WO2020159449A1 - Acceleration channels with momentum generators - Google Patents

Acceleration channels with momentum generators Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020159449A1
WO2020159449A1 PCT/SI2019/000006 SI2019000006W WO2020159449A1 WO 2020159449 A1 WO2020159449 A1 WO 2020159449A1 SI 2019000006 W SI2019000006 W SI 2019000006W WO 2020159449 A1 WO2020159449 A1 WO 2020159449A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
momentum
acceleration channel
generators
acceleration
channel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SI2019/000006
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Timi GOMBOC
Andreas SARJAŠ
Matej ZADRAVEC
Original Assignee
Rivertum D.O.O.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rivertum D.O.O. filed Critical Rivertum D.O.O.
Publication of WO2020159449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020159449A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • F03B13/264—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy using the horizontal flow of water resulting from tide movement
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
    • E02B9/02—Water-ways
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
    • E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
    • F05B2240/133—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines with a convergent-divergent guiding structure, e.g. a Venturi conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/97—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a submerged structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • momentum generators Devices for the production of mechanical or electrical energy are often linked to momentum generators, which also includes the present invention.
  • the propulsion of momentum generators does not depend on the combustion of fossil fuels. In most cases they are driven by wind or water energy.
  • Water energy can be exploited in different ways, for example by using the changes in tide or using the waves; however, both ways are also limited by the area of installation and efficiency.
  • the subject matter of the invention is an acceleration channel with momentum generators, and it solves the technical problem of increasing the efficiency of momentum generators without any significant encroachment on the environment. As a result, it also makes it possible to install less momentum generators with the same demand for generated momentum.
  • the subject matter of the invention is constructed in such a manner that it has a minimum impact on the environment.
  • the acceleration channel with momentum generators can be constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment. Even when the technical implementation is constructed in such a manner that the subject matter of the invention is visible, the encroachment on the environment is only of a local nature and it does not result in any change in the water level or flooding of the area.
  • momentum generators preferably in turbines
  • momentum consumers can be used by momentum consumers in various ways, for example:
  • the solution to the technical problem is constructed in such a manner that an acceleration channel with momentum generators is installed to the appropriate water flow area, where a structurally suitable configuration for reducing the flow cross-section locally increases the water flow velocity, which in turn increases the efficiency of momentum generators and reduces the number of momentum generators needed to achieve the necessary effect.
  • the function of the acceleration channel is to locally increase the water flow velocity in the area where momentum generators are installed.
  • the acceleration channel is constructed in such a manner that the cross-section area is reduced at a selected point in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel are rigid, preferably made from concrete, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
  • the acceleration channel can be constructed in such a manner that:
  • Momentum generators have a rotor wheel which is equipped with rotor blades rotating in the liquid media. The rotation changes the kinetic energy of the liquid media that flows into the rotor wheel blades. Depending on the conversion of kinetic energy, the pressure and total energy are changed, which is related to the generation of momentum.
  • the momentum generator rotor wheel including the rotor blades, is fully submerged during the operating stage of the momentum generator.
  • the rotor wheel of the momentum generator is the rotating part of the momentum generator. Its rotation is caused by the water flow which transfers its force to the surfaces of the momentum generator rotor wheel, thus rotating the rotor wheel.
  • the momentum generated by the rotor wheel is transferred through the momentum generator axis to the momentum consumers.
  • the acceleration channel can be constructed in such a manner that its cross-section area in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is not completely surrounded by a rigid surface, but it can also be constructed in such a manner that the entire flow is surrounded by a rigid surface or as an open channel or channel with non-circular cross- section.
  • the acceleration channel with momentum generators can be constructed in such a manner that it comprises the entire width of the riverbed. Alternatively, more acceleration channels can be installed in parallel side by side or in a row one after the other.
  • a tapered part is provided downstream, which allows the installation of one or more momentum generators.
  • the acceleration channel is equipped with at least one momentum generator; however, the acceleration channel is preferably equipped with multiple momentum generators.
  • Momentum generators are preferably installed in the areas of the acceleration channel with maximum water flow velocities or areas with maximum compression of streamlines or areas with the highest velocity gradient.
  • the maximum velocity area is at the edges of the acceleration channel at the entry or exit of the channel due to its construction or the direction of streamlines, at the centre of the acceleration channel cross-section due to the direction of streamlines and some distance away from the edges of the acceleration channel due to hydraulic losses on hard surfaces.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel are made from a rigid material, for example concrete or any rigid natural or artificial materials.
  • the acceleration channels are preferably equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators are installed.
  • the momentum generated by the momentum generator is transferred to the momentum consumer, for example a water pump or electricity generator.
  • the access under the momentum generators is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel.
  • the areas under the momentum generators are preferably equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. water pumps or electricity generators.
  • the simple version is equipped with momentum consumers directly under the momentum generators, which means that access to the area under which the momentum generators are installed is not necessary.
  • a tapered cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is achieved with flat surfaces which can be rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention, since a sharp edge can also be provided at the point of contact between individual surfaces.
  • the complete operation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators is controlled by an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors.
  • an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is determined and optimised.
  • a version without the electronic device is also possible, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention.
  • the power generated by momentum generators depends on the size or diameter of the momentum generator, whereby the height of the blades is approximately 25 % of the generator diameter.
  • the minimum depth of water equals 1.2 meters.
  • the minimum depth of water equals 2.6 meters.
  • Figure 1 shows an acceleration channel with momentum generators 1, an acceleration channel 2 and a momentum generator 3.
  • Figure 2 shows an acceleration channel 2, a momentum generator 3 and a riverbed 4.
  • Figure 3 shows an acceleration channel 2.
  • Figure 4 shows an acceleration channel 2.
  • Figure 5 shows an acceleration channel 2.
  • Figure 6 shows an acceleration channel 2 and a riverbed 4.
  • the geometry of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is shown in Figure 1.
  • the acceleration channel 2, shown in Figure 3, is 50 metres wide and 8 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises the entire width of the riverbed 4.
  • the depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is 12 metres.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete. At the centre of the acceleration channel 2, a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 50 metres wide and 3 metres high.
  • the tapered part is constructed in such a manner that an artificial projection is provided at the bottom of the acceleration channel 2. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 30° with the direction of the majority of the flow.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
  • the surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
  • the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.
  • the momentum generated in the momentum generators 3 is used to drive the piston pumps for irrigation of agricultural areas.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is equipped with eight momentum generators 2 having a diameter of seven metres, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators 3 are installed.
  • the access under the momentum generators 3 is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel.
  • the areas under the momentum generators 3 are equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. piston pumps that pump water for irrigation of agricultural surfaces. Water is pumped through appropriate hydraulic channels.
  • the operation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is controlled by an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator 3 and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors.
  • an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator 3 and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors.
  • the geometry of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the acceleration channel 2, shown in Figure 6, is 15 metres wide and 3 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 50 metres wide.
  • the depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is 7 metres.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete.
  • the top of the acceleration channel 2 is closed with a hard surface.
  • a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 6 metres wide and 3 metres high.
  • the tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 25° with the direction of the majority of the flow.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
  • the surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
  • the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.
  • the momentum generated in the momentum generators 3 is used to drive the electric generators.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is equipped with nine momentum generators 2 having a diameter of 2.4 metres, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators 3 are installed.
  • the access under the momentum generators 3 is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel 2.
  • the areas under the momentum generators 3 are equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. electric generators. Electrical current flows through appropriate electrical conductors.
  • the geometry of the acceleration channel 2 is shown in Figure 4.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is 18 metres wide and 3.5 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 40 metres wide.
  • the depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel 2 is 8 metres.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete.
  • the top of the acceleration channel 2 is open.
  • a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 7 metres wide and 3.5 metres high.
  • the tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 22.5° with the direction of the majority of the flow.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
  • the surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.
  • the geometry of the acceleration channel 2 is shown in Figure 5.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is 12 metres wide and 2 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 45 metres wide.
  • the depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel 2 is 6 metres.
  • the walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete.
  • the top of the acceleration channel 2 is open.
  • a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 6 metres wide and 1.5 metres high.
  • the tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels and in such a manner that an artificial projection is provided at the bottom of the acceleration channel 2. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 25° with the direction of the majority of the flow.
  • the surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are smooth to minimise hydraulic losses.
  • the surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
  • the acceleration channel 2 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

The subject matter of the invention is an acceleration channel with momentum generators (1), and it solves the technical problem of increasing the efficiency of momentum generators (3) without any significant encroachment on the environment. As a result, it also makes it possible to install less momentum generators (3) with the same demand for generated momentum. The solution to the technical problem is constructed in such a manner that an acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is installed to the appropriate water flow area, where a structurally suitable configuration reduces the flow cross-section of the channel in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow in the area where momentum generators (3) are installed. The walls of the acceleration channel (2) are rigid and smooth to minimise hydraulic losses. The acceleration channel (2) is equipped with at least one momentum generator (3); however, the acceleration channel (2) is preferably equipped with multiple momentum generators (3). Momentum generators (3) are preferably installed in the areas of the acceleration channel (2) with the highest flow acceleration.

Description

ACCELERATION CHANNELS WITH MOMENTUM GENERATORS
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Field of Technology
Momentum generator; water turbine; momentum consumer; reduction of flow cross- section; water flow acceleration; pump; irrigation of areas; electricity generation
Technical Problem
Demand for energy is increasing every day. Most of the energy is obtained from fossil fuels and reactions. The combustion of fossil fuels has an impact on environmental pollution, and it produces carbon dioxide (CO2) which creates the greenhouse effect, thus causing global warming. In the short term, the production of nuclear energy is less polluting; however, it generates radioactive waste which requires careful and long-term storage or is possibly left for future generations.
The installation of solar power stations is usually sensible only in areas with a high quantity of solar radiation, and is associated with high investment costs and low efficiency. Moreover, solar panels are sensitive to mechanical damage and the location of their installation needs to be selected carefully.
The generation of energy from wind is limited mainly to uninhabited areas due to the noise from wind turbines. The production of energy from natural resources has been rather limited so far. Water resources have already been exploited to a large extent. Moreover, they are also limited in that the construction of any dams leads to flooding of large areas, which causes a serious encroachment on the environment.
In many cases there is also a problem with electrical supply, since with the continuous need for greater amount of energy, it makes sense to install electrical installations to supply the electrical consumers.
State of the Art
Devices for the production of mechanical or electrical energy are often linked to momentum generators, which also includes the present invention. The propulsion of momentum generators does not depend on the combustion of fossil fuels. In most cases they are driven by wind or water energy.
The production of electricity from wind is limited mainly to windy and uninhabited areas due to the noise from wind turbines.
Water energy can be exploited in different ways, for example by using the changes in tide or using the waves; however, both ways are also limited by the area of installation and efficiency.
In the past, water wheels were simple momentum generators used mainly for mills. With increased energy demand, the installation of such water wheels would result in the installation of huge devices, which is linked to the structural solution of the water wheel and to the relatively low efficiency of these wheels.
Other devices are immersion turbines or immersion momentum generators which are immersed to the bottom of running water, preferably a river. There are already momentum generators with fairly high level of efficiency, but their efficiency is conditional on the configuration of the riverbed and the water flow parameters.
Description of New Invention
The subject matter of the invention is an acceleration channel with momentum generators, and it solves the technical problem of increasing the efficiency of momentum generators without any significant encroachment on the environment. As a result, it also makes it possible to install less momentum generators with the same demand for generated momentum.
The subject matter of the invention is constructed in such a manner that it has a minimum impact on the environment. The acceleration channel with momentum generators can be constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment. Even when the technical implementation is constructed in such a manner that the subject matter of the invention is visible, the encroachment on the environment is only of a local nature and it does not result in any change in the water level or flooding of the area.
The momentum generated by momentum generators, preferably in turbines, can be used by momentum consumers in various ways, for example:
- to drive water pumps for irrigation, for example of agricultural areas; or to drive generators for electricity production.
The solution to the technical problem is constructed in such a manner that an acceleration channel with momentum generators is installed to the appropriate water flow area, where a structurally suitable configuration for reducing the flow cross-section locally increases the water flow velocity, which in turn increases the efficiency of momentum generators and reduces the number of momentum generators needed to achieve the necessary effect. The function of the acceleration channel is to locally increase the water flow velocity in the area where momentum generators are installed. The acceleration channel is constructed in such a manner that the cross-section area is reduced at a selected point in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow. The walls of the acceleration channel are rigid, preferably made from concrete, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention. The walls of the acceleration channel have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
The acceleration channel can be constructed in such a manner that:
- its side surfaces extend to the water flow level or above the water flow level; or
- its side surfaces do not extend to the water flow level and they direct the water flow only in the lower part of the water flow.
Momentum generators have a rotor wheel which is equipped with rotor blades rotating in the liquid media. The rotation changes the kinetic energy of the liquid media that flows into the rotor wheel blades. Depending on the conversion of kinetic energy, the pressure and total energy are changed, which is related to the generation of momentum.
The momentum generator rotor wheel, including the rotor blades, is fully submerged during the operating stage of the momentum generator. The rotor wheel of the momentum generator is the rotating part of the momentum generator. Its rotation is caused by the water flow which transfers its force to the surfaces of the momentum generator rotor wheel, thus rotating the rotor wheel. The momentum generated by the rotor wheel is transferred through the momentum generator axis to the momentum consumers.
The acceleration channel can be constructed in such a manner that its cross-section area in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is not completely surrounded by a rigid surface, but it can also be constructed in such a manner that the entire flow is surrounded by a rigid surface or as an open channel or channel with non-circular cross- section.
The acceleration channel with momentum generators can be constructed in such a manner that it comprises the entire width of the riverbed. Alternatively, more acceleration channels can be installed in parallel side by side or in a row one after the other.
In the area of the acceleration channel, a tapered part is provided downstream, which allows the installation of one or more momentum generators. The acceleration channel is equipped with at least one momentum generator; however, the acceleration channel is preferably equipped with multiple momentum generators. Momentum generators are preferably installed in the areas of the acceleration channel with maximum water flow velocities or areas with maximum compression of streamlines or areas with the highest velocity gradient.
The maximum velocity area is at the edges of the acceleration channel at the entry or exit of the channel due to its construction or the direction of streamlines, at the centre of the acceleration channel cross-section due to the direction of streamlines and some distance away from the edges of the acceleration channel due to hydraulic losses on hard surfaces.
The walls of the acceleration channel are made from a rigid material, for example concrete or any rigid natural or artificial materials. The acceleration channels are preferably equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators are installed. The momentum generated by the momentum generator is transferred to the momentum consumer, for example a water pump or electricity generator. The access under the momentum generators is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel. The areas under the momentum generators are preferably equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. water pumps or electricity generators. The simple version is equipped with momentum consumers directly under the momentum generators, which means that access to the area under which the momentum generators are installed is not necessary.
A tapered cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is achieved with flat surfaces which can be rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention, since a sharp edge can also be provided at the point of contact between individual surfaces.
If the momentum generated is used to drive water pumps, water is discharged through hydraulic channels, whereas if the momentum generated is used to drive the electric generator, electricity flows through appropriate electrical conductors.
The complete operation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators is controlled by an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors. By programming the electronic device, the operation of the device according to the invention is determined and optimised. A version without the electronic device is also possible, which, however, does not limit the scope of the invention.
The power generated by momentum generators depends on the size or diameter of the momentum generator, whereby the height of the blades is approximately 25 % of the generator diameter.
With the diameter of the momentum generator of 2.0 meters, the power produced equals:
with the water flow velocity of 1.0 m/s - 210 W
- with the water flow velocity of 1.5 m/s - 670 W
- with the water flow velocity of 2.0 m/s - 1 ,450 W
- with the water flow velocity of 2.5 m/s - 2,700 W - with the water flow velocity of 3.0 m/s - 5,200 W
- with the water flow velocity of 3.5 m/s - 10,500 W
- with the water flow velocity of 4.0 m/s - 14,500 W
In the case referred to above, the minimum depth of water equals 1.2 meters.
With the diameter of the momentum generator of 4.0 meters, the power produced equals:
- with the water flow velocity of 1.0 m/s - 1 ,000 W
- with the water flow velocity of 1.5 m/s - 3,300 W
- with the water flow velocity of 2.0 m/s - 6,000 W
- with the water flow velocity of 2.5 m/s - 13,200 W
- with the water flow velocity of 3.0 m/s - 25,000 W
- with the water flow velocity of 3.5 m/s - 42,000 W
- with the water flow velocity of 4.0 m/s - 64,000 W
In the case referred to above, the minimum depth of water equals 2.6 meters.
Based on the above-mentioned data, it is clear, among other things, that it is sensible to increase the velocity of water flow in the area of installation of momentum generators.
The scope of the invention is further explained below with the description of the embodiment and attached figures, whereby the figures are part of this patent application and show the following:
Figure 1 shows an acceleration channel with momentum generators 1, an acceleration channel 2 and a momentum generator 3.
Figure 2 shows an acceleration channel 2, a momentum generator 3 and a riverbed 4.
Figure 3 shows an acceleration channel 2.
Figure 4 shows an acceleration channel 2. Figure 5 shows an acceleration channel 2.
Figure 6 shows an acceleration channel 2 and a riverbed 4.
First exemplary embodiment:
The geometry of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is shown in Figure 1. The acceleration channel 2, shown in Figure 3, is 50 metres wide and 8 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises the entire width of the riverbed 4. The depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is 12 metres.
The walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete. At the centre of the acceleration channel 2, a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 50 metres wide and 3 metres high. The tapered part is constructed in such a manner that an artificial projection is provided at the bottom of the acceleration channel 2. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 30° with the direction of the majority of the flow. The walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses. The surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
The acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment. The momentum generated in the momentum generators 3 is used to drive the piston pumps for irrigation of agricultural areas.
The acceleration channel 2 is equipped with eight momentum generators 2 having a diameter of seven metres, as shown in Figure 1. The acceleration channel 2 is equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators 3 are installed. The access under the momentum generators 3 is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel. The areas under the momentum generators 3 are equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. piston pumps that pump water for irrigation of agricultural surfaces. Water is pumped through appropriate hydraulic channels.
The operation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is controlled by an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator 3 and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors. By programming the electronic device, the operation of the device according to the invention is determined and optimised.
Second exemplary embodiment:
The geometry of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is shown in Figure 2. The acceleration channel 2, shown in Figure 6, is 15 metres wide and 3 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 50 metres wide. The depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is 7 metres.
The walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete. The top of the acceleration channel 2 is closed with a hard surface. At the centre of the acceleration channel 2, a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 6 metres wide and 3 metres high. The tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 25° with the direction of the majority of the flow. The walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses. The surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
The acceleration channel with momentum generators 1 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment. The momentum generated in the momentum generators 3 is used to drive the electric generators. The acceleration channel 2 is equipped with nine momentum generators 2 having a diameter of 2.4 metres, as shown in Figure 1.
The acceleration channel 2 is equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators 3 are installed. The access under the momentum generators 3 is constructed in such a manner that it ensures the installation of momentum consumers and is covered with a lid to reduce the impact on hydraulic conditions in the acceleration channel 2. The areas under the momentum generators 3 are equipped with momentum consumers, i.e. electric generators. Electrical current flows through appropriate electrical conductors.
Third exemplary embodiment:
The geometry of the acceleration channel 2 is shown in Figure 4. The acceleration channel 2 is 18 metres wide and 3.5 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 40 metres wide. The depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel 2 is 8 metres.
The walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete. The top of the acceleration channel 2 is open. At the centre of the acceleration channel 2, a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 7 metres wide and 3.5 metres high. The tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 22.5° with the direction of the majority of the flow. The walls of the acceleration channel 2 have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses. The surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
The acceleration channel 2 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.
Fourth exemplary embodiment:
The geometry of the acceleration channel 2 is shown in Figure 5. The acceleration channel 2 is 12 metres wide and 2 metres high at the entry and exit, and it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed 4 which is 45 metres wide. The depth of the river at the place of installation of the acceleration channel 2 is 6 metres.
The walls of the acceleration channel 2 are made from concrete. The top of the acceleration channel 2 is open. At the centre of the acceleration channel 2, a tapered part is provided downstream; therefore, the tapered cross-section is 6 metres wide and 1.5 metres high. The tapered part of the acceleration channel 2 is constructed with vertical side panels and in such a manner that an artificial projection is provided at the bottom of the acceleration channel 2. Due to smaller pressure losses in the water flow, the tapered part and the subsequently widened part of the acceleration channel 2 are provided gradually in such a manner that the tapering and widening surfaces are separately positioned on one plane, forming an angle of 25° with the direction of the majority of the flow. The surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are smooth to minimise hydraulic losses. The surfaces of the acceleration channel 2 are rounded at the point of contact to ensure a smooth transition.
The acceleration channel 2 is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged, thus having a very limited impact on the environment.
It is self-evident that the above described invention can be also used in other particular form not changing the substance of the invention.

Claims

1. An acceleration channel with momentum generators, characterised in that it comprises an acceleration channel (2) and at least one momentum generator (3), whereby in the area of the acceleration channel (2) a tapered cross-section is provided downstream in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow, whereby the momentum generator (3) is installed in the tapered part of the acceleration channel (2) and the momentum generator rotor wheel, including the rotor blades, is fully submerged during the operating stage of the momentum generator (3), while the momentum generated by the momentum generator (3) is transferred through the momentum generator axis to the momentum consumer.
2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is constructed in such a manner that it is fully submerged.
3. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that the acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is constructed in such a manner that its side surfaces extend to the water flow level or above the water flow level.
4. A device according to any claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a water pump is the momentum consumer.
5. A device according to any claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an electric generator is the momentum consumer.
6. A device according to any claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the acceleration channel (2) is equipped with rigid walls.
7. A device according to any claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the walls of acceleration channel (2) are made of concrete.
8. A device according to any claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the walls of the acceleration channel (2) have a smooth surface to minimise hydraulic losses.
9. A device according to any claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the acceleration channel (2) is constructed in such a manner that the cross-section of the acceleration channel (2) in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is not completely surrounded by a rigid surface.
10. A device according to any claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the acceleration channel (2) is constructed in such a manner that the cross-section of the acceleration channel (2) in a plane perpendicular to the direction of water flow is completely surrounded by a rigid surface.
11. A device according to any claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the acceleration channel (2) is equipped with multiple momentum generators (3).
12. A device according to any claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is constructed in such a manner that it comprises the entire width of the riverbed.
13. A device according to any claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is constructed in such a manner that it comprises a part of the width of the riverbed.
14. A device according to any claims 1 to 13, characterised in that momentum generators (3) are installed on the edges of the acceleration channel (2) at the entry or exit of the channel.
15. A device according to any claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the momentum generators (3) are installed at the centre of the cross-section of the acceleration channel (2).
16. A device according to any claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the acceleration channels (2) are equipped with access to the area under which the momentum generators (3) are installed.
17. A device according to any claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the areas under the momentum generators (3) are equipped with momentum consumers.
18. A device according to any claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the momentum consumers are installed directly under the momentum generators (3).
19. A device according to any claims 1 to 18, characterised in that the complete operation of the acceleration channel with momentum generators (1) is controlled by an electronic device which is an integral part of the device according to the invention and which receives data from the environment, momentum generator (3) and momentum consumer through appropriate sensors.
PCT/SI2019/000006 2019-01-29 2019-04-10 Acceleration channels with momentum generators WO2020159449A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2408778A (en) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-08 Calum Mackinnon Current stream energy device
WO2011039406A1 (en) * 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Jorma Einolander Device for producing energy by hydropower
DE102010048791A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-19 Birger Lehner Floating water turbine installation has floating gate whose bottom slope is designed according to principle of inclined plane for flow acceleration such that bottom slope leads to flow acceleration with smaller flux flow velocity
EP2664787A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2013-11-20 González Martín, Domingo Hydroelectric process for electric energy production

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2408778A (en) * 2003-12-04 2005-06-08 Calum Mackinnon Current stream energy device
WO2011039406A1 (en) * 2009-10-02 2011-04-07 Jorma Einolander Device for producing energy by hydropower
DE102010048791A1 (en) * 2010-10-18 2012-04-19 Birger Lehner Floating water turbine installation has floating gate whose bottom slope is designed according to principle of inclined plane for flow acceleration such that bottom slope leads to flow acceleration with smaller flux flow velocity
EP2664787A1 (en) * 2010-11-19 2013-11-20 González Martín, Domingo Hydroelectric process for electric energy production

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