WO2020155979A1 - 一种通信方法、网元、系统及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、网元、系统及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155979A1
WO2020155979A1 PCT/CN2019/129047 CN2019129047W WO2020155979A1 WO 2020155979 A1 WO2020155979 A1 WO 2020155979A1 CN 2019129047 W CN2019129047 W CN 2019129047W WO 2020155979 A1 WO2020155979 A1 WO 2020155979A1
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network element
message
data
network
sent
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PCT/CN2019/129047
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨水根
晋英豪
谭巍
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华为技术有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/005—Transmission of information for alerting of incoming communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/02—Arrangements for increasing efficiency of notification or paging channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W68/00—User notification, e.g. alerting and paging, for incoming communication, change of service or the like
    • H04W68/12—Inter-network notification

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method.
  • the 3GPP standard group formulated the next generation mobile communication network architecture (next generation system), called the fifth generation Mobile communication technology (5th-generation, 5G) network architecture.
  • This architecture not only supports the wireless technology defined by the 3GPP standard group to access the 5G core network (5G core network), but also supports non-3GPP (non-3GPP) access technologies through non-3GPP interworking function (N3IWF) or The next generation packet data gateway (ngPDG) accesses the 5G core network.
  • the above-mentioned wireless technologies defined by the 3GPP standard group include: long term evolution (LTE), 5G radio access network (RAN), and so on.
  • RAN is a device that connects user equipment (UE) to a wireless network. It can be a next-generation radio access technology base station (next generation NodeB, gNB) or next-generation evolved base station (next generation-evolved). NodeB, ng-eNB).
  • a gNB or ng-eNB may be composed of a centralized unit (central unit or control unit, CU) and one or more distributed units (DU), and a CU may be connected to one or more DUs at the same time.
  • the CU may be composed of a control plane (CU-control plane function, CU-CP) and a user plane (CU-user plane function, CU-UP).
  • CU-control plane function CU-CP
  • CU-user plane function CU-user plane function
  • the process for the first UE to send data to the second UE is that the first UE first sends a data packet to the first DU, where the first UE is located within the coverage area of the first DU and The DU is the serving node of the first UE; the first DU sends the data packet to the first CU-UP, where the first DU is connected to the first CU and the first CU-UP is the user plane network element of the first CU , The first CU-UP sends the data packet to the core network.
  • the core network learns that there is data to be sent to the second UE.
  • the connection between the second UE and the gNB or ng-eNB and the connection between the gNB or ng-eNB and the core network are both When disconnected, the core network cannot send data to the second UE, and it needs to trigger the paging process to find the second UE.
  • the core network sends a paging request message to all CU-CPs in the paging notification area of the second UE, so that these CU-CPs send paging messages to find the second UE.
  • the paging notification area includes one or more tracking areas ( Tracking area, TA), TA is the basic unit of the paging area in the communication system, that is, paging messages will be paged with TA as the unit, and a UE's paging message will be sent in all cells in the TA.
  • a cell can only belong to one TA, and a TA can include one or more gNBs or ng-eNBs.
  • the second UE receives a paging message from a certain CU-CP through a certain DU, for example, the second UE receives a paging message from the second CU-CP through the second DU, the second DU is connected to the second CU and the The second CU-CP is the control plane network element of the second CU, the second UE will initiate a random access procedure to establish a connection between the second UE and the second CU-CP and between the second CU-CP and the core network In this way, the second UE can receive data from the core network through the second CU-UP, which is the user plane network element of the second CU.
  • the embodiments of the application provide a communication method, network element, system, and storage medium.
  • the data packets between the UEs can pass through the user plane network element of the wireless access network Direct forwarding without forwarding via UPF network elements, reducing communication delay.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a communication method that can be applied to a communication network architecture in which the centralized unit CU and the distributed unit DU are separated.
  • the communication method involves the user plane CU-UP network element and The control plane CU-CP network element of the centralized unit.
  • the method may include: the user plane CU-UP network element of the centralized unit receives data sent by the first UE, and the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element After the second UE accesses the network through the control plane CU-CP network element of the centralized unit, the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, and the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element In the case of belonging to the same centralized unit CU, the first message contains indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the CU-UP network element to locally forward the received data sent by the first UE, so as to realize the data transfer from the CU-UP network. Yuan to the second UE transmission.
  • the data packets between the UEs can be directly forwarded through the CU-UP network element, instead of being forwarded through the UPF network element, reducing communication time. Extension.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE, which may include: the CU-UP network element provides the user plane function
  • the UPF network element sends a second message, which is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received data.
  • the second message is used to instruct the UPF network element to trigger the first network device to page the second UE through the second network device.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE, which may include: the CU-UP network element sends the CU-CP network to the CU-CP network.
  • the element sends a second message, which is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received the data.
  • the second message is used to instruct the CU-CP network element to trigger the first network device to page the second UE through the second network device.
  • the second message carries the target data packet in the data
  • the target data packet is CU-UP Part of the data packets in the data sent by the network element to the UPF network element.
  • the method may further include: the CU-UP network element buffers the remaining data packets except the target data packet in the data.
  • the CU-UP network element After the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, the CU-UP network element locally forwards the received data sent by the first UE, which may include: CU-UP network element to the second UE Send the remaining data packets.
  • the CU-UP network element after the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, the CU-UP network element locally forwarding the received data sent by the first UE may include: the CU-UP network element sends the data to the second UE.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method may include: a control plane CU-CP network element of a centralized unit receives a paging message sent by a first network device, and the paging message is used to indicate that the first network device Knowing that the user plane CU-UP network element of the centralized unit receives the data sent by the first UE and instructs the CU-CP to page the second UE, the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-CP network element pages the second UE.
  • the CU-CP network element After the second UE accesses the network through the CU-CP network element, in the case that the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element belong to the same centralized unit CU, the CU-CP network element receives the data sent by the first network device The first message, the first message contains indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the CU-UP network element to locally forward the received data sent by the first UE.
  • the CU-CP network element sends the instruction information to the CU-UP network element to implement data transmission from the CU-UP network element to the second UE.
  • the method may further include: the CU-CP network element receives The second message sent by the CU-UP network element, where the second message is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received the data.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE according to the second message.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE according to the second message.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the paging of the second UE by the first network device through the second network device.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a communication method, which may include: a user plane CU-UP network element of a centralized unit receives data sent by a first UE, and the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, and the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element
  • the first message contains the tunnel endpoint identification TEID of the General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol GTP.
  • the TEID is used for the CU-UP network element to establish the local user plane function to implement data slave CU -Transmission from the UP network element to the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element triggering the first network device to page the second UE may include: the CU-UP network element sends the CU-CP to the CU-CP The network element sends a second message, and the second message is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received the data. The second message is used to instruct the CU-CP network element to trigger the first network device to page the second UE through the second network device.
  • the first CU-UP sends the first message to the first CU-CP after learning that the first UE is to be paged, without the participation of the UPF network element, which reduces signaling overhead and energy consumption.
  • the CU-UP network element after the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, the CU-UP network element locally forwarding the received data sent by the first UE may include: the CU-UP network element sends the data to the second UE.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • the fourth aspect of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method may include: a control plane CU-CP network element of a centralized unit receives a paging message sent by a first network device, and the paging message is used to indicate that the first network device Knowing that the user plane CU-UP network element of the centralized unit receives the data sent by the first UE and instructs the CU-CP to page the second UE, the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-CP network element pages the second UE.
  • the CU-CP network element After the second UE accesses the network through the CU-CP network element, in the case that the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element belong to the same centralized unit CU, the CU-CP network element receives the data sent by the first network device
  • the first message contains the tunnel endpoint identifier TEID of the General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol GTP.
  • the TEID is used for the first CU-UP to establish the local user plane function.
  • the CU-CP network element sends the TEID to the CU-UP.
  • UP network element to realize data transmission from the CU-UP network element to the second UE.
  • the method may further include: the CU-CP network element receives The second message sent by the CU-UP network element, where the second message is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received the data.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE according to the second message.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the paging of the second UE by the first network device according to the second message.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the paging of the second UE by the first network device through the second network device.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • a fifth aspect of the present application provides a communication method, which may include: a user plane CU-UP network element of a centralized unit receives data sent by a first UE, and the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE.
  • the second UE accesses the network through the control plane CU-CP network element of the centralized unit, when the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element belong to the same centralized unit CU, the CU-UP network element pair
  • the received data sent by the first UE is forwarded locally, that is, when the UEs of both communicating parties are in the same CU, the CU-UP network element directly sends the data sent by the first UE to the second UE to the second UE , No need to forward via UPF network element, reducing communication delay.
  • the CU-UP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE, which may include: the CU-UP network element sends the CU-CP network to the CU-CP network The element sends a first message, and the first message is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received the data. The second message is used to instruct the CU-CP network element to trigger the first network device to page the second UE through the first network device.
  • the CU-UP network element after the CU-UP network element receives the first message sent by the CU-CP network element, the CU-UP network element locally forwarding the received data sent by the first UE may include: the CU-UP network element sends the data to the second UE.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • the sixth aspect of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the method may include: a control plane CU-CP network element of a centralized unit receives a paging message sent by a first network device, and the paging message is used to indicate that the first network device Knowing that the user plane CU-UP network element of the centralized unit receives the data sent by the first UE and instructs the CU-CP to page the second UE, the data is sent by the first UE to the second UE.
  • the CU-CP network element pages the second UE. After the second UE accesses the network through the CU-CP network element, if the CU-UP network element and the CU-CP network element belong to the same centralized unit CU, the The data is forwarded locally by the CU-UP network element.
  • the method may further include: the CU-CP network element receives The first message sent by the CU-UP network element, where the first message is used to indicate that the CU-UP network element has received data.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE according to the first message.
  • the CU-CP network element triggers the first network device to page the second UE according to the second message, Including: the CU-CP network element triggers the paging of the second UE by the first network device through the second network device.
  • the second network device is a session management function SMF network element.
  • the first network device is an access and mobility management function AMF network element.
  • a seventh aspect of the present application provides a communication method, the method may include: the access and mobility management function AMF network element receives a service request message sent by a first UE, the service request message is used to respond to the first UE receiving a paging message , The paging message is used to indicate that the user plane CU-UP network element of the centralized unit receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the AMF network element sends the first message to the control plane CU-CP network element of the centralized unit according to the service request message.
  • the first message The instruction information is carried in the CU-CP network element, and the instruction information is sent to the CU-UP network element through the CU-CP network element, and is used to instruct the CU-UP network element to locally forward the received data sent by the second UE, so as to realize the data from the CU-UP network element. Transmission from the UP network element to the first UE.
  • the eighth aspect of the present application provides a user-plane CU-UP network element of a centralized unit.
  • the CU-UP network element has the function of realizing the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of the possible implementation methods of the first aspect, or executes such as The function of the method in the foregoing third aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect or the function of the method in any possible implementation manner of the foregoing fifth aspect or the fifth aspect.
  • This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the ninth aspect of the present application provides a control plane CU-CP network element of a centralized unit.
  • the CU-CP network element has the function of realizing the above-mentioned second aspect or any one of the possible implementation methods of the second aspect, or the execution is as described above.
  • This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the tenth aspect of the present application provides an AMF network element with an access and mobility management function.
  • the AMF network element has the function of implementing the method of the seventh aspect. This function can be realized by hardware, or by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.
  • the eleventh aspect of the present application provides a user-plane CU-UP network element of a centralized unit, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the CU-UP network element is running, the processor executes the The computer-executed instructions stored in the memory, so that the CU-UP network element executes the communication method as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect or executes any one of the foregoing third aspect or the third aspect.
  • the communication method of the implementation manner or the communication method that implements any possible implementation manner of the fifth aspect or the fifth aspect described above.
  • the twelfth aspect of the present application provides a control plane CU-CP network element of a centralized unit, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions, and when the CU-CP network element is running, the processor Execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the CU-CP executes the communication method as described in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect or executes any one of the foregoing fourth aspect or the fourth aspect
  • the thirteenth aspect of the present application provides an AMF network element with access and mobility management functions of a centralized unit, including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer execution instructions.
  • the processor When the AMF network element is running, the processor The computer-executable instructions stored in the memory are executed, so that the AMF network element executes the communication method according to the seventh aspect described above.
  • a fourteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a computer, the computer can execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects.
  • a fifteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a computer, the computer can execute the second aspect or any one of the second aspects mentioned above.
  • a sixteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores instructions in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a computer, the computer can execute the communication method of the seventh aspect.
  • the seventeenth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect or execute the communication method as described in the first aspect.
  • the eighteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect or execute the communication method as described in the first
  • the fourth aspect or the communication method of any possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect or the communication method of any one of the foregoing sixth aspect or the sixth aspect is not limited to, but not limited to, but not limited to execute the communication method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect or execute the communication method as described in the first.
  • the nineteenth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product containing instructions, which, when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method of the seventh aspect.
  • the twentieth aspect of the present application provides a chip system
  • the chip system includes a processor for supporting the CU-UP network element to implement the functions or functions involved in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • the chip system also includes a memory, and the memory is used to store the necessary program instructions and data of the CU-UP.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the twenty-first aspect of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor, and is used to support the CU-CP network element to implement the functions or functions involved in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the chip system also includes a memory, and a memory is used to store the necessary program instructions and data of the CU-CP.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the twenty-second aspect of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor, and is configured to support an AMF network element to implement the functions involved in the seventh aspect.
  • the chip system also includes a memory, and the memory is used to store the necessary program instructions and data of the AMF network element.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the twenty-third aspect of the present application provides a communication system, including a CU-UP network element and a CU-CP network element.
  • the CU-UP network element is the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners or the first aspect of the first aspect.
  • the CU-CP network element is any one of the possible implementation manners of the above-mentioned second aspect or the second aspect, or any one of the above-mentioned fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or any one of the above-mentioned sixth aspect or the sixth aspect
  • the twenty-fourth aspect of the present application provides a communication system, including a CU-UP network element, a CU-CP network element, and an AMF network element.
  • the CU-UP network element is any one of the foregoing first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the CU-CP network element is any one of the possible implementation manners of the above-mentioned second aspect or the second aspect, or any one of the above-mentioned fourth aspect or the fourth aspect, or any one of the above-mentioned sixth aspect or the sixth aspect
  • the AMF network element is the AMF network element described in the seventh aspect.
  • the data packets between the UEs can be directly forwarded via the user plane network element of the radio access network, without the need to forward via the UPF, thereby reducing the communication delay .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the CU separation architecture in a 5G communication system
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a communication method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a CU-UP network element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a CU-CP network element provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an AMF network element provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, network element, and system.
  • the UEs of both communicating parties are located within the coverage of the same CU, data packets between the UEs can be directly forwarded via the user plane network element of the wireless access network. Without forwarding via UPF, communication delay is reduced. Detailed descriptions are given below.
  • the naming or numbering of steps appearing in this application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be executed in the time/logical order indicated by the naming or numbering.
  • the named or numbered process steps can be implemented according to the The technical purpose changes the execution order, as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.
  • the division of modules appearing in this application is a logical division. In actual applications, there can be other divisions. For example, multiple modules can be combined or integrated in another system, or some features can be ignored , Or not to execute, in addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between modules may be in electrical or other similar forms. There are no restrictions in the application.
  • the modules or sub-modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, may or may not be physical modules, or may be distributed to multiple circuit modules, and some or all of them may be selected according to actual needs Module to achieve the purpose of this application program.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the system architecture is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the 5G network.
  • the system architecture not only supports the wireless technology defined by the 3GPP standard group to access the core network side, but also supports the non-3GPP access technology through the non-3GPP conversion function ( Non-3GPP interworking function, N3IWF) or next generation packet data gateway (ngPDG) or fixed network access gateway or trusted non-3GPP access gateway to access the core network side.
  • N3IWF Non-3GPP interworking function
  • ngPDG next generation packet data gateway
  • fixed network access gateway or trusted non-3GPP access gateway
  • Access network can also be called radio access network (radio access network, RAN) in specific applications.
  • RAN is composed of access network equipment and is responsible for the access of user equipment.
  • the RAN equipment of the 5G network can be the next generation (NG) RAN equipment, or the evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN) equipment.
  • the 5G network can be connected to the above two at the same time.
  • the RAN may be a next generation NodeB (gNB) or a next generation-evolved NodeB (ng-eNB).
  • gNB next generation NodeB
  • ng-eNB next generation-evolved NodeB
  • gNB provides UE with new radio (NR) user plane functions and control plane functions
  • ng-eNB provides UE with evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) user plane Functions and control plane functions.
  • E-UTRA evolved universal terrestrial radio access
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the architecture of CU separation in a 5G communication system.
  • the 5G communication system includes the next generation core (NGC) and the radio access network (radio access network, RAN).
  • the RAN connected to the NGC includes gNB and ng-eNB.
  • a gNB or ng-eNB may be composed of a centralized unit (central unit, CU) and one or more distributed units (DU).
  • DU distributed units
  • a gNB or ng-eNB is composed of one CU and two DUs.
  • a CU may consist of one control plane (CU-control plane function, CU-CP) and one or more users CU-user plane function (CU-UP) structure. among them.
  • CU and DU are connected through F1 interface
  • CP and UP are connected through E1 interface
  • CP and DU are connected through F1 control plane interface (F1-C)
  • UP and DU are connected through F1 users
  • the plane interface (F1-U) is connected, as shown in Figure 2, the solid line represents the control plane transmission, and the dashed line represents the user plane transmission.
  • the function division of CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol stack.
  • Radio resource control RRC
  • packet data convergence protocol PDCP
  • SDAP service data adaptation protocol
  • RLC radio link layer control protocol
  • media access control media access control
  • PHY physical layer
  • the CU has the processing capabilities of RRC, PDCP and SDAP.
  • DU has the processing capabilities of RLC, MAC, and PHY. It is worth noting that the above function segmentation is just an example, and there may be other segmentation methods.
  • the CU includes processing capabilities of RRC, PDCP, RLC, and SDAP
  • the DU has processing capabilities of MAC and PHY.
  • the CU includes the processing capabilities of RRC, PDCP, RLC, SDAP, and part of the MAC (for example, adding a MAC header), and the DU has the processing capability of PHY and part of the MAC (for example, scheduling).
  • the names of CU and DU may change, as long as the access network node that can realize the above-mentioned functions can be regarded as CU and DU in this application.
  • a data network may be an external network of the operator, or a network controlled by the operator, and used to provide business services to users.
  • the UE can access the DN by accessing the operator's network, and use the service provided by the operator or a third party on the DN.
  • the core network serves as the bearer network to provide an interface to the DN, providing UE with communication connection, authentication, management, communication, and carrying data services.
  • core network functions are divided into user plane functions and control plane functions.
  • the user plane function is mainly responsible for packet data packet forwarding, QoS control, etc.
  • the control plane function is mainly responsible for user registration and authentication, mobility management, and issuing data packet forwarding strategies or QoS control strategies to the user plane function (UPF).
  • the control plane function mainly includes access and mobility management function (core access and mobility management function, AMF) network elements and session management function (session management function, SMF) network elements, etc.
  • the AMF network element is responsible for the registration process when the user accesses, the location management during the user's movement, and the paging of the UE.
  • the SMF network element is responsible for establishing a corresponding session connection on the core network side when a user initiates a business, and providing specific services for the user.
  • the user equipment UE can be connected to the AMF network element through the RAN.
  • the AMF network element is connected to the SMF network element, unified data management (UDM) and other network elements, and the SMF network element is connected to UPF connection, UPF connection with DN.
  • the interfaces and connections in the system architecture can include: N1, N2, N3, N4, and N6.
  • N1 is the control plane connection between the UE and the AMF network element, which is used to transmit control signaling between the user equipment and the core network control plane.
  • the messages in the specific N1 connection can be used by the connection between the UE and the RAN, N2 connection between RAN and AMF network elements for transmission.
  • N2 is the control plane connection between the RAN and AMF network elements.
  • N3 is the connection between the RAN and the user plane function.
  • N4 is the connection between the SMF network element and the user plane function, and is used to transfer control signaling between the SMF network element and the user plane function.
  • N6 is the connection between the user plane function and the DN.
  • the core network side may also include an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) for UE authentication.
  • the unified data manager (UDM) is responsible for storing the subscriber permanent identifier (SUPI), registration information, credential (credential), and subscription data of the operator's network.
  • Application function network elements (AF) are used to store business security requirements and provide information for policy determination.
  • the communication node (policy control function, PCF) has the function of completing the negotiation of the user plane protection mechanism according to the security requirements and determining the user plane protection mechanism in the network.
  • Network storage function network function repository function, NRF
  • network capability exposure function network exposure function
  • the user equipment UE involved in this application may refer to any applicable end user equipment, and may include (or may refer to) such as wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, mobile node, mobile device, fixed Or mobile contract units, pagers, mobile phones, handheld devices, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, handheld computers (personal digital assistant, PDA), smartphones, notebook computers, computers, touch screen devices, wireless sensors, or consumer electronic devices, etc. .
  • WTRU wireless transmit/receive unit
  • mobile station mobile node
  • mobile device fixed Or mobile contract units
  • pagers pagers
  • mobile phones handheld devices
  • in-vehicle devices wearable devices
  • handheld computers personal digital assistant, PDA
  • smartphones notebook computers, computers, touch screen devices, wireless sensors, or consumer electronic devices, etc.
  • the "mobile" station/node/device here means a station/node/device connected to a wireless (or mobile) network, and is not necessarily related to the actual mobility of the station/node/device
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication method in an embodiment of the application.
  • an embodiment of the communication method in the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • the first CP-UP receives data sent by a second UE.
  • the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP may also be referred to as the first CU-UP network element.
  • the second UE sends the data packet to the first DU, where the second UE is located in the coverage area of the first DU and the first DU is the network element of the second UE.
  • the serving node, the first DU sends the data packet to the first CU-UP, where the first DU is connected to the first CU and the first CU-UP is a user plane network element of the first CU.
  • the first CU-UP sends a first message to the UPF network element.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • step 303 is further included.
  • the first CU-UP sends the target data packet in the data to the UPF network element.
  • the target data packet may be the first data packet in the data, or any one or several data packets except the first data packet in the data, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • step 302 and step 303 can be executed alternatively.
  • step 304 is further included.
  • the first CU-UP buffers the remaining data packets except the target data packet in the data.
  • the UPF network element After receiving the first message or the target data packet, the UPF network element sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the second message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send the third message to the AMF network element.
  • the SMF network element sends a third message to the AMF network element.
  • the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE. Specifically, if the first UE is in an idle state, that is, the connection between the first UE and the gNB or ng-eNB and the connection between the gNB or ng-eNB and the core network are both disconnected, SMF is required The network element sends a third message to the AMF network element, which triggers the AMF network element to find the first UE through the paging process.
  • the AMF network element initiates paging for the first UE.
  • the AMF network element After the AMF network element receives the third message sent by the SMF network element, it sends a paging request message to all CU-CPs in the paging notification area of the first UE, so that these CU-CPs send a paging message to find the first UE .
  • CU-CP may also be called CU-CP network element.
  • the paging notification area includes one or more tracking areas (tracking area, TA).
  • TA is the basic unit of the paging area in the communication system, that is, the paging message will be paged in the unit of TA, and the paging message of a UE will be sent in all cells in one or more TAs.
  • the AMF network element may allocate a tracking area list for the first UE when the first UE is initially attached.
  • the AMF network element will send a paging message to all CU-CPs corresponding to all tracking areas listed in the tracking area list of the first UE, and receive the paging message sent by the AMF network element.
  • the CU-CP of the paging message sends a paging message to the DU controlled by the CU-CP to request the DU to page the first UE.
  • the DU receiving the paging message will send the paging message in the corresponding cell.
  • the first UE sends a service request (service request) message to the AMF network element.
  • the first UE that has received the paging message responds to the paging of the AMF network element through the service request process, so as to establish its signaling connection with the AMF network element through the service request process. Specifically, it may include establishing a radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection between the first UE and the first CU-CP, and sending a service request message to the AMF network element through the RRC connection.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the AMF network element sends a fourth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the fourth message is used to request the first CU-CP to establish the initial context of the first UE on the RAN side (including CU-CP, CU-UP, and DU).
  • the initial context of the first UE may include at least one of the following parameters Items: the first UE aggregated maximum bit rate, the list of PDU sessions that need to be established, the allowed network slice selection assistance information, the mobility restriction list, and the first UE wireless capability, etc.
  • the first CU-CP determines that it belongs to the same CU as the first CU-UP, that is, both the first UE and the second UE are in the same CU. Is covered by the CU and is served by the CU.
  • the fourth message carries indication information, which is used to instruct the first CU-UP to locally forward the downlink data of the first UE, so as to realize the downlink data of the first UE.
  • the transmission of data from the first CU-UP to the first UE, that is, the fourth message sent by the AMF network element received by the first CU-CP carries indication information, and the indication information is used by the first CU-CP to send to
  • the fifth message of the first CU-UP is used to instruct the first CU-UP to locally forward the downlink data of the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP locally forwards the downlink data of the first UE, that is, the first CU-UP directly forwards the received data packets sent by the second UE to the first UE to the first UE, without Forwarding through UPF network elements.
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a first bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the first bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in the first CU-UP in step 309.
  • the first CU-CP sends a fifth message to the first CU-UP, and the fifth message is used to request the first CU-UP to establish the context of the first bearer on the first CU-UP. It may include: the downlink transport layer address between the DU and the first CU-UP, the tunnel endpoint identifier TEID of the general packet radio service technology tunnel protocol GTP, and the like.
  • the first CU-CP determines that it belongs to the same CU as the first CU-UP.
  • the first CU-CP receives the AMF network element
  • the fourth message sent carries indication information.
  • the fifth message sent by the first CU-CP to the first CU-UP carries indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the first CU-UP communicates with the first UE.
  • Downlink data is forwarded locally. It should be understood that the first CU-UP locally forwards the downlink data of the first UE, that is, the first CU-UP directly forwards the received data packet sent by the second UE to the first UE to the first UE, without Forwarding through UPF network elements.
  • step 311 is further included.
  • the first CU-UP sends a response message of the fifth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the response message of the fifth message is used to confirm that the required bearer context has been established.
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a second bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the second bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in step 309 in the DU and the first UE.
  • the first CU-CP requests the DU to establish a signaling radio bearer (SRB) establishment list, a data radio bearer (DRB) establishment list, and cell group configuration.
  • SRB signaling radio bearer
  • DRB data radio bearer
  • the SRB establishment list includes SRB identification, repetitive indication information, and so on.
  • the DRB establishment list includes DRB identification, data stream mapping information, uplink user plane transmission address information, RLC mode, etc.
  • the first CU-CP configures the access stratum security mode to the first UE through the DU, for example, configures the security algorithms of SRB and DRB.
  • step 313 is further included.
  • the first CU-CP sends a response message of the fourth message to the AMF network element.
  • the response message is used to determine that the second bearer has been established.
  • the first CU-UP sends the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU, so that the DU sends the data to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP uses the first bearer established in step 310 to send the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU
  • the DU uses the second bearer established in step 312 to send the data to the first UE.
  • UE uses the first bearer established in step 310 to send the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU
  • the DU uses the second bearer established in step 312 to send the data to the first UE.
  • UE uses the first bearer established in step 310 to send the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU
  • the DU uses the second bearer established in step 312 to send the data to the first UE.
  • steps 315 and 316 may also be included.
  • the first CU-UP sends the remaining packet to the first UE.
  • the UPF network element sends the target data packet to the first UE through the first CU-UP.
  • the AMF network element sends instruction information to the first CU-CP through the fourth message, the instruction information is sent by the first CU-CP to the first CU-UP through the fifth message, and the instruction message is used to indicate the first CU-UP pair
  • the downlink data of the first UE is locally forwarded, which reduces the communication delay.
  • the first CU-UP after receiving the data sent by the second UE, the first CU-UP sends the first message to the UPF network element.
  • the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE.
  • the first message may also be sent to the first CU-CP, which will be described in detail below.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the communication method in the embodiment of this application.
  • another embodiment of the communication method in the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • the first CU-UP receives data sent by the second UE.
  • the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP may also be referred to as the first CU-UP network element.
  • the second UE sends the data packet to the first DU, where the second UE is located in the coverage area of the first DU and the first DU is the network element of the second UE.
  • the serving node, the first DU sends the data packet to the first CU-UP, where the first DU is connected to the first CU and the first CU-UP is a user plane network element of the first CU.
  • the first CU-UP sends a first message to the first CU-CP.
  • the first CU-UP and the first CU-CP belong to the same CU.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP can have the following functions: message routing and forwarding, message detection and policy rule execution, traffic usage reporting, service quality processing, upstream traffic verification, downstream data caching, and downstream data notification triggering.
  • the first CU-CP sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the first CU-CP After receiving the first message, the first CU-CP sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the second message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send a third message to the AMF network element, and the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE.
  • the SMF network element sends a third message to the AMF network element.
  • the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE. Specifically, if the first UE is in an idle state, that is, the connection between the first UE and the gNB or ng-eNB and the connection between the gNB or ng-eNB and the core network are both disconnected, SMF is required The network element sends a third message to the AMF network element, which triggers the AMF network element to find the first UE through the paging process.
  • the AMF network element initiates paging for the first UE.
  • the AMF network element After the AMF network element receives the third message sent by the SMF network element, it sends a paging request message to all CU-CPs in the paging notification area of the first UE, so that these CU-CPs send a paging message to find the first UE .
  • CU-CP may also be called CU-CP network element.
  • the paging notification area includes one or more tracking areas (tracking area, TA).
  • TA is the basic unit of the paging area in the communication system, that is, the paging message will be paged in the unit of TA, and the paging message of a UE will be sent in all cells in one or more TAs.
  • the AMF network element may allocate a tracking area list for the first UE when the first UE is initially attached.
  • the AMF network element sends a paging message to all CU-CPs corresponding to all tracking areas listed in the tracking area list of the first UE, and receives the paging message sent by the AMF network element.
  • the CU-CP of the paging message sends a paging message to the DU controlled by the CU-CP to request the DU to page the first UE.
  • the DU receiving the paging message will send the paging message in the corresponding cell.
  • the first UE sends a service request (service request) message to the AMF network element.
  • the first UE that has received the paging message responds to the paging of the AMF network element through the service request process, so as to establish its signaling connection with the AMF network element through the service request process. Specifically, it may include establishing a radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection between the first UE and the first CU-CP, and sending a service request message to the AMF network element through the RRC connection.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the AMF network element sends a fourth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the fourth message is used to request the first CU-CP to establish the initial context of the first UE on the RAN side (including CU-CP, CU-UP and DU).
  • the initial context of the first UE may include at least one of the following parameters: the first UE aggregated maximum bit rate, the list of PDU sessions to be established, the allowed network slice selection assistance information, the mobility restriction list, and the first UE wireless capability Wait.
  • the first CU-CP determines that it belongs to the same CU as the first CU-UP.
  • the first CU-CP is the one in step 402.
  • the first CU-CP is the fourth message carries indication information.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the first CU-UP to locally forward the downlink data of the first UE, so that the downlink data of the first UE is transmitted from the first CU. -Transmission of UP to the first UE. It should be understood that the first CU-UP locally forwards the downlink data of the first UE, that is, the first CU-UP directly forwards the received data packet sent by the second UE to the first UE to the first UE, without Forwarding through UPF network elements.
  • the fourth message carries the general packet radio service technology tunneling protocol GTP tunnel endpoint identifier TEID, and the TEID is used for the first CU-UP to establish the local user plane function by itself, that is, to enable the first CU-UP It has message routing and forwarding functions to realize data transmission from the first CU-UP to the first UE.
  • GTP tunnel endpoint identifier TEID GTP tunnel endpoint identifier
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a first bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the first bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in the first CU-UP in step 407.
  • the first CU-CP sends a fifth message to the first CU-UP.
  • the fifth message is used to request the establishment of a bearer context.
  • the bearer context may include the downlink transport layer address between the DU and the first CU-UP , General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol GTP tunnel endpoint identification TEID, etc.
  • the first CU-CP After receiving the fourth message sent by the AMF network element that carries indication information, the fifth message sent by the first CU-CP to the first CU-UP carries indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the first CU-UP pair
  • the downlink data of the first UE is locally forwarded, that is, when the first UP receives the indication message, the first CU-UP directly sends the data to the DU corresponding to the first UE, so that the downlink data of the first UE is transferred from the first UE to the DU corresponding to the first UE. Transmission of a CU-UP to the first UE.
  • the fifth message carries the tunnel endpoint identifier TEID of the General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol GTP.
  • the TEID is used for the first CU-UP to establish the local user plane function by itself, that is, to make the first CU-UP
  • the UP has the function of routing and forwarding messages to realize the transmission of data from the first CU-UP to the first UE.
  • step 409 is further included.
  • the first CU-UP sends a response message of the fifth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the response message of the fifth message is used to confirm that the required bearer context has been established.
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a second bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the second bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in step 407 in the DU and the first UE.
  • the first CU-CP requests the DU to establish a signaling radio bearer (signal radio bearer, SRB) establishment list, DRB establishment list, and cell group configuration.
  • SRB signaling radio bearer
  • DRB establishment list includes SRB identification, repetitive indication information, and so on.
  • the DRB establishment list includes DRB identification, data stream mapping information, uplink user plane transmission address information, RLC mode, etc.
  • the first CU-CP configures the access stratum security mode to the first UE through the DU, for example, configures the security algorithms of SRB and DRB.
  • step 411 is further included.
  • the first CU-CP sends a response message of the fourth message to the AMF network element.
  • the response message is used to determine that the second bearer has been established.
  • the first CU-UP sends the downlink data of the first UE to the DU, so that the DU sends the downlink data to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP uses the first bearer established in step 408 to send the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU
  • the DU uses the second bearer established in step 410 to send the data to the first UE. UE.
  • the first CU-UP after the first CU-UP knows that it wants to page the first UE, it sends a first message to the first CU-CP, so that the first CU-CP sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send a third message to the AMF network element.
  • the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE.
  • the AMF network element sends instruction information to the first CU-CP through the fourth message, and the instruction information is sent by the first CU-CP to the first CU-CP through the fifth message.
  • the indication information is used to instruct the first CU-UP to locally forward the downlink data of the first UE, and no longer forward the data through the UPF network element, reducing the communication delay, and at the same time the first CU-UP receives After the data to be sent to the first UE, the message is directly sent to the first CU-CP without the participation of the UPF network element, which reduces signaling overhead and energy consumption.
  • the first CU-CP that receives the first message sends a second message to the SMF network element, and the second message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send the third message to the AMF network element.
  • the message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE.
  • the first CU-CP that receives the first message can directly send the third message to the AMF network element.
  • the three messages are used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE, that is, in some embodiments, the first CU-CP may directly send a message to the AMF network element, and the message is used to trigger the AMF network element to pair The first UE performs paging.
  • the first CU-UP when the first UE establishes an RRC connection with the first CU-CP, if it is determined that the first CU-CP and the first CU-UP If they belong to the same CU, the first CU-UP locally forwards the downlink data of the first UE according to the received indication information.
  • the first CU-UP may directly forward the downlink data of the first UE locally.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the communication method in the embodiment of this application.
  • another embodiment of the communication method in the embodiment of the present application may include:
  • the first CU-UP receives data sent by the second UE.
  • the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP may also be referred to as the first CU-UP network element.
  • the second UE sends the data packet to the first DU, where the second UE is located in the coverage area of the first DU and the first DU is the network element of the second UE.
  • the serving node, the first DU sends the data packet to the first CU-UP, where the first DU is connected to the first CU and the first CU-UP is a user plane network element of the first CU.
  • the first CU-UP sends a first message to the first CU-CP.
  • the first CU-UP and the first CU-CP belong to the same CU.
  • the first message is used to indicate that the first CU-UP receives the data sent by the second UE to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP can have the following functions: message routing and forwarding, message detection and policy rule execution, traffic usage reporting, service quality processing, upstream traffic verification, downstream data caching, and downstream data notification triggering.
  • the first CU-CP sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the first CU-CP After receiving the first message, the first CU-CP sends a second message to the SMF network element.
  • the second message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send a third message to the AMF network element, and the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE.
  • the SMF network element sends a third message to the AMF network element.
  • the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE. Specifically, if the first UE is in an idle state, that is, the connection between the first UE and the gNB or ng-eNB and the connection between the gNB or ng-eNB and the core network are both disconnected, SMF is required The network element sends a third message to the AMF network element, which triggers the AMF network element to find the first UE through the paging process.
  • the AMF network element initiates paging for the first UE.
  • the AMF network element After the AMF network element receives the third message sent by the SMF network element, it sends a paging request message to all CU-CPs in the paging notification area of the first UE, so that these CU-CPs send a paging message to find the first UE .
  • CU-CP may also be called CU-CP network element.
  • the paging notification area includes one or more tracking areas (tracking area, TA).
  • TA is the basic unit of the paging area in the communication system, that is, the paging message will be paged in the unit of TA, and the paging message of a UE will be sent in all cells in one or more TAs.
  • the AMF network element may allocate a tracking area list for the first UE when the first UE is initially attached.
  • the AMF network element will send a paging message to all CU-CPs corresponding to all tracking areas listed in the tracking area list of the first UE, and receive the paging message sent by the AMF network element.
  • the CU-CP of the paging message sends a paging message to the DU controlled by the CU-CP to request the DU to page the first UE.
  • the DU receiving the paging message will send the paging message in the corresponding cell.
  • the first UE sends a service request (service request) message to the AMF network element.
  • the first UE that has received the paging message responds to the paging of the AMF network element through the service request process, so as to establish its signaling connection with the AMF network element through the service request process. Specifically, it may include establishing a radio resource control (Radio Resource Control, RRC) connection between the first UE and the first CU-CP, and sending a service request message to the AMF network element through the RRC connection.
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • the AMF network element sends a fourth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the fourth message is used to request the first CU-CP to establish the initial context of the first UE on the RAN side (including CU-CP, CU-UP, and DU).
  • the initial context of the first UE may include: the first UE aggregates maximum Bit rate, PDU session list to be established, allowed network slice selection auxiliary information, mobility restriction list, first UE wireless capability, etc.
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a first bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the first bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in the first CU-UP in step 508.
  • the first CU-CP sends a fifth message to the first CU-UP.
  • the fifth message is used to request the establishment of a bearer context.
  • the bearer context may include the downlink transport layer address between the DU and the first CU-UP , General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol GTP tunnel endpoint identification TEID, etc.
  • step 509 is further included.
  • the first CU-UP sends a response message of the fifth message to the first CU-CP.
  • the response message of the fifth message is used to confirm that the required bearer context has been established.
  • the first CU-CP initiates a procedure for establishing a second bearer.
  • the procedure for establishing the second bearer is a specific implementation of establishing the initial context of the first UE in step 507 in the DU and the first UE.
  • the first CU-CP requests the DU to establish a signaling radio bearer (signal radio bearer, SRB) establishment list, DRB establishment list, and cell group configuration.
  • SRB signaling radio bearer
  • DRB establishment list includes SRB identification, repetitive indication information, and so on.
  • the DRB establishment list includes DRB identification, data stream mapping information, uplink user plane transmission address information, RLC mode, etc.
  • the first CU-CP configures the access stratum security mode to the first UE through the DU, for example, configures the security algorithms of SRB and DRB.
  • step 511 is further included.
  • the first CU-CP sends a response message of the fourth message to the AMF network element.
  • the response message is used to determine that the second bearer has been established.
  • the first CU-UP sends the downlink data of the first UE to the DU, so that the DU sends the downlink data to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP uses the bearer established in step 508 to send the data sent by the second UE to the first UE to the DU
  • the DU uses the bearer established in step 510 to send the data to the first UE.
  • the first CU-UP when the first UE establishes an RRC connection with the first CU-CP, in the case where it is determined that the first CU-CP and the first CU-UP belong to the same CU, the first CU-UP directly The downlink data of the first UE is locally forwarded, which reduces the communication delay.
  • the first CU-CP that received the first message sends a second message to the SMF network element, and the second message is used to trigger the SMF network element to send the third message to the AMF network element.
  • the message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE.
  • the first CU-CP that receives the first message may directly send a third message to the AMF network element, and the third message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE. That is, in some embodiments, the first CU-CP may directly send a message to the AMF network element, and the message is used to trigger the AMF network element to page the first UE. At this time, the first CU-CP may have a session management function.
  • the fourth message sent by the AMF network element to the first CU-CP further includes indication information for instructing the first CU-UP to locally forward the downlink data of the first UE.
  • notification messages can also be called indications.
  • the message is described here in a unified manner, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
  • the foregoing mainly introduces the solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements.
  • the above-mentioned CU-UP network element and CU-CP network element include hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the CU-UP network element or CU-CP network element in Figures 3 to 5 can be implemented by one physical device, or can be implemented by multiple physical devices, or one of the physical devices.
  • Logical function module this embodiment of the application does not specifically limit this.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device includes at least one processor 601, a communication line 602, a memory 603, and at least one communication interface 604.
  • the processor 601 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs for controlling the execution of the program of this application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 602 may include a path to transmit information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication interface 604 using any device such as a transceiver, is used to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. .
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the memory 603 can be read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically programmable read-only memory, EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, Optical disc storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can Any other medium accessed by the computer, but not limited to this.
  • the memory can exist independently and is connected to the processor through the communication line 602. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 603 is used to store computer execution instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 601 controls the execution.
  • the processor 601 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 603, so as to implement the communication method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executed instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program codes, which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 601 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device may include multiple processors, for example, the processor 601 and the processor 607 in FIG. 6.
  • processors may be a single-CPU (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • the processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • the communication device may further include an output device 605 and an input device 606.
  • the output device 605 communicates with the processor 601, and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 605 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector (projector) Wait.
  • the input device 606 communicates with the processor 601 and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 606 may be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensor device, or the like.
  • the aforementioned communication device may be a general-purpose device or a dedicated device.
  • the communication device can be a desktop computer, a portable computer, a network server, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a wireless terminal device, an embedded device, or a device with a similar structure in Figure 6 .
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the type of communication equipment.
  • the embodiment of this application can divide the CU-UP network element or the CU-CP network element into functional modules according to the above method examples.
  • each functional module can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated In a processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a CU-UP network element.
  • the CU-UP network element may include a receiving unit 701 and a sending unit 702.
  • the receiving unit 701 is configured to execute step 301 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, 310 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 401 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, and step 401 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4 Step 408, step 501 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 508 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, and so on.
  • the sending unit 702 is configured to perform step 302 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 303 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 311 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, and step in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 314, step 315 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 402 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 409 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 412 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. Step 502 in the corresponding embodiment, step 509 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 512 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, and so on.
  • a cache unit 703 may also be included, configured to execute step 304 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3 above.
  • the CU-CP network element may include a receiving unit 801, a triggering unit 802, and a sending unit 803.
  • the receiving unit 801 is configured to perform step 307 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 308 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 309 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, and the embodiment corresponding to FIG. Step 311 in the above-mentioned step 402 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 405 in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 406 in the above-mentioned embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4 407, step 409 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 502 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 505 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 506 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, and FIG. 5 corresponding Step 507 in the embodiment of FIG. 5, step 509 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, etc.
  • Step 310 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 312 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 408 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, and step 408 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4 above.
  • the sending unit 803 is configured to execute step 307 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 308 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 313 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, and the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4 Step 403 in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4, step 405 in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4, step 406 in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4 above, step 411 in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 4 above, step in the embodiment corresponding to Figure 5 above 503, step 505 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 506 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 511 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5 and so on.
  • the AMF network element provided in the embodiment of the present application may include a receiving unit 901 and a sending unit 902.
  • the receiving unit 901 is configured to perform step 306 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 308 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 313 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, and step 313 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4 Step 404, step 406 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 411 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, step 504 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 506 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5 , Step 511 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5 and so on.
  • the sending unit 902 is configured to execute step 307 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 309 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 3, step 405 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 4, and the embodiment corresponding to FIG. Step 407 in FIG. 5, step 505 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, step 507 in the embodiment corresponding to FIG. 5, and so on.
  • the CU-UP network element is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner.
  • the "module” here can refer to application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) circuits, processors and memories that execute one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuits, and/or other functions that can provide the above functions.
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • Device In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art can imagine that the CU-UP network element may adopt the form shown in FIG. 6.
  • the processor 601 in FIG. 6 can make the CU-UP execute the communication method in the foregoing method embodiment by calling a computer-executable instruction stored in the memory 603.
  • the receiving unit 701, sending unit 702, and buffering unit 703 in FIG. 7, as well as the receiving unit 801, initiating unit 802, and sending unit 803 in FIG. 8, and the receiving unit 901 and sending unit 902 in FIG. /The implementation process can be implemented by the processor 601 in FIG. 6 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 603.
  • the function/implementation process of the cache unit 703 in FIG. 7 and the initiation unit 802 in FIG. 8 can be implemented by the processor 601 in FIG. 6 calling a computer execution instruction stored in the memory 603, and the receiving unit 701 and the sending unit 701 in FIG.
  • the function/implementation process of the unit 702, the receiving unit 801 and the sending unit 803 in FIG. 8 and the receiving unit 901 and the sending unit 902 in FIG. 9 can be implemented through the communication interface 604 in FIG.
  • the CU-UP and CU-CP are presented in the form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also divide each functional module of the CU-UP and the CU-CP corresponding to each function, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system
  • the chip system includes a processor, and is configured to support a user plane functional entity to implement the foregoing communication method.
  • the chip system also includes memory. This memory is used to store the necessary program instructions and data for CU-UP or CU-CP.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices, which are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center. Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • wired such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (SSD)).
  • the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium can include: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or CD, etc.

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种通信方法，包括：集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收第一UE发送的数据,该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。在第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后，CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，第一消息包含指示信息，该指示信息用于指示CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第二UE的传输。本申请实施例当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，UE之间的数据包可以经由CU-UP网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF转发，降低通信时延。

Description

一种通信方法、网元、系统及存储介质
本申请要求于2019年1月29日提交中国专利局，申请号为201910087838.1、发明名称为“一种通信方法、网元、系统及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法。
背景技术
为了应对无线宽带技术的挑战，保持第三代合作伙伴计划(third generation partnership project，3GPP)网络的领先优势，3GPP标准组制定了下一代移动通信网络架构(next generation system)，称为第五代移动通信技术(5th-generation，5G)网络架构。该架构不但支持3GPP标准组定义的无线技术接入5G核心网(5G core network)，而且支持非3GPP(non-3GPP)接入技术通过non-3GPP转换功能(non-3GPP interworking function，N3IWF)或下一代接入网关(next generation packet data gateway，ngPDG)接入5G核心网。上述3GPP标准组定义的无线技术包括：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，5G无线接入网络(radio access network，RAN)等。其中，RAN是一种将用户设备(user equipment，UE)接入到无线网络的设备，可以是下一代无线接入技术基站(next generation NodeB,gNB)或者下一代演进型基站(next generation-evolved NodeB,ng-eNB)。一个gNB或者ng-eNB可以由一个集中式单元(central unit or control unit，CU)和一个或多个分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)构成，一个CU可同时与一个或多个的DU连接。进一步的，CU可以由控制面(CU-control plane function，CU-CP)和用户面(CU-user plane function，CU-UP)构成。通常地，一个DU覆盖的范围称为一个小区。
目前，在这种通信网络架构下，第一UE向第二UE发送数据的过程为，第一UE先将数据包发送给第一DU，其中第一UE位于第一DU覆盖范围内且第一DU为第一UE的服务节点；再由第一DU将该数据包发送给第一CU-UP，其中第一DU与第一CU连接且第一CU-UP为第一CU的用户面网元，由第一CU-UP将数据包发送给核心网。核心网获知有数据要发送给第二UE，若第二UE处于空闲状态，此时第二UE与gNB或ng-eNB之间的连接以及gNB或ng-eNB与核心网之间的连接都是断开的，核心网无法发送数据给第二UE，其需要通过触发寻呼过程来寻找第二UE。核心网发送一个寻呼请求消息给第二UE的寻呼通知区域内的所有CU-CP，让这些CU-CP发送寻呼消息寻找第二UE，寻呼通知区域包括一个或者多个跟踪区(tracking area，TA)，TA是通信系统中寻呼区的基本单位，即寻呼消息将以TA为单位进行寻呼，一个UE的寻呼消息将在TA中的所有小区中发送。一个小区只能属于一个TA，一个TA可以包括一个或多个gNB或ng-eNB。如果第二UE通过某个DU从某个CU-CP收到寻呼消息，比如第二UE通过第二DU从第二CU-CP收到寻呼消息，第二DU与第二CU连接且第二CU-CP为第二CU的控制面网元，则第二UE会发起随机接入过程，建立第二UE与第二CU-CP之间的连接以及第二CU-CP与核心网之间的连接，这样第二UE就可以通过第二CU-UP从核心网接收数据，第二CU-UP为第二CU的用户面网元。
但是，在这种通信网络架构下，第一UE向第二UE发送的所有数据包都需要经过核心网的用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)转发，当通信双方的UE位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，也就是说，当第二CU-CP和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU时，即第一UE和第二UE都在同一个CU的覆盖范围内并由该CU提供服务，UE之间的数据包仍然通过UPF转发，不利于减少UE之间的通信时延。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、网元、系统及存储介质，当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，UE之间的数据包可以经由无线接入网络的用户面网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF网元转发，降低通信时延。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例提供以下技术方案：
本申请第一方面提供一种通信方法，可应用于集中式单元CU和分布式单元DU分离的通信网络架构下，该通信方法在应用过程中涉及集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元和集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收第一UE发送的数据,数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。在第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后，CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，第一消息包含指示信息，指示信息用于指示CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第二UE的传输。有上述第一方面可知，当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，UE之间的数据包可以经由CU-UP网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF网元转发，降低通信时延。
可选地，结合上述第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼，可以包括：CU-UP网元向用户面功能UPF网元发送第二消息，该第二消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到数据。第二消息用于指示UPF网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第一方面，在第二种可能的实现方式，CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼，可以包括：CU-UP网元向CU-CP网元发送第二消息，该第二消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到该数据。第二消息用于指示CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第一方面或第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第二消息中携带数据中的目标数据包，目标数据包是CU-UP网元发送给UPF网元的数据中的部分数据包。该方法还可以包括：CU-UP网元缓存数据中除目标数据包之外的剩余数据包。在CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息之后，CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，可以包括：CU-UP网元向第二UE发送剩余数据包。
可选地，结合上述第一方面或第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，在CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息之后，CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，可以包括：CU-UP网元将数据发送给第二UE。
可选地，结合上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第五种可能的实 现方式中，第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第一方面第一种可能的实现方式或第一方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
本申请第二方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息，该寻呼消息用于表示在第一网络设备获知集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第一UE发送的数据后指示CU-CP寻呼第二UE，该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-CP网元寻呼第二UE。在第二UE通过CU-CP网元接入网络后，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的第一消息，第一消息包含指示信息，指示信息用于指示CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发。CU-CP网元将指示信息发送给CU-UP网元，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第二UE的传输。
可选地，结合上述第二方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，在CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息之前，该方法还可以包括：CU-CP网元接收CU-UP网元发送的第二消息，第二消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到该数据。CU-CP网元根据第二消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第二方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，CU-CP网元根据第二消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼，可以包括：CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第二方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，该第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
本申请第三方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收第一UE发送的数据,该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。在第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后，CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，第一消息包含通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID，该TEID用于CU-UP网元自身建立本地用户面功能，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第二UE的传输。由上述第三方面可知，当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，提供了另一种使UE之间的数据包可以经由CU-UP网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF网元转发，降低通信时延的方式。
可选地，结合上述第三方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼，可以包括：CU-UP网元向CU-CP网元发送第二消息，第二消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到该数据。第二消息用于指示CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。在本申请实施例中，第一CU-UP获知要寻呼第一UE后，向第一CU-CP发送第一消息，不需要UPF网元的参与，减少信令开销、减低能耗。
可选地，结合上述第三方面或第三方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现 方式中，在CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息之后，CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，可以包括：CU-UP网元将数据发送给第二UE。
可选地，结合上述第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第三方面第一种可能的实现方式或第三方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
本申请第四方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息，该寻呼消息用于表示在第一网络设备获知集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第一UE发送的数据后指示CU-CP寻呼第二UE，该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-CP网元寻呼第二UE。在第二UE通过CU-CP网元接入网络后，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的第一消息，第一消息包含通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID，该TEID用于第一CU-UP自身建立本地用户面功能，CU-CP网元将该TEID发送给CU-UP网元，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第二UE的传输。
可选地，结合上述第四方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，在CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息之前，该方法还可以包括：CU-CP网元接收CU-UP网元发送的第二消息，第二消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到该数据。CU-CP网元根据第二消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第四方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，CU-CP网元根据第二消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼，可以包括：CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第四方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，该第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
本申请第五方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收第一UE发送的数据,该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。在第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，CU-UP网元对接收到的第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，也就是说，当通信双方的UE位于同一个CU时，CU-UP网元直接将第一UE发送给第二UE的数据发送给第二UE，不需要经由UPF网元转发，降低通信时延。
可选地，结合上述第五方面，在第一种可能的实现方式，CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼，可以包括：CU-UP网元向CU-CP网元发送第一消息，第一消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到该数据。第二消息用于指示CU-CP网元通过第一网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE进行寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第五方面或第五方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，在CU-UP网元接收CU-CP网元发送的第一消息之后，CU-UP网元对接收到的第一 UE发送的数据进行本地转发，可以包括：CU-UP网元将数据发送给第二UE。
可选地，结合上述第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第五方面第一种可能的实现方式或第五方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
本申请第六方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括：集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息，该寻呼消息用于表示在第一网络设备获知集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第一UE发送的数据后指示CU-CP寻呼第二UE，该数据是第一UE发送给第二UE。CU-CP网元寻呼第二UE，在第二UE通过CU-CP网元接入网络后，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，该数据由CU-UP网元进行本地转发。
可选地，结合上述第六方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，在CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息之前，该方法还可以包括：CU-CP网元接收CU-UP网元发送的第一消息，该第一消息用于表示CU-UP网元接收到数据。CU-CP网元根据第一消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第六方面第一种可能的实现方式，在第二种可能的实现方式中，CU-CP网元根据第二消息触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼，可以包括：CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发第一网络设备对第二UE的寻呼。
可选地，结合上述第六方面第二种可能的实现方式，在第三种可能的实现方式中，第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
可选地，结合上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，该第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
本申请第七方面提供一种通信方法，该方法可以包括:接入与移动管理功能AMF网元接收第一UE发送的业务请求消息，该业务请求消息用于响应第一UE接收到寻呼消息，寻呼消息用于指示集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。AMF网元根据业务请求消息向集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元发送第一消息，在CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，第一消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息通过CU-CP网元发送给CU-UP网元，用于指示CU-UP网元对接收到的第二UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现数据从CU-UP网元到第一UE的传输。
本申请第八方面提供一种集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元，该CU-UP网元具有实现上上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能或执行如上述第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能或执行如上述第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
本申请第九方面提供一种集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元，该CU-CP网元具有实现上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能或执行如上述第四方面或第四 方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能或执行如上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能实现方式的方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
本申请第十方面提供一种接入与移动管理功能AMF网元，该AMF网元具有实现上述第七方面的方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
本申请第十一方面提供集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该CU-UP网元运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该CU-UP网元执行如上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十二方面提供一种集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该CU-CP网元运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该CU-CP执行如上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十三方面提供一种集中式单元的接入与移动管理功能AMF网元，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机执行指令，当该AMF网元运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的该计算机执行指令，以使该AMF网元执行如上述第七方面的通信方法。
本申请第十四方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十五方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十六方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第七方面的通信方法。
本申请第十七方面提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十八方面提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法或执行如上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能实现方式的通信方法。
本申请第十九方面提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机可以执行上述第七方面的通信方法。
本申请第二十方面提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持CU-UP网元实现上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能或第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能或第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存CU-UP必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请第二十一方面提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持CU-CP网元实现上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能或第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能或第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存CU-CP必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请第二十二方面提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持AMF网元实现上述第七方面所涉及的功能。在一种可能的设计中，芯片系统还包括存储器，存储器，用于保存AMF网元必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请第二十三方面提供一种通信系统，包括CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元，该CU-UP网元为上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式或第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能的实现方式或第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所描述的CU-UP网元。该CU-CP网元为上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式或上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能的实现方式或上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所描述CU-CP网元。
本申请第二十四方面提供一种通信系统，包括CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元和AMF网元，该CU-UP网元为上述第一方面或第一方面任意一种可能的实现方式或第三方面或第三方面任意一种可能的实现方式或第五方面或第五方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所描述的CU-UP网元。该CU-CP网元为上述第二方面或第二方面任意一种可能的实现方式或上述第四方面或第四方面任意一种可能的实现方式或上述第六方面或第六方面任意一种可能的实现方式中所描述CU-CP网元。该AMF网元为上述第七方面所描述的AMF网元。
本申请实施例当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，UE之间的数据包可以经由无线接入网络的用户面网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF转发，降低通信时延。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构示意图；
图2为5G通信系统中的CU分离的架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的一个实施例示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的CU-UP网元的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的CU-CP网元的结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的AMF网元的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本申请的实施例进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。本领域普通技术人员可知，随着技术的发展和新场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、网元及系统，当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU覆盖范围内时，UE之间的数据包可以经由无线接入网络的用户面网元直接转发，而不需要经由UPF转发，降低通信时延。以下分别进行详细说明。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或模块，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。在本申请中出现的对步骤进行的命名或者编号，并不意味着必须按照命名或者编号所指示的时间/逻辑先后顺序执行方法流程中的步骤，已经命名或者编号的流程步骤可以根据要实现的技术目的变更执行次序，只要能达到相同或者相类似的技术效果即可。本申请中所出现的模块的划分，是一种逻辑上的划分，实际应用中实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块可以结合成或集成在另一个系统中，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行，另外，所显示的或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接可以是电性或其他类似的形式，本申请中均不作限定。并且，作为分离部件说明的模块或子模块可以是也可以不是物理上的分离，可以是也可以不是物理模块，或者可以分布到多个电路模块中，可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部模块来实现本申请方案的目的。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构示意图。
如图1所示，该系统架构为5G网络的系统架构示意图，该系统架构不但支持3GPP标准组定义的无线技术接入核心网络侧，而且支持non-3GPP接入技术通过non-3GPP转换功能(non-3GPP interworking function，N3IWF)或下一代接入网关(next generation packet data gateway，ngPDG)或固网接入网关或可信non-3GPP接入网关接入核心网络侧。
接入网(access network，AN)，在具体应用中又可称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，RAN由接入网设备组成，负责用户设备的接入。5G网络的RAN设备可以是下一代(next generation，NG)RAN设备，也可以是演进型通用陆地无线接入网(evolved universal terrestrial radio accessnetwork，E-UTRAN)设备，5G网络可同时连接至上 述两种接入网设备。RAN在本申请实施例中可以是下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)或者下一代演进型基站(next generation-evolved NodeB，ng-eNB)。其中，gNB为UE提供新空口(new radio,NR)的用户面功能和控制面功能,ng-eNB为UE提供演进型通用陆地无线接入(evolved universal terrestrial radio access,E-UTRA)的用户面功能和控制面功能，需要说明的是，gNB和ng-eNB仅是一种名称，用于表示支持5G网络系统的基站，并不具有限制意义。
如图2示出了一种5G通信系统中的CU分离的架构示意图，如图2所示，5G通信系统包括下一代核心网(next generation core，NGC)和连接NGC的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，连接NGC的RAN包括gNB和ng-eNB，为了便于说明，图2中仅示出了一个gNB和一个ng-eNB。一个gNB或者ng-eNB可以由一个集中式单元(central unit，CU)和一个或多个分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)构成。比如，如图2所示的一个gNB或者ng-eNB由一个CU和两个DU构成，进一步的，一个CU可以由一个控制面(CU-control plane function，CU-CP)和一个或多个用户面(CU-user plane function，CU-UP)构成。其中。CU和DU之间通过F1接口进行连接，CP和UP之间通过E1接口进行连接，CP和DU之间通过F1的控制面接口(F1-C)进行连接，UP和DU之间通过F1的用户面接口(F1-U)进行连接，如图2中所示，实线代表控制面传输，虚线代表用户面传输。CU和DU的功能切分可以按照协议栈进行切分。其中一种可能的方式是将无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)以及分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层和业务数据适应(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层部署在CU。无线链路层控制协议(radioLink control，RLC)、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)、物理层(physicallayer，PHY)部署在DU。相应地，CU具有RRC、PDCP和SDAP的处理能力。DU具有RLC、MAC、和PHY的处理能力。值得注意的是，上述功能切分只是一个例子，还有可能有其他切分的方式。例如，CU包括RRC、PDCP、RLC和SDAP的处理能力，DU具有MAC、和PHY的处理能力。又例如CU包括RRC、PDCP、RLC、SDAP和部分MAC(例如加MAC包头)的处理能力，DU具有PHY和部分MAC(例如调度)的处理能力。CU、DU的名字可能会发生变化，只要能实现上述功能的接入网节点都可以看做是本申请中的CU、DU。
数据网络(data network，DN)可以为运营商外部网络，也可以为运营商控制的网络，用于向用户提供业务服务。UE可通过接入运营商网络来访问DN，使用DN上的运营商或第三方提供的业务。
核心网络(core network，CN)作为承载网络提供到DN的接口，为UE提供通信连接、认证、管理、通信以及对数据业务完成承载等。在图1所示的网络架构中，核心网功能分为用户面功能与控制面功能。用户面功能主要负责分组数据包的转发、QoS控制等。控制面功能主要负责用户注册认证、移动性管理、向用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)下发数据包转发策略、或QoS控制策略等。其中，控制面功能主要包括接入与移动性管理功能(core access and mobility management function，AMF)网元与会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元等。具体的，AMF网元负责用户接入时的注册流程及用户移动过程中的位置管理，对UE的寻呼等。SMF网元负责用户发起业务时核心网 络侧建立相应的会话连接，为用户提供具体服务等。
具体的，如图1所示，用户设备UE可以通过RAN与AMF网元连接，AMF网元分别与SMF网元、统一数据管理功能(unified data management，UDM)等网元连接，SMF网元与UPF连接，UPF与DN连接。系统架构中的接口和连接可以包括：N1、N2、N3、N4和N6。其中，N1为UE和AMF网元之间的控制面连接，用于传输用户设备和核心网控制面之间的控制信令，具体的N1连接中的消息可以由UE和RAN之间的连接、RAN和AMF网元之间的N2连接进行传输。N2为RAN和AMF网元之间的控制面连接。N3为RAN和用户面功能之间的连接。N4为SMF网元和用户面功能之间的连接，用于传递SMF网元和用户面功能之间的控制信令。N6为用户面功能和DN之间的连接。
此外，核心网络侧还可以包括认证服务器网元(authentication server function，AUSF),用于UE的认证。统一数据管理网元(unified data manager，UDM)负责存储运营商网络的签约用户持久标识(subscriber permanent identifier，SUPI)、注册信息、信任状(credential)、签约数据。应用功能网元(application function，AF)，用于存储业务安全需求，提供策略判定的信息。通信节点(policy control function，PCF)具有根据安全需求完成用户面保护机制的协商，确定网络中的用户面保护机制的功能。网络存储功能(network function repository function，NRF)以及网络能力开放功能(network exposure function,NEF)。
本申请所涉及的用户设备UE可以表示任意适用的端用户设备，可以包括(或可以表示)诸如无线发送/接收单元(wireless transmit/receive unit，WTRU)、移动站、移动节点、移动设备、固定或移动签约单元、寻呼机、移动电话、手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、掌上电脑(personal digital assistant，PDA)、智能手机、笔记本型电脑、计算机、触摸屏设备、无线传感器或消费电子设备等设备。此处的“移动”站/节点/设备表示与无线(或移动)网络连接的站/节点/设备，而并不一定与该站/节点/设备的实际移动性有关。
目前，在图1所示的网络架构下，所有UE之间的数据包都需要经过UPF的转发。当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU的覆盖范围内，可以位于该CU连接的一个DU覆盖范围内，也可以位于该CU连接的不同DU覆盖范围内，UE之间的数据包仍然需要经过UPF的转发，不利于减少UE之间的通信时延。基于该网络架构，本申请实施例中当通信双方的UE都位于同一个CU的覆盖范围内时，通过CU-UP转发UE之间的数据包，减少UE之间的通信时延。下面将对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行具体的介绍。
图3为本申请实施例中通信方法的一个实施例示意图。
如图3所示，本申请实施例中通信方法的一个实施例可以包括：
301、第一CP-UP接收到第二UE发送的数据。
具体的说，第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。第一CU-UP也可以称为第一CU-UP网元，第二UE将数据包发送给第一DU，其中，第二UE位于第一DU覆盖范围内且第一DU为第二UE的服务节点，第一DU将该数据包发送给第一CU-UP，其中第一DU与第一CU连接且第一CU-UP为第一CU的用户面网元。
302、第一CU-UP向UPF网元发送第一消息。
该第一消息用于表示第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。
可选地，还包括步骤303。
303、第一CU-UP将该数据中的目标数据包发送给UPF网元。
该目标数据包可以是数据中的第一个数据包，也可以是数据中除第一个数据包之外的任意一个或几个数据包，本申请对此不做具体的限定。
需要说明的是，在实际应用过程中，步骤302和步骤303可以择一执行。
可选地，若第一CU-UP将该数据中的目标数据包发送给UPF网元，还包括步骤304。
304、第一CU-UP缓存该数据中除目标数据包之外的剩余数据包。
305、UPF网元接收到第一消息或接收到目标数据包后，向SMF网元发送第二消息。
第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息。
306、SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息。
该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。具体的说，若第一UE处于空闲状态，即此时第一UE与gNB或ng-eNB之间的连接以及gNB或ng-eNB与核心网之间的连接都是断开的，则需要SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，触发AMF网元通过寻呼过程来寻找第一UE。
307、AMF网元发起对第一UE的寻呼。
AMF网元接收到SMF网元发送的第三消息后，发送一个寻呼请求消息给第一UE的寻呼通知区域内的所有CU-CP，让这些CU-CP发送寻呼消息寻找第一UE。CU-CP也可以称为CU-CP网元。其中，寻呼通知区域包括一个或者多个跟踪区(tracking area，TA)。TA是通信系统中寻呼区的基本单位，即寻呼消息将以TA为单位进行寻呼，一个UE的寻呼消息将在一个或者多个TA中的所有小区中发送。进一步的说，为了在第一UE处于空闲状态时能够寻呼到第一UE，AMF网元可以在第一UE初始附着时为第一UE分配一个跟踪区列表。当AMF网元需要寻呼第一UE时，AMF网元会给第一UE的跟踪区列表所列的所有跟踪区内对应的所有CU-CP发送寻呼消息，接收到AMF网元发送的寻呼消息的CU-CP给该CU-CP控制的DU发送寻呼消息，用于请求DU对第一UE进行寻呼，接收到寻呼消息的DU会在对应的小区内发送寻呼消息。
308、第一UE向AMF网元发送业务请求(service request)消息。
接收到寻呼消息的第一UE以service request流程来响应AMF网元的寻呼，以通过业务请求流程建立其和AMF网元的信令连接。具体的，可以包括建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接，并通过该RRC连接向AMF网元发送业务请求消息。应理解，在第一UE与第二UE处于同一个CU的覆盖范围内情况下，第一UE向第一CU-CP请求建立RRC连接。
309、AMF网元向第一CU-CP发送第四消息。
该第四消息用于请求第一CU-CP在RAN侧(包括CU-CP、CU-UP和DU)建立第一UE的初始上下文，该第一UE的初始上下文可以包括以下参数中的至少一项：第一UE聚合最大比特率、需要建立的PDU会话列表、允许的网络切片选择辅助信息、移动性限制列表以及第一UE无线能力等。在步骤308建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的RRC连接中，第一CU-CP 确定和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，即第一UE和第二UE都在同一个CU的覆盖范围内并由该CU提供服务，此时第四消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，以实现第一UE的下行数据从第一CU-UP到第一UE的传输，也就是说，第一CU-CP接收到AMF网元发送的第四消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息用于第一CU-CP发送给第一CU-UP的第五消息中，用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发。应理解，第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，即第一CU-UP将接收到的第二UE发送给第一UE的数据包直接转发给第一UE，而不需要通过UPF网元进行转发。
310、第一CU-CP发起第一承载的建立流程。
第一承载的建立流程是步骤309中建立第一UE初始上下文在第一CU-UP的具体实现。具体地说，第一CU-CP向第一CU-UP发送第五消息，该第五消息用于请求第一CU-UP在第一CU-UP上建立第一承载的上下文，该承载的上下文可以包括：DU和第一CU-UP之间的下行链路传输层地址、通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID等。在步骤308建立第一UE和第一CP之间的RRC连接中，第一CU-CP确定和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，在步骤309中，第一CU-CP接收到AMF网元发送的第四消息中携带有指示信息，此时第一CU-CP向第一CU-UP发送的第五消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发。应理解，第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，即第一CU-UP将接收到的第二UE发送给第一UE的数据包直接转发给第一UE，而不需要通过UPF网元进行转发。
可选地，还包括步骤311。
311、第一CU-UP向第一CU-CP发送第五消息的响应消息。
该第五消息的响应消息用于确认已经建立了所需的承载上下文。
312、第一CU-CP发起第二承载的建立流程。
第二承载的建立流程是步骤309中建立第一UE初始上下文在DU和第一UE中的具体实现。举例说明，第一CU-CP请求DU建立信令无线承载(signal radio bearer,SRB)建立列表，数据无线承载(data radio bearer，DRB)建立列表，小区组配置等。其中，SRB建立列表包含SRB标识，重复性指示信息等。DRB建立列表包含DRB标识，数据流映射信息，上行用户面传输地址信息，RLC模式等。第一CU-CP通过DU向第一UE配置接入层安全模式，例如：配置SRB和DRB的安全算法。
可选地，还包括步骤313。
313、第一CU-CP向AMF网元发送第四消息的响应消息。
该响应消息用于确定已经建立第二承载。
314、第一CU-UP将第二UE发送给第一UE的数据发送给DU，以使得DU将该数据发送给第一UE。
具体地说，第一CU-UP使用步骤310中建立的第一承载将第二UE发送给第一UE的数据发送给DU，DU使用步骤312中建立的第二承载将该数据发送给第一UE。
可选地，对应于步骤303、304，还可以包括步骤315和步骤316。
315、第一CU-UP向第一UE发送该剩余报文。
316、UPF网元通过第一CU-UP向第一UE发送目标数据包。
在本申请实施例中，当第一UE与第一CU-CP建立RRC连接时，在确定第一UE和第二UE都在同一个CU的覆盖范围内并由该CU提供服务的情况下，AMF网元通过第四消息向第一CU-CP发送指示信息，该指示信息由第一CU-CP通过第五消息发送给第一CU-UP，该指示消息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，降低了通信时延。
由图3对应的实施例可知，第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送的数据后向UPF网元发送第一消息，在一些实施例中，第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据后也可以向第一CU-CP发送第一消息，下面进行具体的说明。
图4为本申请实施例中通信方法的另一个实施例示意图。
如图4所示，本申请实施例中通信方法的另一个实施例可以包括：
401、第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送的数据。
具体的说，第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。第一CU-UP也可以称为第一CU-UP网元，第二UE将数据包发送给第一DU，其中，第二UE位于第一DU覆盖范围内且第一DU为第二UE的服务节点，第一DU将该数据包发送给第一CU-UP，其中第一DU与第一CU连接且第一CU-UP为第一CU的用户面网元。
402、第一CU-UP向第一CU-CP发送第一消息。
第一CU-UP和第一CU-CP属于同一个CU。该第一消息用于表示第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。第一CU-UP可以具有如下功能：报文的路由和转发，报文检测和策略规则执行，流量使用上报，服务质量处理，上行流量验证，下行数据缓存和下行数据通告触发等。
403、第一CU-CP向SMF网元发送第二消息。
第一CU-CP接收到第一消息后，向SMF网元发送第二消息。第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。
404、SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息。
该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。具体的说，若第一UE处于空闲状态，即此时第一UE与gNB或ng-eNB之间的连接以及gNB或ng-eNB与核心网之间的连接都是断开的，则需要SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，触发AMF网元通过寻呼过程来寻找第一UE。
405、AMF网元发起对第一UE的寻呼。
AMF网元接收到SMF网元发送的第三消息后，发送一个寻呼请求消息给第一UE的寻呼通知区域内的所有CU-CP，让这些CU-CP发送寻呼消息寻找第一UE。CU-CP也可以称为CU-CP网元。其中，寻呼通知区域包括一个或者多个跟踪区(tracking area，TA)。TA是通信系统中寻呼区的基本单位，即寻呼消息将以TA为单位进行寻呼，一个UE的寻呼消息将在一个或者多个TA中的所有小区中发送。进一步的说，为了在第一UE处于空闲状态时能够寻呼到第一UE，AMF网元可以在第一UE初始附着时为第一UE分配一个跟踪区列表。当AMF网元需要寻呼第一UE时，AMF网元会给第一UE的跟踪区列表所列的所有跟踪区内对应的 所有CU-CP发送寻呼消息，接收到AMF网元发送的寻呼消息的CU-CP给该CU-CP控制的DU发送寻呼消息，用于请求DU对第一UE进行寻呼，接收到寻呼消息的DU会在对应的小区内发送寻呼消息。
406、第一UE向AMF网元发送业务请求(service request)消息。
接收到寻呼消息的第一UE以service request流程来响应AMF网元的寻呼，以通过业务请求流程建立其和AMF网元的信令连接。具体的，可以包括建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接，并通过该RRC连接向AMF网元发送业务请求消息。应理解，在第一UE与第二UE处于同一个CU的覆盖范围内时，第一UE向第一CU-CP请求建立RRC连接。
407、AMF网元向第一CU-CP发送第四消息。
该第四消息用于请求第一CU-CP在RAN侧(包括CU-CP、CU-UP和DU)建立第一UE的初始上下文。该第一UE的初始上下文可以包括以下参数中的至少一项：第一UE聚合最大比特率，需要建立的PDU会话列表、允许的网络切片选择辅助信息、移动性限制列表以及第一UE无线能力等。在步骤406建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的RRC连接中，第一CU-CP确定和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，此时第一CU-CP即为步骤402中的第一CU-CP，此时第四消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，以实现第一UE的下行数据从第一CU-UP到第一UE的传输。应理解，第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，即第一CU-UP将接收到的第二UE发送给第一UE的数据包直接转发给第一UE，而不需要通过UPF网元进行转发。
可选地，该第四消息中携带通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID，该TEID用于第一CU-UP自身建立本地用户面功能，也就是说，使第一CU-UP具有报文的路由和转发功能，以实现数据从第一CU-UP到第一UE的传输。
408、第一CU-CP发起第一承载的建立流程。
第一承载的建立流程是步骤407中建立第一UE初始上下文在第一CU-UP的具体实现。第一CU-CP向第一CU-UP发送第五消息，该第五消息用于请求建立承载的上下文，该承载的上下文可以包括DU和第一CU-UP之间的下行链路传输层地址、通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID等。在步骤406建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的RRC连接中，第一CU-CP确定和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU的情况下，在步骤407中，第一CU-CP接收到AMF网元发送的第四消息中携带有指示信息，则第一CU-CP向第一CU-UP发送的第五消息中携带指示信息，该指示信息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，即当第一UP接收到指示消息后，第一CU-UP将该数据直接发送给第一UE所对应的DU，以实现第一UE的下行数据从第一CU-UP到第一UE的传输。
可选地，该第五消息中携带携带通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID，该TEID用于第一CU-UP自身建立本地用户面功能，也就是说，使第一CU-UP具有报文的路由和转发功能，以实现数据从第一CU-UP到第一UE的传输。
可选地，还包括步骤409。
409、第一CU-UP向第一CU-CP发送第五消息的响应消息。
该第五消息的响应消息用于确认已经建立了所需的承载上下文。
410、第一CU-CP发起第二承载的建立流程。
第二承载的建立流程是步骤407中建立第一UE初始上下文在DU和第一UE中的具体实现。举例说明，第一CU-CP请求DU建立信令无线承载(signal radio bearer,SRB)建立列表，DRB建立列表，小区组配置等。其中，SRB建立列表包含SRB标识，重复性指示信息等。DRB建立列表包含DRB标识，数据流映射信息，上行用户面传输地址信息，RLC模式等。
第一CU-CP通过DU向第一UE配置接入层安全模式，例如：配置SRB和DRB的安全算法。
可选地，还包括步骤411。
411、第一CU-CP向AMF网元发送第四消息的响应消息。该响应消息用于确定已经建立第二承载。
412、第一CU-UP将第一UE的下行数据发送给DU，以使得DU将该下行数据发送给第一UE。
具体地说，第一CU-UP使用步骤408中建立的第一承载将第二UE发送给第一UE的数据发送给DU，DU使用步骤410中建立的第二承载将该数据发送给第一UE。
在本申请实施例中，第一CU-UP获知要寻呼第一UE后，向第一CU-CP发送第一消息，以使得第一CU-CP向SMF网元发送第二消息，第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼，在第一UE与第一CU-CP建立RRC连接时，确定第一CU-CP和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，此时AMF网元通过第四消息向第一CU-CP发送指示信息，该指示信息由第一CU-CP通过第五消息发送给第一CU-UP，该指示信息用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，不再通过UPF网元转发数据，降低了通信时延，同时第一CU-UP接收到要发送给第一UE的数据后，直接向第一CU-CP发送消息，不需要UPF网元的参与，减少信令开销、减低能耗。
由图4对应的实施例可知，接收到第一消息的第一CU-CP向SMF网元发送第二消息，第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼，需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，接收到第一消息的第一CU-CP可以直接向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼，也就是说，在一些实施例中，可以由第一CU-CP直接向AMF网元发送消息，该消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。
由图3、图4对应的实施例可知，在图1所示的网络架构下，当第一UE与第一CU-CP建立RRC连接时，若确定第一CU-CP和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，则第一CU-UP根据接收到的指示信息对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发。
在一些实施例中，若确定第一CU-CP和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU，第一CU-UP可以直接将第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发。
图5为本申请实施例中通信方法的另一个实施例示意图。
如图5所示，本申请实施例中通信方法的另一个实施例可以包括：
501、第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送的数据。
具体的说，第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。第一CU-UP也可以称为第一CU-UP网元，第二UE将数据包发送给第一DU，其中，第二UE位于第一DU覆盖范围内且第一DU为第二UE的服务节点，第一DU将该数据包发送给第一CU-UP，其中第一DU与第一CU连接且第一CU-UP为第一CU的用户面网元。
502、第一CU-UP向第一CU-CP发送第一消息。
第一CU-UP和第一CU-CP属于同一个CU。该第一消息用于表示第一CU-UP接收到第二UE发送给第一UE的数据。第一CU-UP可以具有如下功能：报文的路由和转发，报文检测和策略规则执行，流量使用上报，服务质量处理，上行流量验证，下行数据缓存和下行数据通告触发等。
503、第一CU-CP向SMF网元发送第二消息。
第一CU-CP接收到第一消息后，向SMF网元发送第二消息。第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。
504、SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息。
该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。具体的说，若第一UE处于空闲状态，即此时第一UE与gNB或ng-eNB之间的连接以及gNB或ng-eNB与核心网之间的连接都是断开的，则需要SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，触发AMF网元通过寻呼过程来寻找第一UE。
505、AMF网元发起对第一UE的寻呼。
AMF网元接收到SMF网元发送的第三消息后，发送一个寻呼请求消息给第一UE的寻呼通知区域内的所有CU-CP，让这些CU-CP发送寻呼消息寻找第一UE。CU-CP也可以称为CU-CP网元。其中，寻呼通知区域包括一个或者多个跟踪区(tracking area，TA)。TA是通信系统中寻呼区的基本单位，即寻呼消息将以TA为单位进行寻呼，一个UE的寻呼消息将在一个或者多个TA中的所有小区中发送。进一步的说，为了在第一UE处于空闲状态时能够寻呼到第一UE，AMF网元可以在第一UE初始附着时为第一UE分配一个跟踪区列表。当AMF网元需要寻呼第一UE时，AMF网元会给第一UE的跟踪区列表所列的所有跟踪区内对应的所有CU-CP发送寻呼消息，接收到AMF网元发送的寻呼消息的CU-CP给该CU-CP控制的DU发送寻呼消息，用于请求DU对第一UE进行寻呼，接收到寻呼消息的DU会在对应的小区内发送寻呼消息。
506、第一UE向AMF网元发送业务请求(service request)消息。
接收到寻呼消息的第一UE以service request流程来响应AMF网元的寻呼，以通过业务请求流程建立其和AMF网元的信令连接。具体的，可以包括建立第一UE和第一CU-CP之间的无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)连接，并通过该RRC连接向AMF网元发送业务请求消息。应理解，在第一UE与第二UE处于同一个CU的覆盖范围内时，第一UE向第一CU-CP请求建立RRC连接。
507、AMF网元向第一CU-CP发送第四消息。
该第四消息用于请求第一CU-CP在RAN侧(包括CU-CP、CU-UP和DU)建立第一UE的初始上下文，该第一UE的初始上下文可以包括：第一UE聚合最大比特率，需要建立的PDU 会话列表，允许的网络切片选择辅助信息，移动性限制列表，第一UE无线能力等。
508、第一CU-CP发起第一承载的建立流程。
第一承载的建立流程是步骤508中建立第一UE初始上下文在第一CU-UP的具体实现。第一CU-CP向第一CU-UP发送第五消息，该第五消息用于请求建立承载的上下文，该承载的上下文可以包括DU和第一CU-UP之间的下行链路传输层地址、通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议GTP的隧道端点标识TEID等。
可选地，还包括步骤509。
509、第一CU-UP向第一CU-CP发送第五消息的响应消息。
该第五消息的响应消息用于确认已经建立了所需的承载上下文。
510、第一CU-CP发起第二承载的建立流程。
第二承载的建立流程是步骤507中建立第一UE初始上下文在DU和第一UE中的具体实现。举例说明，第一CU-CP请求DU建立信令无线承载(signal radio bearer,SRB)建立列表，DRB建立列表，小区组配置等。其中，SRB建立列表包含SRB标识，重复性指示信息等。DRB建立列表包含DRB标识，数据流映射信息，上行用户面传输地址信息，RLC模式等。
第一CU-CP通过DU向第一UE配置接入层安全模式，例如：配置SRB和DRB的安全算法。
可选地，还包括步骤511。
511、第一CU-CP向AMF网元发送第四消息的响应消息。
该响应消息用于确定已经建立第二承载。
512、第一CU-UP将第一UE的下行数据发送给DU，以使得DU将该下行数据发送给第一UE。
具体地说，第一CU-UP使用步骤508中建立的承载将第二UE发送给第一UE的数据发送给DU，DU使用步骤510中建立的承载将该数据发送给第一UE。
在本申请实施例中，当第一UE与第一CU-CP建立RRC连接时，在确定第一CU-CP和第一CU-UP属于同一个CU的情况下，第一CU-UP直接对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发，降低了通信时延。
由图5对应的实施例可知，接收到第一消息的第一CU-CP向SMF网元发送第二消息，第二消息用于触发SMF网元向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，接收到第一消息的第一CU-CP可以直接向AMF网元发送第三消息，该第三消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼，也就是说，在一些实施例中，可以由第一CU-CP直接向AMF网元发送消息，该消息用于触发AMF网元对第一UE进行寻呼。此时，第一CU-CP可以具有会话管理的功能。可选地，AMF网元向第一CU-CP发送的第四消息中还包括指示信息，用于指示第一CU-UP对第一UE的下行数据进行本地转发。
需要说明的是，本申请下述实施例中各个网元之间的消息名字或消息中个参数的名字只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以是其他的名字，比如通知消息也可以称之为指示消息，在此进行统一说明，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，上述CU-UP网元和CU-CP网元为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的模块及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
从硬件结构上来描述，图3至图5中的CU-UP网元或CU-CP网元可以由一个实体设备实现，也可以由多个实体设备共同实现，还可以是一个实体设备内的一个逻辑功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
例如，CU-UP网元或CU-CP网元可以通过图6中的通信设备来实现。图6所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。该通信设备包括至少一个处理器601，通信线路602，存储器603以及至少一个通信接口604。
处理器601可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路602可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口604，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
存储器603可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically er服务器able programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路602与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器603用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器601来控制执行。处理器601用于执行存储器603中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的通信的方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器601可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图6中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备可以包括多个处理器，例如图6中的处理 器601和处理器607。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备还可以包括输出设备605和输入设备606。输出设备605和处理器601通信，可以以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备605可以是液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)，发光二级管(light emitting diode，LED)显示设备，阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备，或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备606和处理器601通信，可以以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备606可以是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
上述的通信设备可以是一个通用设备或者是一个专用设备。在具体实现中，通信设备可以是台式机、便携式电脑、网络服务器、掌上电脑(personal digital assistant，PDA)、移动手机、平板电脑、无线终端设备、嵌入式设备或有图6中类似结构的设备。本申请实施例不限定通信设备的类型。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对CU-UP网元或CU-CP网元进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
比如，以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的情况下，图7示出了一种CU-UP网元的结构示意图。
如图7所示，本申请实施例提供的CU-UP网元可以包括接收单元701、发送单元702，
接收单元701，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤301，上述图3对应的实施例中的310，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤401，图4对应的实施例中的步骤408，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤501，图5对应的实施例中的步骤508等。
发送单元702，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤302，图3对应的实施例中的步骤303，图3对应的实施例中的步骤311，图3对应的实施例中的步骤314，图3对应的实施例中的步骤315，图4对应的实施例中的步骤402，图4对应的实施例中的步骤409，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤412，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤502，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤509，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤512等。
可选地，还可以包括缓存单元703，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤304。
如图8所示，本申请实施例提供的CU-CP网元可以包括接收单元801、触发单元802，发送单元803。
接收单元801，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤307，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤308，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤309，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤311，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤402，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤405，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤406，图4对应的实施例中的步骤407，图4对应的实施例中的步骤409，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤502，图5对应的实施例中的步骤505，图5对应的实施例 中的步骤506，图5对应的实施例中的步骤507，图5对应的实施例中的步骤509等。
还可以包括发起单元802，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤310，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤312，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤408，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤410，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤508，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤510等。
发送单元803，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤307，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤308，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤313，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤403，图4对应的实施例中的步骤405，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤406，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤411，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤503，图5对应的实施例中的步骤505，图5对应的实施例中的步骤506，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤511等。
如图9所示，本申请实施例提供的AMF网元可以包括接收单元901、发送单元902。
接收单元901，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤306，图3对应的实施例中的步骤308，图3对应的实施例中的步骤313，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤404，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤406，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤411，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤504，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤506，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤511等。
发送单元902，用于执行上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤307，上述图3对应的实施例中的步骤309，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤405，上述图4对应的实施例中的步骤407，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤505，上述图5对应的实施例中的步骤507等。
在本实施例中，该CU-UP网元以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)电路，执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器，集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到CU-UP网元可以采用图6所示的形式。
比如，图6中的处理器601可以通过调用存储器603中存储的计算机执行指令，使得CU-UP执行上述方法实施例中的通信方法。
具体的，图7中的接收单元701、发送单元702和缓存单元703，以及图8中的接收单元801、发起单元802，发送单元803，以及图9中的接收单元901，发送单元902的功能/实现过程可以通过图6中的处理器601调用存储器603中存储的计算机执行指令来实现。或者，图7缓存单元703和图8中的发起单元802的功能/实现过程可以通过图6中的处理器601调用存储器603中存储的计算机执行指令来实现，图7中的接收单元701和发送单元702，图8中的接收单元801和发送单元803以及图9中的接收单元901，发送单元902的功能/实现过程可以通过图6中的通信接口604来实现。
由于本申请实施例提供的CU-UP和CU-CP可用于执行上述通信的方法，因此其所能获得的技术效果可参考上述方法实施例，在此不再赘述。
上述实施例中，CU-UP和CU-CP以采用集成的方式划分各个功能模块的形式来呈现。当然，本申请实施例也可以对应各个功能划分CU-UP和CU-CP的各个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选的，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，用于支持用户面功能实体实现上述通信的方法。在一种可能的设计中，该芯片系统还包括存储器。该存储器，用于保存CU-UP或CU-CP必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的各种方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，存储介质可以包括：ROM、RAM、磁盘或光盘等。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的通信方法、网元以及系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收第一UE发送的数据,所述数据是所述第一UE发送给第二UE；
    所述CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼；
    在所述第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后，所述CU-UP网元接收所述CU-CP网元发送的第一消息，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，所述第一消息包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第二UE的传输。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼，包括：
    所述CU-UP网元向用户面功能UPF网元发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据；
    所述第二消息用于指示所述UPF网元通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述CU-UP网元触发第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼，包括：
    所述CU-UP网元向所述CU-CP网元发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据；
    所述第二消息用于指示所述CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二消息中携带所述数据中的目标数据包，所述目标数据包是所述CU-UP网元发送给所述UPF网元的所述数据中的部分数据包；
    所述方法还包括：
    所述CU-UP网元缓存所述数据中除所述目标数据包之外的剩余数据包；
    在所述CU-UP网元接收所述CU-CP网元发送的所述第一消息之后，所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，包括：
    所述CU-UP网元向所述第二UE发送所述剩余数据包。
  5. 根据权利要求1或3所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述CU-UP网元接收所述CU-CP网元发送的第一消息之后，所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，包括：
    所述CU-UP网元将所述数据发送给所述第二UE。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
  7. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络设备是会话管理功能 SMF网元。
  8. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于表示在所述第一网络设备获知集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第一UE发送的数据后指示所述CU-CP寻呼第二UE，所述数据是所述第一UE发送给第二UE；
    所述CU-CP网元寻呼所述第二UE；
    在所述第二UE通过所述CU-CP网元接入网络后，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，所述CU-CP网元接收所述第一网络设备发送的第一消息，所述第一消息包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发；
    所述CU-CP网元将所述指示信息发送给所述CU-UP网元，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第二UE的传输。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述CU-CP网元接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述CU-CP网元接收所述CU-UP网元发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据；
    所述CU-CP网元根据所述第二消息触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE的寻呼。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述CU-CP网元根据所述第二消息触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE的寻呼，包括：
    所述CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE的寻呼。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络设备是会话管理功能SMF网元。
  12. 根据权利要求8-11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网络设备是接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    接入与移动性管理功能AMF网元接收第一UE发送的业务请求消息，所述业务请求消息用于响应所述第一UE接收到寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于表示集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第二UE发送给所述第一UE的数据；
    所述AMF网元根据所述业务请求消息向集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元发送第一消息，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，所述第一消息包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第二UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第一UE的传输。
  14. 一种集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口，用于接收第一UE发送的数据，所述数据是所述第一UE发送给第二UE；
    处理器，与所述通信接口耦合，用于根据所述通信接口接收的所述数据触发第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述第二UE通过集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元接入网络后， 接收所述CU-CP网元发送的第一消息，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，所述第一消息包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第二UE的传输。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的网元，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，还用于向用户面功能UPF网元发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据，所述第二消息用于指示所述UPF网元通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的网元，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，还用于向所述CU-CP网元发送第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据，所述第二消息用于指示所述CU-CP网元通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE进行寻呼。
  17. 根据权利要求14或15所述的网元，其特征在于，还包括：
    存储器，与所述通信接口耦合，用于缓存所述数据中除所述目标数据包之外的剩余数据包，所述目标数据包是所述通信接口发送给所述UPF网元的第一消息中携带的所述数据中的部分数据包；
    所述通信接口，还用于向所述第二UE发送所述剩余数据包。
  18. 根据权利要求14或16所述的网元，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，具体用于将所述数据发送给所述第二UE。
  19. 一种集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口，用于接收第一网络设备发送的寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于表示在所述第一网络设备获知集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第一UE发送的数据后指示所述CU-CP寻呼第二UE，所述数据是所述第一UE发送给第二UE；
    处理器，与所述通信接口耦合，用于在所述通信接口接收所述寻呼消息后通过所述通信接口寻呼所述第二UE；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述第二UE通过所述CU-CP网元接入网络后，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，接收所述第一网络设备发送的第一消息，所述第一消息包含指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第一UE发送的数据进行本地转发；
    所述通信接口，还用于将所述通信接口接收的所述指示信息发送给所述CU-UP网元，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第二UE的传输。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的网元，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述通信接口接收所述第一网络设备发送的第一消息之前接收所述CU-UP网元发送的第二消息，所述第二消息用于表示所述CU-UP网元接收到所述数据；
    所述处理器，还用于根据所述第二消息通过所述通信接口触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE的寻呼。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的网元，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于通过第二网络设备触发所述第一网络设备对所述第二UE的寻呼。
  22. 一种接入与移动管理功能AMF网元，其特征在于，包括：
    通信接口，用于接收第一UE发送的业务请求消息，所述业务请求消息用于响应所述第一UE接收到寻呼消息，所述寻呼消息用于指示集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元接收到第二UE发送给所述第一UE的数据；
    所述通信接口，还用于根据所述业务请求消息向集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元发送第一消息，在所述CU-UP网元和所述CU-CP网元属于同一个集中式单元CU的情况下，所述第一消息中携带指示信息，所述指示信息通过所述CU-CP网元发送给所述CU-UP网元，用于指示所述CU-UP网元对接收到的所述第二UE发送的数据进行本地转发，以实现所述数据从所述CU-UP网元到所述第一UE的传输。
  23. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括集中式单元的用户面CU-UP网元和集中式单元的控制面CU-CP网元，
    所述CU-UP网元为权利要求1至7中描述的CU-UP网元；
    所述CU-CP网元为权利要求8至12中描述的CU-CP网元。
  24. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，当指令在计算机装置上运行时，使得所述计算机装置执行如权利要求1至7任一所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，当指令在计算机装置上运行时，使得所述计算机装置执行如权利要求8至12任一所述的方法。
  26. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，当指令在计算机装置上运行时，使得所述计算机装置执行如权利要求13所述的方法。
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