WO2020162290A1 - Armature et machine électrique rotative - Google Patents

Armature et machine électrique rotative Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020162290A1
WO2020162290A1 PCT/JP2020/003231 JP2020003231W WO2020162290A1 WO 2020162290 A1 WO2020162290 A1 WO 2020162290A1 JP 2020003231 W JP2020003231 W JP 2020003231W WO 2020162290 A1 WO2020162290 A1 WO 2020162290A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
phase
winding
magnet
conductor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/003231
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
高橋　裕樹
Original Assignee
株式会社デンソー
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社デンソー filed Critical 株式会社デンソー
Priority to CN202080012604.1A priority Critical patent/CN113383482B/zh
Publication of WO2020162290A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020162290A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings

Definitions

  • the disclosure in this specification relates to an armature and a rotating electric machine.
  • a field element including a magnet portion having a plurality of magnetic poles whose polarities alternate in the circumferential direction, and an armature having a multi-phase armature winding are provided.
  • a rotating electric machine equipped with this is known.
  • the armature winding has a phase winding for each phase.
  • conductive wire portions coil side conductive wire portions
  • in-phase conductive wire portions are connected at the coil ends at both ends in the axial direction.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide an armature and a rotating electric machine that can optimize the configuration of the armature winding.
  • Means 1 It is applied to a rotary electric machine provided with a field element having a plurality of magnetic poles whose polarities alternate in the circumferential direction, has a multi-phase armature winding, and is arranged radially inside or outside the field element.
  • the armature winding is provided for each phase, and has a plurality of phase windings wound in the circumferential direction in a predetermined arrangement order for each phase, Between the coil side conductor portions arranged in the armature winding in the circumferential direction, there is not provided an inter-conductor member that connects the inside and the outside in the radial direction of the armature winding,
  • the phase winding of each of the phases has a predetermined number of the coil side conductive wire portions for each magnetic pole, and the first coil end on one side in the axial direction is adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction via the first crossover portion.
  • the coil side conductor portions of the same phase are connected to each other by two matching magnetic poles, and at the second coil end on the other side in the axial direction, through the second transition portion extending in the same circumferential direction as the first transition portion.
  • the two coil poles separated by two magnetic poles in the circumferential direction are connected to the coil side conductor portion in phase with each other.
  • a predetermined number of in-phase coil side conductor portions provided for each magnetic pole are continuously connected to each other at coil ends on both axial sides. ..
  • the coil side conductor portions of the same phase are connected to each other by two magnetic poles that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, via the first crossover portion.
  • the coil side conductor portion of the same phase is connected by two magnetic poles that are separated by two magnetic poles in the circumferential direction, via the second crossover portion that extends in the same circumferential direction as the first crossover portion.
  • the first crossover portion and the second crossover portion on both sides in the axial direction of the coil side conductor portion are configured to extend in the same direction in the circumferential direction, so that the first crossover portion and the second crossover portion are formed.
  • the phase winding is less likely to be frayed or displaced. That is, in the above-described configuration, the phase winding of each phase is provided so as to be wound so as to wind the phase winding of a different phase for each one magnetic pole pair (that is, for every two magnetic poles), and to be provided between the adjacent magnetic pole pair.
  • the second crossover portion for connection is also provided so as to wind the phase windings of different phases in the magnetic pole pair.
  • the slotless structure of the armature reduces the inductance, and in some cases there is a concern that the electrical time constant or mechanical time constant may decrease.
  • the inductance can be increased because the conductor length of the second crossover portion is longer than that of the first crossover portion, and it is possible to suitably cope with the reduction of the electrical time constant and the mechanical time constant.
  • the coil side is a portion that faces each magnetic pole (specifically, the magnet portion of each magnetic pole) in the field element in the radial direction.
  • the coil end is a portion that is on the outer side in the axial direction with respect to the coil side, and is a winding portion that turns the phase winding in the circumferential direction.
  • the coil side conductive wire portion is a portion that is a coil side in the conductive wire that constitutes the phase winding of each phase, that is, a portion that is axially inward of the coil end. It is arranged at a predetermined interval.
  • the crossover portion is a conductor wire portion (coil end conductor wire portion) that mutually connects two coil side conductor wire portions at different positions in the circumferential direction at the coil end.
  • the number of phases of the armature winding is m (m ⁇ 2), and the number of phase windings of each phase is n (n ⁇ 2) arranged in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole.
  • Each of the coil side conductive wire portions, and at the first coil end, the coil side conductive wire portions separated by a coil pitch of m ⁇ n between two magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are the first crossover portions.
  • the coil side conductive wire portion most distant in the circumferential direction in each magnetic pole is the second coil end. It is connected via the crossover.
  • the coil side conductive wire portion connected to the second crossover portion has the adjacent value and the same phase. It is drawn to the side of another coil side conductor. Therefore, unlike the case where the coil side conducting wire portion of the different phase is pulled due to the action of the tensile stress at the second coil end, it is possible to avoid the inconvenience such as the dielectric breakdown (short circuit) between the phases. Further, it becomes possible to increase the space factor for the coil side conductor portions of the same phase.
  • Means 3 is the means 1 or 2, which has a tubular core member integrally provided with the armature winding, and uses the axial center position of the coil side conductor portion of the armature winding as a reference,
  • the core member is provided unevenly on one side in the axial direction and on the other side in the axial direction, and on the side of the second coil end, as compared with the side of the first coil end, the coil side conducting wire portion is axially outside. The amount of protrusion of the core member to the is large.
  • the degree of magnetic flux leakage will be different at each coil end.
  • the degree of magnetic flux leakage increases on the second coil end side.
  • the core member is provided unevenly on one side and the other side in the axial direction with reference to the axial center position of the coil side conductor portion in the armature winding, and the first coil is provided on the second coil end side.
  • the amount of protrusion of the core member to the outside in the axial direction of the coil side conductor portion is larger than that on the end side.
  • the armature winding has a first winding group and a second winding group, each of which has the multi-phase windings.
  • the coil side conductive wire portions of each phase and the coil side conductive wire portions of each phase in the second winding group are alternately arranged one by one in the circumferential direction, and in the first winding group, each phase is arranged.
  • the first crossover portion is provided on the first coil end side and the second crossover portion is provided on the second coil end side, and the second winding group is provided.
  • the second crossover portion is provided on the first coil end side, and the first crossover portion is provided on the second coil end side.
  • the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion at each coil end are axially reversed. Therefore, even if the conductor lengths of the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion are different, the magnetic environment can be made the same in both coil ends.
  • the rotating electric machine of Means 5 includes the armature according to any one of Means 1 to 3 and the field element.
  • Means 6 is a rotating electric machine according to the means 5 in which one of the armature and the field element is a rotor that rotates together with a rotating shaft, and is a magnetic detection type that detects a rotating state of the rotating shaft.
  • a rotation sensor is provided, and the rotation sensor is provided on the first coil end side of the first coil end side and the second coil end side in the axial direction.
  • the influence of magnetic flux leakage from the armature winding is different between the first coil end and the second coil end of the armature winding due to the difference in conductor length between the first crossover section and the second crossover section.
  • the rotation sensor is provided on the side of the first coil end, it is possible to prevent the rotation sensor from being affected by the magnetic flux leakage.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional perspective view of a rotating electric machine
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the rotating electric machine
  • 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a part of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the rotating electric machine
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the inverter unit
  • FIG. 7 is a torque diagram showing the relationship between the ampere-turn of the stator winding and the torque density
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor and the stator
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the stator
  • FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the stator
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the stator winding
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the conductor wire
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the strands
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the form of each conducting wire in the n-th layer
  • FIG. 16 is a side view showing the conductors of the nth layer and the (n+1)th layer
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electrical angle and the magnetic flux density for the magnet of the embodiment
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram showing the relationship between the electrical angle and the magnetic flux density for the magnet of the comparative example
  • FIG. 19 is an electric circuit diagram of the control system for the rotating electric machine
  • FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram showing a current feedback control process by the control device
  • FIG. 21 is a functional block diagram showing torque feedback control processing by the control device
  • 22 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor and the stator in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG.
  • FIG. 24 is a diagram specifically showing the flow of magnetic flux in the magnet unit
  • 25: is sectional drawing of the stator in the modification 1
  • FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of the stator according to Modification 1
  • FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the stator according to the second modification
  • FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view of a stator according to Modification 3
  • FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional view of a stator according to Modification 4
  • FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view of a rotor and a stator according to Modification 7
  • FIG. 31 is a functional block diagram showing a part of the processing of the operation signal generation unit in the modification 8.
  • FIG. 32 is a flowchart showing the procedure of the carrier frequency changing process
  • FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a connection form of each conductor wire which constitutes the conductor wire group in Modification 9.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram showing a configuration in which four pairs of conducting wires are arranged in a laminated manner in Modification 9.
  • FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of an inner rotor type rotor and a stator in Modification 10.
  • FIG. 36 is an enlarged view showing a part of FIG.
  • FIG. 37 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an inner rotor type rotating electric machine
  • FIG. 38 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of an inner rotor type rotary electric machine
  • 39: is a figure which shows the structure of the rotary electric machine of an inner rotor structure in the modification 11.
  • FIG. 40 is a diagram showing the configuration of a rotary electric machine having an inner rotor structure in Modification 11.
  • FIG. 41 is a diagram showing a configuration of a rotary armature-type rotary electric machine in Modification 12.
  • FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the conductor wire in the modified example 14
  • FIG. 43 is a diagram showing the relationship between reluctance torque, magnet torque, and DM
  • FIG. 44 is a diagram showing teeth
  • FIG. 45 is a perspective view showing a wheel of an in-wheel motor structure and its peripheral structure
  • FIG. 46 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the wheel and its peripheral structure
  • FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of a wheel
  • FIG. 48 is a side view of the rotary electric machine as viewed from the protruding side of the rotary shaft
  • 49 is a sectional view taken along line 49-49 of FIG.
  • FIG. 48, 50 is a sectional view taken along line 50-50 of FIG. 49
  • FIG. 51 is an exploded sectional view of the rotating electric machine
  • 52 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rotor
  • FIG. 53 is a perspective view of the stator winding and the stator core
  • FIG. 54 is a front view showing the stator winding in a flat state.
  • FIG. 55 is a diagram showing the skew of the conductive wire
  • FIG. 56 is an exploded sectional view of the inverter unit
  • FIG. 57 is an exploded sectional view of the inverter unit
  • FIG. 58 is a diagram showing a state of arrangement of each electric module in the inverter housing
  • FIG. 59 is a circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of the power converter
  • FIG. 59 is a circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of the power converter
  • FIG. 60 is a diagram showing a cooling structure example of the switch module
  • FIG. 61 is a diagram showing an example of a cooling structure of a switch module
  • FIG. 62 is a diagram showing an example of the cooling structure of the switch module
  • FIG. 63 is a diagram showing an example of the cooling structure of the switch module
  • FIG. 64 is a diagram showing an example of the cooling structure of the switch module
  • FIG. 65 is a diagram showing an arrangement order of the electric modules with respect to the cooling water passage
  • 66 is a sectional view taken along line 66-66 of FIG. 49
  • 67 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 67-67 of FIG. 49
  • FIG. 68 is a perspective view showing the bus bar module alone.
  • FIG. 68 is a perspective view showing the bus bar module alone.
  • FIG. 69 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module and the bus bar module
  • FIG. 70 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module and the bus bar module
  • FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module and the bus bar module
  • FIG. 72 is a configuration diagram for explaining a modified example 1 of the in-wheel motor
  • FIG. 73 is a configuration diagram for explaining a second modification of the in-wheel motor
  • FIG. 74 is a configuration diagram for explaining Modification Example 3 of the in-wheel motor
  • FIG. 75 is a configuration diagram for explaining Modification Example 4 of the in-wheel motor
  • FIG. 76 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the rotary electric machine according to Modification 15.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module and the bus bar module
  • FIG. 70 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module and the bus bar module
  • FIG. 71 is a diagram showing an electrical connection state between each electric module
  • FIG. 77 is a diagram showing a phase winding of the stator winding
  • FIG. 78 is a plan development view showing the winding order of U-phase windings in the stator winding
  • FIG. 79 is a diagram showing a first winding group and a second winding group of the stator winding
  • FIG. 80 is a plan development view showing the winding order of the U1 phase winding and the U2 phase winding in the stator winding.
  • the rotating electric machine in this embodiment is used as a vehicle power source, for example.
  • the rotating electric machine can be widely used for industrial use, vehicle use, home electric appliance use, OA equipment use, game machine use, and the like.
  • the same or equivalent portions are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and the description of the portions having the same reference numeral is cited.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 is a synchronous multi-phase AC motor and has an outer rotor structure (outer rotation structure).
  • An outline of the rotary electric machine 10 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 5.
  • 1 is a vertical cross-sectional perspective view of the rotary electric machine 10
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine 10 in a direction along a rotation axis 11
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating electric machine 10 (a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2 )
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a part of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the rotating electric machine 10. Is. Note that, in FIG.
  • the hatching showing the cut surface is omitted except the rotating shaft 11.
  • the direction in which the rotary shaft 11 extends is defined as the axial direction
  • the direction that extends radially from the center of the rotary shaft 11 is the radial direction
  • the direction that extends circumferentially around the rotary shaft 11 is the circumferential direction.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 roughly includes a bearing unit 20, a housing 30, a rotor 40, a stator 50, and an inverter unit 60. All of these members are arranged coaxially with the rotary shaft 11, and are assembled in the axial direction in a predetermined order to form the rotary electric machine 10.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 of the present embodiment has a configuration including a rotor 40 as a “field element” and a stator 50 as an “armature”, and is embodied as a rotary field type rotary electric machine. It has become one.
  • the bearing unit 20 has two bearings 21 and 22 that are axially separated from each other, and a holding member 23 that holds the bearings 21 and 22.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 are, for example, radial ball bearings, each having an outer ring 25, an inner ring 26, and a plurality of balls 27 arranged between the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 26.
  • the holding member 23 has a cylindrical shape, and the bearings 21 and 22 are assembled inside the holding member 23 in the radial direction.
  • the rotary shaft 11 and the rotor 40 are rotatably supported inside the bearings 21 and 22 in the radial direction.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 form a set of bearings that rotatably support the rotating shaft 11.
  • each of the bearings 21 and 22 a ball 27 is held by a retainer (not shown), and the pitch between the balls is maintained in that state.
  • Each of the bearings 21 and 22 has a sealing member at the upper and lower portions in the axial direction of the retainer, and the inside thereof is filled with a non-conductive grease (for example, a non-conductive urea-based grease). Further, the position of the inner ring 26 is mechanically held by a spacer, and a constant pressure preload is applied so as to project vertically from the inside.
  • the housing 30 has a cylindrical peripheral wall 31.
  • the peripheral wall 31 has a first end and a second end that face each other in the axial direction.
  • the peripheral wall 31 has an end face 32 at the first end and an opening 33 at the second end.
  • the opening 33 is open at the entire second end.
  • a circular hole 34 is formed in the center of the end surface 32, and the bearing unit 20 is fixed by a fixing tool such as a screw or a rivet while being inserted into the hole 34.
  • a hollow cylindrical rotor 40 and a hollow cylindrical stator 50 are housed in the housing 30, that is, in the internal space defined by the peripheral wall 31 and the end surface 32.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 is an outer rotor type, and the stator 50 is arranged inside the housing 30 inside the cylindrical rotor 40 in the radial direction.
  • the rotor 40 is cantilevered on the rotary shaft 11 on the end face 32 side in the axial direction.
  • the rotor 40 has a magnet holder 41 formed in a hollow cylinder shape, and an annular magnet unit 42 provided inside the magnet holder 41 in the radial direction.
  • the magnet holder 41 has a substantially cup shape and has a function as a magnet holding member.
  • the magnet holder 41 includes a cylindrical portion 43 having a cylindrical shape, a fixing portion 44 having the same cylindrical shape and a smaller diameter than that of the cylindrical portion 43, and an intermediate portion that connects the cylindrical portion 43 and the fixing portion 44. And 45.
  • the magnet unit 42 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 43.
  • the magnet holder 41 is made of cold rolled steel plate (SPCC) having sufficient mechanical strength, forging steel, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), or the like.
  • SPCC cold rolled steel plate
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • the rotary shaft 11 is inserted into the through hole 44a of the fixed portion 44.
  • the fixed portion 44 is fixed to the rotary shaft 11 arranged in the through hole 44a. That is, the magnet holder 41 is fixed to the rotating shaft 11 by the fixing portion 44.
  • the fixed portion 44 may be fixed to the rotary shaft 11 by spline connection using irregularities, key connection, welding, caulking, or the like. As a result, the rotor 40 rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 11.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 of the bearing unit 20 are attached to the outside of the fixed portion 44 in the radial direction. Since the bearing unit 20 is fixed to the end surface 32 of the housing 30 as described above, the rotary shaft 11 and the rotor 40 are rotatably supported by the housing 30. As a result, the rotor 40 is rotatable within the housing 30.
  • the rotor 40 is provided with the fixing portion 44 only on one of the two end portions opposed to each other in the axial direction, whereby the rotor 40 is cantilevered by the rotating shaft 11.
  • the fixed portion 44 of the rotor 40 is rotatably supported by the bearings 21 and 22 of the bearing unit 20 at two axially different positions. That is, the rotor 40 is rotatably supported by the two bearings 21 and 22 that are separated from each other in the axial direction at one of the two ends of the magnet holder 41 that face each other in the axial direction. Therefore, even if the rotor 40 is cantilevered by the rotating shaft 11, stable rotation of the rotor 40 is realized. In this case, the rotor 40 is supported by the bearings 21 and 22 at a position shifted to one side with respect to the axial center position of the rotor 40.
  • the bearing 22 near the center of the rotor 40 (lower side in the figure) and the bearing 21 on the opposite side (upper side in the figure) are the gaps between the outer ring 25 and the inner ring 26 and the balls 27.
  • the dimensions are different, and for example, the bearing 22 near the center of the rotor 40 has a larger clearance dimension than the bearing 21 on the opposite side. In this case, on the side closer to the center of the rotor 40, even if vibration of the rotor 40 or vibration due to imbalance due to component tolerance acts on the bearing unit 20, the effect of the vibration or vibration is well absorbed.
  • the vibration generated in the cantilever structure is absorbed by the play part.
  • the preload may be either a fixed position preload or a constant pressure preload.
  • both the bearing 21 and the outer ring 25 of the bearing 22 are joined to the holding member 23 by a method such as press fitting or adhesion.
  • both the bearing 21 and the inner ring 26 of the bearing 22 are joined to the rotating shaft 11 by a method such as press fitting or adhesion.
  • a preload can be generated.
  • the preload can also be generated by disposing the outer ring 25 of the bearing 22 at different positions in the axial direction with respect to the inner ring 26 of the bearing 22.
  • a preload spring for example, a wave washer 24 or the like is used so that a preload is generated from an area sandwiched between the bearing 22 and the bearing 21 toward the outer ring 25 of the bearing 22 in the axial direction. It is arranged in the same region between 22 and the bearing 21. In this case as well, both the bearing 21 and the inner ring 26 of the bearing 22 are joined to the rotary shaft 11 by a method such as press fitting or bonding.
  • the outer ring 25 of the bearing 21 or the bearing 22 is arranged with a predetermined clearance with respect to the holding member 23. With such a configuration, the spring force of the preload spring acts on the outer ring 25 of the bearing 22 in the direction away from the bearing 21.
  • a spring force may be applied to the outer ring 25 of the bearing 21.
  • one of the inner rings 26 of the bearings 21 and 22 is arranged with respect to the rotary shaft 11 with a predetermined clearance, and the outer ring 25 of the bearings 21 and 22 is press-fitted onto the holding member 23, or a method such as adhesion is used.
  • the two bearings may be preloaded by joining them together.
  • the intermediate portion 45 has an annular inner shoulder portion 49a and an annular outer shoulder portion 49b.
  • the outer shoulder portion 49b is located outside the inner shoulder portion 49a in the radial direction of the intermediate portion 45.
  • the inner shoulder portion 49a and the outer shoulder portion 49b are separated from each other in the axial direction of the intermediate portion 45.
  • the cylindrical portion 43 and the fixed portion 44 partially overlap each other in the radial direction of the intermediate portion 45. That is, the cylindrical portion 43 projects axially outward from the base end portion (lower end portion on the lower side in the drawing) of the fixing portion 44.
  • the rotor 40 can be supported by the rotating shaft 11 at a position near the center of gravity of the rotor 40. 40 stable operations can be realized.
  • the rotor 40 has a bearing accommodating recess 46 that accommodates a part of the bearing unit 20 at a position that surrounds the fixed portion 44 in the radial direction and is located inward of the intermediate portion 45.
  • the accommodation recesses 46 and 47 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other inside and outside in the radial direction. That is, a part of the bearing unit 20 and the coil end 54 of the stator winding 51 are arranged so as to overlap radially inward and outward. As a result, it is possible to reduce the axial length of the rotary electric machine 10.
  • the intermediate portion 45 is provided so as to project radially outward from the rotary shaft 11 side.
  • the intermediate portion 45 is provided with a contact avoiding portion that extends in the axial direction and avoids contact with the coil end 54 of the stator winding 51 of the stator 50.
  • the intermediate portion 45 corresponds to the projecting portion.
  • the bending direction of the coil end 54 is preferably set in consideration of the assembling with the rotor 40. Assuming that the stator 50 is assembled on the inner side of the rotor 40 in the radial direction, the coil end 54 may be bent inward in the radial direction on the insertion tip side of the rotor 40.
  • the bending direction of the coil end on the opposite side of the coil end 54 may be arbitrary, but a shape bent outward with a spatial allowance is preferable in manufacturing.
  • the magnet unit 42 as a magnet portion is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged such that the polarities thereof alternate in the circumferential direction inside the cylindrical portion 43 in the radial direction.
  • the magnet unit 42 has a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction.
  • details of the magnet unit 42 will be described later.
  • the stator 50 is provided inside the rotor 40 in the radial direction.
  • the stator 50 has a stator winding 51 formed in a substantially cylindrical (annular) winding shape, and a stator core 52 as a base member arranged radially inward of the stator winding 51.
  • the line 51 is arranged to face the annular magnet unit 42 with a predetermined air gap interposed therebetween.
  • the stator winding 51 is composed of a plurality of phase windings. Each of the phase windings is configured by connecting a plurality of conductor wires arranged in the circumferential direction to each other at a predetermined pitch.
  • the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase three-phase windings and the X-phase, Y-phase, and Z-phase three-phase windings are used, and by using these three-phase windings,
  • the stator winding 51 is configured as a 6-phase winding.
  • the stator core 52 is formed in an annular shape by a laminated steel sheet in which electromagnetic steel sheets that are soft magnetic materials are laminated, and is assembled inside the stator winding 51 in the radial direction.
  • the electromagnetic steel sheet is, for example, a silicon steel sheet obtained by adding about several percent (for example, 3%) of silicon to iron.
  • the stator winding 51 corresponds to an armature winding
  • the stator core 52 corresponds to an armature core.
  • the stator winding 51 is a portion that overlaps with the stator core 52 in the radial direction, and is the coil side portion 53 that is the radial outside of the stator core 52, and one end side of the stator core 52 in the axial direction and the other. It has coil ends 54 and 55 which respectively project to the end side.
  • the coil side portions 53 respectively face the stator core 52 and the magnet unit 42 of the rotor 40 in the radial direction.
  • the coil end 54 on the bearing unit 20 side (upper side in the drawing) of the coil ends 54, 55 on both sides in the axial direction is the magnet holder of the rotor 40. It is housed in the coil housing recess 47 formed by 41. However, details of the stator 50 will be described later.
  • the inverter unit 60 has a unit base 61 fixed to the housing 30 with fasteners such as bolts, and a plurality of electric components 62 assembled to the unit base 61.
  • the unit base 61 is made of, for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • the unit base 61 has an end plate 63 fixed to the edge of the opening 33 of the housing 30, and a casing 64 integrally provided with the end plate 63 and extending in the axial direction.
  • the end plate 63 has a circular opening 65 at the center thereof, and a casing 64 is formed so as to stand upright from the peripheral edge of the opening 65.
  • the stator 50 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the casing 64. That is, the outer diameter of the casing 64 is the same as the inner diameter of the stator core 52 or slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the stator core 52.
  • the stator core 52 By mounting the stator core 52 on the outer side of the casing 64, the stator 50 and the unit base 61 are integrated. Further, because the unit base 61 is fixed to the housing 30, the stator 50 is integrated with the housing 30 when the stator core 52 is assembled to the casing 64.
  • the stator core 52 is preferably attached to the unit base 61 by adhesion, shrink fitting, press fitting, or the like. As a result, the positional deviation of the stator core 52 with respect to the unit base 61 side in the circumferential direction or the axial direction is suppressed.
  • the inside of the casing 64 in the radial direction is a housing space for housing the electric component 62, and the electric component 62 is arranged in the housing space so as to surround the rotating shaft 11.
  • the casing 64 has a role as a housing space forming portion.
  • the electrical component 62 is configured to include a semiconductor module 66 that constitutes an inverter circuit, a control board 67, and a capacitor module 68.
  • the unit base 61 is provided inside the stator 50 in the radial direction and corresponds to a stator holder (armature holder) that holds the stator 50.
  • the housing 30 and the unit base 61 form a motor housing of the rotary electric machine 10.
  • the holding member 23 is fixed to the housing 30 on one side in the axial direction across the rotor 40, and the housing 30 and the unit base 61 are connected to each other on the other side.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 is mounted on the vehicle or the like by mounting a motor housing on the side of the vehicle or the like.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the inverter unit 60 in addition to FIGS. 1 to 5 described above.
  • the casing 64 has a tubular portion 71 and an end surface 72 provided on one of both ends (end portion on the bearing unit 20 side) facing each other in the axial direction.
  • the opposite side of the end face 72 is entirely opened through the opening 65 of the end plate 63.
  • a circular hole 73 is formed in the center of the end surface 72, and the rotary shaft 11 can be inserted into the hole 73.
  • the hole 73 is provided with a seal material 171 that seals a gap between the hole 73 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 11.
  • the sealing material 171 may be a sliding seal made of a resin material, for example.
  • the tubular portion 71 of the casing 64 serves as a partition portion that partitions between the rotor 40 and the stator 50 arranged radially outside thereof and the electric component 62 arranged radially inside thereof.
  • the rotor 40, the stator 50, and the electric component 62 are arranged side by side inside and outside in the radial direction with the shape portion 71 interposed therebetween.
  • the electric component 62 is an electric component that constitutes an inverter circuit, and has a power running function of rotating the rotor 40 by supplying a current to each phase winding of the stator winding 51 in a predetermined order, and the rotating shaft 11 It has a power generation function of inputting a three-phase alternating current flowing through the stator winding 51 in accordance with the rotation of the above and outputting it as the generated power to the outside.
  • the electric component 62 may have only one of the power running function and the power generation function.
  • the power generation function is, for example, a regenerative function of outputting regenerative electric power to the outside when the rotating electric machine 10 is used as a vehicle power source.
  • a hollow cylindrical capacitor module 68 is provided around the rotary shaft 11, and a plurality of capacitor modules 68 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the capacitor module 68.
  • the semiconductor modules 66 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • the capacitor module 68 includes a plurality of smoothing capacitors 68a connected in parallel with each other.
  • the capacitor 68a is a laminated film capacitor formed by laminating a plurality of film capacitors, and has a trapezoidal cross section.
  • the capacitor module 68 is configured by arranging twelve capacitors 68a side by side in a ring shape.
  • the capacitor 68a for example, a long film having a predetermined width formed by laminating a plurality of films is used, and the film width direction is the trapezoidal height direction, and the trapezoidal upper and lower trapezoids alternate. By cutting the long film into an isosceles trapezoidal shape, the capacitor element is produced. Then, the capacitor 68a is manufactured by attaching an electrode or the like to the capacitor element.
  • the semiconductor module 66 has semiconductor switching elements such as MOSFETs and IGBTs, and is formed in a substantially plate shape.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 includes two sets of three-phase windings, and since an inverter circuit is provided for each of the three-phase windings, a total of twelve semiconductor modules 66 are formed in a ring.
  • the assembled semiconductor module group 66A is provided in the electrical component 62.
  • the semiconductor module 66 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between the cylindrical portion 71 of the casing 64 and the capacitor module 68.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the semiconductor module group 66A is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 71, and the inner peripheral surface of the semiconductor module group 66A is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the capacitor module 68.
  • the heat generated in the semiconductor module 66 is transferred to the end plate 63 via the casing 64 and is radiated from the end plate 63.
  • the semiconductor module group 66A preferably has a spacer 69 between the semiconductor module 66 and the cylindrical portion 71 in the outer peripheral surface side, that is, in the radial direction.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cross section orthogonal to the axial direction is a regular dodecagon, while the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 71 is circular. Is a flat surface and the outer peripheral surface is a curved surface.
  • the spacer 69 may be integrally provided so as to be continuous in an annular shape on the outer side in the radial direction of the semiconductor module group 66A.
  • the spacer 69 is a good heat conductor, and is preferably a metal such as aluminum or a heat dissipation gel sheet.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 71 may be a dodecagon, which is the same as the capacitor module 68. In this case, both the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the spacer 69 are preferably flat surfaces.
  • the cooling water passage 74 for circulating the cooling water is formed in the tubular portion 71 of the casing 64, and the heat generated in the semiconductor module 66 is applied to the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 74. Is also released. That is, the casing 64 has a water cooling mechanism. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the cooling water passage 74 is formed in an annular shape so as to surround the electric component 62 (semiconductor module 66 and capacitor module 68). The semiconductor module 66 is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the tubular portion 71, and a cooling water passage 74 is provided at a position overlapping the semiconductor module 66 inward and outward in the radial direction.
  • stator 50 Since the stator 50 is arranged outside the cylindrical portion 71 and the electric component 62 is arranged inside, the heat of the stator 50 is transferred from the outside to the cylindrical portion 71, The heat of the electric component 62 (for example, the heat of the semiconductor module 66) is transmitted from the inside. In this case, the stator 50 and the semiconductor module 66 can be cooled at the same time, and the heat of the heat generating member in the rotary electric machine 10 can be efficiently released.
  • the semiconductor module 66 forming part or all of the inverter circuit that operates the rotating electric machine by energizing the stator winding 51 is located outside the tubular portion 71 of the casing 64 in the radial direction.
  • the stator core 52 is arranged in a region surrounded by the stator core 52.
  • one semiconductor module 66 is entirely arranged in a region surrounded by the stator core 52.
  • all the semiconductor modules 66 are entirely arranged in the area surrounded by the stator core 52.
  • the semiconductor module 66 is arranged in the area surrounded by the cooling water passage 74. Desirably, all the semiconductor modules 66 are entirely arranged in a region surrounded by the yoke 141.
  • the electrical component 62 also includes an insulating sheet 75 provided on one end surface of the capacitor module 68 and a wiring module 76 provided on the other end surface thereof in the axial direction.
  • the capacitor module 68 has two end faces that face each other in the axial direction, that is, a first end face and a second end face.
  • the first end surface of the capacitor module 68 near the bearing unit 20 faces the end surface 72 of the casing 64, and is superposed on the end surface 72 with the insulating sheet 75 interposed therebetween.
  • a wiring module 76 is attached to the second end surface of the capacitor module 68 near the opening 65.
  • the wiring module 76 has a circular plate-shaped main body portion 76a made of a synthetic resin material and a plurality of bus bars 76b and 76c embedded therein. An electrical connection is made with the module 68.
  • the semiconductor module 66 has a connection pin 66a extending from the axial end surface thereof, and the connection pin 66a is connected to the bus bar 76b on the outer side in the radial direction of the main body portion 76a.
  • the bus bar 76c extends to the side opposite to the capacitor module 68 on the outer side in the radial direction of the main body portion 76a, and is connected to the wiring member 79 at its tip portion (see FIG. 2).
  • the heat dissipation path of the capacitor module 68 is provided.
  • a path is formed from the first end surface and the second end surface of the capacitor module 68 to the end surface 72 and the tubular portion 71. That is, a path from the first end surface to the end surface 72 and a path from the second end surface to the tubular portion 71 are formed.
  • heat can be radiated from the end surface portion other than the outer peripheral surface where the semiconductor module 66 is provided. That is, not only radial heat dissipation but also axial heat dissipation is possible.
  • the capacitor module 68 has a hollow cylindrical shape and the rotating shaft 11 is arranged in the inner peripheral portion thereof with a predetermined gap therebetween, the heat of the capacitor module 68 can also be released from the hollow portion. ing. In this case, the rotation of the rotary shaft 11 causes a flow of air to enhance the cooling effect.
  • a disc-shaped control board 67 is attached to the wiring module 76.
  • the control board 67 has a printed circuit board (PCB) on which a predetermined wiring pattern is formed, and a control device 77 corresponding to a control unit including various ICs and microcomputers is mounted on the board. There is.
  • the control board 67 is fixed to the wiring module 76 by a fixing tool such as a screw.
  • the control board 67 has an insertion hole 67a in the center thereof for inserting the rotary shaft 11.
  • the wiring module 76 has a first surface and a second surface that face each other in the axial direction, that is, face each other in the thickness direction.
  • the first surface faces the capacitor module 68.
  • the wiring module 76 is provided with the control board 67 on the second surface thereof.
  • the bus bar 76c of the wiring module 76 extends from one side of the control board 67 to the other side.
  • the control board 67 may be provided with a notch that avoids interference with the bus bar 76c. For example, a part of the outer edge of the circular control board 67 may be cut out.
  • the electrical component 62 is housed in the space surrounded by the casing 64, and the housing 30, the rotor 40, and the stator 50 are provided in layers outside the electrical component 62.
  • Electromagnetic noise is preferably shielded. That is, in the inverter circuit, it is conceivable that switching control is performed in each semiconductor module 66 using PWM control with a predetermined carrier frequency, and electromagnetic noise is generated by the switching control. It can be suitably shielded by the housing 30, the rotor 40, the stator 50, etc. on the radially outer side of 62.
  • the semiconductor module 66 and the stator windings are disposed.
  • the stator winding 51 is less likely to be affected.
  • it does not easily affect the semiconductor module 66. It is more effective if the entire semiconductor module 66 is arranged in a region surrounded by the stator core 52 arranged radially outside the tubular portion 71 of the casing 64. Further, when at least a part of the semiconductor module 66 is surrounded by the cooling water passage 74, it is possible to obtain an effect that heat generated from the stator winding 51 and the magnet unit 42 hardly reaches the semiconductor module 66.
  • a through hole 78 for inserting a wiring member 79 (see FIG. 2) that electrically connects the outer stator 50 and the inner electric component 62 is formed in the cylindrical portion 71 near the end plate 63.
  • the wiring member 79 is connected to the end portion of the stator winding 51 and the bus bar 76c of the wiring module 76 by crimping, welding, or the like.
  • the wiring member 79 is, for example, a bus bar, and its joint surface is preferably flat and crushed.
  • the through holes 78 may be provided at one place or a plurality of places. In the present embodiment, the through holes 78 are provided at two places. With the configuration in which the through holes 78 are provided at two locations, the winding terminals extending from the two sets of three-phase windings can be easily connected by the wiring members 79 respectively, which is suitable for performing multi-phase connection. Has become.
  • the rotor 40 and the stator 50 are provided in order from the outer side in the radial direction, and the inverter unit 60 is provided on the inner side in the radial direction of the stator 50.
  • the radius of the inner peripheral surface of the housing 30 is d
  • the rotor 40 and the stator 50 are arranged radially outside the distance d ⁇ 0.705 from the rotation center of the rotor 40.
  • a region of the rotor 40 and the stator 50 that is radially inward from the radially inner inner peripheral surface of the stator 50 is the first region X1 in the radial direction.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first region X1 is larger than the cross-sectional area of the second region X2.
  • the volume of the first region X1 is larger than the volume of the second region X2 when viewed in the range in which the magnet unit 42 of the rotor 40 and the stator winding 51 overlap in the radial direction.
  • the first region X1 that is radially inward from the inner peripheral surface of the magnetic circuit component assembly has a radial magnetic circuit component assembly.
  • the volume is larger than the second area X2 between the inner peripheral surface of the housing and the housing 30.
  • stator in a rotary electric machine there is known one in which a plurality of slots are provided in a circumferential direction in a stator core made of laminated steel plates and having an annular shape, and a stator winding is wound in the slots.
  • the stator core has a plurality of teeth extending in a radial direction from the yoke at predetermined intervals, and a slot is formed between the teeth adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Then, for example, a plurality of layers of conductor wires are accommodated in the slots in the radial direction, and the conductor wires form a stator winding.
  • stator winding when the stator winding is energized, magnetic saturation occurs in the teeth portion of the stator core as the magnetomotive force of the stator winding increases, which causes It is conceivable that the torque density will be limited. That is, in the stator core, it is considered that the magnetic flux occurs due to the energization of the stator winding and the rotating magnetic flux concentrates on the teeth to cause magnetic saturation.
  • IPM Interior Permanent Magnet
  • a permanent magnet is arranged on the d axis in the dq coordinate system and a rotor core is arranged on the q axis.
  • the exciting magnetic flux flows from the stator to the q-axis of the rotor according to Fleming's law. It is considered that this causes a wide range of magnetic saturation in the q-axis core portion of the rotor.
  • FIG. 7 is a torque diagram showing the relationship between the ampere-turn [AT] indicating the magnetomotive force of the stator winding and the torque density [Nm/L].
  • the broken line shows the characteristic of a general IPM rotor type rotating electrical machine.
  • FIG. 7 in a general rotating electric machine, by increasing the magnetomotive force in the stator, magnetic saturation occurs at two points, the tooth portion between the slots and the q-axis core portion. The increase in torque is limited.
  • the ampere-turn design value is limited by A1.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 in order to eliminate the limitation caused by magnetic saturation, is provided with the following configuration. That is, as a first measure, in order to eliminate magnetic saturation generated in the stator core teeth in the stator, a slotless structure is adopted in the stator 50, and magnetic saturation generated in the q-axis core portion of the IPM rotor is eliminated. , SPM (Surface Permanent Magnet) rotors are used. According to the first device, it is possible to eliminate the above-mentioned two portions where magnetic saturation occurs, but it is conceivable that the torque will decrease in the low current region (see the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 7).
  • SPM Surface Permanent Magnet
  • a flat conductor structure is adopted in which the radial thickness of the stator 50 of the conductor wire is reduced in the coil side portion 53 of the stator winding 51 in order to recover the torque reduction.
  • a larger eddy current is generated in the stator winding 51 facing the magnet unit 42 due to the above-mentioned polar anisotropic structure with increased magnetic force.
  • the flat conductor structure is thin in the radial direction, it is possible to suppress the generation of radial eddy currents in the stator winding 51.
  • a magnet having a high magnetic force is adopted, and a large improvement in torque characteristics is expected. The concern about the generation of large eddy currents that can occur can be alleviated.
  • a magnet unit that uses a polar anisotropic structure and has a magnetic flux density distribution close to a sine wave is adopted.
  • the sine wave matching rate can be increased by the pulse control described later to enhance the torque, and eddy current loss (copper loss due to eddy current: eddy current loss) due to a more gentle change in magnetic flux compared to a radial magnet. ) Can also be further suppressed.
  • the sine wave matching rate can be obtained by comparing the measured waveform of the surface magnetic flux density distribution measured by tracing the surface of the magnet with a magnetic flux probe and a sine wave having the same period and peak value.
  • the amplitude of the primary waveform which is the fundamental wave of the rotating electric machine, corresponds to the sine wave matching rate, with respect to the amplitude of the actually measured waveform, that is, the amplitude obtained by adding other harmonic components to the fundamental wave.
  • the sine wave matching rate increases, the waveform of the surface magnetic flux density distribution approaches a sine wave shape.
  • the waveform of the surface magnetic flux density distribution of the magnet is close to a sinusoidal shape. It is possible to generate a large torque.
  • the surface magnetic flux density distribution may be estimated by a method other than actual measurement, for example, electromagnetic field analysis using Maxwell's equation.
  • the stator winding 51 has a strand conductor structure in which a plurality of strands are collected and bundled. According to this, since the strands are connected in parallel, a large current can flow and the generation of eddy currents generated in the conductor spread in the circumferential direction of the stator 50 in the flat conductor structure can be prevented from occurring. Is smaller, it can be more effectively suppressed than the case where the thickness is reduced in the radial direction by the third device. By using a configuration in which a plurality of strands are twisted together, it is possible to cancel out the eddy current with respect to the magnetic flux generated by the right-handed screw law with respect to the magnetomotive force from the conductor.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 40 and the stator 50
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a vertical cross section of the stator 50.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the stator winding 51. 8 and 9, the magnetizing directions of the magnets in the magnet unit 42 are indicated by arrows.
  • the stator core 52 has a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are laminated in the axial direction and has a predetermined thickness in the radial direction, and is on the rotor 40 side.
  • the stator winding 51 is assembled on the outer side in the radial direction.
  • the outer peripheral surface on the rotor 40 side serves as a conductor installation portion (conductor area).
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 52 has a curved surface shape without unevenness, and a plurality of conductor wire groups 81 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator core 52 functions as a back yoke that is a part of a magnetic circuit for rotating the rotor 40.
  • a tooth that is, an iron core
  • a soft magnetic material is not provided between each two conductor groups 81 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction (that is, a slotless structure).
  • the resin material of the sealing member 57 is inserted into the gap 56 between the conductor wire groups 81. That is, in the stator 50, the inter-conductor wire member provided between the conductor wire groups 81 in the circumferential direction is configured as the sealing member 57 which is a non-magnetic material.
  • each conductor wire group 81 is composed of two conductor wires 82 as will be described later, and only the non-magnetic material occupies the space between each two conductor wire groups 81 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator 50.
  • the non-magnetic material includes a non-magnetic gas such as air and a non-magnetic liquid in addition to the sealing member 57.
  • the sealing member 57 is also referred to as a conductor-to-conductor member.
  • the configuration in which the teeth are provided between the conductor wire groups 81 arranged in the circumferential direction means that the teeth have a predetermined thickness in the radial direction and a predetermined width in the circumferential direction, so that the conductor wire groups are It can be said that a part of the magnetic circuit, that is, a magnet magnetic path is formed between 81. In this respect, it can be said that the configuration in which the teeth are not provided between the conductive wire groups 81 is a configuration in which the above magnetic circuit is not formed.
  • the stator winding (that is, armature winding) 51 has a predetermined thickness T2 (hereinafter, also referred to as a first dimension) and a width W2 (hereinafter, also referred to as a second dimension).
  • the thickness T2 is the shortest distance between the outer side surface and the inner side surface that face each other in the radial direction of the stator winding 51.
  • the width W2 is fixed to function as one of the multiphases of the stator winding 51 (three phases in the embodiment: three phases of U phase, V phase and W phase or three phases of X phase, Y phase and Z phase). It is the circumferential length of a part of the child winding 51 of the stator winding 51.
  • the thickness T2 is preferably smaller than the total width dimension of the two conductor wire groups 81 existing in the width W2. Further, if the cross-sectional shape of the stator winding 51 (more specifically, the conductive wire 82) is a perfect circle, an ellipse, or a polygon, among the cross-sections of the conductive wire 82 along the radial direction of the stator 50, The maximum radial length of the stator 50 in that cross section may be W12, and the maximum circumferential length of the stator 50 in the cross section may be W11.
  • the stator winding 51 is sealed by a sealing member 57 made of a synthetic resin material as a sealing material (molding material). That is, the stator winding 51 and the stator core 52 are molded with the molding material.
  • the sealing member 57 is provided between the conductor wire groups 81, that is, the gap 56 is filled with a synthetic resin material, and the sealing member 57 allows the space between the conductor wire groups 81.
  • An insulating member is interposed between the two. That is, the sealing member 57 functions as an insulating member in the gap 56.
  • the sealing member 57 is on the outer side in the radial direction of the stator core 52 in a range including all the conductor wire groups 81, that is, in a range in which the radial thickness dimension is larger than the radial thickness dimension of each conductor wire group 81. It is provided.
  • the sealing member 57 is provided in a range including the turn portion 84 of the stator winding 51. Inside the stator winding 51 in the radial direction, the sealing member 57 is provided in a range including at least a part of the end faces of the stator core 52 that face each other in the axial direction. In this case, the stator winding 51 is resin-sealed at the end of the phase winding of each phase, that is, substantially the entire terminal except the connection terminal with the inverter circuit.
  • the laminated steel plate of the stator core 52 can be pressed inward in the axial direction by the sealing member 57. Thereby, the laminated state of each steel plate can be maintained using the sealing member 57.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 52 is not resin-sealed in the present embodiment, instead of this, the entire stator core 52 including the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 52 is resin-sealed. It may be configured.
  • the sealing member 57 is made of highly heat-resistant fluororesin, epoxy resin, PPS resin, PEEK resin, LCP resin, silicon resin, PAI resin, PI resin, or the like. It is preferably configured. Considering the coefficient of linear expansion from the viewpoint of suppressing cracking due to the difference in expansion, it is desirable that the same material as the outer coating of the conductor wire of the stator winding 51 be used. That is, silicone resins having a coefficient of linear expansion that is generally at least twice that of other resins are desirably excluded. For electric appliances such as electric vehicles that do not have a combustion engine, PPO resin, phenol resin, and FRP resin having heat resistance of about 180° C. are also candidates. This is not the case in the field where the ambient temperature of the rotating electric machine can be considered to be less than 100°C.
  • the torque of the rotating electric machine 10 is proportional to the magnitude of magnetic flux.
  • the maximum magnetic flux amount at the stator is limited depending on the saturation magnetic flux density at the teeth, but the stator core does not have teeth. In this case, the maximum amount of magnetic flux in the stator is not limited. Therefore, the configuration is advantageous in increasing the current supplied to the stator winding 51 to increase the torque of the rotating electric machine 10.
  • the inductance of the stator 50 is reduced. Specifically, while the inductance is about 1 mH in a stator of a general rotating electric machine in which a conductor is housed in each slot partitioned by a plurality of teeth, the stator 50 of the present embodiment has an inductance of about 1 mH. It is reduced to about 5 to 60 ⁇ H.
  • the mechanical time constant Tm can be reduced by reducing the inductance of the stator 50 while using the rotating electric machine 10 having the outer rotor structure. That is, it is possible to reduce the mechanical time constant Tm while increasing the torque.
  • Each conductor wire group 81 on the outside in the radial direction of the stator core 52 is configured by arranging a plurality of conductor wires 82 having a flat rectangular cross-section in the radial direction of the stator core 52.
  • the conductors 82 are arranged in a direction of “diameter in the radial direction ⁇ dimension in the circumferential direction” in the cross section.
  • the thickness of each conductor wire group 81 is reduced in the radial direction.
  • the thickness of the conductor is reduced in the radial direction, and the conductor region extends flat to the region where the teeth have been in the past, forming a flat conductor region structure.
  • each of the conductor wire group 81 and each of the conductor wire 82 is also called a conductive member.
  • the conductor area occupied by the stator winding 51 in one round in the circumferential direction is designed to be larger than the conductor unoccupied area in which the stator winding 51 does not exist. be able to.
  • the conductor area/conductor non-occupying area in the circumferential direction of the stator winding is naturally 1 or less.
  • each conductor wire group 81 is provided such that the conductor region is equal to the conductor unoccupied region or the conductor region is larger than the conductor unoccupied region.
  • the conductive wire area in which the conductive wire 82 (that is, the straight line portion 83 described later) is arranged in the circumferential direction is WA and the inter-conductive wire area between the adjacent conductive wires 82 is WB, the conductive wire is The area WA is larger than the inter-conductor area WB in the circumferential direction.
  • the radial thickness dimension of the conductor wire group 81 is smaller than the circumferential width dimension of one phase in one magnetic pole. That is, in the configuration in which the conductor wire group 81 is composed of two layers of conductor wires 82 in the radial direction, and two conductor wire groups 81 are provided in one magnetic pole in the circumferential direction for each phase, the radial thickness of each conductor wire 82 is When Tc and the width of the conductor wire 82 in the circumferential direction are Wc, “Tc ⁇ 2 ⁇ Wc ⁇ 2” is satisfied.
  • the conductor wire group 81 is composed of two layers of conductor wires 82 and one conductor wire group 81 is provided in one magnetic pole in the circumferential direction for each phase. It is good to be constituted so that.
  • the conductor wire portions (conductor wire group 81) arranged in the stator winding 51 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction have a radial thickness dimension that is larger than the circumferential width dimension of one phase in one magnetic pole. It is small.
  • the thickness Tc in the radial direction of each conductor 82 is preferably smaller than the width Wc in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the radial thickness dimension (2Tc) of the conductor wire group 81 composed of the two conductor wires 82 in the radial direction, that is, the radial thickness dimension (2Tc) of the conductor wire group 81 is smaller than the circumferential width dimension Wc. It should be small.
  • the torque of the rotating electric machine 10 is substantially inversely proportional to the radial thickness of the stator core 52 of the conductor wire group 81.
  • the thickness of the conductor wire group 81 is reduced on the outer side in the radial direction of the stator core 52, which is advantageous in increasing the torque of the rotary electric machine 10.
  • the reason is that the magnetic resistance can be reduced by reducing the distance from the magnet unit 42 of the rotor 40 to the stator core 52 (that is, the distance of the portion without iron). According to this, the interlinkage magnetic flux of the stator core 52 by the permanent magnet can be increased, and the torque can be increased.
  • the conductor 82 is a covered conductor in which the surface of a conductor body 82a is covered with an insulating coating 82b, and the conductors 82 overlap each other in the radial direction, and between the conductor 82 and the stator core 52. Insulation is secured in each.
  • the insulating coating 82b is formed of a coating if the wire 86 described later is a self-bonding coated wire, or an insulating member stacked separately from the coating of the wire 86. It should be noted that each phase winding constituted by the conductor wire 82 is kept insulating by the insulating coating 82b except for an exposed portion for connection. The exposed portion is, for example, an input/output terminal portion or a neutral point portion in the case of star connection.
  • each of the conductor wires 82 adjacent in the radial direction is fixed to each other by using resin fixing or self-bonding coated wire. As a result, dielectric breakdown, vibration, and sound due to the rubbing of the conductive wires 82 are suppressed.
  • the conductor 82a is configured as an assembly of a plurality of wires 86. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, the conductor 82a is formed in a twisted shape by twisting a plurality of element wires 86. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, the strand 86 is configured as a composite body in which thin fibrous conductive materials 87 are bundled.
  • the strand 86 is a composite of CNT (carbon nanotube) fibers, and as the CNT fibers, fibers containing boron-containing fine fibers in which at least part of carbon is replaced with boron are used.
  • VGCF vapor phase grown carbon fibers
  • the surface of the wire 86 is covered with a polymer insulating layer such as enamel. Further, the surface of the wire 86 is preferably covered with a so-called enamel coating, which is made of a polyimide coating or an amideimide coating.
  • the conductor wire 82 constitutes an n-phase winding in the stator winding 51.
  • the individual wires 86 of the conductor wire 82 (that is, the conductor 82a) are adjacent to each other in contact with each other.
  • the conductor wire 82 has a portion where the winding conductor is formed by twisting a plurality of element wires 86 in one or more positions in the phase, and the resistance value between the twisted element wires 86 is the element wire 86 itself.
  • the strands are larger than the resistance value of.
  • each two adjacent wires 86 have a first electrical resistivity in their adjacent direction, and if each of the wires 86 has a second electrical resistivity in its length direction, the first electrical resistance. The rate is higher than the second electrical resistivity.
  • the conductor wire 82 may be formed of a plurality of element wires 86, and the element wire assembly may cover the plurality of element wires 86 with an insulating member having an extremely high first electrical resistivity.
  • the conductor 82a of the conductor wire 82 is composed of a plurality of strands 86 that are twisted together.
  • the method of insulating the wires 86 from each other here is not limited to the polymer insulating film described above, and may be a method of making it difficult for current to flow between the twisted wires 86 by utilizing contact resistance. That is, if the resistance value between the twisted wires 86 is larger than the resistance value of the wires 86 themselves, the above effect can be obtained due to the potential difference caused by the difference in resistance value. ..
  • the manufacturing equipment for creating the wire 86 and the manufacturing equipment for creating the stator 50 (armature) of the rotating electric machine 10 as separate discontinuous equipment, the wire length is reduced from the moving time and the work interval. 86 is oxidized, and the contact resistance can be increased, which is preferable.
  • the conductor wire 82 has a flat rectangular cross section and is arranged in a plurality in the radial direction, and for example, a plurality of conductor wires covered with a self-bonding covered wire including a fusion layer and an insulating layer.
  • the strands 86 are assembled in a twisted state, and the fusion layers are fused to maintain the shape.
  • the strands not provided with the fusion bonding layer or the strands of the self-fusion-bonded coated wire may be twisted and then molded into a desired shape with a synthetic resin or the like.
  • the thickness of the insulating coating 82b on the conductor wire 82 is, for example, 80 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m and is thicker than the coating thickness (5 to 40 ⁇ m) of a commonly used conductor wire, insulation is provided between the conductor wire 82 and the stator core 52. Insulation between them can be secured without interposing paper or the like.
  • the insulating coating 82b has a higher insulating performance than the insulating layer of the wire 86 and is configured to insulate between the phases.
  • the thickness of the polymer insulating layer of the wire 86 is set to, for example, about 5 ⁇ m
  • the thickness of the insulating coating 82b of the conductive wire 82 is set to about 80 to 100 ⁇ m so that insulation between phases can be appropriately performed. Is desirable.
  • the conductor wire 82 may have a configuration in which a plurality of element wires 86 are bundled without being twisted. That is, the conductor wire 82 has a configuration in which a plurality of element wires 86 are twisted along its entire length, a configuration in which a plurality of element wires 86 are twisted in a part of the entire length, and a plurality of element wires 86 are twisted in the entire length. It may be any of the configurations that are bundled together.
  • each conductor wire 82 forming the conductor wire portion is composed of a plurality of element wires 86 bundled together, and a resistance value between the bundled element wires is larger than the resistance value of the element wire 86 itself. Has become.
  • Each conductor wire 82 is bent and formed so as to be arranged in a predetermined arrangement pattern in the circumferential direction of the stator winding 51, whereby a phase winding for each phase is formed as the stator winding 51. ..
  • a coil side portion 53 is formed by a straight portion 83 of each conductor wire 82 that extends linearly in the axial direction, and the coil side portion 53 is formed on both outer sides of the coil side portion 53 in the axial direction.
  • Coil ends 54 and 55 are formed by the protruding turn portion 84.
  • Each of the conducting wires 82 is configured as a series of corrugated conducting wires by alternately repeating the straight portions 83 and the turn portions 84.
  • the linear portions 83 are arranged at positions radially opposed to the magnet unit 42, and the in-phase linear portions 83 that are arranged at a predetermined interval at positions on the outer side in the axial direction of the magnet unit 42,
  • the turn portions 84 are connected to each other.
  • the straight line portion 83 corresponds to the “magnet facing portion”.
  • the stator winding 51 is formed in an annular shape by distributed winding.
  • the linear portions 83 are arranged in the circumferential direction at intervals corresponding to one pole pair of the magnet unit 42 for each phase, and in the coil ends 54 and 55, the linear portions 83 for each phase are arranged.
  • the straight line portions 83 forming a pair corresponding to one pole pair have current directions opposite to each other.
  • the one coil end 54 and the other coil end 55 are different in the combination of the pair of linear portions 83 connected by the turn portion 84, and the connection at the coil ends 54, 55 is in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator winding 51 is formed into a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the stator winding 51 forms a winding for each phase using two pairs of conducting wires 82 for each phase, and one of the three windings (U Phase, V phase, W phase) and the other three-phase winding (X phase, Y phase, Z phase) are provided in two layers inside and outside in the radial direction.
  • the number of phases of the stator winding 51 is S (6 in the case of the embodiment) and the number per phase of the conducting wire 82 is m
  • the linear portions 83 are arranged in two layers that are adjacent in the radial direction in an overlapping manner, and in the coil ends 54 and 55, the linear portions that overlap in the radial direction are arranged.
  • the turn portions 84 extend in the circumferential direction from 83 in the directions opposite to each other in the circumferential direction. That is, in the conductor wires 82 that are adjacent to each other in the radial direction, the directions of the turn portions 84 are opposite to each other except for the end portion of the stator winding 51.
  • FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams showing the form of each conductor wire 82 in the n-th layer, and FIG. 15A shows the conductor wire 82 seen from the side of the stator winding 51.
  • FIG. 15B shows the shape of the conductor wire 82 as viewed from one side in the axial direction of the stator winding 51.
  • 15(a) and 15(b) the positions where the conductor wire group 81 is arranged are shown as D1, D2, D3,.
  • only three conducting wires 82 are shown, which are referred to as a first conducting wire 82_A, a second conducting wire 82_B, and a third conducting wire 82_C.
  • the straight line portions 83 are arranged at the position of the nth layer, that is, at the same position in the radial direction, and the straight line portions 83 are separated by 6 positions (3 ⁇ m pairs) in the circumferential direction.
  • the turn portions 84 are connected to each other.
  • the ends of the seven straight line portions 83 arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction of the stator winding 51 are The two are connected to each other by one turn portion 84.
  • a pair of straight line portions 83 are arranged at D1 and D7, respectively, and the pair of straight line portions 83 are connected by an inverted V-shaped turn portion 84.
  • the other conductors 82_B and 82_C are arranged in the same n-th layer by shifting the positions in the circumferential direction one by one.
  • the turn parts 84 may interfere with each other. Therefore, in the present embodiment, an interference avoidance portion is formed in the turn portion 84 of each of the conductive wires 82_A to 82_C by offsetting a part thereof in the radial direction.
  • the turn portion 84 of each of the conductive wires 82_A to 82_C is one inclined portion 84a that is a portion that extends in the circumferential direction on the same circle (first circle), and from the inclined portion 84a to the same circle. Also shifts radially inward (upper side in FIG. 15B) and reaches another circle (second circle), from the top 84b, the inclined portion 84c extending in the circumferential direction on the second circle, and the first circle. And a return portion 84d returning to the second circle.
  • the top portion 84b, the inclined portion 84c, and the return portion 84d correspond to the interference avoiding portion.
  • the inclined portion 84c may be configured to shift radially outward with respect to the inclined portion 84a.
  • the turn portion 84 of each of the conductive wires 82_A to 82_C has the inclined portion 84a on one side and the inclined portion 84c on the other side on both sides of the top portion 84b, which is the central position in the circumferential direction, on both sides thereof.
  • the radial positions of the inclined portions 84a and 84c are different from each other.
  • the turn portion 84 of the first conductive wire 82_A extends along the circumferential direction starting from the D1 position of the n-th layer, and bends in the radial direction (for example, the radial inner side) at the top portion 84b that is the central position in the circumferential direction. By bending again in the circumferential direction, it extends along the circumferential direction again, and by bending again in the return portion 84d in the radial direction (for example, the radial outer side), it reaches the D7 position of the n-th layer which is the end point position. There is.
  • the inclined portions 84a on one side are arranged in the order of the first conducting wire 82_A ⁇ the second conducting wire 82_B ⁇ the third conducting wire 82_C from the top and the conducting wires 82_A ⁇ at the top portion 84b.
  • the upper and lower sides of 82_C are replaced with each other, and the other inclined portions 84c are arranged in the order of third conductor 82_C ⁇ second conductor 82_B ⁇ first conductor 82_A from the top. Therefore, the conductors 82_A to 82_C can be arranged in the circumferential direction without interfering with each other.
  • a turn portion 84 connected to a linear portion 83 on the radial inner side of the linear portions 83 of a plurality of layers, and a radial portion on the radial outer side. It is preferable that the turn portion 84 connected to the straight line portion 83 and the turn portion 84 which are connected to the straight line portion 83 are arranged farther in the radial direction than the respective straight line portions 83.
  • the conductive wires 82 overlapping in the radial direction are respectively bent in the return portion 84d of the turn portion 84 in the radial direction.
  • the radius of curvature of the bent portion may be different between the conductor wire 82 of the nth layer and the conductor wire 82 of the (n+1)th layer.
  • the radius of curvature R1 of the conductor wire 82 on the radially inner side (nth layer) is made smaller than the radius of curvature R2 of the conductor wire 82 on the radially outer side (n+1th layer).
  • the amount of shift in the radial direction may be different between the conductor wire 82 of the nth layer and the conductor wire 82 of the (n+1)th layer.
  • the shift amount S1 of the conductor wire 82 on the radially inner side (nth layer) is made larger than the shift amount S2 of the conductor wire 82 on the radially outer side (n+1th layer).
  • the permanent magnet used in the present embodiment is a sintered magnet obtained by sintering and molding a granular magnetic material, and the intrinsic coercive force Hcj on the JH curve is 400 [kA/m] or more.
  • the residual magnetic flux density Br is 1.0 [T] or more.
  • the saturation magnetic flux density Js is 1.2 [T] or more
  • the crystal grain size is 10 [ ⁇ m] or less
  • Js ⁇ is 1 when the orientation rate is ⁇ . .0 [T] or more.
  • the magnet unit 42 (magnet) is characterized in that 2.15 [T] ⁇ Js ⁇ 1.2 [T].
  • examples of magnets used in the magnet unit 42 include NdFe11TiN, Nd2Fe14B, Sm2Fe17N3, and FeNi magnets having L10 type crystals.
  • SmCo5, which is usually called Samacoba, FePt, Dy2Fe14B, CoPt, etc. cannot be used.
  • Dy2Fe14B and Nd2Fe14B generally use dysprosium, which is a heavy rare earth element, while slightly losing the high Js characteristics of neodymium, while maintaining the high coercive force of Dy. 2.15 [T] ⁇ Js ⁇ 1.2 [T] may be satisfied even in the case of a magnet having a magnet, and this case can also be adopted. In such a case, it is referred to as ([Nd1-xDyx]2Fe14B). Furthermore, it is possible to achieve with two or more kinds of magnets having different compositions, for example, a magnet composed of two or more kinds of materials such as FeNi plus Sm2Fe17N3.
  • Js 1.6[T] and Js It is also possible to achieve this by using a magnet with Js ⁇ 1 [T], for example, Dy2Fe14B in a small amount by mixing a small amount of Nd2Fe14B magnet with a large amount of magnet to increase the coercive force.
  • a rotating electric machine that is operated at a temperature outside the range of human activity, for example, 60° C. or higher that exceeds the temperature of the desert
  • a motor application for a vehicle in which the temperature inside the vehicle approaches 80° C. in summer it is desirable to contain components such as FeNi and Sm2Fe17N3 having a small temperature dependence coefficient.
  • the magnet unit 42 is characterized in that the particle size of the fine powder state before orientation is 10 ⁇ m or less and the particle size of a single magnetic domain or more by using the above-mentioned magnet mixture.
  • coercive force is increased by reducing the size of powder particles to the order of several hundred nm, so in recent years, powder that has been made as small as possible has been used.
  • the BH product of the magnet will drop due to oxidation or the like, so a single domain particle size or more is preferable.
  • coercive force increases due to miniaturization if the particle size is up to a single domain particle size.
  • the size of the particle diameter described here is the size of the particle diameter in the fine powder state in the orientation step, which is the manufacturing step of the magnet.
  • each of the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 of the magnet unit 42 is a sintered magnet formed by so-called sintering, which is obtained by baking and hardening magnetic powder at a high temperature.
  • the saturation magnetization Js of the magnet unit 42 is 1.2 T or more
  • the crystal grain size of the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 is 10 ⁇ m or less
  • Js ⁇ is It is performed so as to satisfy the condition of 1.0 T (tesla) or more.
  • each of the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 is sintered so as to satisfy the following conditions.
  • the orientation ratio is different from the definition of the magnetic force direction in the magnetizing step of the isotropic magnet.
  • the saturation magnetization Js of the magnet unit 42 of this embodiment is 1.2 T or more, and the orientation ratio ⁇ of the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 is high so that Jr ⁇ Js ⁇ 1.0 [T].
  • the orientation rate is set.
  • the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 are formed by sintering in this embodiment, the first magnet 91 and the second magnet 92 may be formed by another method as long as the above conditions are satisfied. ..
  • a method of forming an MQ3 magnet or the like can be adopted.
  • the magnetic circuit length inside the magnet is the same as the magnetic circuit length of a linearly oriented magnet that conventionally produces 1.0 [T] or more. In comparison, it can be made longer. That is, the magnetic circuit length per pole pair can be achieved with a small amount of magnets, and the reversible demagnetization range can be maintained even when exposed to severe high heat conditions, as compared with the conventional design using linearly oriented magnets. You can Further, the present inventor has found a configuration that can obtain characteristics close to those of a polar anisotropic magnet even when using a conventional magnet.
  • the easy magnetization axis refers to the crystal orientation that is easily magnetized in the magnet.
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization of the magnet is a direction in which the orientation ratio indicating the degree of alignment of the easy axis of magnetization is 50% or more, or the direction in which the orientation of the magnet is averaged.
  • the magnet unit 42 has an annular shape and is provided inside the magnet holder 41 (specifically, inside the cylindrical portion 43 in the radial direction).
  • the magnet unit 42 has a first magnet 91 and a second magnet 92 that are polar anisotropic magnets and have different polarities.
  • the first magnets 91 and the second magnets 92 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the first magnet 91 is a magnet that forms an N pole in a portion near the stator winding 51
  • the second magnet 92 is a magnet that forms an S pole in a portion near the stator winding 51.
  • the 1st magnet 91 and the 2nd magnet 92 are permanent magnets which consist of rare earth magnets, such as a neodymium magnet, for example.
  • each of the magnets 91 and 92 is a d-axis (direct-axis) which is a magnetic pole center and a magnetic pole boundary between the N pole and the S pole in a known dq coordinate system (in other words, magnetic flux density). Is 0 Tesla) and the magnetization direction extends in an arc shape between the q-axis (quadrature-axis).
  • the magnetizing direction on the d-axis side is the radial direction of the annular magnet unit 42
  • the magnetizing direction on the q-axis side is the circumferential direction of the annular magnet unit 42. The details will be described below. As shown in FIG.
  • each of the magnets 91 and 92 has a first portion 250 and two second portions 260 located on both sides of the first portion 250 in the circumferential direction of the magnet unit 42.
  • the first portion 250 is closer to the d-axis than the second portion 260
  • the second portion 260 is closer to the q-axis than the first portion 250.
  • the magnet unit 42 is configured such that the direction of the easy axis 300 of the first portion 250 is more parallel to the d-axis than the direction of the easy axis 310 of the second portion 260.
  • the magnet unit 42 is configured such that the angle ⁇ 11 formed by the easy magnetization axis 300 of the first portion 250 and the d axis is smaller than the angle ⁇ 12 formed by the easy magnetization axis 310 of the second portion 260 and the q axis. There is.
  • the angle ⁇ 11 is an angle formed by the d-axis and the easy magnetization axis 300 when the direction from the stator 50 (armature) to the magnet unit 42 on the d-axis is positive.
  • the angle ⁇ 12 is an angle formed by the q axis and the easy magnetization axis 310 when the direction from the stator 50 (armature) to the magnet unit 42 in the q axis is positive. Both the angle ⁇ 11 and the angle ⁇ 12 are 90° or less in this embodiment.
  • each of the easy magnetization axes 300 and 310 is defined as follows.
  • each part of the magnets 91 and 92 if one easy axis of magnetization is oriented in the direction A11 and the other easy axis of magnetization is oriented in the direction B11, the cosine of the angle ⁇ formed by the direction A11 and the direction B11 is obtained.
  • ) is set as the easy magnetization axis 300 or the easy magnetization axis 310.
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization differs between the d-axis side (portion near the d-axis) and the q-axis side (portion near the q-axis), and the magnetization on the d-axis side is different.
  • the direction of the easy axis is close to the direction parallel to the d-axis, and on the q-axis side, the direction of the easy magnetization axis is close to the direction orthogonal to the q-axis.
  • An arc-shaped magnet magnetic path is formed according to the direction of the easy axis of magnetization.
  • the easy axis of magnetization may be parallel to the d axis on the d-axis side, and the easy axis of magnetization may be orthogonal to the q axis on the q-axis side.
  • the stator-side outer surface on the stator 50 side (lower side in FIG. 9) of the peripheral surfaces of the magnets 91 and 92 and the end surface on the q-axis side in the circumferential direction generate magnetic flux. It is a magnetic flux acting surface that is an inflow/outflow surface, and a magnet magnetic path is formed so as to connect these magnetic flux acting surfaces (the outer surface on the stator side and the end surface on the q-axis side).
  • the magnet unit 42 since the magnetic flux flows in an arc shape between the adjacent N and S poles by the magnets 91 and 92, the magnet magnetic path is longer than that of a radial anisotropic magnet, for example. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 17, the magnetic flux density distribution is close to a sine wave. As a result, unlike the magnetic flux density distribution of the radial anisotropic magnet shown in FIG. 18 as a comparative example, the magnetic flux can be concentrated on the center side of the magnetic poles, and the torque of the rotary electric machine 10 can be increased. Further, it can be confirmed that the magnet unit 42 of the present embodiment has a difference in magnetic flux density distribution as compared with the conventional Halbach array magnets.
  • the horizontal axis represents the electrical angle and the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux density.
  • 90° on the horizontal axis indicates the d axis (that is, the center of the magnetic pole), and 0° and 180° on the horizontal axis indicate the q axis.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet on the d-axis is strengthened and the change of the magnetic flux near the q-axis is suppressed.
  • the magnets 91 and 92 in which the change in the surface magnetic flux from the q axis to the d axis is gentle in each magnetic pole can be realized appropriately.
  • the sine wave matching rate of the magnetic flux density distribution may be set to a value of 40% or more, for example. By doing so, the amount of magnetic flux in the central portion of the waveform can be reliably improved as compared with the case of using a radial oriented magnet or a parallel oriented magnet having a sine wave matching rate of about 30%. Further, if the sine wave matching rate is 60% or more, the amount of magnetic flux in the central portion of the waveform can be reliably improved as compared with the magnetic flux concentration array such as the Halbach array.
  • the magnetic flux density changes sharply near the q axis.
  • the steeper the change in magnetic flux density the greater the eddy current generated in the stator winding 51.
  • the change in magnetic flux on the side of the stator winding 51 also becomes sharp.
  • the magnetic flux density distribution has a magnetic flux waveform close to a sine wave. Therefore, the change in the magnetic flux density near the q-axis is smaller than the change in the magnetic flux density of the radial anisotropic magnet. This can suppress the generation of eddy currents.
  • a magnetic flux is generated in the direction orthogonal to the magnetic flux acting surface 280 on the stator 50 side in the vicinity of the d-axis of each magnet 91, 92 (that is, the magnetic pole center), and the magnetic flux acts on the stator 50 side.
  • An arc shape is formed such that the farther from the surface 280, the further from the d axis. Further, the more the magnetic flux is orthogonal to the magnetic flux acting surface, the stronger the magnetic flux becomes.
  • the conductor wire groups 81 are thinned in the radial direction as described above, the radial center position of the conductor wire groups 81 approaches the magnetic flux acting surface of the magnet unit 42.
  • the stator 50 can receive a strong magnetic flux from the rotor 40.
  • stator 50 is provided with a cylindrical stator core 52 on the radially inner side of the stator winding 51, that is, on the opposite side of the rotor 40 with the stator winding 51 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the magnetic flux extending from the magnetic flux acting surface of each magnet 91, 92 is attracted to the stator core 52 and circulates while using the stator core 52 as a part of the magnetic path. In this case, the direction and path of the magnet magnetic flux can be optimized.
  • the inverter unit 60 has a unit base 61 and an electric component 62 as shown in FIG. 6, and each work process including a process of assembling the unit base 61 and the electric component 62 will be described.
  • the assembly including the stator 50 and the inverter unit 60 is the first unit
  • the assembly including the bearing unit 20, the housing 30, and the rotor 40 is the second unit.
  • This manufacturing process is A first step of mounting the electric component 62 on the inner side of the unit base 61 in the radial direction, A second step of manufacturing the first unit by mounting the unit base 61 inside the stator 50 in the radial direction; A third step of manufacturing the second unit by inserting the fixing portion 44 of the rotor 40 into the bearing unit 20 assembled in the housing 30, A fourth step of mounting the first unit radially inside the second unit, A fifth step of fastening and fixing the housing 30 and the unit base 61, have.
  • the order of performing these respective steps is: first step ⁇ second step ⁇ third step ⁇ fourth step ⁇ fifth step.
  • the bearing unit 20, the housing 30, the rotor 40, the stator 50, and the inverter unit 60 are assembled as a plurality of assemblies (subassemblies), and then the assemblies are assembled together. Ease of handling and completion of inspection for each unit can be realized, and a rational assembly line can be constructed. Therefore, it is possible to easily cope with the production of various products.
  • a good heat conductor having good heat conduction is attached to at least one of the inner side of the unit base 61 in the radial direction and the outer side of the electric component 62 by coating or adhesion, and in that state, The electric component 62 may be attached to the unit base 61.
  • the heat generated by the semiconductor module 66 can be effectively transmitted to the unit base 61.
  • the rotor 40 may be inserted while maintaining the housing 30 and the rotor 40 coaxial with each other.
  • the position of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 40 (the outer peripheral surface of the magnet holder 41) or the inner peripheral surface of the rotor 40 (the inner peripheral surface of the magnet unit 42) is determined with reference to the inner peripheral surface of the housing 30.
  • the housing 30 and the rotor 40 are assembled while sliding either the housing 30 or the rotor 40 along the jig. As a result, it becomes possible to assemble heavy parts without applying an unbalanced load to the bearing unit 20, and the reliability of the bearing unit 20 is improved.
  • the fourth step it is recommended to assemble the first unit and the second unit while maintaining the same axis.
  • a jig that determines the position of the inner peripheral surface of the unit base 61 with reference to the inner peripheral surface of the fixed portion 44 of the rotor 40 is used, and along the jig, the first unit and the second unit Assemble each of these units while sliding one of them.
  • FIG. 19 is an electric circuit diagram of the control system of the rotary electric machine 10
  • FIG. 20 is a functional block diagram showing control processing by the control device 110.
  • FIG. 19 two sets of three-phase windings 51a and 51b are shown as the stator winding 51, and the three-phase winding 51a is composed of a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding.
  • the phase winding 51b includes an X phase winding, a Y phase winding, and a Z phase winding.
  • a first inverter 101 and a second inverter 102 corresponding to a power converter are provided for each of the three-phase windings 51a and 51b.
  • Each of the inverters 101 and 102 is configured by a full bridge circuit having the same number of upper and lower arms as the number of phases of the phase winding, and by turning on/off a switch (semiconductor switching element) provided in each arm, The energizing current is adjusted in each phase winding.
  • a DC power supply 103 and a smoothing capacitor 104 are connected in parallel to each inverter 101, 102.
  • the DC power supply 103 is composed of, for example, an assembled battery in which a plurality of unit cells are connected in series.
  • Each switch of the inverters 101 and 102 corresponds to the semiconductor module 66 shown in FIG. 1 and the like, and the capacitor 104 corresponds to the capacitor module 68 shown in FIG.
  • the control device 110 includes a microcomputer including a CPU and various memories, and controls energization by turning on/off each switch in the inverters 101 and 102 based on various detection information of the rotating electric machine 10 and requests for power running drive and power generation. carry out.
  • the control device 110 corresponds to the control device 77 shown in FIG.
  • the detection information of the rotary electric machine 10 includes, for example, a rotation angle (electrical angle information) of the rotor 40 detected by an angle detector such as a resolver, a power supply voltage (inverter input voltage) detected by a voltage sensor, and a current sensor.
  • the energizing current of each phase detected by is included.
  • the control device 110 generates and outputs an operation signal for operating each switch of the inverters 101 and 102.
  • the request for power generation is, for example, a request for regenerative driving when the rotary electric machine 10 is used as a power source for a vehicle.
  • the first inverter 101 includes a series connection body of an upper arm switch Sp and a lower arm switch Sn in each of three phases including U phase, V phase and W phase.
  • the high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch Sp of each phase is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the DC power supply 103, and the low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch Sn of each phase is connected to the negative electrode terminal (ground) of the DC power supply 103. ..
  • One ends of the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are connected to intermediate connection points between the upper arm switch Sp and the lower arm switch Sn of each phase.
  • the respective phase windings are star-connected (Y connection), and the other ends of the respective phase windings are connected to each other at a neutral point.
  • the second inverter 102 has a configuration similar to that of the first inverter 101, and includes a series connection body of an upper arm switch Sp and a lower arm switch Sn in each of three phases including an X phase, a Y phase, and a Z phase. ing.
  • the high potential side terminal of the upper arm switch Sp of each phase is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the DC power supply 103, and the low potential side terminal of the lower arm switch Sn of each phase is connected to the negative electrode terminal (ground) of the DC power supply 103. ..
  • One ends of the X-phase winding, the Y-phase winding, and the Z-phase winding are connected to intermediate connection points between the upper arm switch Sp and the lower arm switch Sn of each phase. These phase windings are star-connected (Y connection), and the other ends of the phase windings are connected to each other at a neutral point.
  • FIG. 20 shows a current feedback control process for controlling the U, V, W phase currents and a current feedback control process for controlling the X, Y, Z phase currents.
  • the control processing on the U, V, W phase side will be described.
  • the current command value setting unit 111 uses a torque-dq map based on the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value for the rotary electric machine 10 and the electrical angular velocity ⁇ obtained by time differentiating the electrical angle ⁇ . , D-axis current command value and q-axis current command value are set.
  • the current command value setting unit 111 is commonly provided on the U, V, W phase side and the X, Y, Z phase side.
  • the power generation torque command value is, for example, a regenerative torque command value when the rotary electric machine 10 is used as a vehicle power source.
  • the dq conversion unit 112 uses a current detection value (three phase currents) obtained by a current sensor provided for each phase as an orthogonal two-dimensional with the direction of field as the d-axis. It is converted into a d-axis current and a q-axis current which are components of the rotating coordinate system.
  • the d-axis current feedback control unit 113 calculates a d-axis command voltage as an operation amount for feedback controlling the d-axis current to a d-axis current command value. Further, the q-axis current feedback control unit 114 calculates a q-axis command voltage as an operation amount for feedback controlling the q-axis current to the q-axis current command value. In each of the feedback control units 113 and 114, the command voltage is calculated using the PI feedback method based on the deviation of the d-axis current and the q-axis current from the current command value.
  • the three-phase conversion unit 115 converts the d-axis and q-axis command voltages into U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase command voltages. It should be noted that each of the units 111 to 115 described above is a feedback control unit that performs feedback control of the fundamental wave current based on the dq conversion theory, and command voltages of the U phase, V phase, and W phase are feedback control values.
  • the operation signal generation unit 116 uses the well-known triangular wave carrier comparison method to generate the operation signal of the first inverter 101 based on the three-phase command voltage. Specifically, the operation signal generation unit 116 performs the PWM control based on the magnitude comparison between the signal obtained by normalizing the command voltage of the three phases by the power supply voltage and the carrier signal such as the triangular wave signal, and thereby switches the upper and lower arms in each phase. An operation signal (duty signal) is generated.
  • the X-, Y-, and Z-phase sides have the same configuration, and the dq converter 122 determines the current detection value (three phase currents) by the current sensor provided for each phase in the field direction. It is converted into a d-axis current and a q-axis current, which are components of the orthogonal two-dimensional rotation coordinate system which is the d-axis.
  • the d-axis current feedback control unit 123 calculates the d-axis command voltage
  • the q-axis current feedback control unit 124 calculates the q-axis command voltage.
  • the three-phase conversion unit 125 converts the d-axis and q-axis command voltages into X-phase, Y-phase, and Z-phase command voltages.
  • the operation signal generation unit 126 generates the operation signal of the second inverter 102 based on the command voltages of the three phases. Specifically, the operation signal generation unit 126 switches the upper and lower arms in each phase by PWM control based on the magnitude comparison between the signal obtained by normalizing the command voltage of the three phases with the power supply voltage and the carrier signal such as the triangular wave signal. An operation signal (duty signal) is generated.
  • the driver 117 turns on/off the three-phase switches Sp and Sn in each of the inverters 101 and 102 based on the switch operation signals generated by the operation signal generation units 116 and 126.
  • This process is mainly used for the purpose of increasing the output of the rotating electric machine 10 and reducing the loss under operating conditions in which the output voltages of the inverters 101 and 102 increase, such as in the high rotation range and the high output range.
  • the control device 110 selects and executes one of the torque feedback control process and the current feedback control process based on the operating conditions of the rotary electric machine 10.
  • FIG. 21 shows the torque feedback control processing corresponding to the U, V and W phases and the torque feedback control processing corresponding to the X, Y and Z phases. 21, the same components as those in FIG. 20 are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the control processing on the U, V, W phase side will be described.
  • the voltage amplitude calculation unit 127 is a command value of the magnitude of the voltage vector based on the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value for the rotary electric machine 10 and the electrical angular velocity ⁇ obtained by time differentiating the electrical angle ⁇ . Calculate the voltage amplitude command.
  • the torque estimation unit 128a calculates a torque estimation value corresponding to the U, V, and W phases based on the d-axis current and the q-axis current converted by the dq conversion unit 112.
  • the torque estimating unit 128a may calculate the voltage amplitude command based on the map information in which the d-axis current, the q-axis current, and the voltage amplitude command are associated.
  • the torque feedback control unit 129a calculates a voltage phase command, which is a command value of the phase of the voltage vector, as an operation amount for feedback controlling the estimated torque value to the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value.
  • the voltage phase command is calculated using the PI feedback method based on the deviation of the estimated torque value with respect to the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value.
  • the operation signal generation unit 130a generates an operation signal for the first inverter 101 based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ . Specifically, the operation signal generation unit 130a calculates a three-phase command voltage based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ , and standardizes the calculated three-phase command voltage with the power supply voltage. And a switch operation signal for the upper and lower arms in each phase is generated by PWM control based on the magnitude comparison with a carrier signal such as a triangular wave signal.
  • the operation signal generation unit 130a is based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, the pulse pattern information that is the map information in which the electrical angle ⁇ and the switch operation signal are related, the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ . Then, a switch operation signal may be generated.
  • the X-, Y-, and Z-phase sides have the same configuration, and the torque estimating unit 128b calculates the X-, Y-, and Z-axis currents based on the d-axis current and the q-axis current converted by the dq converting unit 122. An estimated torque value corresponding to the Z phase is calculated.
  • the torque feedback control unit 129b calculates a voltage phase command as an operation amount for feedback controlling the estimated torque value to the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value.
  • the voltage phase command is calculated using the PI feedback method based on the deviation of the estimated torque value with respect to the power running torque command value or the power generation torque command value.
  • the operation signal generator 130b generates an operation signal for the second inverter 102 based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ . Specifically, the operation signal generation unit 130b calculates a three-phase command voltage based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ , and standardizes the calculated three-phase command voltage with the power supply voltage. And a switch operation signal for the upper and lower arms in each phase is generated by PWM control based on the magnitude comparison with a carrier signal such as a triangular wave signal. The driver 117 turns on/off the three-phase switches Sp and Sn in each of the inverters 101 and 102 based on the switch operation signals generated by the operation signal generation units 130a and 130b.
  • the operation signal generation unit 130b is based on the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, the pulse pattern information that is map information in which the electrical angle ⁇ and the switch operation signal are related, the voltage amplitude command, the voltage phase command, and the electrical angle ⁇ . Then, a switch operation signal may be generated.
  • the electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 21 and 22 may occur due to the generation of the shaft current.
  • the magnetic flux is distorted due to a slight shift in switching timing (switching imbalance), and as a result, the bearings 21 and 22 supporting the rotating shaft 11 are caused.
  • electrolytic corrosion will occur.
  • the distortion of the magnetic flux is generated according to the inductance of the stator 50, and the electromotive voltage in the axial direction generated by the distortion of the magnetic flux causes dielectric breakdown in the bearings 21 and 22 and progresses electrolytic corrosion.
  • the following three countermeasures are taken as countermeasures against electrolytic corrosion.
  • the first countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion is the countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion by reducing the inductance as the core of the stator 50 is made coreless and by smoothing the magnetic flux of the magnet of the magnet unit 42.
  • the second countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion is a countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion by using a cantilever structure with the bearings 21 and 22 for the rotating shaft.
  • a third countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion is a countermeasure against electrolytic corrosion by molding the annular stator winding 51 together with the stator core 52 with a molding material. The details of each of these measures will be described below.
  • the space between the conductor wire groups 81 in the circumferential direction is made toothless, and the conductor wire group 81 is sealed with a nonmagnetic material instead of the teeth (iron core).
  • the member 57 is provided (see FIG. 10).
  • the inductance of the stator 50 can be reduced.
  • the d-axis inductance may be equal to or less than the q-axis inductance.
  • the magnets 91 and 92 are oriented so that the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis on the d-axis side compared to the q-axis side (see FIG. 9).
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet on the d-axis is strengthened, and the change in the surface magnetic flux (increase/decrease of the magnetic flux) from the q-axis to the d-axis becomes gentle in each magnetic pole. Therefore, a rapid voltage change caused by the switching imbalance is suppressed, which in turn contributes to suppression of electrolytic corrosion.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 are arranged so as to be deviated to one side in the axial direction with respect to the axial center of the rotor 40 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the influence of electrolytic corrosion can be reduced compared to a configuration in which a plurality of bearings are provided on both sides of the rotor in the axial direction with the rotor interposed therebetween.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 has the following configuration in relation to the configuration for arranging the bearings 21 and 22 on one side.
  • a contact avoidance portion that extends in the axial direction and avoids contact with the stator 50 is provided in the intermediate portion 45 that projects in the radial direction of the rotor 40 (see FIG. 2 ).
  • the closed circuit length can be increased and the circuit resistance can be increased.
  • the electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 21 and 22 can be suppressed.
  • the holding member 23 of the bearing unit 20 is fixed to the housing 30 on one side in the axial direction across the rotor 40, and the housing 30 and the unit base 61 (stator holder) are connected to each other on the other side. (See Figure 2). According to this configuration, it is possible to preferably realize a configuration in which the bearings 21 and 22 are arranged eccentrically on one side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11. Further, in this configuration, since the unit base 61 is connected to the rotating shaft 11 via the housing 30, the unit base 61 can be arranged at a position electrically separated from the rotating shaft 11. If an insulating member such as a resin is interposed between the unit base 61 and the housing 30, the unit base 61 and the rotary shaft 11 are electrically separated from each other. Thereby, the electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 21 and 22 can be appropriately suppressed.
  • the shaft voltage acting on the bearings 21 and 22 is reduced by the one-sided arrangement of the bearings 21 and 22. Further, the potential difference between the rotor 40 and the stator 50 is reduced. Therefore, the potential difference acting on the bearings 21 and 22 can be reduced without using conductive grease in the bearings 21 and 22. Since conductive grease generally contains fine particles such as carbon, it is considered that noise is generated. In this respect, in the present embodiment, the bearings 21 and 22 are configured to use non-conductive grease. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the inconvenience that noise is generated in the bearings 21 and 22. For example, when applied to an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle, it is considered necessary to take noise countermeasures for the rotating electric machine 10, but the noise countermeasures can be suitably implemented.
  • the stator winding 51 and the stator core 52 are molded with a molding material to suppress the positional deviation of the stator winding 51 in the stator 50 (see FIG. 11). ).
  • the stator winding 51 and the stator core 52 are molded with a molding material to suppress the positional deviation of the stator winding 51 in the stator 50 (see FIG. 11).
  • the stator winding 51 since there is no inter-conductor member (teeth) between each conductor group 81 in the circumferential direction of the stator winding 51, there is a risk of misalignment of the stator winding 51.
  • the displacement of the conductor wire position of the stator winding 51 is suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the distortion of the magnetic flux due to the positional deviation of the stator winding 51 and the occurrence of electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 21 and 22 due to the distortion.
  • the unit base 61 as a housing member for fixing the stator core 52 is made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), discharge to the unit base 61 is suppressed as compared with the case of being made of, for example, aluminum, As a result, it is possible to take suitable measures against electrolytic corrosion.
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • the magnet unit 42 is configured using a magnet array called Halbach array. That is, the magnet unit 42 has a first magnet 131 having a magnetization direction (direction of the magnetization vector) as a radial direction and a second magnet 132 having a magnetization direction (direction of the magnetization vector) as a circumferential direction, The first magnets 131 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and the second magnets 132 are arranged at positions between adjacent first magnets 131 in the circumferential direction.
  • the 1st magnet 131 and the 2nd magnet 132 are permanent magnets which consist of rare earth magnets, such as a neodymium magnet, for example.
  • the first magnets 131 are circumferentially spaced from each other such that the poles on the side facing the stator 50 (inward in the radial direction) are alternately N poles and S poles.
  • the second magnets 132 are arranged next to the first magnets 131 so that the polarities alternate in the circumferential direction.
  • the cylindrical portion 43 provided so as to surround each of the magnets 131 and 132 is preferably a soft magnetic material core made of a soft magnetic material and functions as a back core.
  • the magnet unit 42 of the second embodiment also has the same relationship of the easy axis of magnetization with the d-axis and the q-axis in the dq coordinate system as in the first embodiment.
  • a magnetic body 133 made of a soft magnetic material is arranged on the radially outer side of the first magnet 131, that is, on the side of the cylindrical portion 43 of the magnet holder 41.
  • the magnetic body 133 may be made of an electromagnetic steel plate, soft iron, or a dust core material.
  • the circumferential length of the magnetic body 133 is the same as the circumferential length of the first magnet 131 (in particular, the circumferential length of the outer peripheral portion of the first magnet 131).
  • the radial thickness of the first magnet 131 and the magnetic body 133 in the integrated state is the same as the radial thickness of the second magnet 132.
  • the first magnet 131 is thinner than the second magnet 132 in the radial direction by the amount of the magnetic body 133.
  • the magnets 131 and 132 and the magnetic body 133 are fixed to each other with an adhesive, for example.
  • the outer side in the radial direction of the first magnet 131 is the side opposite to the stator 50, and the magnetic body 133 is on the opposite side (counter side) to the stator 50 on both sides of the first magnet 131 in the radial direction. It is provided on the stator side).
  • a key 134 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the magnetic body 133 as a convex portion that protrudes outward in the radial direction, that is, toward the cylindrical portion 43 side of the magnet holder 41. Further, a key groove 135 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 43 as a recess for accommodating the key 134 of the magnetic body 133.
  • the protruding shape of the key 134 and the groove shape of the key groove 135 are the same, and the same number of key grooves 135 as the keys 134 are formed corresponding to the keys 134 formed on each magnetic body 133.
  • the key 134 and the key groove 135 may be provided on either the cylindrical portion 43 of the magnet holder 41 or the magnetic body 133, and conversely to the above, on the outer peripheral portion of the magnetic body 133. It is possible to provide the key groove 135 and the key 134 on the inner peripheral portion of the cylindrical portion 43 of the magnet holder 41.
  • the magnetic flux density in the first magnet 131 can be increased by alternately arranging the first magnets 131 and the second magnets 132. Therefore, in the magnet unit 42, the magnetic flux can be concentrated on one side, and the magnetic flux can be strengthened on the side closer to the stator 50.
  • the magnetic body 133 on the outer side in the radial direction of the first magnet 131, that is, on the side opposite to the stator, it is possible to suppress partial magnetic saturation on the outer side in the radial direction of the first magnet 131, which in turn causes the magnetic saturation. It is possible to suppress demagnetization of the first magnet 131 that occurs as a result. As a result, it is possible to increase the magnetic force of the magnet unit 42 as a result.
  • the magnet unit 42 of the present embodiment has, so to speak, a configuration in which a portion of the first magnet 131 where demagnetization is likely to occur is replaced with the magnetic body 133.
  • 24A and 24B are diagrams specifically showing the flow of magnetic flux in the magnet unit 42, and FIG. 24A shows a conventional configuration in which the magnetic body 133 is not provided in the magnet unit 42. 24B shows a case where the configuration of the present embodiment in which the magnet unit 42 has the magnetic body 133 is used. 24(a) and 24(b), the cylindrical portion 43 of the magnet holder 41 and the magnet unit 42 are shown in a linearly developed manner, with the lower side of the figure being the stator side and the upper side being the anti-stator. It is on the side.
  • the magnetic flux acting surface of the first magnet 131 and the side surface of the second magnet 132 are in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 43, respectively. Further, the magnetic flux acting surface of the second magnet 132 is in contact with the side surface of the first magnet 131.
  • a synthetic magnetic flux with the attractive magnetic flux is generated. Therefore, in the cylindrical portion 43, there is a concern that magnetic saturation partially occurs near the contact surface between the first magnet 131 and the second magnet 132.
  • the magnetic body 133 is provided between the magnetic flux acting surface of the first magnet 131 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 43 on the side opposite to the stator 50 of the first magnet 131. Since it is provided, the magnetic body 133 allows passage of magnetic flux. Therefore, magnetic saturation in the cylindrical portion 43 can be suppressed, and the proof stress against demagnetization is improved.
  • the magnet magnetic path that runs inside the magnet becomes longer. Therefore, the magnet permeance can be increased, the magnetic force can be increased, and the torque can be increased. Furthermore, since the magnetic flux concentrates at the center of the d-axis, the sine wave matching rate can be increased. In particular, if the current waveform is a sine wave or a trapezoidal wave by PWM control, or if a 120-degree energized switching IC is used, the torque can be enhanced more effectively.
  • the radial thickness of the stator core 52 is preferably 1/2 or more than 1/2 of the radial thickness of the magnet unit 42.
  • the radial thickness of the stator core 52 may be 1/2 or more of the radial thickness of the first magnet 131 provided at the magnetic pole center of the magnet unit 42.
  • the radial thickness of the stator core 52 is preferably smaller than the radial thickness of the magnet unit 42.
  • the magnetic flux of the magnet is about 1 [T]
  • the saturation magnetic flux density of the stator core 52 is 2 [T]. Therefore, the radial thickness of the stator core 52 is equal to the radial thickness of the magnet unit 42.
  • the magnetic flux leakage to the inner peripheral side of the stator core 52 can be prevented by setting the ratio to 1/2 or more.
  • the magnetic path is a pseudo arc, so that the magnetic flux can be increased in proportion to the thickness of the magnet that handles the magnetic flux in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic flux flowing in the stator core 52 does not exceed the magnetic flux in the circumferential direction. That is, when using an iron-based metal having a saturation magnetic flux density of 2 [T] with respect to the magnetic flux of 1 [T] of the magnet, if the thickness of the stator core 52 is set to be at least half the magnet thickness, magnetic saturation does not occur, which is preferable It is possible to provide a small and lightweight rotating electric machine.
  • the demagnetizing field from the stator 50 acts on the magnet magnetic flux, the magnet magnetic flux is generally 0.9 [T] or less. Therefore, if the stator core has half the thickness of the magnet, its magnetic permeability can be suitably kept high.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 52 is formed into a curved surface having no irregularities, and the plurality of conductor wire groups 81 are arranged side by side on the outer peripheral surface at predetermined intervals, but this may be changed.
  • the stator core 52 includes an annular yoke 141 provided on the opposite side of the stator winding 51 in the radial direction from the rotor 40 (lower side in the figure). From the yoke 141, there is a protrusion 142 that extends so as to protrude between the linear portions 83 that are adjacent in the circumferential direction.
  • the protrusions 142 are provided radially outward of the yoke 141, that is, on the rotor 40 side at predetermined intervals.
  • Each conductor wire group 81 of the stator winding 51 is engaged with the protrusion 142 in the circumferential direction, and is arranged side by side in the circumferential direction while using the protrusion 142 as a positioning portion of the conductor wire group 81.
  • the protrusion 142 corresponds to the “inter-conductor member”.
  • the protrusion 142 extends from the inner side surface 320 of the linear portion 83 adjacent to the yoke 141 to the protrusion 142.
  • the distance W to the apex is smaller than 1/2 (H1 in the drawing) of the radial thickness dimension of the linear portion 83 that is adjacent to the yoke 141 in the radial direction, among the linear portions 83 in the plurality of layers inside and outside the radial direction. It is composed.
  • the dimension (thickness) T1 (twice the thickness of the conductor wire 82) of the conductor wire group 81 (conductive member) in the radial direction of the stator winding 51 (stator core 52), in other words, the stator core of the conductor wire group 81. It is sufficient that the nonmagnetic member (sealing member 57) occupies a range of 3/4 of the shortest distance between the surface 320 in contact with 52 and the surface 330 of the conductor wire group 81 facing the rotor 40.
  • the protrusions 142 do not function as teeth between the conductor wire groups 81 (that is, the straight portions 83) adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic path is not formed by the teeth. ..
  • the protrusions 142 may not be provided all between the conductor groups 81 arranged in the circumferential direction, but may be provided between at least one conductor group 81 adjacent in the circumferential direction.
  • the protrusions 142 may be provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction for each predetermined number of the conductor wire groups 81.
  • the shape of the protrusion 142 may be an arbitrary shape such as a rectangular shape or an arc shape.
  • the linear portion 83 may be provided as a single layer on the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 52. Therefore, in a broad sense, the radial thickness of the protrusion 142 from the yoke 141 may be smaller than 1/2 of the radial thickness of the straight portion 83.
  • the protrusion 142 is within the range of the virtual circle. It is preferable to have a shape that projects from the yoke 141, in other words, a shape that does not project radially outward (that is, the rotor 40 side) from the virtual circle.
  • the thickness of the protrusion 142 in the radial direction is limited, and the protrusion 142 does not function as a tooth between the linear portions 83 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. It is possible to bring the adjacent straight line portions 83 closer to each other as compared with the case where is provided. As a result, the cross-sectional area of the conductor 82a can be increased, and heat generation due to energization of the stator winding 51 can be reduced. With such a configuration, it is possible to eliminate magnetic saturation due to the absence of teeth, and it is possible to increase the energization current to the stator winding 51.
  • the turn portion 84 has the interference avoiding portion that is shifted in the radial direction and avoids interference with other turn portions 84, the different turn portions 84 are separated from each other in the radial direction. Can be placed. As a result, the heat dissipation of the turn portion 84 can be improved. As described above, the heat dissipation performance of the stator 50 can be optimized.
  • the radial thickness of the protrusion 142 is as shown in FIG. It is not bound to H1 of. Specifically, if the yoke 141 and the magnet unit 42 are separated by 2 mm or more, the radial thickness of the protrusion 142 may be H1 or more in FIG.
  • the linear portion 83 when the radial thickness of the linear portion 83 exceeds 2 mm and the conductor wire group 81 is composed of the two conductor wires 82 inside and outside the radial direction, the linear portion 83 not adjacent to the yoke 141, That is, the protrusion 142 may be provided in a range from the yoke 141 to a half position of the conductor wire 82 of the second layer.
  • the radial thickness of the protrusion 142 is up to “H1 ⁇ 3/2”, the effect can be obtained to a considerable extent by increasing the conductor cross-sectional area in the conductor wire group 81.
  • stator core 52 may have the configuration shown in FIG. Although the sealing member 57 is omitted in FIG. 26, the sealing member 57 may be provided. In FIG. 26, for convenience, the magnet unit 42 and the stator core 52 are linearly expanded and shown.
  • the stator 50 has the protrusions 142 as inter-conductor members between the conductors 82 (that is, the straight portions 83) adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator winding 51 When the stator winding 51 is energized, the stator 50 magnetically functions with one of the magnetic poles (N pole or S pole) of the magnet unit 42, and forms a portion 350 extending in the circumferential direction of the stator 50.
  • the length of the portion 350 in the circumferential direction of the stator 50 is Wn
  • the total width of the protrusions 142 existing in this length range Wn that is, the total dimension of the stator 50 in the circumferential direction).
  • the saturation magnetic flux density of the protrusion 142 is Bs
  • the circumferential width dimension of one pole of the magnet unit 42 is Wm
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet unit 42 is Br
  • the protrusion 142 is Wt ⁇ Bs ⁇ Wm ⁇ Br (1) It is made of a magnetic material.
  • the range Wn is set so as to include a plurality of conductor wire groups 81 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and a plurality of conductor wire groups 81 whose excitation timings overlap. At that time, it is preferable to set the center of the gap 56 of the conductor wire group 81 as a reference (boundary) when setting the range Wn. For example, in the case of the configuration illustrated in FIG. 26, the fourth to the fourth conductor wire group 81 in the circumferential direction from the shortest distance from the magnetic pole center of the N pole corresponds to the plurality of conductor wire groups 81. Then, the range Wn is set so as to include the four conducting wire groups 81. At that time, the ends (starting point and ending point) of the range Wn are the centers of the gaps 56.
  • the three-phase winding of the stator winding 51 is a distributed winding, and in the stator winding 51, one pole of the magnet unit 42 has the number of protrusions 142, that is, The number of gaps 56 between the lead wire groups 81 is “the number of phases ⁇ Q”.
  • Q is the number of one-phase conductors 82 in contact with the stator core 52.
  • the total width Wt is defined in this way, and then the protrusion 142 of the stator core 52 is made of a magnetic material that satisfies the relationship (1).
  • the distributed winding referred to here is one pole pair period (N pole and S pole) of the magnetic pole, and there is one pole pair of the stator winding 51.
  • the one pole pair of the stator winding 51 mentioned here is composed of two straight portions 83 and a turn portion 84 in which currents flow in mutually opposite directions and are electrically connected by the turn portion 84.
  • Short Pitch Winding is considered to be the equivalent of distributed winding of Full Pitch Winding.
  • the width of one pole pair of magnetic poles is different from the width of one pole pair of the stator winding 51.
  • one conductor pair 81 has three magnetic pole pairs
  • two conductor pairs 81 has three conductor pairs 81
  • four conductor pairs have nine conductor groups 81 with five pole pairs.
  • the stator windings 51 are concentrated windings
  • the stator windings 51 for two phases are excited.
  • the protrusions 142 for the two phases are excited. Therefore, the width Wt in the circumferential direction of the protrusion 142 excited by the energization of the stator winding 51 in the range of one pole of the magnet unit 42 is “A ⁇ 2”. Then, the width dimension Wt is defined in this way, and the protrusion 142 is formed as a magnetic material that satisfies the relationship of (1).
  • the total width of the protrusions 142 in the circumferential direction of the stator 50 in the region surrounded by the same-phase conductor wire group 81 is A.
  • Wm in the concentrated winding corresponds to “entire circumference of the surface of the magnet unit 42 facing the air gap” ⁇ “number of phases” ⁇ “dispersion number of the conductor wire group 81”.
  • the protrusion 142 in the stator core 52 may be any magnetic material that satisfies the relationship of Wt ⁇ 1/2 ⁇ Wm.
  • the conductive wire 82 when the conductive wire 82 includes the outer layer coating 182, the conductive wire 82 may be arranged in the circumferential direction of the stator core 52 so that the outer coating films 182 of the conductive wires 82 come into contact with each other.
  • Wt can be regarded as 0 or the thickness of the outer coating film 182 of both conducting wires 82 in contact with each other.
  • the 25 and 26 are configured to have inter-conductor members (projections 142) that are disproportionately small with respect to the magnet magnetic flux on the rotor 40 side.
  • the rotor 40 is a flat surface magnet type rotor having a low inductance and a flat surface, and does not have saliency in terms of magnetic resistance. With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the inductance of the stator 50, suppress the occurrence of magnetic flux distortion due to the deviation of the switching timing of the stator winding 51, and thus suppress the electrolytic corrosion of the bearings 21 and 22. ..
  • a tooth portion 143 is provided as an inter-conductor member on the outer peripheral surface side (upper surface side in the drawing) of the stator core 52.
  • the tooth portions 143 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction so as to project from the yoke 141, and have the same thickness dimension as the conductor wire group 81 in the radial direction.
  • the side surface of the toothed portion 143 is in contact with each conductor wire 82 of the conductor wire group 81. However, there may be a gap between the tooth-shaped portion 143 and each conductive wire 82.
  • the tooth-shaped portion 143 has a limited width in the circumferential direction, and has pole teeth (stator teeth) that are disproportionately thin with respect to the amount of magnets. With such a configuration, the tooth portion 143 is reliably saturated by the magnetic flux of the magnet at 1.8 T or more, and the permeance is reduced, so that the inductance can be reduced.
  • the magnetic flux on the magnet unit side is, for example, “Sm ⁇ Br”.
  • the surface area of each tooth portion 143 on the rotor side is St and the number of conductor wires 82 per phase is m
  • energization of the stator winding 51 excites the tooth portions 143 for two phases in one pole. If so, the magnetic flux on the stator side is, for example, “St ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ Bs”. in this case, St ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ Bs ⁇ Sm ⁇ Br (2)
  • the inductance is reduced by limiting the size of the toothed portion 143 so that the relationship is established.
  • the circumferential width dimension of one pole of the magnet unit 42 is Wm
  • the toothwise portion 143 circumferential width dimension is Wst.
  • the above equation (2) can be replaced by the equation (3).
  • the inter-conductor member (tooth-shaped portion 143) is disproportionately small with respect to the magnet magnetic flux on the rotor 40 side.
  • the sealing member 57 that covers the stator winding 51 is in a range including all the conductor wire groups 81 on the outer side in the radial direction of the stator core 52, that is, the radial thickness dimension is the diameter of each conductor wire group 81.
  • the structure is provided in the range in which the thickness is larger than the thickness in the direction, this may be changed.
  • the sealing member 57 may be provided so that a part of the conductor wire 82 protrudes.
  • the sealing member 57 is provided such that a part of the conductor wire 82, which is the radially outermost portion of the conductor wire group 81, is exposed to the radially outer side, that is, the stator 50 side.
  • the radial thickness of the sealing member 57 is preferably the same as or smaller than the radial thickness of each conductor wire group 81.
  • each conductor wire group 81 may not be sealed by the sealing member 57. That is, the sealing member 57 that covers the stator winding 51 is not used.
  • the inter-conductor members are not provided between the conductor groups 81 arranged in the circumferential direction, so that there is a gap.
  • the inter-conductor member of the stator 50 is made of a non-magnetic material
  • a material other than resin can be used as the non-magnetic material.
  • a metallic non-magnetic material such as SUS304 which is austenitic stainless steel may be used.
  • the stator 50 may not have the stator core 52.
  • the stator 50 is composed of the stator winding 51 shown in FIG.
  • the stator winding 51 may be sealed with a sealing material.
  • the stator 50 may include an annular winding holder made of a non-magnetic material such as synthetic resin, instead of the stator core 52 made of a soft magnetic material.
  • the magnet unit 42 of the rotor 40 is configured to use a plurality of magnets 91 and 92 arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnet unit 42 is an annular permanent magnet.
  • a configuration using a magnet may be used.
  • an annular magnet 95 is fixed inside the cylindrical portion 43 of the magnet holder 41 in the radial direction.
  • the annular magnet 95 is provided with a plurality of magnetic poles whose polarities alternate in the circumferential direction, and the magnets are integrally formed on both the d-axis and the q-axis.
  • the annular magnet 95 is formed with an arc-shaped magnet magnetic path in which the orientation of the magnetic poles in the d-axis is the radial direction and the orientation of the q-axis between the magnetic poles is the circumferential direction.
  • the easy magnetization axis is parallel to or close to the d axis in the portion near the d axis, and the easy magnetization axis is orthogonal to the q axis or in the q axis in the portion near the q axis. It suffices that the orientation is such that an arc-shaped magnet magnetic path that is oriented almost orthogonally is formed.
  • Modification 8 In this modification, a part of the control method of the control device 110 is changed. In this modification, differences from the configuration described in the first embodiment will be mainly described.
  • the operation signal generation unit 116 includes a carrier generation unit 116a and U, V, W phase comparators 116bU, 116bV, 116bW.
  • the carrier generation unit 116a generates and outputs a triangular wave signal as the carrier signal SigC.
  • the carrier signal SigC generated by the carrier generation unit 116a and the U, V, W phase command voltages calculated by the three-phase conversion unit 115 are input to the U, V, W phase comparators 116bU, 116bV, 116bW. It
  • the U-, V-, and W-phase command voltages have, for example, sinusoidal waveforms, and their phases are shifted by 120° in terms of electrical angle.
  • the U, V, W phase comparators 116bU, 116bV, 116bW perform U (PWM: pulse width modulation) control based on the magnitude comparison of the U, V, W phase command voltages and the carrier signal SigC, and thereby the U in the first inverter 101.
  • V, W phase upper and lower arm switches Sp, Sn operation signals are generated.
  • the operation signal generation unit 116 performs PWM control based on the magnitude comparison between the signal obtained by normalizing the U, V, and W phase command voltages with the power supply voltage and the carrier signal to perform each of the U, V, and W phases.
  • An operation signal for the switches Sp and Sn is generated.
  • the driver 117 turns on/off each of the U-, V-, and W-phase switches Sp and Sn in the first inverter 101 based on the operation signal generated by the operation signal generation unit 116.
  • the control device 110 performs a process of changing the carrier frequency fc of the carrier signal SigC, that is, the switching frequency of each of the switches Sp and Sn.
  • the carrier frequency fc is set high in the low torque region or high rotation region of the rotary electric machine 10 and set low in the high torque region of the rotary electric machine 10. This setting is performed in order to suppress deterioration in controllability of the current flowing through each phase winding.
  • the inductance of the stator 50 can be reduced.
  • the electric time constant of the rotary electric machine 10 decreases.
  • the ripple of the current flowing through each phase winding increases, the controllability of the current flowing through the winding decreases, and the current control may diverge.
  • the influence of the deterioration of the controllability can be more remarkable when the current flowing in the winding (for example, the effective value of the current) is included in the low current region than in the high current region.
  • the control device 110 changes the carrier frequency fc in this modification.
  • the process of changing the carrier frequency fc will be described with reference to FIG. This process is repeatedly executed by the control device 110, for example, in a predetermined control cycle as the process of the operation signal generation unit 116.
  • step S10 it is determined whether or not the current flowing through the winding 51a of each phase is included in the low current region.
  • This process is a process for determining that the current torque of the rotary electric machine 10 is in the low torque region.
  • the following first and second methods can be given as examples of the method of determining whether or not they are included in the low current region.
  • the estimated torque value of the rotary electric machine 10 is calculated.
  • the torque threshold may be set to, for example, 1/2 of the starting torque (also referred to as the restraint torque) of the rotary electric machine 10.
  • the speed threshold may be set to, for example, the rotation speed when the maximum torque of the rotary electric machine 10 becomes the torque threshold.
  • step S10 If a negative decision is made in step S10, it is decided that the current is in the high current region, and the process proceeds to step S11.
  • step S11 the carrier frequency fc is set to the first frequency fL.
  • step S10 If the affirmative determination is made in step S10, the process proceeds to step S12, and the carrier frequency fc is set to the second frequency fH higher than the first frequency fL.
  • the carrier frequency fc is set higher when the current flowing through each phase winding is included in the low current region than when it is included in the high current region. Therefore, in the low current region, the switching frequencies of the switches Sp and Sn can be increased, and the increase of current ripple can be suppressed. As a result, a decrease in current controllability can be suppressed.
  • the carrier frequency fc when the current flowing through each phase winding is included in the high current region, the carrier frequency fc is set lower than when it is included in the low current region.
  • the amplitude of the current flowing through the winding is larger than that in the low current region, so that the increase in the current ripple due to the reduced inductance has less effect on the current controllability. Therefore, in the high current region, the carrier frequency fc can be set lower than in the low current region, and the switching loss of each inverter 101, 102 can be reduced.
  • the carrier frequency fc is set to the first frequency fL and the affirmative determination is made in step S10 of FIG. 32, the carrier frequency fc is gradually changed from the first frequency fL to the second frequency fH. Good.
  • the carrier frequency fc when the carrier frequency fc is set to the second frequency fH and the negative determination is made in step S10, the carrier frequency fc may be gradually changed from the second frequency fH to the first frequency fL. ..
  • the switch operation signal may be generated by space vector modulation (SVM) control. Even in this case, the change of the switching frequency described above can be applied.
  • SVM space vector modulation
  • FIG. 33A is a diagram showing the electrical connection between the first and second conductors 88a and 88b, which are two pairs of conductors.
  • the first and second conducting wires 88a, 88b may be connected in series.
  • FIG. 34 shows a configuration in which four pairs of first to fourth conductors 88a to 88d, which are conductors, are stacked.
  • the first to fourth conductive wires 88a to 88d are arranged in the radial direction in the order of the first, second, third and fourth conductive wires 88a, 88b, 88c, 88d from the side closer to the stator core 52. ..
  • the third and fourth conductors 88c and 88d are connected in parallel, the first conductor 88a is connected to one end of the parallel connection body, and the second conductor is connected to the other end. 88b may be connected.
  • the parallel connection can reduce the current density of the conductors connected in parallel, and suppress the heat generation during energization. Therefore, in the configuration in which the cylindrical stator winding is assembled to the housing (unit base 61) in which the cooling water passage 74 is formed, the first and second conductive wires 88a and 88b that are not connected in parallel contact the unit base 61.
  • the third and fourth conducting wires 88c and 88d which are arranged on the side of the stator core 52 and connected in parallel, are arranged on the side opposite to the stator core. This makes it possible to equalize the cooling performance of the conductors 88a to 88d in the multilayer conductor structure.
  • the radial thickness of the conductor wire group 81 including the first to fourth conductor wires 88a to 88d may be smaller than the circumferential width dimension of one phase in one magnetic pole.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 may have an inner rotor structure (inner rotation structure).
  • the stator 50 may be provided on the radially outer side and the rotor 40 may be provided on the radially inner side.
  • the inverter unit 60 may be provided on one side or both sides of both axial ends of the stator 50 and the rotor 40.
  • 35 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor 40 and the stator 50
  • FIG. 36 is an enlarged view of a part of the rotor 40 and the stator 50 shown in FIG.
  • FIGS. 35 and 36 which are based on the inner rotor structure, are that the rotor 40 and the stator 50 are reversed inward and outward in the radial direction, compared to the configurations of FIGS. 8 and 9 based on the outer rotor structure. It has the same configuration except.
  • the stator 50 has a stator winding 51 having a flat conductor structure and a stator core 52 having no teeth.
  • the stator winding 51 is assembled inside the stator core 52 in the radial direction.
  • the stator core 52 has one of the following configurations, as in the case of the outer rotor structure.
  • an inter-conductor member is provided between each conductor portion in the circumferential direction, and as the inter-conductor member, the circumferential width dimension of the inter-conductor member in one magnetic pole is Wt, and the inter-conductor member is saturated.
  • the magnetic flux density is Bs
  • the circumferential width of the magnet unit in one magnetic pole is Wm
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet unit is Br
  • a magnetic material having a relationship of Wt ⁇ Bs ⁇ Wm ⁇ Br is used.
  • an inter-conductor member is provided between the conductor portions in the circumferential direction, and a non-magnetic material is used as the inter-conductor member.
  • the inter-conductor member is not provided between the conductor portions in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnets 91 and 92 of the magnet unit 42 are oriented so that the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis on the side of the d-axis, which is the center of the magnetic pole, as compared to the side of the q-axis, which is the magnetic pole boundary. It is configured using. Details of the magnetization directions and the like of the magnets 91 and 92 are as described above. It is also possible to use an annular magnet 95 (see FIG. 30) in the magnet unit 42.
  • FIG. 37 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the rotary electric machine 10 in the case of the inner rotor type, which corresponds to the above-described FIG. 2. Differences from the configuration of FIG. 2 will be briefly described.
  • an annular stator 50 is fixed inside the housing 30, and a rotor 40 is rotatably provided inside the stator 50 with a predetermined air gap interposed therebetween.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 are arranged so as to be biased to one side in the axial direction with respect to the axial center of the rotor 40, whereby the rotor 40 is supported in a cantilever manner.
  • the inverter unit 60 is provided inside the magnet holder 41 of the rotor 40.
  • FIG. 38 shows another configuration of the rotary electric machine 10 having an inner rotor structure.
  • the rotating shaft 11 is rotatably supported by the bearings 21 and 22 in the housing 30, and the rotor 40 is fixed to the rotating shaft 11.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 are arranged so as to be deviated to one side in the axial direction with respect to the axial center of the rotor 40.
  • the rotor 40 has a magnet holder 41 and a magnet unit 42.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 shown in FIG. 38 is different from the rotating electric machine 10 shown in FIG. 37 in that the rotor unit 40 is not provided with the inverter unit 60 inside in the radial direction.
  • the magnet holder 41 is connected to the rotating shaft 11 at a position on the inner side in the radial direction of the magnet unit 42.
  • the stator 50 has a stator winding 51 and a stator core 52, and is attached to the housing 30.
  • FIG. 39 is an exploded perspective view of the rotary electric machine 200
  • FIG. 40 is a side sectional view of the rotary electric machine 200. Note that, here, the vertical direction is shown based on the states of FIGS. 39 and 40.
  • the rotary electric machine 200 includes a stator 203 having an annular stator core 201 and a multi-phase stator winding 202, and is rotatably arranged inside the stator core 201. And a rotor 204.
  • the stator 203 corresponds to an armature
  • the rotor 204 corresponds to a field element.
  • the stator core 201 is configured by laminating a large number of silicon steel plates, and the stator winding 202 is attached to the stator core 201.
  • the rotor 204 has a rotor core and a plurality of permanent magnets as a magnet unit.
  • the rotor core is provided with a plurality of magnet insertion holes at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • a permanent magnet magnetized so that the magnetization direction is alternately changed for each adjacent magnetic pole is mounted.
  • the permanent magnet of the magnet unit may have the Halbach array as described in FIG. 23 or a similar structure.
  • the permanent magnet of the magnet unit is a pole whose orientation direction (magnetization direction) extends in an arc shape between the d axis that is the magnetic pole center and the q axis that is the magnetic pole boundary as described in FIG. 9 and FIG. It is preferable to have an anisotropic characteristic.
  • the stator 203 may have any one of the following configurations.
  • an inter-conductor member is provided between the conductor portions in the circumferential direction, and as the inter-conductor member, the circumferential width dimension of the inter-conductor member in one magnetic pole is Wt, and the inter-conductor member is saturated.
  • the magnetic flux density is Bs
  • the circumferential width of the magnet unit in one magnetic pole is Wm
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet unit is Br
  • a magnetic material having a relationship of Wt ⁇ Bs ⁇ Wm ⁇ Br is used.
  • an inter-conductor member is provided between the conductor portions in the circumferential direction, and a non-magnetic material is used as the inter-conductor member.
  • the inter-conductor members are not provided between the conductor portions in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnet unit is oriented so that the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis on the side of the d-axis that is the center of the magnetic pole, compared to the side of the q-axis that is the magnetic pole boundary. It is composed of a plurality of magnets.
  • An annular inverter case 211 is provided on one end side of the rotating electric machine 200 in the axial direction.
  • the inverter case 211 is arranged such that the lower surface of the case is in contact with the upper surface of the stator core 201.
  • a plurality of power modules 212 that form an inverter circuit, a smoothing capacitor 213 that suppresses pulsation (ripple) of voltage/current generated by a switching operation of a semiconductor switching element, and a control board 214 having a control unit.
  • a current sensor 215 for detecting a phase current and a resolver stator 216 which is a rotation speed sensor of the rotor 204 are provided.
  • the power module 212 has an IGBT or a diode which is a semiconductor switching element.
  • a power connector 217 connected to a DC circuit of a battery mounted on the vehicle, and a signal connector 218 used for passing various signals between the rotating electric machine 200 side and the vehicle side control device. Is provided.
  • the inverter case 211 is covered with a top cover 219. DC power from the vehicle-mounted battery is input through the power connector 217, converted into AC by the switching of the power module 212, and sent to the stator winding 202 of each phase.
  • a bearing unit 221 that rotatably holds the rotating shaft of the rotor 204 and an annular rear case 222 that accommodates the bearing unit 221 are provided on opposite sides of the inverter case 211 on both axial sides of the stator core 201. It is provided.
  • the bearing unit 221 has, for example, a pair of bearings, and is arranged so as to be biased to either one side in the axial direction with respect to the axial center of the rotor 204.
  • a configuration may be adopted in which a plurality of bearings in the bearing unit 221 are dispersedly provided on both sides in the axial direction of the stator core 201, and the rotary shaft is supported on both sides by these bearings.
  • the rotary case 200 is attached to the vehicle side by fastening the rear case 222 to a mounting portion such as a gear case or a transmission of the vehicle by bolting.
  • a cooling flow path 211a for flowing a refrigerant is formed inside the inverter case 211.
  • the cooling flow path 211a is formed by closing a space, which is annularly recessed from the lower surface of the inverter case 211, with the upper surface of the stator core 201.
  • the cooling flow path 211a is formed so as to surround the coil end of the stator winding 202.
  • the module case 212a of the power module 212 is inserted in the cooling flow path 211a.
  • a cooling passage 222a is also formed in the rear case 222 so as to surround the coil end of the stator winding 202.
  • the cooling channel 222 a is formed by closing a space, which is annularly recessed from the upper surface of the rear case 222, with the lower surface of the stator core 201.
  • FIG. 41 shows the configuration of a rotary armature-type rotary electric machine 230.
  • bearings 232 are fixed to the housings 231a and 231b, respectively, and the rotary shaft 233 is rotatably supported by the bearings 232.
  • the bearing 232 is, for example, an oil-impregnated bearing made of porous metal containing oil.
  • a rotor 234 as an armature is fixed to the rotary shaft 233.
  • the rotor 234 has a rotor core 235 and a multi-phase rotor winding 236 fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the rotor core 235.
  • the rotor core 235 has a slotless structure and the rotor winding 236 has a flat conductor wire structure. That is, the rotor winding 236 has a flat structure in which the region for each phase is longer in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction.
  • a stator 237 as a field element is provided outside the rotor 234 in the radial direction.
  • the stator 237 has a stator core 238 fixed to the housing 231a and a magnet unit 239 fixed to the inner peripheral side of the stator core 238.
  • the magnet unit 239 is configured to include a plurality of magnetic poles whose polarities alternate in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnet unit 239 has a magnetic pole boundary q on the d-axis side, which is the magnetic pole center.
  • the orientation is made such that the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis as compared to the side of the axis.
  • the magnet unit 239 has an oriented sintered neodymium magnet, and its intrinsic coercive force is 400 [kA/m] or more and the residual magnetic flux density is 1.0 [T] or more.
  • the rotary electric machine 230 of this example is a two-pole, three-coil brushed coreless motor, the rotor winding 236 is divided into three, and the magnet unit 239 has two poles.
  • the number of poles and the number of coils of the brushed motor are various such as 2:3, 4:10, and 4:21 depending on the application.
  • a commutator 241 is fixed to the rotating shaft 233, and a plurality of brushes 242 are arranged radially outside thereof.
  • the commutator 241 is electrically connected to the rotor winding 236 via a conductor wire 243 embedded in the rotating shaft 233.
  • a direct current flows in and out of the rotor winding 236 through the commutator 241, the brush 242, and the conductor wire 243.
  • the commutator 241 is appropriately divided in the circumferential direction according to the number of phases of the rotor winding 236.
  • the brush 242 may be directly connected to a DC power source such as a storage battery via electric wiring, or may be connected to a DC power source via a terminal block or the like.
  • the rotating shaft 233 is provided with a resin washer 244 as a sealing material between the bearing 232 and the commutator 241.
  • the resin washer 244 suppresses the oil exuding from the bearing 232, which is an oil-impregnated bearing, from flowing out to the commutator 241 side.
  • each conductive wire 82 may have a plurality of insulating coatings inside and outside.
  • a plurality of conducting wires (element wires) with an insulating coating may be bundled into one and covered with an outer layer coating to form the conducting wire 82.
  • the insulating coating of the strands constitutes the inner insulating coating
  • the outer coating constitutes the outer insulating coating.
  • the insulating ability of the outer insulating coating of the plurality of insulating coatings of the conductor wire 82 is higher than that of the inner insulating coating.
  • the thickness of the outer insulating coating is made thicker than the thickness of the inner insulating coating.
  • the thickness of the outer insulating coating is 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the inner insulating coating is 40 ⁇ m.
  • a material having a lower dielectric constant than the inner insulating film may be used as the outer insulating film. At least one of these may be applied.
  • the strands of wire may be formed as an aggregate of a plurality of conductive materials.
  • the rotating electric machine 10 can be appropriately driven even in a high place where the atmospheric pressure is low.
  • the conducting wire 82 includes a plurality (four in the drawing) of the element wires 181, an outer layer coating 182 (outer insulating coating) made of, for example, resin surrounding the plurality of element wires 181, and each element in the outer layer coating 182. And an intermediate layer 183 (intermediate insulating coating) filled around the line 181.
  • the strand 181 has a conductive portion 181a made of a copper material and a conductor coating 181b (an inner insulating coating) made of an insulating material.
  • the outer layer coating 182 provides insulation between the phases.
  • the strand 181 may be configured as an aggregate of a plurality of conductive materials.
  • the intermediate layer 183 has a higher linear expansion coefficient than the conductor coating 181b of the strand 181 and a lower linear expansion coefficient than the outer coating 182. That is, in the conductive wire 82, the coefficient of linear expansion increases toward the outside. Generally, the outer layer coating 182 has a higher linear expansion coefficient than the conductor coating 181b. However, by providing the intermediate layer 183 having a linear expansion coefficient between them, the intermediate layer 183 functions as a cushioning material. Simultaneous cracking on the outer layer side and the inner layer side can be prevented.
  • the conductive portion 181a and the conductor coating 181b are adhered to each other on the element wire 181, the conductor coating 181b and the intermediate layer 183 are adhered to each other, and the intermediate layer 183 and the outer layer coating 182 are adhered to each other.
  • the outer side of the conductor wire 82 has a weaker adhesive strength. That is, the adhesive strength between the conductive portion 181a and the conductor coating 181b is weaker than the adhesive strength between the conductor coating 181b and the intermediate layer 183 and the adhesive strength between the intermediate layer 183 and the outer coating 182.
  • the adhesive strengths of the conductor coating 181b and the intermediate layer 183 are weaker or equivalent. It should be noted that the magnitude of the adhesive strength between the coatings can be grasped, for example, by the tensile strength required for peeling the two coating layers apart.
  • the heat generation and the temperature change of the rotating electric machine mainly occur as a copper loss generated from the conductive portion 181a of the wire 181 and an iron loss generated from the inside of the iron core. Is transmitted from the outside of the conductive portion 181a or the conductive wire 82, and the intermediate layer 183 does not have a heat source. In this case, since the intermediate layer 183 has an adhesive force capable of serving as a cushion for both, the simultaneous cracking can be prevented. Therefore, it can be suitably used even in the field of high withstand voltage or large temperature change such as vehicle application.
  • the wire 181 may be, for example, an enamel wire, and in such a case, has a resin coating layer (conductor coating 181b) such as PA, PI, PAI. Further, it is desirable that the outer layer coating 182 outside the wire 181 is made of the same PA, PI, PAI or the like and has a large thickness. Thereby, the destruction of the coating film due to the difference in linear expansion coefficient is suppressed.
  • the outer layer coating 182 has a dielectric constant such as PPS, PEEK, fluorine, polycarbonate, silicon, epoxy, polyethylene naphthalate, LCP, which is different from those corresponding to thickening the above-mentioned materials such as PA, PI, PAI.
  • PI or PAI it is also desirable to use one smaller than PI or PAI in order to increase the conductor density of the rotating machine. If these resins are used, even if they are thinner than the PI and PAI coatings equivalent to the conductor coating 181b, or have the same thickness as the conductor coating 181b, the insulating ability can be increased, whereby the occupancy rate of the conductive portion is increased. It becomes possible to raise. Generally, the resin has better insulation than the insulating coating of enamel wire. Naturally, there are also examples in which the dielectric constant is deteriorated depending on the molding state and the mixture. Among them, PPS and PEEK have a coefficient of linear expansion that is generally larger than that of the enamel coating, but are smaller than those of other resins, and thus are suitable as the outer layer coating of the second layer.
  • the adhesive strength between the two kinds of coatings (intermediate insulating coating and outer insulating coating) on the outside of the strand 181 and the enamel coating of the strand 181 depends on the adhesive strength between the copper wire and the enamel coating on the strand 181. It is desirable to be weaker than Sa. This suppresses the phenomenon that the enamel coating and the two types of coatings are destroyed at once.
  • thermal stress or impact stress is basically applied to the outer layer coating 182 first.
  • the insulating layer of the wire 181 and the two types of coatings are made of different resins, it is possible to reduce the thermal stress and the impact stress by providing a portion where the coatings are not adhered. That is, the insulating structure is formed by providing a void with an element wire (enamel wire) and disposing fluorine, polycarbonate, silicon, epoxy, polyethylene naphthalate, and LCP.
  • outermost layer fixing which is generally the final step around the stator winding, which is responsible for mechanical strength, fixing, etc. for the conductor wire 82 having the above-described structure, formability of epoxy, PPS, PEEK, LCP, etc. It is preferable to use a resin that has good properties and has properties such as a dielectric constant and a linear expansion coefficient similar to those of an enamel coating.
  • the distance DM in the radial direction between the surface of the magnet unit 42 on the armature side in the radial direction and the shaft center of the rotor may be 50 mm or more.
  • the distance DM may be 50 mm or more.
  • the rotary electric machines are a brush motor, a basket-type induction motor, a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and a reluctance motor.
  • the magnetic field generated by the stator winding on the primary side is received by the iron core of the secondary side rotor, and the induction current is intensively applied to the basket type conductor to form a reaction magnetic field.
  • This is the principle of generating torque. Therefore, from the viewpoint of the small size and high efficiency of the device, it is not always a good idea to eliminate the iron cores on both the stator side and the rotor side.
  • the reluctance motor is a motor that utilizes the reluctance change of the iron core, and it is not desirable to eliminate the iron core in principle.
  • the IPM that is, embedded magnet type rotor
  • the IPM has become the mainstream in recent years, and especially in large machines, it is often the IPM unless there are special circumstances.
  • the IPM has the characteristics of having both magnet torque and reluctance torque, and is operated while the ratio of those torques is adjusted in a timely manner by inverter control. Therefore, the IPM is a motor that is small and has excellent controllability.
  • the torque on the rotor surface that generates the magnet torque and the reluctance torque is determined by the distance DM in the radial direction between the surface of the magnet unit on the armature side in the radial direction and the axial center of the rotor, that is, FIG. 43 shows the radius of the stator core of a general inner rotor along the horizontal axis.
  • the magnet torque has its potential determined by the magnetic field strength generated by the permanent magnet as shown in the following equation (eq1), while the reluctance torque has an inductance, especially q as shown in the following equation (eq2).
  • the magnitude of the axial inductance determines its potential.
  • Magnet torque k ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Iq ⁇ (eq1)
  • Reluctance torque k ⁇ (Lq-Ld) ⁇ Iq ⁇ Id (eq2)
  • the magnetic field strength generated by the permanent magnet that is, the amount of magnetic flux ⁇
  • the magnetic field strength generated by the permanent magnet is proportional to the total area of the permanent magnet on the surface facing the stator. If it is a cylindrical rotor, it has the surface area of a cylinder. Strictly speaking, since there are N poles and S poles, they are proportional to the area occupied by half the cylindrical surface.
  • the surface area of a cylinder is proportional to the radius of the cylinder and the length of the cylinder. That is, if the cylinder length is constant, it is proportional to the radius of the cylinder.
  • the inductance Lq of the winding has a low sensitivity though it depends on the shape of the iron core, and is rather proportional to the square of the number of windings of the stator winding, so that the dependence on the number of windings is high.
  • ⁇ is the magnetic permeability of the magnetic circuit
  • N is the number of turns
  • S is the cross-sectional area of the magnetic circuit
  • ⁇ is the effective length of the magnetic circuit
  • the inductance L ⁇ N ⁇ 2 ⁇ S/ ⁇ . Since the number of turns of the winding depends on the size of the winding space, in the case of a cylindrical motor, it depends on the winding space of the stator, that is, the slot area. As shown in FIG. 44, the slot area is proportional to the product a ⁇ b of the length dimension a in the circumferential direction and the length dimension b in the radial direction because the shape of the slot is substantially quadrangular.
  • the length of the slot in the circumferential direction increases as the diameter of the cylinder increases, so it is proportional to the diameter of the cylinder.
  • the radial length of the slot is in proportion to the diameter of the cylinder. That is, the slot area is proportional to the square of the diameter of the cylinder.
  • the reluctance torque is proportional to the square of the stator current, so the performance of the rotating electrical machine is determined by how large the current can flow, and its performance depends on the slot area of the stator. Dependent. From the above, if the length of the cylinder is constant, the reluctance torque is proportional to the square of the diameter of the cylinder. Based on this, FIG. 43 is a diagram in which the relationship between the magnet torque and the reluctance torque and DM is plotted.
  • the magnet torque increases linearly with DM and the reluctance torque increases quadratically with DM. It can be seen that when the DM is relatively small, the magnet torque is dominant, and the reluctance torque is dominant as the stator core radius increases.
  • the magnetic flux is shared by three to six teeth per magnetic pole, but the magnetic flux tends to be concentrated on the teeth forward in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic flux does not flow evenly in the three to six teeth.
  • the magnetic flux concentrates on a part (for example, one or two) of the teeth, and the teeth that are magnetically saturated also move in the circumferential direction as the rotor rotates. This also causes the slot ripple.
  • the distance DM in the radial direction between the surface of the magnet unit on the armature side in the radial direction and the axial center of the rotor is set to 50 mm or more. May be.
  • the linear portion 83 of the conductor wire 82 may be provided as a single layer in the radial direction. Further, when the linear portion 83 is arranged in a plurality of layers inside and outside the radial direction, the number of layers may be arbitrary, and may be three layers, four layers, five layers, six layers or the like.
  • the rotary shaft 11 is provided so as to project to both the one end side and the other end side of the rotary electric machine 10 in the axial direction, but this is modified so that it only projects to one end side. Good.
  • the rotary shaft 11 may be provided so as to extend outward in the axial direction with the end portion being a portion that is cantilevered by the bearing unit 20.
  • the internal space of the inverter unit 60 since the rotating shaft 11 does not project inside the inverter unit 60, the internal space of the inverter unit 60, more specifically, the internal space of the tubular portion 71, can be used more widely.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 are configured to use non-conductive grease, but the configuration may be changed and the bearings 21 and 22 may be configured to use conductive grease.
  • the bearings 21 and 22 may be configured to use conductive grease containing metal particles, carbon particles, and the like.
  • bearings may be provided at two positions on the axially one end side and the other end side of the rotor 40. In this case, in terms of the configuration of FIG. 1, it is preferable that bearings are provided at two positions on one end side and the other end side with the inverter unit 60 interposed therebetween.
  • the intermediate portion 45 of the magnet holder 41 in the rotor 40 has the inner shoulder portion 49a and the emotional outer shoulder portion 49b, but these shoulder portions 49a and 49b are eliminated and flattened. It is also possible to adopt a configuration having a different surface.
  • the conductor 82a in the conductor wire 82 of the stator winding 51 is configured as an assembly of a plurality of element wires 86, but this is changed and a rectangular conductor wire having a rectangular cross section is used as the conductor wire 82. It may be configured. Alternatively, a round conductor having a circular cross section or an elliptical cross section may be used as the conductor 82.
  • the inverter unit 60 is provided inside the stator 50 in the radial direction, but instead of this, the inverter unit 60 may not be provided inside the stator 50 in the radial direction. .. In this case, it is possible to leave a space inside the inner region of the stator 50 in the radial direction. Moreover, it is possible to arrange components different from the inverter unit 60 in the internal region.
  • the rotary electric machine 10 having the above configuration may not have the housing 30.
  • the rotor 40, the stator 50, and the like may be held by a part of the wheel or other vehicle parts.
  • FIG. 45 is a perspective view showing a wheel 400 of the in-wheel motor structure and its peripheral structure
  • FIG. 46 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the wheel 400 and its peripheral structure
  • FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of the wheel 400. is there.
  • Each of these drawings is a perspective view of the wheel 400 as viewed from the inside of the vehicle.
  • the in-wheel motor structure of the present embodiment can be applied in various forms.
  • two wheels on the front side of the vehicle and two wheels on the rear side of the vehicle can be used. It is possible to apply the in-wheel motor structure of this embodiment to two wheels or four wheels before and after the vehicle. However, application to a vehicle in which at least one of the front and rear of the vehicle has one wheel is also possible.
  • the in-wheel motor is an example of application as a vehicle drive unit.
  • a wheel 400 is, for example, a tire 401 which is a well-known pneumatic tire, a wheel 402 fixed to an inner peripheral side of the tire 401, and an inner peripheral side of the wheel 402. And a rotating electric machine 500.
  • Rotating electric machine 500 has a fixed portion that is a portion that includes a stator (stator) and a rotating portion that is a portion that includes a rotor (rotor).
  • the fixed portion is fixed to the vehicle body side, and the rotating portion is It is fixed to the wheel 402, and the tire 401 and the wheel 402 are rotated by the rotation of the rotating portion.
  • the detailed configuration of the rotating electric machine 500 including the fixed portion and the rotating portion will be described later.
  • a suspension device that holds the wheel 400 with respect to a vehicle body (not shown), a steering device that makes the direction of the wheel 400 variable, and a brake device that brakes the wheel 400 are attached to the wheel 400 as peripheral devices. has been.
  • the suspension device is an independent suspension type suspension, and any type such as trailing arm type, strut type, wishbone type, multi-link type can be applied.
  • the lower arm 411 is provided so as to extend toward the center of the vehicle body, and the suspension arm 412 and the spring 413 are provided so as to extend in the vertical direction.
  • the suspension arm 412 may be configured as a shock absorber, for example. However, its detailed illustration is omitted.
  • Each of the lower arm 411 and the suspension arm 412 is connected to the vehicle body side and is also connected to a disc-shaped base plate 405 fixed to a fixed portion of the rotating electric machine 500. As shown in FIG. 46, on the rotary electric machine 500 side (base plate 405 side), a lower arm 411 and a suspension arm 412 are coaxially supported by support shafts 414 and 415.
  • a rack and pinion type structure for example, a rack and pinion type structure, a ball and nut type structure, a hydraulic power steering system, or an electric power steering system can be applied.
  • a rack device 421 and a tie rod 422 are provided as a steering device, and the rack device 421 is connected to the base plate 405 on the rotary electric machine 500 side via the tie rod 422.
  • the tie rod 422 moves in the vehicle left-right direction.
  • the wheel 400 rotates about the support shafts 414 and 415 of the lower arm 411 and the suspension arm 412, and the wheel direction is changed.
  • a disc rotor 431 fixed to the rotating shaft 501 of the rotating electric machine 500 and a brake caliper 432 fixed to the base plate 405 on the rotating electric machine 500 side are provided as the braking device.
  • a brake pad is operated by hydraulic pressure or the like, and when the brake pad is pressed against the disc rotor 431, a braking force due to friction is generated and the rotation of the wheel 400 is stopped.
  • the wheel 400 is provided with a housing duct 440 for housing the electric wiring H1 extending from the rotating electric machine 500 and the cooling pipe H2.
  • the housing duct 440 extends along the end surface of the rotating electric machine 500 from the end of the rotating electric machine 500 on the fixed portion side, is provided so as to avoid the suspension arm 412, and is fixed to the suspension arm 412 in this state.
  • the connection position of the accommodation duct 440 in the suspension arm 412 has a fixed positional relationship with the base plate 405. Therefore, the stress caused by the vibration of the vehicle or the like can be suppressed in the electric wiring H1 and the cooling pipe H2.
  • the electric wiring H1 is connected to an in-vehicle power supply unit or an in-vehicle ECU (not shown), and the cooling pipe H2 is connected to a radiator (not shown).
  • the rotary electric machine 500 has excellent operation efficiency and output as compared with the motor of the vehicle drive unit having a speed reducer as in the conventional technique. That is, if the rotary electric machine 500 is used for a purpose in which a practical price can be realized by cost reduction as compared with the related art, it may be used as a motor for purposes other than the vehicle drive unit. Even in such a case, as in the case of being applied to the in-wheel motor, excellent performance is exhibited.
  • the operating efficiency refers to an index used during a test in a driving mode that derives the fuel efficiency of the vehicle.
  • FIGS. 48 to 51 An outline of the rotating electric machine 500 is shown in FIGS. 48 to 51.
  • 48 is a side view of the rotary electric machine 500 seen from the protruding side (inside the vehicle) of the rotary shaft 501
  • FIG. 49 is a vertical sectional view of the rotary electric machine 500 (a sectional view taken along the line 49-49 in FIG. 48).
  • 50 is a transverse cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along line 50-50 of FIG. 49) of rotating electric machine 500
  • FIG. 51 is an exploded cross-sectional view in which constituent elements of rotating electric machine 500 are disassembled.
  • the rotation shaft 501 has a direction extending outward of the vehicle body in FIG.
  • the center of the rotation shaft 501 in other words, two directions that extend in a circle from an arbitrary point other than the center of rotation of the rotating portion on the center line drawn to form a cross section 49 passing through the center of rotation of the rotating portion are both circumferential directions.
  • the circumferential direction may be either a clockwise direction starting from an arbitrary point on the cross section 49 or a counterclockwise direction.
  • the right side is the vehicle outside and the left side is the vehicle inside in FIG. 49.
  • the rotor 510 which will be described later, is arranged more outward than the rotor cover 670 in the vehicle body.
  • the rotary electric machine 500 is an outer rotor type surface magnet type rotary electric machine.
  • the rotary electric machine 500 is roughly provided with a rotor 510, a stator 520, an inverter unit 530, a bearing 560, and a rotor cover 670. All of these members are coaxially arranged with respect to a rotary shaft 501 provided integrally with the rotor 510, and are assembled in a predetermined order in the axial direction to form the rotary electric machine 500.
  • the rotor 510 and the stator 520 each have a cylindrical shape, and are arranged to face each other with an air gap interposed therebetween.
  • the rotor 510 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 501
  • the rotor 510 rotates on the radially outer side of the stator 520.
  • the rotor 510 corresponds to a “field element”
  • the stator 520 corresponds to an “armature”.
  • the rotor 510 has a substantially cylindrical rotor carrier 511 and an annular magnet unit 512 fixed to the rotor carrier 511.
  • the rotating shaft 501 is fixed to the rotor carrier 511.
  • the rotor carrier 511 has a cylindrical portion 513.
  • a magnet unit 512 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 513. That is, the magnet unit 512 is provided so as to be surrounded by the cylindrical portion 513 of the rotor carrier 511 from the outside in the radial direction.
  • the cylindrical portion 513 has a first end and a second end that face each other in the axial direction. The first end is located outside the vehicle body, and the second end is located in the direction in which the base plate 405 exists.
  • an end plate 514 is continuously provided at the first end of the cylindrical portion 513. That is, the cylindrical portion 513 and the end plate 514 have an integrated structure.
  • the second end of the cylindrical portion 513 is open.
  • the rotor carrier 511 is formed of, for example, a cold rolled steel plate (SPCC or SPHC having a plate thickness thicker than SPCC) having sufficient mechanical strength, forging steel, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP), or the like.
  • the axial length of the rotary shaft 501 is longer than the axial dimension of the rotor carrier 511.
  • the rotary shaft 501 projects toward the open end side (inward direction of the vehicle) of the rotor carrier 511, and the above-described brake device or the like is attached to the end portion on the projecting side.
  • a through hole 514a is formed in the center of the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511.
  • the rotary shaft 501 is fixed to the rotor carrier 511 while being inserted into the through hole 514 a of the end plate 514.
  • the rotary shaft 501 has a flange 502 extending in a direction intersecting (orthogonal to) the axial direction at a portion where the rotor carrier 511 is fixed, and the flange and a surface of the end plate 514 outside the vehicle are surface-bonded.
  • the rotary shaft 501 is fixed to the rotor carrier 511.
  • the wheel 402 is fixed by using a fastener such as a bolt that is erected from the flange 502 of the rotating shaft 501 in the vehicle outer direction.
  • the magnet unit 512 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged so that the polarities thereof alternate along the circumferential direction of the rotor 510. Thereby, the magnet unit 512 has a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction.
  • the permanent magnet is fixed to the rotor carrier 511 by adhesion, for example.
  • the magnet unit 512 has the configuration described as the magnet unit 42 in FIGS. 8 and 9 of the first embodiment, and is a permanent magnet having an intrinsic coercive force of 400 [kA/m] or more and a residual magnetic flux.
  • a sintered neodymium magnet having a density Br of 1.0 [T] or more is used.
  • the magnet unit 512 has a first magnet 91 and a second magnet 92 that are polar anisotropic magnets and have different polarities. As described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, in each of the magnets 91 and 92, the direction of the easy axis of magnetization differs between the d-axis side (portion near the d-axis) and the q-axis side (portion near the q-axis).
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is close to the direction parallel to the d-axis
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is close to the direction orthogonal to the q-axis.
  • An arc-shaped magnet magnetic path is formed with an orientation corresponding to the direction of the easy axis of magnetization.
  • the easy axis of magnetization may be parallel to the d axis on the d-axis side
  • the easy axis of magnetization may be orthogonal to the q axis on the q-axis side.
  • the magnet unit 512 is oriented on the d-axis side, which is the center of the magnetic pole, so that the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis, compared to the q-axis side, which is the magnetic pole boundary. ..
  • each of the magnets 91 and 92 the magnetic flux on the d-axis is strengthened and the change in the magnetic flux near the q-axis is suppressed.
  • the magnets 91 and 92 in which the surface magnetic flux changes gently from the q axis to the d axis in each magnetic pole.
  • the magnet unit 512 the configuration of the magnet unit 42 shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 or the configuration of the magnet unit 42 shown in FIG. 30 can be used.
  • the magnet unit 512 has a rotor core (back yoke) configured by axially stacking a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates on the side of the cylindrical portion 513 of the rotor carrier 511, that is, on the outer peripheral surface side. Good. That is, it is possible to provide the rotor core on the radially inner side of the cylindrical portion 513 of the rotor carrier 511 and to provide the permanent magnets (magnets 91, 92) on the radially inner side of the rotor core.
  • a rotor core back yoke
  • the cylindrical portion 513 of the rotor carrier 511 is formed with recesses 513a extending in the axial direction at predetermined circumferential intervals.
  • the concave portion 513a is formed by, for example, press working, and as shown in FIG. 52, a convex portion 513b is formed on the inner peripheral surface side of the cylindrical portion 513 at a position on the back side of the concave portion 513a.
  • a concave portion 512a is formed on the outer peripheral surface side of the magnet unit 512 so as to match the convex portion 513b of the cylindrical portion 513.
  • the magnet unit 512 By inserting the convex portion 513b of the cylindrical portion 513 into the concave portion 512a, the magnet unit 512 is formed. The positional displacement in the circumferential direction is suppressed. That is, the convex portion 513b on the rotor carrier 511 side functions as a rotation stopping portion of the magnet unit 512.
  • the method of forming the convex portion 513b may be any method other than press working.
  • the direction of the magnet magnetic path in the magnet unit 512 is indicated by an arrow.
  • the magnet magnetic path extends in an arc shape so as to straddle the q-axis, which is the magnetic pole boundary, and the d-axis, which is the center of the magnetic pole, is oriented parallel or nearly parallel to the d-axis.
  • the magnet unit 512 has recesses 512b formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof at positions corresponding to the q-axis. In this case, in the magnet unit 512, the length of the magnet magnetic path is different between the side closer to the stator 520 (lower side in the figure) and the far side (upper side in the figure), and the side closer to the stator 520 is magnetized.
  • the path length is short, and the recess 512b is formed at the position where the magnet magnetic path length is the shortest. That is, in the magnet unit 512, considering that it is difficult to generate a sufficient magnet magnetic flux in a place where the magnet magnetic path length is short, the magnet is deleted in a place where the magnet magnetic flux is weak.
  • the effective magnetic flux density Bd of the magnet increases as the length of the magnetic circuit passing inside the magnet increases.
  • the permeance coefficient Pc and the effective magnetic flux density Bd of the magnet are in a relationship that when one of them becomes higher, the other becomes higher.
  • the configuration of FIG. 52 described above it is possible to reduce the amount of magnets while suppressing a decrease in the permeance coefficient Pc that is an index of the height of the effective magnetic flux density Bd of the magnets.
  • the intersection of the permeance straight line and the demagnetization curve according to the shape of the magnet is the operating point, and the magnetic flux density at that operating point is the effective magnetic flux density Bd of the magnet.
  • the stator 520 has a reduced amount of iron, and in such a configuration, the method of setting the magnetic circuit across the q axis is extremely effective.
  • the recess 512b of the magnet unit 512 can be used as an air passage extending in the axial direction. Therefore, it is possible to improve the air cooling performance.
  • the stator 520 has a stator winding 521 and a stator core 522.
  • FIG. 53 is an exploded perspective view of the stator winding 521 and the stator core 522.
  • the stator winding 521 is composed of a plurality of phase windings wound in a substantially tubular shape (annular shape), and a stator core 522 as a base member is assembled inside the stator winding 521 in the radial direction.
  • the stator winding 521 is configured as a three-phase winding by using the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings.
  • Each phase winding is composed of inner and outer two-layer conductor wires 523 in the radial direction.
  • the stator 520 is characterized by having a slotless structure and a flat conductor wire structure of the stator winding 521, like the above-described stator 50, and is different from the stator 50 shown in FIGS. 8 to 16. It has a similar or similar configuration.
  • the stator core 522 has a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are laminated in the axial direction and has a predetermined thickness in the radial direction.
  • the stator winding 521 is assembled on the radially outer side on the side of the rotor 510.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 522 has a curved surface shape without unevenness, and when the stator winding 521 is assembled, the conductor wire 523 forming the stator winding 521 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 522. They are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator core 522 functions as a back core.
  • the stator 520 is preferably one using any of the following (A) to (C).
  • the magnetic flux density is Bs
  • the circumferential width of the magnet unit 512 in one magnetic pole is Wm
  • the residual magnetic flux density of the magnet unit 512 is Br
  • a magnetic material having a relationship of Wt ⁇ Bs ⁇ Wm ⁇ Br is used. There is.
  • stator 520 In the stator 520, an inter-conductor member is provided between each conductor 523 in the circumferential direction, and a non-magnetic material is used as the inter-conductor member. (C) In the stator 520, a member between conductors is not provided between the conductors 523 in the circumferential direction.
  • the inductance is smaller than that of a general electric machine having a teeth structure in which teeth (iron cores) for establishing a magnetic path are provided between the conductor portions as the stator windings. Will be reduced. Specifically, the inductance can be reduced to 1/10 or less. In this case, since the impedance decreases as the inductance decreases, it is possible to increase the output power with respect to the input power in the rotary electric machine 500, and thus contribute to the torque increase. Further, it is possible to provide a rotating electric machine with a large output as compared with a rotating electric machine using an embedded magnet type rotor that performs torque output using the voltage of the impedance component (in other words, uses reluctance torque). ing.
  • the stator winding 521 is integrally molded with the stator core 522 by a molding material (insulating member) made of resin or the like, and the molding material is provided between the conductor wires 523 arranged in the circumferential direction. It has an intervening structure.
  • the stator 520 of this embodiment corresponds to the configuration (B) of the above (A) to (C). Further, the conductor wires 523 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are arranged such that their end faces in the circumferential direction are in contact with each other, or are arranged in proximity to each other with a minute gap therebetween. Good.
  • the stator core 522 is adjusted in accordance with the orientation of the conductor wire 523 in the axial direction, that is, in the case of the stator winding 521 having a skew structure, for example, in accordance with the skew angle.
  • a protrusion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface.
  • FIG. 54 is a front view showing the stator winding 521 developed in a plane shape.
  • FIG. 54(a) shows each conducting wire 523 positioned in the outer layer in the radial direction
  • FIG. 54(b) shows the diameter.
  • Each conducting wire 523 located in the inner layer in the direction is shown.
  • the stator winding 521 is formed in an annular shape by distributed winding.
  • a conductive wire material is wound in two layers inside and outside in the radial direction, and skews in different directions are applied to each of the conductive wires 523 on the inner layer side and the outer layer side (FIG. 54(a), 54(b)).
  • the conductors 523 are insulated from each other.
  • the conducting wire 523 is preferably configured as an assembly of a plurality of element wires 86 (see FIG. 13). Further, for example, two conducting wires 523 having the same phase and the same energizing direction are provided side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • one conductor wire portion of the same phase is formed by two conductor wires 523 in the radial direction and two conductor wires 523 in the circumferential direction (that is, a total of four wires), and the conductor wire portions are formed one by one in one magnetic pole. It is provided.
  • the radial thickness of the conductor portion be smaller than the circumferential width dimension of one phase in one magnetic pole, so that the stator winding 521 has a flat conductor structure.
  • one conductor portion of the same phase may be configured by the two conductor layers 523 in the radial direction and the four conductor wires 523 in the circumferential direction (that is, eight in total).
  • the width dimension in the circumferential direction may be larger than the thickness dimension in the radial direction.
  • the stator winding 51 shown in FIG. 12 can be used as the stator winding 521. However, in this case, it is necessary to secure a space for housing the coil end of the stator winding in the rotor carrier 511.
  • the conductor wires 523 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction while being inclined at a predetermined angle on the coil side 525 that overlaps with the stator core 522 inward and outward in the radial direction, and also outside the stator core 522 in the axial direction.
  • the coil ends 526 on both sides are inverted (folded back) inward in the axial direction to form a continuous connection.
  • FIG. 54A a range serving as the coil side 525 and a range serving as the coil end 526 are respectively shown.
  • the inner-layer-side conductor wire 523 and the outer-layer-side conductor wire 523 are connected to each other at the coil end 526, whereby the conductor wire 523 is connected to the conductor wire 523 every time the conductor wire 523 is axially inverted (turned back) at the coil end 526.
  • the inner layer side and the outer layer side are alternately switched.
  • the inner and outer layers are switched in accordance with the reversal of the direction of the current in each conductor 523 that is continuous in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator winding 521 two kinds of skews having different skew angles are applied to the end regions which are both ends in the axial direction and the central region sandwiched between the end regions. That is, as shown in FIG. 55, in the conducting wire 523, the skew angle ⁇ s1 in the central region is different from the skew angle ⁇ s2 in the end region, and the skew angle ⁇ s1 is smaller than the skew angle ⁇ s2.
  • the end region is defined in the range including the coil side 525.
  • the skew angle ⁇ s1 and the skew angle ⁇ s2 are tilt angles at which the conductors 523 are tilted with respect to the axial direction.
  • the skew angle ⁇ s1 in the central region is preferably set in an appropriate angle range for reducing the harmonic component of the magnetic flux generated by the energization of the stator winding 521.
  • the coil end 526 is reduced. It is possible to increase the winding coefficient of the stator winding 521 while achieving the above. In other words, it is possible to reduce the length of the coil end 526, that is, the length of the conductor wire that extends from the stator core 522 in the axial direction while ensuring a desired winding coefficient. This makes it possible to improve the torque while reducing the size of the rotary electric machine 500.
  • the present disclosure discloses that the X-1 order harmonic component or the X+1 order harmonic component. It was noted that the X-order harmonic component can be reduced by reducing at least one of the following harmonic components. Based on this attention, the present disclosure sets the skew angle ⁇ s1 within the angular range of “360°/(X+1) to 360°/(X ⁇ 1)” in terms of electrical angle to obtain the X-order harmonic component. It was found that
  • the skew angle ⁇ s2 in the end region is larger than the skew angle ⁇ s1 in the central region described above.
  • the angle range of the skew angle ⁇ s2 is “ ⁇ s1 ⁇ s2 ⁇ 90°”.
  • the inner layer side conductive wire 523 and the outer layer side conductive wire 523 may be connected by welding or adhering the end portions of the respective conductive wires 523, or may be connected by bending.
  • the end of each phase winding is electrically connected to a power converter (inverter) via a bus bar or the like on one side (that is, one end side in the axial direction) of the coil ends 526 on both sides in the axial direction. It is configured to be connected to. Therefore, here, a configuration will be described in which the conductors are connected to each other at the coil end 526 while distinguishing between the coil end 526 on the bus bar connection side and the coil end 526 on the opposite side.
  • the conductors 523 are connected by welding at the coil end 526 on the bus bar connection side, and the conductors 523 are connected by means other than welding at the coil end 526 on the opposite side.
  • the means other than welding may be, for example, connection by bending the conductive wire.
  • the bus bar is connected to the end of each phase winding by welding. Therefore, by adopting a configuration in which the conductors 523 are connected by welding at the same coil end 526, each welded part can be performed in a series of steps, and work efficiency can be improved.
  • the conductors 523 are connected by means other than welding at the coil end 526 on the bus bar connection side, and the conductors 523 are connected by welding at the coil end 526 on the opposite side.
  • the separation distance between the bus bar and the coil end 526 is sufficient to avoid contact between the welded part and the bus bar.
  • the distance between the bus bar and the coil end 526 can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to loosen the restriction on the length of the stator winding 521 in the axial direction or the bus bar.
  • the conductors 523 are connected by welding at the coil ends 526 on both sides in the axial direction.
  • all of the conductive wire materials prepared before welding may have a short wire length, and work efficiency can be improved by reducing the bending process.
  • the fourth configuration is to connect the conductors 523 at the coil ends 526 on both sides in the axial direction by means other than welding.
  • the portion of the stator winding 521 where welding is performed can be reduced as much as possible, and it is possible to reduce the concern that insulation peeling will occur in the welding process.
  • the annular stator winding 521 it is preferable to manufacture a band-shaped winding arranged in a plane and then form the band-shaped winding into a ring. In this case, it is advisable to weld the lead wires to each other at the coil end 526, if necessary, in the state of the flat band winding.
  • a cylindrical jig having the same diameter as that of the stator core 522 may be used and wound around the cylindrical jig so that the strip winding is formed into an annular shape.
  • the strip winding may be directly wound around the stator core 522.
  • the configuration of the stator winding 521 can be changed as follows.
  • the skew angles of the central region and the end region may be the same.
  • the ends of the in-phase conducting wires 523 adjacent in the circumferential direction are connected to each other by a crossover portion extending in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction.
  • the number of layers of the stator winding 521 may be 2 ⁇ n layers (n is a natural number), and the stator winding 521 may have four layers, six layers or the like other than two layers.
  • FIGS. 56 and 57 are exploded cross-sectional views of the inverter unit 530.
  • each member shown in FIG. 56 is shown as two subassemblies.
  • the inverter unit 530 includes an inverter housing 531, a plurality of electric modules 532 assembled in the inverter housing 531 and a bus bar module 533 electrically connecting the electric modules 532.
  • the inverter housing 531 has a cylindrical outer wall member 541, an inner wall member 542 arranged radially inside the outer wall member 541 and a shaft of the inner wall member 542. It has a boss forming member 543 fixed to one end in the direction.
  • Each of these members 541 to 543 is preferably made of a conductive material, for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).
  • CFRP carbon fiber reinforced plastic
  • the inverter housing 531 is configured such that an outer wall member 541 and an inner wall member 542 are radially and radially overlapped with each other, and a boss forming member 543 is attached to one end of the inner wall member 542 in the axial direction.
  • the assembled state is the state shown in FIG. 57.
  • a stator core 522 is fixed to the outer side of the outer wall member 541 of the inverter housing 531 in the radial direction. As a result, the stator 520 and the inverter unit 530 are integrated.
  • the outer wall member 541 has a plurality of recesses 541a, 541b, 541c formed on the inner peripheral surface thereof
  • the inner wall member 542 has a plurality of recesses 542a, 542b, 542c formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
  • the outer wall member 541 and the inner wall member 542 are assembled with each other, so that three hollow portions 544a, 544b, 544c are formed between them (see FIG. 57).
  • the central hollow portion 544b is used as a cooling water passage 545 through which cooling water as a refrigerant flows.
  • a sealant 546 is housed in the hollow portions 544a and 544c on both sides of the hollow portion 544b (cooling water passage 545).
  • the hollow portion 544b (cooling water passage 545) is sealed by the sealing material 546.
  • the cooling water passage 545 will be described in detail later.
  • the boss forming member 543 is provided with a disc ring-shaped end plate 547 and a boss portion 548 protruding from the end plate 547 toward the inside of the housing.
  • the boss portion 548 is provided in a hollow cylindrical shape.
  • the boss forming member 543 is the second end of the first end of the inner wall member 542 in the axial direction and the second end on the protruding side (that is, the vehicle inner side) of the rotating shaft 501 facing the first end. It is fixed to.
  • the base plate 405 is fixed to the inverter housing 531 (more specifically, the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543).
  • the inverter housing 531 is configured to have a double peripheral wall in the radial direction about the axis, and the outer peripheral wall of the double peripheral wall is formed by the outer wall member 541 and the inner wall member 542, and the inner peripheral wall is formed. Is formed by the boss portion 548.
  • the outer peripheral wall formed by the outer wall member 541 and the inner wall member 542 is also referred to as “outer peripheral wall WA1”, and the inner peripheral wall formed by the boss portion 548 is also referred to as “inner peripheral wall WA2”.
  • An annular space is formed in the inverter housing 531 between the outer peripheral wall WA1 and the inner peripheral wall WA2, and a plurality of electric modules 532 are arranged side by side in the peripheral direction in the annular space.
  • the electric module 532 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542 by adhesion, screw fastening, or the like.
  • the inverter housing 531 corresponds to a “housing member”
  • the electric module 532 corresponds to an “electric component”.
  • a bearing 560 is housed inside the inner peripheral wall WA2 (boss portion 548), and the rotary shaft 501 is rotatably supported by the bearing 560.
  • the bearing 560 is a hub bearing that rotatably supports the wheel 400 at the center of the wheel.
  • the bearing 560 is provided at a position that axially overlaps the rotor 510, the stator 520, and the inverter unit 530.
  • the magnet unit 512 can be thinned according to the orientation in the rotor 510, and the slotless structure or the flat conductor structure is adopted in the stator 520, so that the magnetic circuit unit It is possible to reduce the thickness in the radial direction and expand the hollow space inside the magnetic circuit portion in the radial direction. This allows the magnetic circuit portion, the inverter unit 530, and the bearing 560 to be arranged in a radially stacked state.
  • the boss portion 548 is a bearing holding portion that holds the bearing 560 inside thereof.
  • the bearing 560 is, for example, a radial ball bearing, and includes a cylindrical inner ring 561, an outer ring 562 that is cylindrical and has a diameter larger than that of the inner ring 561, and is arranged radially outside the inner ring 561, and the inner ring 561 and the outer ring 561. And a plurality of balls 563 arranged between 562.
  • the bearing 560 is fixed to the inverter housing 531 by assembling the outer ring 562 with the boss forming member 543, and the inner ring 561 is fixed to the rotating shaft 501.
  • the inner ring 561, the outer ring 562 and the balls 563 are all made of a metal material such as carbon steel.
  • the inner ring 561 of the bearing 560 has a tubular portion 561a that houses the rotating shaft 501, and a flange 561b that extends from one axial end of the tubular portion 561a in a direction intersecting (orthogonal to) the axial direction. ..
  • the flange 561b is a portion that comes into contact with the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511 from the inside, and is sandwiched by the flange 502 of the rotating shaft 501 and the flange 561b of the inner ring 561 when the bearing 560 is assembled to the rotating shaft 501. In this state, the rotor carrier 511 is held.
  • the flange 502 of the rotary shaft 501 and the flange 561b of the inner ring 561 have the same angle of intersection with the axial direction (both are right angles in this embodiment), and are sandwiched between the respective flanges 502, 561b.
  • the rotor carrier 511 is held in the opened state.
  • the angle of the rotor carrier 511 with respect to the rotating shaft 501 can be maintained at an appropriate angle, and thus the parallelism of the magnet unit 512 with respect to the rotating shaft 501 can be improved. Can be kept. As a result, even in the configuration in which the rotor carrier 511 is expanded in the radial direction, it is possible to improve resistance to vibration and the like.
  • the plurality of electric modules 532 are electric components such as a semiconductor switching element and a smoothing capacitor that form a power converter and are divided into a plurality of modules, and the electric modules 532 are power elements.
  • a switch module 532A having a semiconductor switching element and a capacitor module 532B having a smoothing capacitor are included.
  • a plurality of spacers 549 each having a flat surface for attaching the electric module 532 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542, and the electric module 532 is attached to the spacer 549.
  • the spacer 549 forms a flat surface on the inner peripheral surface side of the inner wall member 542.
  • the electric module 532 is fixed to the flat surface.
  • the configuration in which the spacer 549 is interposed between the inner wall member 542 and the electric module 532 is not essential, and the inner wall surface of the inner wall member 542 is made flat, or the mounting surface of the electric module 532 is curved to form an inner wall. It is also possible to attach the electrical module 532 directly to the member 542. It is also possible to fix the electric module 532 to the inverter housing 531 in a state of not contacting the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542. For example, the electric module 532 is fixed to the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543.
  • the switch module 532A can be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542 in a contact state, and the capacitor module 532B can be fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542 in a non-contact state.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 and the spacer 549 correspond to the “cylindrical portion”.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 corresponds to the “cylindrical portion”.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 of the inverter housing 531 is provided with the cooling water passage 545 through which the cooling water as the refrigerant flows.
  • the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 545 cools each electric module 532. It has become. It is also possible to use cooling oil instead of cooling water as the refrigerant.
  • the cooling water passage 545 is provided in an annular shape along the outer peripheral wall WA1, and the cooling water flowing in the cooling water passage 545 flows from the upstream side to the downstream side via each electric module 532.
  • the cooling water passage 545 is provided annularly inside and outside the radial direction so as to overlap with each electric module 532 and surround each electric module 532.
  • the inner wall member 542 is provided with an inlet passage 571 for allowing cooling water to flow into the cooling water passage 545 and an outlet passage 572 for causing cooling water to flow out from the cooling water passage 545.
  • the plurality of electric modules 532 are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542, and in such a configuration, the distance between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is expanded by one place, and the expansion thereof is increased.
  • a part of the inner wall member 542 is projected inward in the radial direction to form a protruding portion 573 in the formed portion.
  • the projecting portion 573 is provided with an inlet passage 571 and an outlet passage 572 arranged side by side along the radial direction.
  • FIG. 58 shows the arrangement of the electric modules 532 in the inverter housing 531. Note that FIG. 58 is the same vertical sectional view as FIG.
  • the electric modules 532 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction such that the intervals between the electric modules in the circumferential direction are the first interval INT1 or the second interval INT2.
  • the second interval INT2 is wider than the first interval INT1.
  • the intervals INT1 and INT2 are, for example, distances between the center positions of two electric modules 532 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • the interval between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction without sandwiching the protrusion 573 is the first interval INT1
  • the interval between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction with the protrusion 573 interposed is the second interval INT2. ing. That is, the interval between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is partially expanded, and the protruding portion 573 is provided, for example, in a central portion of the expanded interval (second interval INT2).
  • Each of the intervals INT1 and INT2 may be an arc distance between the center positions of two electric modules 532 that are circumferentially adjacent to each other on the same circle centered on the rotation axis 501.
  • the intervals between the electric modules in the circumferential direction may be defined by angular intervals ⁇ i1 and ⁇ i2 about the rotation axis 501 ( ⁇ i1 ⁇ i2).
  • the electric modules 532 arranged in the first gap INT1 are arranged in a state of being separated from each other in the circumferential direction (non-contact state), but instead of this constitution, the electric modules 532 are arranged. 532 may be arranged so as to be in contact with each other in the circumferential direction.
  • an end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543 is provided with a water channel port 574 in which passage end portions of an inlet passage 571 and an outlet passage 572 are formed.
  • a circulation path 575 that circulates the cooling water is connected to the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572.
  • the circulation path 575 includes a cooling water pipe.
  • a pump 576 and a heat dissipation device 577 are provided in the circulation path 575, and the cooling water circulates through the cooling water passage 545 and the circulation path 575 when the pump 576 is driven.
  • the pump 576 is an electric pump.
  • the heat dissipation device 577 is, for example, a radiator that releases heat of cooling water to the atmosphere.
  • stator 520 is arranged on the outer side of the outer peripheral wall WA1 and the electric module 532 is arranged on the inner side thereof, the stator 520 is arranged from the outer side of the outer peripheral wall WA1. As heat is transferred, the heat of the electric module 532 is transferred from the inside. In this case, the stator 520 and the electric module 532 can be cooled at the same time by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 545, and the heat of the heat-generating component in the rotating electric machine 500 can be efficiently released.
  • the stator winding 521 includes a U-phase winding, a V-phase winding and a W-phase winding, and the inverter 600 is connected to the stator winding 521.
  • the inverter 600 is configured by a full bridge circuit having the same number of upper and lower arms as the number of phases, and a series connection body including an upper arm switch 601 and a lower arm switch 602 is provided for each phase.
  • Each of these switches 601 and 602 is turned on/off by a drive circuit 603, and the winding of each phase is energized by the turning on/off.
  • Each of the switches 601 and 602 is composed of a semiconductor switching element such as MOSFET or IGBT.
  • a charge supply capacitor 604 that supplies charges required for switching to the switches 601 and 602 is connected in parallel to the series connection body of the switches 601 and 602 to the upper and lower arms of each phase.
  • the control device 607 includes a microcomputer including a CPU and various memories, and performs energization control by turning on/off each of the switches 601 and 602 based on various detection information of the rotating electric machine 500 and requests for power running drive and power generation. ..
  • the control device 607 implements on/off control of the switches 601 and 602 by PWM control at a predetermined switching frequency (carrier frequency) or rectangular wave control, for example.
  • the control device 607 may be a built-in control device built in the rotary electric machine 500 or an external control device provided outside the rotary electric machine 500.
  • the electrical time constant is small because the inductance of the stator 520 is reduced, and in a situation where the electrical time constant is small, the switching frequency (carrier frequency ) Is high and the switching speed is fast.
  • the charge supplying capacitor 604 is connected in parallel to the series connection body of the switches 601 and 602 of each phase, the wiring inductance is reduced, and even if the switching speed is increased, an appropriate surge can be obtained. Measures can be taken.
  • the high potential side terminal of the inverter 600 is connected to the positive electrode terminal of the DC power source 605, and the low potential side terminal is connected to the negative electrode terminal (ground) of the DC power source 605.
  • a smoothing capacitor 606 is connected in parallel to the DC power source 605 to the high potential side terminal and the low potential side terminal of the inverter 600.
  • the switch module 532A has switches 601 and 602 (semiconductor switching elements) as heat generating components, a drive circuit 603 (specifically, electric elements forming the drive circuit 603), and a capacitor 604 for supplying electric charge. Further, the capacitor module 532B has a smoothing capacitor 606 as a heat generating component.
  • FIG. 60 shows a specific configuration example of the switch module 532A.
  • the switch module 532A has a module case 611 as a housing case, and switches 601 and 602 for one phase housed in the module case 611, a drive circuit 603, and charge supply Of the capacitor 604.
  • the drive circuit 603 is configured as a dedicated IC or a circuit board and provided in the switch module 532A.
  • the module case 611 is made of, for example, an insulating material such as resin, and is fixed to the outer peripheral wall WA1 with its side surface abutting the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542 of the inverter unit 530.
  • the module case 611 is filled with a molding material such as resin.
  • the switches 601 and 602 and the drive circuit 603, and the switches 601 and 602 and the capacitor 604 are electrically connected by a wiring 612, respectively. More specifically, the switch module 532A is attached to the outer peripheral wall WA1 via the spacer 549, but the spacer 549 is not shown.
  • the order of arrangement of the drive circuit 603 and the capacitor 604 is determined. Specifically, when comparing the heat generation amount, the switches 601 and 602, the capacitor 604, and the drive circuit 603 are arranged in order from the largest heat generation amount. Therefore, the switches are arranged from the side closer to the outer peripheral wall WA1 according to the order of the heat generation amount. These are arranged in the order of 601, 602, the capacitor 604, and the drive circuit 603.
  • the contact surface of the switch module 532A is preferably smaller than the contactable surface of the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542.
  • the capacitor 606 is housed in a module case having the same shape and size as the switch module 532A.
  • the capacitor module 532B is fixed to the outer peripheral wall WA1 in a state where the side surface of the module case 611 is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the inner wall member 542 of the inverter housing 531.
  • the switch module 532A and the capacitor module 532B do not necessarily have to be arranged concentrically inside the outer peripheral wall WA1 of the inverter housing 531 in the radial direction.
  • the switch module 532A may be arranged radially inside the capacitor module 532B, or may be arranged so as to be the opposite.
  • Each electric module 532 may have a configuration in which cooling water is drawn into the inside thereof and cooling is performed by the cooling water inside the module.
  • the water cooling structure of the switch module 532A will be described with reference to FIGS. 61(a) and 61(b).
  • 61A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of the switch module 532A in a direction crossing the outer peripheral wall WA1
  • FIG. 61B is a cross-sectional view taken along line 61B-61B of FIG. 61A. ..
  • the switch module 532A has a module case 611, switches 601 and 602 for one phase, a drive circuit 603, and a capacitor 604 as in FIG.
  • a cooling device including a pair of piping portions 621 and 622 and a cooler 623 is provided.
  • the pair of pipe portions 621 and 622 are provided with an inflow side pipe portion 621 through which cooling water flows from the cooling water passage 545 of the outer peripheral wall WA1 to the cooler 623, and a cooling water passage from the cooler 623 to the cooling water passage 545.
  • a pipe portion 622 on the outflow side for outflowing is provided in the cooling device.
  • the cooler 623 is provided according to the object to be cooled, and the cooling device uses one or a plurality of stages of coolers 623.
  • the cooling device uses one or a plurality of stages of coolers 623.
  • two stages of coolers 623 are provided in the direction away from the cooling water passage 545, that is, in the radial direction of the inverter unit 530 in a state of being separated from each other, and a pair of pipes Cooling water is supplied to the respective coolers 623 via the parts 621 and 622.
  • the cooler 623 has, for example, a hollow inside. However, inner fins may be provided inside the cooler 623.
  • the outer peripheral wall side of the cooler 623 is a place for arranging the electric parts to be cooled, and these places are (2), (1), and (3) in descending order of cooling performance. There is. That is, the place between the two coolers 623 has the highest cooling performance, and in the place adjacent to any one cooler 623, the closer to the outer peripheral wall WA1 (cooling water passage 545), the higher the cooling performance. ing. In consideration of this, in the configuration shown in FIGS.
  • the switches 601 and 602 are arranged between the coolers 623 of (2) the first stage and the second stage, and the condenser 604 is ( 1) It is arranged on the outer peripheral wall WA1 side of the first stage cooler 623, and the drive circuit 603 is arranged (3) on the opposite outer peripheral wall side of the second stage cooler 623.
  • the drive circuit 603 and the capacitor 604 may be arranged in reverse.
  • the switches 601, 602 and the drive circuit 603, and the switches 601, 602 and the capacitor 604 are electrically connected by the wiring 612. Further, since the switches 601 and 602 are located between the drive circuit 603 and the capacitor 604, the wiring 612 extending from the switches 601 and 602 toward the drive circuit 603 and the wiring 612 extending from the switches 601 and 602 toward the capacitor 604. Are relationships extending in opposite directions.
  • the pair of piping portions 621 and 622 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction, that is, on the upstream side and the downstream side of the cooling water passage 545, and the piping portion on the inflow side located on the upstream side. Cooling water flows into the cooler 623 from 621, and then the cooling water flows out from the outflow side pipe portion 622 located on the downstream side.
  • the cooling water passage 545 has a cooling water passage 545 at a position between the inflow side pipe portion 621 and the outflow side pipe portion 621 when viewed in the circumferential direction. It is preferable that a regulation unit 624 that regulates the flow of the above is provided.
  • the restriction unit 624 may be a blocking unit that blocks the cooling water passage 545 or a throttle unit that reduces the passage area of the cooling water passage 545.
  • FIG. 62 shows another cooling structure of the switch module 532A.
  • 62A is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional structure of the switch module 532A in a direction crossing the outer peripheral wall WA1
  • FIG. 62B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line 62B-62B of FIG. 62A. ..
  • FIGS. 62(a) and 62(b) As a difference from the configurations of FIGS. 61(a) and 61(b) described above, the arrangement of the pair of piping portions 621 and 622 in the cooling device is different, and The piping portions 621 and 622 are arranged side by side in the axial direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 62C, in the cooling water passage 545, a passage portion communicating with the inflow side pipe portion 621 and a passage portion communicating with the outflow side pipe portion 622 are axially separated. The respective passage portions are communicated with each other through the pipe portions 621 and 622 and the coolers 623.
  • the following configuration can be used as the switch module 532A.
  • the cooler 623 is changed from two stages to one stage as compared with the configuration in FIG. 61(a).
  • the location where the cooling performance is highest in the module case 611 is different from that in FIG. 61(a)
  • the location on the outer peripheral wall WA1 side is the most on both sides in the radial direction of the cooler 623 (both sides in the left-right direction in the figure).
  • the cooling performance is high, then the cooling performance is lower in the order of the location on the side of the outer peripheral wall of the cooler 623 and the location away from the cooler 623. In consideration of this, in the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the switches 601 and 602 are arranged on the outer peripheral wall WA1 side of both sides of the cooler 623 in the radial direction (both sides in the left-right direction in the figure), and the condenser 604 is provided.
  • the drive circuit 603 is disposed at a position on the side opposite to the outer peripheral wall of the cooler 623, and the drive circuit 603 is disposed at a position away from the cooler 623.
  • the switch module 532A it is possible to change the configuration in which the switches 601, 602 for one phase, the drive circuit 603, and the capacitor 604 are housed in the module case 611.
  • the configuration may be such that the switches 601 and 602 for one phase and one of the drive circuit 603 and the capacitor 604 are housed in the module case 611.
  • a pair of piping portions 621 and 622 and a two-stage cooler 623 are provided in the module case 611, and the switches 601 and 602 are connected to the first and second coolers 623.
  • the condenser 604 or the drive circuit 603 is arranged between them and is arranged on the outer peripheral wall WA1 side of the first stage cooler 623.
  • the switches 601 and 602 and the drive circuit 603 may be integrated into a semiconductor module, and the semiconductor module and the capacitor 604 may be housed in the module case 611.
  • a condenser is arranged on the opposite side of the switches 601 and 602 in at least one of the coolers 623 arranged on both sides of the switches 601 and 602. It is good to have been. That is, there is a configuration in which the condenser 604 is arranged only on one of the outer peripheral wall WA1 side of the first-stage cooler 623 and the opposite peripheral wall side of the second-stage cooler 623, or the condenser 604 is arranged on both sides. It is possible.
  • the switch module 532A of the switch module 532A and the capacitor module 532B is configured to draw cooling water from the cooling water passage 545 into the module.
  • the configuration may be changed so that the cooling water is drawn into the both modules 532A and 532B from the cooling water passage 545.
  • each electric module 532 it is also possible to cool each electric module 532 by directly applying cooling water to the outer surface of each electric module 532.
  • cooling water is applied to the outer surface of the electric module 532.
  • a configuration in which a part of the electric module 532 is immersed in the cooling water passage 545, or the cooling water passage 545 is expanded more in the radial direction than the configuration of FIG. It is conceivable that the structure is soaked in.
  • the cooling performance can be further improved by providing fins in the module case 611 (the immersed portion of the module case 611) to be immersed.
  • the electrical module 532 includes a switch module 532A and a capacitor module 532B, and there is a difference in the amount of heat generated when the two are compared. In consideration of this point, it is possible to devise the arrangement of the electric modules 532 in the inverter housing 531.
  • a plurality of switch modules 532A are arranged in the circumferential direction without being dispersed, and are arranged on the upstream side of the cooling water passage 545, that is, on the side close to the inlet passage 571.
  • the cooling water flowing from the inlet passage 571 is first used to cool the three switch modules 532A, and then used to cool each capacitor module 532B.
  • the pair of piping portions 621 and 622 are arranged side by side in the axial direction as shown in FIGS. 62(a) and 62(b), but the configuration is not limited to this, and FIG. , (B), a pair of piping portions 621 and 622 may be arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • FIG. 66 is a sectional view taken along line 66-66 of FIG. 49
  • FIG. 67 is a sectional view taken along line 67-67 of FIG. 49
  • FIG. 68 is a perspective view showing the bus bar module 533 alone.
  • the configuration relating to the electrical connection of each electric module 532 and bus bar module 533 will be described by using these drawings together.
  • the circumferential direction of the protrusion 573 provided on the inner wall member 542 (that is, the protrusion 573 provided with the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 leading to the cooling water passage 545).
  • Three switch modules 532A are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction at positions adjacent to each other, and six capacitor modules 532B are further arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • the inner side of the outer peripheral wall WA1 is divided into ten areas (that is, the number of modules+1) in the circumferential direction, and one electric module 532 is arranged in each of the nine areas.
  • the protruding portion 573 is provided in the remaining one area.
  • the three switch modules 532A are a U-phase module, a V-phase module, and a W-phase module.
  • each electric module 532 (switch module 532A and capacitor module 532B) has a plurality of module terminals 615 extending from the module case 611.
  • the module terminal 615 is a module input/output terminal for performing electrical input/output in each electric module 532.
  • the module terminal 615 is provided so as to extend in the axial direction, and more specifically, it is provided so as to extend from the module case 611 toward the inner side of the rotor carrier 511 (outside the vehicle) (FIG. 51). reference).
  • the module terminal 615 of each electric module 532 is connected to the bus bar module 533.
  • the number of module terminals 615 differs between the switch module 532A and the capacitor module 532B.
  • the switch module 532A is provided with four module terminals 615
  • the capacitor module 532B is provided with two module terminals 615.
  • the bus bar module 533 has an annular portion 631 having an annular shape and extends from the annular portion 631 to enable connection with an external device such as a power supply device or an ECU (electronic control device). It has three external connection terminals 632 and a winding connection terminal 633 connected to the winding ends of each phase in the stator winding 521.
  • the bus bar module 533 corresponds to a “terminal module”.
  • the annular portion 631 is arranged inside the outer peripheral wall WA1 in the inverter housing 531 in the radial direction and on one side in the axial direction of each electric module 532.
  • the annular portion 631 has an annular main body formed of an insulating member such as resin, and a plurality of bus bars embedded therein. The plurality of bus bars are connected to the module terminal 615 of each electric module 532, each external connection terminal 632, and each phase winding of the stator winding 521. The details will be described later.
  • the external connection terminal 632 includes a high-potential-side power terminal 632A and a low-potential-side power terminal 632B that are connected to the power supply device, and one signal terminal 632C that is connected to the external ECU.
  • These external connection terminals 632 (632A to 632C) are arranged in a row in the circumferential direction and are provided so as to extend in the axial direction on the radially inner side of the annular portion 631.
  • one end of the external connection terminal 632 is configured to project from the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543. .. Specifically, as shown in FIGS.
  • the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543 is provided with an insertion hole 547a, and the cylindrical grommet 635 is attached to the insertion hole 547a and the grommet 635 is attached.
  • the external connection terminal 632 is provided in a state in which the 635 is inserted.
  • the grommet 635 also functions as a sealed connector.
  • the winding connection terminal 633 is a terminal connected to the winding end of each phase of the stator winding 521, and is provided so as to extend radially outward from the annular portion 631.
  • the winding connection terminals 633 are winding connection terminals 633U connected to the ends of the U-phase windings of the stator winding 521, winding connection terminals 633V connected to the ends of the V-phase windings, and W-phase windings. It has winding connection terminals 633W which are respectively connected to the connections at the ends of the wires.
  • a current sensor 634 that detects the current (U-phase current, V-phase current, W-phase current) flowing in each winding connection terminal 633 and each phase winding may be provided (see FIG. 70).
  • the current sensor 634 may be arranged outside the electric module 532 and around each winding connection terminal 633, or may be arranged inside the electric module 532.
  • FIG. 69 is a diagram showing each electric module 532 in a flattened state, and schematically showing an electrical connection state between each electric module 532 and the bus bar module 533.
  • FIG. 70 is a diagram schematically showing the connection between the electric modules 532 and the bus bar module 533 in a state where the electric modules 532 are arranged in an annular shape. Note that, in FIG. 69, paths for power transmission are indicated by solid lines, and paths for signal transmission systems are indicated by alternate long and short dash lines. In FIG. 70, only the path for power transmission is shown.
  • the bus bar module 533 has a first bus bar 641, a second bus bar 642, and a third bus bar 643 as bus bars for power transmission.
  • the first bus bar 641 is connected to the power terminal 632A on the high potential side
  • the second bus bar 642 is connected to the power terminal 632B on the low potential side.
  • the three third bus bars 643 are connected to the U-phase winding connection terminal 633U, the V-phase winding connection terminal 633V, and the W-phase winding connection terminal 633W, respectively.
  • the winding connection terminal 633 and the third bus bar 643 are portions that easily generate heat due to the operation of the rotating electric machine 10. Therefore, a terminal block (not shown) may be interposed between the winding connection terminal 633 and the third bus bar 643, and the terminal block may be brought into contact with the inverter housing 531 having the cooling water passage 545.
  • the winding connection terminal 633 and the third bus bar 643 may be bent in a crank shape to bring the winding connection terminal 633 and the third bus bar 643 into contact with the inverter housing 531 having the cooling water passage 545.
  • the heat generated in the winding connection terminal 633 and the third bus bar 643 can be radiated to the cooling water in the cooling water passage 545.
  • the first bus bar 641 and the second bus bar 642 are shown as bus bars having an annular shape, but these bus bars 641 and 642 do not necessarily have to be connected in an annular shape, and are arranged in a circumferential direction. It may have a substantially C-shape with a discontinuous portion. Further, since each winding connection terminal 633U, 633V, 633W need only be individually connected to the switch module 532A corresponding to each phase, each switch module 532A (actually, in actuality, not through the bus bar module 533. It may be configured to be connected to the module terminal 615).
  • each switch module 532A has four module terminals 615 consisting of a positive electrode side terminal, a negative electrode side terminal, a winding terminal and a signal terminal.
  • the positive electrode side terminal is connected to the first bus bar 641
  • the negative electrode side terminal is connected to the second bus bar 642
  • the winding terminal is connected to the third bus bar 643.
  • bus bar module 533 has a fourth bus bar 644 as a signal transmission system bus bar.
  • the signal terminal of each switch module 532A is connected to the fourth bus bar 644, and the fourth bus bar 644 is connected to the signal terminal 632C.
  • each switch module 532A is configured to be connected to the signal terminal 632C without passing through the control device with a built-in rotating electric machine on the way.
  • the rotary electric machine has a control device built-in and a control signal from the control device is input to each switch module 532A.
  • the controller 652 has a control board 651 mounted thereon, and the controller 652 is connected to each switch module 532A.
  • a signal terminal 632C is connected to the control device 652.
  • the control device 652 inputs a command signal relating to power running or power generation from, for example, an external ECU that is a host control device, and appropriately turns on/off the switches 601 and 602 of each switch module 532A based on the command signal.
  • control board 651 may be arranged on the vehicle outer side (the inner side of the rotor carrier 511) than the bus bar module 533.
  • control board 651 may be arranged between each electric module 532 and the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543.
  • the control board 651 may be arranged so that at least a part of each of the electric modules 532 overlaps in the axial direction.
  • each capacitor module 532B has two module terminals 615 composed of a positive electrode side terminal and a negative electrode side terminal, the positive electrode side terminal is connected to the first bus bar 641, and the negative electrode side terminal is connected to the second bus bar 642. Has been done.
  • the inverter housing 531 is provided with a projecting portion 573 having a cooling water inlet passage 571 and a cooling water inlet passage 572 at a position aligned with each electric module 532 in the circumferential direction.
  • the external connection terminal 632 is provided so as to be adjacent to the protruding portion 573 in the radial direction.
  • the protrusion 573 and the external connection terminal 632 are provided at the same angular position in the circumferential direction.
  • the external connection terminal 632 is provided at a position on the radially inner side of the protruding portion 573.
  • the water passage port 574 and the external connection terminal 632 are provided in the end plate 547 of the boss forming member 543 in the radial direction (see FIG. 48).
  • the cooling pipe H2 is connected to the waterway port 574 and the electric wiring H1 is connected to the external connection terminal 632, and in that state, the electric wiring H1 and the cooling
  • the piping H2 is housed in the housing duct 440.
  • three switch modules 532A are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction in the inverter housing 531 next to the external connection terminal 632, and six capacitor modules 532B are arranged next to each other in the circumferential direction.
  • this may be changed.
  • the configuration may be such that the three switch modules 532A are arranged side by side at a position farthest from the external connection terminal 632, that is, at a position on the opposite side with the rotary shaft 501 interposed therebetween.
  • each switch module 532A is arranged at the position farthest from the external connection terminal 632, that is, at the position on the opposite side across the rotary shaft 501, the mutual inductance between the external connection terminal 632 and each switch module 532A is set. It is possible to suppress malfunctions and the like caused by.
  • the inverter housing 531 is provided with a resolver 660 that detects the electrical angle ⁇ of the rotating electric machine 500.
  • the resolver 660 is an electromagnetic induction type sensor, and includes a resolver rotor 661 fixed to the rotating shaft 501 and a resolver stator 662 arranged radially outside of the resolver rotor 661 to face each other.
  • the resolver rotor 661 has a disc ring shape and is provided coaxially with the rotary shaft 501 with the rotary shaft 501 inserted therethrough.
  • the resolver stator 662 includes an annular stator core 663 and a stator coil 664 wound around a plurality of teeth formed on the stator core 663.
  • the stator coil 664 includes a one-phase exciting coil and a two-phase output coil.
  • the excitation coil of the stator coil 664 is excited by a sinusoidal excitation signal, and the magnetic flux generated in the excitation coil by the excitation signal interlinks the pair of output coils.
  • the pair of output coils are linked.
  • the number of magnetic fluxes generated changes periodically.
  • the pair of output coils and the exciting coil are arranged so that the phases of the voltages generated in the pair of output coils are shifted from each other by ⁇ /2.
  • the output voltage of each of the pair of output coils becomes a modulated wave obtained by modulating the excitation signal with each of the modulated waves sin ⁇ and cos ⁇ . More specifically, when the excitation signal is “sin ⁇ t”, the modulated waves are “sin ⁇ sin ⁇ t” and “cos ⁇ sin ⁇ t”, respectively.
  • the resolver 660 has a resolver digital converter.
  • the resolver digital converter calculates the electrical angle ⁇ by detection based on the generated modulated wave and excitation signal.
  • the resolver 660 is connected to the signal terminal 632C, and the calculation result of the resolver digital converter is output to the external device via the signal terminal 632C.
  • the calculation result of the resolver digital converter is input to the control device.
  • the boss portion 548 of the boss forming member 543 forming the inverter housing 531 has a hollow cylindrical shape, and the inner peripheral side of the boss portion 548 has a direction orthogonal to the axial direction. Is formed with a protrusion 548a. Then, the resolver stator 662 is fixed by a screw or the like in a state where the resolver stator 662 is in axial contact with the protruding portion 548a. Inside the boss portion 548, a bearing 560 is provided on one side in the axial direction with the protruding portion 548a interposed therebetween, and a resolver 660 is coaxially provided on the other side.
  • the hollow portion of the boss portion 548 is provided with a projecting portion 548a on one side of the resolver 660 in the axial direction, and on the other side, a disc ring-shaped housing cover 666 that closes the accommodating space of the resolver 660. Is attached.
  • the housing cover 666 is made of a conductive material such as carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP).
  • a hole 666a through which the rotary shaft 501 is inserted is formed in the center of the housing cover 666.
  • a seal material 667 that seals a gap between the hole 666a and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 501 is provided.
  • the resolver accommodating space is sealed by the sealing material 667.
  • the sealing material 667 may be a sliding seal made of a resin material, for example.
  • the space in which the resolver 660 is accommodated is a space surrounded by the annular boss portion 548 in the boss forming member 543 and is axially sandwiched by the bearing 560 and the housing cover 666.
  • the circumference of the resolver 660 is electrically conductive. Surrounded by material. As a result, the influence of electromagnetic noise on the resolver 660 can be suppressed.
  • the inverter housing 531 has the double outer peripheral wall WA1 and the double inner peripheral wall WA2 (see FIG. 57), and the double outer peripheral wall (outer side of the outer peripheral wall WA1) is provided.
  • a stator 520 is arranged, an electric module 532 is arranged between the double peripheral walls (between WA1 and WA2), and a resolver 660 is arranged inside the double peripheral walls (inside the inner peripheral wall WA2).
  • the inverter housing 531 is a conductive member
  • the stator 520 and the resolver 660 are arranged so as to be separated from each other by a conductive partition wall (particularly a double conductive partition wall in the present embodiment). It is possible to preferably suppress mutual magnetic interference between the child 520 side (magnetic circuit side) and the resolver 660.
  • the rotor carrier 511 is open on one side in the axial direction, and a substantially disc ring-shaped rotor cover 670 is attached to the open end.
  • the rotor cover 670 may be fixed to the rotor carrier 511 by an arbitrary joining method such as welding, adhesion, and screw fixing. It is more preferable that the rotor cover 670 has a portion that is dimensioned smaller than the inner circumference of the rotor carrier 511 so that the axial movement of the magnet unit 512 can be suppressed.
  • the outer diameter of the rotor cover 670 matches the outer diameter of the rotor carrier 511, and the inner diameter of the rotor cover 670 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the inverter housing 531.
  • the outer diameter of the inverter housing 531 and the inner diameter of the stator 520 are the same.
  • the stator 520 is fixed to the outer side of the inverter housing 531 in the radial direction, and at the joint portion where the stator 520 and the inverter housing 531 are joined to each other, the inverter housing 531 is attached to the shaft of the stator 520. Protruding in the direction.
  • a rotor cover 670 is attached so as to surround the protruding portion of the inverter housing 531.
  • a seal material 671 is provided between the inner peripheral end surface of the rotor cover 670 and the outer peripheral surface of the inverter housing 531 to seal the gap between them.
  • the housing space for the magnet unit 512 and the stator 520 is sealed by the sealing material 671.
  • the sealing material 671 may be a sliding seal made of a resin material, for example.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 of the inverter housing 531 is arranged radially inside the magnetic circuit portion including the magnet unit 512 and the stator winding 521, and the cooling water passage 545 is formed in the outer peripheral wall WA1.
  • a plurality of electric modules 532 are arranged radially inside the outer peripheral wall WA1 along the outer peripheral wall WA1 in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnetic circuit portion, the cooling water passage 545, and the power converter can be arranged so as to be laminated in the radial direction of the rotating electric machine 500, and efficient component arrangement is possible while reducing the dimension in the axial direction.
  • high efficiency and miniaturization can be realized.
  • the electric module 532 (switch module 532A, capacitor module 532B) having heat generating components such as semiconductor switching elements and capacitors is provided in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall WA1. Thereby, the heat in each electric module 532 is transmitted to the outer peripheral wall WA1, and the electric module 532 is appropriately cooled by the heat exchange in the outer peripheral wall WA1.
  • coolers 623 are arranged on both sides of the switches 601 and 602, respectively, and at least one cooler of the coolers 623 on both sides of the switches 601 and 602 is provided on the opposite side to the switches 601 and 602.
  • the capacitor 604 is arranged.
  • the coolers 623 are arranged on both sides of the switches 601 and 602 respectively, and one of the coolers 623 on both sides of the switches 601 and 602 is driven on the opposite side to the switches 601 and 602.
  • the circuit 603 is arranged, and the condenser 604 is arranged on the opposite side of the switches 601 and 602 in the other cooler 623.
  • the cooling water is introduced from the cooling water passage 545 into the module, and the semiconductor switching elements and the like are cooled by the cooling water.
  • the switch module 532A is cooled by heat exchange by the cooling water inside the module in addition to the heat exchange by the cooling water at the outer peripheral wall WA1. This can enhance the cooling effect of the switch module 532A.
  • the switch module 532A is arranged on the upstream side near the inlet passage 571 of the cooling water passage 545, and the condenser module 532B is arranged in the switch module 532A. It is configured to be arranged on the downstream side. In this case, assuming that the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 545 has a lower temperature on the upstream side, it is possible to realize a configuration in which the switch module 532A is preferentially cooled.
  • a part of the interval between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is expanded, and a projecting portion 573 having an inlet passage 571 and an outlet passage 572 is provided in a portion that becomes the expanded interval (second interval INT2).
  • the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 of the cooling water passage 545 can be preferably formed in the portion on the radially inner side of the outer peripheral wall WA1. That is, it is necessary to secure the flow rate of the refrigerant in order to improve the cooling performance, and for that purpose, it is conceivable to increase the opening area of the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572.
  • by partially expanding the interval between the electric modules and providing the protrusion 573 it is possible to preferably form the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 of a desired size.
  • the external connection terminals 632 of the bus bar module 533 are arranged at positions radially aligned with the protruding portion 573 on the radially inner side of the outer peripheral wall WA1. That is, the external connection terminal 632 is arranged together with the protrusion 573 in a portion (a portion corresponding to the second gap INT2) in which the gap between the electric modules adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is widened. Thereby, the external connection terminals 632 can be preferably arranged while avoiding interference with each electric module 532.
  • the stator 520 is fixed to the outer side of the outer peripheral wall WA1 in the radial direction, and the plurality of electric modules 532 are arranged on the inner side in the radial direction.
  • the heat of the stator 520 is transferred from the outer side in the radial direction to the outer peripheral wall WA1, and the heat of the electric module 532 is transferred from the inner side in the radial direction.
  • the stator 520 and the electric module 532 can be simultaneously cooled by the cooling water flowing through the cooling water passage 545, and the heat of the heat generating member in the rotary electric machine 500 can be efficiently released.
  • the electric module 532 on the inner side in the radial direction and the stator winding 521 on the outer side in the radial direction with the outer peripheral wall WA1 sandwiched are electrically connected by the winding connecting terminals 633 of the bus bar module 533. Further, in this case, the winding connection terminal 633 is provided at a position axially separated from the cooling water passage 545. As a result, even if the cooling water passage 545 is formed in an annular shape in the outer peripheral wall WA1, that is, the inside and outside of the outer peripheral wall WA1 are divided by the cooling water passage 545, the electric module 532 and the stator winding 521 are formed. And can be suitably connected.
  • the torque limitation due to magnetic saturation occurring between the conductors 523 is reduced by reducing or eliminating the teeth (iron core) between the conductors 523 arranged in the circumferential direction in the stator 520. And suppressing the decrease in torque by making the conductive wire 523 flat and thin.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 having the water passage 545 and the plurality of electric modules 532 provided on the radially inner side of the outer peripheral wall WA1 can be suitably arranged.
  • the magnet magnetic flux gathers on the d-axis side in the magnet unit 512, so that the magnet magnetic flux on the d-axis is strengthened and the torque can be increased accordingly.
  • the thickness of the magnet unit 512 in the radial direction can be reduced (thinned), it is possible to expand the radially inner region of the magnetic circuit portion, and use the inner region.
  • the outer peripheral wall WA1 having the cooling water passage 545 and the plurality of electric modules 532 provided inside the outer peripheral wall WA1 in the radial direction can be suitably arranged.
  • the magnetic circuit portion, the outer peripheral wall WA1, and the plurality of electric modules 532, but also the bearing 560 and the resolver 660 can be similarly preferably arranged in the radial direction.
  • a wheel 400 using the rotating electric machine 500 as an in-wheel motor is mounted on the vehicle body via a base plate 405 fixed to the inverter housing 531 and a mounting mechanism such as a suspension device.
  • a mounting mechanism such as a suspension device.
  • the electric module 532 and the bus bar module 533 are arranged inside the outer peripheral wall WA1 of the inverter unit 530 in the radial direction, and the electric module 532 and the bus bar are arranged inside and outside the outer peripheral wall WA1 in the radial direction.
  • the module 533 and the stator 520 are arranged respectively.
  • the position of the bus bar module 533 with respect to the electric module 532 can be set arbitrarily.
  • a winding connection wire for example, a winding connection terminal 633 used for the connection is provided.
  • the guidance position can be set arbitrarily.
  • ( ⁇ 1) a configuration in which the winding connection line is guided outside the vehicle in the axial direction, that is, on the back side on the rotor carrier 511 side
  • ( ⁇ 2) a configuration in which the winding connection line is guided inside the vehicle in the axial direction, that is, on the front side of the rotor carrier 511 side, Is possible.
  • FIGS. 72(a) to 72(d) are vertical cross-sectional views showing a simplified configuration of the rotary electric machine 500, in which the configurations already described are denoted by the same reference numerals.
  • the winding connection line 637 is an electrical wiring that connects each phase winding of the stator winding 521 and the bus bar module 533, and the winding connection terminal 633 described above corresponds to this, for example.
  • the above ( ⁇ 1) is adopted as the position of the bus bar module 533 with respect to the electric module 532, and the above ( ⁇ 1) is adopted as the position for guiding the winding connection wire 637. That is, the electric module 532, the bus bar module 533, the stator winding 521, and the bus bar module 533 are all connected outside the vehicle (on the inner side of the rotor carrier 511). Note that this corresponds to the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the cooling water passage 545 can be provided in the outer peripheral wall WA1 without concern about interference with the winding connection wire 637. Further, the winding connecting wire 637 for connecting the stator winding 521 and the bus bar module 533 can be easily realized.
  • the above ( ⁇ 1) is adopted as the position of the bus bar module 533 with respect to the electric module 532, and the above ( ⁇ 2) is adopted as the position for guiding the winding connection wire 637. That is, the electric module 532 and the busbar module 533 are connected outside the vehicle (the inner side of the rotor carrier 511), and the stator winding 521 and the busbar module 533 are inside the vehicle (the front side of the rotor carrier 511). It is configured to be connected with.
  • the cooling water passage 545 can be provided in the outer peripheral wall WA1 without concern about interference with the winding connection wire 637.
  • the above ( ⁇ 2) is adopted as the position of the bus bar module 533 with respect to the electric module 532, and the above ( ⁇ 1) is adopted as the position for guiding the winding connection wire 637. That is, the electric module 532 and the bus bar module 533 are connected inside the vehicle (front side of the rotor carrier 511), and the stator winding 521 and the bus bar module 533 are outside the vehicle (back side of the rotor carrier 511). It is configured to be connected with.
  • the above ( ⁇ 2) is adopted as the position of the bus bar module 533 with respect to the electric module 532, and the above ( ⁇ 2) is adopted as the position for guiding the winding connection wire 637. That is, the electric module 532, the bus bar module 533, the stator winding 521, and the bus bar module 533 are all connected inside the vehicle (front side of the rotor carrier 511).
  • the bus bar module 533 is arranged inside the vehicle (front side of the rotor carrier 511), so that an electric component such as a fan motor is temporarily added. In that case, it is considered that the wiring becomes easy. In addition, it is possible that the busbar module 533 can be brought closer to the resolver 660 arranged on the vehicle inner side than the bearing, and wiring to the resolver 660 can be facilitated.
  • 73(a) to 73(c) are configuration diagrams showing an example of a mounting structure of the resolver rotor 661 to the rotating body.
  • the resolver 660 is surrounded by the rotor carrier 511, the inverter housing 531 and the like, and is provided in a hermetically sealed space protected from water and mud from the outside.
  • the bearing 560 has the same configuration as that of FIG. 49.
  • the bearing 560 has a configuration different from that of FIG. 49 and is arranged at a position away from the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511.
  • the resolver stator 662 is not shown, for example, the boss portion 548 of the boss forming member 543 may be extended to the outer peripheral side of the resolver rotor 661 or the vicinity thereof, and the resolver stator 662 may be fixed to the boss portion 548. ..
  • a resolver rotor 661 is attached to the inner ring 561 of the bearing 560.
  • the resolver rotor 661 is provided on the axial end surface of the flange 561b of the inner ring 561 or on the axial end surface of the tubular portion 561a of the inner ring 561.
  • a resolver rotor 661 is attached to the rotor carrier 511.
  • the resolver rotor 661 is provided on the inner surface of the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511.
  • the resolver rotor 661 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tubular portion 515 of the rotor carrier 511. ing. In the latter case, the resolver rotor 661 is arranged between the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511 and the bearing 560.
  • a resolver rotor 661 is attached to the rotary shaft 501.
  • the resolver rotor 661 is provided between the end plate 514 of the rotor carrier 511 and the bearing 560 on the rotary shaft 501, or is opposite to the rotor carrier 511 with the bearing 560 sandwiched on the rotary shaft 501. It is located on the side.
  • FIG. 74(a) and 74(b) are vertical cross-sectional views showing a simplified configuration of the rotary electric machine 500, in which the same reference numerals are given to the configurations already described.
  • the configuration shown in FIG. 74(a) substantially corresponds to the configuration described in FIG. 49 and the like, and the configuration shown in FIG. 74(b) is a configuration obtained by partially modifying the configuration of FIG. 74(a). Equivalent to.
  • a rotor cover 670 fixed to the open end of the rotor carrier 511 is provided so as to surround the outer peripheral wall WA1 of the inverter housing 531. That is, the inner diameter side end surface of the rotor cover 670 faces the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall WA1, and the seal material 671 is provided between them.
  • a housing cover 666 is attached to the hollow portion of the boss portion 548 of the inverter housing 531 and a sealing material 667 is provided between the housing cover 666 and the rotary shaft 501.
  • the external connection terminal 632 that constitutes the bus bar module 533 penetrates the inverter housing 531 and extends to the inside of the vehicle (the lower side in the drawing).
  • the inverter housing 531 is provided with an inlet passage 571 and an outlet passage 572 which communicate with the cooling water passage 545, and a water passage port 574 including passage end portions of the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572. ..
  • the inverter housing 531 (specifically, the boss forming member 543) is provided with the annular convex portion 681 extending to the protruding side (inside the vehicle) of the rotating shaft 501.
  • a rotor cover 670 is provided so as to surround the convex portion 681 of the inverter housing 531.
  • the end surface on the inner diameter side of the rotor cover 670 faces the outer peripheral surface of the convex portion 681, and the sealing material 671 is provided between them.
  • the external connection terminal 632 that constitutes the bus bar module 533 penetrates the boss portion 548 of the inverter housing 531 to extend into the hollow region of the boss portion 548, and penetrates the housing cover 666 to the inside of the vehicle (lower side in the figure). Extends to.
  • an inlet passage 571 and an outlet passage 572 that communicate with the cooling water passage 545 are formed in the inverter housing 531.
  • the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 extend into the hollow region of the boss portion 548, and the relay pipe is formed. It extends inwardly of the vehicle (lower side in the drawing) with respect to the housing cover 666 via 682.
  • the pipe portion extending from the housing cover 666 to the inside of the vehicle is the waterway port 574.
  • the rotor carrier 511 and the rotor cover 670 are connected to the inverter while maintaining the airtightness of the internal space of the rotor carrier 511 and the rotor cover 670. It can be suitably rotated with respect to the housing 531.
  • the inner diameter of the rotor cover 670 is smaller than that of the configuration of FIG. 74(a). Therefore, the inverter housing 531 and the rotor cover 670 are doubly provided in the axial direction at the position on the inner side of the vehicle with respect to the electric module 532, and the inconvenience caused by the electromagnetic noise of the electric module 532 is suppressed. can do. Further, by making the inner diameter of the rotor cover 670 small, the sliding diameter of the seal material 671 becomes small, and it is possible to suppress mechanical loss in the rotating sliding portion.
  • FIG. 75 shows a modification of the stator winding 521.
  • the stator winding 521 uses a conductor wire having a rectangular cross section, and is wound by corrugation with the long sides of the conductor wire extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the conductor wires 523 of each phase which are coil sides in the stator winding 521, are arranged at predetermined pitch intervals for each phase and are connected to each other at the coil ends.
  • the conductor wires 523 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the coil side are arranged such that their end faces in the circumferential direction are in contact with each other, or are closely arranged with a minute gap therebetween.
  • the conductor wire is bent in the radial direction for each phase at the coil end. More specifically, the stator winding 521 (conductor wire) is bent inward in the radial direction at different positions for each phase in the axial direction, whereby the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase windings are wound. Interference with each other is avoided.
  • each phase winding is made to differ by the thickness of the conductor wire, and the conductor wire is bent at a right angle inward in the radial direction for each phase.
  • the length dimension between both ends in the axial direction of each conductor 523 arranged in the circumferential direction may be the same for each conductor 523.
  • stator winding 521 When the stator core 522 is assembled to the stator winding 521 and the stator 520 is manufactured, a part of the annular shape of the stator winding 521 is disconnected and disconnected (that is, the stator winding 521). It is advisable to form the stator winding 521 in an annular shape by attaching the stator core 522 to the inner peripheral side of the stator winding 521 and connecting the separated portions to each other after the 521 is substantially C-shaped.
  • stator core 522 is divided into a plurality (for example, three or more) in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of divided core pieces are provided on the inner peripheral side of the stator winding 521 formed in an annular shape. It is also possible to attach.
  • the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 of the cooling water passage 545 are collectively provided at one place.
  • the passages 572 may be provided at different positions in the circumferential direction.
  • the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 may be provided at positions different by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction, or at least one of the inlet passage 571 and the outlet passage 572 may be provided in plural.
  • the rotating shaft 501 is projected to one side in the axial direction of the rotating electric machine 500, but this may be changed and the rotating shaft 501 may be projected in both axial directions. Accordingly, for example, a suitable configuration can be realized in a vehicle in which at least one of the front and rear of the vehicle has one wheel.
  • An inner rotor type rotating electric machine may be used as the rotating electric machine 500 used for the wheel 400.
  • the rotating electric machine is not limited to the star connection type, but may be the ⁇ connection type.
  • FIG. 76 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the outer rotor type rotary electric machine 700.
  • the rotating electrical machine 700 has a rotor 710 fixed to the rotating shaft 701 so as to be rotatable integrally therewith, and a stator 720 provided inside the rotor 710 in the radial direction.
  • the rotating shaft 701 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) as in the above-described configuration.
  • the rotor 710 corresponds to a “field element”
  • the stator 720 corresponds to an “armature”.
  • the rotor 710 has a magnet holder 711 formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and an annular magnet unit 712 fixed inside the magnet holder 711 in the radial direction.
  • the magnet holder 711 is fixed to the rotating shaft 701 and has a function as a magnet holding member.
  • the magnet unit 712 is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets arranged so that the polarities thereof alternate with each other along the circumferential direction of the rotor 710.
  • the magnet unit 712 corresponds to the “magnet part”.
  • the magnet unit 712 has a plurality of magnetic poles in the circumferential direction.
  • the magnet unit 712 has the configuration described as the magnet unit 42 in FIGS.
  • a sintered neodymium magnet having a density Br of 1.0 [T] or more is used.
  • the magnet unit 712 has a first magnet 91 and a second magnet 92 that are polar anisotropic magnets and have polarities different from each other, like the magnet unit 42 in FIG. 9 and the like. As described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9, in each of the magnets 91 and 92, the direction of the easy axis of magnetization differs between the d-axis side (portion near the d-axis) and the q-axis side (portion near the q-axis).
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is close to the direction parallel to the d-axis
  • the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is close to the direction orthogonal to the q-axis.
  • An arc-shaped magnet magnetic path is formed with an orientation corresponding to the direction of the easy axis of magnetization.
  • the easy axis of magnetization may be parallel to the d axis on the d-axis side
  • the easy axis of magnetization may be orthogonal to the q axis on the q-axis side.
  • the magnet unit 712 is oriented on the d-axis side, which is the center of the magnetic pole, so that the direction of the easy axis of magnetization is parallel to the d-axis, compared to the q-axis side, which is the magnetic pole boundary. ..
  • the configuration of the magnet unit 42 shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 or the configuration of the magnet unit 42 shown in FIG. 30 can be used.
  • the stator 720 has a stator winding 721 as an armature winding and a stator core 722.
  • the stator winding 721 is composed of a plurality of phase windings 723 wound in a substantially tubular shape (annular shape), and a stator core 722 as a core member is attached to the inside of the stator winding 721 in the radial direction. ing.
  • the phase winding 723 of each phase is wound in the circumferential direction in a predetermined arrangement order for each phase.
  • the stator winding 721 is configured as a three-phase winding, and has a U-phase winding 723U, a V-phase winding 723V, and a W-phase winding 723W.
  • the phase winding 723 of each phase is star-connected (Y-connected). However, the configuration may be such that each phase winding 723 is ⁇ -connected.
  • the radial thickness dimension is smaller than the circumferential width dimension of one phase in one magnetic pole (that is, It is preferable to have a flat conductor structure).
  • the stator winding 721 may be configured by a conductor wire that bundles a plurality of element wires (thin wires) into one.
  • the stator winding 721 may be a stranded wire in which a plurality of element wires (thin wires) are twisted.
  • the stator core 722 has a cylindrical shape in which a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates are laminated in the axial direction and has a predetermined thickness in the radial direction.
  • the stator winding 721 is assembled on the radially outer side on the rotor 710 side.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 722 has a curved surface shape without unevenness, and when the stator winding 721 is assembled, the coil side conductor of the stator winding 721 extends along the outer peripheral surface of the stator core 722.
  • the parts 724 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction.
  • the coil side conductor portion 724 is a portion corresponding to the coil side in the conductor wire that constitutes the phase winding 723 of each phase, that is, a portion that is located axially inward of the coil end.
  • the range (R1 in the figure) that overlaps with the magnet unit 712 in the range from one end in the axial direction of the stator winding 721 to the other end in the axial direction is the coil side conductor portion 724. Since the coil side is at the intermediate position between the coil ends at both ends in the axial direction, it can be said that the coil side conductive wire portion 724 is the intermediate conductive wire portion.
  • the stator core 722 functions as a back core.
  • an inter-conductor member (teeth that is an iron core) extending in the radial direction from the stator core 722, that is, the stator winding 721 is located between the coil side conductor portions 724 arranged in the circumferential direction in the stator winding 721.
  • the inter-conductor member that connects the radially inner side and the radially outer side is not provided, and has a so-called slotless structure.
  • the stator winding 721 is integrally molded with the stator core 722 by a molding material (insulating member) made of resin or the like. In this case, a portion of the stator winding 721 corresponding to the coil end is covered with the molding material. Further, the molding material may be interposed between the coil side conductor portions 724 arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the stator winding 721 may be solidified by impregnating varnish at the coil end.
  • a stator holding member 730 is assembled inside the stator core 722 in the radial direction, and the stator 720 is held by the stator holding member 730.
  • the stator holding member 730 has a tubular portion 731 arranged inside the stator core 722 in the radial direction, and in the tubular portion 731, a refrigerant passage 732 for circulating a refrigerant such as cooling water in an annular shape.
  • An electric module including a semiconductor switching element or the like may be arranged inside the tubular portion 731 in the radial direction, and the electric module may be cooled by the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant passage 732.
  • the stator holding member 730 has a plate-shaped end plate portion 733 extending in a direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 701 on one end side of the tubular portion 731 in the axial direction.
  • a through hole 734 through which the rotation shaft 701 is inserted is formed in the center of the end plate portion 733, and a rotation sensor 740 that detects the rotation state of the rotation shaft 701 (rotor 710) is formed in the through hole 734.
  • the rotation sensor 740 is a magnetic detection type rotation angle sensor including, for example, a resolver, and includes a resolver rotor 741 fixed to a rotation shaft 701, and a resolver stator 742 arranged to face the resolver rotor 741 in the radial direction. Equipped with.
  • the resolver rotor 741 has a disc ring shape, and is coaxial with the rotary shaft 701 with the rotary shaft 701 inserted.
  • the resolver stator 742 has a stator core and a stator coil (not shown), and is fixed to the end plate portion 733 of the stator holding member 730.
  • the rotation sensor 740 may be a magnetic sensor other than the resolver, for example, an MR sensor using a magnetoresistive effect element or a Hall sensor using a Hall element.
  • FIG. 78 is a plan development view showing the winding order of the U-phase winding 723U of the three-phase phase winding 723 in the stator winding 721.
  • the three-phase windings 723U, 723V, and 723W are in the order of U-phase ⁇ V-phase ⁇ W-phase from left to right in the figure. Each of them is arranged so that they are wound in the same manner.
  • each magnetic pole of the rotor 710 is shown as P1 (N pole), P2 (S pole), P3 (N pole), P4 (S pole), P5 (N pole), P6 (S pole),
  • the U-phase winding 723U for 6 magnetic poles, that is, for 3 magnetic pole pairs is shown.
  • the phase windings 723U, 723V, and 723W of each phase two coil side conductors 724 of the same phase are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole.
  • FIG. 78 shows some magnetic poles of the rotor 710. That is, the number of poles of the rotary electric machine 700 is arbitrary, and the number of poles may be eight or more.
  • one side in the axial direction is the first coil end CE1
  • the other side in the axial direction is the second coil end CE2
  • the space between them is the coil side CS.
  • each coil side conductor portion 724 in the U-phase winding 723U is the first, second, seventh, eighth, thirteenth, fourteenth,... ⁇ Further, if the number of phases of the stator winding 721 is m, and the number of in-phase coil side conductors 724 of the same phase for each magnetic pole is arranged in the circumferential direction as n, generalization is performed.
  • the positions are 1st, 2nd, 1+(m ⁇ s)th, 2+(m ⁇ s)th, 1+2(m ⁇ s)th, 2+2(m ⁇ s)th, and so on.
  • m ⁇ s 6.
  • each coil side conductor portion 724 for each magnetic pole is continuously connected to each other at the coil ends CE1 and CE2.
  • the coil side conductive wire portions 724 having two magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction and having the same phase are connected via the first connecting portion 751.
  • the first and seventh coil side conductive wire portions 724 are connected via the first crossover portion 751 and the second and eighth coil portions CE1 and 752 are connected.
  • the second coil side conductor portion 724 is also connected via the first connecting portion 751.
  • the coil side conductive wire portion 724 having two magnetic poles that are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and sandwiching two magnetic poles in the same phase has a second transitional portion 752 that extends in the same circumferential direction as the first transitional portion 751. Connected through.
  • the first and twentieth coil side conductor portions 724 are connected via the second connecting portion 752.
  • the second connecting portion 752 connecting the coil side conductive wire portions 724 of the magnetic poles P1 and P4 is the same as the first connecting portion 751 on the other end side (first coil end CE1 side) in the circumferential direction with the coil side conductive wire portion 724 being sandwiched therebetween. It extends in the direction.
  • the connecting portions 751 and 752 at both ends extending from the first coil side conductive wire portion 724 are both configured to extend in the right direction in the drawing.
  • the thirteenth and thirty-second coil side conductor portions 724 are connected via the second connecting portion 752.
  • the second connecting portion 752 connecting the coil side conductive wire portions 724 of the magnetic poles P3 and P6 and the first connecting portion 751 on the other end side (first coil end CE1 side) with the coil side conductive wire portion 724 sandwiched therebetween are surrounded. It extends in the same direction.
  • the coil side conductor portions 724 separated by a coil pitch of m ⁇ n in the two magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction are connected via the first connecting portion 751.
  • the two coil poles that are separated from each other in the circumferential direction with the two magnetic poles therebetween are connected to the coil side conductive wire portion 724 that is farthest in the circumferential direction in each magnetic pole through the second crossover portion 752. ing.
  • the coil side conductor portions 724 other than the coil side conductor portion 724 to which the second crossover portion 752 is connected are connected to each other by the coil side conductor portions 724 of two adjacent magnetic poles. .. That is, in the second coil end CE2, the coil side conductor portions 724 of two magnetic poles adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, which are close to each other in the circumferential direction, are connected to each other via the crossover portion 753. Specifically, for example, in the magnetic poles P1 and P2 that are adjacent to each other, the second and seventh coil side conductor portions 724 are connected to each other via the transition portion 753.
  • the first crossover portion 751 and the second crossover portion 752 on both sides in the axial direction of the coil side conducting wire portion 724 are configured to extend in the same direction in the circumferential direction, so that the first crossover portion 751 and the second crossover portion 752.
  • the phase winding 723 is less likely to be frayed or displaced. That is, in the above-described configuration, the phase winding 723 of each phase is provided so as to surround the phase winding 723 of each different phase for each magnetic pole pair (that is, every two magnetic poles) so as to be wound with the adjacent magnetic pole pair.
  • the second crossover portion 752 which is connected between them, is also provided so as to wind the phase windings 723 of different phases in the magnetic pole pair.
  • a force acts on the coil side conductor portion 724 in the direction of closing the inside of each magnetic pole pair, and the stator
  • the winding 721 is scattered does not occur. Therefore, between the coil side conductor portions 724 arranged in the circumferential direction, a stator 720 in which an inter-conductor member (teeth) connecting the inner side and the outer side in the radial direction of the stator winding 721 is not provided, a so-called slotless. Even with the stator 720 having the structure, the phase winding 723 is prevented from being frayed or displaced. As a result, the structure of the stator winding 721 can be optimized.
  • stator 720 having the slotless structure has reduced inductance, and in some cases, there is a concern that the electrical time constant or the mechanical time constant may decrease.
  • the conductor length of the second connecting portion 752 is longer than that of the first connecting portion 751, the inductance can be increased and the reduction of the electrical time constant and the mechanical time constant can be appropriately dealt with. it is conceivable that.
  • the stator core is unevenly distributed on one side and the other side in the axial direction with reference to the axial center position of the coil side conductor portion 724 in the stator winding 721. 722 is provided. That is, on the second coil end CE2 side, the protrusion amount of the stator core 722 to the outside in the axial direction of the coil side conductor portion 724 is larger than that on the first coil end CE1 side.
  • CA is the axial center position of the coil side conductive wire portion 724 in the stator winding 721, and the length from the CA to the core end surface on the first coil end CE1 side is L1, When the length to the core end surface on the 2-coil end CE2 side is L2, the lengths L1 and L2 are L2>L1. As a result, on the second coil end CE2 side, the protrusion amount of the stator core 722 to the outside in the axial direction of the coil side conductor portion 724 is larger than that on the first coil end CE1 side.
  • a suitable configuration can be realized while taking into consideration that the degree of magnetic flux leakage differs between the first coil end CE1 side and the second coil end CE2 side.
  • the influence on the rotation sensor 740 is different depending on whether the rotation sensor 740 is provided near the first coil end CE1 or near the second coil end CE2.
  • the rotation sensor 740 is provided on the first coil end CE1 side of the first coil end CE1 side and the second coil end CE2 side in the axial direction.
  • the stator winding 721 may be configured to have a first winding group and a second winding group each having a multi-phase winding.
  • FIG. 79 shows the stator winding 721 in this configuration.
  • the stator winding 721 has a first winding group 761 and a second winding group 762.
  • the first winding group 761 is a three-phase winding that forms a U1 phase, a V1 phase, and a W1 phase, and includes a U1 phase winding 763U, a V1 phase winding 763V, and a W1 phase winding 763W.
  • the second winding group 762 is a three-phase winding that forms the U2 phase, the V2 phase, and the W2 phase, and includes the U2 phase winding 764U, the V2 phase winding 764V, and the W2 phase winding 764W. .. That is, the stator winding 721 has six phase windings.
  • Each of the winding groups 761 and 762 is configured such that the coil side conductive wire portions 724 of the respective phases are alternately arranged one by one in the circumferential direction.
  • energization control may be performed by a separate inverter, for example, in a phase shifted by 30 degrees in electrical angle.
  • FIG. 80 is a plan development view showing the winding order of the U1-phase winding 763U and the U2-phase winding 764U of the two winding groups 761 and 762 in the stator winding 721.
  • the winding groups 761 and 762 of each 3-phase are U1 from the left to the right of the drawing.
  • the phases are arranged in the order of phase ⁇ U2 phase ⁇ V1 phase ⁇ V2 phase ⁇ W1 phase ⁇ W2 phase.
  • each magnetic pole of the rotor 710 is shown as P1 (N pole), P2 (S pole), P3 (N pole), and P4 (S pole), and four magnetic poles, that is, two magnetic pole pairs of U1 phase.
  • Winding 763U and U2-phase winding 764U are shown.
  • the U2-phase winding 764U of the U1-phase winding 763U and the U2-phase winding 764U is indicated by a thick line.
  • two coil side conductors 724 of the same phase are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole, as in FIG. 78.
  • the first coil end CE1, the second coil end CE2, and the coil side CS in the stator winding 721 are the same as in FIG.
  • each of the U1 phase winding 763U and the U2 phase winding 764U has two coil side conductive wire portions 724 arranged in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole.
  • the leftmost position in the drawing is the first position, the first position, the second position, the 13th position, the 14th position, the 25th position, the 26th position, It has become.
  • the number of phases of the stator winding 721 is m, and the number of in-phase coil side conductive wire portions 724 of each magnetic pole arranged in the circumferential direction is generalized to n, the number of phases of each coil side conductive wire portion 724 in the U1 phase winding 763U is reduced.
  • the positions are 1st, 2nd, 1+(mxs), 2+(mxs), 1+2(mxs), 2+2(mxs), and so on.
  • m ⁇ s 12.
  • the coil side conductor portion of the same phase is formed by using the first connecting portion 751 and the second connecting portion 752 on the first coil end CE1 side and the second coil end CE2 side, respectively. 724 are connected to each other.
  • the first connecting portion 751 is a connecting portion that connects the coil side conductive wire portions 724 that are separated by a coil pitch of m ⁇ n between two magnetic poles that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction
  • the second connecting portion 752 is a peripheral portion.
  • the crossover portion connects the coil side conductive wire portions 724 that are the most distant in the circumferential direction in each magnetic pole.
  • the U1 phase winding 763U is referred to as “first transition portion 751A and second transition portion 752A”
  • the U2 phase winding 764U is referred to as “first transition portion 751B and second transition portion 751A. Section 752B”.
  • the first transition part 751A is provided on the first coil end CE1 side
  • the second transition part 752A is provided on the second coil end CE2 side.
  • the second crossover portion 752B is provided on the first coil end CE1 side
  • the first crossover portion 751B is provided on the second coil end CE2 side.
  • the first crossover portions 751 and the second crossover portions 752 in the coil ends CE1 and CE2 are axially reversed. ing. Therefore, even if the conductor lengths of the first connecting portion 751 and the second connecting portion 752 are different, the magnetic environment can be made the same in both coil ends CE1 and CE2.
  • Modification 15 can be embodied as follows.
  • in the stator winding 721 two in-phase coil side conductor portions 724 are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole.
  • the coil side conductive wire portions 724 of the same phase may be arranged one by one, or the coil side conductive wire portions 724 of the same phase may be arranged by arranging three magnetic poles in the circumferential direction for each magnetic pole. That is, the number of in-phase coil side conductive wire portions 724 for each magnetic pole may be arbitrary.
  • the configuration in which the inter-conductor member that connects the radially inner side and the radially outer side of the stator winding 721 is not provided between the coil side conductor portions 724 arranged in the circumferential direction is not necessarily the stator.
  • the configuration may be such that a part of the core 722 does not exist at all.
  • the stator core 722 as the inter-conductor member has a dimension smaller than the radial thickness of the coil side conductor portion 724 (for example, a dimension of 1 ⁇ 2 or less, 1 ⁇ 3 or less, 1 ⁇ 4 or less, etc.) and a radially outer side. It may be configured to have a protrusion extending to the.
  • the rotating electric machine 700 may be an inner rotor type rotating electric machine. Further, the rotating electric machine 700 may be a rotating armature-type rotating electric machine. In this case, the rotor is used as an armature and the stator is used as a field element.
  • the disclosure in this specification is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.
  • the disclosure encompasses the illustrated embodiments and variations on them based on them.
  • the disclosure is not limited to the combination of parts and/or elements shown in the embodiments.
  • the disclosure can be implemented in various combinations.
  • the disclosure may have additional parts that may be added to the embodiments.
  • the disclosure includes omissions of parts and/or elements of the embodiments.
  • the disclosure includes replacements or combinations of parts and/or elements between one embodiment and another.
  • the disclosed technical scope is not limited to the description of the embodiments. It is to be understood that some technical scopes disclosed are shown by the description of the claims, and further include meanings equivalent to the description of the claims and all modifications within the scope.

Abstract

Selon la présente invention, un enroulement de stator (721) comporte une pluralité d'enroulements de phase (723) prévus pour chaque phase. Dans l'enroulement de stator, un élément entre fils n'est pas disposé entre des parties de fil côté bobine (724) disposées de manière circonférentielle côte à côte. L'enroulement de phase de chaque phase a un nombre prédéfini de parties de fil côté bobine pour chaque pôle magnétique et au niveau d'une première extrémité de bobine (CE1) sur une extrémité axiale, les parties de fil côté bobine de même phase sont reliées par deux pôles magnétiques adjacents de manière circonférentielle l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une première partie de pontage (751). De plus, au niveau d'une seconde extrémité de bobine (CE2) sur l'autre extrémité axiale, les parties de fil côté bobine de même phase sont reliées par deux pôles magnétiques, qui sont séparés de manière circonférentielle tout en enserrant les deux pôles magnétiques par l'intermédiaire d'une seconde partie de pontage (752) qui s'étend de manière circonférentielle dans la même direction que la première partie de pontage.
PCT/JP2020/003231 2019-02-08 2020-01-29 Armature et machine électrique rotative WO2020162290A1 (fr)

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