hub. ..
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is directed to forming a structure having an impeller and a processing margin member connected to a surface of the impeller by a layered manufacturing method. And a removing step of removing the machining allowance member from the structure, wherein the machining allowance member is shaped at substantially the same density as the impeller in the structure forming step.
  • the processing margin member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the surface of the impeller. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • the method for manufacturing an impeller according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventeenth aspect, wherein the structure further has a support member, and in the structure forming step, A first step of forming the supporting member, a second step of forming the processing allowance member, and a third step of forming the impeller, and on at least one vertical line of the structure In, the structure is laminated and manufactured in the order of the first step, the second step, and the third step.
  • the machining allowance member is supported by the support member, and the impeller is supported by the machining allowance member. Therefore, the impeller is supported from below, and deformation in the manufacturing process of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventeenth or eighteenth aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, the support member is the processing margin member. It is formed to have a lower density than that of the above.
  • the amount of metal of the supporting member can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to nineteenth aspects, wherein in the removing step, the processing margin member is cut. By being removed, the shape of the surface of the impeller is formed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twentieth aspects, wherein the impeller has a lower side and an impeller upper side.
  • the processing margin member is formed on at least one side.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-first aspects, wherein the impeller hub opening of the impeller is formed in the structure forming step.
  • the processing margin member is formed inside the portion.
  • the machining accuracy of the surface of the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the impeller hub is improved by cutting the machining allowance member, so that the pump shaft can be prevented from being scratched.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the twenty-second aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, at least a part of the opening is covered.
  • a work allowance member is formed, and unevenness is provided at a surface position of the work allowance member corresponding to the center of the opening, and/or unevenness is provided at a surface position of the work allowance member corresponding to an inner circumference of the opening. Is provided.
  • the cutting range can be easily determined.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-third aspects, wherein in the structure forming step, the processing margin member includes: Concavities and convexities representing parameters relating to the dimensions of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate or the shapes of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate are provided on the surface of the processing margin member.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-fourth aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing, It is a closed impeller equipped with.
  • the processing margin member can maintain the closed impeller with the same strength as the closed impeller, so that the deformation of the surface of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • An impeller according to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention is an impeller that includes a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing, in which a flow path defined by the main plate, the side plate, and the main wing is formed.
  • the flow paths are formed by additive manufacturing, and the outer surfaces of the main plate and the side plates are impellers formed by cutting.
  • An impeller according to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-sixth aspect, wherein in the main plate and the side plate, the flow passage surface defining the flow passage and the outer surface have surface roughness. different.
  • the impeller according to the twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-seventh aspect, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer surface.
  • An impeller according to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-seventh or twenty-eighth aspect, wherein the impeller further has an impeller hub formed by cutting, and the flow passage surface has the impeller hub.
  • the surface roughness is rougher than that.
  • a design method for an impeller according to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention is a design method for an impeller of a pump, wherein the impeller includes a plurality of main blades that give energy to pumping liquid, and information on the impeller is provided. On the basis of the above, there is a design change process for changing the design of the impeller that laminate-molds the impeller.
  • the design in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the design can be changed so that the impeller is additive manufactured. Therefore, deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus formation defects can be suppressed. can do.
  • a design method for an impeller according to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention is a design method for an impeller according to the thirtieth aspect, wherein in the design changing step, an intermediate blade necessary for layer-fabricating the impeller. Change the design of the impeller to add.
  • the intermediate blade in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the plane of the layer to be formed becomes large, the intermediate blade can be designed to be provided between the adjacent main blades. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus the formation failure can be suppressed.
  • a design method for an impeller according to a thirty-second aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to the thirtieth aspect, wherein the information on the impeller is adjacent to the information on the material of the impeller. Including the distance between the adjacent main blades in the laminated surface on which the main blades are formed, in the design changing step, the design of the impeller is changed to add the intermediate blade between the adjacent main blades. ..
  • the distance between the main blades and the intermediate blades can be set according to the distance between the adjacent main blades on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades are formed and the material of the impeller. The deformation of the impeller during modeling can be suppressed.
  • An impeller design method is the impeller design method according to the thirty-second aspect, wherein in the design changing step, a predetermined allowable distance that differs depending on a material of the impeller is used.
  • the design of the impeller is changed so that the intermediate blade is added so that the distance in the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades becomes short.
  • the distance between the main blade and the intermediate blade can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller, so that the deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed. ..
  • An impeller design method is the impeller design method according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-third aspects, wherein the impeller is a closed impeller, and The laminated surface is a main plate or a side plate of the impeller formed after the main blade.
  • the distance between the main wing and the intermediate wing can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller.
  • the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
  • a design method for an impeller according to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-fourth aspects, wherein the intermediate blade is provided after the design changing step.
  • the method further comprises the step of performing a fluid analysis on the pump including the impeller.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the thirty-fifth aspect, including an operating point in which a selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis satisfies the customer request.
  • the method has a step of controlling the additive manufacturing machine so that additive manufacturing is performed.
  • the impeller when the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request due to the design change, the impeller can be manufactured with the design.
  • An impeller designing method is the impeller designing method according to the thirty-fifth or thirty-sixth aspect, wherein an operating point in which a selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis satisfies the customer requirement.
  • the method further includes a step of changing at least one of the information on the material of the impeller and the design shape of the impeller, and performing the fluid analysis again after the change.
  • An impeller designing method is the impeller designing method according to any one of the thirty-fifth to thirty-seventh aspects, in which a pump model is selected from a plurality of pump model groups according to a customer request. And a step of reselecting the selected pump model when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer's request.
  • a design method for an impeller according to a thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-eighth aspects, wherein in the design changing step, an outer diameter of the impeller is changed. , And/or the wing angle of the main wing and/or the intermediate wing is redesigned.
  • a manufacturing method of an impeller according to a 40th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller, which is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller designed by the method for designing an impeller according to any of the 30th to 39th aspects being formed by additive manufacturing. It is a manufacturing method.
  • the intermediate blade in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the plane of the layer to be formed becomes large, the intermediate blade can be designed to be provided between the adjacent main blades. Since deformation during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed, formation defects can be suppressed.
  • An impeller design system is an impeller design system for a pump, which is equipped with a plurality of main blades for giving energy to pumped liquid, and which includes: On the basis of the above, a design change unit is provided for changing the design of the impeller so that the impeller is laminated and manufactured.
  • the impeller in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller can be designed so as to be additive manufactured, and thus deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, so that formation failure is suppressed.
  • An impeller design system is the impeller design system according to the forty-first aspect, wherein the design change unit adds an intermediate blade necessary for additive manufacturing. Change the design of the impeller.
  • An impeller manufacturing system is a pump impeller, which is a manufacturing system of an impeller having a plurality of main blades for giving energy to pumping liquid, wherein: Based on the design change unit, the design change unit changes the design of the impeller so that the impeller is additively manufactured, and the additive manufacturing machine that additively modifies the impeller after the design change.
  • the impeller in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller can be designed so as to be additive manufactured, and thus deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, so that formation failure is suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, wherein an interval is set in the axial direction of the impeller.
  • the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-fourth aspect, wherein the structure further includes a first support member that supports the reinforcing member. Then, the method further includes the step of removing the first support member from the structure.
  • the shape of the reinforcing member during the additive manufacturing is stabilized by supporting the reinforcing member by the first supporting member, the shape of the shroud to which the reinforcing member is connected and the shape of the hub on the impeller outlet side. Is stable.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-sixth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-fourth or forty-fifth aspect, wherein the structure has a second structure that supports the shroud or the hub.
  • the method further includes a support member, and the method further includes the step of removing the second support member from the structure.
  • the base plate when the structure is separated from the base plate, the base plate may be separated from the second support member or the second support member may be cut, so that the structure is separated from the base plate without damaging the impeller. be able to.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 47th aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 46th aspects, wherein in the structure, adjacent blades, the shroud, and the A flow path is formed by the hub, and the reinforcing member is configured to close the flow path at the impeller outlet.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein the reinforcing member is inclined at a terminal end portion of the impeller outlet of the shroud and the hub. The angles are connected to the shroud and the hub at different inclination angles.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein the reinforcing member is connected to the shroud so as to extend the shroud to an outer peripheral side.
  • a third member configured to close at the outlet of the impeller.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fiftieth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein one end of the reinforcing member is the shroud so as to extend the shroud to an outer peripheral side.
  • the other end of the first member and the other end of the second member are connected to each other.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifty-first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the fourty-fourth to fifty aspects, wherein the impeller has the flow passage in a meridional section.
  • the constituent curve on the shroud side is curved from the blade entrance to a predetermined position of the blade toward the hub side, and is curved from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade exit opposite to the hub.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 52nd aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 51st aspects, wherein the hub or/and the shroud of the impeller has a meridional section. In, inclining from the horizontal plane from the predetermined position toward the outer periphery.
  • a method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 53rd aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 52nd aspects, wherein the hub or/and The shroud becomes thinner from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side.
  • An impeller according to a fifty-fourth aspect of the present invention is an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, the hub being arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller. And a shroud and a plurality of blades arranged between the hub and the shroud, and the hub and/or the shroud have different surface roughnesses on the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side.
  • the hub or/and the shroud have an outer surface formed by additive manufacturing and an outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side formed by cutting. Therefore, the surface roughness is different between the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge, and the outer surface is rougher than the outer peripheral edge.
  • a manufacturing system for an impeller according to a fifty-fifth aspect of the present invention is a reinforcement for determining a shape of a reinforcing member connected to an impeller outlet side of a shroud of the impeller and a hub according to a shape of the impeller to be formed.
  • the reinforcing member laminated from the base plate supports at least a part of the end portion of the main plate and the side plate which is to be laminated and manufactured later, one of the main plate and the side plate which is laminated and molded later. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • the processing margin member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the surface of the impeller. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • the impeller when the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, by designing the impeller to be additive manufacturing, it is possible to suppress deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing, Formation defects can be suppressed.
  • the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape, It is possible to obtain dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved.
  • the impeller in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do.
  • the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape, It is possible to obtain dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path can be obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved.
  • the impeller in the removing step, by removing the excessively shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow channel, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow channel can be omitted. can do. Further, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve the productivity.
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of a part of the structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment as seen from the suction port side. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller which concerns on 1st Embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a front view of a pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. 15. It is sectional drawing of the impeller shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a partially cut-away front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 17 as viewed from the suction port side. It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure formed in the middle of the manufacturing process of the impeller which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is a front view when the processing margin member 24 of the structure formed in the middle of the manufacturing process of the impeller which concerns on 6th Embodiment is seen from the suction opening side. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller concerning a 6th embodiment.
  • FIG. 26 is a partially cutaway front view of the impeller according to the first example of the seventh embodiment as viewed from the suction port side of FIG. 25. It is a front view of the impeller which concerns on the 2nd Example which concerns on 7th Embodiment, when seeing from the suction inlet side of FIG. 25.
  • FIG. 35 is a front sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. 34. It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a modification of an 8th embodiment. It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a 9th embodiment. It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a modification to a 9th embodiment. It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing system of the impeller used with the manufacturing method of the impeller of each embodiment. It is an example of a table stored in the storage of the information processing apparatus. It is a flow chart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller concerning each embodiment.
  • a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the present embodiment is formed on the base plate by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder.
  • the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam.
  • the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG.
  • the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2.
  • the impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port 9 (see FIG. 3) faces the suction port 1a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the pump casing 1 through the suction port 1a is The pressure is increased through the impeller 3 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1.
  • the impeller 3 is fixed to an end portion of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5a and 5b incorporated in a bearing body 4 on the pump casing 1 side.
  • a drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the pump casing 1 as seen from the bearing body 4 side.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the suction port side.
  • the impeller 3 is composed of an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • the impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that has an opening 8 through which the pump shaft 6 penetrates, is fixed to the pump shaft 6, and mounts the main wing 13.
  • the main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10.
  • the side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13.
  • the main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10.
  • the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side that are adjacent to each other.
  • the flow paths 20 are divided and formed. Further, FIG. 3 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a partially cut-away front view of the structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment, as seen from the suction port 9 side of the impeller 3.
  • the structure 14 serving as a prototype of the impeller 3 includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main wings provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • An impeller 3 including a support member 22, a support member 22 that supports the side plate 12, a support member 23 that supports the impeller hub 10, and a reinforcing member 30.
  • the structure 14 is formed on the base plate 21 by an additive manufacturing method using metal powder.
  • one end 30 a of the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the main plate 11.
  • the second member 32 of the reinforcing member 30 is separated from the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11, and the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the base plate 21.
  • the reinforcing member 30 includes a first member 31 extending from one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30 toward the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and a vertical direction from the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30.
  • a second member 32 that extends to support the first member 31.
  • the horizontal distance D between the second member 32 and the side plate 12 is set to be equal to or less than the limit distance determined according to the material to be molded. According to this configuration, by setting the horizontal distance D between the second member 32 and the main plate 11 to be equal to or less than the limit distance, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 30 from collapsing halfway.
  • the first member 31 extends substantially horizontally from the one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30.
  • the main plate 11 may be arranged to be inclined from the horizontal for additive manufacturing, and/or the first member 31 may be disposed at a predetermined angle from the one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30 with respect to the horizontal. You may stretch. Then, the horizontal distance D can be increased.
  • the layered manufacturing it is possible to suppress the deformation of the structure 14 formed by reducing the area of the horizontal planes that are sequentially layered as much as possible. By forming the first member 31 at an angle inclined from the horizontal, the deformation of the reinforcing member 30 can be suppressed.
  • At least one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 is formed to have substantially the same metal density as that of the impeller 3.
  • the one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 connected to the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 has substantially the same metal density as the main plate 11, and the reinforcing member 30 can be maintained with the same strength as the end portion of the main plate 11, so that the main plate 11 can be maintained. It is possible to suppress deformation of the outer peripheral surface of the.
  • the layered modeling if the heat during modeling cannot be radiated well, the result is deformation.
  • the outer peripheral surface 11c does not have the reinforcing member 30, the outer peripheral surface 11c is less likely to be exposed to air and dissipate heat. Further, when the reinforcing member 30 having a metal density lower than that of the outer peripheral surface 11c comes into contact, the outer peripheral surface 11c may be partially deformed because it is less likely to radiate heat than the other parts of the impeller 3. However, if the reinforcing member 30 having substantially the same metal density as the outer peripheral surface 11c comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 11c, the outer peripheral surface 11c has the same heat dissipation property as the other parts of the impeller, and therefore the outer peripheral surface 11c does not correspond to other parts of the impeller.
  • all the first members 31 are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3.
  • at least a part of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31 may be formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object).
  • At least the other end portion 30b of the reinforcing member 30 of the reinforcing member 30 is formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a spongy shaped object). May be.
  • the amount of metal of the reinforcing member 30 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • all the second members 32 are formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object).
  • at least a part of the second member 32 may be formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3.
  • the support member 22 may be formed to have a lower metal density (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped article) than the impeller 3. As a result, the amount of metal of the support member 22 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller 3 can be suppressed.
  • the support member 22 is formed to support the impeller hub 10 and the side plate 12 as a whole.
  • the support member 22 may be formed to support at least a part of the side plate 12 as long as the side plate 12 can be stably formed due to the small diameter of the impeller 3 or the like. Furthermore, the support member 22 may be omitted.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the first embodiment.
  • Step S1 the structure 14 that is the prototype of the impeller 3 according to the present embodiment is formed on the base plate 21 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder (for example, titanium or stainless steel).
  • metal powder for example, titanium or stainless steel.
  • Step S2 the structure 14 is peeled off from the base plate 21.
  • the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 with pliers.
  • the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 by machining.
  • Step S3 the support member 22 is removed from the structure 14.
  • the support member 22 may be removed from the structure 14 with pliers.
  • the support member 22 may be removed from the structure 14 by machining (for example, cutting).
  • Step S4 the reinforcing member 30 is removed from the structure 14 by machining or the like (cutting as an example here).
  • the first member 31 is removed from the structure 14.
  • a member having a lower metal density than the impeller 3 (the second member 32 in this embodiment) is cut from the structure 14 with pliers or a cutter, and then the impeller 3 has the same metal density.
  • the portion (the first member 31 in this embodiment) is cut by a lathe.
  • the cutting with the lathe can double as the polishing work in step S5, so that the working process can be simplified.
  • at least one end portion 30 a of the reinforcing member 30 has an outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11. It is preferable that they are connected over one round and have the same metal density as that of the main plate 11.
  • Step S5 Next, the structure 14 is polished.
  • the outer surfaces 11a and 12a of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are polished by a lathe or the like by cutting, and the flow path 20 formed by the main plate 11, the side plate 12 and the main wing 13 is a fluid such as slime. Polished. Note that step S5 may be omitted.
  • the impeller 3 in the impeller 3 manufactured in step S5, a stacking step remains on a surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing that is inclined with respect to the stacking surface, and a laser or electron beam is formed on a surface parallel to the stacking surface. A coating mark due to etc. remains. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface.
  • the impeller 3 includes the flow path surfaces (flow path surfaces 11b and 12b, the front surface 13a and the back surface 13b of the main wing 13) formed by additive manufacturing, and the machined surfaces (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c and the outer surface). The surface roughness is different from that of the surfaces 11a and 12a).
  • the surface roughness of the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 is rougher than that of the outer peripheral surface 11c.
  • the surface roughness Sa of the flow path surface 11b (upper surface of the flow path surface) of the main plate 11 is 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m while the outer peripheral surface 11c (the surface that has been lathe processed).
  • the surface roughness Sa of Sa is 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the additive manufacturing is additive manufacturing as compared with casting or welding, a complicated flow path can be formed, and further, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 that is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is a lathe or the like.
  • the impeller 3 having a desired shape can be manufactured by cutting from.
  • steps S3 and S4 may be reversed.
  • the impeller 3 has the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c that are at least a pair of end portions arranged vertically, and the one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 has the upper end portion (of the pair of end portions) (
  • the structure 14 is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of the outer peripheral surface 11c).
  • the surface roughness of the flow path 20 formed by the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13 formed by additive manufacturing, and the one end 11c which is the outer peripheral side end of the main plate 11 formed by cutting. But different.
  • the reinforcing member 30 is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11, but the embodiment is not limited to this, and the outer circumference of the main plate 11 is not limited to this.
  • the reinforcing members 30 corresponding to a half circumference may be connected, or a plurality of reinforcing members 30 corresponding to an arc may be connected at intervals in the outer circumferential direction.
  • the reinforcing member 30 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11, and may be connected to the outer peripheral side end portion (front surface end portion or back surface end portion) of the main plate 11.
  • the reinforcing member 30 may be connected to at least a part of the end portion (for example, the outer peripheral surface) of the main plate 11.
  • the reinforcing member 30 may be arranged at a predetermined distance from the portion of the outer peripheral surface 11c in contact with the main wing 13.
  • the first member 31 is provided over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the side plate 11, and the plurality of second members 32 are provided over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31. ..
  • the first member 31 may extend over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the side plate 11, and the second member 32 may be provided on at least part of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the first modification of the first embodiment.
  • the structure of the first embodiment has been described on the assumption that the side plate 12 is laminated and formed on the main plate 11 and the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the side plate 12, but the first modification of the first embodiment.
  • the structure according to (1) is different in that the side plate 12 is laminated and formed on the main plate 11, and the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the side plate 12 instead of the main plate 11. This is because the main plate 11 comes to be supported by the supporting member 23, while the outer peripheral surface 12c side of the side plate 12 is no longer supported by the supporting member, so that it is supported by the reinforcing member 40.
  • one end 40a of the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12.
  • the second member 42 of the reinforcing member 40 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11.
  • the other end 40b of the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the base plate 21.
  • the reinforcing member 40 has a first member 41 extending substantially horizontally from one end 40 a of the reinforcing member 40 and a second member 41 extending vertically from the other end 40 b of the reinforcing member 40 to support the first member 41.
  • the horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the main plate 11 is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material to be laminated. According to this configuration, the horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the main plate 11 is provided. This is because when the second member 42 and the main plate 11 that have come into contact with each other are laminated and molded, and the second member 42 enters the flow path 20 as a foreign substance due to defective formation or the like, the second member 42 in the flow path is damaged.
  • the member 42 has to be removed from the flow path 20 in a later step.
  • the carrier fluid is a pump in which the carrier fluid is a liquid as compared with an impeller of a turbine in which the carrier fluid is a gas or the like
  • the pressure loss due to the foreign matter in the flow path 20 is remarkable.
  • the one end portion 40 a is formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3 and is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 12 c of the side plate 12, so that the first member 41 is connected. Can be satisfactorily cut with a lathe.
  • the impeller 3 in the first modified example of the first embodiment has the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c that are at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, and the one end portion 40a of the reinforcing member 40 is
  • the structure 14 is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of the upper end portion (outer peripheral surface 12c) of the pair of end portions.
  • the reinforcing member 40 is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12, but the invention is not limited to this, and the side plate 12 is not limited thereto.
  • the reinforcing member 40 corresponding to a half circumference may be connected, or a plurality of reinforcing members 40 corresponding to an arc may be connected at intervals in the outer circumferential direction.
  • the reinforcing member 30 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 12, and may be connected to the outer peripheral side end of the side plate 12 (front surface end or back surface end). In this way, the reinforcing member 40 may be connected to at least a part of the end portion (for example, the outer peripheral surface) of the side plate 12.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure according to a second modification of the first embodiment.
  • the first modification of the first embodiment there is one reinforcing member 40
  • the second The reinforcing member 43 is added, and the supporting member 24 is further longer in the horizontal direction than the supporting member 23 according to the first modified example, and the first member of the reinforcing member 40 according to the first modified example is added.
  • the difference is that the first member 41c of the reinforcing member 40c is longer than the first member 41 in the horizontal direction.
  • the structure 14c includes a second reinforcing member 43 that is connected to at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11 (here, the entire outer peripheral surface as an example).
  • the second reinforcing member 43 has a first member 43c extending substantially horizontally from one end 43a of the second reinforcing member 43 and the other end 43b of the first member 43c.
  • a second member 44 that extends in the vertical direction to support the first member 43c.
  • the reinforcing member 40c includes a first member 41c extending substantially horizontally from one end 40a of the reinforcing member 40c and a first member 41c extending vertically from the other end 40b of the reinforcing member 40c. And a second member 42 that supports the first member 41c.
  • the horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the second reinforcing member 43 is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material of the metal powder.
  • the second reinforcing member 43 is removed from the structure 14c in addition to the reinforcing member 40c.
  • the one end portion 40a of the reinforcing member 40c and the one end portion 43a of the second reinforcing member 43 may be formed with the same metal density as that of the impeller 3. According to this configuration, both the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 can be supported, so that both the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of the impeller 3 are prevented from being deformed. You can
  • the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the embodiment includes the main plate 11, the side plate 12, the plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and the reinforcing members 30, 40 or.
  • one end of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is to be layered later, and the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is the main plate.
  • the structure 14, 14b or 14c is formed such that the structure 11 is separated from the end of the side plate 12 on which the additive manufacturing is performed first and the other end of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to the base plate 21.
  • the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c laminated from the base plate 21 supports at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is to be laminated and formed later, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are formed. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the one to be layered and formed later. Therefore, when the impeller 3 is formed by the additive manufacturing method, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the impeller 3 (the end portions on the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c side of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12).
  • the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to the base plate 21 of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c at the other end 30b or 40b or in the middle of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c. From the height of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c to the one end 30a or the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c at an angle inclined from the horizontal. According to this configuration, since the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 or the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 can be obliquely supported, the other end portion 30b of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c and the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 can be supported. The horizontal distance between them can be increased.
  • the number of formation surfaces is smaller than when it is formed horizontally. Therefore, the shape of the first members 31, 41, 41c of the reinforcing members 30, 40, 40c is stable even if they are formed with a low metal density (for example, a mesh structure). is there.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the second embodiment.
  • the stacking direction forming the structure 14d is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the stacking method of the first embodiment.
  • the structure 14d in addition to the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13, the structure 14d includes a reinforcing member 51 connected to the side plate 12, a reinforcing member 52 connected to the impeller hub 10, and an impeller hub 10.
  • the reinforcing member 53 that is connected, the reinforcing member 54 that is connected to the side plate 12, and the support member 25 that supports the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13 are provided.
  • the one ends 52a and 53a of the reinforcing members are connected over the entire circumference of the opening 8. That is, the one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to the end above the midpoint R of the opening 8, and the one end 53a of the reinforcing member is connected to the end below the midpoint R of the opening 8.
  • one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to an end above the midpoint R of the suction port 9, and one end 54a of the reinforcing member is connected to an end below the midpoint R of the opening 8. ..
  • the one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the end above the midpoint R of the opening 8, and the one end 53a of the reinforcing member is below the midpoint R of the opening 8. Is connected to at least a part of the end of the.
  • the one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the upper end of the suction port 9 above the midpoint R, and the one end 54a of the reinforcing member is below the midpoint R of the opening 8. Connect to at least a portion of the section.
  • the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the second embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14d itself is different, and the step of FIG.
  • the difference is that the reinforcing member 51 and the reinforcing member 52 are removed from the structure 14d in the removal step in S4, and the support member 25 is removed from the structure 14d in the removal step in step S3 of FIG.
  • the impeller 3 is arranged such that the circular opening (suction port 9, opening 8) at the end of the impeller 3 is perpendicular to the stacking surface. Then, the one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the end portion above the midpoint R (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9, and the one end portion 53a of the reinforcing member is the midpoint R of the suction port 9 (that is, It is connected to at least a part of the end below the axis.
  • one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of an end portion above the midpoint R of the opening portion 8, and one end portion 53a of the reinforcing member is an end portion below the midpoint R of the opening portion 8. To at least a part of.
  • the one ends 51a and 54a are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3 and are connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the suction port 9, and the one ends 52a and 53a are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3. Since the outer peripheral surface 10c of the impeller hub 10 is connected over the entire circumference, the lathe can be satisfactorily cut in the step of S4, which is the same as the reinforcing member 30.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the third embodiment.
  • the impeller 103 for double suction is used in the third embodiment.
  • the configuration diagram of the double suction pump according to the third embodiment is omitted.
  • the structure 14e in addition to the impeller 103 including the impeller hub 61a, the main plate 61b, and the side plates 62a and 62c, the structure 14e according to the third embodiment has one end connected to the end of the side plate 62a. And a reinforcing member 64a having the other end connected to the base plate 21, and a reinforcing member 64b having one end connected to the end of the side plate 62a and the other end connected to the base plate 21. Further, the structure 14e includes a reinforcing member 65a having one end connected to the end of the impeller hub 61a and the other end connected to the base plate 21, and one end connected to the end of the impeller hub 61a and the other end connected to the base plate 21. And a reinforcing member 65b connected to. Further, the structure 14e includes a support member 26 that supports the impeller hub 61a and a support member 27 that supports the side plate 62c.
  • the reinforcing members 64a and 65a are vertically stacked from the other end connected to the base plate 21, and then are formed at an angle inclined from the horizontal from the midway height to one end of the reinforcing members 64a and 65a. ..
  • the reinforcing member 64a is configured to incline from the end of the side plate 62a at a predetermined angle ⁇ 1 with respect to the horizontal line, and the reinforcing member 65a extends from the end of the main plate 61b to the horizontal line. And is inclined at a predetermined angle ⁇ 2.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 and the angle ⁇ 2 may be the same or different.
  • the reinforcing members 64a and 65a have a lower density than the end portion (here, the end portion of the side plate 62a or the end portion of the impeller hub 61a) of the impeller 103 to be connected. As a result, the amount of material of the reinforcing members 64a and 65a can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller 103 can be suppressed.
  • the reinforcing members 64a, 65a, 64b, 65b are provided at axially symmetrical positions of the ends of the side plates 62a, 62c.
  • a plurality of reinforcing members 64a and 65a that are inclined at a predetermined angle may be provided at the ends of the side plates 62a and 62c.
  • the reinforcing members 64a and 65a may not be provided, and only the reinforcing members 64b and 65b may be provided over the entire circumference of the end portions of the side plates 62a and 62c.
  • the reinforcing members 64b and 65b are not provided, and only the reinforcing members 64a and 65a that are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line are provided over the entire circumference of the end portions of the side plates 62a and 62c. Good.
  • the manufacturing process of the impeller 130 according to the third embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14e itself is different, and In the removing step in step S3, the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14e, and in the removing step in step S4 of FIG. 7, the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b are removed from the structure 14e. Is different.
  • the reinforcing member 64a or/and 64b has the end portion of the main plate 61b and the end portion of the side plate 62a which are a pair of upper and lower end portions.
  • the main plate 61b, which is a pair of upper and lower ends, and the side plate 62c have an end portion, and one end of the reinforcing member 65a or/and 65b is the end portion of the pair.
  • a structure 14e that is connected to at least a part of the main plate 61b that is the upper end of the portion is formed.
  • the main plate 61b, the side plates 62a and 62c, the main wing 63 provided between the main plate 61b and the side plates 62a and 62c, and the reinforcing member 64a A structure forming step of forming a structure 14e having 64b, 65a, 65b on the base plate 21 by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder; and a reinforcing member 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b from the structure 14e. And a removing step of removing.
  • one end of the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b is connected to at least a part of the end of the main plate 61b or at least a part of the end of the side plate 62a, and the reinforcing members 64a, 64b,
  • the structure 14e is formed so that the other ends of the 65a and 65b are connected to the base plate 21.
  • the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b laminated from the base plate 21 support at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 61b or at least a part of the end portion of the side plate 62a, the main plate 61b is not supported.
  • the deformation of the end portion or the end portion of the side plate 62a can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, in the fourth embodiment, the stacking direction forming the structure 14f is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the stacking method of the third embodiment.
  • the structure 14f includes a reinforcing member 66a connected to the side plate 62a, A reinforcing member 66c connected to the side plate 62c, a support member 26 that supports the main plate 61b, and a support member 27 that supports the side plates 62b and 62d are provided.
  • the reinforcing members 66a and 66c are provided so as to be connected only to the uppermost portions of the side plates 62a and 62c.
  • the reinforcing members 66a and 66c may be in contact with all of the ends of the side plates 62a and 62c located above the midpoint R1 (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9.
  • the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the fourth embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14f itself is different, and the step of FIG. The difference is that the reinforcing members 66a and 66c are removed from the structure 14f in the removal step in S4, and the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14f in the removal step in Step S3 of FIG.
  • the impeller 3 is arranged such that the circular opening (suction port 9) at the end of the impeller 3 is perpendicular to the stacking surface.
  • the one end 66a1 of the reinforcing member 66a is connected to at least a part of the end above the midpoint R1 (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9, and the one end 66c1 of the reinforcing member 66c is the midpoint R of the suction port 9. (That is, connected to at least a part of the end portion above the axis).
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an example of a structure according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment.
  • the impellers of the first, second, third and fourth embodiments were closed impellers, whereas the impeller of the fifth embodiment was an open type impeller.
  • the structure 14g is connected to the impeller hub 70, an impeller 203 including a plurality of main blades 71, 72, 73, 74 connected in order, and an outer peripheral surface of the main blade 72.
  • a support member 28 that supports the main wing 74.
  • the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the fifth embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14g itself is different, and the step of FIG.
  • the difference is that the reinforcing members 82 and 83 are removed from the structure 14g in the removal step in S4, and the support member 28 is removed from the structure 14g in the removal step in Step S3 of FIG.
  • the structure 14g having the plurality of main wings 71 to 74 and the reinforcing members 82 and 83 is laminated on the base plate 21 using the metal powder.
  • the method includes a structure forming step of forming by a method and a removing step of removing the reinforcing members 82 and 83 from the structure 14g. That is, in the manufacturing process of the impeller 203 according to the present embodiment, the main blades 72 and 73 that are a pair of upper and lower end portions are provided, and one end portion of the reinforcing member 82 is located above the pair of end portions. 14g that is connected to at least a part of the end of the main wing 72 that is the end of the structure.
  • main wings 73 and 74 that are a pair of ends arranged vertically, and one end of the reinforcing member 83 is at least one of the ends of the main wing 73 that is the upper end of the pair of ends.
  • the structure 14g connected to the part is formed.
  • one end of the reinforcing member 83 is connected to at least a part of the end of the one of the plurality of main wings to be layered later (for example, the main wing 73), and the reinforcing member 83 is among the plurality of main wings.
  • the structure 14g is formed so as to be separated from the end of the one to be layered first (for example, the main wing 74), and the other end of the reinforcing member 83 is connected to the base plate 21.
  • the reinforcing member laminated from the base plate supports at least a part of the end portion of the one of the plurality of main wings to be subjected to the additive manufacturing after the additive modeling is applied to the main blade, the main member is first laminated to the main blade. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end of the layered modeling after the modeling. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • step S5 In the impellers 103 and 203 manufactured in step S5, similar to the impeller 3, a laminated step is left on the surface inclined by the laminated surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing, and the laminated surface A mark left by a laser or an electron beam remains on the surface parallel to the. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface.
  • the surface roughness of the surface formed by additive manufacturing is different from that of the machined surface, and the surface roughness of the surface formed by additive manufacturing is Rougher than the machined surface.
  • the structures 14 to 14g are formed by additive manufacturing capable of manufacturing a complicated shape as compared with casting or welding, and a reinforcing member connected to an end portion which is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is latheed.
  • An impeller having a desired shape can be manufactured by performing a cutting process later.
  • the base plate 21 is stacked, but the base plate 21 may be omitted.
  • the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material. In that case, synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or composite material.
  • the powder may be used for additive manufacturing.
  • the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
  • a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment is formed on the base plate by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder.
  • the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam.
  • the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the sixth embodiment.
  • 16 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG.
  • the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2.
  • the impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port faces the suction port 1 a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the inside of the pump casing 1 from the suction port 1 a passes through the impeller 3.
  • the pressure is increased and discharged from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1 to the outside.
  • the impeller 3 is fixed to an end of the pump casing 1 side of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5 a and 5 b incorporated in the bearing body 4.
  • a drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6.
  • FIG. 16 shows a view of the pump casing 1 viewed from the suction port 1a side.
  • FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 17, as viewed from the suction port side.
  • the impeller 3 is composed of an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • the impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that is fixed to the pump shaft 6 and to which the main wing 13 is attached.
  • the impeller hub 10 is formed with an opening 8 into which the pump shaft 6 is fitted.
  • the main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10.
  • the side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13.
  • the main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10.
  • the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side that are adjacent to each other.
  • the flow path 20 defined by the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 and the flow path surface 12b of the side plate 12 is partitioned and formed. Further, FIG. 17 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment.
  • a structure 14 serving as a prototype of an impeller includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and an example.
  • a work margin member 22 connected to the outer surfaces 11a and 12a and the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of both the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • the structure 14 supports the machining allowance member 24 formed inside the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10, the machining allowance member 25 provided so as to cover the lower surface of the opening 8, and the machining allowance member 22.
  • a support member 27 that supports the processing margin member 25.
  • the inner peripheral surface 10b of the impeller hub 10 that forms the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 to which the pump shaft 6 is attached requires surface processing accuracy in order to prevent the pump shaft 6 from being scratched. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable that the processing margin member 24 for cutting is formed inside the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 at the time of additive manufacturing. With this configuration, by cutting and polishing the processing margin member 24, the inner peripheral surface 10b of the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 can be processed to have a smooth surface roughness such as microscopic finish. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the pump shaft 6 from being damaged when the pump shaft 6 is fitted.
  • the structure 14 is provided with an opening 9 communicating with the suction port 1a.
  • the structure 14 is formed on the base plate 21 by an additive manufacturing method using metal powder.
  • the machining margin member 24 is provided on the inner peripheral surface 10b of the impeller hub 10, the upper surface 10c of the impeller hub 10 and the upper surface of the machining margin member 24 are at the same height, and the lower surface 10a of the impeller hub 10 and the lower surface of the machining margin member 24 are At the same height.
  • the width B3 of the end portions (outer peripheral surfaces 11c, 12c) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 of the processing margin member 22 on the discharge side is equal to the outlet width of the flow path 20 (the flow surface 11b of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12).
  • the distance from the flow path surface 12b) B2 is longer.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the bottom surface 22a of the work allowance member 22 and the horizontal plane is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the bottom surface 22a of the work allowance member 22 and the vertical plane is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees.
  • FIG. 20 is a front view of the processing margin member 24 of the structure 14 formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment, as viewed from the suction port side.
  • irregularities 31 are provided on the surface of the processing margin member 24 so that the serial number can be seen. Thereby, the operator can grasp the serial number, and thus, when removing the machining allowance member 24 by cutting, it is possible to suppress the mistake of mistaking the structure.
  • an unevenness A1 in the shape of an arrow is provided on the surface of the workable member 24, and an unevenness 33 showing the diameter is provided so that the diameter of the opening 8 can be seen. Accordingly, when the operator scrapes the working margin member 24, it is possible to easily determine the cutting range.
  • the surface of the processing margin member 24 is provided with irregularities 34 having a shape like a keyhole. Further, the unevenness 35 is provided at the surface position of the processing margin member 23 corresponding to the center of the opening 8. Here, the unevenness 35 has a cross shape. With this, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member 24, it is possible to grind in a state in which the position corresponding to the center of the opening 8 is grasped, and thus it is possible to reduce a grinding error.
  • the surface of the processing allowance member 24 is provided with unevenness 36 indicating the radius of curvature Ra of the processing allowance member 24. Further, the surface of the processing margin member 24 is provided with unevenness 37 showing a dimensional tolerance. As a result, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member 24, he/she can grind it while grasping the radius of curvature Ra and the dimensional tolerance, so that the grinding error can be reduced.
  • the processing margin member 24 has a parameter (for example, a dimension) of a part (for example, the opening 8) of the impeller hub 10 or a shape (for example, a diameter) of the part of the impeller hub 10 (for example, the opening 8).
  • a radius of curvature Ra or a dimensional tolerance is provided on the surface.
  • the above-mentioned unevenness 31, 33 to 37 may be convex from the surface of the processing allowance member 24 or may be recessed from the surface of the processing allowance member 24.
  • the machining allowance member 25 is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the machining allowance member 25 corresponding to the center of the opening 8 and/or machining corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 8. Concavities and convexities may be provided on the surface position of the margin member 25. This allows the operator to easily determine how far to grind the working margin member 25.
  • the machining allowance member 25 has a parameter (for example, a radius of curvature or a dimensional tolerance of a dimension of a part of the impeller hub 10 (for example, the opening 8) or a shape of the impeller hub 10). ) May be provided on the surface of the processing margin member 25.
  • the machining allowance member 22 is provided with irregularities on the surface of the machining allowance member 22 that represent parameters (for example, radius of curvature or dimensional tolerance) relating to the shapes of part of the main plate 11 and the side plates 12. It may be. According to this configuration, when the working allowance members 22 and 25 are shaved, it is possible to carry out the grinding in a state where the parameters related to the size and the shape of the impeller 3 are grasped, and thus it is possible to reduce the cutting error.
  • the support members 26 and 27 are formed so as to have a lower metal density (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object) than the process margin members 22, 24, and 25. May be done. As a result, the amount of metal of the support members 26 and 27 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • a lower metal density for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object
  • the working margin members 22, 24, 25 are formed to have substantially the same metal density as the impeller 3.
  • layered molding with the same metal density as that of the impeller 3 is referred to as actual molding. That is, the processing allowance members 22, 24, 25 are formed by actual molding.
  • the work allowance members 22, 24, 25 can support the end portions (the suction side and the discharge side of the impeller) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 with the same strength as the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. The deformation of the end portion 12 can be suppressed.
  • the heat during modeling cannot be radiated well, the result is deformation.
  • the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 do not have the processing margin 22 or when the supporting member 26 having a metal density lower than that of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 comes into contact with the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are in contact with air and are less likely to radiate heat. In this way, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are prevented from being deformed because the processing margins 22 having the same metal density are in contact with each other, so that heat dissipation is promoted as compared with the case of contact with air.
  • the actual shape that is laminated next to the support member with a low space or metal density is easily deformed by gravity. Therefore, it is preferable that the working margin members 22 and 25, which are removed by post-processing even if deformed, are laminated next to the support members 26 and 27.
  • the bottom surface 22a of the machining allowance member 22 is preferably inclined from the horizontal plane. That is, ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 may be designed so that the laminated area per layer when the layer including the bottom surface 22a of the processing margin member 22 is formed is equal to or smaller than a predetermined area.
  • the predetermined area is determined by various conditions such as a metal material. For example, titanium has a larger area than stainless steel. Furthermore, if the processing margin member 22 is made smaller by ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, the amount of material discarded after processing can be reduced.
  • the angle of the center line X (see FIG. 19) of the pump shaft 6 with respect to the horizontal plane at the time of modeling is 90 degrees.
  • the angle of the center line X of the pump shaft 6 with respect to the horizontal plane at the time of modeling may be an arbitrary angle.
  • the area of the horizontal plane of the working margin to be laminated next to the supporting member is smaller than the area of the horizontal plane of the impeller 3 to be laminated next to the machining margin. Is also preferably small.
  • the shape of the impeller 3 laminated next to the machining allowance is stabilized.
  • the structure 14 is provided with the processing margin members 22 and 25 on the outer side of the impeller 3, and the machining margin is designed into a shape suitable for additive manufacturing, whereby the impeller 3 having an accurate shape can be manufactured. ..
  • FIG. 21A is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a method for manufacturing an impeller according to the sixth embodiment.
  • Step S1 First, the structure 14 which is the prototype of the impeller 3 according to the present embodiment is formed on the horizontal base plate 21 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder (for example, titanium or stainless steel). ..
  • Step S2 the structure 14 is peeled off from the base plate 21.
  • the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 with pliers.
  • the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 by machining. Since the support members 26 and 27 that are in contact with the base plate 21 have a lower metal density than the actual shape, the structure 14 can be easily peeled from the base plate 21.
  • Step S3 the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14.
  • the metal of which the structure 14 is made is titanium
  • the support members 26 and 27 may be removed from the structure 14 with pliers.
  • the metal forming the structure 14 is stainless steel
  • the supporting members 26 and 27 may be removed from the structure 14 by machining.
  • the step S3 of removing the supporting members 26 and 27 may be omitted.
  • Step S4 the processing margin members 22, 24, 25 are removed from the structure 14.
  • the machining margins 22, 24, 25 may be removed by cutting the surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and the opening 8 which is the axial hole of the impeller hub 10 with a lathe or the like.
  • the processing machine particularly the tool blade
  • it is preferable that the surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 on which the lathe processing is performed and the processing margins 22, 24, and 25 with which the opening 8 that is the shaft hole of the impeller hub 10 come into contact are formed by actual molding.
  • Step S5 the structure 14 in the shape of the impeller 3 is polished.
  • the surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and the opening 8 which is the axial hole of the impeller hub 10 may be polished at the same time as the workable members 22, 24 and 25 are removed by lathe processing.
  • the flow path 20 may be polished with a fluid such as scrub.
  • step S3 and step S4 may be reversed, and may be performed simultaneously or in parallel.
  • the impeller 3 in the impeller 3 manufactured in step S5, a stacking step remains on a surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing that is inclined with respect to the stacking surface, and a laser or electron beam is formed on a surface parallel to the stacking surface. A coating mark due to etc. remains. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface.
  • the impeller 3 includes the flow path surfaces (flow path surfaces 11b and 12b, the front surface 13a and the back surface 13b of the main wing 13) formed by additive manufacturing, and the machined surfaces (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c and the outer surface). The surface roughness is different from that of the surfaces 11a and 12a).
  • the surface roughness of the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 is rougher than that of the outer surfaces 11a and 12a.
  • the surface roughness Sa of the flow path surface 11b (upper surface of the flow path surface) of the main plate 11 is 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m while the surface roughness Sa is 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the surface roughness Sa is 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the additive manufacturing is additive manufacturing as compared with casting or welding, a complicated flow path can be formed, and further, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 that is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is a lathe or the like.
  • the impeller 3 having a desired shape can be manufactured by cutting from.
  • FIG. 21B is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the structure forming method of step S1 of FIG. 21A.
  • Step S110 First, the support members 26 and 27 are molded by additive manufacturing.
  • Step S120 Next, the lower machining allowance member 22 is formed on the support member 26 by additive manufacturing, and the machining allowance member 25 is formed on the support member 27 by additive manufacturing.
  • Step S130 Next, the impeller 3 is molded. Specifically, the impeller hub 10 and the processing margin member 24 are molded by additive manufacturing, and the main plate 11 is shaped by additive molding together with the processing margin member 22 on the outer peripheral side of the main plate 11.
  • the main wing 13 is formed on the impeller hub 10 by additive manufacturing, and the processing margin member 22 is further formed on the outer peripheral side of the main wing 13 by additive manufacturing.
  • the side plate 12 is formed on the main wing 13 by additive manufacturing.
  • Step S140 Next, the processing margin member 22 is formed on the side plate 12.
  • the third step (S130) is performed, and the structure 14 is provided on at least one vertical line of the structure 14 (for example, the vertical line of A of FIG. 19), the first step, the second step, the Layered modeling is performed in the order of 3 steps.
  • the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the impeller 3 is supported by the machining allowance member.
  • the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the machining allowance member 22 supports the main plate 11 of the impeller 3. For this reason, since the impeller 3 is supported from below, deformation in the manufacturing process of the impeller 3 can be suppressed.
  • the main plate 11, the side plate 12, the plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are connected.
  • a structure forming step for forming a structure having the processed margin members 22, 24, 25 by the additive manufacturing method; and a removing step for removing the margin members 22, 24, 25 from the structure 14. Have.
  • the working margin members 22, 24, 25 are provided on the impeller hub 10, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12, so that the end portions of the impeller hub 10, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are not deformed in the manufacturing process. Can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • the structure 14 further includes a support member 26, and in the structure forming step, the support member 26 is formed on the base plate 21, and thereafter, the processing margin member 22 is a support member.
  • the main plate 11 that is formed on the processing margin member 26 is formed on the processing margin member 22.
  • the main plate 11 that is formed first by the additive manufacturing method among the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 is formed.
  • the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the main plate 11 is supported by the machining allowance member 22, so that deformation of the main plate 11 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • processing margin member 22 has been described as an example that is connected to both the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 and supports the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12. May be connected to only one of them. That is, in the present embodiment, the processing margin member 22 may be formed on at least one of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 in the structure forming step of step S1 of FIG.
  • the processing margin member 22 is formed on the side plate 12 of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is formed later by the additive manufacturing method. Thereby, the deformation of the side plate 12 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • the opening 8 is formed in the impeller hub 10, and the processing margin member 24 is formed inside the opening 8 in the structure forming step of step S1 of FIG.
  • the inner side of the impeller hub 10 is supported by the processing margin member 24, so that the deformation of the impeller hub 10 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure according to a modified example of the sixth embodiment.
  • the structure of the sixth embodiment has been described as the side plate 12 stacked on the main plate 11, the structure 14b according to the modification of the sixth embodiment has the main plate 11 above the side plate 12. Are different in that they are laminated.
  • a structure 14b that is a prototype of an impeller includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and an example. And a work margin member 22b connected to the outer surfaces 11a and 12a and the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of both the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. Further, the structure 14b includes a work allowance member 23b which covers the opening 9 and is connected to the work allowance member 22b, a work allowance member 24 formed inside the opening 8, and a part of the opening 8.
  • a machining allowance member 25b stacked on the upper side of the impeller hub 10 and connected to the machining allowance member 22b, a support member 26b for supporting the machining allowance member 22b, and a support member 27b for supporting the machining allowance member 23b. ..
  • the structure 14b is formed on the base plate 21 by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder.
  • the width B4 on the discharge side ends (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 of the processing margin member 22b is the outlet width of the flow path 20 (the distance between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12). ) Longer than B2.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 of the support member 26b is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees, and the angle ⁇ 4 of the support member 26b is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees.
  • the surface of the workable members 22b, 23b, 25b be provided with unevenness so that the serial number can be seen.
  • the surface of the processing allowance member 23b is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the processing allowance member 23b corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 9.
  • the surface of the processing allowance member 25b is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the processing allowance member 25b corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 8. This allows the operator to easily determine how far to grind the working margin members 23b and 25b.
  • the workable members 23b and 25b are provided with unevenness in the shape of an arrow on the surface thereof so that the diameter of the opening 9 or the diameter of the opening 8 can be seen. It is preferable that unevenness indicating the diameter is provided. This allows the operator to easily determine the cutting range when cutting the working margin members 23b and 25b.
  • unevenness capable of grasping the center of the opening 9 is provided at the surface position of the machining allowance member 23b, and similarly, unevenness capable of grasping the center of the opening 8 is provided at the surface position of the machining allowance member 25b. It is preferable. Thereby, when the operator grinds the machining allowance members 23b and 25b, he/she can grind while grasping the position corresponding to the center of the opening 9 or the position corresponding to the center of the opening 8, so that a grinding error can be prevented. It can be reduced.
  • the surfaces of the work allowance members 23b, 25b are provided with unevenness indicating the radius of curvature of the work allowance members 23b, 25b.
  • the surfaces of the workable members 23b and 25b are provided with irregularities showing dimensional tolerances.
  • the support members 26b and 27b may be formed to have a lower metal density than the workable members 22b, 23b, and 25b, for example. Thereby, the amount of metal of the support members 26b and 27b can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • the working margin members 22b, 23b, 25b are formed to have substantially the same metal density as the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. Thereby, similarly to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 on the outer peripheral surface 11c, 12c side.
  • the impeller 3 includes a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a main wing 13, and a flow passage defined by the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13.
  • the flow path 20 is formed by additive manufacturing, and the outer surfaces 11a and 12a of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are formed by cutting.
  • the flow passage surfaces 11b and 12b that define the flow passage 20 have different surface roughnesses from the outer surfaces 11a and 12a.
  • the flow path surfaces 11b and 12b have a surface roughness obtained by sintering with a laser or the like, and are rougher than the outer surfaces 11a and 12a cut by a lathe or the like. According to this structure, a complicated flow path can be formed by additive manufacturing, and the surface is ground by cutting, so that an impeller with an emphasis on pump efficiency can be formed.
  • the method of manufacturing the impeller has been described for the closed impeller.
  • the method of manufacturing the impeller is not limited to the closed impeller, and the method of manufacturing the impeller is open. It is also applicable to impellers and non-clock type impellers.
  • the method for manufacturing the impeller is to form a structure having an impeller and a processing margin member connected to the surface of the impeller by an additive manufacturing method. A structure forming step and a removing step of removing the processing margin member from the structure are performed, and the processing margin member is shaped with substantially the same density as the impeller in the structure forming step.
  • the machining allowance member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, so that the surface deformation of the impeller can be suppressed.
  • the base plate 21 is stacked, but the base plate 21 may be omitted.
  • the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material. In that case, synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or composite material.
  • the powder may be used for additive manufacturing.
  • the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
  • a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment is formed on the base plate by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder.
  • the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam.
  • the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
  • FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the seventh embodiment.
  • 24 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG.
  • the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2.
  • the impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port faces the suction port 1 a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the inside of the pump casing 1 from the suction port 1 a passes through the impeller 3.
  • the pressure is increased and discharged from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1 to the outside.
  • the impeller 3 is fixed to an end portion of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5a and 5b incorporated in a bearing body 4 on the pump casing 1 side.
  • a drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6.
  • FIG. 24 shows a view of the pump casing 1 seen from the suction port 1a side.
  • FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. FIG. 25 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • FIG. 26 is a partially cut front view of the impeller according to the first example of the seventh embodiment as seen from the suction port side of FIG. 25.
  • the impeller 3 includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
  • the impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that is fixed to the pump shaft 6 and to which the main wing 13 is attached.
  • the main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10.
  • the side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13.
  • the main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10.
  • the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side.
  • the flow paths 20 are divided and formed.
  • the material used in the additive manufacturing of the impeller is titanium. This is because titanium is unlikely to cause defective molding, and therefore, defective molding is unlikely to occur even if there is a relatively large distance d1 between the adjacent main wings 13. Further, by not providing the intermediate wing between the main wings 13, the material used can be reduced.
  • FIG. 27 is a partially cut front view of the impeller according to the second example of the seventh embodiment as viewed from the suction port side of FIG. 25.
  • the impeller according to the second embodiment of FIG. 27 has two main blades arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and adjacent to each other, as compared with the impeller according to the first embodiment of FIG. A plurality of intermediate blades 14 provided between the two are provided.
  • the impeller according to the second embodiment of FIG. 27 is an impeller having the same diameter as the impeller according to the first embodiment of FIG. 26 and formed by the same means in additive manufacturing.
  • the distance between the intermediate wing 14 and the adjacent main wing 13 is separated by a distance d at each point of the contour of the intermediate wing 14.
  • This distance d is determined within a range equal to or less than a limit distance D at which deformation does not occur in the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 in additive manufacturing.
  • the limit distance D is determined according to the material used for additive manufacturing, the additive manufacturing method, and the like.
  • the material used in the additive manufacturing of the impeller is stainless steel.
  • stainless steel is more likely to cause defective molding, and the impeller has a larger distance between the adjacent main blades 13 toward the outer periphery. Therefore, by additionally providing the intermediate blades 14 in the flow passage 20, they are adjacent to each other. By supporting the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 with the intermediate wing 14 between the main wings 13, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 in the additive manufacturing process.
  • the limit distance D1 of titanium which is the material of the impeller 3 of the first embodiment
  • the limit distance D2 of stainless steel which is the material of the impeller 3 of the second embodiment (D1>D2). Therefore, in the first embodiment, the maximum distance d0 between the adjacent main wings 13 (the length of the circumference of the main plate 11 between the adjacent main wings 13) is equal to or less than the limit distance D1 (d0 ⁇ D1) of titanium.
  • the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 can be supported only by the main wing 13.
  • the maximum distance d0 between the adjacent main blades 13 is larger than the limit distance D2 (d0>D2) of stainless steel.
  • the intermediate blade 14 is provided and the main blade 11 is attached to the intermediate blade 14.
  • the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are prevented from being deformed in the additive manufacturing process. If it is necessary to support the suction side (center side of the blade) due to the large diameter of the blade, the main blade may be added instead of the intermediate blade.
  • FIG. 28 is an example of a pump selection diagram.
  • the horizontal axis represents the discharge amount of the pump and the vertical axis represents the total head.
  • selectable areas are assigned to each model (that is, model A, model B, model C). For example, when the customer request is the discharge amount and the total head at the operating point X, the model B is selected as the pump.
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram of an impeller manufacturing system according to the seventh embodiment.
  • FIG. 30 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the total head and the discharge flow rate in the selected pump model.
  • the impeller manufacturing system S1 includes an information processing device 7 and an additive manufacturing machine 8.
  • the information processing device 7 includes a storage 71, a memory 72, an input interface 73, an output interface 74, a communication module 75, and a processor 76.
  • the storage 71 stores the program and various data according to the seventh embodiment to be read and executed by the processor 76.
  • the storage 71 is a non-volatile memory, such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a flash memory.
  • the memory 72 temporarily holds data and programs.
  • the memory 72 is a volatile memory and is, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
  • the input interface 73 is a GUI (Graphical User Interface) and receives input from the user.
  • the output interface 74 is connected to the additive manufacturing machine 8 and outputs a signal to the additive manufacturing machine. In one embodiment, the output interface 74 may also function as a GUI (Graphical User Interface).
  • the communication module 75 is connected to the network and communicates with other computers connected to the network. In one embodiment, the communication module 75 may be networked with the additive manufacturing machine 8 to output signals to the additive manufacturing machine.
  • the processor 76 loads the program according to the seventh embodiment from the storage 71 into the memory 72, and executes a series of instructions included in the program, whereby the pump model selection unit 760, the outer diameter determination unit 761, and the shape determination. It functions as the unit 762, the performance calculation unit 763, the determination unit 764, and the determination unit 765 again.
  • the impeller design system S11 according to the seventh embodiment includes the outer diameter determination unit 761, the shape determination unit 762, the performance calculation unit 763, the determination unit 764, and the determination unit 765 again.
  • the pump selection unit 760 selects, from a plurality of pump model groups, a pump model that satisfies the customer request input by the user via the input interface 73, for example.
  • the pump selection unit 760 can be used for purposes (land pumps, submersible pumps, etc.), pumped liquids (fresh water, sewage, filth, miscellaneous drainage, seawater, etc.), installation conditions (vertical, horizontal, self-priming, portable, etc.) Select a pump that meets customer requirements such as pump performance (lift, water volume, shaft power, etc.).
  • the storage 71 is a data table or a selection program that can select a pump model group corresponding to the use, pumping, installation condition, etc.
  • Model C constitutes one pump model group.
  • a pump selection diagram (for example, Fig. 28) showing the selection range for each, a representative performance curve for each pump model, etc. is stored, and the selected application, pumping, and installation status are stored. From the pump selection diagram (for example, FIG. 28) of the pump model group selected from a plurality of pump model groups, etc., the customer's requested head and discharge flow rate (for example, operating point X in FIG. 28) are within the selected range.
  • a pump model (pump model B in the example of FIG. 28) is selected.
  • the outer diameter determination unit 761 determines the outer diameter of the impeller used for the pump by using the selected pump model and the relationship between the blade diameter and the operating point. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, as the outer shape of the blade becomes smaller, the discharge flow rate and the total head become smaller. The discharge flow rate is proportional to the m-th power of the outer shape ratio of the blades, and the lift is proportional to the n-th power of the outer shape ratio of the blades (m and n are constants determined by the pump model and the shape of the impeller).
  • the storage 71 stores a data table or a calculation formula indicating the relationship between the blade diameter and the operating point, and the outer diameter determination unit 761 determines the pump model and the lift required for the pump based on the calculation formula or the data table. The outer diameter of the impeller 3 that satisfies the discharge flow rate is determined.
  • the shape determining unit 762 determines the optimum design shape of the impeller for additive manufacturing of the impeller. Specifically, the shape determining unit (design changing unit) 762 changes the design of the impeller based on the information of the impeller so as to add an intermediate blade required for additive manufacturing of the impeller. For example, the shape determining unit 762 uses the impeller of the pump model B selected by the pump selecting unit 760 and the information on the material of the impeller 3 to determine the intermediate blade 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13. Determine the shape and layout.
  • the material of the impeller may be a standard material determined by the pump model, or may be changed according to the customer's request such as a special purpose.
  • the storage 71 stores the shape of the impeller (the number and arrangement of the main blades) for each pump model, and a data table or a relational expression indicating the relationship between the impeller material and the limit distance D.
  • the shape determining unit 762 determines the shape, the arrangement mode, and the number of intermediate blades 14 to be added when the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, based on the shape of the impeller and the limit distance D. ..
  • the intermediate blades 14 of the adjacent main blades 13 are By disposing it between them, the deformation of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, so that defective formation can be suppressed.
  • the shape determining unit 762 uses the information on the distance d between the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed and the material of the impeller to determine whether or not the intermediate blade 14 is necessary. (For example, it is determined whether the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D according to the material of the impeller) and the intermediate blade 14 is required (for example, between the main wings 13).
  • the intermediate blade 14 When the distance d exceeds the limit distance), the intermediate blade 14 is added, and when the intermediate blade 14 is not necessary (for example, when the distance d between the main blades 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance), the pump selection unit The shape of the impeller 3 is determined by the main wing 13 of the pump model selected by 760. As a result, the intermediate blade is added so that the distance on the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades 13 becomes smaller than the predetermined allowable distance that differs depending on the material of the impeller.
  • the impeller is a closed impeller as shown in FIG. 27, the laminated surface between the main blades is the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 of the impeller formed after the main blade 13.
  • the main blade 13 When the distance d between the main blades 13 exceeds the limit distance, formation defects are suppressed by molding the intermediate blades 14, and when the distance d between the main blades 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance, selection is performed.
  • the procedure of fluid analysis can be omitted and the number of design steps can be reduced.
  • the performance calculation unit 763 performs fluid analysis with the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added.
  • this fluid analysis is, for example, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), and may be performed by a known simulation.
  • the performance calculation unit 763 may perform fluid analysis only on the influence of the intermediate blade 14 and reflect the fluid analysis result on the performance curve. As a result, the number of man-hours for fluid analysis can be reduced and more accurate analysis results can be obtained.
  • the fluid analysis result of the pump model B using the impeller 3 with the additional intermediate blade 14 is compared with the performance curve diagram of the pump model B with the impeller 3 before the additional intermediate blade 14 is added. You may. As a result, it is possible to compare the performance of the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added because it is formed by the additive manufacturing and the impeller 3 without the intermediate blade 14 formed by, for example, casting.
  • FIG. 30 shows a selection range in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added for forming by additive manufacturing.
  • the performance calculation unit 763 determines the selection range C1 (see FIG. 30A) in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added.
  • the selection range is within a range in which the pump performance can be guaranteed, and may be determined based on the highest efficiency point of the pump performance, for example. For example, the range of the head and the discharge flow rate within ⁇ 10% of the maximum efficiency point of the pump performance.
  • the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the fluid analysis result (for example, the lift and the discharge flow rate) satisfies the required level.
  • the request level is, for example, the operating point X which is the lift and discharge flow rate requested by the customer. As shown in FIG. 30(A), the determination unit 764 determines that the operating point X falls within the selection range C1 in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blades 14 are added for forming by additive manufacturing.
  • the output interface 74 is controlled to output a signal including the determined outer diameter of the impeller and the determined shape of the impeller to the additive manufacturing machine 8.
  • the additive manufacturing machine 8 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the determined number of the main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3, or the number of the main blades 13 and the number of the intermediate blades 14 to generate the blades. Add car 3 to the model. With this configuration, it is possible to ensure that the additive manufacturing can be performed while the lift and the discharge flow rate satisfy the required levels, and it is possible to suppress the formation failure in the additive manufacturing.
  • the determining unit 765 selects when the fluid analysis result (for example, the lift and the discharge flow rate) does not satisfy the required level, that is, the operating point X requested by the customer is the fluid analysis result, as shown in FIG. Outside the range C1′, the design shape of the impeller 3 is changed, and the fluid is analyzed again with the changed design shape to determine again the relationship between the head and the discharge flow rate.
  • the change in the design shape of the impeller is, for example, the change in the shape of the intermediate blade, the change in the outer diameter of the impeller 3, and/or the change in the blade angle of the main blade 13 and/or the intermediate blade 14.
  • FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining a case where the outer diameter of the impeller is changed to be larger.
  • the outer diameter of the impeller is increased so that the selection point C1′ falls within the selection range C1′.
  • Operating point X may enter.
  • the outer diameter of the impeller 3 is increased to the broken line 121 as shown by the arrow A1
  • the distance of the main wing 13 on the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11 increases from L1 to L2. This may cause deformation of the main plate on the outer peripheral surface side and/or the side plate on the outer peripheral surface side during additive manufacturing.
  • the determining unit 765 again determines the relationship between the lift and the discharge flow rate, for example, when changing the design shape of the impeller 3.
  • the design shape of the intermediate blade 14 is changed (for example, the intermediate blade 14 is extended to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the impeller 3).
  • the determining unit 765 determines again whether or not the modified design shape can be additively manufactured (whether or not the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D), and additive manufacturing can be performed (between the main wings 13).
  • the selected range is determined again by performing a fluid analysis again with the changed design shape.
  • the intermediate blade 14 is extended to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the impeller 3 to enable additive manufacturing with the changed design shape. You can According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress the formation failure in the layered manufacturing while ensuring that the layered manufacturing can be performed even when the outer diameter of the impeller 3 after the change is larger than the outer diameter before the change.
  • the determining unit 765 may change the performance by changing the blade angles of the main wing 13 and/or the intermediate wing 14 again. Generally, the flow rate of a pump changes almost in proportion to the blade angle for a certain head. Therefore, the blade angles of the main wing 13 and/or the intermediate wing 14 may be changed so as to satisfy the operating point X desired by the customer.
  • the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the shape of the impeller 3 determined again by the determination unit 765 satisfies the required level. When the shape of the impeller 3 determined again satisfies the required level, the determination unit 764 outputs the signal including the information about the changed design shape of the impeller 3 to the additive manufacturing machine 8. Control 74. After that, the additive manufacturing machine 8 performs additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 with the changed design shape of the impeller 3. According to this configuration, the impeller 3 is layered and molded with the design shape of the impeller 3 changed for each customer's request. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the impeller satisfying the individual required level in a short delivery time as compared with the case where the impeller is manufactured by casting or welding.
  • the impeller design system S11 uses the lift required for the pump and the discharge flow rate required for the pump to determine the outer diameter of the impeller used for the pump.
  • the outer diameter determining unit 761 that determines the outer diameter of the impeller 3 that has been determined, and the information on the metal material that is used when the impeller 3 is additively manufactured, the impeller 3 is additively manufactured.
  • a shape determining unit 762 that determines the number of main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3 or the number of intermediate blades 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13 necessary for the above.
  • the intermediate blades 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the main plate 11 Since the deformation of the side plate 12 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, defective formation can be suppressed.
  • the manufacturing system S1 of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment uses the lift required for the pump and the discharge flow rate required for the pump to determine the outer diameter of the impeller 3 used for the pump.
  • An outer diameter determining unit 761 that determines Further, the impeller manufacturing system S1 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the information on the metal material used for additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 to perform additive manufacturing of the impeller 3.
  • a shape determining unit 762 that determines the number of main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3 or the number of intermediate blades 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13 necessary for the above.
  • the impeller manufacturing system S1 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller, the number of main wings 13 provided in the impeller 3, or the number of main wings 13 and the number of intermediate wings 14, A performance calculation unit 763 is provided that determines the relationship between the head and the discharge flow rate by performing fluid analysis. Further, in the impeller manufacturing system S1, the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the determined main blade 13 provided in the impeller 3 when the determined head and discharge flow rate satisfy the required levels. Or the number of the main blades 13 and the number of the intermediate blades 14 are included in the laminate molding machine 8 that laminate-molds the impeller 3.
  • the intermediate blades 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the main plate 11 Since the deformation of the side plate 12 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, defective formation can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventh embodiment.
  • the flowchart of FIG. 32 is implemented by the design system S1.
  • Step S110 First, for example, the manufacturer of the impeller 3 inputs a customer request using the input interface 73.
  • the customer request includes at least one of the above-mentioned customer requirements (use, pumping, installation status, performance, operating point X, etc.). That is, the input interface 73 receives a customer request from a manufacturer. As a result, the processor 76 acquires the customer request.
  • the operating point X of the customer request is input as the customer request.
  • Step S120 the pump model selection unit 760 selects a pump model that satisfies the customer's request input in step S110. Specifically, the pump model B corresponding to the operating point X is selected from the corresponding pump selection diagram (here, FIG. 28).
  • Step S130 the shape determination unit 762 determines whether or not the impeller having the outer diameter determined in step S120 can be layered (for example, whether or not the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D). Or whether the size of the impeller 3 is less than or equal to the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine).
  • Step S140 In step S130, the impeller used in the selected pump model cannot be additively manufactured (the distance d between the main wings 13>the limit distance D, and the size of the impeller 3 is the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine. If it is determined that the above), the shape determining unit 762 uses the impeller of the pump model B selected by the pump selecting unit 760 and the information on the material of the impeller 3 to determine the distance between the adjacent main blades 13. The shape and arrangement of the intermediate blades 14 provided in the. If the size of the impeller 3 is equal to or larger than the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine, the performance is adjusted by changing the number of blades or the blade angle instead of reducing the outer diameter of the impeller.
  • Step S150 the performance calculation unit 763 performs fluid analysis with the impeller 3 whose shape has been changed in step S140 (for example, the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 has been added).
  • Step S160 the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, it is determined whether the operating point X is included in the usage range, and if the operating point X is included in the usage range (FIG. 30(A)), the customer is If the demand is satisfied, and the operating point X is outside the usage range (FIG. 30B), it is determined that the customer's demand is not satisfied.
  • Step S170 When the fluid analysis result does not satisfy the customer's request in step S160 (step S160: NO), the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the selected pump model B cannot be supported. That is, if it is determined that the operating point X is not included in the operating range even if the blade diameter or the blade angle is changed, the selected pump model B cannot be used. The model is selected.
  • Step S180 In step S170, if the selected pump model is not compatible, the determining unit 765 changes the design shape of the impeller 3 again. Then, returning to step S150, the fluid analysis is executed again with the changed design shape of the impeller 3. In the seventh embodiment, the determining unit 765 changes the design shape of the impeller 3 again, and then the process returns to step S150. In one embodiment, the determining unit 765 may change the design shape of the impeller 3 again, and then the process may return to step S130.
  • Step S190 When it is determined that the impeller can be additively manufactured in step S130, or when the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request in step S160 (operation in which the selection range based on the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request)
  • the processor 76 controls the additive manufacturing machine 8 via the output interface 74 so that the additive manufacturing is performed. Note that this control may be executed manually. As a result, the additive manufacturing machine 8 effects additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 that satisfies the customer's request.
  • step S190 the outer periphery of the laminated molding impeller 3 is cut by a lathe or the like.
  • the laminated impeller 3 has its outer periphery cut by a lathe or the like. That is, in the case of FIG. 30(A), the outer diameter of ⁇ 180 or more (for example, the outer diameter of ⁇ 210) is layered and manufactured, and then the outer diameter is ⁇ 180 by cutting, so that the operating point X requested by the customer is set. Meet However, this cutting process may be omitted, and an impeller having an outer diameter of ⁇ 180 may be formed by additive manufacturing.
  • the design method of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment is the design method of the impeller of the pump, and the impeller includes the plurality of main blades 13 that give the pumping liquid energy, and the information of the impeller is provided.
  • the design change process for changing the design of the impeller so that the impeller is laminated and manufactured.
  • the design in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the design can be changed so that the impeller is additive manufactured. Therefore, deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus formation defects can be suppressed. can do.
  • the design of the impeller is changed so as to add the intermediate blade necessary for additive manufacturing of the impeller.
  • the intermediate wings 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the blades are Since deformation during the additive manufacturing of the vehicle can be suppressed, formation defects can be suppressed.
  • the information on the impeller is obtained between the information on the material of the impeller and the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed.
  • the design of the impeller is changed so as to add the intermediate blade between the adjacent main blades.
  • the distance between the main blades 13 and the intermediate blades can be set according to the distance between the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed and the material of the impeller. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
  • an intermediate distance is set so that the distance in the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades is shorter than a predetermined allowable distance that varies depending on the material of the impeller. Modify the impeller design to add additional blades. According to this configuration, the distance between the main blade 13 and the intermediate blade 14 can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller, so that the deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing is suppressed. You can
  • the impeller is a closed impeller
  • the laminated surface between the main blades is a main plate of the impeller formed after the main blades or It is a side plate.
  • the distance between the main wing 13 and the intermediate wing 14 can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
  • the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment further includes a step of performing a fluid analysis on the pump including the impeller provided with the intermediate blade, after the design change step.
  • the additive manufacturing machine when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis includes an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement, the additive manufacturing machine is configured to perform additive manufacturing. It has a controlling step. With this configuration, when the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request due to the design change, the impeller can be manufactured with the design.
  • the impeller design method when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement, information about the material of the impeller and the impeller It further includes a step of changing at least one of the designed shapes and performing a fluid analysis again after the change (corresponding to steps S180 and S150 after NO in step S160 of FIG. 32).
  • the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment includes a step of selecting a pump model from a plurality of pump model groups according to a customer's request (corresponding to step S120 in FIG. 32) and the result of the fluid analysis. If the selection range according to (1) does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer request, the step of reselecting the selected pump model (corresponding to step S120 after YES in step S170 of FIG. 32) is further included. With this configuration, it is possible to satisfy the customer's request by reselecting the pump model.
  • the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material.
  • synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or Additive molding may be performed using the powder of the composite material.
  • the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
  • the impeller design system S1 described in the above embodiment may be configured by hardware or software.
  • a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the impeller design system S1 may be stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk or a CD-ROM and read by a computer to be executed. ..
  • the recording medium is not limited to a removable medium such as a magnetic disk or an optical disk, but may be a fixed recording medium such as a hard disk device or a memory.
  • a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the impeller design system S1 may be distributed via a communication line (including wireless communication) such as the Internet. Further, the program may be distributed in the state of being encrypted, modulated, or compressed, via a wired line or wireless line such as the Internet or stored in a recording medium.
  • a communication line including wireless communication
  • the program may be distributed in the state of being encrypted, modulated, or compressed, via a wired line or wireless line such as the Internet or stored in a recording medium.
  • the impeller design system S1 may be operated by one or more information processing devices.
  • one of the information processing devices may be a computer, and the computer may execute a predetermined program to realize a function as at least one means of the impeller design system S1. Good.
  • all steps may be automatically controlled by a computer. Further, the progress control between the steps may be performed manually by a human while causing the computer to execute each step. Furthermore, at least a part of all the steps may be carried out manually.
  • a general cast impeller may be manufactured by using a standard mold, and then the impeller diameter may be reduced by post-processing in order to finely adjust the pump performance.
  • the impeller of Patent Document 1 is curved to the hub side from the blade inlet to a predetermined position of the blade, and is curved to the opposite side of the hub from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade outlet. Further, the distance between adjacent blades gradually increases from the blade inlet to a position near the center of the blade, and becomes narrower from the position near the center of the blade toward the blade outlet.
  • the curved impeller has a problem that it is difficult to adjust the performance by post-processing such as reducing the blade diameter.
  • post-processing such as reducing the blade diameter.
  • a mold is created for each performance, which increases the manufacturing cost.
  • a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to each of the embodiments is formed by the additive manufacturing method.
  • powder of a material such as metal or resin arranged according to a desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam.
  • thermal energy such as laser or electron beam.
  • FIG. 33 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a pump device including an impeller according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the pump device shown in FIG. 33 is an example, and the impeller according to the eighth embodiment can be applied to any type of pump device.
  • the pump device shown in FIG. 33 includes a motor unit 12 that houses the motor 10 therein, and a pump unit 16 that houses the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment is a centrifugal impeller as an example.
  • a main shaft 18 is inserted through the inside of the motor unit 12 and the pump unit 16, and an impeller 14 is attached to the lower end of the main shaft 18.
  • the power of the motor 10 of the motor unit 12 is transmitted to the impeller 14 of the pump unit 16, and the impeller 14 rotates integrally with the main shaft 18.
  • the pump unit 16 includes a casing 24 having a suction port 20 and a discharge port 22 and an intermediate casing 25 housed in the casing 24.
  • the impeller 14 described above is provided inside the casing 24 as the suction port.
  • An impeller inlet 1 is housed so as to face downward.
  • the intermediate casing 25 has an opening 25a at its lower end so that the interior of the intermediate casing 25 communicates with the interior of the casing 24.
  • the suction port 20 is located on one side surface of the casing 24, and the suction port 20 communicates with the inside of the casing 24.
  • the discharge port 22 is located on the side surface of the casing 24 opposite to the suction port 20, and the discharge port 22 communicates with the inside of the intermediate casing 25.
  • a casing cover 26 for covering the opening of the intermediate casing 25 is attached between the intermediate casing 25 and the motor unit 12, and the pressure water of the pump unit 16 leaks to the central portion of the casing cover 26 to prevent the motor from leaking.
  • a mechanical seal 28 is disposed as a water sealing device that prevents the water from entering the portion 12.
  • the power of the motor 10 is transmitted to the impeller 14 attached to the lower end of the main shaft 18, and the impeller 14 imparts energy to the fluid (liquid) in the casing 24.
  • the fluid is pumped. Therefore, when the motor 10 is driven to rotate the impeller 14, the fluid is sucked from the suction port 20 into the casing 24 to be pressurized and discharged from the discharge port 22.
  • FIG. 34A is an example of a meridional sectional view of a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the meridional section is a plane including the axis of the rotation axis of the impeller 14.
  • FIG. 34B is an enlarged view of the region R1 of FIG. 34A.
  • FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow R2 of the impeller shown in FIG. 34A.
  • FIG. 34A is an example of the structure 30 formed on the base plate 33 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder. As shown in FIG.
  • the structure 30 is provided on the impeller 14, the reinforcing member 6 that is connected to the impeller outlet 2 that is the discharge port of the impeller 14, and the reinforcing member that is provided on the base plate 33.
  • a first support member 31 that supports 6 and a second support member 32 that is provided on the base plate 33 and supports the impeller 14 are provided.
  • the first support member 31 supports the reinforcing member 6, the shape of the reinforcing member 6 during the additive manufacturing is stabilized, and thus the shroud to which the reinforcing member 6 is connected and the impeller of the hub.
  • the shape on the outlet side is stable.
  • the impeller 14 includes a plurality of blades 3, a shroud 4 that forms a side plate, and a hub 5 that forms a main plate.
  • the hub 5 forms a main plate together with the impeller hub 7 that is a portion that fixes the blade 3 to the main shaft.
  • the side supported by the blade 3 is a side plate, and the side wall forming the impeller 14 is connected to the impeller hub 7 that is a part that fixes the impeller blades to the main shaft.
  • the impeller 14 is a closed impeller having a side plate.
  • the shroud 4 and the hub 5 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller.
  • the blade 3 is arranged between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 in the axial direction of the impeller 14, and is further arranged between the impeller inlet 1 on the central side and the impeller outlet 2 on the outer peripheral side. These blades 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the central portion of the impeller 14 and extend spirally toward the outside. As shown in FIG. 34A, in the meridional section, the curve on the shroud 4 side that forms the flow path curves toward the hub 5 side from the blade inlet to a predetermined position of the blade (for example, the position X in FIG. 34A). , From the predetermined position of the blade (for example, the position of X in FIG.
  • the hub 5 or/and the shroud 4 of the impeller 14 are inclined from the horizontal plane from the predetermined position toward the outer periphery in the meridional plane cross section. Further, the hub 5 and/or the shroud 4 is inclined from the horizontal plane on the outer peripheral side with respect to the predetermined position X, and is thinned from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 34A, if the thickness of the side plate at the predetermined position X of the shroud 4 is d10 and the thickness of the outer end on the outer peripheral side of the position X is d11, the thickness is smaller than the thickness d11.
  • the thickness d10 is thick.
  • the thickness d20 is thicker than the thickness d21.
  • the reinforcing member 6 is connected to the impeller outlet 2 side of the shroud 4 and the hub 5.
  • the second support member 32 also supports, for example, the impeller hub 7 that is first stacked on the hub 5.
  • the base plate 33 may be separated from the second support member 32 or the second support member 32 may be cut, so that the impeller 14 is not damaged.
  • the structure 30 can be separated from the base plate 33.
  • the shroud 4 is molded above the hub 5 in the order of the hub 5 and the shroud 4 when performing the layered molding, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the molding order is reversed.
  • the hub 5 may be formed above the shroud 4.
  • the second support member 32 may support the shroud 4. According to this configuration, when the structure 30 is separated from the base plate 33, the base plate 33 may be separated from the second support member 32 or the second support member 32 may be cut, so that the impeller 14 is not damaged. The structure 30 can be separated from the base plate 33.
  • a plurality of flow passages P for sending fluid from the impeller inlet 1 to the impeller outlet 2 with the rotation of the impeller are formed between the adjacent blades 3. That is, the space surrounded by the adjacent blade 3, shroud 4, and hub 5 is the flow path P. As described above, in the structure 30, the flow passage P is formed by the adjacent blades 3, the shroud 4, and the hub 5. As shown in FIG. 34A, the reinforcing member 6 is configured to close the flow path P at the impeller outlet 2. In this way, the reinforcing member 6 that is formed by being connected to the impeller exit side (outer peripheral portion) of the impeller 14 has a different shape from the tip end portion (outer peripheral portion) of the impeller 14.
  • the impeller 14 can be formed by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member 6 on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 14 by machining after the structure 30 is laminated and modeled. Since the reinforcing member 6 is excessively formed on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 14 in the structure 30, even if the support member is defectively formed, it is possible to form the laminated member without mixing the laminated material in the flow path P. It is possible to omit the difficult step of removing the support member 6 mixed in the flow path P formed by the blade 3, the shroud 4, and the hub 5.
  • the reinforcing member 6 is connected to the shroud 4 and the hub 5 at an inclination angle different from the inclination angle of the end portion of the impeller outlet 2 of the shroud 4 and the hub 5.
  • the reinforcing member 6 and the outer surfaces of the shroud 4 and the hub 5 intersect at predetermined angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are other than 180°).
  • the impeller 14 in the eighth embodiment is a two-dimensional impeller in which the streamlines on the hub 5 side and the shroud 4 side are aligned when viewed from the axial direction of the impeller 14. There is. That is, the wings 3 extend perpendicularly to the surface of the hub 5 from the hub 5 to the shroud 4. However, regardless of this, in the impeller 14, the blade 3 may extend from the hub 5 to the shroud 4 at a predetermined angle (blade angle) with respect to the surface of the shroud 4 and/or the hub 5.
  • a predetermined angle blade angle
  • a curve L1 on the shroud 4 side that constitutes the flow path P is located at a position C near the center of the blade 3 on the meridian plane from the blade inlet A of the impeller (hereinafter, referred to as a position C near the center).
  • the flow path P is widened from the blade inlet A to the central position C from the blade inlet A.
  • the curve L1 is curved on the side opposite to the hub 5, and the flow path P is formed in the region on the downstream side of the position C near the center. And the flow path P near the blade outlet B is suddenly narrowed.
  • the flow passage P can be widened from the blade inlet A to the central position C, so that the meridional velocity of the fluid flowing through the flow passage P can be greatly reduced, and the conventional impeller can be used. In comparison, the relative velocity of the fluid in the flow path P can be reduced. Further, by narrowing the flow path P near the blade outlet B, the flow rate of the fluid discharged from the impeller 14 can be reduced, and a desired flow rate can be obtained.
  • the surface laminated only in the vertical direction from the base plate 33 allows the most stable modeling. Therefore, in the first support member 31, the reinforcing member 6 may be laminated over the circumference of the impeller 14 and stacked only in the vertical direction from the base plate 33. Since the reinforcing member 6 is stably formed by being laminated only in the vertical direction, it is possible to prevent the defective reinforcing member 6 from mixing into the flow path P.
  • the impeller 14 of the present embodiment is provided with an axis line in the vertical direction for additive manufacturing.
  • the outer surface of the hub 5 is thinner than the impeller in which the outer surface of the hub 5 is horizontal because the outer peripheral side of the predetermined position X is inclined from the horizontal plane and thinned. Since the surface formed by the layer on the side is small, the shape after modeling is stable. Further, since the shroud 4 is curved, the outer peripheral surface connected to the reinforcing member 6 is stacked first, so that the shaping is stable.
  • the reinforcing member 6 is removed by machining (for example, cutting by a lathe), it is preferable that the reinforcing member 6 is formed with the same metal density as the impeller 14.
  • the first support member 31 and the second support member 32 may be formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 14 having a mesh structure or the like. Thereby, the material of the structure 30 can be reduced, and the impeller 14 can be manufactured at low cost.
  • FIG. 36 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure according to the modified example of the eighth embodiment.
  • the reinforcing member 6b has a first member 61 having one end connected to the shroud 4 so as to extend the shroud 4 to the outer peripheral side, and one end so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side.
  • a second member 62 connected to the hub. The other end of the first member 61 and the other end of the second member 62 are connected so that the flow path P is closed by the impeller outlet 2.
  • FIG. 37 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the shape of the shroud 4b is different from that of the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment.
  • the shape of 3b is also different. That is, in the structure 30c, the flow passage P2 is formed by the adjacent blades 3b, the shroud 4b, and the hub 5, and the reinforcing member 6c is configured to close the flow passage P2 at the impeller outlet 2. ..
  • the first support member 31c supports the outer peripheral side of a predetermined position (for example, the position X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5.
  • the first support member 31c has at least one of the inner peripheral side in addition to the outer peripheral side with respect to a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5. It is good to support the department.
  • the reinforcing member 6c includes a first member 63 connected to the shroud 4b so as to extend the shroud 4b to the outer peripheral side and a second member 63 connected to the hub 5 so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side. 64, and a third member 65 connected to the first member 63 and the second member 64 and configured to close the flow path P2 at the impeller outlet 2.
  • the reinforcing member 6c since the reinforcing member 6c does not contact the space between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 or the blade 3, the reinforcing member 6c (particularly, the first member 63 located on the upper side) is deformed in the direction of gravity during modeling, and thus the shroud 4 and the hub 3 It is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 6b from entering between the five. Therefore, the work of removing the reinforcing member 6c between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 and from the blade 3 can be omitted.
  • the first support member 31 supports the second member 64 and the third member 65 on the outer peripheral side with respect to a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5, Since the hub 5 and the inner peripheral end portion 64a of the second member 64 are connected to each other, the hub 5 and the reinforcing member 6c are stably formed, and a desired shape can be formed.
  • FIG. 38 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of a structure according to another modification of the eighth embodiment.
  • the structure 30d according to the present modification is different from the structure 30c according to FIG. 37 in that the reinforcing member 6c is changed to the reinforcing member 6d.
  • the reinforcing member 6d has a first member 66 whose one end is connected to the shroud 4b so as to extend the shroud 4b to the outer peripheral side, and has one end connected to the hub 5 so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side.
  • a second member 67 The outer peripheral end 66b of the first member 66 and the outer peripheral end 67b of the second member 67 are connected so that the flow passage P2 is closed by the impeller outlet 2.
  • the outer peripheral end 66b of the first member 66 which is the most distant from the shroud 4 supported by the second member 67, is laminated. After that, the first member 66 is laminated, and further, the outer circumference of the shroud 4 is laminated. Therefore, since the shroud 4 is continuously laminated from the inner peripheral end portion 66a of the first member 66, the shape is stable. Further, since the reinforcing member 6d is not in contact with the blade 3 between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 or the blade 3, the work of removing the reinforcing member 6d from the blade 3 can be omitted.
  • the first support member 31 supports the second member 67 and the outer peripheral side of a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5, so that the hub 5 and the second member 67 are supported. Since the molding is performed with the inner peripheral end 67a of the member 67 connected, the molding of the hub 5 is stable and the desired shape can be molded.
  • FIG. 39 is a schematic configuration diagram of an impeller manufacturing system used in the method for manufacturing an impeller of each embodiment.
  • the impeller manufacturing system S includes an information processing device 40 and a display device 50 connected to the information processing device 40, and an additive manufacturing machine 51 is connected to the information processing device 40. ..
  • the information processing device 40 includes a storage 41, a memory 42, an input interface 43, an output interface 44, a communication circuit 45, and a processor 46.
  • the additive manufacturing machine 51 is connected to the impeller manufacturing system S.
  • the information processing device 40, the display device 50, and the additive manufacturing machine 51 may be configured by the same hardware.
  • the controller (not shown) of the additive manufacturing machine 51 may be provided with the information processing device 40 and the display device 50.
  • the storage 41 stores the program and various data according to the present embodiment to be read and executed by the processor 46.
  • a design data ID that is information for identifying design data, a specification of the design, and a design data file of the design are stored in association with each other.
  • the memory 42 temporarily holds data and programs.
  • the memory 42 is a volatile memory and is, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
  • Information is input to the input interface 43 from the user of the information processing apparatus 40.
  • the output interface 44 outputs information to the external display device 50 and the additive manufacturing machine 51.
  • the communication circuit 45 is connected to the network and communicates with other computers via the network.
  • the processor 46 loads the program from the storage 41 into the memory 42 and executes a series of instructions included in the program.
  • the storage 41 stores a set of a design data ID, a design of the design, and a design data file name of the design as a record.
  • the processor 46 of the information processing apparatus refers to the storage 41 and determines whether or not there is design data corresponding to the specifications that satisfy the required specifications. Can read the design data by reading the design data file associated with the design data ID for identifying the design data.
  • FIG. 41 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the method for manufacturing an impeller according to each embodiment.
  • Step S11 First, the impeller manufacturer inputs the required specifications, which are the specifications required for the impeller, using the input interface 43 of the information processing device 40. As a result, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 acquires the required specifications.
  • Step S12 The processor 46 of the information processing device 40 refers to the storage 41 and determines whether or not design data satisfying the input required specifications is accumulated.
  • Step S13 If design data satisfying the required specifications is stored in step S12, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 reads the stored design data corresponding to the specifications satisfying the required specifications from the storage 41.
  • Step S14 If the design data satisfying the required specifications is not stored in step S12, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 designs the shape of the impeller by the three-dimensional inverse analysis method.
  • the shape of the centrifugal impeller according to this embodiment can be reproduced by design by using the three-dimensional inverse solution method.
  • the three-dimensional inverse solution method is a design method that defines the load distribution on the blade surface and determines the blade surface shape that satisfies the load distribution by numerical calculation.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Zhang, M., 1991, “A Compressible Three-Dimensional Design Method for Radial and Mixed Flow Turbomachineryblade”, Int. J. Numerical Methods in Fluids,Vol. . 13, pp. 599-624).
  • 42A to 42E are meridional cross-sectional views showing a design example of the centrifugal impeller according to the present invention, in which the specific speed is gradually increased from FIG. 42A to FIG. 42E.
  • 42A shows a centrifugal impeller with a specific speed of 120
  • FIG. 42B shows a specific speed of 140
  • FIG. 42C shows a specific speed of 200
  • FIG. 42D shows a specific speed of 240
  • FIG. 42E shows a centrifugal impeller of specific speed of 280.
  • Step S16 the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 determines the shape of the reinforcing member suitable for the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14, and forms the prototype of the impeller according to each embodiment. Determines the shape of the structure. For example, the processor 46 selects the shape of the reinforcing member from any of the shapes shown in FIGS. 34, 36, 37, and 38 depending on the distance H between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 at the outer peripheral end of the impeller. .. When the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14 is FIG. 42A, the spacing H between the shroud and the hub is narrower in FIG. 42A than in FIG. 42E, and therefore the reinforcing member 6b shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 42A is suitable for FIG. 42A. Because the distance H between the shroud and the hub is narrow, the connecting portion between the other end 61b of the first member 61 and the other end 62b of the second member 62 is separated from the outer peripheral side of the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, even if the reinforcing member should be improperly shaped, the reinforcing member is prevented from entering between the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, when the shape of the impeller is as shown in FIG. 42A, the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6b, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14 and the diameter of the rotating shaft, the first support member 31 that supports the boss 5.
  • the shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6b, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is taken as the structure 300.
  • the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14 is FIG. 42E
  • the reinforcing member 6 shown in FIG. 34A is suitable for FIG. 42E. This is because the gap H between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 is wider than that in FIG. 42A, so that it is easy to remove the reinforcing member even if it enters between the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, the shroud 4 is supported by the reinforcing member 6 and the modeling failure of the shroud 4 is prevented.
  • the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6b, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14 and the diameter of the rotating shaft, the first support member 31 that supports the boss 5.
  • the shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is set as the structure 300. 42C in which the interval H is between FIG. 42A and FIG. 42E, the reinforcing member 6c shown in FIG. 37 is suitable. Therefore, when the shape of the impeller is as shown in FIG.
  • the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6c, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14, the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the like, the first supporting member 31 that supports the boss 5.
  • the shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6b, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is set as the structure 300.
  • the processor 46 of the information processing apparatus 40 commands the additive manufacturing machine 51 via the output interface 44 to form the determined structure.
  • the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 determines the shape of the reinforcing member connected to the shroud of the impeller and the impeller outlet side of the hub according to the shape of the impeller to be formed. Function as.
  • the processor 46 also functions as a structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller to be modeled. Further, the processor 46 functions as a command unit that commands the additive manufacturing machine 51 to model the structure 300 whose shape has been determined.
  • Step S20 the additive manufacturing machine 51 forms the structure 300 instructed by the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 on the base plate 33 by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder.
  • 43A and 43B are examples of meridional cross-sectional views of the formed structure. Specifically, FIGS. 43A and 43B are meridional cross-sectional views of the structure formed in this step by the additive manufacturing method, in which the structure determined in step S16 is formed.
  • 43A shows an example of a structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller of FIG. 42A
  • FIG. 43B shows an example of the structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller of FIG. 42E.
  • the structure 300 of the impeller shown in FIGS. 42A to 42E is not limited to this, and may have the same shape as any one of 30, 30b, 30c, and 30d, for example.
  • Step S22 Next, in the structure 300, the first support member 31, the second support member 32, and the base plate 33 are removed.
  • the impeller manufacturer may remove the impeller by wire cutting or the like, or may be automatically machined by a machining machine.
  • Step S24 Next, the reinforcing member 6, 6b, 6c or 6d of the structure 300 is removed, and the surface of the structure 300 is polished.
  • the manufacturer of the impeller may grind using a lathe or the like, or may be automatically processed by a processing machine.
  • the impeller manufactured in step S24 is the impeller of FIG. 42A
  • the impeller has a stacking step difference on a surface inclined with respect to the stacking surface and a laser on a surface parallel to the stacking surface.
  • a coating mark due to an electron beam or the like remains.
  • tool marks for example, scratches in the streak direction
  • the flow passage surfaces 3a, 4a, 5a formed by the blade 3, the hub 4 and the shroud 5 may be polished (fluid polishing) in order to ensure pump performance.
  • the impeller has a laminated surface (outer surfaces 4b, 5b) formed by additive manufacturing and a machined cutting surface (outer peripheral edges 4c, 5c of the hub 4 and the shroud 5 on the impeller outlet side).
  • the surface roughness Sa (arithmetic mean height) of the outer surfaces 4b and 5b is 20 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, whereas the surface roughness Sa of the outer peripheral edges 4c and 5c is 5 ⁇ m or less.
  • the hub or/and the shroud have different surface roughnesses on the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge on the impeller outlet side.
  • the hub or/and the shroud have an outer surface formed by additive manufacturing and an outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side formed by cutting. Therefore, the surface roughness is different between the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge, and the outer surface is rougher than the outer peripheral edge.
  • Step S26 the design data of this time is stored in the storage 41.
  • the manufacturer of the impeller may operate the information processing device 40 to additionally write the design data of this time into the storage 41, or may be automatically stored by the processor 46 of the information processing device 40. Good.
  • the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 additionally writes the current design data in the storage 41. If the modeling failure occurs in step S20, steps S22 and S24 may be omitted and the error information may be stored in step S26.
  • step S20 If, in step S20, the layered structure 300 has a modeling defect such as the reinforcing member entering the flow path, step S22 and the subsequent steps may be omitted and the process may return to step S16.
  • the method for manufacturing an impeller according to each embodiment is a method for manufacturing an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, and is provided with an interval in the axial direction of the impeller.
  • the shroud 4 or 4b and the hub 5 arranged, the plurality of blades 3 or 3b arranged between the shroud 4 or 4b and the hub 5, and the impeller outlet side of the shroud or the hub are connected.
  • the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, the desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. it can. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
  • the impeller outlet 2 is designed one by one according to the customer's performance each time, and therefore, it is formed by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder. Is preferred.
  • the blades are formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder in accordance with the respective separate designs, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to process the shape of the blade after the modeling.
  • the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the present embodiment is not limited to the form of the impeller according to each of the above embodiments, and can be applied when manufacturing an impeller having a narrow width in the flow path. ..
  • the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the present embodiment is not limited to the form of the impeller according to each of the above-described embodiments, and a portion where the wall thickness of a member forming the impeller becomes thin (for example, the impeller). It can also be applied when manufacturing an impeller having a tip portion (outer peripheral portion) of a car.
  • the impeller manufacturing system S includes a reinforcing member connected to the shroud of the impeller and the impeller outlet side of the hub.
  • a reinforcing member determining unit that determines the shape a structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure that is the prototype of the impeller to be molded, and a command unit that commands the molding of the structure whose shape has been determined.
  • An additive manufacturing machine for additive manufacturing of the structure according to an instruction from the instruction unit. With this configuration, it is possible to form a structure that is a prototype of the impeller.
  • a plurality of computers may execute the respective processes of the information processing apparatus according to the present embodiment in a distributed manner.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and constituent elements can be modified and embodied at the stage of implementation without departing from the scope of the invention. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, the constituent elements of different embodiments may be combined appropriately.

Abstract

The present invention has: a structure forming step for forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by using a lamination shaping method; and a removal step for removing the reinforcing member from the structure, wherein the structure is formed so that in the structure forming step, the impeller has at least a pair of vertically arranged end sections, and one end of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a portion of an upper end section among the pair of end sections.

Description

羽根車の製造方法、羽根車、羽根車の設計方法、羽根車の設計システム及び羽根車の製造システムImpeller manufacturing method, impeller, impeller design method, impeller design system, and impeller manufacturing system
　本発明は、羽根車の製造方法及び羽根車に関する。 The present invention relates to an impeller manufacturing method and an impeller.
　従来ポンプに応じて、様々な羽根車が用いられている。クローズドインペラ、オープンインペラ、ノンクロッグ形インペラなどがある。クローズドインペラは、遠心ポンプ及び斜流ポンプで側板のあるインペラである。オープンインペラは、遠心ポンプ及び斜流ポンプで側板のないインペラである。このうち主板が羽根外周まであるものをセミオープン形インペラといい，主板を極力短くしたものがフルオープン形インペラである。 According to the conventional pump, various impellers are used. There are closed impeller, open impeller, non-clog type impeller and so on. The closed impeller is a centrifugal pump and a mixed flow pump, and is an impeller with a side plate. Open impellers are centrifugal pumps and mixed-flow pumps that do not have side plates. Of these, the one with the main plate extending to the outer circumference of the blade is called a semi-open type impeller, and the one with the main plate as short as possible is the full-open type impeller.
　また、吸込形式に応じて異なる形態の羽根車が用いられている。片吸込ポンプの場合、片吸込用の羽根車が用いられており、両吸込ポンプの場合、両吸込用の羽根車が用いられる。両吸込用の羽根車は、羽根車の左右両方から均等に流体を吸い込んで加速する。例えば、両吸込用の羽根車は、横軸両吸込渦巻ポンプに使用される。 Also, different types of impellers are used depending on the suction type. In the case of a single suction pump, a single suction impeller is used, and in the case of a double suction pump, a double suction impeller is used. The double suction impeller uniformly sucks fluid from both the left and right sides of the impeller and accelerates it. For example, a double suction impeller is used in a horizontal shaft double suction centrifugal pump.
　３Ｄプリンタの適用技術として、レーザ等による積層造形法と呼ばれる技術が知られている。この技術は、一例として、レーザ等により金属粉末を実質的な二次元平面上で焼結または溶融させ、これを積み上げていくことで三次元形状を得るものである。特許文献１には、タービンホイールに適用される羽根車を、積層造形法により形成する方法が記載されている。 As a technology for applying 3D printers, a technology called additive manufacturing method using a laser is known. In this technique, for example, a metal powder is sintered or melted on a substantially two-dimensional plane by a laser or the like, and these are stacked to obtain a three-dimensional shape. Patent Document 1 describes a method of forming an impeller applied to a turbine wheel by an additive manufacturing method.
　羽根車は、搬送流体の流路の形状を工夫することで性能が向上する。一例として、特許文献２では、複数の翼と、羽根車入口から羽根車出口へ流体を送る複数の流路と、流路を形成するシュラウド及びハブとを有している。各流路は隣り合う翼の間に形成されている。シュラウドの曲線は、翼入口から翼の所定の位置（Ｃ）まではハブ側に湾曲し、翼の所定の位置から翼出口まではハブとは反対側に湾曲している遠心式羽根車が開示されている。 -The performance of the impeller is improved by devising the shape of the flow path of the carrier fluid. As an example, Patent Document 2 has a plurality of blades, a plurality of flow paths for sending fluid from the impeller inlet to the impeller outlet, and a shroud and a hub that form the flow paths. Each flow path is formed between adjacent blades. Disclosed is a centrifugal impeller in which a shroud curve is curved from the blade inlet to a predetermined position (C) of the blade toward the hub side and is curved from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade outlet opposite to the hub. Has been done.
特開２０１６－０３７９０１号公報JP, 2016-037901, A 特表２００５－５３７４２０号公報Japanese Patent Publication No. 2005-537420
　しかしながら、積層造形法により、ポンプ（特に搬送流体が液体のポンプ）に用いられる羽根車を形成する場合、羽根車の端部の下側に支持する部材がないと、積層造形の途中で重力によって羽根車の端部が落ちてきてしまい、羽根車の端部（例えば、流路の入口または出口となる部分）が変形しやすいという問題がある。 However, when forming an impeller used for a pump (especially a pump whose liquid carrier is a liquid) by the additive manufacturing method, if there is no supporting member below the end of the impeller, gravity will be generated during the additive manufacturing. There is a problem that the end of the impeller falls and the end of the impeller (for example, the part that becomes the inlet or the outlet of the flow path) is easily deformed.
　本発明の一態様は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することを可能とする羽根車の製造方法及び羽根車を提供することを目的とする。 One embodiment of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a method for manufacturing an impeller that makes it possible to suppress the deformation of the end of the impeller when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, and The purpose is to provide an impeller.
　あるいは積層造形で形成する場合、形成される層の平面が小さい程成形しやすく、当該平面が大きくなるほど変形などの形成不良が発生しやすい。主板および／または側板をもつ羽根車は、主翼の枚数が少ないと、主板および／または側板の平面部分が大きくなり、積層造形で形成しにくい。また、特に、主板と側板に挟まれた流路は、後加工による形状補正が困難であるため成形不良を避けたい。 Or, when forming by additive manufacturing, the smaller the plane of the layer to be formed, the easier it is to mold, and the larger the plane, the more likely it is that defects such as deformation will occur. In the impeller having the main plate and/or the side plate, when the number of the main blades is small, the flat surface portion of the main plate and/or the side plate becomes large, and it is difficult to form by the additive manufacturing. In addition, in particular, it is difficult to correct the shape of the flow path sandwiched between the main plate and the side plate due to the post-processing, so it is desirable to avoid defective molding.
　本発明の別の一態様は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、羽根車を積層造形で形成する場合において、形成不良を抑制することを可能とする羽根車の設計方法、羽根車の製造方法、羽根車の設計システム及び羽根車の製造システムを提供することを目的とする。 Another aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in the case of forming an impeller by additive manufacturing, a method for designing an impeller capable of suppressing formation failure, and an impeller. An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method, an impeller design system, and an impeller manufacturing system.
　あるいは特許文献２に記載されるように、流路の形状を工夫することで、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能向上につながる。しかしながら、例えば、特許文献１のような流路の形状が複雑な羽根車は、鋳物では成形不良が発生しやすい、という問題がある。図４４は、従来技術として羽根車１０００の鋳造の例を説明するための図である。図４４のように、羽根車の外周側に向けてシュラウド１００４とハブ１００５の間の距離Ｄが狭くなると、砂型鋳造による一体成形の過程において、特に外周側の中子が主型を支えきれずに破損し成形不良となる虞がある。この成形不良は、外周側に向けてシュラウドまたは/およびハブの厚みが薄くなる羽根車で顕著になる。 Alternatively, as described in Patent Document 2, by devising the shape of the flow path, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path can be obtained, which leads to improvement in the performance of the impeller. However, for example, an impeller having a complicated flow path shape as disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that defective molding easily occurs in a casting. FIG. 44 is a diagram for explaining an example of casting the impeller 1000 as a conventional technique. As shown in FIG. 44, when the distance D between the shroud 1004 and the hub 1005 becomes narrower toward the outer peripheral side of the impeller, the core on the outer peripheral side cannot support the main mold particularly in the process of integral molding by sand mold casting. There is a risk that it will be damaged and will result in defective molding. This defective molding becomes noticeable in the impeller in which the thickness of the shroud or/and the hub becomes thinner toward the outer peripheral side.
　本発明の別の一態様は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、流路の形状が複雑な羽根車の製造を可能とする羽根車の製造方法及び羽根車の製造システムを提供することを目的とする。 Another aspect of the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides an impeller manufacturing method and an impeller manufacturing system that enable manufacturing of an impeller having a complicated flow path shape. With the goal.
　本発明の第１の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車と、補強部材と、を有する構造体を積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、を有し、前記構造体形成工程において、前記羽根車は、上下に配置される少なくとも一対の端部を有し、前記補強部材の一端が、前記一対の端部のうち上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結するように、前記構造体が形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by a layered manufacturing method, and removing the reinforcing member from the structure. In the structure forming step, the impeller has at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, and one end of the reinforcing member is an upper portion of the pair of end portions. The structure is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of an end of the structure.
　この構成によれば、補強部材が、上下に配置される少なくとも一対の端部のうち上方の端部の少なくとも一部を支持するため、当該上方の端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the reinforcing member supports at least a part of the upper end portion of at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, so that the deformation of the upper end portion can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本発明の第２の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記補強部材のうち、少なくとも前記補強部材の前記一端は、連結される前記羽根車の端部と略同じ金属密度になるように形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a second aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the first aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, at least the reinforcing member of the reinforcing members is included. One end is formed to have substantially the same metal density as the end of the impeller to be connected.
　この構成によれば、補強部材の一端が、連結される羽根車の端部と略同じ密度になり、補強部材が羽根車の端部と同じ強度で維持できるので、羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。また、補強部材が略同じ密度であることによって、羽根車の端部が羽根車の他の部位と同様の放熱性を有するので、羽根車の端部が羽根車の他の部位と同様の速度で冷却されるので変形が抑えられる。 According to this configuration, one end of the reinforcing member has substantially the same density as the end of the impeller to be connected, and the reinforcing member can be maintained with the same strength as the end of the impeller. Can be suppressed. Further, since the reinforcing members have substantially the same density, the end portion of the impeller has the same heat dissipation performance as the other portions of the impeller, and therefore the end portion of the impeller has the same speed as the other portions of the impeller. Since it is cooled by, deformation can be suppressed.
　本発明の第３の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１または第２の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記補強部材は、連結される前記羽根車の端部よりも低い密度で、且つ、前記羽根車の端部より傾いた角度で形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the first or second aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, the reinforcing members are connected to each other. It is formed with a density lower than the end of the impeller and at an angle inclined from the end of the impeller.
　この構成によれば、補強部材の素材量を低減することができるので、羽根車の製造コストを抑制することができる。それとともに、補強部材が羽根車の端部より傾いた角度で形成されるので、補強部材の変形を抑える。 According to this configuration, the amount of material of the reinforcing member can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed. At the same time, since the reinforcing member is formed at an angle inclined from the end of the impeller, deformation of the reinforcing member is suppressed.
　本発明の第４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から３のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記構造体の少なくとも一部が、当該構造体より低い金属密度の部材によって支持されて形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein in the structure forming step, at least a part of the structure is provided. Are supported and formed by a member having a metal density lower than that of the structure.
　本発明の第５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から４のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記補強部材は、当該補強部材の前記一端から延伸し、当該補強部材が延伸する距離は、当該補強部材の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the reinforcing member extends from the one end of the reinforcing member. The distance that the reinforcing member extends is equal to or less than the limit distance that is determined according to the material of the reinforcing member.
　この構成によれば、補強部材が延伸する距離を、当該補強部材の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下にすることによって、補強部材が途中で崩れ落ちる可能性を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, by setting the distance that the reinforcing member extends to be equal to or less than the limit distance that is determined according to the material of the reinforcing member, it is possible to suppress the possibility that the reinforcing member will collapse in the middle.
　本発明の第６の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から５のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、当該補強部材の前記一端から略水平に延伸する第１の部材と、当該補強部材の前記他端から垂直方向に延伸して前記第１の部材を支持する第２の部材と、を有し、前記第２の部材と前記一対の端部のうち下方の端部との間に水平距離を有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the first method extends substantially horizontally from the one end of the reinforcing member. And a second member that extends in the vertical direction from the other end of the reinforcing member to support the first member, and the second member and the lower part of the pair of end portions Has a horizontal distance to the end of.
　この構成によれば、一対の端部のうち下方の端部を支持することができるので、一対の端部のうち下方の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the lower end of the pair of ends can be supported, it is possible to suppress deformation of the lower end of the pair of ends.
　本発明の第７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から６のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、一対の端部のうち下方に位置する端部の少なくとも一部から延伸した第２の補強部材を有し、前記第２の補強部材は、当該補強部材の前記一端から延伸する第１の部材を有し、当該第１の部材が延伸する距離は、当該第１の部材の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, in which at least an end portion of a pair of end portions located at a lower side is located. The second reinforcing member has a second reinforcing member extending from a part, the second reinforcing member has a first member extending from the one end of the reinforcing member, and the distance by which the first member extends is It is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material of the first member.
　この構成によれば、一対の端部のうち下方に位置する端部を支持することができるので、一対の端部のうち下方に位置する端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the lower end of the pair of ends can be supported, it is possible to suppress deformation of the lower end of the pair of ends.
　本発明の第８の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から７のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車は、主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられ揚液にエネルギーを与える主翼と、を備え、前記一対の端部は、前記主板または前記側板の吐出し側の端部である。 An impeller manufacturing method according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the impeller manufacturing method according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and the main plate. A main wing provided between the side plate and the side plate for giving energy to the pumping liquid, and the pair of end portions is an end portion on the discharge side of the main plate or the side plate.
　この構成によれば、主板または側板の吐出し側の端部のうち上方の端部を支持することができるので、主板または側板の吐出し側の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the upper end of the discharge side end of the main plate or the side plate can be supported, so that the deformation of the discharge side end of the main plate or the side plate can be suppressed.
　本発明の第９の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から７のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車は、主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられる複数の主翼と、を備え、前記一対の端部は、前記側板の吸込み側の端部である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a ninth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and the main plate. A plurality of main wings provided between the side plate and the side plate, and the pair of end parts are suction side end parts of the side plate.
　この構成によれば、側板の吸込み側の端部を支持することができるので、側板の吸込み側の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the suction side end of the side plate can be supported, the deformation of the suction side end of the side plate can be suppressed.
　本発明の第１０の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１から７のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車は、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼と、を備え、前記一対の端部は、前記複数の主翼のうち隣り合う主翼の端部である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the impeller has a plurality of main blades that impart energy to the pumping liquid. And the pair of end portions are end portions of adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings.
　この構成によれば、複数の主翼のうち隣り合う主翼の端部を支持することができるので、複数の主翼のうち隣り合う主翼の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the ends of the adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings can be supported, so that the deformation of the ends of the adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings can be suppressed.
　本発明の第１１の態様に係る羽根車は、主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられ揚液にエネルギーを与える主翼と、を備えた羽根車であって、前記主板、前記側板および前記主翼にて形成される流路が積層造形により形成され、且つ、前記主板と前記側板との少なくとも一方の外周面が切削加工にて形成された羽根車である。 An impeller according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is an impeller provided with a main plate, a side plate, and a main blade that is provided between the main plate and the side plate and applies energy to pumping liquid. A flow path formed by the side plate and the main wing is formed by additive manufacturing, and at least one outer peripheral surface of the main plate and the side plate is formed by cutting.
　この構成によれば、流路が積層造形により形成されるので当該流路の加工精度が向上し、主板と側板との少なくとも一方の外周面が切削加工されているので、当該端部の加工精度が向上する。 According to this configuration, since the flow path is formed by additive manufacturing, the processing accuracy of the flow path is improved, and since the outer peripheral surface of at least one of the main plate and the side plate is cut, the processing accuracy of the end portion is improved. Is improved.
　本発明の第１２の態様に係る羽根車は、第１１の態様に係る羽根車であって、前記流路面と、前記外周面との表面粗さが異なる。 The impeller according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the eleventh aspect, wherein the flow passage surface and the outer peripheral surface have different surface roughnesses.
　本発明の第１３の態様に係る羽根車は、第１２の態様に係る羽根車であって、前記流路面は、外周面よりも表面粗さが粗い。 The impeller according to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twelfth aspect, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer peripheral surface.
　本発明の第１４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車と、補強部材と、を有する構造体を積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、を有し、前記構造体形成工程において、前記羽根車は、前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口が積層面に対し垂直となるように配置され、前記補強部材の一端部が、前記円形の端部のうち中点よりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結するように、前記構造体が形成される。 A manufacturing method for an impeller according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by a layered manufacturing method, and removing the reinforcing member from the structure. In the structure forming step, the impeller is arranged such that a circular opening at an end of the impeller is perpendicular to a stacking surface, and one end of the reinforcing member is provided. However, the structure is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of an end of the circular end above the midpoint.
　本発明の第１５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口が吸込み口である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is a suction port.
　本発明の第１６の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１４または１５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口がインペラハブの開口部である。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the fourteenth or fifteenth aspects, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is an opening of the impeller hub. ..
　本発明の第１７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車と、前記羽根車の表面に連結されている加工しろ部材と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、前記構造体から前記加工しろ部材を除去する除去工程と、を有し、前記構造体形成工程において前記加工しろ部材を前記羽根車と略同じ密度で造形する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is directed to forming a structure having an impeller and a processing margin member connected to a surface of the impeller by a layered manufacturing method. And a removing step of removing the machining allowance member from the structure, wherein the machining allowance member is shaped at substantially the same density as the impeller in the structure forming step.
　この構成によれば、加工しろ部材が羽根車を、羽根車と同じ強度で維持できるので、羽根車の表面の変形を抑制することができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に、製造工程における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the processing margin member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the surface of the impeller. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
　本発明の第１８の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体は、更に支持部材を有し、前記構造体形成工程において、前記支持部材が形成される第１ステップと、前記加工しろ部材が形成される第２ステップと、前記羽根車が形成される第３ステップと、を有し、前記構造体の少なくとも一つの鉛直線上において前記構造体は、前記第１ステップ、前記第２ステップ、前記第３ステップ、の順にて積層造形される。 The method for manufacturing an impeller according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventeenth aspect, wherein the structure further has a support member, and in the structure forming step, A first step of forming the supporting member, a second step of forming the processing allowance member, and a third step of forming the impeller, and on at least one vertical line of the structure In, the structure is laminated and manufactured in the order of the first step, the second step, and the third step.
　この構成によれば、支持部材によって加工しろ部材が支持され、加工しろ部材によって羽根車が支持される。このため、羽根車が下から支えられることになり、羽根車の製造工程における変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the machining allowance member is supported by the support member, and the impeller is supported by the machining allowance member. Therefore, the impeller is supported from below, and deformation in the manufacturing process of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本発明の第１９の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７または１８の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記支持部材は、前記加工しろ部材に比べて低い密度になるように形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventeenth or eighteenth aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, the support member is the processing margin member. It is formed to have a lower density than that of the above.
　この構成によれば、支持部材の金属量を低減することができるので、羽根車の製造コストを抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the amount of metal of the supporting member can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本発明の第２０の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７から１９のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記除去工程において、前記加工しろ部材が切削加工にて除去されることで前記羽根車の表面の形状が形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twentieth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to nineteenth aspects, wherein in the removing step, the processing margin member is cut. By being removed, the shape of the surface of the impeller is formed.
　この構成によれば、複雑な流路でも形成できると共に表面は切削加工にて研磨されるので、ポンプ効率を重視した羽根車を形成できる。 According to this configuration, even a complicated flow path can be formed, and the surface is polished by cutting, so it is possible to form an impeller that emphasizes pump efficiency.
　本発明の第２１の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７から２０のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車の下側、及び前記羽根車の上側の少なくとも一方に、前記加工しろ部材が形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twentieth aspects, wherein the impeller has a lower side and an impeller upper side. The processing margin member is formed on at least one side.
　この構成によれば、羽根車の下側及び羽根車の上側の少なくとも一方が加工しろ部材によって支持されるので、羽根車の下側及び羽根車の上側の少なくとも一方の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since at least one of the lower side of the impeller and the upper side of the impeller is supported by the processing margin member, the deformation of at least one of the lower side of the impeller and the upper side of the impeller can be suppressed. ..
　本発明の第２２の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７から２１のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記羽根車のインペラハブの開口部の内側に前記加工しろ部材が形成される。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-first aspects, wherein the impeller hub opening of the impeller is formed in the structure forming step. The processing margin member is formed inside the portion.
　この構成によれば、加工しろ部材を切削加工することで、インペラハブの開口部の内周面の表面の加工精度が向上するので、ポンプ軸に傷がつくのを防止することができる。 According to this configuration, the machining accuracy of the surface of the inner peripheral surface of the opening of the impeller hub is improved by cutting the machining allowance member, so that the pump shaft can be prevented from being scratched.
　本発明の第２３の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第２２の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記開口部の少なくとも一部を覆うように前記加工しろ部材が形成され、前記開口部の中心に相当する前記加工しろ部材の表面位置に凹凸が設けられるか、及び／または前記開口部の内周に相当する前記加工しろ部材の表面位置に凹凸が設けられる。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-third aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the twenty-second aspect, wherein in the structure forming step, at least a part of the opening is covered. A work allowance member is formed, and unevenness is provided at a surface position of the work allowance member corresponding to the center of the opening, and/or unevenness is provided at a surface position of the work allowance member corresponding to an inner circumference of the opening. Is provided.
　この構成によれば、作業者が加工しろ部材を削るときに、削る範囲を容易に判断することができる。 According to this configuration, when the worker cuts the work allowance member, the cutting range can be easily determined.
　本発明の第２４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７から２３のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体形成工程において、前記加工しろ部材には、前記主板及び／または前記側板の一部の寸法、または前記主板及び／または前記側板の一部の形状に関するパラメータを表す凹凸が前記加工しろ部材の表面に設けられている。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-third aspects, wherein in the structure forming step, the processing margin member includes: Concavities and convexities representing parameters relating to the dimensions of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate or the shapes of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate are provided on the surface of the processing margin member.
　この構成によれば、作業者が加工しろ部材を削るときに、寸法及び形状に関するパラメータを把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 According to this configuration, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member, it is possible to grind while grasping the parameters related to the dimensions and the shape, and thus it is possible to reduce the grinding error.
　本発明の第２５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第１７から２４のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車は、主板と、側板と、主翼と、を備えたクローズドインペラである。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the seventeenth to twenty-fourth aspects, wherein the impeller includes a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing, It is a closed impeller equipped with.
　この構成によれば、クローズドインペラについて、加工しろ部材がクローズドインペラを、クローズドインペラと同じ強度で維持できるので、羽根車の表面の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, for the closed impeller, the processing margin member can maintain the closed impeller with the same strength as the closed impeller, so that the deformation of the surface of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本発明の第２６の態様に係る羽根車は、主板と、側板と、主翼と、を備え、前記主板、前記側板および前記主翼にて画定された流路が形成されている羽根車であって、前記流路は積層造形にて形成され、前記主板および前記側板の外表面は切削加工にて形成された羽根車である。 An impeller according to a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention is an impeller that includes a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing, in which a flow path defined by the main plate, the side plate, and the main wing is formed. The flow paths are formed by additive manufacturing, and the outer surfaces of the main plate and the side plates are impellers formed by cutting.
　この構成によれば、複雑な流路でも形成できると共に表面は切削加工にて研磨されるので、ポンプ効率を重視した羽根車を形成できる。 According to this configuration, even a complicated flow path can be formed, and the surface is polished by cutting, so it is possible to form an impeller that emphasizes pump efficiency.
　本発明の第２７の態様に係る羽根車は、第２６の態様に係る羽根車であって、前記主板および前記側板において、前記流路を画定する流路面と前記外表面とは表面粗さが異なる。 An impeller according to a twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-sixth aspect, wherein in the main plate and the side plate, the flow passage surface defining the flow passage and the outer surface have surface roughness. different.
　本発明の第２８の態様に係る羽根車は、第２７の態様に係る羽根車であって、前記流路面は、前記外表面よりも表面粗さが粗い。 The impeller according to the twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-seventh aspect, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer surface.
　本発明の第２９の態様に係る羽根車は、第２７または２８の態様に係る羽根車であって、前記羽根車は切削加工にて形成されたインペラハブを更に有し、前記流路面は前記インペラハブよりも表面粗さが粗い。 An impeller according to a twenty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the impeller according to the twenty-seventh or twenty-eighth aspect, wherein the impeller further has an impeller hub formed by cutting, and the flow passage surface has the impeller hub. The surface roughness is rougher than that.
　本発明の第３０の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、ポンプの羽根車の設計方法であって、前記羽根車は、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備え、前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形する当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更工程を有する。 A design method for an impeller according to a thirtieth aspect of the present invention is a design method for an impeller of a pump, wherein the impeller includes a plurality of main blades that give energy to pumping liquid, and information on the impeller is provided. On the basis of the above, there is a design change process for changing the design of the impeller that laminate-molds the impeller.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、羽根車を積層造形するよう設計を変更することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the design can be changed so that the impeller is additive manufactured. Therefore, deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus formation defects can be suppressed. can do.
　本発明の第３１の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３０の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記設計変更工程では、前記羽根車を積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。 A design method for an impeller according to a thirty-first aspect of the present invention is a design method for an impeller according to the thirtieth aspect, wherein in the design changing step, an intermediate blade necessary for layer-fabricating the impeller. Change the design of the impeller to add.
　この構成によれば、この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、形成される層の平面が大きくなっても、中間翼を隣り合う当該主翼の間に設けるように設計することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the plane of the layer to be formed becomes large, the intermediate blade can be designed to be provided between the adjacent main blades. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus the formation failure can be suppressed.
　本発明の第３２の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３０の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記羽根車の情報は、前記羽根車の素材の情報と、隣り合う前記主翼が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う前記主翼の間の距離とを含み、前記設計変更工程において、当該隣り合う前記主翼の間に前記中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。 A design method for an impeller according to a thirty-second aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to the thirtieth aspect, wherein the information on the impeller is adjacent to the information on the material of the impeller. Including the distance between the adjacent main blades in the laminated surface on which the main blades are formed, in the design changing step, the design of the impeller is changed to add the intermediate blade between the adjacent main blades. ..
　この構成によれば、主翼と中間翼の間の距離を、隣り合う主翼が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う主翼の間の距離と羽根車の素材に応じて設定することができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the distance between the main blades and the intermediate blades can be set according to the distance between the adjacent main blades on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades are formed and the material of the impeller. The deformation of the impeller during modeling can be suppressed.
　本発明の第３３の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３２の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記設計変更工程において、前記羽根車の素材によって異なる所定の許容距離よりも前記複数の主翼間の積層面における距離が短くなるように前記中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。 An impeller design method according to a thirty-third aspect of the present invention is the impeller design method according to the thirty-second aspect, wherein in the design changing step, a predetermined allowable distance that differs depending on a material of the impeller is used. The design of the impeller is changed so that the intermediate blade is added so that the distance in the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades becomes short.
　この構成によれば、主翼と中間翼の間の距離を、羽根車の素材に応じた所定の許容距離よりも短くすることができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the distance between the main blade and the intermediate blade can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller, so that the deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed. ..
　本発明の第３４の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３０から３３のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記羽根車はクローズドインペラであって、前記主翼間の積層面は、前記主翼よりも後に形成される前記羽根車の主板または側板である。 An impeller design method according to a thirty-fourth aspect of the present invention is the impeller design method according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-third aspects, wherein the impeller is a closed impeller, and The laminated surface is a main plate or a side plate of the impeller formed after the main blade.
　この構成によれば、羽根車の上に形成される主板または側板に表面において、主翼と中間翼の間の距離を、羽根車の素材に応じた所定の許容距離よりも短くすることができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 With this configuration, on the surface of the main plate or the side plate formed on the impeller, the distance between the main wing and the intermediate wing can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller. The deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
　本発明の第３５の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３０から３４のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記設計変更工程の後に、前記中間翼が設けられた羽根車を備える前記ポンプを流体解析する工程を更に有する。 A design method for an impeller according to a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-fourth aspects, wherein the intermediate blade is provided after the design changing step. The method further comprises the step of performing a fluid analysis on the pump including the impeller.
　この構成によれば、設計変更により中間翼が設けられた羽根車を流体解析することにより、当該中間翼が設けられた羽根車が客先要求を満たすか否か確認することができる。 According to this configuration, it is possible to confirm whether or not the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request by performing a fluid analysis on the impeller provided with the intermediate blade due to the design change.
　本発明の第３６の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第３５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含する場合、積層造形が実行されるように積層造形機を制御する工程を有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the thirty-fifth aspect, including an operating point in which a selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis satisfies the customer request. In that case, the method has a step of controlling the additive manufacturing machine so that additive manufacturing is performed.
　この構成によれば、設計変更により中間翼が設けられた羽根車が客先要求を満たす場合に、当該設計にて羽根車を製造することができる。 According to this configuration, when the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request due to the design change, the impeller can be manufactured with the design.
　本発明の第３７の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３５または３６の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合、前記羽根車の素材の情報、前記羽根車の設計形状のうち、少なくとも一つを変更し、当該変更後に再度、流体解析する工程を更に有する。 An impeller designing method according to a thirty-seventh aspect of the present invention is the impeller designing method according to the thirty-fifth or thirty-sixth aspect, wherein an operating point in which a selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis satisfies the customer requirement. When not including, the method further includes a step of changing at least one of the information on the material of the impeller and the design shape of the impeller, and performing the fluid analysis again after the change.
　この構成によれば、当該変更後の羽根車を流体解析することにより、当該変更後の羽根車が客先要求を満たすか否か確認することができる。 According to this configuration, it is possible to confirm whether or not the changed impeller satisfies the customer's request by performing a fluid analysis of the changed impeller.
　本発明の第３８の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３５から３７のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、複数のポンプ機種群から客先要求に応じてポンプ機種を選定する工程と、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合に、前記選定したポンプ機種を再選定する工程と、を更に有する。 An impeller designing method according to a thirty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the impeller designing method according to any one of the thirty-fifth to thirty-seventh aspects, in which a pump model is selected from a plurality of pump model groups according to a customer request. And a step of reselecting the selected pump model when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer's request.
　この構成によれば、ポンプ機種を再選定することによって、客先要求を満たすようにすることができる。 With this configuration, it is possible to meet customer requirements by re-selecting the pump model.
　本発明の第３９の態様に係る羽根車の設計方法は、第３０から３８のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の設計方法であって、前記設計変更工程では、当該羽根車の外径の変更、及び／または主翼及び／または中間翼の翼角を設計変更する。 A design method for an impeller according to a thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the design method for an impeller according to any one of the thirtieth to thirty-eighth aspects, wherein in the design changing step, an outer diameter of the impeller is changed. , And/or the wing angle of the main wing and/or the intermediate wing is redesigned.
　本発明の第４０の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第３０から３９のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の設計方法にて設計された羽根車を積層造形にて形成する、羽根車の製造方法である。 A manufacturing method of an impeller according to a 40th aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller, which is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller designed by the method for designing an impeller according to any of the 30th to 39th aspects being formed by additive manufacturing. It is a manufacturing method.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、形成される層の平面が大きくなっても、中間翼を隣り合う当該主翼の間に設けるように設計することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中における変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the plane of the layer to be formed becomes large, the intermediate blade can be designed to be provided between the adjacent main blades. Since deformation during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed, formation defects can be suppressed.
　本発明の第４１の態様に係る羽根車の設計システムは、ポンプの羽根車であって、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備える羽根車の設計システムであって、前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更部を備える。 An impeller design system according to a forty-first aspect of the present invention is an impeller design system for a pump, which is equipped with a plurality of main blades for giving energy to pumped liquid, and which includes: On the basis of the above, a design change unit is provided for changing the design of the impeller so that the impeller is laminated and manufactured.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、羽根車を積層造形するよう設計することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中における変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller can be designed so as to be additive manufactured, and thus deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, so that formation failure is suppressed. You can
　本発明の第４２の態様に係る羽根車の設計システムは、第４１の態様に係る羽根車の設計システムであって、前記設計変更部は、積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。 An impeller design system according to a forty-second aspect of the present invention is the impeller design system according to the forty-first aspect, wherein the design change unit adds an intermediate blade necessary for additive manufacturing. Change the design of the impeller.
　本発明の第４３の態様に係る羽根車の製造システムは、ポンプの羽根車であって、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備える羽根車の製造システムであって、前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更部と、設計変更後の羽根車を積層造形する積層造形機と、を備える。 An impeller manufacturing system according to a forty-third aspect of the present invention is a pump impeller, which is a manufacturing system of an impeller having a plurality of main blades for giving energy to pumping liquid, wherein: Based on the design change unit, the design change unit changes the design of the impeller so that the impeller is additively manufactured, and the additive manufacturing machine that additively modifies the impeller after the design change.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、羽根車を積層造形するよう設計することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中における変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the impeller can be designed so as to be additive manufactured, and thus deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, so that formation failure is suppressed. You can
　本発明の第４４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車入口と羽根車出口との間に複数の翼を有する羽根車の製造方法であって、当該羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されたシュラウド及びハブと、当該シュラウドとハブとの間に配置された複数の翼と、当該シュラウド及び当該ハブの羽根車出口側に連結されている補強部材と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、を有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-fourth aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, wherein an interval is set in the axial direction of the impeller. A structure having a shroud and a hub arranged and provided, a plurality of blades arranged between the shroud and the hub, and a reinforcing member connected to the impeller outlet side of the shroud and the hub. A structure forming step of forming by a layered manufacturing method, and a removing step of removing the reinforcing member from the structure.
　この構成によれば、積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、除去工程において、余分に造形した補強部材を除去することで、流路内に支持部材をいれることなく羽根車を造形することができ、流路内の支持部材除去という難解な工程を省略することができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
　本発明の第４５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体は、前記補強部材を支持する第１の支持部材を更に有し、前記構造体から前記第１の支持部材を除去する工程を更に有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-fifth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-fourth aspect, wherein the structure further includes a first support member that supports the reinforcing member. Then, the method further includes the step of removing the first support member from the structure.
　この構成によれば、補強部材を第１の支持部材が支持することにより、積層造形中の補強部材の形状が安定するので、補強部材が連結されたシュラウド及び当該ハブの羽根車出口側の形状が安定する。 According to this configuration, since the shape of the reinforcing member during the additive manufacturing is stabilized by supporting the reinforcing member by the first supporting member, the shape of the shroud to which the reinforcing member is connected and the shape of the hub on the impeller outlet side. Is stable.
　本発明の第４６の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４または第４５の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体は、前記シュラウドまたは前記ハブを支持する第２の支持部材を更に有し、前記構造体から前記第２の支持部材を除去する工程を更に有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-sixth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-fourth or forty-fifth aspect, wherein the structure has a second structure that supports the shroud or the hub. The method further includes a support member, and the method further includes the step of removing the second support member from the structure.
　この構成によれば、ベースプレートから構造体を切り離す際に、第２の支持部材からベースプレートを切り離すか、第２の支持部材を切断すればよいので、羽根車を傷つけずにベースプレートから構造体を切り離すことができる。 According to this configuration, when the structure is separated from the base plate, the base plate may be separated from the second support member or the second support member may be cut, so that the structure is separated from the base plate without damaging the impeller. be able to.
　本発明の第４７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４から４６のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記構造体において、隣り合う翼、前記シュラウド、及び前記ハブによって流路が形成されており、前記補強部材は、前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように構成されている。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 47th aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 46th aspects, wherein in the structure, adjacent blades, the shroud, and the A flow path is formed by the hub, and the reinforcing member is configured to close the flow path at the impeller outlet.
　この構成によれば、シュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口の末端部が補強部材によって支持されるので、積層造形中においてシュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口の末端部が変形することを防止することができる。 According to this configuration, since the end portions of the shroud and the impeller outlet of the hub are supported by the reinforcing member, it is possible to prevent the end portions of the shroud and the impeller outlet of the hub from being deformed during additive manufacturing.
　本発明の第４８の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記補強部材は、前記シュラウド及び前記ハブの羽根車出口の末端部の傾斜角度とは、異なる傾斜角度で前記シュラウド及び前記ハブに連結されている。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-eighth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein the reinforcing member is inclined at a terminal end portion of the impeller outlet of the shroud and the hub. The angles are connected to the shroud and the hub at different inclination angles.
　この構成によれば、シュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口の末端部と、補強部材との境界が明らかになるので、機械加工によって補強部材を除去することを容易化することができる。 According to this configuration, the boundary between the end portion of the impeller outlet of the shroud and the hub and the reinforcing member is clarified, so that the reinforcing member can be easily removed by machining.
　本発明の第４９の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記補強部材は、前記シュラウドを外周側に延長するように当該シュラウドに連結された第１の部材と、前記ハブを外周側に延長するように当該ハブに連結された第２の部材と、前記第１の部材と前記第２の部材に連結されて前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように構成された第３の部材と、を有する。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a forty-ninth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein the reinforcing member is connected to the shroud so as to extend the shroud to an outer peripheral side. The first member, the second member connected to the hub so as to extend the hub to the outer peripheral side, the first member and the second member connected to the flow path, A third member configured to close at the outlet of the impeller.
　この構成によれば、翼に補強部材が接しないため、翼から補強部材を除去する作業が省略することができる。 According to this configuration, since the reinforcing member does not contact the blade, the work of removing the reinforcing member from the blade can be omitted.
　本発明の第５０の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４７の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記補強部材は、前記シュラウドを外周側に延長するように一端が当該シュラウドに連結された第１の部材と、前記ハブを外周側に延長するように一端が当該ハブに連結された第２の部材と、を有し、前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように、前記第１の部材の他端と前記第２の部材の他端が連結されている。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fiftieth aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the forty-seventh aspect, wherein one end of the reinforcing member is the shroud so as to extend the shroud to an outer peripheral side. A first member connected to the hub and a second member having one end connected to the hub so as to extend the hub to the outer peripheral side, and the flow path is closed at the impeller outlet. The other end of the first member and the other end of the second member are connected to each other.
　この構成によれば、翼に補強部材が接しないため、翼から補強部材を除去する作業が省略することができる。 According to this configuration, since the reinforcing member does not contact the blade, the work of removing the reinforcing member from the blade can be omitted.
　本発明の第５１の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４から５０のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、記羽根車は、子午面断面において、前記流路を構成するシュラウド側の曲線が、翼入口から前記翼の所定の位置まではハブ側に湾曲し、前記翼の所定の位置から翼出口までは前記ハブとは反対側に湾曲している。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a fifty-first aspect of the present invention is a method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the fourty-fourth to fifty aspects, wherein the impeller has the flow passage in a meridional section. The constituent curve on the shroud side is curved from the blade entrance to a predetermined position of the blade toward the hub side, and is curved from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade exit opposite to the hub.
　本発明の第５２の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４から５１のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車のハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、子午面断面において、所定の位置 から外周に向かって、水平面から傾斜している。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 52nd aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 51st aspects, wherein the hub or/and the shroud of the impeller has a meridional section. In, inclining from the horizontal plane from the predetermined position toward the outer periphery.
　本発明の第５３の態様に係る羽根車の製造方法は、第４４から５２のいずれかの態様に係る羽根車の製造方法であって、前記羽根車の午面断面において、前記ハブまたは／および前記シュラウドは、内周側から外周側に向かって肉薄になっている。 A method for manufacturing an impeller according to a 53rd aspect of the present invention is the method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of the 44th to 52nd aspects, wherein the hub or/and The shroud becomes thinner from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side.
　本発明の第５４の態様に係る羽根車は、羽根車入口と羽根車出口との間に複数の翼を有する羽根車であって、当該羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されたハブおよびシュラウドと、当該ハブとシュラウドの間に配置された複数の翼と、を有し、前記ハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、外表面と羽根車出口側の外周縁の表面粗さが異なる。ハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、積層造形にて形成された外表面と切削加工にて形成された羽根車出口側の外周縁とを有する。そのため、当該外表面と当該外周縁とは表面粗さが異なり、外表面の粗さが外周縁よりも粗い。 An impeller according to a fifty-fourth aspect of the present invention is an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, the hub being arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller. And a shroud and a plurality of blades arranged between the hub and the shroud, and the hub and/or the shroud have different surface roughnesses on the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side. The hub or/and the shroud have an outer surface formed by additive manufacturing and an outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side formed by cutting. Therefore, the surface roughness is different between the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge, and the outer surface is rougher than the outer peripheral edge.
　本発明の第５５の態様に係る羽根車の製造システムは、造形する羽根車の形状に応じて、当該羽根車のシュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口側に連結される補強部材の形状を決定する補強部材決定部と、前記造形する羽根車の原型となる構造体の形状を決定する構造体決定部と、形状が決定された前記構造体を造形するよう積層造形機に指令する指令部と、を備える。 A manufacturing system for an impeller according to a fifty-fifth aspect of the present invention is a reinforcement for determining a shape of a reinforcing member connected to an impeller outlet side of a shroud of the impeller and a hub according to a shape of the impeller to be formed. A member determining unit, a structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure that is the prototype of the impeller to be molded, and a command unit that commands the additive manufacturing machine to mold the structure whose shape has been determined. Prepare
　この構成によれば、積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
　本発明の一態様によれば、ベースプレートから積層された補強部材が、主板と側板のうち後に積層造形する方の端部の少なくとも一部を支持するため、主板と側板のうち後に積層造形する方の端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。
　あるいは本発明の別の一態様によれば、加工しろ部材が羽根車を、羽根車と同じ強度で維持できるので、羽根車の表面の変形を抑制することができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に、製造工程における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。
　あるいは本発明の別の一態様によれば、羽根車を積層造形で形成する場合において、羽根車を積層造形するよう設計することで、当該羽根車の積層造形中における変形を抑えることができ、形成不良を抑制することができる。
　あるいは本発明の別の一態様によれば、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、除去工程において、余分に造形した補強部材を除去することで、流路内に支持部材をいれることなく羽根車を造形することができ、流路内の支持部材除去という難解な工程を省略することができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。
　あるいは本発明の別の一態様によれば、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、除去工程において、余分に造形した補強部材を除去することで、流路内に支持部材をいれることなく羽根車を造形することができ、流路内の支持部材除去という難解な工程を省略することができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。 According to one aspect of the present invention, since the reinforcing member laminated from the base plate supports at least a part of the end portion of the main plate and the side plate which is to be laminated and manufactured later, one of the main plate and the side plate which is laminated and molded later. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
Alternatively, according to another aspect of the present invention, since the processing margin member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the surface of the impeller. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
Alternatively, according to another aspect of the present invention, when the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, by designing the impeller to be additive manufacturing, it is possible to suppress deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing, Formation defects can be suppressed.
Alternatively, according to another aspect of the present invention, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape, It is possible to obtain dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
Alternatively, according to another aspect of the present invention, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape, It is possible to obtain dimensional accuracy. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path can be obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the excessively shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow channel, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow channel can be omitted. can do. Further, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve the productivity.
第１の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pump which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 図１に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。It is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. 図１に示す羽根車の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the impeller shown in FIG. 図３に示す羽根車を、その吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 3 when viewed from the suction port side. 第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure formed in the middle of the manufacturing process of the impeller which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体を、その吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view of a part of the structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment as seen from the suction port side. 第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller which concerns on 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施形態の第１の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment. 第１の実施形態の第２の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment. 第２の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. 第３の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. 第４の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 4th Embodiment. 第５の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of an example of the structure concerning a 5th embodiment. 第５の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment. 第６の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pump which concerns on 6th Embodiment. 図１５に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。FIG. 16 is a front view of a pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. 15. 図１５に示す羽根車の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the impeller shown in FIG. 図１７に示す羽根車を、その吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。FIG. 18 is a partially cut-away front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 17 as viewed from the suction port side. 第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure formed in the middle of the manufacturing process of the impeller which concerns on 6th Embodiment. 第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体の加工しろ部材２４を、吸込口側から見たときの正面図である。It is a front view when the processing margin member 24 of the structure formed in the middle of the manufacturing process of the impeller which concerns on 6th Embodiment is seen from the suction opening side. 第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller concerning a 6th embodiment. 図２１ＡのステップＳ１の構造体の造形方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows an example of the flow of the modeling method of the structure of Step S1 of Drawing 21A. 第６の実施形態の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on the modification of 6th Embodiment. 第７の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the pump which concerns on 7th Embodiment. 図２３に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。It is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. 図２３に示す羽根車の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the impeller shown in FIG. 第７の実施形態に係る第１の実施例に係る羽根車を、図２５の吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。FIG. 26 is a partially cutaway front view of the impeller according to the first example of the seventh embodiment as viewed from the suction port side of FIG. 25. 第７の実施形態に係る第２の実施例に係る羽根車を、図２５の吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。It is a front view of the impeller which concerns on the 2nd Example which concerns on 7th Embodiment, when seeing from the suction inlet side of FIG. 25. ポンプ選定図の一例である。It is an example of a pump selection diagram. 第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造システムの概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing system of the impeller which concerns on 7th Embodiment. 全揚程と吐出し流量との間の関係の一例を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows an example of the relationship between the total head and the discharge flow rate. 羽根車の外径が大きくなるように変更する場合を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the case where it changes so that the outer diameter of an impeller may become large. 第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller which concerns on 7th Embodiment. 第８の実施形態に係る羽根車を備えたポンプ装置の一例を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal section showing an example of a pump device provided with an impeller concerning an 8th embodiment. 第８の実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体の子午面断面図の一例である。It is an example of the meridional cross-sectional view of the structure that is the prototype of the impeller according to the eighth embodiment. 図３４Ａの領域Ｒ１の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the area|region R1 of FIG. 34A. 図３４に示す羽根車の正断面図である。FIG. 35 is a front sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. 34. 第８の実施形態の変形例に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a modification of an 8th embodiment. 第９の実施形態に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a 9th embodiment. 第９の実施形態に変形例に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。It is an example of a sectional view of a part of structure concerning a modification to a 9th embodiment. 各実施形態の羽根車の製造方法で用いられる羽根車の製造システムの概略構成図である。It is a schematic block diagram of the manufacturing system of the impeller used with the manufacturing method of the impeller of each embodiment. 情報処理装置のストレージに格納されているテーブルの一例である。It is an example of a table stored in the storage of the information processing apparatus. 各実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flow chart which shows an example of the flow of the manufacturing method of the impeller concerning each embodiment. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図である。It is a meridional surface sectional view which shows the design example of the centrifugal type impeller which concerns on this invention. 従来技術として羽根車１０００の鋳造の例を説明するための図である。It is a figure for demonstrating the example of casting of the impeller 1000 as a prior art.
　以下、各実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。但し、必要以上に詳細な説明は省略する場合がある。例えば、既によく知られた事項の詳細説明や実質的に同一の構成に対する重複説明を省略する場合がある。これは、以下の説明が不必要に冗長になるのを避け、当業者の理解を容易にするためである。 Each embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, more detailed description than necessary may be omitted. For example, detailed description of well-known matters and duplicate description of substantially the same configuration may be omitted. This is for avoiding unnecessary redundancy in the following description and for facilitating understanding by those skilled in the art.
　本実施形態では、ベースプレートの上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により、本実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成する。ここで、積層造形法は、所望の羽根車の形状に合わせて配置した金属粉末を、レーザ又は電子ビーム等による熱エネルギーにより焼結させる。金属粉末の配置及び焼結といった工程を順次繰り返すことで、焼結された金属粉末が積層され、所望の形状の羽根車の原型となる構造体が形成される。 In the present embodiment, a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the present embodiment is formed on the base plate by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder. Here, in the additive manufacturing method, the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam. By sequentially repeating the steps of arranging and sintering the metal powder, the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
　図１は、第１の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。図２は、図１に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。図１及び図２に示すように、ポンプは、吸込口１ａと吐出し口１ｂを有するポンプケーシング１と、ケーシングカバー２とを備えている。羽根車３は、その吸込口９（図３参照）がポンプケーシング１の吸込口１ａを向くようにポンプケーシング１の内部に配置され、吸込口１ａからポンプケーシング１の内部に入った流体は、羽根車３を通って昇圧され、ポンプケーシング１の吐出し口１ｂから外部に排出される。羽根車３は、軸受胴体４に組込まれた軸受５ａ，５ｂに支持された主軸であるポンプ軸６のポンプケーシング１側の端部に固定されている。ポンプ軸６の他端には図示しない駆動機が連結されており、ポンプ軸６を介して羽根車３が回転駆動される。図２は、ポンプケーシング１を軸受胴体４側からみた図を示す。 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2. The impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port 9 (see FIG. 3) faces the suction port 1a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the pump casing 1 through the suction port 1a is The pressure is increased through the impeller 3 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1. The impeller 3 is fixed to an end portion of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5a and 5b incorporated in a bearing body 4 on the pump casing 1 side. A drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6. FIG. 2 shows a view of the pump casing 1 as seen from the bearing body 4 side.
　図３は、図１に示す羽根車の断面図である。図４は、図３に示す羽根車を、その吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。図３及び図４に示すように、羽根車３は、インペラハブ１０、主板１１、側板１２及び主板１１と側板１２との間に配置された複数の主翼１３から構成されている。インペラハブ１０は、ポンプ軸６が貫通する開口部８を有し、ポンプ軸６に固定され，主翼１３を取り付ける回転体である。主板１１は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、インペラハブ１０に連なる側の側壁である。側板１２は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、主翼１３に支えられる側の側壁である。主翼１３は、揚液にエネルギーを与える羽根であり、インペラハブ１０に取り付けられている。主翼１３は、この例では、厚さｔ１の板状に形成されて、互いに隣接する一方の主翼１３の回転方向側の表面１３ａと他方の主翼１３の反回転方向側の裏面１３ｂとの間に、流路２０がそれぞれ区画形成されている。また図３には、主板１１と側板１２との間に形成された流路２０の出口幅Ｂ２が示されている。 3 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a partially cut front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 3 as viewed from the suction port side. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the impeller 3 is composed of an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. The impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that has an opening 8 through which the pump shaft 6 penetrates, is fixed to the pump shaft 6, and mounts the main wing 13. The main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10. The side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13. The main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10. In this example, the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side that are adjacent to each other. The flow paths 20 are divided and formed. Further, FIG. 3 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
　図５は、第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体の一例の断面図である。図６は、第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体を、羽根車３の吸込口９側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。図５及び図６に示すように、羽根車３の原型となる構造体１４は、インペラハブ１０と、主板１１と、側板１２と、当該主板１１と当該側板１２との間に設けられる複数の主翼１３と、を備える羽根車３と、側板１２を支持する支持部材２２と、インペラハブ１０を支持する支持部材２３と、補強部材３０と、を有する。構造体１４は、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成されている。 FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a partially cut-away front view of the structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment, as seen from the suction port 9 side of the impeller 3. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the structure 14 serving as a prototype of the impeller 3 includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main wings provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. An impeller 3 including a support member 22, a support member 22 that supports the side plate 12, a support member 23 that supports the impeller hub 10, and a reinforcing member 30. The structure 14 is formed on the base plate 21 by an additive manufacturing method using metal powder.
　図５及び図６に示すように、補強部材３０の一端部３０ａが、主板１１の外周面１１ｃに連結している。補強部材３０の第２の部材３２は、主板１１の外周面１１ｃから離れており、補強部材３０の他端部３０ｂがベースプレート２１に連結している。 As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, one end 30 a of the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the main plate 11. The second member 32 of the reinforcing member 30 is separated from the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11, and the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the base plate 21.
　より詳細には、補強部材３０は、当該補強部材３０の一端部３０ａから主板１１の外周面１１ｃに向かって延伸する第１の部材３１と、当該補強部材３０の他端部３０ｂから垂直方向に延伸して第１の部材３１を支持する第２の部材３２と、を有する。この第２の部材３２と側板１２との間の水平距離Ｄは、造形する素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下に設定されている。この構成によれば、第２の部材３２と主板１１との間の水平距離Ｄを、当該限界距離以下にすることによって、補強部材３０が途中で崩れ落ちるのを抑制することができる。本実施形態では、主板１１が略水平に配置されて積層造形されるため、第１の部材３１は補強部材３０の一端部３０ａから略水平に延伸する。一実施形態では、主板１１が水平から傾いて配置されて積層造形してもよいし、または／および、第１の部材３１は、補強部材３０の一端部３０ａから水平に対して所定の角度で延伸してもよい。そうすれば、水平距離Ｄを長くできる。また、積層造形では、順次積層される水平面の面積を極力少なくすることで、形成される構造体１４の変形を抑えることができる。第１の部材３１を水平より傾いた角度で形成することで、補強部材３０の変形を抑えることができる。 More specifically, the reinforcing member 30 includes a first member 31 extending from one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30 toward the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and a vertical direction from the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30. A second member 32 that extends to support the first member 31. The horizontal distance D between the second member 32 and the side plate 12 is set to be equal to or less than the limit distance determined according to the material to be molded. According to this configuration, by setting the horizontal distance D between the second member 32 and the main plate 11 to be equal to or less than the limit distance, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 30 from collapsing halfway. In the present embodiment, since the main plate 11 is arranged substantially horizontally and laminated and manufactured, the first member 31 extends substantially horizontally from the one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30. In one embodiment, the main plate 11 may be arranged to be inclined from the horizontal for additive manufacturing, and/or the first member 31 may be disposed at a predetermined angle from the one end 30a of the reinforcing member 30 with respect to the horizontal. You may stretch. Then, the horizontal distance D can be increased. In addition, in the layered manufacturing, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the structure 14 formed by reducing the area of the horizontal planes that are sequentially layered as much as possible. By forming the first member 31 at an angle inclined from the horizontal, the deformation of the reinforcing member 30 can be suppressed.
　本実施形態に係る構造体形成工程において、補強部材３０のうち、少なくとも一端部３０ａは、羽根車３と略同じ金属密度になるように形成されることが好ましい。これにより、主板１１の外周面１１ｃと連結する補強部材３０の一端部３０ａが、主板１１と略同じ金属密度になり、補強部材３０が主板１１の端部と同じ強度で維持できるので、主板１１の外周面の変形を抑制することができる。また、積層造形では、造形時の熱がうまく放熱できないと、結果として変形してしまう。ここで、外周面１１ｃに補強部材３０がないと、外周面１１ｃは空気に触れて放熱されにくい。また、外周面１１ｃより低い金属密度の補強部材３０が当接すると、羽根車３の他の部分に比べて放熱されにくく外周面１１ｃが部分的に変形してしまう虞がある。しかしながら、外周面１１ｃと略同じ金属密度の補強部材３０が当接すれば、羽根車の外周面１１ｃが羽根車の他の部位と同様の放熱性を有するので、外周面１１ｃは羽根車の他の部位と同様の速度で冷却され変形が抑えられる。本実施形態では、第１の部材３１は全て羽根車３と同じ金属密度で形成される。一実施形態では、第１の部材３１の外周側の少なくとも一部が羽根車３より低い金属密度（例えば、メッシュ構造やスポンジ状の造形物）で形成されてもよい。 In the structure forming step according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that at least one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 is formed to have substantially the same metal density as that of the impeller 3. Thereby, the one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 connected to the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 has substantially the same metal density as the main plate 11, and the reinforcing member 30 can be maintained with the same strength as the end portion of the main plate 11, so that the main plate 11 can be maintained. It is possible to suppress deformation of the outer peripheral surface of the. In addition, in the layered modeling, if the heat during modeling cannot be radiated well, the result is deformation. Here, if the outer peripheral surface 11c does not have the reinforcing member 30, the outer peripheral surface 11c is less likely to be exposed to air and dissipate heat. Further, when the reinforcing member 30 having a metal density lower than that of the outer peripheral surface 11c comes into contact, the outer peripheral surface 11c may be partially deformed because it is less likely to radiate heat than the other parts of the impeller 3. However, if the reinforcing member 30 having substantially the same metal density as the outer peripheral surface 11c comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 11c, the outer peripheral surface 11c has the same heat dissipation property as the other parts of the impeller, and therefore the outer peripheral surface 11c does not correspond to other parts of the impeller. It is cooled at the same speed as the part and deformation is suppressed. In the present embodiment, all the first members 31 are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3. In one embodiment, at least a part of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31 may be formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object).
　本実施形態に係る構造体形成工程において、補強部材３０のうち、少なくとも補強部材３０の他端部３０ｂは、羽根車３より低い金属密度（例えば、メッシュ構造やスポンジ状の造形物）で形成されてもよい。これにより、補強部材３０の金属量を低減することができるので、羽根車の製造コストを抑制することができる。本実施形態では、第２の部材３２は全て羽根車３より低い金属密度（例えば、メッシュ構造やスポンジ状の造形物）で形成される。一実施形態では、第２の部材３２の少なくとも一部が羽根車３と同じ金属密度で形成されてもよい。 In the structure forming step according to the present embodiment, at least the other end portion 30b of the reinforcing member 30 of the reinforcing member 30 is formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a spongy shaped object). May be. As a result, the amount of metal of the reinforcing member 30 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed. In the present embodiment, all the second members 32 are formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 3 (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object). In one embodiment, at least a part of the second member 32 may be formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3.
　本実施形態に係る構造体形成工程において、支持部材２２は、例えば、羽根車３に比べて低い金属密度（例えば、メッシュ構造やスポンジ状の造形物）になるように形成されてもよい。これにより、支持部材２２の金属量を低減することができるので、羽根車３の製造コストを抑制することができる。本実施形態では、支持部材２２はインペラハブ１０および側板１２全体を支持するように形成される。一実施形態では、羽根車３の径が小さい等で側板１２が安定して形成できるのであれば、支持部材２２は側板１２の少なくとも一部のみを支持するように形成されてもよい。更には、支持部材２２はなくてもよい。 In the structure forming step according to the present embodiment, the support member 22 may be formed to have a lower metal density (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped article) than the impeller 3. As a result, the amount of metal of the support member 22 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller 3 can be suppressed. In this embodiment, the support member 22 is formed to support the impeller hub 10 and the side plate 12 as a whole. In one embodiment, the support member 22 may be formed to support at least a part of the side plate 12 as long as the side plate 12 can be stably formed due to the small diameter of the impeller 3 or the like. Furthermore, the support member 22 may be omitted.
　図７を用いて第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法について説明する。図７は、第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。 The manufacturing method of the impeller according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the first embodiment.
　（ステップＳ１）まず、ベースプレート２１の上に、金属粉末（例えば、チタンまたはステンレスなど）を用いた積層造形法により、本実施形態に係る羽根車３の原型となる構造体１４を形成する。 (Step S1) First, the structure 14 that is the prototype of the impeller 3 according to the present embodiment is formed on the base plate 21 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder (for example, titanium or stainless steel).
　（ステップＳ２）次に、構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がす。例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がチタンの場合、ペンチで構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がしてもよい。一方、例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がステンレスの場合、機械加工で構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がしてもよい。 (Step S2) Next, the structure 14 is peeled off from the base plate 21. For example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is titanium, the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 with pliers. On the other hand, for example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is stainless steel, the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 by machining.
　（ステップＳ３）次に、構造体１４から支持部材２２を除去する。例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がチタンの場合、ペンチで構造体１４から支持部材２２を除去してもよい。一方、例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がステンレスの場合、機械加工（例えば、切削加工）で構造体１４から支持部材２２を除去してもよい。 (Step S3) Next, the support member 22 is removed from the structure 14. For example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is titanium, the support member 22 may be removed from the structure 14 with pliers. On the other hand, for example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is stainless steel, the support member 22 may be removed from the structure 14 by machining (for example, cutting).
　（ステップＳ４）次に、構造体１４から補強部材３０を機械加工等（ここでは一例として切削加工）で除去する。ここで、本実施形態では、構造体１４から第２の部材３２を除去した後、構造体１４から第１の部材３１を除去する。具体的には、ペンチやカッター等で構造体１４から羽根車３よりも金属密度が低い部材（本実施形態では、第２の部材３２）を切断し、次に羽根車３と金属密度が同じ部分（本実施形態では、第１の部材３１）を旋盤にて切削する。当該旋盤での切削は、ステップＳ５における研磨作業を兼ねることができるため作業工程を簡略化できる。また、旋盤では、加工中に被加工物の硬さが変化すると加工機械が（特に工具刃）傷んでしまう虞があるため、補強部材３０のうちの少なくとも一端部３０ａは、主板１１の外周面の一周に渡り連結され且つ主板１１と同じ金属密度で形成されるとよい。 (Step S4) Next, the reinforcing member 30 is removed from the structure 14 by machining or the like (cutting as an example here). Here, in the present embodiment, after removing the second member 32 from the structure 14, the first member 31 is removed from the structure 14. Specifically, a member having a lower metal density than the impeller 3 (the second member 32 in this embodiment) is cut from the structure 14 with pliers or a cutter, and then the impeller 3 has the same metal density. The portion (the first member 31 in this embodiment) is cut by a lathe. The cutting with the lathe can double as the polishing work in step S5, so that the working process can be simplified. Further, in the lathe, if the hardness of the work piece changes during processing, the processing machine may be damaged (particularly the tool blade). Therefore, at least one end portion 30 a of the reinforcing member 30 has an outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11. It is preferable that they are connected over one round and have the same metal density as that of the main plate 11.
　（ステップＳ５）次に、構造体１４を研磨する。前記主板１１、前記側板１２の外表面１１ａ、１２ａは、旋盤等によって切削加工による研磨がなされ、前記主板１１、前記側板１２および前記主翼１３にて形成される流路２０は、スライム等による流体研磨がなされる。なお、ステップＳ５は省略されてもよい。 (Step S5) Next, the structure 14 is polished. The outer surfaces 11a and 12a of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are polished by a lathe or the like by cutting, and the flow path 20 formed by the main plate 11, the side plate 12 and the main wing 13 is a fluid such as slime. Polished. Note that step S5 may be omitted.
ここで、ステップＳ５にて製造された羽根車３は、積層造形にて形成された表面の積層面に対して傾斜した面に積層段差が残り、積層面に平行な面にはレーザ又は電子ビーム等による塗り痕が残る。それに対して、切削加工の面には工具痕（例えば筋目方向の傷）が残る。このように、羽根車３は、積層造形にて形成された流路面（流路面１１ｂ、１２ｂ、および主翼１３の表面１３ａ、裏面１３ｂ）と、機械加工された面（外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃおよび外表面１１ａ、１２ａ）との表面粗さが異なる。そして、主板１１は、流路面１１ｂにおける表面粗さが外周面１１ｃよりも粗い。一例として、主板１１の流路面１１ｂ（流路面のうち上側の面）の表面粗さはＳａ（算術平均高さ）が２０μｍ～１００μｍであるのに対して、外周面１１ｃ（旋盤加工された面）の表面粗さはＳａが５μｍ以下である。
特に、クローズドインペラの製造において、鋳物や溶接に比して積層造形であれば、複雑な流路を形成でき、更に、積層造形にて変形しやすい主板１１または／および側板１２は旋盤等で後から切削加工することで、所望する形状の羽根車３を製造できる。 Here, in the impeller 3 manufactured in step S5, a stacking step remains on a surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing that is inclined with respect to the stacking surface, and a laser or electron beam is formed on a surface parallel to the stacking surface. A coating mark due to etc. remains. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface. As described above, the impeller 3 includes the flow path surfaces (flow path surfaces 11b and 12b, the front surface 13a and the back surface 13b of the main wing 13) formed by additive manufacturing, and the machined surfaces (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c and the outer surface). The surface roughness is different from that of the surfaces 11a and 12a). The surface roughness of the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 is rougher than that of the outer peripheral surface 11c. As an example, the surface roughness Sa of the flow path surface 11b (upper surface of the flow path surface) of the main plate 11 is 20 μm to 100 μm while the outer peripheral surface 11c (the surface that has been lathe processed). The surface roughness Sa of Sa is 5 μm or less.
In particular, in the manufacture of a closed impeller, if the additive manufacturing is additive manufacturing as compared with casting or welding, a complicated flow path can be formed, and further, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 that is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is a lathe or the like. The impeller 3 having a desired shape can be manufactured by cutting from.
　なお、ステップＳ３とステップＳ４の順番は逆でもよい。 Note that the order of steps S3 and S4 may be reversed.
　このように、羽根車３は、上下に配置される少なくとも一対の端部である外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃを有し、補強部材３０の一端部３０ａが、一対の端部のうち上方の端部（外周面１１ｃ）の少なくとも一部に連結するように、構造体１４が形成される。また、積層造形により形成された主板１１、側板１２および主翼１３にて形成される流路２０と、切削加工にて形成された主板１１の外周側の端部である一端部１１ｃとの表面粗さが異なる。 Thus, the impeller 3 has the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c that are at least a pair of end portions arranged vertically, and the one end portion 30a of the reinforcing member 30 has the upper end portion (of the pair of end portions) ( The structure 14 is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of the outer peripheral surface 11c). In addition, the surface roughness of the flow path 20 formed by the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13 formed by additive manufacturing, and the one end 11c which is the outer peripheral side end of the main plate 11 formed by cutting. But different.
　なお、本実施形態では一例として、図６に示すように、主板１１の外周面１１ｃの一周に渡って補強部材３０を連結するようにしたが、これに限ったものではなく、主板１１の外周面１１ｃの半周毎に半周分に相当する補強部材３０を連結してもよいし、外周方向に間隔を設けて円弧分に相当する補強部材３０を複数連結してもよい。また、補強部材３０は、主板１１の外周面に限らず、主板１１の外周側の端部（表面の端部または裏面の端部）に連結していてもよい。このように、補強部材３０は、主板１１の端部（例えば、外周面）の少なくとも一部に連結していればよい。特に、主翼１３は補強部材３０と同様に積層造形時に主板１１を支持することができるので、外周面１１ｃの主翼１３に接する部分から所定の間隔を空けて補強部材３０を配置してもよい。また、本実施形態では、第１の部材３１は側板１１の外周面１１ｃの一周に渡り、且つ、複数の第２の部材３２が第１の部材３１の外周側の一周に渡り設けられている。一実施形態では、第１の部材３１は側板１１の外周面１１ｃの一周に渡り、且つ、第２の部材３２が第１の部材３１の外周側の少なくとも一部に設けられてもよい。 In the present embodiment, as an example, as shown in FIG. 6, the reinforcing member 30 is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11, but the embodiment is not limited to this, and the outer circumference of the main plate 11 is not limited to this. For each half circumference of the surface 11c, the reinforcing members 30 corresponding to a half circumference may be connected, or a plurality of reinforcing members 30 corresponding to an arc may be connected at intervals in the outer circumferential direction. Further, the reinforcing member 30 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11, and may be connected to the outer peripheral side end portion (front surface end portion or back surface end portion) of the main plate 11. Thus, the reinforcing member 30 may be connected to at least a part of the end portion (for example, the outer peripheral surface) of the main plate 11. In particular, since the main wing 13 can support the main plate 11 at the time of additive manufacturing similarly to the reinforcing member 30, the reinforcing member 30 may be arranged at a predetermined distance from the portion of the outer peripheral surface 11c in contact with the main wing 13. In addition, in the present embodiment, the first member 31 is provided over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the side plate 11, and the plurality of second members 32 are provided over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31. .. In one embodiment, the first member 31 may extend over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 11 c of the side plate 11, and the second member 32 may be provided on at least part of the outer peripheral side of the first member 31.
　＜第１の実施形態の第１の変形例＞
　続いて第１の実施形態の第１の変形例について説明する。図８は、第１の実施形態の第１の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。第１の実施形態の構造体は、主板１１より上に側板１２が積層形成され、補強部材３０が側板１２に連結されているものとして説明したが、第１の実施形態の第１の変形例に係る構造体は、主板１１より上に側板１２が積層形成されたものであり、補強部材４０が、主板１１ではなく側板１２に連結されている点が異なっている。これは、主板１１が支持部材２３によって支持されるようになる一方、側板１２の外周面１２ｃ側は支持部材で支持されなくなるので、補強部材４０で支持するためである。 <First Modification of First Embodiment>
Then, the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the first modification of the first embodiment. The structure of the first embodiment has been described on the assumption that the side plate 12 is laminated and formed on the main plate 11 and the reinforcing member 30 is connected to the side plate 12, but the first modification of the first embodiment. The structure according to (1) is different in that the side plate 12 is laminated and formed on the main plate 11, and the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the side plate 12 instead of the main plate 11. This is because the main plate 11 comes to be supported by the supporting member 23, while the outer peripheral surface 12c side of the side plate 12 is no longer supported by the supporting member, so that it is supported by the reinforcing member 40.
　図８に示すように、補強部材４０の一端４０ａが側板１２の外周面１２ｃに連結している。また補強部材４０の第２の部材４２が主板１１の外周面から離れている。補強部材４０の他端４０ｂがベースプレート２１に連結している。 As shown in FIG. 8, one end 40a of the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12. The second member 42 of the reinforcing member 40 is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11. The other end 40b of the reinforcing member 40 is connected to the base plate 21.
　補強部材４０は、当該補強部材４０の一端４０ａから略水平に延伸する第１の部材４１と、当該補強部材４０の他端４０ｂから垂直方向に延伸して第１の部材４１を支持する第２の部材４２と、を有する。この第２の部材４２と主板１１との間の水平距離Ｄは、積層する素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である。この構成によれば、第２の部材４２と主板１１との間の水平距離Ｄを設ける。なぜならば、当接した第２の部材４２と主板１１を積層造形した結果、形成不良等で第２の部材４２が異物として流路２０内に入り込んでしまうと、当該流路内の第２の部材４２を後工程で流路２０から取り除かなければならないからである。特に、搬送流体が気体等のタービンの羽根車に比して搬送流体が液体のポンプの場合、流路２０内の異物による圧損が顕著に現れる。しかしながら、主板１１、側板１２および主翼１３にて形成される流路２０から異物を取り除くのは困難である。そのため、特に搬送流体が液体のポンプの場合には、水平距離Ｄを設け異物が流路２０内に入るのを防止することが有効である。また、第１の部材４１を当該限界距離以下で延伸することによって、補強部材４０が途中で崩れ落ちるのを抑制することができる。 The reinforcing member 40 has a first member 41 extending substantially horizontally from one end 40 a of the reinforcing member 40 and a second member 41 extending vertically from the other end 40 b of the reinforcing member 40 to support the first member 41. And the member 42 of. The horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the main plate 11 is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material to be laminated. According to this configuration, the horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the main plate 11 is provided. This is because when the second member 42 and the main plate 11 that have come into contact with each other are laminated and molded, and the second member 42 enters the flow path 20 as a foreign substance due to defective formation or the like, the second member 42 in the flow path is damaged. This is because the member 42 has to be removed from the flow path 20 in a later step. In particular, when the carrier fluid is a pump in which the carrier fluid is a liquid as compared with an impeller of a turbine in which the carrier fluid is a gas or the like, the pressure loss due to the foreign matter in the flow path 20 is remarkable. However, it is difficult to remove foreign matter from the flow path 20 formed by the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13. Therefore, especially when the carrier fluid is a liquid pump, it is effective to provide the horizontal distance D to prevent foreign matter from entering the flow path 20. Further, by stretching the first member 41 within the limit distance, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 40 from collapsing halfway.
　本実施形態では、補強部材３０と同様に、一端部４０ａが羽根車３と同じ金属密度で形成され且つ側板１２の外周面１２ｃの一周に渡って連結されることで、第１の部材４１を旋盤にて良好に切削することができる。 In the present embodiment, similarly to the reinforcing member 30, the one end portion 40 a is formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3 and is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 12 c of the side plate 12, so that the first member 41 is connected. Can be satisfactorily cut with a lathe.
　このように、第１の実施形態の第１の変形例における羽根車３は、上下に配置される少なくとも一対の端部である外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃを有し、補強部材４０の一端部４０ａが、一対の端部のうち上方の端部（外周面１２ｃ）の少なくとも一部に連結するように、構造体１４が形成される。また、第１の実施形態と同様に積層造形により形成された側板１２にて形成される流路２０と、切削加工にて形成された側板１２の外周側の端部である一端部１２ｃとの表面粗さが異なる。 Thus, the impeller 3 in the first modified example of the first embodiment has the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c that are at least a pair of upper and lower end portions, and the one end portion 40a of the reinforcing member 40 is The structure 14 is formed so as to be connected to at least a part of the upper end portion (outer peripheral surface 12c) of the pair of end portions. Further, as in the first embodiment, the flow path 20 formed by the side plate 12 formed by additive manufacturing and the one end 12c which is the outer peripheral side end of the side plate 12 formed by cutting work. The surface roughness is different.
　なお、第１の実施形態の第１の変形例では、一例として側板１２の外周面１２ｃの一周に渡って補強部材４０を連結するようにしたが、これに限ったものではなく、側板１２の外周面１２ｃの半周毎に半周分に相当する補強部材４０を連結してもよいし、外周方向に間隔を設けて円弧分に相当する補強部材４０を複数連結してもよい。また、補強部材３０は、側板１２の外周面に限らず、側板１２の外周側の端部（表面の端部または裏面の端部）に連結していてもよい。このように、補強部材４０は、側板１２の端部（例えば、外周面）の少なくとも一部に連結していればよい。 In the first modified example of the first embodiment, as an example, the reinforcing member 40 is connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12, but the invention is not limited to this, and the side plate 12 is not limited thereto. For each half of the outer peripheral surface 12c, the reinforcing member 40 corresponding to a half circumference may be connected, or a plurality of reinforcing members 40 corresponding to an arc may be connected at intervals in the outer circumferential direction. The reinforcing member 30 is not limited to the outer peripheral surface of the side plate 12, and may be connected to the outer peripheral side end of the side plate 12 (front surface end or back surface end). In this way, the reinforcing member 40 may be connected to at least a part of the end portion (for example, the outer peripheral surface) of the side plate 12.
　＜第１の実施形態の第２の変形例＞
　続いて第１の実施形態の第２の変形例について説明する。図９は、第１の実施形態の第２の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。第１の実施形態の第１の変形例に係る構造体では、補強部材４０が一つであったのに対して、第１の実施形態の第２の変形例に係る構造体では、第２の補強部材４３が追加され、その分、第１の変形例に係る支持部材２３より支持部材２４が水平方向に更に長くなっており、第１の変形例に係る補強部材４０の第１の部材４１より補強部材４０ｃの第１の部材４１ｃが水平方向に更に長くなっている点が異なっている。 <Second Modification of First Embodiment>
Then, the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment is demonstrated. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure according to a second modification of the first embodiment. In the structure according to the first modification of the first embodiment, there is one reinforcing member 40, whereas in the structure according to the second modification of the first embodiment, the second The reinforcing member 43 is added, and the supporting member 24 is further longer in the horizontal direction than the supporting member 23 according to the first modified example, and the first member of the reinforcing member 40 according to the first modified example is added. The difference is that the first member 41c of the reinforcing member 40c is longer than the first member 41 in the horizontal direction.
　図９に示すように、構造体１４ｃは、主板１１の外周面の少なくとも一部（ここでは一例として外周面全体）に連結する第２の補強部材４３を有する。第２の補強部材４３は、補強部材４０と同様に、当該第２の補強部材４３の一端部４３ａから略水平に延伸する第１の部材４３ｃと、当該第１の部材４３ｃの他端部４３ｂから垂直方向に延伸して第１の部材４３ｃを支持する第２の部材４４と、を有する。
　補強部材４０ｃは、補強部材４０と同様に、当該補強部材４０ｃの一端部４０ａから略水平に延伸する第１の部材４１ｃと、当該補強部材４０ｃの他端部４０ｂから垂直方向に延伸して第１の部材４１ｃを支持する第２の部材４２と、を有する。第２の部材４２と第２の補強部材４３との間の水平距離Ｄは、金属粉末の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である。
　図７のステップＳ４における除去工程において、構造体１４ｃから補強部材４０ｃに加えて第２の補強部材４３を除去する。よって、補強部材３０と同様に、補強部材４０ｃの一端部４０ａ並びに第２の補強部材４３の一端部４３ａは、羽根車３と同じ金属密度にて形成されるとよい。
　この構成によれば、主板１１の外周面１１ｃと側板１２の外周面１２ｃの両方を支持することができるので、羽根車３の外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃ側の端部の両方の変形を抑制することができる。 As shown in FIG. 9, the structure 14c includes a second reinforcing member 43 that is connected to at least a part of the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11 (here, the entire outer peripheral surface as an example). Similarly to the reinforcing member 40, the second reinforcing member 43 has a first member 43c extending substantially horizontally from one end 43a of the second reinforcing member 43 and the other end 43b of the first member 43c. And a second member 44 that extends in the vertical direction to support the first member 43c.
Similar to the reinforcing member 40, the reinforcing member 40c includes a first member 41c extending substantially horizontally from one end 40a of the reinforcing member 40c and a first member 41c extending vertically from the other end 40b of the reinforcing member 40c. And a second member 42 that supports the first member 41c. The horizontal distance D between the second member 42 and the second reinforcing member 43 is less than or equal to the limit distance determined according to the material of the metal powder.
In the removing step in step S4 of FIG. 7, the second reinforcing member 43 is removed from the structure 14c in addition to the reinforcing member 40c. Therefore, similarly to the reinforcing member 30, the one end portion 40a of the reinforcing member 40c and the one end portion 43a of the second reinforcing member 43 may be formed with the same metal density as that of the impeller 3.
According to this configuration, both the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 can be supported, so that both the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of the impeller 3 are prevented from being deformed. You can
　以上によれば、一実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、主板１１と、側板１２と、当該主板１１と当該側板１２との間に設けられる複数の主翼１３と、補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃと、を有する構造体１４、１４ｂまたは１４ｃを、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、構造体１４、１４ｂまたは１４ｃから前記補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃを除去する除去工程と、を有する。
　この構造体形成工程において、補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃの一端が主板１１と側板１２のうち後に積層造形する方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、且つ補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃが主板１１と側板１２のうち先に積層造形する方の端部から離れており、且つ補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃの他端がベースプレート２１に連結するように、構造体１４、１４ｂまたは１４ｃが形成される。 According to the above, the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the embodiment includes the main plate 11, the side plate 12, the plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and the reinforcing members 30, 40 or. A structure forming step of forming a structure 14, 14b or 14c having 40c by a layered manufacturing method using a metal powder on the base plate 21, and the reinforcing member 30, 40 from the structure 14, 14b or 14c. Or a removal step of removing 40c.
In this structure forming step, one end of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is to be layered later, and the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is the main plate. The structure 14, 14b or 14c is formed such that the structure 11 is separated from the end of the side plate 12 on which the additive manufacturing is performed first and the other end of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to the base plate 21. It
　この構成によれば、ベースプレート２１から積層された補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃが、主板１１と側板１２のうち後に積層造形する方の端部の少なくとも一部を支持するため、主板１１と側板１２のうち後に積層造形する方の端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車３を形成する場合に羽根車３の端部（主板１１または／および側板１２の外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃ側の端部）の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c laminated from the base plate 21 supports at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is to be laminated and formed later, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are formed. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the one to be layered and formed later. Therefore, when the impeller 3 is formed by the additive manufacturing method, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the end portion of the impeller 3 (the end portions on the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c side of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12).
　なお、構造体形成工程において、補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃは、当該補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃのベースプレート２１に連結している他端部３０ｂまたは４０ｂまたは当該補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃの途中の高さから、当該補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃの一端部３０ａまたは他端部３０ｂにかけて、水平より傾いた角度で形成されてもよい。この構成によれば、主板１１の外周面１１ｃまたは側板１２の外周面１２ｃを斜めに支持することができるので、補強部材３０、４０または４０ｃの他端部３０ｂと、主板１１または側板１２との間の水平距離を長くすることができる。傾いた角度で形成されると、水平に形成されるのに比して一層の形成面が少ない。そのため、補強部材３０、４０、４０ｃの第１の部材３１、４１、４１ｃは金属密度を低く（例えば、メッシュ構造）して形成しても形状が安定するので、材料が少なくて済むという利点がある。 In the structure forming step, the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c is connected to the base plate 21 of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c at the other end 30b or 40b or in the middle of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c. From the height of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c to the one end 30a or the other end 30b of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c at an angle inclined from the horizontal. According to this configuration, since the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 or the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 can be obliquely supported, the other end portion 30b of the reinforcing member 30, 40 or 40c and the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 can be supported. The horizontal distance between them can be increased. When it is formed at an inclined angle, the number of formation surfaces is smaller than when it is formed horizontally. Therefore, the shape of the first members 31, 41, 41c of the reinforcing members 30, 40, 40c is stable even if they are formed with a low metal density (for example, a mesh structure). is there.
　＜第２の実施形態＞
　続いて第２の実施形態について説明する。図１０は、第２の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。図１０に示すように、第２の実施形態では、構造体１４ｄを形成する積層方向を、第１の実施形態の積層方法に対して９０度回転させたものになっている。
　図１０に示すように、構造体１４ｄは、主板１１、側板１２、及び主翼１３に加えて、側板１２と連結している補強部材５１、インペラハブ１０と連結している補強部材５２、インペラハブ１０と連結している補強部材５３と、側板１２と連結している補強部材５４、及び主板１１、側板１２及び主翼１３を支持する支持部材２５を備える。本実施形態では、図１０のＡ断面矢視図およびＢ断面矢視図に示すように、補強部材の一端部５２ａ、５３ａが開口部８の全周に渡って連結している。つまり、補強部材の一端部５２ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも上方の端部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５３ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも下方の端部に連結する。同様に、補強部材の一端部５１ａが吸込口９の中点Ｒよりも上方の端部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５４ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも下方の端部に連結する。一実施形態では、補強部材の一端部５２ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５３ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも下方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する。同様に、補強部材の一端部５１ａが吸込口９の中点Ｒよりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５４ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも下方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する。 <Second Embodiment>
Next, the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the second embodiment. As shown in FIG. 10, in the second embodiment, the stacking direction forming the structure 14d is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the stacking method of the first embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 10, in addition to the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13, the structure 14d includes a reinforcing member 51 connected to the side plate 12, a reinforcing member 52 connected to the impeller hub 10, and an impeller hub 10. The reinforcing member 53 that is connected, the reinforcing member 54 that is connected to the side plate 12, and the support member 25 that supports the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13 are provided. In the present embodiment, as shown in the cross-sectional arrow view A and the cross-sectional arrow B view of FIG. 10, the one ends 52a and 53a of the reinforcing members are connected over the entire circumference of the opening 8. That is, the one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to the end above the midpoint R of the opening 8, and the one end 53a of the reinforcing member is connected to the end below the midpoint R of the opening 8. Similarly, one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to an end above the midpoint R of the suction port 9, and one end 54a of the reinforcing member is connected to an end below the midpoint R of the opening 8. .. In one embodiment, the one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the end above the midpoint R of the opening 8, and the one end 53a of the reinforcing member is below the midpoint R of the opening 8. Is connected to at least a part of the end of the. Similarly, the one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the upper end of the suction port 9 above the midpoint R, and the one end 54a of the reinforcing member is below the midpoint R of the opening 8. Connect to at least a portion of the section.
　第２の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程は、図７における第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程に比べて、構造体１４ｄ自体の構成が異なることに加えて、図７のステップＳ４における除去工程において、構造体１４ｄから補強部材５１及び補強部材５２を除去する点が異なり、図７のステップＳ３における除去工程において、構造体１４ｄから支持部材２５を除去する点が異なる。また、羽根車３と、補強部材５１、５２、５３、５４を有する構造体１４ｄを積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程（Ｓ１）と、構造体１４ｄから補強部材５１、５２、５３、５４を除去する除去工程（Ｓ４）と、を有する。構造体形成工程Ｓ１において羽根車３は当該羽根車３の端部の円形の開口（吸込口９、開口部８）が積層面に対し垂直となるように配置される。そして、補強部材の一端部５１ａが吸込口９の中点Ｒ（つまり軸線）よりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５３ａが吸込口９の中点Ｒ（つまり軸線）よりも下方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する。また、補強部材の一端部５２ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、補強部材の一端部５３ａが開口部８の中点Ｒよりも下方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する。これにより、第１の実施形態と同様に、羽根車３の端部である吸込口９および/または開口部８の変形を防止することができる。 The manufacturing process of the impeller according to the second embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14d itself is different, and the step of FIG. The difference is that the reinforcing member 51 and the reinforcing member 52 are removed from the structure 14d in the removal step in S4, and the support member 25 is removed from the structure 14d in the removal step in step S3 of FIG. Further, a structure forming step (S1) of forming the structure 14d having the impeller 3 and the reinforcing members 51, 52, 53, 54 by the additive manufacturing method, and the reinforcing members 51, 52, 53, 54 from the structure 14d. And a removing step (S4) of removing. In the structure forming step S1, the impeller 3 is arranged such that the circular opening (suction port 9, opening 8) at the end of the impeller 3 is perpendicular to the stacking surface. Then, the one end 51a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of the end portion above the midpoint R (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9, and the one end portion 53a of the reinforcing member is the midpoint R of the suction port 9 (that is, It is connected to at least a part of the end below the axis. Further, one end 52a of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of an end portion above the midpoint R of the opening portion 8, and one end portion 53a of the reinforcing member is an end portion below the midpoint R of the opening portion 8. To at least a part of. Thereby, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the deformation of the suction port 9 and/or the opening 8 which is the end of the impeller 3.
　また、一端部５１ａ、５４ａが羽根車３と同じ金属密度で形成され且つ吸込口９の外周面の一周に渡って連結され、一端部５２ａ、５３ａが羽根車３と同じ金属密度で形成され且つインペラハブ１０の外周面１０ｃの一周に渡って連結されることで、補強部材３０と同様にＳ４の切削加工の工程において旋盤にて良好に切削することができる。 Further, the one ends 51a and 54a are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3 and are connected over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral surface of the suction port 9, and the one ends 52a and 53a are formed with the same metal density as the impeller 3. Since the outer peripheral surface 10c of the impeller hub 10 is connected over the entire circumference, the lathe can be satisfactorily cut in the step of S4, which is the same as the reinforcing member 30.
　＜第３の実施形態＞
　続いて第３の実施形態について説明する。図１１は、第３の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。第１の実施形態及び第２の実施形態では片吸込用の羽根車３であったのに対して、第３の実施形態では、両吸込用の羽根車１０３である。なお、第３の実施形態に係る両吸込ポンプの構成図は省略する。 <Third Embodiment>
Subsequently, a third embodiment will be described. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the third embodiment. In contrast to the impeller 3 for single suction in the first and second embodiments, the impeller 103 for double suction is used in the third embodiment. The configuration diagram of the double suction pump according to the third embodiment is omitted.
　図１１に示すように、第３の実施形態に係る構造体１４ｅは、インペラハブ６１ａ、主板６１ｂ、側板６２ａ、６２ｃ、を備えた羽根車１０３に加えて、一端部が側板６２ａの端部に連結され且つ他端部がベースプレート２１に連結された補強部材６４ａと、一端部が側板６２ａの端部に連結され且つ他端部がベースプレート２１に連結された補強部材６４ｂとを備える。
　更に、構造体１４ｅは、一端部がインペラハブ６１ａの端部に連結され且つ他端部がベースプレート２１に連結された補強部材６５ａと、一端がインペラハブ６１ａの端部に連結され且つ他端がベースプレート２１に連結された補強部材６５ｂとを備える。更に、構造体１４ｅは、インペラハブ６１ａを支持する支持部材２６と、側板６２ｃを支持する支持部材２７とを備える。 As shown in FIG. 11, in addition to the impeller 103 including the impeller hub 61a, the main plate 61b, and the side plates 62a and 62c, the structure 14e according to the third embodiment has one end connected to the end of the side plate 62a. And a reinforcing member 64a having the other end connected to the base plate 21, and a reinforcing member 64b having one end connected to the end of the side plate 62a and the other end connected to the base plate 21.
Further, the structure 14e includes a reinforcing member 65a having one end connected to the end of the impeller hub 61a and the other end connected to the base plate 21, and one end connected to the end of the impeller hub 61a and the other end connected to the base plate 21. And a reinforcing member 65b connected to. Further, the structure 14e includes a support member 26 that supports the impeller hub 61a and a support member 27 that supports the side plate 62c.
　補強部材６４ａ、６５ａは、ベースプレート２１に連結された他端から垂直方向に積層された後に、途中の高さから、当該補強部材６４ａ、６５ａの一端にかけて、水平より傾いた角度で形成されている。具体的には、補強部材６４ａは、側板６２ａの端部から、水平線に対して所定の角度θ１で傾斜するように構成されており、補強部材６５ａは、主板６１ｂの端部から、水平線に対して所定の角度θ２で傾斜するように構成されている。ここで、角度θ１と角度θ２は同じであっても異なっていてもよい。補強部材６４ａ、６５ａは、連結される羽根車１０３の端部（ここでは側板６２ａの端部またはインペラハブ６１ａの端部）よりも低い密度であることが好ましい。これにより、補強部材６４ａ、６５ａの素材量を低減することができるので、羽根車１０３の製造コストを抑制することができる。本実施形態では、補強部材６４ａ、６５ａ、６４ｂ、６５ｂは、側板６２ａ、側板６２ｃの端部の軸対称の位置に設けられる。一実施形態では、所定の角度で傾斜する補強部材６４ａ、６５ａが側板６２ａ、側板６２ｃの端部に複数設けられてもよい。一実施形態では、補強部材６４ａ、６５ａが設けられずに補強部材６４ｂ、６５ｂのみが側板６２ａ、側板６２ｃの端部の一周に渡って設けられてもよい。また、一実施形態では、補強部材６４ｂ、６５ｂが設けられずに水平線に対して所定の角度で傾斜する補強部材６４ａ、６５ａのみが側板６２ａ、側板６２ｃの端部の一周に渡って設けられてもよい。 The reinforcing members 64a and 65a are vertically stacked from the other end connected to the base plate 21, and then are formed at an angle inclined from the horizontal from the midway height to one end of the reinforcing members 64a and 65a. .. Specifically, the reinforcing member 64a is configured to incline from the end of the side plate 62a at a predetermined angle θ1 with respect to the horizontal line, and the reinforcing member 65a extends from the end of the main plate 61b to the horizontal line. And is inclined at a predetermined angle θ2. Here, the angle θ1 and the angle θ2 may be the same or different. It is preferable that the reinforcing members 64a and 65a have a lower density than the end portion (here, the end portion of the side plate 62a or the end portion of the impeller hub 61a) of the impeller 103 to be connected. As a result, the amount of material of the reinforcing members 64a and 65a can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller 103 can be suppressed. In the present embodiment, the reinforcing members 64a, 65a, 64b, 65b are provided at axially symmetrical positions of the ends of the side plates 62a, 62c. In one embodiment, a plurality of reinforcing members 64a and 65a that are inclined at a predetermined angle may be provided at the ends of the side plates 62a and 62c. In one embodiment, the reinforcing members 64a and 65a may not be provided, and only the reinforcing members 64b and 65b may be provided over the entire circumference of the end portions of the side plates 62a and 62c. Further, in one embodiment, the reinforcing members 64b and 65b are not provided, and only the reinforcing members 64a and 65a that are inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal line are provided over the entire circumference of the end portions of the side plates 62a and 62c. Good.
　第３の実施形態に係る羽根車１３０の製造工程は、図７における第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程に比べて、構造体１４ｅ自体の構成が異なることに加えて、図７のステップＳ３における除去工程において、構造体１４ｅから支持部材２６、２７を除去する点が異なり、図７のステップＳ４における除去工程において、構造体１４ｅから補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂを除去する点が異なる。 The manufacturing process of the impeller 130 according to the third embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14e itself is different, and In the removing step in step S3, the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14e, and in the removing step in step S4 of FIG. 7, the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b are removed from the structure 14e. Is different.
　このように、本実施形態に係る羽根車１０３の製造工程では、上下に配置される一対の端部である主板６１ｂの端部と側板６２ａの端部を有し、補強部材６４ａまたは／および６４ｂの一端が、当該一対の端部のうち上方の端部である側板６２ａの少なくとも一部に連結する構造体１４ｅが形成される。また、羽根車３の製造では、上下に配置される一対の端部である主板６１ｂの端部と側板６２ｃの端部を有し、補強部材６５ａまたは／および６５ｂの一端が、当該一対の端部のうち上方の端部である主板６１ｂの少なくとも一部に連結する構造体１４ｅが形成される。 As described above, in the manufacturing process of the impeller 103 according to the present embodiment, the reinforcing member 64a or/and 64b has the end portion of the main plate 61b and the end portion of the side plate 62a which are a pair of upper and lower end portions. A structure 14e having one end connected to at least a part of the side plate 62a, which is the upper end of the pair of ends, is formed. In the manufacture of the impeller 3, the main plate 61b, which is a pair of upper and lower ends, and the side plate 62c have an end portion, and one end of the reinforcing member 65a or/and 65b is the end portion of the pair. A structure 14e that is connected to at least a part of the main plate 61b that is the upper end of the portion is formed.
　以上、第３の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程は、主板６１ｂと、側板６２ａ、６２ｃ、と、当該主板６１ｂと当該側板６２ａ、６２ｃとの間に設けられる主翼６３と、補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂと、を有する構造体１４ｅを、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、構造体１４ｅから補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂを除去する除去工程と、を有する。
　この構造体形成工程において、補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂの一端が前記主板６１ｂの端部の少なくとも一部または側板６２ａの端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、且つ補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂの他端がベースプレート２１に連結するように、構造体１４ｅが形成される。 As described above, in the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the third embodiment, the main plate 61b, the side plates 62a and 62c, the main wing 63 provided between the main plate 61b and the side plates 62a and 62c, and the reinforcing member 64a, A structure forming step of forming a structure 14e having 64b, 65a, 65b on the base plate 21 by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder; and a reinforcing member 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b from the structure 14e. And a removing step of removing.
In this structure forming step, one end of the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b is connected to at least a part of the end of the main plate 61b or at least a part of the end of the side plate 62a, and the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, The structure 14e is formed so that the other ends of the 65a and 65b are connected to the base plate 21.
　この構成によれば、ベースプレート２１から積層された補強部材６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂが、主板６１ｂの端部の少なくとも一部または側板６２ａの端部の少なくとも一部を支持するため、主板６１ｂの端部または側板６２ａの端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the reinforcing members 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b laminated from the base plate 21 support at least a part of the end portion of the main plate 61b or at least a part of the end portion of the side plate 62a, the main plate 61b is not supported. The deformation of the end portion or the end portion of the side plate 62a can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
　＜第４の実施形態＞
　続いて第４の実施形態について説明する。図１２は、第４の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。図１２に示すように、第４の実施形態では、構造体１４ｆを形成する積層方向を、第３の実施形態の積層方法に対して９０度回転させたものになっている。 <Fourth Embodiment>
Subsequently, a fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an example of the structure according to the fourth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 12, in the fourth embodiment, the stacking direction forming the structure 14f is rotated by 90 degrees with respect to the stacking method of the third embodiment.
　図１２に示すように、構造体１４ｆは、インペラハブ６１ａ、主板６１ｂ、側板６２ａ、６２ｂ、６２ｃ、６２ｄ、主翼６３を備える羽根車１０３に加えて、側板６２ａと連結している補強部材６６ａと、側板６２ｃと連結している補強部材６６ｃと、主板６１ｂを支持する支持部材２６と、側板６２ｂ、６２ｄを支持する支持部材２７とを備える。本実施形態では、補強部材６６ａ、６６ｃが側板６２ａ、６２ｃの最上部にのみ接続するように設けられている。一実施形態では、吸込口９の中点Ｒ１（つまり軸線）よりも上方に位置する側板６２ａ、６２ｃの端部の全てに補強部材６６ａ、６６ｃが接してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 12, in addition to the impeller 103 including the impeller hub 61a, the main plate 61b, the side plates 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, and the main wing 63, the structure 14f includes a reinforcing member 66a connected to the side plate 62a, A reinforcing member 66c connected to the side plate 62c, a support member 26 that supports the main plate 61b, and a support member 27 that supports the side plates 62b and 62d are provided. In this embodiment, the reinforcing members 66a and 66c are provided so as to be connected only to the uppermost portions of the side plates 62a and 62c. In one embodiment, the reinforcing members 66a and 66c may be in contact with all of the ends of the side plates 62a and 62c located above the midpoint R1 (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9.
　第４の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程は、図７における第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程に比べて、構造体１４ｆ自体の構成が異なることに加えて、図７のステップＳ４における除去工程において、構造体１４ｆから補強部材６６ａ、６６ｃを除去する点が異なり、図７のステップＳ３における除去工程において、構造体１４ｆから支持部材２６、２７を除去する点が異なる。 The manufacturing process of the impeller according to the fourth embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14f itself is different, and the step of FIG. The difference is that the reinforcing members 66a and 66c are removed from the structure 14f in the removal step in S4, and the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14f in the removal step in Step S3 of FIG.
　このように、羽根車３と、補強部材６６ａ、６６ｃを有する構造体１４ｆを積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程（Ｓ１）と、構造体１４ｄから補強部材６６ａ、６６ｃを除去する除去工程（Ｓ４）と、を有する。構造体形成工程Ｓ１において羽根車３は当該羽根車３の端部の円形の開口（吸込口９）が積層面に対し垂直となるように配置される。そして、補強部材６６ａの一端部６６ａ１が吸込口９の中点Ｒ１（つまり軸線）よりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、補強部材６６ｃの一端部６６ｃ１が吸込口９の中点Ｒ（つまり軸線）よりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する。これにより、第１の実施形態と同様に、羽根車１０３の端部である吸込口９の変形を防止することができる。 As described above, the structure forming step (S1) of forming the impeller 3 and the structure 14f having the reinforcing members 66a and 66c by the additive manufacturing method, and the removing step of removing the reinforcing members 66a and 66c from the structure 14d ( S4), and. In the structure forming step S1, the impeller 3 is arranged such that the circular opening (suction port 9) at the end of the impeller 3 is perpendicular to the stacking surface. Then, the one end 66a1 of the reinforcing member 66a is connected to at least a part of the end above the midpoint R1 (that is, the axis) of the suction port 9, and the one end 66c1 of the reinforcing member 66c is the midpoint R of the suction port 9. (That is, connected to at least a part of the end portion above the axis). Thereby, similarly to the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the deformation of the suction port 9 which is the end portion of the impeller 103.
　＜第５の実施形態＞
　続いて第５の実施形態について説明する。図１３は、第５の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の斜視図である。図１４は、第５の実施形態に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。第１、第２、第３及び第４の実施形態の羽根車はクローズドインペラであったのに対して、第５の実施形態の羽根車はオープン形インペラである。 <Fifth Embodiment>
Subsequently, a fifth embodiment will be described. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an example of a structure according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 14: is sectional drawing of an example of the structure which concerns on 5th Embodiment. The impellers of the first, second, third and fourth embodiments were closed impellers, whereas the impeller of the fifth embodiment was an open type impeller.
　図１３及び図１４に示すように、構造体１４ｇは、インペラハブ７０と、順に連結された複数の主翼７１、７２、７３、７４と、を備える羽根車２０３と、主翼７２の外周面に連結されている補強部材８３と、主翼７３の外周面に連結されている補強部材８３と、主翼７２の外周面に連結されている補強部材８４と、主翼７３の外周面に連結されている補強部材８５と、主翼７４を支持する支持部材２８と、を備える。 As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the structure 14g is connected to the impeller hub 70, an impeller 203 including a plurality of main blades 71, 72, 73, 74 connected in order, and an outer peripheral surface of the main blade 72. Reinforcing member 83, the reinforcing member 83 connected to the outer peripheral surface of the main wing 73, the reinforcing member 84 connected to the outer peripheral surface of the main wing 72, and the reinforcing member 85 connected to the outer peripheral surface of the main wing 73. And a support member 28 that supports the main wing 74.
　第５の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程は、図７における第１の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程に比べて、構造体１４ｇ自体の構成が異なることに加えて、図７のステップＳ４における除去工程において、構造体１４ｇから補強部材８２、８３を除去する点が異なり、図７のステップＳ３における除去工程において、構造体１４ｇから支持部材２８を除去する点が異なる。 The manufacturing process of the impeller according to the fifth embodiment is different from the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the first embodiment in FIG. 7 in that the structure of the structure 14g itself is different, and the step of FIG. The difference is that the reinforcing members 82 and 83 are removed from the structure 14g in the removal step in S4, and the support member 28 is removed from the structure 14g in the removal step in Step S3 of FIG.
　以上、第５の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、複数の主翼７１～７４と、補強部材８２、８３と、を有する構造体１４ｇを、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、構造体１４ｇから補強部材８２、８３を除去する除去工程と、を有する。つまり、本実施形態に係る羽根車２０３の製造工程では、上下に配置される一対の端部である主翼７２、７３を有し、補強部材８２の一端部が、当該一対の端部のうち上方の端部である主翼７２の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する構造体１４ｇが形成される。また、上下に配置される一対の端部である主翼７３、７４を有し、補強部材８３の一端部が、当該一対の端部のうち上方の端部である主翼７３の端部の少なくとも一部に連結する構造体１４ｇが形成される。
　この構造体形成工程において、補強部材８３の一端が複数の主翼のうち後に積層造形する方（例えば、主翼７３）の端部の少なくとも一部に連結し、且つ補強部材８３が複数の主翼のうち先に積層造形する方（例えば、主翼７４）の端部から離れており、且つ補強部材８３の他端がベースプレート２１に連結するように、構造体１４ｇが形成される。 As described above, in the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the fifth embodiment, the structure 14g having the plurality of main wings 71 to 74 and the reinforcing members 82 and 83 is laminated on the base plate 21 using the metal powder. The method includes a structure forming step of forming by a method and a removing step of removing the reinforcing members 82 and 83 from the structure 14g. That is, in the manufacturing process of the impeller 203 according to the present embodiment, the main blades 72 and 73 that are a pair of upper and lower end portions are provided, and one end portion of the reinforcing member 82 is located above the pair of end portions. 14g that is connected to at least a part of the end of the main wing 72 that is the end of the structure. Further, it has main wings 73 and 74 that are a pair of ends arranged vertically, and one end of the reinforcing member 83 is at least one of the ends of the main wing 73 that is the upper end of the pair of ends. The structure 14g connected to the part is formed.
In this structure forming step, one end of the reinforcing member 83 is connected to at least a part of the end of the one of the plurality of main wings to be layered later (for example, the main wing 73), and the reinforcing member 83 is among the plurality of main wings. The structure 14g is formed so as to be separated from the end of the one to be layered first (for example, the main wing 74), and the other end of the reinforcing member 83 is connected to the base plate 21.
　この構成によれば、ベースプレートから積層された補強部材が、複数の主翼のうち先に積層造形する後に積層造形する方の端部の少なくとも一部を支持するため、複数の主翼のうち先に積層造形する後に積層造形する方の端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, since the reinforcing member laminated from the base plate supports at least a part of the end portion of the one of the plurality of main wings to be subjected to the additive manufacturing after the additive modeling is applied to the main blade, the main member is first laminated to the main blade. It is possible to suppress the deformation of the end of the layered modeling after the modeling. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller can be suppressed.
　なお、ステップＳ５にて製造された上述の羽根車１０３、２０３は、羽根車３と同様に、積層造形にて形成された表面の積層面に対して傾斜した面に積層段差が残り、積層面に平行な面にはレーザ又は電子ビーム等による塗り痕が残る。それに対して、切削加工の面には工具痕（例えば筋目方向の傷）が残る。このように、羽根車１０３、２０３においても、積層造形にて形成された面と、機械加工された面との表面粗さが異なり、積層造形にて形成された面の表面粗さは、機械加工された面よりも粗い。上述したように、鋳物や溶接に比して複雑な形状を製造できる積層造形にて構造体１４～１４ｇを形成し、積層造形にて変形しやすい端部に接続された補強部材を旋盤等で後から切削加工することで、所望する形状の羽根車を製造できる。 In the impellers 103 and 203 manufactured in step S5, similar to the impeller 3, a laminated step is left on the surface inclined by the laminated surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing, and the laminated surface A mark left by a laser or an electron beam remains on the surface parallel to the. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface. Thus, also in the impellers 103 and 203, the surface roughness of the surface formed by additive manufacturing is different from that of the machined surface, and the surface roughness of the surface formed by additive manufacturing is Rougher than the machined surface. As described above, the structures 14 to 14g are formed by additive manufacturing capable of manufacturing a complicated shape as compared with casting or welding, and a reinforcing member connected to an end portion which is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is latheed. An impeller having a desired shape can be manufactured by performing a cutting process later.
　なお、各実施形態において、ベースプレート２１の上に積層したが、ベースプレート２１はなくてもよい。また、各実施形態において、羽根車を構成する材料は、金属に限らず、合成樹脂、カーボン、または複合材などであってもよく、その場合、合成樹脂の粉末、カーボンの粉末、または複合材の粉末を用いて積層造形してもよい。また、各実施形態において、粉末を用いて積層造形したが、これに限らず、ワイヤーを積層するような積層造形であってもよい。 In each of the embodiments, the base plate 21 is stacked, but the base plate 21 may be omitted. Further, in each embodiment, the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material. In that case, synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or composite material. The powder may be used for additive manufacturing. Further, in each of the embodiments, the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
　＜第６の実施形態＞
　第６の実施形態では、ベースプレートの上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により、第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成する。ここで、積層造形法は、所望の羽根車の形状に合わせて配置した金属粉末を、レーザ又は電子ビーム等による熱エネルギーにより焼結させる。金属粉末の配置及び焼結といった工程を順次繰り返すことで、焼結された金属粉末が積層され、所望の形状の羽根車の原型となる構造体が形成される。 <Sixth Embodiment>
In the sixth embodiment, a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment is formed on the base plate by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder. Here, in the additive manufacturing method, the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam. By sequentially repeating the steps of arranging and sintering the metal powder, the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
　図１５は、第６の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。図１６は、図１５に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。図１５及び図１６に示すように、ポンプは、吸込口１ａと吐出し口１ｂを有するポンプケーシング１と、ケーシングカバー２とを備えている。羽根車３は、その吸込口がポンプケーシング１の吸込口１ａを向くようにポンプケーシング１の内部に配置され、吸込口１ａからポンプケーシング１の内部に入った流体は、羽根車３を通って昇圧され、ポンプケーシング１の吐出し口１ｂから外部に排出される。羽根車３は、軸受胴体４に組込まれた軸受５ａ、５ｂに支持された主軸であるポンプ軸６のポンプケーシング１側の端部に固定されている。ポンプ軸６の他端には図示しない駆動機が連結されており、ポンプ軸６を介して羽根車３が回転駆動される。図１６は、ポンプケーシング１を吸込口１ａ側からみた図を示す。 FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the sixth embodiment. 16 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2. The impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port faces the suction port 1 a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the inside of the pump casing 1 from the suction port 1 a passes through the impeller 3. The pressure is increased and discharged from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1 to the outside. The impeller 3 is fixed to an end of the pump casing 1 side of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5 a and 5 b incorporated in the bearing body 4. A drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6. FIG. 16 shows a view of the pump casing 1 viewed from the suction port 1a side.
　図１７は、図１５に示す羽根車の断面図である。図１８は、図１７に示す羽根車を、その吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。図１７及び図１８に示すように、羽根車３は、インペラハブ１０、主板１１、側板１２及び主板１１と側板１２との間に配置された複数の主翼１３から構成されている。インペラハブ１０は、ポンプ軸６に固定され、主翼１３を取り付ける回転体である。インペラハブ１０には、ポンプ軸６が嵌る開口部８が形成されている。主板１１は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、インペラハブ１０に連なる側の側壁である。側板１２は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、主翼１３に支えられる側の側壁である。主翼１３は、揚液にエネルギーを与える羽根であり、インペラハブ１０に取り付けられる。主翼１３は、この例では、厚さｔ１の板状に形成されて、互いに隣接する一方の主翼１３の回転方向側の表面１３ａと他方の主翼１３の反回転方向側の裏面１３ｂとの間に、主板１１の流路面１１ｂ、側板１２の流路面１２ｂにて画定された流路２０がそれぞれ区画形成されている。また図１７には、主板１１と側板１２との間に形成された流路２０の出口幅Ｂ２が示されている。 FIG. 17 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. FIG. 18 is a partially cutaway front view of the impeller shown in FIG. 17, as viewed from the suction port side. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the impeller 3 is composed of an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. The impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that is fixed to the pump shaft 6 and to which the main wing 13 is attached. The impeller hub 10 is formed with an opening 8 into which the pump shaft 6 is fitted. The main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10. The side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13. The main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10. In this example, the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side that are adjacent to each other. The flow path 20 defined by the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 and the flow path surface 12b of the side plate 12 is partitioned and formed. Further, FIG. 17 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
　図１９は、第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体の一例の断面図である。図１９に示すように、羽根車の原型となる構造体１４は、インペラハブ１０と、主板１１と、側板１２と、当該主板１１と当該側板１２との間に設けられる複数の主翼１３と、一例として主板１１及び側板１２の両方の外表面１１ａ、１２ａ及び外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃに連結されている加工しろ部材２２と、を備える。更に、構造体１４は、インペラハブ１０の開口部８の内側に形成されている加工しろ部材２４と、開口部８の下面を覆うように設けられた加工しろ部材２５と、加工しろ部材２２を支持する支持部材２６と、加工しろ部材２５を支持する支持部材２７と、を備える。
　ポンプ軸６が取り付けられるインペラハブ１０の開口部８を形成するインペラハブ１０の内周面１０ｂは、ポンプ軸６に傷がつくのを防止するため表面の加工精度が必要である。よって、図１９に示すように、積層造形時にインペラハブ１０の開口部８の内側に、切削加工用の加工しろ部材２４が形成されるとよい。この構成により、加工しろ部材２４を切削し研磨することで、インペラハブ１０の開口部８の内周面１０ｂを微鏡面仕上げ等の滑らかな表面粗さに加工できる。これにより、ポンプ軸６を嵌合する際にポンプ軸６に傷がつくのを防止することができる。
　構造体１４には、吸込口１ａに連通する開口部９が設けられている。構造体１４は、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成されている。インペラハブ１０の内周面１０ｂに加工しろ部材２４が設けられており、インペラハブ１０の上面１０ｃと加工しろ部材２４の上面が同じ高さにあり、インペラハブ１０の下面１０ａと加工しろ部材２４の下面が同じ高さにある。 FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 19, a structure 14 serving as a prototype of an impeller includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and an example. And a work margin member 22 connected to the outer surfaces 11a and 12a and the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of both the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. Further, the structure 14 supports the machining allowance member 24 formed inside the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10, the machining allowance member 25 provided so as to cover the lower surface of the opening 8, and the machining allowance member 22. And a support member 27 that supports the processing margin member 25.
The inner peripheral surface 10b of the impeller hub 10 that forms the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 to which the pump shaft 6 is attached requires surface processing accuracy in order to prevent the pump shaft 6 from being scratched. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 19, it is preferable that the processing margin member 24 for cutting is formed inside the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 at the time of additive manufacturing. With this configuration, by cutting and polishing the processing margin member 24, the inner peripheral surface 10b of the opening 8 of the impeller hub 10 can be processed to have a smooth surface roughness such as microscopic finish. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the pump shaft 6 from being damaged when the pump shaft 6 is fitted.
The structure 14 is provided with an opening 9 communicating with the suction port 1a. The structure 14 is formed on the base plate 21 by an additive manufacturing method using metal powder. The machining margin member 24 is provided on the inner peripheral surface 10b of the impeller hub 10, the upper surface 10c of the impeller hub 10 and the upper surface of the machining margin member 24 are at the same height, and the lower surface 10a of the impeller hub 10 and the lower surface of the machining margin member 24 are At the same height.
　ここで、加工しろ部材２２の主板１１及び側板１２の吐出し側の端部（外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃ）側の幅Ｂ３は、流路２０の出口幅（主板１１の流路面１１ｂと側板１２の流路面１２ｂとの間の距離）Ｂ２より長い。また加工しろ部材２２の底面２２ａと水平面との角度θ１は、４０～５０度の範囲が好ましく、加工しろ部材２２の底面２２ａと鉛直面との角度θ２は、４０～５０度の範囲が好ましい。 Here, the width B3 of the end portions (outer peripheral surfaces 11c, 12c) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 of the processing margin member 22 on the discharge side is equal to the outlet width of the flow path 20 (the flow surface 11b of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12). The distance from the flow path surface 12b) B2 is longer. The angle θ1 between the bottom surface 22a of the work allowance member 22 and the horizontal plane is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees, and the angle θ2 between the bottom surface 22a of the work allowance member 22 and the vertical plane is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees.
　図２０は、第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造工程の途中で形成される構造体１４の加工しろ部材２４を、吸込口側から見たときの正面図である。図２０に示すように、加工しろ部材２４の表面には、製造番号が分かるように凹凸３１が設けられている。これにより、作業者が製造番号を把握することができるので、加工しろ部材２４を切削加工で取り除く際に、構造体を取り違えるミスを抑制することができる。 FIG. 20 is a front view of the processing margin member 24 of the structure 14 formed during the manufacturing process of the impeller according to the sixth embodiment, as viewed from the suction port side. As shown in FIG. 20, irregularities 31 are provided on the surface of the processing margin member 24 so that the serial number can be seen. Thereby, the operator can grasp the serial number, and thus, when removing the machining allowance member 24 by cutting, it is possible to suppress the mistake of mistaking the structure.
　また、加工しろ部材２４の表面には、矢印の形をした凹凸Ａ１が設けられており、開口部８の直径が分かるように、直径を示す凹凸３３が設けられている。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２４を削るときに、削る範囲を容易に判断することができる。 Further, an unevenness A1 in the shape of an arrow is provided on the surface of the workable member 24, and an unevenness 33 showing the diameter is provided so that the diameter of the opening 8 can be seen. Accordingly, when the operator scrapes the working margin member 24, it is possible to easily determine the cutting range.
　更に、加工しろ部材２４の表面には、鍵穴のような形状の凹凸３４が設けられている。また、開口部８の中心に相当する加工しろ部材２３の表面位置に凹凸３５が設けられる。ここでは凹凸３５は十字の形をしている。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２４を削るときに、開口部８の中心に相当する位置を把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 Furthermore, the surface of the processing margin member 24 is provided with irregularities 34 having a shape like a keyhole. Further, the unevenness 35 is provided at the surface position of the processing margin member 23 corresponding to the center of the opening 8. Here, the unevenness 35 has a cross shape. With this, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member 24, it is possible to grind in a state in which the position corresponding to the center of the opening 8 is grasped, and thus it is possible to reduce a grinding error.
　更に、加工しろ部材２４の表面には、当該加工しろ部材２４の曲率半径Ｒａを示す凹凸３６が設けられている。また、加工しろ部材２４の表面には、寸法公差を示す凹凸３７が設けられている。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２４を削るときに、曲率半径Ｒａ及び寸法公差を把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 Further, the surface of the processing allowance member 24 is provided with unevenness 36 indicating the radius of curvature Ra of the processing allowance member 24. Further, the surface of the processing margin member 24 is provided with unevenness 37 showing a dimensional tolerance. As a result, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member 24, he/she can grind it while grasping the radius of curvature Ra and the dimensional tolerance, so that the grinding error can be reduced.
　このように、加工しろ部材２４には、インペラハブ１０の一部（例えば、開口部８）の寸法（例えば、直径）、またはインペラハブ１０の一部（例えば、開口部８）の形状に関するパラメータ（例えば、曲率半径Ｒａまたは寸法公差）を表す凹凸が表面に設けられている。この構成によれば、作業者が加工しろ部材２４を削るときに、寸法及び形状に関するパラメータを把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 As described above, the processing margin member 24 has a parameter (for example, a dimension) of a part (for example, the opening 8) of the impeller hub 10 or a shape (for example, a diameter) of the part of the impeller hub 10 (for example, the opening 8). , A radius of curvature Ra or a dimensional tolerance) is provided on the surface. According to this configuration, when the operator grinds the machining allowance member 24, he/she can grind it while grasping the parameters relating to the dimensions and the shape, so that the grinding mistake can be reduced.
　なお、上記の凹凸３１、３３～３７は、加工しろ部材２４の表面から凸であってもよいし、加工しろ部材２４の表面から凹んでいてもよい。 The above-mentioned unevenness 31, 33 to 37 may be convex from the surface of the processing allowance member 24 or may be recessed from the surface of the processing allowance member 24.
　加工しろ部材２５にも、加工しろ部材２４と同様に、開口部８の中心に相当する加工しろ部材２５の表面位置に凹凸が設けられるか、及び／または開口部８の内周に相当する加工しろ部材２５の表面位置に凹凸が設けられていてもよい。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２５を削るときに、どこまで削っていいのかを容易に判断することができる。 Similarly to the machining allowance member 24, the machining allowance member 25 is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the machining allowance member 25 corresponding to the center of the opening 8 and/or machining corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 8. Concavities and convexities may be provided on the surface position of the margin member 25. This allows the operator to easily determine how far to grind the working margin member 25.
　また、加工しろ部材２５にも、加工しろ部材２４と同様に、インペラハブ１０の一部（例えば、開口部８）の寸法、またはインペラハブ１０の一部の形状に関するパラメータ（例えば、曲率半径または寸法公差）を表す凹凸が加工しろ部材２５の表面に設けられていてもよい。また、加工しろ部材２２にも、加工しろ部材２４と同様に、主板１１、側板１２の一部の形状に関するパラメータ（例えば、曲率半径または寸法公差）を表す凹凸が加工しろ部材２２の表面に設けられていてもよい。この構成によれば、加工しろ部材２２、２５を削るときに、羽根車３の寸法及び形状に関するパラメータを把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 Similarly to the machining allowance member 24, the machining allowance member 25 has a parameter (for example, a radius of curvature or a dimensional tolerance of a dimension of a part of the impeller hub 10 (for example, the opening 8) or a shape of the impeller hub 10). ) May be provided on the surface of the processing margin member 25. Similarly to the machining allowance member 24, the machining allowance member 22 is provided with irregularities on the surface of the machining allowance member 22 that represent parameters (for example, radius of curvature or dimensional tolerance) relating to the shapes of part of the main plate 11 and the side plates 12. It may be. According to this configuration, when the working allowance members 22 and 25 are shaved, it is possible to carry out the grinding in a state where the parameters related to the size and the shape of the impeller 3 are grasped, and thus it is possible to reduce the cutting error.
　本実施形態に係る構造体形成工程において、支持部材２６及び２７は例えば、加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５に比べて低い金属密度（例えば、メッシュ構造やスポンジ状の造形物）になるように形成されてもよい。これにより、支持部材２６及び２７の金属量を低減することができるので、羽根車の製造コストを抑制することができる。 In the structure forming step according to the present embodiment, the support members 26 and 27 are formed so as to have a lower metal density (for example, a mesh structure or a sponge-like shaped object) than the process margin members 22, 24, and 25. May be done. As a result, the amount of metal of the support members 26 and 27 can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本実施形態に係る構造体形成工程において、加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５は、羽根車３と略同じ金属密度になるように形成されることが好ましい。以降、羽根車３と同じ金属密度に積層造形することを実造形と記す。つまり、加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５は実造形にて形成される。これにより、加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５が主板１１及び側板１２の端部側（羽根車の吸込み側と吐出側）を、主板１１及び側板１２と同じ強度で支持できるので、主板１１及び側板１２の端部の変形を抑制することができる。また、積層造形では、造形時の熱がうまく放熱できないと、結果として変形してしまう。ここで、主板１１及び側板１２に加工しろ２２がない場合や主板１１及び側板１２より低い金属密度の支持部材２６が当接すると、主板１１及び側板１２は、空気に触れており放熱されにくい。このように、主板１１及び側板１２は、同じ金属密度の加工しろ２２が当接することで、空気に触れるのに比べて放熱が促進されるため変形が抑えられる。 In the structure forming step according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the working margin members 22, 24, 25 are formed to have substantially the same metal density as the impeller 3. Hereinafter, layered molding with the same metal density as that of the impeller 3 is referred to as actual molding. That is, the processing allowance members 22, 24, 25 are formed by actual molding. As a result, the work allowance members 22, 24, 25 can support the end portions (the suction side and the discharge side of the impeller) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 with the same strength as the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. The deformation of the end portion 12 can be suppressed. In addition, in the layered modeling, if the heat during modeling cannot be radiated well, the result is deformation. Here, when the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 do not have the processing margin 22 or when the supporting member 26 having a metal density lower than that of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 comes into contact with the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are in contact with air and are less likely to radiate heat. In this way, the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are prevented from being deformed because the processing margins 22 having the same metal density are in contact with each other, so that heat dissipation is promoted as compared with the case of contact with air.
　また、積層造形では、空間または金属密度が低い支持部材の次に積層される実造形は、重力によって変形しやすい。そのため、変形しても後加工にて除去される加工しろ部材２２、２５が支持部材２６、２７の次に積層されるとよい。 In addition, in additive manufacturing, the actual shape that is laminated next to the support member with a low space or metal density is easily deformed by gravity. Therefore, it is preferable that the working margin members 22 and 25, which are removed by post-processing even if deformed, are laminated next to the support members 26 and 27.
　積層造形では、空間または金属密度が低い支持部材の次に積層される実造形の水平面の面積を極力少なくすることで、実造形による形成物の変形を抑えることができる。よって、加工しろ部材２２の造形時の変形を主板１１の形状に影響しない程度にまで抑えるために、加工しろ部材２２の底面２２ａは水平面から傾いた形状が好ましい。つまり、加工しろ部材２２の底面２２ａを含む層が形成されるときの一層当たりの積層面積が所定の面積以下となるように、θ１、θ２は設計されるとよい。なお、当該所定の面積は金属材料等の諸条件によって決定され、例えば、チタンの方がステンレスよりも大きな面積となる。更には、θ１、θ２にて加工しろ部材２２を小さくすれば、加工後に廃棄される材料が少なくできる。 In additive manufacturing, by minimizing the area of the horizontal plane of the actual model to be laminated next to the supporting member with a low space or metal density, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the formed product due to the actual model. Therefore, in order to suppress the deformation of the machining allowance member 22 during modeling to the extent that it does not affect the shape of the main plate 11, the bottom surface 22a of the machining allowance member 22 is preferably inclined from the horizontal plane. That is, θ1 and θ2 may be designed so that the laminated area per layer when the layer including the bottom surface 22a of the processing margin member 22 is formed is equal to or smaller than a predetermined area. The predetermined area is determined by various conditions such as a metal material. For example, titanium has a larger area than stainless steel. Furthermore, if the processing margin member 22 is made smaller by θ1 and θ2, the amount of material discarded after processing can be reduced.
　また、本実施形態では、造形時のポンプ軸６の中心線Ｘ（図１９参照）の水平面に対する角度を９０度とした。一実施形態では、造形時のポンプ軸６の中心線Ｘの水平面に対する角度は任意の角度としてもよい。構造体１４の任意の鉛直線Ａ上の点を含む積層面において、支持部材の次に積層される加工しろの水平面の面積が、加工しろの次に積層される羽根車３の水平面の面積よりも小さいことが好ましい。加工しろの変形を抑制することで、加工しろの次に積層される羽根車３の形状が安定する。このように、構造体１４は、羽根車３の外側に加工しろ部材２２、２５を設け、当該加工しろを積層造形に適した形状に設計することで、正確な形状の羽根車３を製造できる。 Further, in this embodiment, the angle of the center line X (see FIG. 19) of the pump shaft 6 with respect to the horizontal plane at the time of modeling is 90 degrees. In one embodiment, the angle of the center line X of the pump shaft 6 with respect to the horizontal plane at the time of modeling may be an arbitrary angle. On the laminating surface including any point on the vertical line A of the structure 14, the area of the horizontal plane of the working margin to be laminated next to the supporting member is smaller than the area of the horizontal plane of the impeller 3 to be laminated next to the machining margin. Is also preferably small. By suppressing the deformation of the machining allowance, the shape of the impeller 3 laminated next to the machining allowance is stabilized. As described above, the structure 14 is provided with the processing margin members 22 and 25 on the outer side of the impeller 3, and the machining margin is designed into a shape suitable for additive manufacturing, whereby the impeller 3 having an accurate shape can be manufactured. ..
　図２１Ａを用いて第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法について説明する。図２１Ａは、第６の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。 A method for manufacturing the impeller according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 21A. FIG. 21A is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a method for manufacturing an impeller according to the sixth embodiment.
　（ステップＳ１）まず、水平なベースプレート２１の上に、金属粉末（例えば、チタンまたはステンレスなど）を用いた積層造形法により、本実施形態に係る羽根車３の原型となる構造体１４を形成する。 (Step S1) First, the structure 14 which is the prototype of the impeller 3 according to the present embodiment is formed on the horizontal base plate 21 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder (for example, titanium or stainless steel). ..
　（ステップＳ２）次に、構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がす。例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がチタンの場合、ペンチで構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がしてもよい。一方、例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がステンレスの場合、機械加工で構造体１４をベースプレート２１から剥がしてもよい。ベースプレート２１に接する支持部材２６、２７は、実造形に比べて金属密度が低いため、構造体１４はベースプレート２１から容易に剥がすことができる。 (Step S2) Next, the structure 14 is peeled off from the base plate 21. For example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is titanium, the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 with pliers. On the other hand, for example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is stainless steel, the structure 14 may be peeled from the base plate 21 by machining. Since the support members 26 and 27 that are in contact with the base plate 21 have a lower metal density than the actual shape, the structure 14 can be easily peeled from the base plate 21.
　（ステップＳ３）次に、構造体１４から支持部材２６及び２７を除去する。例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がチタンの場合、ペンチで構造体１４から支持部材２６及び２７を除去してもよい。一方、例えば、構造体１４が構成される金属がステンレスの場合、機械加工で構造体１４から支持部材２６及び２７を除去してもよい。ここで、支持部材２６及び２７は、羽根車３と直接接していないため、除去後の構造体１４の表面粗さや加工精度にバラツキがあっても構わない。また、支持部材２６及び２７が小さい等で、次のステップＳ４に差し支えなければ、支持部材２６及び２７を除去するステップＳ３は省略されてもよい。 (Step S3) Next, the support members 26 and 27 are removed from the structure 14. For example, if the metal of which the structure 14 is made is titanium, the support members 26 and 27 may be removed from the structure 14 with pliers. On the other hand, for example, when the metal forming the structure 14 is stainless steel, the supporting members 26 and 27 may be removed from the structure 14 by machining. Here, since the support members 26 and 27 are not in direct contact with the impeller 3, there may be variations in the surface roughness and the processing accuracy of the removed structure 14. Further, if the supporting members 26 and 27 are small and the like, and the next step S4 is acceptable, the step S3 of removing the supporting members 26 and 27 may be omitted.
　（ステップＳ４）次に、構造体１４から加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５を除去する。例えば、主板１１および側板１２の表面、インペラハブ１０の軸穴である開口部８は、旋盤等によって切削することで加工しろ２２、２４、２５が除去されるとよい。特に、旋盤では、加工中に被加工物の硬さが変化すると加工機械が（特に工具刃）傷んでしまう虞がある。よって、旋盤加工がおこなわれる主板１１および側板１２の表面、インペラハブ１０の軸穴である開口部８が接する加工しろ２２、２４、２５は、実造形で形成されるとよい。 (Step S4) Next, the processing margin members 22, 24, 25 are removed from the structure 14. For example, the machining margins 22, 24, 25 may be removed by cutting the surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and the opening 8 which is the axial hole of the impeller hub 10 with a lathe or the like. In particular, with a lathe, if the hardness of the workpiece changes during processing, the processing machine (particularly the tool blade) may be damaged. Therefore, it is preferable that the surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 on which the lathe processing is performed and the processing margins 22, 24, and 25 with which the opening 8 that is the shaft hole of the impeller hub 10 come into contact are formed by actual molding.
　（ステップＳ５）次に、羽根車３の形状となった構造体１４を研磨する。なお、主板１１および側板１２の表面、インペラハブ１０の軸穴である開口部８は、旋盤加工にて加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５を除去されるのと同時に、研磨されるとよい。また、流路２０もスクラブ等の流体にて研磨されるとよい。 (Step S5) Next, the structure 14 in the shape of the impeller 3 is polished. The surfaces of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and the opening 8 which is the axial hole of the impeller hub 10 may be polished at the same time as the workable members 22, 24 and 25 are removed by lathe processing. Also, the flow path 20 may be polished with a fluid such as scrub.
　なお、ステップＳ３とステップＳ４の順番は逆であってもよいし、同時または並行して行われてもよい。 The order of step S3 and step S4 may be reversed, and may be performed simultaneously or in parallel.
　ここで、ステップＳ５にて製造された羽根車３は、積層造形にて形成された表面の積層面に対して傾斜した面に積層段差が残り、積層面に平行な面にはレーザ又は電子ビーム等による塗り痕が残る。それに対して、切削加工の面には工具痕（例えば筋目方向の傷）が残る。このように、羽根車３は、積層造形にて形成された流路面（流路面１１ｂ、１２ｂ、および主翼１３の表面１３ａ、裏面１３ｂ）と、機械加工された面（外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃおよび外表面１１ａ、１２ａ）との表面粗さが異なる。そして、主板１１は、流路面１１ｂにおける表面粗さが外表面１１ａ、１２ａよりも粗い。一例として、主板１１の流路面１１ｂ（流路面のうち上側の面）の表面粗さはＳａ（算術平均高さ）が２０μｍ～１００μｍであるのに対して、外表面１１ａ、１２ａ（旋盤加工された面）の表面粗さはＳａが５μｍ以下である。
　特に、クローズドインペラの製造において、鋳物や溶接に比して積層造形であれば、複雑な流路を形成でき、更に、積層造形にて変形しやすい主板１１または／および側板１２は旋盤等で後から切削加工することで、所望する形状の羽根車３を製造できる。 Here, in the impeller 3 manufactured in step S5, a stacking step remains on a surface of the surface formed by additive manufacturing that is inclined with respect to the stacking surface, and a laser or electron beam is formed on a surface parallel to the stacking surface. A coating mark due to etc. remains. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface. As described above, the impeller 3 includes the flow path surfaces (flow path surfaces 11b and 12b, the front surface 13a and the back surface 13b of the main wing 13) formed by additive manufacturing, and the machined surfaces (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c and the outer surface). The surface roughness is different from that of the surfaces 11a and 12a). The surface roughness of the flow path surface 11b of the main plate 11 is rougher than that of the outer surfaces 11a and 12a. As an example, the surface roughness Sa of the flow path surface 11b (upper surface of the flow path surface) of the main plate 11 is 20 μm to 100 μm while the surface roughness Sa is 20 μm to 100 μm. The surface roughness Sa is 5 μm or less.
In particular, in the manufacture of a closed impeller, if the additive manufacturing is additive manufacturing as compared with casting or welding, a complicated flow path can be formed, and further, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 that is easily deformed by additive manufacturing is a lathe or the like. The impeller 3 having a desired shape can be manufactured by cutting from.
　図２１Ｂは、図２１ＡのステップＳ１の構造体の造形方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。 FIG. 21B is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the structure forming method of step S1 of FIG. 21A.
　（ステップＳ１１０）まず、支持部材２６、２７を積層造形により造形する。 (Step S110) First, the support members 26 and 27 are molded by additive manufacturing.
　（ステップＳ１２０）次に、下側の加工しろ部材２２を支持部材２６の上に積層造形により造形し、加工しろ部材２５を支持部材２７の上に積層造形により造形する。 (Step S120) Next, the lower machining allowance member 22 is formed on the support member 26 by additive manufacturing, and the machining allowance member 25 is formed on the support member 27 by additive manufacturing.
　（ステップＳ１３０）次に、羽根車３を造形する。具体的には、インペラハブ１０及び加工しろ部材２４を積層造形により造形するとともに、主板１１の外周側の加工しろ部材２２とともに主板１１を積層造形により造形する。インペラハブ１０の上に、主翼１３を積層造形により造形し、主翼１３の外周側において加工しろ部材２２を積層造形により更に上に造形する。そして主翼１３の上に側板１２を積層造形により造形する。 (Step S130) Next, the impeller 3 is molded. Specifically, the impeller hub 10 and the processing margin member 24 are molded by additive manufacturing, and the main plate 11 is shaped by additive molding together with the processing margin member 22 on the outer peripheral side of the main plate 11. The main wing 13 is formed on the impeller hub 10 by additive manufacturing, and the processing margin member 22 is further formed on the outer peripheral side of the main wing 13 by additive manufacturing. Then, the side plate 12 is formed on the main wing 13 by additive manufacturing.
　（ステップＳ１４０）次に、側板１２の上に加工しろ部材２２を造形する。
　このように、構造体形成工程において、支持部材２６、２７が形成される第１ステップ（Ｓ１１０）と、加工しろ部材２２、２５が形成される第２ステップ（Ｓ１２０）と、羽根車３が形成される第３ステップ（Ｓ１３０）と、を有し、構造体１４の少なくとも一つの鉛直線（例えば、図１９のＡの鉛直線）上において構造体１４は、第１ステップ、第２ステップ、第３ステップ、の順にて積層造形される。この構成によれば、支持部材２６によって加工しろ部材２２が支持され、加工しろ部材によって羽根車３が支持される。具体的には、図１９のＡの鉛直線上において、支持部材２６によって加工しろ部材２２が支持され、加工しろ部材２２によって羽根車３の主板１１が支持される。このため、羽根車３が下から支えられることになるので、羽根車３の製造工程における変形を抑制することができる。 (Step S140) Next, the processing margin member 22 is formed on the side plate 12.
As described above, in the structure forming step, the first step (S110) in which the support members 26 and 27 are formed, the second step (S120) in which the processing margin members 22 and 25 are formed, and the impeller 3 are formed. The third step (S130) is performed, and the structure 14 is provided on at least one vertical line of the structure 14 (for example, the vertical line of A of FIG. 19), the first step, the second step, the Layered modeling is performed in the order of 3 steps. According to this configuration, the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the impeller 3 is supported by the machining allowance member. Specifically, on the vertical line of A of FIG. 19, the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the machining allowance member 22 supports the main plate 11 of the impeller 3. For this reason, since the impeller 3 is supported from below, deformation in the manufacturing process of the impeller 3 can be suppressed.
　以上、本実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、主板１１と、側板１２と、当該主板１１と当該側板１２との間に設けられる複数の主翼１３と、主板１１及び／または側板１２に連結されている加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、構造体１４から加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５を除去する除去工程と、を有する。 As described above, in the method for manufacturing an impeller according to the present embodiment, the main plate 11, the side plate 12, the plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are connected. A structure forming step for forming a structure having the processed margin members 22, 24, 25 by the additive manufacturing method; and a removing step for removing the margin members 22, 24, 25 from the structure 14. Have.
　この構成によれば、加工しろ部材２２、２４、２５がインペラハブ１０、主板１１及び／または側板１２に設けられることにより、製造工程においてインペラハブ１０、主板１１及び／または側板１２の端部の変形を抑えることができる。従って、積層造形法により羽根車を形成する場合に、製造工程における羽根車の端部の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the working margin members 22, 24, 25 are provided on the impeller hub 10, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12, so that the end portions of the impeller hub 10, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are not deformed in the manufacturing process. Can be suppressed. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, the deformation of the end portion of the impeller in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
　また、本実施形態において、構造体１４は、更に支持部材２６を有し、当該構造体形成工程において、ベースプレート２１の上に支持部材２６が形成され、その後に、当該加工しろ部材２２が支持部材２６の上に形成され、その後に、主板１１と側板１２とのうち積層造形法により先に形成される主板１１が、当該加工しろ部材２２の上に形成される。これにより、支持部材２６によって加工しろ部材２２が支持され、加工しろ部材２２によって主板１１が支持されるので、主板１１の製造工程における変形を抑制することができる。 In addition, in the present embodiment, the structure 14 further includes a support member 26, and in the structure forming step, the support member 26 is formed on the base plate 21, and thereafter, the processing margin member 22 is a support member. The main plate 11 that is formed on the processing margin member 26 is formed on the processing margin member 22. Then, the main plate 11 that is formed first by the additive manufacturing method among the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 is formed. As a result, the machining allowance member 22 is supported by the support member 26, and the main plate 11 is supported by the machining allowance member 22, so that deformation of the main plate 11 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
　なお、加工しろ部材２２は、一例として主板１１の外周面１１ｃ及び側板１２の外周面１２ｃの両方に連結しており主板１１の外周面１１ｃ及び側板１２の外周面１２ｃを支持するものとして説明したが、いずれか一方のみに連結されていてもよい。すなわち、本実施形態において、図２１のステップＳ１の構造体形成工程において、主板１１の外周面１１ｃ、及び側板１２の外周面１２ｃの少なくとも一方に、加工しろ部材２２が形成されてもよい。これにより、主板１１の外周面１１ｃ及び側板１２の外周面１２ｃの少なくとも一方が加工しろ部材２２によって支持されるので、主板１１の外周面１１ｃ及び側板１２の外周面１２ｃの少なくとも一方の変形を抑制することができる。 It should be noted that the processing margin member 22 has been described as an example that is connected to both the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 and supports the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12. May be connected to only one of them. That is, in the present embodiment, the processing margin member 22 may be formed on at least one of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 in the structure forming step of step S1 of FIG. As a result, at least one of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 is supported by the processing margin member 22, so deformation of at least one of the outer peripheral surface 11c of the main plate 11 and the outer peripheral surface 12c of the side plate 12 is suppressed. can do.
　また、本実施形態において、図２１のステップＳ１の構造体形成工程において、主板１１と側板１２とのうち積層造形法により後に形成される側板１２の上に、加工しろ部材２２が形成される。これにより、製造工程における側板１２の変形を抑制することができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, in the structure forming step of step S1 of FIG. 21, the processing margin member 22 is formed on the side plate 12 of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 which is formed later by the additive manufacturing method. Thereby, the deformation of the side plate 12 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
　また、本実施形態において、インペラハブ１０には開口部８が形成されており、図２１のステップＳ１の構造体形成工程において、当該開口部８の内側に加工しろ部材２４が形成される。これにより、加工しろ部材２４によってインペラハブ１０の内側が支持されるので、製造工程におけるインペラハブ１０の変形を抑制することができる。 Further, in this embodiment, the opening 8 is formed in the impeller hub 10, and the processing margin member 24 is formed inside the opening 8 in the structure forming step of step S1 of FIG. As a result, the inner side of the impeller hub 10 is supported by the processing margin member 24, so that the deformation of the impeller hub 10 in the manufacturing process can be suppressed.
　＜第６の実施形態の変形例＞
　続いて第６の実施形態の変形例について説明する。図２２は、第６の実施形態の変形例に係る構造体の一例の断面図である。第６の実施形態の構造体は、主板１１より上に側板１２が積層形成されるものとして説明したが、第６の実施形態の変形例に係る構造体１４ｂは、側板１２より上に主板１１が積層形成されたものである点が異なっている。 <Modification of Sixth Embodiment>
Subsequently, a modified example of the sixth embodiment will be described. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an example of a structure according to a modified example of the sixth embodiment. Although the structure of the sixth embodiment has been described as the side plate 12 stacked on the main plate 11, the structure 14b according to the modification of the sixth embodiment has the main plate 11 above the side plate 12. Are different in that they are laminated.
　図２２に示すように、羽根車の原型となる構造体１４ｂは、インペラハブ１０と、主板１１と、側板１２と、当該主板１１と当該側板１２との間に設けられる複数の主翼１３と、一例として主板１１及び側板１２の両方の外表面１１ａ、１２ａ及び外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃに連結されている加工しろ部材２２ｂと、を備える。更に、構造体１４ｂは、開口部９を覆い且つ加工しろ部材２２ｂと連結している加工しろ部材２３ｂと、開口部８の内側に形成されている加工しろ部材２４と、開口部８の一部及びインペラハブ１０の上側に積層され且つ加工しろ部材２２ｂと連結している加工しろ部材２５ｂと、加工しろ部材２２ｂを支持する支持部材２６ｂと、加工しろ部材２３ｂを支持する支持部材２７ｂと、を備える。構造体１４ｂは、ベースプレート２１の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 22, a structure 14b that is a prototype of an impeller includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a plurality of main wings 13 provided between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and an example. And a work margin member 22b connected to the outer surfaces 11a and 12a and the outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c of both the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. Further, the structure 14b includes a work allowance member 23b which covers the opening 9 and is connected to the work allowance member 22b, a work allowance member 24 formed inside the opening 8, and a part of the opening 8. And a machining allowance member 25b stacked on the upper side of the impeller hub 10 and connected to the machining allowance member 22b, a support member 26b for supporting the machining allowance member 22b, and a support member 27b for supporting the machining allowance member 23b. .. The structure 14b is formed on the base plate 21 by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder.
　ここで、加工しろ部材２２ｂの主板１１及び側板１２の吐出し側の端部（外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃ）側の幅Ｂ４は、流路２０の出口幅（主板１１と側板１２との間の距離）Ｂ２より長い。また支持部材２６ｂの角度θ３は、４０～５０度の範囲が好ましく、支持部材２６ｂの角度θ４は、４０～５０度の範囲が好ましい。 Here, the width B4 on the discharge side ends (outer peripheral surfaces 11c and 12c) of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 of the processing margin member 22b is the outlet width of the flow path 20 (the distance between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12). ) Longer than B2. The angle θ3 of the support member 26b is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees, and the angle θ4 of the support member 26b is preferably in the range of 40 to 50 degrees.
　第６の実施形態と同様に、加工しろ部材２２ｂ、２３ｂ、２５ｂの表面には、製造番号が分かるように凹凸が設けられていることが好ましい。また、加工しろ部材２３ｂの表面には、開口部９の内周に相当する加工しろ部材２３ｂの表面位置に凹凸が設けられることが好ましい。同様に、加工しろ部材２５ｂの表面には、開口部８の内周に相当する加工しろ部材２５ｂの表面位置に凹凸が設けられることが好ましい。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂを削るときに、どこまで削っていいのかを容易に判断することができる。 Similar to the sixth embodiment, it is preferable that the surface of the workable members 22b, 23b, 25b be provided with unevenness so that the serial number can be seen. Further, it is preferable that the surface of the processing allowance member 23b is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the processing allowance member 23b corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 9. Similarly, it is preferable that the surface of the processing allowance member 25b is provided with irregularities at the surface position of the processing allowance member 25b corresponding to the inner circumference of the opening 8. This allows the operator to easily determine how far to grind the working margin members 23b and 25b.
　また、第６の実施形態と同様に、加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂの表面には、矢印の形をした凹凸が設けられており、開口部９の直径または開口部８の直径が分かるように、直径を示す凹凸が設けられていることが好ましい。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂを削るときに、削る範囲を容易に判断することができる。 Further, as in the sixth embodiment, the workable members 23b and 25b are provided with unevenness in the shape of an arrow on the surface thereof so that the diameter of the opening 9 or the diameter of the opening 8 can be seen. It is preferable that unevenness indicating the diameter is provided. This allows the operator to easily determine the cutting range when cutting the working margin members 23b and 25b.
　更に、加工しろ部材２３ｂの表面位置に開口部９の中心を把握可能な凹凸が設けられることが好ましく、同様に加工しろ部材２５ｂの表面位置に開口部８の中心を把握可能な凹凸が設けられることが好ましい。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂを削るときに、開口部９の中心に相当する位置または開口部８の中心に相当する位置を把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。 Further, it is preferable that unevenness capable of grasping the center of the opening 9 is provided at the surface position of the machining allowance member 23b, and similarly, unevenness capable of grasping the center of the opening 8 is provided at the surface position of the machining allowance member 25b. It is preferable. Thereby, when the operator grinds the machining allowance members 23b and 25b, he/she can grind while grasping the position corresponding to the center of the opening 9 or the position corresponding to the center of the opening 8, so that a grinding error can be prevented. It can be reduced.
　更に、第６の実施形態と同様に、加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂの表面には、当該加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂの曲率半径を示す凹凸が設けれていることが好ましい。また、加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂの表面には、寸法公差を示す凹凸が設けられていることが好ましい。これにより、作業者が加工しろ部材２３ｂ、２５ｂを削るときに、曲率半径及び寸法公差を把握した状態で削ることができるので、削りミスを低減することができる。このように、加工しろ部材２２ｂ、２３ｂ、２５ｂの表面に羽根車３の寸法及び形状に関するパラメータを示す凹凸を設けることで、切削加工時のミスを低減することができる。 Further, similarly to the sixth embodiment, it is preferable that the surfaces of the work allowance members 23b, 25b are provided with unevenness indicating the radius of curvature of the work allowance members 23b, 25b. Moreover, it is preferable that the surfaces of the workable members 23b and 25b are provided with irregularities showing dimensional tolerances. Thereby, when the operator grinds the working margin members 23b and 25b, the working margin members 23b and 25b can be grinded in a state in which the radius of curvature and the dimensional tolerance are grasped, so that the grinding error can be reduced. In this way, by providing the surface of the processing allowance members 22b, 23b, 25b with unevenness indicating the parameters relating to the size and shape of the impeller 3, it is possible to reduce mistakes during cutting.
　本変形例に係る構造体形成工程において、支持部材２６ｂ及び２７ｂは例えば、加工しろ部材２２ｂ、２３ｂ、２５ｂに比べて低い金属密度になるように形成されてもよい。これにより、支持部材２６ｂ及び２７ｂの金属量を低減することができるので、羽根車の製造コストを抑制することができる。 In the structure forming step according to this modification, the support members 26b and 27b may be formed to have a lower metal density than the workable members 22b, 23b, and 25b, for example. Thereby, the amount of metal of the support members 26b and 27b can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost of the impeller can be suppressed.
　本変形例に係る構造体形成工程において、加工しろ部材２２ｂ、２３ｂ、２５ｂは、主板１１及び側板１２と略同じ金属密度になるように形成されることが好ましい。これにより、第６の実施形態と同様に、主板１１及び側板１２の外周面１１ｃ、１２ｃ側の変形を抑制することができる。 In the structure forming step according to this modification, it is preferable that the working margin members 22b, 23b, 25b are formed to have substantially the same metal density as the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. Thereby, similarly to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 on the outer peripheral surface 11c, 12c side.
　また、第６の実施形態及び第６の実施形態の変形例において、羽根車３は、主板１１と、側板１２と、主翼１３と、主板１１、側板１２および主翼１３にて画定された流路２０と、を備えた羽根車であって、当該流路２０は積層造形にて形成され、当該主板１１および当該側板１２の外表面１１ａ、１２ａは切削加工にて形成されたものである。そして、流路２０を画定する流路面１１ｂ、１２ｂと、前記外表面１１ａ、１２ａとは、表面粗さが異なる。流路面１１ｂ、１２ｂはレーザ等による焼結による表面粗さであり、旋盤等により切削加工された外表面１１ａ、１２ａよりも表面粗さが粗い。この構成によれば、積層造形にて複雑な流路でも形成できると共に表面は切削加工にて研磨されるので、ポンプ効率を重視した羽根車を形成できる。 Further, in the sixth embodiment and the modification of the sixth embodiment, the impeller 3 includes a main plate 11, a side plate 12, a main wing 13, and a flow passage defined by the main plate 11, the side plate 12, and the main wing 13. The flow path 20 is formed by additive manufacturing, and the outer surfaces 11a and 12a of the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 are formed by cutting. The flow passage surfaces 11b and 12b that define the flow passage 20 have different surface roughnesses from the outer surfaces 11a and 12a. The flow path surfaces 11b and 12b have a surface roughness obtained by sintering with a laser or the like, and are rougher than the outer surfaces 11a and 12a cut by a lathe or the like. According to this structure, a complicated flow path can be formed by additive manufacturing, and the surface is ground by cutting, so that an impeller with an emphasis on pump efficiency can be formed.
　なお、第６の実施形態及び第６の実施形態の変形例では、羽根車の製造方法について、クローズドインペラを対象に説明したが、クローズドインペラに限ったものではなく、羽根車の製造方法はオープンインペラ、ノンクロック形インペラなどにも適用可能である。上記いずれの態様の羽根車であっても、羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車と、当該羽根車の表面に連結されている加工しろ部材と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、当該構造体から前記加工しろ部材を除去する除去工程と、を有し、当該構造体形成工程において当該加工しろ部材を当該羽根車と略同じ密度で造形する。 In addition, in the sixth embodiment and the modification of the sixth embodiment, the method of manufacturing the impeller has been described for the closed impeller. However, the method of manufacturing the impeller is not limited to the closed impeller, and the method of manufacturing the impeller is open. It is also applicable to impellers and non-clock type impellers. In any of the above aspects of the impeller, the method for manufacturing the impeller is to form a structure having an impeller and a processing margin member connected to the surface of the impeller by an additive manufacturing method. A structure forming step and a removing step of removing the processing margin member from the structure are performed, and the processing margin member is shaped with substantially the same density as the impeller in the structure forming step.
　この構成により、加工しろ部材が羽根車を、羽根車と同じ強度で維持できるので、羽根車の表面の変形を抑制することができる。 With this configuration, the machining allowance member can maintain the impeller with the same strength as the impeller, so that the surface deformation of the impeller can be suppressed.
　なお、各実施形態において、ベースプレート２１の上に積層したが、ベースプレート２１はなくてもよい。また、各実施形態において、羽根車を構成する材料は、金属に限らず、合成樹脂、カーボン、または複合材などであってもよく、その場合、合成樹脂の粉末、カーボンの粉末、または複合材の粉末を用いて積層造形してもよい。また、各実施形態において、粉末を用いて積層造形したが、これに限らず、ワイヤーを積層するような積層造形であってもよい。 In each of the embodiments, the base plate 21 is stacked, but the base plate 21 may be omitted. Further, in each embodiment, the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material. In that case, synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or composite material. The powder may be used for additive manufacturing. Further, in each of the embodiments, the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
　＜第７の実施形態＞
　第７の実施形態では、ベースプレートの上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成する。ここで、積層造形法は、所望の羽根車の形状に合わせて配置した金属粉末を、レーザ又は電子ビーム等による熱エネルギーにより焼結させる。金属粉末の配置及び焼結といった工程を順次繰り返すことで、焼結された金属粉末が積層され、所望の形状の羽根車の原型となる構造体が形成される。 <Seventh Embodiment>
In the seventh embodiment, a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment is formed on the base plate by a layered manufacturing method using metal powder. Here, in the additive manufacturing method, the metal powder arranged according to the desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam. By sequentially repeating the steps of arranging and sintering the metal powder, the sintered metal powder is laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of an impeller having a desired shape.
　図２３は、第７の実施形態に係るポンプの構造を示す断面図である。図２４は、図２３に示すポンプのポンプケーシングの正面図である。図２３及び図２４に示すように、ポンプは、吸込口１ａと吐出し口１ｂを有するポンプケーシング１と、ケーシングカバー２とを備えている。羽根車３は、その吸込口がポンプケーシング１の吸込口１ａを向くようにポンプケーシング１の内部に配置され、吸込口１ａからポンプケーシング１の内部に入った流体は、羽根車３を通って昇圧され、ポンプケーシング１の吐出し口１ｂから外部に排出される。羽根車３は、軸受胴体４に組込まれた軸受５ａ，５ｂに支持された主軸であるポンプ軸６のポンプケーシング１側の端部に固定されている。ポンプ軸６の他端には図示しない駆動機が連結されており、ポンプ軸６を介して羽根車３が回転駆動される。図２４は、ポンプケーシング１を吸込口１ａ側からみた図を示す。 FIG. 23 is a sectional view showing the structure of the pump according to the seventh embodiment. 24 is a front view of the pump casing of the pump shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, the pump includes a pump casing 1 having a suction port 1a and a discharge port 1b, and a casing cover 2. The impeller 3 is arranged inside the pump casing 1 so that its suction port faces the suction port 1 a of the pump casing 1, and the fluid that has entered the inside of the pump casing 1 from the suction port 1 a passes through the impeller 3. The pressure is increased and discharged from the discharge port 1b of the pump casing 1 to the outside. The impeller 3 is fixed to an end portion of a pump shaft 6 which is a main shaft supported by bearings 5a and 5b incorporated in a bearing body 4 on the pump casing 1 side. A drive machine (not shown) is connected to the other end of the pump shaft 6, and the impeller 3 is rotationally driven via the pump shaft 6. FIG. 24 shows a view of the pump casing 1 seen from the suction port 1a side.
　図２５は、図２３に示す羽根車の断面図である。図２５には、主板１１と側板１２との間に形成された流路２０の出口幅Ｂ２が示されている。 FIG. 25 is a sectional view of the impeller shown in FIG. FIG. 25 shows the outlet width B2 of the flow path 20 formed between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12.
　＜第１の実施例＞
　図２６は、第７の実施形態に係る第１の実施例に係る羽根車を、図２５の吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。図２６に示すように、羽根車３は、インペラハブ１０、主板１１、側板１２及び主板１１と側板１２との間に配置された複数の主翼１３を備える。インペラハブ１０は、ポンプ軸６に固定され，主翼１３を取り付ける回転体である。主板１１は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、インペラハブ１０に連なる側の側壁である。側板１２は、羽根車３を形成する側壁のうち、主翼１３に支えられる側の側壁である。主翼１３は、揚液にエネルギーを与える羽根であり、インペラハブ１０に取り付けられる。主翼１３は、この例では、厚さｔ１の板状に形成されて、互いに隣接する一方の主翼１３の回転方向側の表面１３ａと他方の主翼１３の反回転方向側の裏面１３ｂとの間に、流路２０がそれぞれ区画形成されている。第１の実施例では一例として羽根車の積層造形で用いられる素材はチタンである。チタンは成形不良がおこりにくいので、隣り合う主翼１３の間に比較的大きな距離ｄ１があったとしても成形不良がおこりにくいからである。また、主翼１３の間に中間翼を設けないことにより、使用する材料を少なくすることができる。 <First Example>
FIG. 26 is a partially cut front view of the impeller according to the first example of the seventh embodiment as seen from the suction port side of FIG. 25. As shown in FIG. 26, the impeller 3 includes an impeller hub 10, a main plate 11, a side plate 12, and a plurality of main blades 13 arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12. The impeller hub 10 is a rotating body that is fixed to the pump shaft 6 and to which the main wing 13 is attached. The main plate 11 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 and connected to the impeller hub 10. The side plate 12 is a side wall of the side walls forming the impeller 3 that is supported by the main wing 13. The main wing 13 is a blade that gives energy to the pumped liquid, and is attached to the impeller hub 10. In this example, the main wing 13 is formed in a plate shape with a thickness t1 and is provided between the front surface 13a of one main wing 13 on the rotation direction side and the back surface 13b of the other main wing 13 on the anti-rotation direction side. The flow paths 20 are divided and formed. In the first embodiment, as an example, the material used in the additive manufacturing of the impeller is titanium. This is because titanium is unlikely to cause defective molding, and therefore, defective molding is unlikely to occur even if there is a relatively large distance d1 between the adjacent main wings 13. Further, by not providing the intermediate wing between the main wings 13, the material used can be reduced.
　＜第２の実施例＞
　図２７は、第７の実施形態に係る第２の実施例に係る羽根車を、図２５の吸込口側から見たときの一部切断の正面図である。図２７の第２の実施例に係る羽根車は、図２６の第１の実施例に係る羽根車に比べて、更に主板１１と側板１２との間に配置されており且つ隣り合う二つの主翼の間に設けられた中間翼１４を複数備える。また、図２７の第２の実施例に係る羽根車は、図２６の第１の実施例に係る羽根車と同径且つ積層造形における同一の手段にて形成される羽根車である。中間翼１４と、隣の主翼１３との間の距離は、中間翼１４の輪郭の各点において、距離ｄだけ離れている。この距離ｄは、積層造形で変形が主板１１及び／または側板１２に生じない限界距離Ｄ以下の範囲で決められている。なお、限界距離Ｄは、積層造形で用いられる素材や積層造形の手段等に応じて決められる。 <Second embodiment>
FIG. 27 is a partially cut front view of the impeller according to the second example of the seventh embodiment as viewed from the suction port side of FIG. 25. The impeller according to the second embodiment of FIG. 27 has two main blades arranged between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and adjacent to each other, as compared with the impeller according to the first embodiment of FIG. A plurality of intermediate blades 14 provided between the two are provided. The impeller according to the second embodiment of FIG. 27 is an impeller having the same diameter as the impeller according to the first embodiment of FIG. 26 and formed by the same means in additive manufacturing. The distance between the intermediate wing 14 and the adjacent main wing 13 is separated by a distance d at each point of the contour of the intermediate wing 14. This distance d is determined within a range equal to or less than a limit distance D at which deformation does not occur in the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 in additive manufacturing. The limit distance D is determined according to the material used for additive manufacturing, the additive manufacturing method, and the like.
　第２の実施例では一例として羽根車の積層造形で用いられる素材はステンレスである。ステンレスはチタンに比べて成形不良がおこりやすく、且つ羽根車は外周に向かって、隣り合う主翼１３の間の距離が大きくなるので、流路２０に中間翼１４を追加で設けることにより、隣り合う主翼１３の間において、中間翼１４で主板１１または側板１２を支持することによって、積層造形の工程において、主板１１及び／または側板１２が変形することを抑制することができる。 In the second embodiment, as an example, the material used in the additive manufacturing of the impeller is stainless steel. As compared with titanium, stainless steel is more likely to cause defective molding, and the impeller has a larger distance between the adjacent main blades 13 toward the outer periphery. Therefore, by additionally providing the intermediate blades 14 in the flow passage 20, they are adjacent to each other. By supporting the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 with the intermediate wing 14 between the main wings 13, it is possible to suppress the deformation of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 in the additive manufacturing process.
　つまり、第１の実施例の羽根車３の素材であるチタンの限界距離Ｄ１は、第２の実施例の羽根車３の素材であるステンレスの限界距離Ｄ２に比べて長い（Ｄ１＞Ｄ２）。そのため、第１の実施例では、隣り合う主翼１３の間の最大距離ｄ０（隣り合う主翼１３の間の主板１１の円周の長さ）がチタンの限界距離Ｄ１（ｄ０＜Ｄ１）以下のため、主翼１３のみで主板１１と側板１２とを支持できる。それに比して第２の実施例では、隣り合う主翼１３の間の最大距離ｄ０がステンレスの限界距離Ｄ２（ｄ０＞Ｄ２）より大きいため、中間翼１４を設け、当該中間翼１４にて主板１１と側板１２とを支持することによって、積層造形の工程において、主板１１及び／または側板１２が変形することを抑制する。なお、羽根径が大きい等で、吸込み側（羽根の中心側）でも支持する必要があれば、中間羽根ではなく、主翼を追加してもよい。 That is, the limit distance D1 of titanium, which is the material of the impeller 3 of the first embodiment, is longer than the limit distance D2 of stainless steel, which is the material of the impeller 3 of the second embodiment (D1>D2). Therefore, in the first embodiment, the maximum distance d0 between the adjacent main wings 13 (the length of the circumference of the main plate 11 between the adjacent main wings 13) is equal to or less than the limit distance D1 (d0<D1) of titanium. The main plate 11 and the side plate 12 can be supported only by the main wing 13. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, the maximum distance d0 between the adjacent main blades 13 is larger than the limit distance D2 (d0>D2) of stainless steel. Therefore, the intermediate blade 14 is provided and the main blade 11 is attached to the intermediate blade 14. By supporting the side plate 12 and the side plate 12, the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 are prevented from being deformed in the additive manufacturing process. If it is necessary to support the suction side (center side of the blade) due to the large diameter of the blade, the main blade may be added instead of the intermediate blade.
　積層造形では、積層面を形成する場合、変形を抑えるために所定の間隔にて下から支持する必要があり、一般的には、当該支持するために、製造工程にて除去されるサポート部材が用いられる。しかしながら、主板１１と側板１２間にサポート部材を形成し、当該サポート部材を除去することは困難である。なぜならば、主板１１と側板１２間は流路であって、サポート部材が除去しきれずに残ってしまったり、サポート部材の除去工程で誤って流路を損傷してしまったりした場合、圧力損失等の原因となって客先が所望する性能（つまり設計した性能）が確保できなくなる。よって、積層造形にて羽根車を造形する際には、主板１１と側板１２間の流路は極力形状変更等の加工することなく積層造形し、なお且つ客先要求を満たす設計とするとよい。 In additive manufacturing, when forming a laminated surface, it is necessary to support from below from a predetermined interval in order to suppress deformation, and generally, in order to support the support member removed in the manufacturing process. Used. However, it is difficult to form a support member between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 and remove the support member. This is because there is a flow path between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12, and when the support member is not completely removed and remains, or the flow path is accidentally damaged in the process of removing the support member, pressure loss, etc. As a result, the performance desired by the customer (that is, the designed performance) cannot be secured. Therefore, when the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, it is preferable that the flow path between the main plate 11 and the side plate 12 be additive manufactured without modification such as shape change as much as possible, and designed to meet customer requirements.
　図２８は、ポンプ選定図の一例である。図２８に示すように、ポンプ選定図は、横軸がポンプの吐出し量で縦軸が全揚程である。また、ポンプ選定図では、機種（すなわち、機種Ａ、機種Ｂ、機種Ｃ）毎に、選定可能な領域が割り当てられている。例えば、客先要求が運転点Ｘの吐出し量及び全揚程である場合、ポンプは機種Ｂが選定される。 FIG. 28 is an example of a pump selection diagram. As shown in FIG. 28, in the pump selection diagram, the horizontal axis represents the discharge amount of the pump and the vertical axis represents the total head. Further, in the pump selection diagram, selectable areas are assigned to each model (that is, model A, model B, model C). For example, when the customer request is the discharge amount and the total head at the operating point X, the model B is selected as the pump.
　図２９は、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造システムの概略構成図である。図３０は、選定されたポンプ機種における全揚程と吐出し流量との間の関係の一例を示すグラフである。図２９に示すように、羽根車の製造システムＳ１は、情報処理装置７と、積層造形機８とを備える。図２９に示すように、情報処理装置７は、ストレージ７１と、メモリ７２と、入力インタフェース７３と、出力インタフェース７４と、通信モジュール７５と、プロセッサ７６を備える。
　ここでストレージ７１には、プロセッサ７６が読み出して実行するための第７の実施形態に係るプログラム及び各種のデータが格納されている。ストレージ７１は、不揮発性メモリであり、例えばＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）、フラッシュメモリ等である。メモリ７２は、データ及びプログラムを一時的に保持する。メモリ７２は、揮発性メモリであり、例えばＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）である。 FIG. 29 is a schematic configuration diagram of an impeller manufacturing system according to the seventh embodiment. FIG. 30 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the total head and the discharge flow rate in the selected pump model. As shown in FIG. 29, the impeller manufacturing system S1 includes an information processing device 7 and an additive manufacturing machine 8. As shown in FIG. 29, the information processing device 7 includes a storage 71, a memory 72, an input interface 73, an output interface 74, a communication module 75, and a processor 76.
Here, the storage 71 stores the program and various data according to the seventh embodiment to be read and executed by the processor 76. The storage 71 is a non-volatile memory, such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) or a flash memory. The memory 72 temporarily holds data and programs. The memory 72 is a volatile memory and is, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
　入力インタフェース７３は、ＧＵＩ（Graphical User Interface）として、ユーザからの入力を受け付ける。
　出力インタフェース７４は、積層造形機８に接続されており、積層造形機へ信号を出力する。一実施形態では、出力インタフェース７４はＧＵＩ（Graphical User Interface）としても機能するとよい。
　通信モジュール７５は、ネットワークに接続されて、ネットワークに接続されている他のコンピュータと通信する。一実施形態では、通信モジュール７５は積層造形機８とネットワーク接続されて、積層造形機へ信号を出力してもよい。 The input interface 73 is a GUI (Graphical User Interface) and receives input from the user.
The output interface 74 is connected to the additive manufacturing machine 8 and outputs a signal to the additive manufacturing machine. In one embodiment, the output interface 74 may also function as a GUI (Graphical User Interface).
The communication module 75 is connected to the network and communicates with other computers connected to the network. In one embodiment, the communication module 75 may be networked with the additive manufacturing machine 8 to output signals to the additive manufacturing machine.
　プロセッサ７６は、ストレージ７１から第７の実施形態に係るプログラムをメモリ７２にロードし、当該プログラムに含まれる一連の命令を実行することによって、ポンプ機種選定部７６０、外径決定部７６１、形状決定部７６２、性能算出部７６３、判定部７６４、及び再度決定部７６５として機能する。ここで、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計システムＳ１１は、これらの外径決定部７６１、形状決定部７６２、性能算出部７６３、判定部７６４、及び再度決定部７６５を備える。 The processor 76 loads the program according to the seventh embodiment from the storage 71 into the memory 72, and executes a series of instructions included in the program, whereby the pump model selection unit 760, the outer diameter determination unit 761, and the shape determination. It functions as the unit 762, the performance calculation unit 763, the determination unit 764, and the determination unit 765 again. Here, the impeller design system S11 according to the seventh embodiment includes the outer diameter determination unit 761, the shape determination unit 762, the performance calculation unit 763, the determination unit 764, and the determination unit 765 again.
　ポンプ選定部７６０は、複数のポンプ機種群の中から、例えば入力インタフェース７３を介してユーザによって入力される客先要求を満たすポンプ機種を選定する。例えばポンプ選定部７６０は、用途（陸上ポンプ、水中ポンプ等）、揚液（清水、汚水、汚物、雑排水、海水、等）、設置状況（立形、横形、自吸、可搬式等）、ポンプ性能（揚程、水量、軸動力等）等の客先要求を満たすポンプを選定する。具体的には、ストレージ７１は、用途、揚液、および設置状況等に対応するポンプ機種群を選定可能なデータテーブルもしくは選定プログラム、ポンプ機種群（ここでは、図２８に示す機種Ａ，機種Ｂ，機種Ｃがひとつのポンプ機種群を成す。）毎の選定範囲が示されるポンプ選定図（例えば図２８）、ポンプ機種毎の代表性能曲線、等を記憶し、選定用途、揚液、設置状況等により複数のポンプ機種群の中から選択したポンプ機種群のポンプ選定図（例えば図２８）より、客先要求の揚程と吐出し流量（例えば図２８の運転点Ｘ）が選定範囲内に入るポンプ機種（図２８の例ではポンプ機種Ｂ）を選定する。 The pump selection unit 760 selects, from a plurality of pump model groups, a pump model that satisfies the customer request input by the user via the input interface 73, for example. For example, the pump selection unit 760 can be used for purposes (land pumps, submersible pumps, etc.), pumped liquids (fresh water, sewage, filth, miscellaneous drainage, seawater, etc.), installation conditions (vertical, horizontal, self-priming, portable, etc.) Select a pump that meets customer requirements such as pump performance (lift, water volume, shaft power, etc.). Specifically, the storage 71 is a data table or a selection program that can select a pump model group corresponding to the use, pumping, installation condition, etc. (here, model A and model B shown in FIG. 28). , Model C constitutes one pump model group.) A pump selection diagram (for example, Fig. 28) showing the selection range for each, a representative performance curve for each pump model, etc. is stored, and the selected application, pumping, and installation status are stored. From the pump selection diagram (for example, FIG. 28) of the pump model group selected from a plurality of pump model groups, etc., the customer's requested head and discharge flow rate (for example, operating point X in FIG. 28) are within the selected range. A pump model (pump model B in the example of FIG. 28) is selected.
　外径決定部７６１は、選定されたポンプ機種と、羽根径と運転点の関係性とを用いて、当該ポンプに用いられる羽根車の外径を決定する。具体的には、図３０に示すように、羽根の外形が小さくなると吐出し流量と全揚程が小さくなる。吐出し流量は羽根の外形比のｍ乗に比例し、揚程は羽根の外形比のｎ乗に比例（ｍとｎは、ポンプの機種や羽根車の形状等によって決まる定数）する。ストレージ７１は羽根径と運転点の関係性を示すデータテーブルまたは計算式を記憶し、外径決定部７６１は、ポンプ機種と、当該計算式またはデータテーブルに基いて、ポンプに要求される揚程と吐出し流量を満たす羽根車３の外径を決定する。 The outer diameter determination unit 761 determines the outer diameter of the impeller used for the pump by using the selected pump model and the relationship between the blade diameter and the operating point. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, as the outer shape of the blade becomes smaller, the discharge flow rate and the total head become smaller. The discharge flow rate is proportional to the m-th power of the outer shape ratio of the blades, and the lift is proportional to the n-th power of the outer shape ratio of the blades (m and n are constants determined by the pump model and the shape of the impeller). The storage 71 stores a data table or a calculation formula indicating the relationship between the blade diameter and the operating point, and the outer diameter determination unit 761 determines the pump model and the lift required for the pump based on the calculation formula or the data table. The outer diameter of the impeller 3 that satisfies the discharge flow rate is determined.
　形状決定部７６２は、羽根車を積層造形するのに最適な羽根車の設計形状を決定する。具体的には形状決定部（設計変更部）７６２は、羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。例えば形状決定部７６２は、ポンプ選定部７６０により選定されたポンプ機種Ｂの羽根車と、当該羽根車３の素材の情報とを用いて、隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けられる中間翼１４の形状及び配置態様を決定する。なお、羽根車の素材は、ポンプ機種によって決められた標準的な素材でもよいし、特殊な用途等の客先要望で変更されてもよい。具体的には例えば、ストレージ７１は、ポンプ機種毎の羽根車の形状（主翼の枚数や配置等）と、羽根車の素材と限界距離Ｄとの関係を示すデータテーブルまたは関係式等と、を記憶しており、形状決定部７６２は、羽根車の形状と限界距離Ｄに基いて、当該羽根車を積層造形にて形成する際に追加する中間翼１４の形状及び配置態様や枚数を決定する。
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、ポンプ選定部７６０により選定されたポンプ機種の主翼１３と主翼１３との間の距離が広くても、中間翼１４を隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けるようにすることで、主板１１及び／または側板１２の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 The shape determining unit 762 determines the optimum design shape of the impeller for additive manufacturing of the impeller. Specifically, the shape determining unit (design changing unit) 762 changes the design of the impeller based on the information of the impeller so as to add an intermediate blade required for additive manufacturing of the impeller. For example, the shape determining unit 762 uses the impeller of the pump model B selected by the pump selecting unit 760 and the information on the material of the impeller 3 to determine the intermediate blade 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13. Determine the shape and layout. The material of the impeller may be a standard material determined by the pump model, or may be changed according to the customer's request such as a special purpose. Specifically, for example, the storage 71 stores the shape of the impeller (the number and arrangement of the main blades) for each pump model, and a data table or a relational expression indicating the relationship between the impeller material and the limit distance D. The shape determining unit 762 determines the shape, the arrangement mode, and the number of intermediate blades 14 to be added when the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, based on the shape of the impeller and the limit distance D. ..
According to this configuration, in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the distance between the main blades 13 of the pump model selected by the pump selection unit 760 is large, the intermediate blades 14 of the adjacent main blades 13 are By disposing it between them, the deformation of the main plate 11 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, so that defective formation can be suppressed.
　具体的には例えば、形状決定部７６２は、隣り合う主翼１３が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う主翼１３の間の距離ｄと羽根車の素材の情報を用いて、中間翼１４の要否を判定し（例えば、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが、羽根車の素材に応じた限界距離Ｄ以下であるか否か判定し）、当該中間翼１４が必要な場合（例えば、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが当該限界距離を超える場合）、当該中間翼１４を追加し、当該中間翼１４が必要でない場合（例えば、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが当該限界距離以下の場合）、ポンプ選定部７６０により選定されたポンプ機種の主翼１３にて羽根車３の形状を決定する。これにより、羽根車の素材によって異なる所定の許容距離よりも複数の主翼１３間における積層面における距離が小さくなるように中間翼を追加する。ここで図２７のように羽根車がクローズドインペラの場合、主翼間での積層面は、主翼１３よりも後に形成される羽根車の主板１１または側板１２である、この構成によれば、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが当該限界距離を超える場合には、中間翼１４を造形するようにすることで形成不良を抑制し、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが当該限界距離以下の場合には、選定図より選定した羽根車を造形することで、流体解析の手順を省略し設計工数を低減することができる。 Specifically, for example, the shape determining unit 762 uses the information on the distance d between the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed and the material of the impeller to determine whether or not the intermediate blade 14 is necessary. (For example, it is determined whether the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D according to the material of the impeller) and the intermediate blade 14 is required (for example, between the main wings 13). When the distance d exceeds the limit distance), the intermediate blade 14 is added, and when the intermediate blade 14 is not necessary (for example, when the distance d between the main blades 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance), the pump selection unit The shape of the impeller 3 is determined by the main wing 13 of the pump model selected by 760. As a result, the intermediate blade is added so that the distance on the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades 13 becomes smaller than the predetermined allowable distance that differs depending on the material of the impeller. Here, when the impeller is a closed impeller as shown in FIG. 27, the laminated surface between the main blades is the main plate 11 or the side plate 12 of the impeller formed after the main blade 13. According to this configuration, the main blade 13 When the distance d between the main blades 13 exceeds the limit distance, formation defects are suppressed by molding the intermediate blades 14, and when the distance d between the main blades 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance, selection is performed. By modeling the impeller selected from the figure, the procedure of fluid analysis can be omitted and the number of design steps can be reduced.
　中間翼１４が追加された場合、性能算出部７６３は、中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３にて、流体解析する。ここで、この流体解析は、例えば、ＣＦＤ（Computational Fluid Dynamics）であって、公知のシミュレーションによって行われてもよい。その際、例えば、中間翼１４が必要な場合、性能算出部７６３は、中間翼１４の影響のみを流体解析し、当該流体解析結果を性能曲線に反映してもよい。これにより、流体解析の工数が削減できると共により正確な解析結果を得ることができる。
　また、中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３を用いたポンプ機種Ｂの流体解析結果と、中間翼１４が追加される前の羽根車３を用いたポンプ機種Ｂの性能曲線図と、を比較してもよい。これにより、積層造形にて形成するため中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３と、例えば鋳造等で形成される中間翼１４のない羽根車３との性能比較ができる。 When the intermediate blade 14 is added, the performance calculation unit 763 performs fluid analysis with the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added. Here, this fluid analysis is, for example, CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics), and may be performed by a known simulation. At that time, for example, when the intermediate blade 14 is required, the performance calculation unit 763 may perform fluid analysis only on the influence of the intermediate blade 14 and reflect the fluid analysis result on the performance curve. As a result, the number of man-hours for fluid analysis can be reduced and more accurate analysis results can be obtained.
Further, the fluid analysis result of the pump model B using the impeller 3 with the additional intermediate blade 14 is compared with the performance curve diagram of the pump model B with the impeller 3 before the additional intermediate blade 14 is added. You may. As a result, it is possible to compare the performance of the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added because it is formed by the additive manufacturing and the impeller 3 without the intermediate blade 14 formed by, for example, casting.
　図３０には、積層造形にて形成するため中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３を備えたポンプ機種Ｂにおける選定範囲が示されている。性能算出部７６３によって、中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３を備えたポンプ機種Ｂにおける選定範囲Ｃ１（図３０（Ａ）参照）が決定される。なお、選定範囲はポンプ性能が保証できる範囲内であって、例えば、ポンプ性能の最高効率点に基づいて決定されるとよい。例えば、ポンプ性能の最高効率点の±１０パーセント以内の揚程並びに吐出し流量の範囲である。 FIG. 30 shows a selection range in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added for forming by additive manufacturing. The performance calculation unit 763 determines the selection range C1 (see FIG. 30A) in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 is added. The selection range is within a range in which the pump performance can be guaranteed, and may be determined based on the highest efficiency point of the pump performance, for example. For example, the range of the head and the discharge flow rate within ±10% of the maximum efficiency point of the pump performance.
　判定部７６４は、流体解析結果（例えば揚程と吐出し流量）が要求レベルを満たすか否か判定する。要求レベルは、例えば、客先要求の揚程と吐出し流量である運転点Ｘである。判定部７６４は、図３０（Ａ）に示すように、積層造形にて形成するため中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３を備えたポンプ機種Ｂにおける選定範囲Ｃ１内に運転点Ｘが入る場合、決定された当該羽根車の外径、及び前記決定された羽根車の形状を含む信号を、積層造形機８へ出力するよう出力インタフェース７４を制御する。その後、積層造形機８は、決定された当該羽根車３の外径、及び決定された羽根車３に設けられる主翼１３の枚数、または当該主翼１３の枚数と中間翼１４の枚数で、当該羽根車３を積層造形する。この構成によれば、揚程と吐出し流量が要求レベルを満たしつつ積層造形できることが担保して積層造形における形成不良を抑制することができる。 The determination unit 764 determines whether or not the fluid analysis result (for example, the lift and the discharge flow rate) satisfies the required level. The request level is, for example, the operating point X which is the lift and discharge flow rate requested by the customer. As shown in FIG. 30(A), the determination unit 764 determines that the operating point X falls within the selection range C1 in the pump model B including the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blades 14 are added for forming by additive manufacturing. The output interface 74 is controlled to output a signal including the determined outer diameter of the impeller and the determined shape of the impeller to the additive manufacturing machine 8. After that, the additive manufacturing machine 8 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the determined number of the main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3, or the number of the main blades 13 and the number of the intermediate blades 14 to generate the blades. Add car 3 to the model. With this configuration, it is possible to ensure that the additive manufacturing can be performed while the lift and the discharge flow rate satisfy the required levels, and it is possible to suppress the formation failure in the additive manufacturing.
　再度決定部７６５は、流体解析結果（例えば揚程と吐出し流量）が要求レベルを満たさない場合、つまり図３０（Ｂ）に示すように、客先要求の運転点Ｘが流体解析結果である選定範囲Ｃ１´外の場合、羽根車３の設計形状を変更し、変更後の設計形状で再度、流体解析することによって、揚程と吐出し流量との間の関係を再度決定する。ここで、羽根車の設計形状の変更は例えば、中間翼の形状の変更、当該羽根車３の外径の変更、及び／または主翼１３及び／または中間翼１４の翼角の変更である。 Again, the determining unit 765 selects when the fluid analysis result (for example, the lift and the discharge flow rate) does not satisfy the required level, that is, the operating point X requested by the customer is the fluid analysis result, as shown in FIG. Outside the range C1′, the design shape of the impeller 3 is changed, and the fluid is analyzed again with the changed design shape to determine again the relationship between the head and the discharge flow rate. Here, the change in the design shape of the impeller is, for example, the change in the shape of the intermediate blade, the change in the outer diameter of the impeller 3, and/or the change in the blade angle of the main blade 13 and/or the intermediate blade 14.
　図３１は、羽根車の外径が大きくなるように変更する場合を説明するための図である。図３０（Ｂ）に示すように、客先要求の運転点Ｘが流体解析結果である選定範囲Ｃ１´よりも上の場合、羽根車の外径を大きくすることで、選定範囲Ｃ１´内に運転点Ｘが入る可能性がある。しかしながら、図３１に示すように、羽根車３の外径を矢印Ａ１に示すように破線１２１まで大きくすると、主板１１の外周面における主翼１３の距離がＬ１からＬ２に広がる。これにより、積層造形する際には、外周面側の主板及び／または外周面側の側板が変形する恐れがある。 FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining a case where the outer diameter of the impeller is changed to be larger. As shown in FIG. 30(B), when the operating point X requested by the customer is higher than the selection range C1′ which is the fluid analysis result, the outer diameter of the impeller is increased so that the selection point C1′ falls within the selection range C1′. Operating point X may enter. However, as shown in FIG. 31, when the outer diameter of the impeller 3 is increased to the broken line 121 as shown by the arrow A1, the distance of the main wing 13 on the outer peripheral surface of the main plate 11 increases from L1 to L2. This may cause deformation of the main plate on the outer peripheral surface side and/or the side plate on the outer peripheral surface side during additive manufacturing.
　この変形を予防するために、第７の実施形態に係る再度決定部７６５は、揚程と吐出し流量との間の関係を再度決定する際に、例えば、羽根車３の設計形状を変更する場合において当該変更後の羽根車３の外径が変更前の外径よりも大きい場合には、中間翼１４の設計形状の変更（例えば、中間翼１４を羽根車３の外周面の近傍まで延長）を含む設計変更を実行する。そして、再度決定部７６５は、変更後の設計形状で積層造形できるか否か判定し（主翼１３の間の距離ｄが限界距離Ｄ以下であるか否か）、積層造形できる（主翼１３の間の距離ｄ≦限界距離Ｄ）場合には、変更後の設計形状で再度、流体解析することによって、選定範囲を再度決定する。例えば、変更後の羽根車３の外径が変更前の外径よりも大きい場合に、中間翼１４を羽根車３の外周面の近傍まで延長することによって、変更後の設計形状で積層造形できるようにすることができる。この構成によれば、変更後の羽根車３の外径が変更前の外径よりも大きい場合であっても積層造形できることを担保しつつ、積層造形における形成不良を抑制することができる。また、一実施形態で再度決定部７６５は、主翼１３および又は中間翼１４の翼角を変更することで性能を変化させてもよい。一般的にポンプの流量は一定の揚程に対し翼角にほぼ比例して変化する。よって、客先要望の運転点Ｘを満たすように主翼１３および又は中間翼１４の翼角を変更するとよい。 In order to prevent this deformation, when the determining unit 765 according to the seventh embodiment again determines the relationship between the lift and the discharge flow rate, for example, when changing the design shape of the impeller 3. When the outer diameter of the impeller 3 after the change is larger than the outer diameter before the change, the design shape of the intermediate blade 14 is changed (for example, the intermediate blade 14 is extended to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the impeller 3). Make design changes that include. Then, the determining unit 765 determines again whether or not the modified design shape can be additively manufactured (whether or not the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D), and additive manufacturing can be performed (between the main wings 13). If the distance d≦the limit distance D), the selected range is determined again by performing a fluid analysis again with the changed design shape. For example, when the outer diameter of the changed impeller 3 is larger than the outer diameter before the change, the intermediate blade 14 is extended to the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the impeller 3 to enable additive manufacturing with the changed design shape. You can According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress the formation failure in the layered manufacturing while ensuring that the layered manufacturing can be performed even when the outer diameter of the impeller 3 after the change is larger than the outer diameter before the change. Also, in one embodiment, the determining unit 765 may change the performance by changing the blade angles of the main wing 13 and/or the intermediate wing 14 again. Generally, the flow rate of a pump changes almost in proportion to the blade angle for a certain head. Therefore, the blade angles of the main wing 13 and/or the intermediate wing 14 may be changed so as to satisfy the operating point X desired by the customer.
　判定部７６４は、再度決定部７６５によって再度決定された羽根車３の形状にて要求レベルを満たすか否か判定する。そして、再度決定された羽根車３の形状にて要求レベルを満たす場合に判定部７６４は、変更された羽根車３の設計形状に関する情報を含む信号を、積層造形機８へ出力するよう出力インタフェース７４を制御する。その後、積層造形機８は、変更された羽根車３の設計形状で、当該羽根車３を積層造形する。この構成によれば、客先要望毎に変更された羽根車３の設計形状で、羽根車３を積層造形する。よって、個別の要求レベルを満たす羽根車を鋳物や溶接等で製作するのに比べて短納期で製作することができる。 The determination unit 764 determines whether or not the shape of the impeller 3 determined again by the determination unit 765 satisfies the required level. When the shape of the impeller 3 determined again satisfies the required level, the determination unit 764 outputs the signal including the information about the changed design shape of the impeller 3 to the additive manufacturing machine 8. Control 74. After that, the additive manufacturing machine 8 performs additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 with the changed design shape of the impeller 3. According to this configuration, the impeller 3 is layered and molded with the design shape of the impeller 3 changed for each customer's request. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture the impeller satisfying the individual required level in a short delivery time as compared with the case where the impeller is manufactured by casting or welding.
　以上、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計システムＳ１１は、ポンプに要求される揚程と、当該ポンプの要求される吐出し流量とを用いて、当該ポンプに用いられる羽根車の外径を決定する外径決定部７６１と、当該決定された羽根車３の外径と、当該羽根車３を積層造形する際に用いる金属の素材の情報とを用いて、当該羽根車３を積層造形するのに必要な、当該羽根車３に設けられる主翼１３の枚数、または隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けられる中間翼１４の枚数とを決定する形状決定部７６２と、を備える。 As described above, the impeller design system S11 according to the seventh embodiment uses the lift required for the pump and the discharge flow rate required for the pump to determine the outer diameter of the impeller used for the pump. Using the outer diameter determining unit 761 that determines the outer diameter of the impeller 3 that has been determined, and the information on the metal material that is used when the impeller 3 is additively manufactured, the impeller 3 is additively manufactured. A shape determining unit 762 that determines the number of main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3 or the number of intermediate blades 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13 necessary for the above.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、主翼１３と主翼１３との間の距離が広がっても、中間翼１４を隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けるようにすることで、主板１１及び／または側板１２の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case of forming by laminated manufacturing, even if the distance between the main wings 13 increases, the intermediate blades 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the main plate 11 Since the deformation of the side plate 12 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, defective formation can be suppressed.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造システムＳ１は、ポンプに要求される揚程と、当該ポンプの要求される吐出し流量とを用いて、当該ポンプに用いられる羽根車３の外径を決定する外径決定部７６１を備える。更に羽根車の製造システムＳ１は、当該決定された羽根車３の外径と、当該羽根車３を積層造形する際に用いる金属の素材の情報とを用いて、当該羽根車３を積層造形するのに必要な、当該羽根車３に設けられる主翼１３の枚数、または隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けられる中間翼１４の枚数を決定する形状決定部７６２を備える。更に羽根車の製造システムＳ１は、当該決定された当該羽根車の外径と、当該羽根車３に設けられる主翼１３の枚数、または当該主翼１３の枚数と中間翼１４の枚数とを用いて、流体解析することによって、揚程と吐出し流量との間の関係を決定する性能算出部７６３を備える。更に羽根車の製造システムＳ１は、当該決定された揚程と吐出し流量が要求レベルを満たす場合、前記決定された当該羽根車３の外径、及び前記決定された羽根車３に設けられる主翼１３の枚数、または当該主翼１３の枚数と中間翼１４の枚数で、当該羽根車３を積層造形する積層造形機８を備える。 Further, the manufacturing system S1 of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment uses the lift required for the pump and the discharge flow rate required for the pump to determine the outer diameter of the impeller 3 used for the pump. An outer diameter determining unit 761 that determines Further, the impeller manufacturing system S1 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the information on the metal material used for additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 to perform additive manufacturing of the impeller 3. A shape determining unit 762 that determines the number of main blades 13 provided in the impeller 3 or the number of intermediate blades 14 provided between the adjacent main blades 13 necessary for the above. Further, the impeller manufacturing system S1 uses the determined outer diameter of the impeller, the number of main wings 13 provided in the impeller 3, or the number of main wings 13 and the number of intermediate wings 14, A performance calculation unit 763 is provided that determines the relationship between the head and the discharge flow rate by performing fluid analysis. Further, in the impeller manufacturing system S1, the determined outer diameter of the impeller 3 and the determined main blade 13 provided in the impeller 3 when the determined head and discharge flow rate satisfy the required levels. Or the number of the main blades 13 and the number of the intermediate blades 14 are included in the laminate molding machine 8 that laminate-molds the impeller 3.
　この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、主翼１３と主翼１３との間の距離が広がっても、中間翼１４を隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けるようにすることで、主板１１及び／または側板１２の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, in the case of forming by laminated manufacturing, even if the distance between the main wings 13 increases, the intermediate blades 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the main plate 11 Since the deformation of the side plate 12 and/or the side plate 12 can be suppressed, defective formation can be suppressed.
　続いて図３２を用いて、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法、及び第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れについて説明する。図３２は、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。第７の実施形態では、図３２のフローチャートは設計システムＳ１にて実施される。 Next, the flow of the method for designing the impeller according to the seventh embodiment and the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 32. FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of a method for manufacturing an impeller according to the seventh embodiment. In the seventh embodiment, the flowchart of FIG. 32 is implemented by the design system S1.
　（ステップＳ１１０）まず、例えば羽根車３を製造する製造者は、入力インタフェース７３を用いて、客先要望を入力する。客先要望は、少なくとも上述の客先要求（用途、揚液、設置状況、性能、運転点Ｘ等）のうちの何れかを含む。すなわち、入力インタフェース７３は客先要望を製造者から受け付ける。これにより、プロセッサ７６は、客先要望を取得する。なお、説明を簡単にするため、第７の実施形態では、客先要望として客先要求の運転点Ｘが入力されるとして説明する。 (Step S110) First, for example, the manufacturer of the impeller 3 inputs a customer request using the input interface 73. The customer request includes at least one of the above-mentioned customer requirements (use, pumping, installation status, performance, operating point X, etc.). That is, the input interface 73 receives a customer request from a manufacturer. As a result, the processor 76 acquires the customer request. In addition, in order to simplify the description, in the seventh embodiment, the operating point X of the customer request is input as the customer request.
　（ステップＳ１２０）次に、ポンプ機種選定部７６０は、ステップＳ１１０で入力された、客先要望を満たすポンプ機種を選定する。具体的には、該当するポンプ選定図（ここでは図２８）より運転点Ｘに該当するポンプ機種Ｂを選定する。 (Step S120) Next, the pump model selection unit 760 selects a pump model that satisfies the customer's request input in step S110. Specifically, the pump model B corresponding to the operating point X is selected from the corresponding pump selection diagram (here, FIG. 28).
　（ステップＳ１３０）次に、形状決定部７６２は、ステップＳ１２０で決定された外径の羽根車が積層造形できるか否か（例えば、主翼１３の間の距離ｄが限界距離Ｄ以下であるか否か、羽根車３の大きさが積層造形機の最大造形エリア以下か否か）を判定する。 (Step S130) Next, the shape determination unit 762 determines whether or not the impeller having the outer diameter determined in step S120 can be layered (for example, whether or not the distance d between the main wings 13 is equal to or less than the limit distance D). Or whether the size of the impeller 3 is less than or equal to the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine).
　（ステップＳ１４０）ステップＳ１３０で、選定されたポンプ機種で使用される羽根車が積層造形できない（主翼１３の間の距離ｄ＞限界距離Ｄ、羽根車３の大きさが積層造形機の最大造形エリア以上）と判定された場合、形状決定部７６２は、ポンプ選定部７６０により選定されたポンプ機種Ｂの羽根車と、当該羽根車３の素材の情報とを用いて、隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けられる中間翼１４の形状及び配置態様を決定する。また、羽根車３の大きさが積層造形機の最大造形エリア以上であれば、羽根車の外径を小さくする代わりに翼の枚数や翼角を変更する等にて性能を調整する。 (Step S140) In step S130, the impeller used in the selected pump model cannot be additively manufactured (the distance d between the main wings 13>the limit distance D, and the size of the impeller 3 is the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine. If it is determined that the above), the shape determining unit 762 uses the impeller of the pump model B selected by the pump selecting unit 760 and the information on the material of the impeller 3 to determine the distance between the adjacent main blades 13. The shape and arrangement of the intermediate blades 14 provided in the. If the size of the impeller 3 is equal to or larger than the maximum modeling area of the additive manufacturing machine, the performance is adjusted by changing the number of blades or the blade angle instead of reducing the outer diameter of the impeller.
　（ステップＳ１５０）次に、性能算出部７６３は、ステップＳ１４０にて形状変更された羽根車３（例えば、中間翼１４が追加された羽根車３）にて、流体解析する。 (Step S150) Next, the performance calculation unit 763 performs fluid analysis with the impeller 3 whose shape has been changed in step S140 (for example, the impeller 3 to which the intermediate blade 14 has been added).
　（ステップＳ１６０）次に判定部７６４は、流体解析結果が客先要望を満たすか否か判定する。具体的には、図３０に示すように、使用範囲内に運転点Ｘが含まれるか否かを判定し、使用範囲内に運転点Ｘが含まれる場合（図３０（Ａ））は客先要望を満たす、とし、使用範囲外に運転点Ｘがある場合（図３０（Ｂ））は客先要望を満たさない、と判断する。 (Step S160) Next, the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, it is determined whether the operating point X is included in the usage range, and if the operating point X is included in the usage range (FIG. 30(A)), the customer is If the demand is satisfied, and the operating point X is outside the usage range (FIG. 30B), it is determined that the customer's demand is not satisfied.
　（ステップＳ１７０）ステップＳ１６０で流体解析結果が客先要望を満たさない場合（ステップＳ１６０：ＮＯ）、判定部７６４は、選択したポンプ機種Ｂにて対応不可であるか否か判定する。つまり、羽根径や翼角を変更しても使用範囲内に運転点Ｘが含まれないと判断したら選択したポンプ機種Ｂにて対応不可であり、その場合はステップＳ１２０に戻って、再度、ポンプ機種が選定される。 (Step S170) When the fluid analysis result does not satisfy the customer's request in step S160 (step S160: NO), the determination unit 764 determines whether or not the selected pump model B cannot be supported. That is, if it is determined that the operating point X is not included in the operating range even if the blade diameter or the blade angle is changed, the selected pump model B cannot be used. The model is selected.
　（ステップＳ１８０）ステップＳ１７０で、選択したポンプ機種にて対応不可でない場合、再度決定部７６５は、羽根車３の設計形状を変更する。そしてステップＳ１５０に戻って、変更された羽根車３の設計形状で、再度、流体解析が実行される。なお、第７の実施形態では、再度決定部７６５にて羽根車３の設計形状を変更した後にステップＳ１５０に戻っている。一実施形態では再度決定部７６５にて羽根車３の設計形状を変更した後にステップＳ１３０に戻ってもよい。 (Step S180) In step S170, if the selected pump model is not compatible, the determining unit 765 changes the design shape of the impeller 3 again. Then, returning to step S150, the fluid analysis is executed again with the changed design shape of the impeller 3. In the seventh embodiment, the determining unit 765 changes the design shape of the impeller 3 again, and then the process returns to step S150. In one embodiment, the determining unit 765 may change the design shape of the impeller 3 again, and then the process may return to step S130.
　（ステップＳ１９０）ステップＳ１３０で羽根車が積層造形できると判定された場合、または、ステップＳ１６０で流体解析結果が客先要望を満たす場合（流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点Ｘを包含する場合）、例えばプロセッサ７６は、出力インタフェース７４を介して、積層造形が実行されるように積層造形機８を制御する。なお、この制御は、人手を介して実行されてもよい。これにより、積層造形機８は、客先要望を満たす羽根車３を積層造形する。 (Step S190) When it is determined that the impeller can be additively manufactured in step S130, or when the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request in step S160 (operation in which the selection range based on the fluid analysis result satisfies the customer's request) When the point X is included), for example, the processor 76 controls the additive manufacturing machine 8 via the output interface 74 so that the additive manufacturing is performed. Note that this control may be executed manually. As a result, the additive manufacturing machine 8 effects additive manufacturing of the impeller 3 that satisfies the customer's request.
（ステップＳ２００）ステップＳ１９０で、積層造形された羽根車３は、その外周が旋盤等で切削加工される。積層造形された羽根車３は、図３０（Ａ）に示す客先の運転点Ｘを満たすために、その外周を旋盤等で切削加工する。つまり、図３０（Ａ）の場合、φ１８０以上の外径（例えば、φ２１０の外径）にて積層造形され、その後切削加工にて外径をφ１８０とすることで、客先要求の運転点Ｘを満たす。但し、この切削加工が省略され、外径がφ１８０の羽根車を積層造形にて形成してもよい。 (Step S200) In step S190, the outer periphery of the laminated molding impeller 3 is cut by a lathe or the like. In order to satisfy the customer's operating point X shown in FIG. 30(A), the laminated impeller 3 has its outer periphery cut by a lathe or the like. That is, in the case of FIG. 30(A), the outer diameter of φ180 or more (for example, the outer diameter of φ210) is layered and manufactured, and then the outer diameter is φ180 by cutting, so that the operating point X requested by the customer is set. Meet However, this cutting process may be omitted, and an impeller having an outer diameter of φ180 may be formed by additive manufacturing.
　以上、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法は、ポンプの羽根車の設計方法であって、当該羽根車は、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼１３を備え、当該羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更工程を有する。この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、羽根車を積層造形するよう設計を変更することができるので、当該羽根車の積層造形中の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 As described above, the design method of the impeller according to the seventh embodiment is the design method of the impeller of the pump, and the impeller includes the plurality of main blades 13 that give the pumping liquid energy, and the information of the impeller is provided. On the basis of the above, there is a design change process for changing the design of the impeller so that the impeller is laminated and manufactured. According to this configuration, in the case where the impeller is formed by additive manufacturing, the design can be changed so that the impeller is additive manufactured. Therefore, deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing can be suppressed, and thus formation defects can be suppressed. can do.
　例えば、当該設計変更工程では、当該羽根車を積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。この構成によれば、積層造形で形成する場合において、主翼１３と主翼１３との間の距離が広がっても、中間翼１４を隣り合う当該主翼１３の間に設けるようにすることで、当該羽根車の積層造形中の変形を抑えることができるので、形成不良を抑制することができる。 For example, in the design change process, the design of the impeller is changed so as to add the intermediate blade necessary for additive manufacturing of the impeller. According to this configuration, in the case of forming by additive manufacturing, even if the distance between the main wings 13 increases, the intermediate wings 14 are provided between the adjacent main wings 13 so that the blades are Since deformation during the additive manufacturing of the vehicle can be suppressed, formation defects can be suppressed.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法において、前記羽根車の情報は、当該羽根車の素材の情報と、隣り合う主翼１３が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う主翼１３の間の距離とを含み、設計変更工程において、当該隣り合う前記主翼の間に前記中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。 Further, in the method for designing an impeller according to the seventh embodiment, the information on the impeller is obtained between the information on the material of the impeller and the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed. In the design change step, the design of the impeller is changed so as to add the intermediate blade between the adjacent main blades.
　この構成によれば、主翼１３と中間翼の間の距離を、隣り合う主翼１３が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う主翼１３の間の距離と羽根車の素材に応じて設定することができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 According to this configuration, the distance between the main blades 13 and the intermediate blades can be set according to the distance between the adjacent main blades 13 on the laminated surface on which the adjacent main blades 13 are formed and the material of the impeller. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法では、前記設計変更工程において、当該羽根車の素材によって異なる所定の許容距離よりも複数の主翼間の積層面における距離が短くなるように中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する。この構成によれば、主翼１３と中間翼１４の間の距離を、羽根車の素材に応じた所定の許容距離よりも短くすることができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 Further, in the impeller designing method according to the seventh embodiment, in the design changing step, an intermediate distance is set so that the distance in the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades is shorter than a predetermined allowable distance that varies depending on the material of the impeller. Modify the impeller design to add additional blades. According to this configuration, the distance between the main blade 13 and the intermediate blade 14 can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller, so that the deformation of the impeller during additive manufacturing is suppressed. You can
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法では、一例として前記羽根車はクローズドインペラであって、前記主翼間の積層面は、前記主翼よりも後に形成される前記羽根車の主板または側板である。この構成によれば、羽根車の上に形成される主板または側板に表面において、主翼１３と中間翼１４の間の距離を、羽根車の素材に応じた所定の許容距離よりも短くすることができるので、積層造形中における羽根車の変形を抑制することができる。 In the impeller designing method according to the seventh embodiment, as an example, the impeller is a closed impeller, and the laminated surface between the main blades is a main plate of the impeller formed after the main blades or It is a side plate. According to this configuration, on the surface of the main plate or the side plate formed on the impeller, the distance between the main wing 13 and the intermediate wing 14 can be made shorter than a predetermined allowable distance according to the material of the impeller. Therefore, the deformation of the impeller during the additive manufacturing can be suppressed.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法では、前記設計変更工程の後に、前記中間翼が設けられた羽根車を備える前記ポンプを流体解析する工程を更に有する。この構成により、設計変更により中間翼が設けられた羽根車を流体解析することにより、当該中間翼が設けられた羽根車が客先要求を満たすか否か確認することができる。 Further, the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment further includes a step of performing a fluid analysis on the pump including the impeller provided with the intermediate blade, after the design change step. With this configuration, it is possible to confirm whether or not the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request by performing a fluid analysis on the impeller provided with the intermediate blade due to the design change.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法では、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含する場合、積層造形が実行されるように積層造形機を制御する工程を有する。この構成により、設計変更により中間翼が設けられた羽根車が客先要求を満たす場合に、当該設計にて羽根車を製造することができる。 In addition, in the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment, when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis includes an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement, the additive manufacturing machine is configured to perform additive manufacturing. It has a controlling step. With this configuration, when the impeller provided with the intermediate blade meets the customer's request due to the design change, the impeller can be manufactured with the design.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法では、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合、前記羽根車の素材の情報、前記羽根車の設計形状のうち、少なくとも一つを変更し、当該変更後に再度、流体解析する工程（図３２のステップＳ１６０でＮＯの後のステップＳ１８０、ステップＳ１５０に対応）を更に有する。この構成により、当該変更後の羽根車を流体解析することにより、積層造形にて製造する前に当該変更後の羽根車が客先要求を満たすか否か確認することができる。 In addition, in the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment, when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement, information about the material of the impeller and the impeller It further includes a step of changing at least one of the designed shapes and performing a fluid analysis again after the change (corresponding to steps S180 and S150 after NO in step S160 of FIG. 32). With this configuration, by performing a fluid analysis of the changed impeller, it is possible to confirm whether or not the changed impeller satisfies the customer's request before manufacturing by additive manufacturing.
　また、第７の実施形態に係る羽根車の設計方法は、複数のポンプ機種群から客先要求に応じてポンプ機種を選定する工程（図３２のステップＳ１２０に対応）と、前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合に、前記選定したポンプ機種を再選定する工程（図３２のステップＳ１７０でＹＥＳの後のステップＳ１２０に対応）と、を更に有する。この構成により、ポンプ機種を再選定することによって、客先要求を満たすようにすることができる。 Further, the impeller design method according to the seventh embodiment includes a step of selecting a pump model from a plurality of pump model groups according to a customer's request (corresponding to step S120 in FIG. 32) and the result of the fluid analysis. If the selection range according to (1) does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer request, the step of reselecting the selected pump model (corresponding to step S120 after YES in step S170 of FIG. 32) is further included. With this configuration, it is possible to satisfy the customer's request by reselecting the pump model.
　なお、第７の実施形態において、羽根車を構成する材料は、金属に限らず、合成樹脂、カーボン、または複合材などであってもよく、その場合、合成樹脂の粉末、カーボンの粉末、または複合材の粉末を用いて積層造形してもよい。また、各実施形態において、粉末を用いて積層造形したが、これに限らず、ワイヤーを積層するような積層造形であってもよい。 In the seventh embodiment, the material forming the impeller is not limited to metal, but may be synthetic resin, carbon, or a composite material. In that case, synthetic resin powder, carbon powder, or Additive molding may be performed using the powder of the composite material. Further, in each of the embodiments, the additive manufacturing is performed by using the powder, but the present invention is not limited to this, and an additive manufacturing in which wires are laminated may be used.
　なお、上述した実施形態で説明した羽根車の設計システムＳ１の少なくとも一部は、ハードウェアで構成してもよいし、ソフトウェアで構成してもよい。ハードウェアで構成する場合には、羽根車の設計システムＳ１の少なくとも一部の機能を実現するプログラムをフレキシブルディスクやＣＤ－ＲＯＭ等の記録媒体に収納し、コンピュータに読み込ませて実行させてもよい。記録媒体は、磁気ディスクや光ディスク等の着脱可能なものに限定されず、ハードディスク装置やメモリなどの固定型の記録媒体でもよい。 Note that at least a part of the impeller design system S1 described in the above embodiment may be configured by hardware or software. In the case of hardware, a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the impeller design system S1 may be stored in a recording medium such as a flexible disk or a CD-ROM and read by a computer to be executed. .. The recording medium is not limited to a removable medium such as a magnetic disk or an optical disk, but may be a fixed recording medium such as a hard disk device or a memory.
　また、羽根車の設計システムＳ１の少なくとも一部の機能を実現するプログラムを、インターネット等の通信回線（無線通信も含む）を介して頒布してもよい。さらに、同プログラムを暗号化したり、変調をかけたり、圧縮した状態で、インターネット等の有線回線や無線回線を介して、あるいは記録媒体に収納して頒布してもよい。 Alternatively, a program that realizes at least a part of the functions of the impeller design system S1 may be distributed via a communication line (including wireless communication) such as the Internet. Further, the program may be distributed in the state of being encrypted, modulated, or compressed, via a wired line or wireless line such as the Internet or stored in a recording medium.
　さらに、一つまたは複数の情報処理装置によって羽根車の設計システムＳ１を機能させてもよい。複数の情報処理装置を用いる場合、情報処理装置のうちの１つをコンピュータとし、当該コンピュータが所定のプログラムを実行することにより羽根車の設計システムＳ１の少なくとも１つの手段として機能が実現されてもよい。 Further, the impeller design system S1 may be operated by one or more information processing devices. When using a plurality of information processing devices, one of the information processing devices may be a computer, and the computer may execute a predetermined program to realize a function as at least one means of the impeller design system S1. Good.
　また、方法の発明においては、全ての工程（ステップ）をコンピュータによって自動制御で実現するようにしてもよい。また、各工程をコンピュータに実施させながら、工程間の進行制御を人の手によって実施するようにしてもよい。また、さらには、全工程のうちの少なくとも一部を人の手によって実施するようにしてもよい。 Also, in the method invention, all steps may be automatically controlled by a computer. Further, the progress control between the steps may be performed manually by a human while causing the computer to execute each step. Furthermore, at least a part of all the steps may be carried out manually.
　上記の問題に加えて、以下の問題がある。一般的な鋳物の羽根車は、標準の鋳型を用いて製作された後にポンプ性能を微調整するため羽根径を後加工にて小さくする場合がある。これにより、ひとつの鋳型で製作できる羽根車の機種が増え、鋳型の作成費や管理費等の製造コストを抑えることができる。特許文献１の羽根車は、翼入口から翼の所定の位置まではハブ側に湾曲し、翼の所定の位置から翼出口まではハブとは反対側に湾曲している。且つ、隣り合う翼の間の距離が前記翼入口から前記翼の中央付近の位置まで徐々に増加し、前記翼の中央付近の位置から前記翼出口に向かって狭くなっている。このように湾曲した形状の羽根車は、羽根径を小さくするといった後加工による性能調整が困難であるという問題がある。特に、要求される性能が客先毎で異なる大型のポンプでは、当該性能毎に鋳型を作成することになり製造コストが上がる。各実施形態では、これらの問題も解決した羽根車の製造方法について説明する。 In addition to the above problems, there are the following problems. A general cast impeller may be manufactured by using a standard mold, and then the impeller diameter may be reduced by post-processing in order to finely adjust the pump performance. As a result, the number of types of impellers that can be manufactured with one mold is increased, and manufacturing costs such as mold preparation costs and management costs can be suppressed. The impeller of Patent Document 1 is curved to the hub side from the blade inlet to a predetermined position of the blade, and is curved to the opposite side of the hub from the predetermined position of the blade to the blade outlet. Further, the distance between adjacent blades gradually increases from the blade inlet to a position near the center of the blade, and becomes narrower from the position near the center of the blade toward the blade outlet. The curved impeller has a problem that it is difficult to adjust the performance by post-processing such as reducing the blade diameter. In particular, in the case of a large-sized pump that requires different performance for each customer, a mold is created for each performance, which increases the manufacturing cost. In each of the embodiments, a method for manufacturing an impeller that solves these problems will be described.
　各実施形態では、積層造形法により、各実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成する。ここで、積層造形法は、例えば、所望の羽根車の形状に合わせて配置した金属や樹脂等の材料の粉末を、レーザ又は電子ビーム等による熱エネルギーにより焼結させる。材料の配置及び焼結といった工程を順次繰り返すことで、焼結された材料が積層され、所望の形状の羽根車の原型となる構造体が形成される。 In each of the embodiments, a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to each of the embodiments is formed by the additive manufacturing method. Here, in the additive manufacturing method, for example, powder of a material such as metal or resin arranged according to a desired shape of the impeller is sintered by thermal energy such as laser or electron beam. By sequentially repeating the steps of arranging and sintering the materials, the sintered materials are laminated to form a structure that is a prototype of the impeller having a desired shape.
　＜第８の実施形態＞
　図３３は、第８の実施形態に係る羽根車を備えたポンプ装置の一例を示す縦断面図である。なお、図３３に示すポンプ装置は一例であり、第８の実施形態に係る羽根車はどのような種類のポンプ装置にも適用できるものである。 <Eighth Embodiment>
FIG. 33 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of a pump device including an impeller according to the eighth embodiment. The pump device shown in FIG. 33 is an example, and the impeller according to the eighth embodiment can be applied to any type of pump device.
　図３３に示すポンプ装置は、内部にモータ１０を収容したモータ部１２と、内部に第８の実施形態に係る羽根車１４を収容したポンプ部１６とを備えている。ここで、第８の実施形態に係る羽根車１４は一例として遠心式羽根車である。モータ部１２及びポンプ部１６の内部には主軸１８が挿通されており、主軸１８の下端には羽根車１４が取り付けられている。これにより、モータ部１２のモータ１０の動力がポンプ部１６の羽根車１４に伝達され、羽根車１４が主軸１８と一体に回転する。 The pump device shown in FIG. 33 includes a motor unit 12 that houses the motor 10 therein, and a pump unit 16 that houses the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment. Here, the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment is a centrifugal impeller as an example. A main shaft 18 is inserted through the inside of the motor unit 12 and the pump unit 16, and an impeller 14 is attached to the lower end of the main shaft 18. As a result, the power of the motor 10 of the motor unit 12 is transmitted to the impeller 14 of the pump unit 16, and the impeller 14 rotates integrally with the main shaft 18.
　ポンプ部１６は、吸込口２０及び吐出口２２を有するケーシング２４と、このケーシング２４内に収容された中間ケーシング２５とを備えており、ケーシング２４の内部に上述した羽根車１４がその吸込口である羽根車入口１が下方を向くように収容されている。中間ケーシング２５はその下端部に開口部２５ａを有しており、これにより中間ケーシング２５の内部がケーシング２４の内部に連通するようになっている。吸込口２０はケーシング２４の一側面に位置しており、この吸込口２０はケーシング２４の内部に連通している。また、吐出口２２はケーシング２４の吸込口２０の反対側の側面に位置しており、この吐出口２２は中間ケーシング２５の内部に連通している。中間ケーシング２５とモータ部１２との間には中間ケーシング２５の開口を覆うためのケーシングカバー２６が取り付けられており、このケーシングカバー２６の中央部には、ポンプ部１６の圧力水が漏れてモータ部１２内に浸入することを防止する封水装置としてのメカニカルシール２８が配置されている。 The pump unit 16 includes a casing 24 having a suction port 20 and a discharge port 22 and an intermediate casing 25 housed in the casing 24. The impeller 14 described above is provided inside the casing 24 as the suction port. An impeller inlet 1 is housed so as to face downward. The intermediate casing 25 has an opening 25a at its lower end so that the interior of the intermediate casing 25 communicates with the interior of the casing 24. The suction port 20 is located on one side surface of the casing 24, and the suction port 20 communicates with the inside of the casing 24. The discharge port 22 is located on the side surface of the casing 24 opposite to the suction port 20, and the discharge port 22 communicates with the inside of the intermediate casing 25. A casing cover 26 for covering the opening of the intermediate casing 25 is attached between the intermediate casing 25 and the motor unit 12, and the pressure water of the pump unit 16 leaks to the central portion of the casing cover 26 to prevent the motor from leaking. A mechanical seal 28 is disposed as a water sealing device that prevents the water from entering the portion 12.
　このような構成のポンプ装置においては、主軸１８の下端に取り付けられた羽根車１４にモータ１０の動力が伝達され、羽根車１４によってケーシング２４内の流体（液体）にエネルギーが与えられることで、当該流体を圧送する。したがって、モータ１０を駆動させて羽根車１４を回転させると、流体が吸込口２０からケーシング２４内に吸い込まれて昇圧され、吐出口２２から吐出される。 In the pump device having such a configuration, the power of the motor 10 is transmitted to the impeller 14 attached to the lower end of the main shaft 18, and the impeller 14 imparts energy to the fluid (liquid) in the casing 24. The fluid is pumped. Therefore, when the motor 10 is driven to rotate the impeller 14, the fluid is sucked from the suction port 20 into the casing 24 to be pressurized and discharged from the discharge port 22.
　図３４Ａは、第８の実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体の子午面断面図の一例である。子午面断面は、羽根車１４の回転軸の軸線を含む平面である。図３４Ｂは、図３４Ａの領域Ｒ１の拡大図である。図３５は、図３４Ａに示す羽根車の断面Ｒ２における矢視断面図である。図３４Ａは、ベースプレート３３の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成された構造体３０の一例である。図３４Ａに示すように、構造体３０は、羽根車１４と、羽根車１４の吐出し口である羽根車出口２に連結されている補強部材６と、ベースプレート３３の上に設けられ且つ補強部材６を支持する第１の支持部材３１と、ベースプレート３３の上に設けられ且つ羽根車１４を支持する第２の支持部材３２と、を備える。 FIG. 34A is an example of a meridional sectional view of a structure serving as a prototype of the impeller according to the eighth embodiment. The meridional section is a plane including the axis of the rotation axis of the impeller 14. FIG. 34B is an enlarged view of the region R1 of FIG. 34A. FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow R2 of the impeller shown in FIG. 34A. FIG. 34A is an example of the structure 30 formed on the base plate 33 by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder. As shown in FIG. 34A, the structure 30 is provided on the impeller 14, the reinforcing member 6 that is connected to the impeller outlet 2 that is the discharge port of the impeller 14, and the reinforcing member that is provided on the base plate 33. A first support member 31 that supports 6 and a second support member 32 that is provided on the base plate 33 and supports the impeller 14 are provided.
　この構成によれば、補強部材６を第１の支持部材３１が支持することにより、積層造形中の補強部材６の形状が安定するので、補強部材６が連結されたシュラウド及び当該ハブの羽根車出口側の形状が安定する。 According to this configuration, since the first support member 31 supports the reinforcing member 6, the shape of the reinforcing member 6 during the additive manufacturing is stabilized, and thus the shroud to which the reinforcing member 6 is connected and the impeller of the hub. The shape on the outlet side is stable.
　図３４Ａに示すように、羽根車１４は、複数の翼３と、側板を形成するシュラウド４と、主板を形成するハブ５とを備える。ハブ５は、翼３を主軸に固定する部分であるインペラハブ７と主板を形成する。なお、羽根車１４を形成する側壁のうち、翼３に支えられる側が側板であって、羽根車１４を形成する側壁のうち、インペラの羽根を主軸に固定する部分であるインペラハブ７に連なる側を主板とする。羽根車１４は、側板のあるクローズドインペラである。ここでシュラウド４及びハブ５は、羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されている。翼３は、羽根車１４の軸方向においてシュラウド４とハブ５との間に配置され、さらに、中央側の羽根車入口１と外周側の羽根車出口２の間に配置されている。これらの翼３は、羽根車１４の中心部周りに周方向に等間隔に配置され、外側に向かって螺旋状に延びている。図３４Ａのように、子午面断面において、流路を構成するシュラウド４側の曲線が、翼入口から前記翼の所定の位置（例えば、図３４ＡのＸの位置）まではハブ５側に湾曲し、前記翼の所定の位置（例えば、図３４ＡのＸの位置）から翼出口までは前記ハブ５とは反対側に湾曲している。また図３４Ａに示すように、羽根車１４のハブ５または／およびシュラウド４は、子午面断面において、所定の位置から外周に向かって、水平面から傾斜している。更に、ハブ５または／およびシュラウド４は、所定の位置Ｘよりも外周側が水平面から傾斜し、且つ、内周側から外周側に向かって肉薄になっている。具体的には、図３４Ａに示すように、シュラウド４の所定の位置Ｘの側板の厚さをｄ１０とし、位置Ｘよりも外周側の外端の厚さをｄ１１とすると、厚さｄ１１よりも厚さｄ１０は厚い。ハブ５の所定の位置Ｘの側板の厚さをｄ２０とし、位置Ｘよりも外周側の外端の厚さをｄ２１とすると、厚さｄ２１よりも厚さｄ２０は厚い。 As shown in FIG. 34A, the impeller 14 includes a plurality of blades 3, a shroud 4 that forms a side plate, and a hub 5 that forms a main plate. The hub 5 forms a main plate together with the impeller hub 7 that is a portion that fixes the blade 3 to the main shaft. Of the side walls forming the impeller 14, the side supported by the blade 3 is a side plate, and the side wall forming the impeller 14 is connected to the impeller hub 7 that is a part that fixes the impeller blades to the main shaft. The main plate. The impeller 14 is a closed impeller having a side plate. Here, the shroud 4 and the hub 5 are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller. The blade 3 is arranged between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 in the axial direction of the impeller 14, and is further arranged between the impeller inlet 1 on the central side and the impeller outlet 2 on the outer peripheral side. These blades 3 are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the central portion of the impeller 14 and extend spirally toward the outside. As shown in FIG. 34A, in the meridional section, the curve on the shroud 4 side that forms the flow path curves toward the hub 5 side from the blade inlet to a predetermined position of the blade (for example, the position X in FIG. 34A). , From the predetermined position of the blade (for example, the position of X in FIG. 34A) to the blade outlet, it is curved on the side opposite to the hub 5. Further, as shown in FIG. 34A, the hub 5 or/and the shroud 4 of the impeller 14 are inclined from the horizontal plane from the predetermined position toward the outer periphery in the meridional plane cross section. Further, the hub 5 and/or the shroud 4 is inclined from the horizontal plane on the outer peripheral side with respect to the predetermined position X, and is thinned from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 34A, if the thickness of the side plate at the predetermined position X of the shroud 4 is d10 and the thickness of the outer end on the outer peripheral side of the position X is d11, the thickness is smaller than the thickness d11. The thickness d10 is thick. When the thickness of the side plate of the hub 5 at the predetermined position X is d20 and the thickness of the outer end on the outer peripheral side of the position X is d21, the thickness d20 is thicker than the thickness d21.
　図３４Ａに示すように、補強部材６は、シュラウド４及び当該ハブ５の羽根車出口２側に連結されている。また第２の支持部材３２は一例として、ハブ５で最初に積層されるインペラハブ７を支持する。この構成によれば、ベースプレート３３から構造体３０を切り離す際に、第２の支持部材３２からベースプレート３３を切り離すか、第２の支持部材３２を切断すればよいので、羽根車１４を傷つけずにベースプレート３３から構造体３０を切り離すことができる。 As shown in FIG. 34A, the reinforcing member 6 is connected to the impeller outlet 2 side of the shroud 4 and the hub 5. The second support member 32 also supports, for example, the impeller hub 7 that is first stacked on the hub 5. According to this configuration, when the structure 30 is separated from the base plate 33, the base plate 33 may be separated from the second support member 32 or the second support member 32 may be cut, so that the impeller 14 is not damaged. The structure 30 can be separated from the base plate 33.
　なお、本実施形態では、積層造形する際に、造形する順番をハブ５、シュラウド４の順にてハブ５より上にシュラウド４を造形したが、これに限ったものではなく、造形する順番を逆にしてシュラウド４より上にハブ５を造形してもよい。この場合、第２の支持部材３２は、シュラウド４を支持してもよい。この構成によれば、ベースプレート３３から構造体３０を切り離す際に、第２の支持部材３２からベースプレート３３を切り離すか、第２の支持部材３２を切断すればよいので、羽根車１４を傷つけずにベースプレート３３から構造体３０を切り離すことができる。 In addition, in the present embodiment, the shroud 4 is molded above the hub 5 in the order of the hub 5 and the shroud 4 when performing the layered molding, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the molding order is reversed. The hub 5 may be formed above the shroud 4. In this case, the second support member 32 may support the shroud 4. According to this configuration, when the structure 30 is separated from the base plate 33, the base plate 33 may be separated from the second support member 32 or the second support member 32 may be cut, so that the impeller 14 is not damaged. The structure 30 can be separated from the base plate 33.
　隣り合う翼３の間には、羽根車の回転に伴い羽根車入口１から羽根車出口２へ流体を送る複数の流路Ｐが形成されている。すなわち、隣り合う翼３とシュラウド４とハブ５とによって囲まれる空間が流路Ｐとなっている。このように、構造体３０において、隣り合う翼３、シュラウド４、及びハブ５によって流路Ｐが形成されている。図３４Ａに示すように、補強部材６は、この流路Ｐを羽根車出口２で閉塞するように構成されている。このように、羽根車１４の羽根車出口側（外周部）に連結して造形される補強部材６は、羽根車１４の先端部（外周部）と形状が異なる。当該補強部材６により、シュラウド４及びハブ５の羽根車出口２の末端部が支持されて積層造形されるため、シュラウド４及びハブ５の羽根車出口２の末端部が変形することを防止できる。また、構造体３０を積層造形した後、機械加工にて羽根車１４の外周側に余分に造形した補強部材６を除去することで羽根車１４を形成できる。構造体３０は、補強部材６を羽根車１４の外周側に余分に造形したため、支持部材が形成不良となっても流路Ｐ内に積層材が混入されることなく造形することを可能とし、翼３、シュラウド４、及びハブ５によって形成された流路Ｐ内へ混入した支持部材６を除去する、という難解な工程を省略することができる。 A plurality of flow passages P for sending fluid from the impeller inlet 1 to the impeller outlet 2 with the rotation of the impeller are formed between the adjacent blades 3. That is, the space surrounded by the adjacent blade 3, shroud 4, and hub 5 is the flow path P. As described above, in the structure 30, the flow passage P is formed by the adjacent blades 3, the shroud 4, and the hub 5. As shown in FIG. 34A, the reinforcing member 6 is configured to close the flow path P at the impeller outlet 2. In this way, the reinforcing member 6 that is formed by being connected to the impeller exit side (outer peripheral portion) of the impeller 14 has a different shape from the tip end portion (outer peripheral portion) of the impeller 14. Since the end portions of the impeller outlet 2 of the shroud 4 and the hub 5 are supported and laminated by the reinforcing member 6, it is possible to prevent the end portions of the impeller outlet 2 of the shroud 4 and the hub 5 from being deformed. Further, the impeller 14 can be formed by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member 6 on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 14 by machining after the structure 30 is laminated and modeled. Since the reinforcing member 6 is excessively formed on the outer peripheral side of the impeller 14 in the structure 30, even if the support member is defectively formed, it is possible to form the laminated member without mixing the laminated material in the flow path P. It is possible to omit the difficult step of removing the support member 6 mixed in the flow path P formed by the blade 3, the shroud 4, and the hub 5.
　例えば補強部材６は、シュラウド４及びハブ５の羽根車出口２の末端部の傾斜角度とは、異なる傾斜角度でシュラウド４及びハブ５に連結されている。具体的には、図３４Ｂに示すように、補強部材６とシュラウド４、ハブ５の外表面は所定の角度θ１、θ２にて交わる（θ１、θ２は１８０°以外）。この構成により、構造体３０は、シュラウド４及びハブ５の羽根車出口２の末端部と、補強部材６との境界が明らかになるので、機械加工（例えば、旋盤による切削加工）によって補強部材６を除去することを容易化することができる。 For example, the reinforcing member 6 is connected to the shroud 4 and the hub 5 at an inclination angle different from the inclination angle of the end portion of the impeller outlet 2 of the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 34B, the reinforcing member 6 and the outer surfaces of the shroud 4 and the hub 5 intersect at predetermined angles θ1 and θ2 (θ1 and θ2 are other than 180°). With this structure, the boundary between the end portion of the impeller outlet 2 of the shroud 4 and the hub 5 and the reinforcing member 6 becomes clear in the structure 30, so that the reinforcing member 6 is machined (for example, cut by a lathe). Can be easily removed.
　ここで、第８の実施形態における羽根車１４の形状について説明する。なお、図３４Ａ、２Ｂ及び図３５では１つの流路Ｐのみを示す。第８の実施形態における羽根車１４は、図３５に示すように、羽根車１４の軸方向から見てハブ５側とシュラウド４側の流線が一致しており、２次元羽根車となっている。すなわち、翼３はハブ５からシュラウド４までハブ５の表面に対して垂直に延びている。但し、これに依らず、羽根車１４は、翼３がハブ５からシュラウド４までシュラウド４又は/およびハブ５の表面に対して所定の角度（翼角）によって延びていてもよい。 Here, the shape of the impeller 14 in the eighth embodiment will be described. Note that only one flow path P is shown in FIGS. 34A, 2B, and 35. As shown in FIG. 35, the impeller 14 in the eighth embodiment is a two-dimensional impeller in which the streamlines on the hub 5 side and the shroud 4 side are aligned when viewed from the axial direction of the impeller 14. There is. That is, the wings 3 extend perpendicularly to the surface of the hub 5 from the hub 5 to the shroud 4. However, regardless of this, in the impeller 14, the blade 3 may extend from the hub 5 to the shroud 4 at a predetermined angle (blade angle) with respect to the surface of the shroud 4 and/or the hub 5.
　図３４Ａに示す羽根車の断面において、流路Ｐを構成するシュラウド４側の曲線Ｌ１は、羽根車の翼入口Ａから子午面における翼３の中央近傍の位置Ｃ（以下、中央近傍位置Ｃという）までの子午面長さＭ１の範囲においてはハブ５側に湾曲しており、翼入口Ａから中央近傍位置Ｃにかけて流路Ｐが広くなっている。一方、中央近傍位置Ｃから翼出口Ｂまでの子午面長さＭ２の範囲においては、曲線Ｌ１はハブ５とは反対側に湾曲しており、中央近傍位置Ｃの下流側の領域で流路Ｐが広がり、さらに翼出口Ｂ近傍の流路Ｐが急に狭くなっている。 In the cross section of the impeller shown in FIG. 34A, a curve L1 on the shroud 4 side that constitutes the flow path P is located at a position C near the center of the blade 3 on the meridian plane from the blade inlet A of the impeller (hereinafter, referred to as a position C near the center). In the range of the meridional length M1 up to (1), the flow path P is widened from the blade inlet A to the central position C from the blade inlet A. On the other hand, in the range of the meridional length M2 from the position C near the center to the blade outlet B, the curve L1 is curved on the side opposite to the hub 5, and the flow path P is formed in the region on the downstream side of the position C near the center. And the flow path P near the blade outlet B is suddenly narrowed.
　このように構成することで、翼入口Ａから中央近傍位置Ｃにかけて流路Ｐを広げることができるので、流路Ｐを流れる流体の子午面速度を大きく減速させることができ、従来の羽根車に比べて流路Ｐ内の流体の相対速度を小さくすることができる。また、翼出口Ｂ近傍の流路Ｐを狭くすることにより、羽根車１４から吐出される流体の流量を小さくすることができ、所望の流量を得ることができる。 With this configuration, the flow passage P can be widened from the blade inlet A to the central position C, so that the meridional velocity of the fluid flowing through the flow passage P can be greatly reduced, and the conventional impeller can be used. In comparison, the relative velocity of the fluid in the flow path P can be reduced. Further, by narrowing the flow path P near the blade outlet B, the flow rate of the fluid discharged from the impeller 14 can be reduced, and a desired flow rate can be obtained.
　積層造形は、ベースプレート３３から鉛直方向にのみ積層された面が最も安定して造形できる。そのため、第１の支持部材３１は、補強部材６が羽根車１４の一周に渡り、且つ、ベースプレート３３から鉛直方向のみに積層されるとよい。補強部材６は、鉛直方向にのみ積層されることで安定して造形されるため、造形不良となった補強部材６が流路Ｐ内へ混入するのを防止できる。 In additive manufacturing, the surface laminated only in the vertical direction from the base plate 33 allows the most stable modeling. Therefore, in the first support member 31, the reinforcing member 6 may be laminated over the circumference of the impeller 14 and stacked only in the vertical direction from the base plate 33. Since the reinforcing member 6 is stably formed by being laminated only in the vertical direction, it is possible to prevent the defective reinforcing member 6 from mixing into the flow path P.
　また、本実施形態の羽根車１４は、軸線を鉛直方向に設置して積層造形するのが好ましい。なぜならば、ハブ５の外表面は、所定の位置Ｘよりも外周側が水平面から傾斜して肉薄になっているため、ハブ５の外表面が水平面となる羽根車に比べて、位置Ｘよりも外周側の層で形成される面が小さくなるため造形後の形状が安定する。また、シュラウド４は湾曲しているため、補強部材６に連結する外周面から先に積層されるため造形が安定する。軸線を鉛直方向に設置して積層造形されることで、軸線が鉛直から傾斜して造形されるのに比して一層で形成される面が大きくなり、造形時間が短縮できる。 Further, it is preferable that the impeller 14 of the present embodiment is provided with an axis line in the vertical direction for additive manufacturing. This is because the outer surface of the hub 5 is thinner than the impeller in which the outer surface of the hub 5 is horizontal because the outer peripheral side of the predetermined position X is inclined from the horizontal plane and thinned. Since the surface formed by the layer on the side is small, the shape after modeling is stable. Further, since the shroud 4 is curved, the outer peripheral surface connected to the reinforcing member 6 is stacked first, so that the shaping is stable. By installing the axis line in the vertical direction and performing layered molding, the surface formed by one layer becomes larger and molding time can be shortened as compared with the case where the axis line is inclined from the vertical axis.
　また、補強部材６は機械加工（例えば、旋盤による切削加工）によって除去されるため、羽根車１４と同じ金属密度にて造形されるとよい。第１の支持部材３１並びに第２の支持部材３２は、メッシュ構造等の羽根車１４よりも低い金属密度にて造形されるとよい。これにより、構造体３０の材料を少なくすることができ、安価に羽根車１４を製造することができる。 Also, since the reinforcing member 6 is removed by machining (for example, cutting by a lathe), it is preferable that the reinforcing member 6 is formed with the same metal density as the impeller 14. The first support member 31 and the second support member 32 may be formed with a metal density lower than that of the impeller 14 having a mesh structure or the like. Thereby, the material of the structure 30 can be reduced, and the impeller 14 can be manufactured at low cost.
　図３６は、第８の実施形態の変形例に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。図３６に示すように、補強部材６ｂは、シュラウド４を外周側に延長するように一端が当該シュラウド４に連結された第１の部材６１と、ハブ５を外周側に延長するように一端が当該ハブに連結された第２の部材６２と、を有する。流路Ｐを羽根車出口２で閉塞するように、第１の部材６１の他端と第２の部材６２の他端が連結されている。この構成により翼３に補強部材６ｂが接しないため、造形時に補強部材６ｂが重力方向に変形してシュラウド４とハブ５の間に補強部材６ｂが入ってしまうことを防止できる。よって、シュラウド４とハブ５の間や翼３から補強部材６ｂを除去する作業が省略することもできる。 FIG. 36 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure according to the modified example of the eighth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 36, the reinforcing member 6b has a first member 61 having one end connected to the shroud 4 so as to extend the shroud 4 to the outer peripheral side, and one end so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side. A second member 62 connected to the hub. The other end of the first member 61 and the other end of the second member 62 are connected so that the flow path P is closed by the impeller outlet 2. With this configuration, since the reinforcing member 6b does not contact the blade 3, it is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 6b from being deformed in the direction of gravity during modeling and entering the reinforcing member 6b between the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, the work of removing the reinforcing member 6b between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 and from the blade 3 can be omitted.
　図３７は、第８の実施形態に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。図３７に示すように、本変形例に係る羽根車は、第８の実施形態に係る羽根車１４に比べて、シュラウド４ｂの形状が異なっているため、流路Ｐ２の形状が異なるため、翼３ｂの形状も異なっている。すなわち、構造体３０ｃにおいて、隣り合う翼３ｂ、シュラウド４ｂ、及びハブ５によって流路Ｐ２が形成されており、補強部材６ｃは、流路Ｐ２を羽根車出口２で閉塞するように構成されている。また、第１の支持部材３１ｃは、補強部材６ｃに加えて、ハブ５の肉薄部である所定の位置（例えば図３７のＸの位置）よりも外周側を支持する。なお、羽根径が大きい場合等、第１の支持部材３１ｃは、ハブ５の肉薄部である所定の位置（例えば図３７のＸの位置）よりも外周側に加えて、内周側の少なくとも一部を支持するとよい。 FIG. 37 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of the structure according to the eighth embodiment. As shown in FIG. 37, in the impeller according to the present modification, the shape of the shroud 4b is different from that of the impeller 14 according to the eighth embodiment. The shape of 3b is also different. That is, in the structure 30c, the flow passage P2 is formed by the adjacent blades 3b, the shroud 4b, and the hub 5, and the reinforcing member 6c is configured to close the flow passage P2 at the impeller outlet 2. .. In addition to the reinforcing member 6c, the first support member 31c supports the outer peripheral side of a predetermined position (for example, the position X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5. When the blade diameter is large, the first support member 31c has at least one of the inner peripheral side in addition to the outer peripheral side with respect to a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5. It is good to support the department.
　補強部材６ｃは、シュラウド４ｂを外周側に延長するように当該シュラウド４ｂに連結された第１の部材６３と、ハブ５を外周側に延長するように当該ハブ５に連結された第２の部材６４と、第１の部材６３と第２の部材６４に連結されて流路Ｐ２を羽根車出口２で閉塞するように構成された第３の部材６５と、を有する。この構成により、上側に配置されており最も変形しやすいシュラウド４の外周側は、第１の部材６３が第３の部材６５によって支持された状態で積層されるため、形状が安定する。また、シュラウド４とハブ５の間や翼３に補強部材６ｃが接しないため、造形時に補強部材６ｃ（特に、上部に位置する第１の部材６３）が重力方向に変形してシュラウド４とハブ５の間に補強部材６ｂが入ってしまうことを防止できる。よって、シュラウド４とハブ５の間や翼３から補強部材６ｃを除去する作業が省略することができる。また、第１の支持部材３１がハブ５の肉薄部である所定の位置（例えば図３７のＸの位置）よりも外周側、第２の部材６４及び第３の部材６５を支持することで、ハブ５と第２の部材６４の内周端部６４ａが接続された状態で造形されるので、ハブ５並びに補強部材６ｃの造形が安定し所望する形状が造形できる。 The reinforcing member 6c includes a first member 63 connected to the shroud 4b so as to extend the shroud 4b to the outer peripheral side and a second member 63 connected to the hub 5 so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side. 64, and a third member 65 connected to the first member 63 and the second member 64 and configured to close the flow path P2 at the impeller outlet 2. With this configuration, the outer peripheral side of the shroud 4 which is arranged on the upper side and is most easily deformed is laminated with the first member 63 being supported by the third member 65, so that the shape is stable. Further, since the reinforcing member 6c does not contact the space between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 or the blade 3, the reinforcing member 6c (particularly, the first member 63 located on the upper side) is deformed in the direction of gravity during modeling, and thus the shroud 4 and the hub 3 It is possible to prevent the reinforcing member 6b from entering between the five. Therefore, the work of removing the reinforcing member 6c between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 and from the blade 3 can be omitted. In addition, the first support member 31 supports the second member 64 and the third member 65 on the outer peripheral side with respect to a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5, Since the hub 5 and the inner peripheral end portion 64a of the second member 64 are connected to each other, the hub 5 and the reinforcing member 6c are stably formed, and a desired shape can be formed.
　図３８は、第８の実施形態の別の変形例に係る構造体の一部分の断面図の一例である。本変形例に係る構造体３０ｄは、図３７に係る構造体３０ｃに比べて、補強部材６ｃが補強部材６ｄに変更されたものになっている。補強部材６ｄは、シュラウド４ｂを外周側に延長するように一端が当該シュラウド４ｂに連結された第１の部材６６と、ハブ５を外周側に延長するように一端が当該ハブ５に連結された第２の部材６７と、を有する。流路Ｐ２を羽根車出口２で閉塞するように、第１の部材６６の外周端６６ｂと第２の部材６７の外周端６７ｂが連結されている。この構成により、上側に配置されており最も変形しやすいシュラウド４の外周側は、まず、第２の部材６７に支えられるシュラウド４から最も離れた第１の部材６６の外周端６６ｂが積層され、その後、第１の部材６６が積層され、更に、シュラウド４の外周が積層される。このため、シュラウド４は、第１の部材６６の内周端部６６ａから連続して積層されるので、形状が安定する。また、シュラウド４とハブ５の間や翼３に補強部材６ｄが接しないため、翼３から補強部材６ｄを除去する作業が省略することができる。また、第１の支持部材３１がハブ５の肉薄部である所定の位置（例えば図３７のＸの位置）よりも外周側及び第２の部材６７を支持することで、ハブ５と第２の部材６７の内周端部６７ａが接続された状態で造形されるので、ハブ５の造形が安定し所望する形状が造形できる。 FIG. 38 is an example of a cross-sectional view of a part of a structure according to another modification of the eighth embodiment. The structure 30d according to the present modification is different from the structure 30c according to FIG. 37 in that the reinforcing member 6c is changed to the reinforcing member 6d. The reinforcing member 6d has a first member 66 whose one end is connected to the shroud 4b so as to extend the shroud 4b to the outer peripheral side, and has one end connected to the hub 5 so as to extend the hub 5 to the outer peripheral side. And a second member 67. The outer peripheral end 66b of the first member 66 and the outer peripheral end 67b of the second member 67 are connected so that the flow passage P2 is closed by the impeller outlet 2. With this configuration, on the outer peripheral side of the shroud 4 which is disposed on the upper side and is most easily deformed, first, the outer peripheral end 66b of the first member 66, which is the most distant from the shroud 4 supported by the second member 67, is laminated. After that, the first member 66 is laminated, and further, the outer circumference of the shroud 4 is laminated. Therefore, since the shroud 4 is continuously laminated from the inner peripheral end portion 66a of the first member 66, the shape is stable. Further, since the reinforcing member 6d is not in contact with the blade 3 between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 or the blade 3, the work of removing the reinforcing member 6d from the blade 3 can be omitted. In addition, the first support member 31 supports the second member 67 and the outer peripheral side of a predetermined position (for example, the position of X in FIG. 37) which is the thin portion of the hub 5, so that the hub 5 and the second member 67 are supported. Since the molding is performed with the inner peripheral end 67a of the member 67 connected, the molding of the hub 5 is stable and the desired shape can be molded.
　図３９は、各実施形態の羽根車の製造方法で用いられる羽根車の製造システムの概略構成図である。図３９に示すように、羽根車の製造システムＳは、情報処理装置４０と、情報処理装置４０に接続された表示装置５０とを備え、情報処理装置４０には積層造形機５１が接続される。情報処理装置４０は、ストレージ４１と、メモリ４２と、入力インタフェース４３と、出力インタフェース４４と、通信回路４５と、プロセッサ４６を備える。本実施形態では、羽根車の製造システムＳに積層造形機５１が接続される。一実施形態では、羽根車の製造システムＳは、情報処理装置４０並びに表示装置５０と積層造形機５１は同一のハードウエアにて構成されてもよい。具体的には、積層造形機５１の不図示のコントローラに情報処理装置４０並びに表示装置５０が備えられてもよい。ここでストレージ４１には、プロセッサ４６が読み出して実行するための本実施形態に係るプログラム及び各種のデータが格納されている。また、ストレージ４１には、設計データを識別する情報である設計データＩＤ、当該設計の仕様、当該設計の設計データファイルが関連付けられて記憶されている。メモリ４２は、データ及びプログラムを一時的に保持する。メモリ４２は、揮発性メモリであり、例えばＲＡＭ（Random Access Memory）である。 FIG. 39 is a schematic configuration diagram of an impeller manufacturing system used in the method for manufacturing an impeller of each embodiment. As shown in FIG. 39, the impeller manufacturing system S includes an information processing device 40 and a display device 50 connected to the information processing device 40, and an additive manufacturing machine 51 is connected to the information processing device 40. .. The information processing device 40 includes a storage 41, a memory 42, an input interface 43, an output interface 44, a communication circuit 45, and a processor 46. In the present embodiment, the additive manufacturing machine 51 is connected to the impeller manufacturing system S. In one embodiment, in the impeller manufacturing system S, the information processing device 40, the display device 50, and the additive manufacturing machine 51 may be configured by the same hardware. Specifically, the controller (not shown) of the additive manufacturing machine 51 may be provided with the information processing device 40 and the display device 50. Here, the storage 41 stores the program and various data according to the present embodiment to be read and executed by the processor 46. In the storage 41, a design data ID that is information for identifying design data, a specification of the design, and a design data file of the design are stored in association with each other. The memory 42 temporarily holds data and programs. The memory 42 is a volatile memory and is, for example, a RAM (Random Access Memory).
　入力インタフェース４３は、情報処理装置４０の使用者から情報が入力される。
　出力インタフェース４４は、外部の表示装置５０及び積層造形機５１に情報を出力する。
　通信回路４５は、ネットワークに接続されて、ネットワークを介して他のコンピュータと通信する。 Information is input to the input interface 43 from the user of the information processing apparatus 40.
The output interface 44 outputs information to the external display device 50 and the additive manufacturing machine 51.
The communication circuit 45 is connected to the network and communicates with other computers via the network.
　プロセッサ４６は、ストレージ４１からプログラムをメモリ４２にロードし、当該プログラムに含まれる一連の命令を実行する。 The processor 46 loads the program from the storage 41 into the memory 42 and executes a series of instructions included in the program.
　図４０は、情報処理装置のストレージに格納されているテーブルＴ１の一例である。図４０のテーブルＴ１に示すように、ストレージ４１には、設計データＩＤ、当該設計の仕様、当該設計の設計データファイル名の組がレコードとして蓄積されている。これにより、情報処理装置のプロセッサ４６は、要求仕様が入力された場合に、ストレージ４１を参照して、当該要求仕様を満たす仕様に対応する設計データの有無を判定し、設計データがある場合には、当該設計データを識別する設計データＩＤに対応付けられた設計データファイルを読み込むことにより設計データを取得することができる。 40 is an example of the table T1 stored in the storage of the information processing device. As shown in the table T1 of FIG. 40, the storage 41 stores a set of a design data ID, a design of the design, and a design data file name of the design as a record. Thus, when the required specifications are input, the processor 46 of the information processing apparatus refers to the storage 41 and determines whether or not there is design data corresponding to the specifications that satisfy the required specifications. Can read the design data by reading the design data file associated with the design data ID for identifying the design data.
　図４１を用いて各実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法について説明する。図４１は、各実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。 The manufacturing method of the impeller according to each embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 41. FIG. 41 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the method for manufacturing an impeller according to each embodiment.
　（ステップＳ１１）まず、羽根車の製造者は、羽根車に要求される仕様である要求仕様を情報処理装置４０の入力インタフェース４３を用いて入力する。これにより、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、要求仕様を取得する。 (Step S11) First, the impeller manufacturer inputs the required specifications, which are the specifications required for the impeller, using the input interface 43 of the information processing device 40. As a result, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 acquires the required specifications.
　（ステップＳ１２）情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、ストレージ４１を参照して、入力された要求仕様を満たす設計データが蓄積されているか否か判定する。 (Step S12) The processor 46 of the information processing device 40 refers to the storage 41 and determines whether or not design data satisfying the input required specifications is accumulated.
　（ステップＳ１３）ステップＳ１２で要求仕様を満たす設計データが蓄積されていた場合、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、要求仕様を満たす仕様に対応する蓄積された設計データをストレージ４１から読み込む。 (Step S13) If design data satisfying the required specifications is stored in step S12, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 reads the stored design data corresponding to the specifications satisfying the required specifications from the storage 41.
　（ステップＳ１４）ステップＳ１２で要求仕様を満たす設計データが蓄積されていない場合、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、三次元逆解析法によって羽根車の形状を設計する。 (Step S14) If the design data satisfying the required specifications is not stored in step S12, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 designs the shape of the impeller by the three-dimensional inverse analysis method.
　本実施形態に係る遠心式羽根車の形状は、三次元逆解法を用いることにより、設計的に再現することができる。三次元逆解法とは、翼面の負荷分布を規定して、その負荷分布を満たす翼面形状を数値計算により決定する設計手法である。この三次元逆解法の理論の詳細は、非特許文献１（Zangenh, M., 1991, “A Compressible Three-Dimensional Design Method　for Radial and Mixed Flow Turbomachinery Blades”, Int. J. Numerical Methods in　Fluids, Vol. 13, pp. 599-624）に記載されている。図４２Ａ乃至図４２Ｅは、本発明に係る遠心式羽根車の設計例を示す子午面断面図であり、図４２Ａから図４２Ｅまで比速度を次第に大きくしている。図４２Ａは比速度１２０の遠心式羽根車であり、図４２Ｂは比速度１４０、図４２Ｃは比速度２００、図４２Ｄは比速度２４０、図４２Ｅは比速度２８０の遠心式羽根車である。 The shape of the centrifugal impeller according to this embodiment can be reproduced by design by using the three-dimensional inverse solution method. The three-dimensional inverse solution method is a design method that defines the load distribution on the blade surface and determines the blade surface shape that satisfies the load distribution by numerical calculation. For details of the theory of this three-dimensional inverse solution method, see Non-Patent Document 1 (Zangenh, M., 1991, “A Compressible Three-Dimensional Design Method for Radial and Mixed Flow Turbomachineryblade”, Int. J. Numerical Methods in Fluids,Vol. . 13, pp. 599-624). 42A to 42E are meridional cross-sectional views showing a design example of the centrifugal impeller according to the present invention, in which the specific speed is gradually increased from FIG. 42A to FIG. 42E. 42A shows a centrifugal impeller with a specific speed of 120, FIG. 42B shows a specific speed of 140, FIG. 42C shows a specific speed of 200, FIG. 42D shows a specific speed of 240, and FIG. 42E shows a centrifugal impeller of specific speed of 280.
　（ステップＳ１６）次に、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、ステップＳ１３またはＳ１４にて決定した羽根車の形状に適した補強部材の形状を決定し、造形する各実施形態に係る羽根車の原型となる構造体の形状を決定する。例えば、プロセッサ４６は、羽根車の外周側の末端におけるシュラウド４とハブ５の間隔Ｈによって、補強部材の形状を図３４、図３６、図３７、図３８の何れかの形状の中から選択する。ステップＳ１３またはＳ１４にて決定した羽根車の形状が図４２Ａの場合、図４２Ａはシュラウドとハブの間隔Ｈが図４２Ｅよりも狭いため、図４２Ａは図３６に示す補強部材６ｂが適している。なぜならば、シュラウドとハブの間隔Ｈが狭いため、第１の部材６１の他端６１ｂと第２の部材６２の他端６２ｂとの連結部分がシュラウド４とハブ５の外周側から離れていることで、万が一補強部材が造形不良となってもシュラウド４とハブ５の間に補強部材が入るのを防止する。よって、プロセッサ４６は、羽根車の形状が図４２Ａの場合、補強部材６ｂを選択し、更に、羽根車１４の外径や回転軸の径などによって、ボス５を支持する第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２の形状を決定し、羽根車、補強部材６ｂ、第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２を合わせた形状を構造体３００とする。それに対して、ステップＳ１３またはＳ１４にて決定した羽根車の形状が図４２Ｅの場合、図４２Ｅは図３４Ａに示す補強部材６が適している。なぜならば、シュラウド４とハブ５の間隔Ｈが図４２Ａに比して広いためシュラウド４とハブ５の間に補強部材が入っても除去しやすい。そのため、補強部材６にてシュラウド４を支持し、シュラウド４の造形不良を防止する。よって、プロセッサ４６は、羽根車の形状が図４２Ｅの場合、補強部材６ｂを選択し、更に、羽根車１４の外径や回転軸の径などによって、ボス５を支持する第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２の形状を決定し、羽根車、補強部材６、第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２を合わせた形状を構造体３００とする。また、間隔Ｈが図４２Ａと図４２Ｅの中間である図４２Ｃは、図３７に示す補強部材６ｃが適している。よって、プロセッサ４６は、羽根車の形状が図４２Ｃの場合、補強部材６ｃを選択し、更に、羽根車１４の外径や回転軸の径などによって、ボス５を支持する第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２の形状を決定し、羽根車、補強部材６ｂ、第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２を合わせた形状を構造体３００とする。ステップＳ１３またはＳ１４にて決定した羽根車の形状がその他の羽根車の形状であっても同様に、最適な補強部材、第１の支持部材３１および第２の支持部材３２を合わせた形状を構造体３００とする。情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、出力インタフェース４４を介して積層造形機５１へ決定した構造体を造形するよう指令する。 (Step S16) Next, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 determines the shape of the reinforcing member suitable for the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14, and forms the prototype of the impeller according to each embodiment. Determines the shape of the structure. For example, the processor 46 selects the shape of the reinforcing member from any of the shapes shown in FIGS. 34, 36, 37, and 38 depending on the distance H between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 at the outer peripheral end of the impeller. .. When the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14 is FIG. 42A, the spacing H between the shroud and the hub is narrower in FIG. 42A than in FIG. 42E, and therefore the reinforcing member 6b shown in FIG. 36 is suitable for FIG. 42A. Because the distance H between the shroud and the hub is narrow, the connecting portion between the other end 61b of the first member 61 and the other end 62b of the second member 62 is separated from the outer peripheral side of the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, even if the reinforcing member should be improperly shaped, the reinforcing member is prevented from entering between the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, when the shape of the impeller is as shown in FIG. 42A, the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6b, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14 and the diameter of the rotating shaft, the first support member 31 that supports the boss 5. The shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6b, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is taken as the structure 300. On the other hand, when the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14 is FIG. 42E, the reinforcing member 6 shown in FIG. 34A is suitable for FIG. 42E. This is because the gap H between the shroud 4 and the hub 5 is wider than that in FIG. 42A, so that it is easy to remove the reinforcing member even if it enters between the shroud 4 and the hub 5. Therefore, the shroud 4 is supported by the reinforcing member 6 and the modeling failure of the shroud 4 is prevented. Therefore, in the case where the shape of the impeller is as shown in FIG. 42E, the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6b, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14 and the diameter of the rotating shaft, the first support member 31 that supports the boss 5. The shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is set as the structure 300. 42C in which the interval H is between FIG. 42A and FIG. 42E, the reinforcing member 6c shown in FIG. 37 is suitable. Therefore, when the shape of the impeller is as shown in FIG. 42C, the processor 46 selects the reinforcing member 6c, and further, depending on the outer diameter of the impeller 14, the diameter of the rotating shaft, and the like, the first supporting member 31 that supports the boss 5. The shape of the second support member 32 is determined, and the combined shape of the impeller, the reinforcing member 6b, the first support member 31, and the second support member 32 is set as the structure 300. Similarly, even if the shape of the impeller determined in step S13 or S14 is the shape of another impeller, the optimum reinforcing member, the first supporting member 31, and the second supporting member 32 are combined to form a structure. Body 300. The processor 46 of the information processing apparatus 40 commands the additive manufacturing machine 51 via the output interface 44 to form the determined structure.
　このように、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、造形する羽根車の形状に応じて、当該羽根車のシュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口側に連結される補強部材の形状を決定する補強部材決定部として機能する。またプロセッサ４６は、当該造形する羽根車の原型となる構造体３００の形状を決定する構造体決定部として機能する。更にプロセッサ４６は、形状が決定された構造体３００を造形するよう積層造形機５１へ指令する指令部として機能する。 As described above, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 determines the shape of the reinforcing member connected to the shroud of the impeller and the impeller outlet side of the hub according to the shape of the impeller to be formed. Function as. The processor 46 also functions as a structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller to be modeled. Further, the processor 46 functions as a command unit that commands the additive manufacturing machine 51 to model the structure 300 whose shape has been determined.
　（ステップＳ２０）次に、積層造形機５１は、ベースプレート３３の上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６より指令された構造体３００を形成する。図４３Ａ及び図４３Ｂは、形成された構造体の子午面断面図の一例である。具体的には、図４３Ａ及び図４３Ｂは、ステップＳ１６にて決定した構造体を、本ステップにて積層造形法により形成し、当該形成された構造体の子午面断面図である。図４３Ａは、図４２Ａの羽根車の原型となる構造体３００の一例を示し、図４３Ｂは、図４２Ｅの羽根車の原型となる構造体３００の一例を示す。但し、これに限らず、図４２Ａ～図４２Ｅの羽根車の構造体３００は、例えば、３０、３０ｂ、３０ｃまたは３０ｄのうちの何れかの形状と同等になるとよい。 (Step S20) Next, the additive manufacturing machine 51 forms the structure 300 instructed by the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 on the base plate 33 by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder. 43A and 43B are examples of meridional cross-sectional views of the formed structure. Specifically, FIGS. 43A and 43B are meridional cross-sectional views of the structure formed in this step by the additive manufacturing method, in which the structure determined in step S16 is formed. 43A shows an example of a structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller of FIG. 42A, and FIG. 43B shows an example of the structure 300 that is the prototype of the impeller of FIG. 42E. However, the structure 300 of the impeller shown in FIGS. 42A to 42E is not limited to this, and may have the same shape as any one of 30, 30b, 30c, and 30d, for example.
　（ステップＳ２２）次に、構造体３００は第１の支持部材３１、第２の支持部材３２及びベースプレート３３が除去される。具体的には、羽根車の製造者がワイヤーカットなどを用いて除去してもよいし、加工機械で自動加工されてもよい。 (Step S22) Next, in the structure 300, the first support member 31, the second support member 32, and the base plate 33 are removed. Specifically, the impeller manufacturer may remove the impeller by wire cutting or the like, or may be automatically machined by a machining machine.
　（ステップＳ２４）次に、構造体３００は、補強部材６、６ｂ、６ｃまたは６ｄが除去され、更に、構造体３００は表面が研磨される。具体的には、羽根車の製造者が旋盤などを用いて研削してもよいし、加工機械で自動加工されてもよい。 (Step S24) Next, the reinforcing member 6, 6b, 6c or 6d of the structure 300 is removed, and the surface of the structure 300 is polished. Specifically, the manufacturer of the impeller may grind using a lathe or the like, or may be automatically processed by a processing machine.
　ここで、ステップＳ２４にて制作された羽根車が図４２Ａの羽根車とすると、当該羽根車は、積層面に対して傾斜した面には積層段差が残り、積層面に平行な面にはレーザ又は電子ビーム等による塗り痕が残る。それに対して、切削加工面には工具痕（例えば筋目方向の傷）が残る。更に、本ステップにて、翼３、ハブ４およびシュラウド５が形成する流路面３ａ，４ａ，５ａは、ポンプ性能を確保するために研磨（流体研磨）されてもよい。よって、羽根車は、積層造形にて形成された積層面（外表面４ｂ，５ｂ）と、機械加工された切削加工面（ハブ４およびシュラウド５の羽根車出口側の外周縁４ｃ，５ｃ）との表面粗さが異なり、外表面４ｂ，５ｂの粗さが外周縁４ｃ，５ｃよりも粗い。一例として、外表面４ｂ，５ｂの表面粗さはＳａ（算術平均高さ）が２０μｍ～１００μｍであるのに対して、外周縁４ｃ，５ｃの表面粗さはＳａが５μｍ以下である。このように、ハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、外表面と羽根車出口側の外周縁の表面粗さが異なる。ハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、積層造形にて形成された外表面と切削加工にて形成された羽根車出口側の外周縁とを有する。そのため、当該外表面と当該外周縁とは表面粗さが異なり、外表面の粗さが外周縁よりも粗い。 Here, if the impeller manufactured in step S24 is the impeller of FIG. 42A, the impeller has a stacking step difference on a surface inclined with respect to the stacking surface and a laser on a surface parallel to the stacking surface. Or, a coating mark due to an electron beam or the like remains. On the other hand, tool marks (for example, scratches in the streak direction) remain on the cut surface. Further, in this step, the flow passage surfaces 3a, 4a, 5a formed by the blade 3, the hub 4 and the shroud 5 may be polished (fluid polishing) in order to ensure pump performance. Therefore, the impeller has a laminated surface ( outer surfaces 4b, 5b) formed by additive manufacturing and a machined cutting surface (outer peripheral edges 4c, 5c of the hub 4 and the shroud 5 on the impeller outlet side). Has a different surface roughness, and the outer surfaces 4b and 5b are rougher than the outer peripheral edges 4c and 5c. As an example, the surface roughness Sa (arithmetic mean height) of the outer surfaces 4b and 5b is 20 μm to 100 μm, whereas the surface roughness Sa of the outer peripheral edges 4c and 5c is 5 μm or less. As described above, the hub or/and the shroud have different surface roughnesses on the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge on the impeller outlet side. The hub or/and the shroud have an outer surface formed by additive manufacturing and an outer peripheral edge on the impeller exit side formed by cutting. Therefore, the surface roughness is different between the outer surface and the outer peripheral edge, and the outer surface is rougher than the outer peripheral edge.
　（ステップＳ２６）次に、今回の設計データがストレージ４１に記憶される。具体的には、羽根車の製造者は、今回の設計データをストレージ４１に追記するよう情報処理装置４０を操作してもよいし、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６によって自動的に記憶されてもよい。これにより、情報処理装置４０のプロセッサ４６は、今回の設計データをストレージ４１に追記する。なお、ステップＳ２０にて造形不良となった場合は、ステップＳ２２とステップＳ２４を省略し、ステップＳ２６にてエラー情報を記憶してもよい。 (Step S26) Next, the design data of this time is stored in the storage 41. Specifically, the manufacturer of the impeller may operate the information processing device 40 to additionally write the design data of this time into the storage 41, or may be automatically stored by the processor 46 of the information processing device 40. Good. As a result, the processor 46 of the information processing device 40 additionally writes the current design data in the storage 41. If the modeling failure occurs in step S20, steps S22 and S24 may be omitted and the error information may be stored in step S26.
　なお、ステップＳ２０にて、積層造形された構造体３００が、補強部材が流路に入り込む等の造形不良となった場合は、ステップＳ２２以降を省略して、Ｓ１６に戻ってもよい。 If, in step S20, the layered structure 300 has a modeling defect such as the reinforcing member entering the flow path, step S22 and the subsequent steps may be omitted and the process may return to step S16.
　以上、各実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、羽根車入口と羽根車出口との間に複数の翼を有する羽根車の製造方法であって、当該羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されたシュラウド４または４ｂ及びハブ５と、当該シュラウド４または４ｂとハブ５との間に配置された複数の翼３または３ｂと、当該シュラウド及び当該ハブの羽根車出口側に連結されている補強部材６、６ｂ、６ｃまたは６ｄと、を有する構造体３０、３０ｂ、３０ｃまたは３０ｄを、ベースプレートの上に金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、構造体３０、３０ｂ、３０ｃまたは３０ｄから補強部材６、６ｂ、６ｃまたは６ｄを除去する除去工程と、を有する。 As described above, the method for manufacturing an impeller according to each embodiment is a method for manufacturing an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet, and is provided with an interval in the axial direction of the impeller. The shroud 4 or 4b and the hub 5 arranged, the plurality of blades 3 or 3b arranged between the shroud 4 or 4b and the hub 5, and the impeller outlet side of the shroud or the hub are connected. A structure forming step of forming a structure 30, 30b, 30c or 30d having a reinforcing member 6, 6b, 6c or 6d on a base plate by a layered manufacturing method using a metal powder, and the structure 30, 30b. , 30c or 30d to remove the reinforcing member 6, 6b, 6c or 6d.
　この構成によれば、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、除去工程において、余分に造形した補強部材を除去することで、流路内に支持部材をいれることなく羽根車を造形することができ、流路内の支持部材除去という難解な工程を省略することができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder, the desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. it can. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. Further, in the removing step, by removing the extra shaped reinforcing member, the impeller can be formed without inserting the supporting member in the flow path, and the difficult step of removing the supporting member in the flow path is omitted. can do. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
　また、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成することで、大型のポンプにも採用することができる。特に、大型のポンプでは、客先の揚高点に合わせて性能をカスタマイズする必要がある。そのため、各実施形態に係る羽根車を大型のポンプで使用する場合、羽根車出口２を客先性能に合わせて都度設計する一品対応であるため、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成する方が好ましい。これにより、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。また、それぞれ別個の設計に従って、金属粉末を用いた積層造形法により形成するので、翼の形状を造形後に加工する必要がないという利点がある。 Also, by forming a structure that is the prototype of the impeller by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder, it can be used for large pumps. Especially for large pumps, it is necessary to customize the performance according to the lift point of the customer. Therefore, when the impeller according to each embodiment is used in a large-sized pump, the impeller outlet 2 is designed one by one according to the customer's performance each time, and therefore, it is formed by the additive manufacturing method using metal powder. Is preferred. Thereby, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time, and cost involved in manufacturing, and it is possible to improve productivity. In addition, since the blades are formed by the additive manufacturing method using the metal powder in accordance with the respective separate designs, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to process the shape of the blade after the modeling.
　なお、本実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、上記の各実施形態に係る羽根車の形態に限定されるものではなく、流路に狭い幅を有する羽根車を製造するときにも適用できる。また、本実施形態に係る羽根車の製造方法は、上記の各実施形態に係る羽根車の形態に限定されるものではなく、羽根車を構成する部材の肉厚が細くなる箇所（例えば、羽根車の先端部(外周部)）を有する羽根車を製造するときにも適用できる。 The method for manufacturing the impeller according to the present embodiment is not limited to the form of the impeller according to each of the above embodiments, and can be applied when manufacturing an impeller having a narrow width in the flow path. .. In addition, the method for manufacturing the impeller according to the present embodiment is not limited to the form of the impeller according to each of the above-described embodiments, and a portion where the wall thickness of a member forming the impeller becomes thin (for example, the impeller). It can also be applied when manufacturing an impeller having a tip portion (outer peripheral portion) of a car.
　図３９に示したように、本実施形態に係る羽根車の製造システムＳは、造形する羽根車の形状に応じて、当該羽根車のシュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口側に連結される補強部材の形状を決定する補強部材決定部と、前記造形する羽根車の原型となる構造体の形状を決定する構造体決定部と、形状が決定された前記構造体を造形するよう指令する指令部と、前記指令部による指令に応じて前記構造体を積層造形する積層造形機と、を備える。この構成によれば、羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成することができる。 As shown in FIG. 39, according to the shape of the impeller to be modeled, the impeller manufacturing system S according to the present embodiment includes a reinforcing member connected to the shroud of the impeller and the impeller outlet side of the hub. A reinforcing member determining unit that determines the shape, a structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure that is the prototype of the impeller to be molded, and a command unit that commands the molding of the structure whose shape has been determined. An additive manufacturing machine for additive manufacturing of the structure according to an instruction from the instruction unit. With this configuration, it is possible to form a structure that is a prototype of the impeller.
　この構成によれば、積層造形法により羽根車の原型となる構造体を形成するので、羽根車の流路の形状が複雑であっても、所望の寸法精度を得ることができる。このため、流路内の相対速度を小さくする効果が得られ、羽根車の性能を向上させることができる。また、鋳型を作成する必要がないので、製造に係る手間、時間及びコストを削減することができ、生産性を向上させることができる。 According to this configuration, since the structure serving as the prototype of the impeller is formed by the additive manufacturing method, desired dimensional accuracy can be obtained even if the flow path of the impeller has a complicated shape. Therefore, the effect of reducing the relative speed in the flow path is obtained, and the performance of the impeller can be improved. In addition, since it is not necessary to create a mold, it is possible to reduce the labor, time and cost involved in manufacturing, and improve productivity.
　なお、本実施形態に係る情報処理装置の各処理を、複数のコンピュータが分散して実行してもよい。 Note that a plurality of computers may execute the respective processes of the information processing apparatus according to the present embodiment in a distributed manner.
　以上、本発明は上記実施形態そのままに限定されるものではなく、実施段階ではその要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成要素を変形して具体化できる。また、上記実施形態に開示されている複数の構成要素の適宜な組み合わせにより、種々の発明を形成できる。例えば、実施形態に示される全構成要素から幾つかの構成要素を削除してもよい。更に、異なる実施形態にわたる構成要素を適宜組み合わせてもよい。 As described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and constituent elements can be modified and embodied at the stage of implementation without departing from the scope of the invention. Further, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the embodiment. Furthermore, the constituent elements of different embodiments may be combined appropriately.
１　ポンプケーシング
１ａ　吸込口
１ｂ　吐出し口
１１　主板
１１ａ　外表面
１１ｂ　流路面
１１ｃ　外周面
１２　側板
１２ａ　外表面
１２ｂ　流路面
１２ｃ　外周面
１３　主翼
１３ａ　表面
１３ｂ　裏面
１４、１４ｂ、１４ｃ、１４ｄ、１４ｅ、１４ｆ、１４ｇ　構造体
２　ケーシングカバー
２０　流路
２１　ベースプレート
２２～２８　支持部材
３　羽根車
３０、４０、４０ｃ、５１、５２、６４ａ、６４ｂ、６５ａ、６５ｂ、６６ａ、６６ｃ、８２、８３、８４、８５　補強部材
３１、４１、４１ｃ　第１の部材
３２、４２　第２の部材
３０ａ　一端部
３０ｂ　他端部
４　軸受胴体
４３、４３ｂ　第２の補強部材
５ａ　軸受６　ポンプ軸
６１ａ、６１ｂ　インペラハブ
６２ａ、６２ｂ、６２ｃ、６２ｄ　側板
６３、７１、７２、７３、７４　主翼
２２、２２ｂ、２４、２５、２５ｂ　加工しろ部材
２６、２６ｂ、２７、２７ｂ　加工しろ部材
３１～３７、Ａ１　凹凸７　情報処理装置
７１　ストレージ
７２　メモリ
７３　入力インタフェース
７４　出力インタフェース
７５　通信モジュール
７６　プロセッサ
７６１　外径決定部
７６２　形状決定部
７６３　性能算出部
７６４　判定部
７６５　決定部
８　積層造形機
　１　羽根車入口
　１０　モータ
　１２　モータ部
　１４　羽根車
　１６　ポンプ部
　１８　主軸
　２　羽根車出口
　２０　吸込口
　２２　吐出口
　２４　ケーシング
　２５　中間ケーシング
　２５ａ　開口部
　２６　ケーシングカバー
　２８　メカニカルシール
　３　翼
　３０、３０ｃ、３０ｄ　構造体
　３１　第１の支持部材
　３２　第２の支持部材
　３３　ベースプレート
　３ｂ　翼
　４、４ｂ　シュラウド
　４０　情報処理装置
　４１　ストレージ
　４２　メモリ
　４３　入力インタフェース
　４４　出力インタフェース
　４５　通信回路
　４６　プロセッサ
　５　ハブ
　５０　表示装置
　５１　積層造形機
　６、６ｂ、６ｃ、６ｄ　補強部材
　６１、６３、６６　第１の部材
　６２、６４、６７　第２の部材
　６５　第３の部材
　Ｓ　羽根車の製造システム

  1 Pump casing 1a Suction port 1b Discharge port 11 Main plate 11a Outer surface 11b Flow path surface 11c Outer peripheral surface 12 Side plate 12a Outer surface 12b Flow path surface 12c Outer peripheral surface 13 Main wing 13a Surface 13b Back surface 14, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f, 14g Structure 2 Casing cover 20 Flow path 21 Base plates 22 to 28 Support member 3 Impeller 30, 40, 40c, 51, 52, 64a, 64b, 65a, 65b, 66a, 66c, 82, 83, 84, 85 Reinforcing member 31, 41, 41c First member 32, 42 Second member 30a One end 30b One end 4 Bearing body 43, 43b Second reinforcing member 5a Bearing 6 Pump shaft 61a, 61b Impeller hub 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d Side plate 63, 71, 72, 73, 74 Main wing 22, 22b, 24, 25, 25b Machining allowance member 26, 26b, 27, 27b Machining allowance member 31-37, A1 unevenness 7 Information processing device 71 Storage 72 Memory 73 Input interface 74 output interface 75 communication module 76 processor 761 outer diameter determination unit 762 shape determination unit 763 performance calculation unit 764 determination unit 765 determination unit 8 additive manufacturing machine 1 impeller inlet 10 motor 12 motor unit 14 impeller 16 pump unit 18 spindle 2 blades Vehicle exit 20 Suction port 22 Discharge port 24 Casing 25 Intermediate casing 25a Opening 26 Casing cover 28 Mechanical seal 3 Wings 30, 30c, 30d Structure 31 First support member 32 Second support member 33 Base plate 3b Wing 4, 4b Shroud 40 Information processing device 41 Storage 42 Memory 43 Input interface 44 Output interface 45 Communication circuit 46 Processor 5 Hub 50 Display device 51 Laminate modeling machine 6, 6b, 6c, 6d Reinforcing member 61, 63, 66 First member 62, 64 , 67 Second member 65 Third member S Impeller manufacturing system

Claims (55)

  1. 　羽根車と、補強部材と、を有する構造体を積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、
    　前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、
    　を有し、
    　前記構造体形成工程において、
    　前記羽根車は、上下に配置される少なくとも一対の端部を有し、
    　前記補強部材の一端が、前記一対の端部のうち上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結するように、前記構造体が形成される
    　羽根車の製造方法。     A structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by an additive manufacturing method;
    A removing step of removing the reinforcing member from the structure,
    Have
    In the structure forming step,
    The impeller has at least a pair of end portions arranged vertically,
    The method for manufacturing an impeller, wherein the structure is formed so that one end of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of an upper end portion of the pair of end portions.
  2. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記補強部材のうち、少なくとも前記補強部材の前記一端は、連結される前記羽根車の端部と略同じ密度になるように形成される
    　請求項１に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller according to claim 1, wherein in the structure forming step, at least the one end of the reinforcing member among the reinforcing members is formed to have substantially the same density as an end portion of the impeller to be connected. Manufacturing method.
  3. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記補強部材は、連結される前記羽根車の端部よりも低い密度で、且つ、前記羽根車の端部より傾いた角度で形成される
    　請求項１に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The blade according to claim 1, wherein in the structure forming step, the reinforcing member is formed with a density lower than an end portion of the impeller to be connected and at an angle inclined from an end portion of the impeller. Car manufacturing method.
  4. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記構造体の少なくとも一部が、当該構造体より低い金属密度の部材によって支持されて形成される
    　請求項１から３に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 1, wherein in the structure forming step, at least a part of the structure is supported and formed by a member having a metal density lower than that of the structure.
  5. 　前記補強部材は、当該補強部材の前記一端から延伸し、
    　当該補強部材が延伸する距離は、当該補強部材の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である
    　請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The reinforcing member extends from the one end of the reinforcing member,
    The method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a distance that the reinforcing member extends is equal to or less than a limit distance that is determined according to a material of the reinforcing member.
  6. 　前記補強部材は、当該補強部材の前記一端から略水平に延伸する第１の部材と、当該補強部材の前記他端から垂直方向に延伸して前記第１の部材を支持する第２の部材と、を有し、
    　前記第２の部材と、前記一対の端部のうち下方の端部との間に水平距離を有する、
    　請求項１から５のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The reinforcing member includes a first member extending substantially horizontally from the one end of the reinforcing member, and a second member vertically extending from the other end of the reinforcing member to support the first member. Has,
    There is a horizontal distance between the second member and the lower end of the pair of ends.
    The manufacturing method of the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
  7. 　前記構造体は、前記一対の端部のうち下方に位置する端部の少なくとも一部から延伸した第２の補強部材を有し、
    　前記第２の補強部材は、当該補強部材の前記一端から延伸する第１の部材を有し、
    　当該第１の部材が延伸する距離は、当該第１の部材の素材に応じて決まる限界距離以下である
    　請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The structure has a second reinforcing member extending from at least a part of the lower end of the pair of ends,
    The second reinforcing member has a first member extending from the one end of the reinforcing member,
    The method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a distance that the first member extends is equal to or less than a limit distance that is determined according to a material of the first member.
  8. 　前記羽根車は、
    　主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられ揚液にエネルギーを与える主翼と、を備え、
    　前記一対の端部は、前記主板または前記側板の吐出し側の端部である、
    　請求項１から７のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller is
    A main plate, a side plate, and a main wing provided between the main plate and the side plate to give energy to the pumping liquid,
    The pair of end portions are end portions on the discharge side of the main plate or the side plate,
    The method for manufacturing the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  9. 　前記羽根車は、
    　主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられる複数の主翼と、を備え、
    　前記一対の端部は、前記側板の吸込み側の端部である、
    　請求項１から７のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller is
    A main plate, a side plate, and a plurality of main wings provided between the main plate and the side plate,
    The pair of end portions are end portions on the suction side of the side plate,
    The method for manufacturing the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  10. 　前記羽根車は、
    　揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼と、を備え、
    　前記一対の端部は、前記複数の主翼のうち隣り合う主翼の端部である、
    　請求項１から７のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller is
    A plurality of main wings that give energy to the pumping liquid,
    The pair of end portions are end portions of adjacent main wings of the plurality of main wings,
    The method for manufacturing the impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
  11. 　主板と、側板と、当該主板と当該側板との間に設けられ揚液にエネルギーを与える主翼と、を備えた羽根車であって、
    　前記主板、前記側板および前記主翼にて形成される流路が積層造形により形成され、且つ、前記主板と前記側板との少なくとも一方の外周面が切削加工にて形成された羽根車。     An impeller provided with a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing provided between the main plate and the side plate for giving energy to pumping liquid,
    An impeller in which a flow path formed by the main plate, the side plate, and the main blade is formed by additive manufacturing, and at least one outer peripheral surface of the main plate and the side plate is formed by cutting.
  12. 　前記流路面と、前記外周面との表面粗さが異なる、請求項１１に記載の羽根車。 The impeller according to claim 11, wherein the flow passage surface and the outer peripheral surface have different surface roughnesses.
  13. 　前記流路面は、外周面よりも表面粗さが粗い、請求項１２に記載の羽根車。 The impeller according to claim 12, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer peripheral surface.
  14. 　羽根車と、補強部材と、を有する構造体を積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、
    　前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、
    　を有し、
    　前記構造体形成工程において、
    　前記羽根車は、前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口が積層面に対し垂直となるように配置され、
    　前記補強部材の一端部が、前記円形の端部のうち中点よりも上方の端部の少なくとも一部に連結するように、前記構造体が形成される
    　羽根車の製造方法。     A structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a reinforcing member by an additive manufacturing method;
    A removing step of removing the reinforcing member from the structure,
    Have
    In the structure forming step,
    The impeller is arranged so that the circular opening at the end of the impeller is perpendicular to the stacking plane,
    The method for manufacturing an impeller, wherein the structure is formed so that one end of the reinforcing member is connected to at least a part of an end of the circular end above the midpoint.
  15. 　前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口が吸込み口である、請求項１４に記載の羽根車の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 14, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is a suction port.
  16. 　前記羽根車の端部の円形の開口がインペラハブの開口部である、請求項１４または１５に記載の羽根車の製造方法。 The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the circular opening at the end of the impeller is an opening of an impeller hub.
  17. 　羽根車と、前記羽根車の表面に連結されている加工しろ部材と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、
    　前記構造体から前記加工しろ部材を除去する除去工程と、
    　を有し、
    　前記構造体形成工程において前記加工しろ部材を前記羽根車と略同じ密度で造形する羽根車の製造方法。     A structure forming step of forming a structure having an impeller and a processing margin member connected to the surface of the impeller by a layered manufacturing method;
    A removing step of removing the processing margin member from the structure,
    Have
    A method for manufacturing an impeller in which the processing margin member is shaped with substantially the same density as the impeller in the structure forming step.
  18. 　前記構造体は、更に支持部材を有し、
    　前記構造体形成工程において、
    　前記支持部材が形成される第１ステップと、
    　前記加工しろ部材が形成される第２ステップと、
    　前記羽根車が形成される第３ステップと、を有し、
    　前記構造体の少なくとも一つの鉛直線上において前記構造体は、前記第１ステップ、前記第２ステップ、前記第３ステップ、の順にて積層造形される、
    　請求項１７に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The structure further includes a support member,
    In the structure forming step,
    A first step in which the support member is formed;
    A second step of forming the processing margin member;
    A third step in which the impeller is formed,
    The structure is laminated on at least one vertical line of the structure in the order of the first step, the second step, and the third step.
    The method for manufacturing the impeller according to claim 17.
  19. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記支持部材は、前記加工しろ部材に比べて低い密度になるように形成される
    　請求項１７または１８に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The method of manufacturing an impeller according to claim 17 or 18, wherein in the structure forming step, the support member is formed to have a lower density than that of the processing margin member.
  20. 　前記除去工程において、前記加工しろ部材が切削加工にて除去されることで前記羽根車の表面の形状が形成される
    　請求項１７から１９のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of claims 17 to 19, wherein in the removing step, the shape of the surface of the impeller is formed by removing the working margin member by cutting.
  21. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記羽根車の下側、及び前記羽根車の上側の少なくとも一方に、前記加工しろ部材が形成される
    　請求項１７から２０のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller according to any one of claims 17 to 20, wherein the processing margin member is formed on at least one of a lower side of the impeller and an upper side of the impeller in the structure forming step. Method.
  22. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記羽根車のインペラハブの開口部の内側に前記加工しろ部材が形成される、
    　請求項１７から２１のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the structure forming step, the processing margin member is formed inside the opening of the impeller hub of the impeller,
    A method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of claims 17 to 21.
  23. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記開口部の少なくとも一部を覆うように前記加工しろ部材が形成され、前記開口部の中心に相当する前記加工しろ部材の表面位置に凹凸が設けられるか、及び／または前記開口部の内周に相当する前記加工しろ部材の表面位置に凹凸が設けられる
    　請求項２２に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the structure forming step, the processing margin member is formed so as to cover at least a part of the opening, and unevenness is provided at a surface position of the processing margin member corresponding to the center of the opening, and/ 23. The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 22, wherein unevenness is provided on a surface position of the processing margin member corresponding to an inner circumference of the opening.
  24. 　前記構造体形成工程において、前記加工しろ部材には、前記主板及び／または前記側板の一部の寸法、または前記主板及び／または前記側板の一部の形状に関するパラメータを表す凹凸が前記加工しろ部材の表面に設けられている
    　請求項１７から２３のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the structure forming step, the processing allowance member is provided with an unevenness representing a parameter regarding a size of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate or a shape of a part of the main plate and/or the side plate. The method for manufacturing an impeller according to any one of claims 17 to 23, which is provided on a surface of the impeller.
  25. 　前記羽根車は、主板と、側板と、主翼と、を備えたクローズドインペラである、
    　請求項１７から２４のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The impeller is a closed impeller including a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing,
    The manufacturing method of the impeller according to any one of claims 17 to 24.
  26. 　主板と、側板と、主翼と、を備え、前記主板、前記側板および前記主翼にて画定された流路が形成されている羽根車であって、
    　前記流路は積層造形にて形成され、前記主板および前記側板の外表面は切削加工にて形成された羽根車。     An impeller including a main plate, a side plate, and a main wing, in which a flow path defined by the main plate, the side plate, and the main wing is formed,
    An impeller in which the flow path is formed by additive manufacturing, and the outer surfaces of the main plate and the side plate are formed by cutting.
  27. 　前記主板および前記側板において、
    　前記流路を画定する流路面と前記外表面とは表面粗さが異なる、請求項２６に記載の羽根車。     In the main plate and the side plate,
    The impeller according to claim 26, wherein the flow passage surface defining the flow passage and the outer surface have different surface roughnesses.
  28. 前記流路面は、前記外表面よりも表面粗さが粗い、請求項２７に記載の羽根車。 The impeller according to claim 27, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the outer surface.
  29. 　前記羽根車は切削加工にて形成されたインペラハブを更に有し、
    　前記流路面は前記インペラハブよりも表面粗さが粗い、請求項２７または２８に記載の羽根車。     The impeller further has an impeller hub formed by cutting,
    The impeller according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the flow passage surface has a rougher surface than the impeller hub.
  30. 　ポンプの羽根車の設計方法であって、
    　前記羽根車は、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備え、
    　前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更工程
    　を有する羽根車の設計方法。     A method for designing an impeller of a pump,
    The impeller includes a plurality of main wings for giving energy to the pumping liquid,
    An impeller design method comprising: a design change step of changing the design of the impeller so that the impeller is layered-molded based on the information of the impeller.
  31. 　前記設計変更工程では、前記羽根車を積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する、
    　請求項３０に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     In the design changing step, the design of the impeller is changed so as to add an intermediate blade required for additive manufacturing of the impeller,
    The method for designing an impeller according to claim 30.
  32. 　前記羽根車の情報は、
    　前記羽根車の素材の情報と、
    　隣り合う前記主翼が形成される積層面における当該隣り合う前記主翼の間の距離とを含み、
    　前記設計変更工程において、当該隣り合う前記主翼の間に前記中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する、
    　請求項３０または３１に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The information of the impeller is
    Information on the material of the impeller,
    Including a distance between the adjacent main wings in the laminated surface on which the adjacent main wings are formed,
    In the design changing step, changing the design of the impeller so as to add the intermediate blade between the adjacent main blades,
    A method for designing an impeller according to claim 30 or 31.
  33. 　前記設計変更工程において、前記羽根車の素材によって異なる所定の許容距離よりも前記複数の主翼間の積層面における距離が短くなるように前記中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する、
    　請求項３２に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     In the design changing step, the design of the impeller is changed so that the intermediate blade is added so that the distance in the laminated surface between the plurality of main blades is shorter than a predetermined allowable distance that differs depending on the material of the impeller.
    The method for designing an impeller according to claim 32.
  34. 　前記羽根車はクローズドインペラであって、
    　前記主翼間の積層面は、前記主翼よりも後に形成される前記羽根車の主板または側板である、
    　請求項３０から３３のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The impeller is a closed impeller,
    The laminated surface between the main wings is a main plate or a side plate of the impeller formed after the main wings,
    A method for designing an impeller according to any one of claims 30 to 33.
  35. 　前記設計変更工程の後に、前記中間翼が設けられた羽根車を備える前記ポンプを流体解析する工程を更に有する
    　請求項３０から３４のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The impeller design method according to any one of claims 30 to 34, further comprising, after the design changing step, performing a fluid analysis of the pump including the impeller provided with the intermediate blade.
  36. 　前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含する場合、積層造形が実行されるように積層造形機を制御する工程を有する
    　請求項３５に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The impeller design method according to claim 35, further comprising: controlling an additive manufacturing machine so that additive manufacturing is performed when a selected range based on a result of the fluid analysis includes an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement. ..
  37. 　前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合、前記羽根車の素材の情報、前記羽根車の設計形状のうち、少なくとも一つを変更し、当該変更後に再度、流体解析する工程を更に有する
    　請求項３５または３６に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     If the selected range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include the operating point that satisfies the customer's requirement, at least one of the information on the material of the impeller and the design shape of the impeller is changed, and after the change, it is again 37. The impeller design method according to claim 35, further comprising a step of performing fluid analysis.
  38. 　複数のポンプ機種群から客先要求に応じてポンプ機種を選定する工程と、
    　前記流体解析の結果による選定範囲が前記客先要求を満たす運転点を包含しない場合に、前記選定したポンプ機種を再選定する工程と、
    　を更に有する請求項３５から３７のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The process of selecting a pump model from multiple pump model groups according to customer requirements,
    Reselecting the selected pump model when the selection range based on the result of the fluid analysis does not include an operating point that satisfies the customer requirement,
    The impeller design method according to any one of claims 35 to 37, further comprising:
  39. 　前記設計変更工程では、当該羽根車の外径の変更、及び／または主翼及び／または中間翼の翼角を設計変更する
    　請求項３０から３８のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の設計方法。     The impeller design method according to any one of claims 30 to 38, wherein in the design changing step, an outer diameter of the impeller is changed, and/or a blade angle of the main blade and/or the intermediate blade is changed.
  40. 　請求項３０から３９のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の設計方法にて設計された羽根車を積層造形にて形成する、羽根車の製造方法。 A method for manufacturing an impeller, which comprises forming an impeller designed by the method for designing an impeller according to any one of claims 30 to 39 by additive manufacturing.
  41. 　ポンプの羽根車であって、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備える羽根車の設計システムであって、
    　前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更部を備える
    　羽根車の設計システム。     An impeller design system for a pump, comprising:
    An impeller design system, comprising: a design change unit that changes the design of the impeller so that the impeller is layered based on the information of the impeller.
  42. 　前記設計変更部は、積層造形するのに必要な中間翼を追加するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する、
    　請求項４１に記載の羽根車の設計システム。     The design change section changes the design of the impeller so as to add an intermediate blade necessary for additive manufacturing.
    An impeller design system according to claim 41.
  43. 　ポンプの羽根車であって、揚液にエネルギーを与える複数の主翼を備える羽根車の製造システムであって、
    　前記羽根車の情報に基づいて、当該羽根車を積層造形するよう当該羽根車の設計を変更する設計変更部と、
    　設計変更後の羽根車を積層造形する積層造形機と、
    　を備える羽根車の製造システム。     A pump impeller, which is an impeller manufacturing system including a plurality of main blades for imparting energy to pumping liquid,
    A design change unit that changes the design of the impeller so that the impeller is layered based on the information of the impeller;
    A layered molding machine that laminates the impeller after design change,
    An impeller manufacturing system equipped with.
  44. 　羽根車入口と羽根車出口との間に複数の翼を有する羽根車の製造方法であって、
    　当該羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されたシュラウド及びハブと、当該シュラウドとハブとの間に配置された複数の翼と、当該シュラウド及び当該ハブの羽根車出口側に連結されている補強部材と、を有する構造体を、積層造形法により形成する構造体形成工程と、
    　前記構造体から前記補強部材を除去する除去工程と、
    　を有する羽根車の製造方法。     A method of manufacturing an impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet,
    A shroud and a hub arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller, a plurality of blades arranged between the shroud and the hub, and an impeller exit side of the shroud and the hub. A structure forming step of forming a structure having a reinforcing member by a layered manufacturing method;
    A removing step of removing the reinforcing member from the structure,
    Method for manufacturing an impeller having a.
  45. 　前記構造体は、前記補強部材を支持する第１の支持部材を更に有し、
    　前記構造体から前記第１の支持部材を除去する工程を更に有する
    　請求項４４に記載の前記羽根車の製造方法。     The structure further includes a first support member that supports the reinforcing member,
    The method for manufacturing the impeller according to claim 44, further comprising a step of removing the first support member from the structure.
  46. 　前記構造体は、前記シュラウドまたは前記ハブを支持する第２の支持部材を更に有し、
    　前記構造体から前記第２の支持部材を除去する工程を更に有する
    　請求項４４または４５に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The structure further includes a second support member supporting the shroud or the hub,
    The impeller manufacturing method according to claim 44 or 45, further comprising a step of removing the second support member from the structure.
  47. 　前記構造体において、隣り合う翼、前記シュラウド、及び前記ハブによって流路が形成されており、
    　前記補強部材は、前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように構成されている
    　請求項４４から４６のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the structure, a flow path is formed by the adjacent blades, the shroud, and the hub,
    The impeller manufacturing method according to any one of claims 44 to 46, wherein the reinforcing member is configured to close the flow path at the impeller outlet.
  48. 　前記補強部材は、前記シュラウド及び前記ハブの羽根車出口の末端部の傾斜角度とは、異なる傾斜角度で前記シュラウド及び前記ハブに連結されている
    　請求項４７に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     48. The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 47, wherein the reinforcing member is connected to the shroud and the hub at an inclination angle different from an inclination angle of an end portion of the impeller outlet of the shroud and the hub.
  49. 　前記補強部材は、前記シュラウドを外周側に延長するように当該シュラウドに連結された第１の部材と、前記ハブを外周側に延長するように当該ハブに連結された第２の部材と、前記第１の部材と前記第２の部材に連結されて前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように構成された第３の部材と、を有する
    　請求項４７に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The reinforcing member includes a first member connected to the shroud so as to extend the outer peripheral side of the shroud, a second member connected to the hub so as to extend the outer peripheral side of the hub, and The impeller manufacturing method according to claim 47, further comprising: a third member connected to the first member and the second member and configured to close the flow path at the impeller outlet.
  50. 　前記補強部材は、前記シュラウドを外周側に延長するように一端が当該シュラウドに連結された第１の部材と、前記ハブを外周側に延長するように一端が当該ハブに連結された第２の部材と、を有し、
    　前記流路を前記羽根車出口で閉塞するように、前記第１の部材の他端と前記第２の部材の他端が連結されている
    　請求項４７に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The reinforcing member has a first member whose one end is connected to the shroud so as to extend the shroud to the outer peripheral side, and a second member whose one end is connected to the hub so as to extend the hub to the outer peripheral side. And a member,
    48. The method for manufacturing an impeller according to claim 47, wherein the other end of the first member and the other end of the second member are connected so as to close the flow path at the impeller outlet.
  51. 　前記羽根車は、子午面断面において、前記流路を構成するシュラウド側の曲線が、翼入口から前記翼の所定の位置まではハブ側に湾曲し、前記翼の所定の位置から翼出口までは前記ハブとは反対側に湾曲していることを特徴とする、
    　請求項４４から５０のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the impeller, in a meridional section, a curve on the shroud side that constitutes the flow path is curved toward the hub from a blade inlet to a predetermined position of the blade, and from a predetermined position of the blade to a blade outlet. Characterized in that it is curved on the side opposite to the hub,
    The manufacturing method of the impeller according to any one of claims 44 to 50.
  52. 　前記羽根車のハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、子午面断面において、所定の位置から外周に向かって、水平面から傾斜していることを特徴とする、
    　請求項４４から５１のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     The hub or/and the shroud of the impeller are inclined from a horizontal plane from a predetermined position toward the outer periphery in a meridional plane section,
    The manufacturing method of the impeller according to any one of claims 44 to 51.
  53. 　前記羽根車の午面断面において、前記ハブまたは／および前記シュラウドは、内周側から外周側に向かって肉薄になっている、
    　請求項４４から５２のいずれか一項に記載の羽根車の製造方法。     In the meridional section of the impeller, the hub and/or the shroud is thin from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side,
    The manufacturing method of the impeller according to any one of claims 44 to 52.
  54. 　羽根車入口と羽根車出口との間に複数の翼を有する羽根車であって、
    　当該羽根車の軸方向に間隔を設けて配置されたハブおよびシュラウドと、当該ハブとシュラウドの間に配置された複数の翼と、を有し、
    　前記ハブまたは／およびシュラウドは、外表面と羽根車出口側の外周縁の表面粗さが異なる、羽根車。     An impeller having a plurality of blades between an impeller inlet and an impeller outlet,
    A hub and a shroud arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the impeller, and a plurality of blades arranged between the hub and the shroud,
    An impeller in which the surface roughness of the outer surface of the hub or/and the shroud is different from the surface roughness of the outer peripheral edge of the impeller exit side.
  55. 　造形する羽根車の形状に応じて、当該羽根車のシュラウド及びハブの羽根車出口側に連結される補強部材の形状を決定する補強部材決定部と、
    　前記造形する羽根車の原型となる構造体の形状を決定する構造体決定部と、
    　形状が決定された前記構造体を造形するよう積層造形機に指令する指令部と、
    　を備える羽根車の製造システム。
    　                 A reinforcing member determination unit that determines the shape of the reinforcing member connected to the impeller outlet side of the shroud of the impeller and the hub according to the shape of the impeller to be molded;
    A structure determining unit that determines the shape of the structure that is the prototype of the impeller to be molded,
    A command unit that commands the additive manufacturing machine to model the structure whose shape has been determined,
    An impeller manufacturing system equipped with.
PCT/JP2020/003852 2019-02-06 2020-02-03 Impeller manufacturing method, impeller, impeller design method, impeller design system, and impeller manufacturing system WO2020162380A1 (en)

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