WO2020155274A1 - Optical film layer and display device - Google Patents

Optical film layer and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155274A1
WO2020155274A1 PCT/CN2019/076528 CN2019076528W WO2020155274A1 WO 2020155274 A1 WO2020155274 A1 WO 2020155274A1 CN 2019076528 W CN2019076528 W CN 2019076528W WO 2020155274 A1 WO2020155274 A1 WO 2020155274A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
optical axis
optical
substrate
single optical
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PCT/CN2019/076528
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
单剑锋
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惠科股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020155274A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155274A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3016—Polarising elements involving passive liquid crystal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G02B5/3025—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state
    • G02B5/3033—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid
    • G02B5/3041—Polarisers, i.e. arrangements capable of producing a definite output polarisation state from an unpolarised input state in the form of a thin sheet or foil, e.g. Polaroid comprising multiple thin layers, e.g. multilayer stacks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation

Definitions

  • This application relates to an optical film layer and a display device.
  • VA-type liquid crystal panels have higher production efficiency and lower production efficiency.
  • the manufacturing cost is advantageous, but in terms of optical properties, compared with IPS liquid crystal panels, there are more obvious defects in optical properties.
  • large-size panels require a larger viewing angle for commercial applications.
  • the VA-type liquid crystal panel drives the brightness of the large viewing angle to quickly saturate with the voltage, which causes the viewing angle image quality contrast and color shift compared to the front view image quality to deteriorate more seriously, resulting in visual role shift.
  • the exemplary VA-type liquid crystal panel has the problem of large viewing angle image quality contrast and color shift compared to the front view image quality, resulting in a problem of viewing role shift.
  • an optical film layer and a display device are provided.
  • An optical film layer comprising:
  • a first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
  • the second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove.
  • the second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
  • the first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer Optical axis on one side of the optical layer.
  • the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
  • the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
  • the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
  • the protruding structure is a triangular prism structure, and one side of the triangular prism structure is attached to the plate-shaped portion to extend, the extension directions of a plurality of the protruding structures are parallel, and two adjacent ones The raised structures are arranged at intervals.
  • the convex structure is a triangular pyramid structure, a plurality of the convex structures are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array, and two adjacent convex structures are arranged at intervals.
  • the material of the second single optical axis optical layer includes nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
  • the material of the first single optical axis optical layer includes nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
  • the first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer includes a transparent substrate and is formed on the A plurality of strip-shaped metal layers on the transparent substrate, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel; or
  • the first grating layer is embedded on a side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer includes a layer formed on the second single optical axis optical layer.
  • a plurality of strip-shaped metal layers on one side of the layer, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
  • the width of the metal layer is 50 nm to 150 nm
  • the thickness of the metal layer is 100 nm to 200 nm
  • the distance between two adjacent metal layers is 100 nm to 200 nm.
  • An optical film layer comprising:
  • a first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
  • the second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove.
  • the second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
  • the first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer On one side of the optical layer of the optical axis;
  • the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5;
  • the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5;
  • the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
  • a display device includes:
  • Backlight module used to provide incident light
  • a display panel placed above the backlight module, for receiving the incident light and displaying images
  • the display panel includes:
  • a first substrate disposed on a side of the optical film layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer;
  • a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate
  • a display layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate
  • a second grating layer arranged between the display layer and the second substrate;
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
  • the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
  • a compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical film layer according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical film layer according to an embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the refraction effect on the interface that is not perpendicular to the direction of light travel;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer corresponding to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer in another embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer corresponding to FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first grating layer of the optical film layer shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backlight module of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of an embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of an embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12;
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12.
  • the optical film layer 210 includes a first single optical axis optical layer 211, a second single optical axis optical layer 212 and a first grating layer 213.
  • the first grating layer stack 213 is on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211 (see FIG. 1); or is embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first On one side of the single optical axis optical layer 211 (see FIG. 2).
  • a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer 211, and the first single optical axis optical layer 211 has optical anisotropy and has an extraordinary refractive index ne 1 and an ordinary refractive index no 1 .
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 1 is the equivalent refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis;
  • the ordinary refractive index no 1 is the first single optical axis optical layer 211 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis
  • birefringence occurs when light passes through the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
  • ne 1 >no 1 that is, the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is a positive single optical axis optical layer.
  • nx 1 is the refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the x direction
  • ny 1 is the refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the y direction
  • nz 1 is the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the y direction.
  • the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is 1.0-2.5.
  • the material of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 includes but is not limited to nematic liquid crystal molecular materials.
  • the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 has optical anisotropy, and has an extraordinary refractive index ne 2 and an ordinary refractive index no 2 .
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 is the equivalent refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis;
  • the ordinary refractive index no 2 is the second single optical axis optical layer 212 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis.
  • ne 2 >no 2 that is, the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a positive single optical axis optical layer.
  • nx 2 is the refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 in the x direction
  • ny 2 is the refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 in the y direction
  • nz 2 is the second single optical axis
  • the refractive index of the optical axis optical layer 212 in the z direction, the z direction is the extension direction of the film thickness of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 (perpendicular to the light exit surface of the second single optical axis optical layer 212)
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 1.0-2.5.
  • the material of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 includes but is not limited to nematic liquid crystal molecular materials.
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is greater than the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
  • the difference between the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 and the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is 0.01-2.
  • the difference between ne 2 and no 1 is greater, the easier it is to distribute the front-view light energy to a large viewing angle.
  • the optical axis direction in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is perpendicular to the optical axis direction in the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
  • the ordinary refractive index no 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a refractive index in the 0/180 degree direction
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 90/270 The refractive index in degree direction
  • the ordinary refractive index no 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a refractive index in the direction of 90/270 degrees
  • the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 0/180.
  • the refractive index in degree direction wherein, the surface formed by the 0/180 degree direction and the 90/270 degree direction is parallel to the light incident surface of the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
  • a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer 211, and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 includes a plate-shaped portion 2121 and a plate attached to one side of the plate-shaped portion 2121.
  • a plurality of protruding structures 2122 matching the shape and size of the groove.
  • the light incident surface of the convex structure 2122 forms a junction that is not perpendicular to the light advancing direction
  • the interface surface which is not perpendicular to the direction of light travel, produces a refraction effect (see Figure 3), allowing the light to travel to produce angular changes.
  • the convex structures are arranged periodically, that is, the refraction portions constructed by the convex structures are arranged periodically.
  • the protruding structure 2122 is a triangular prism structure, the triangular prism structure has multiple sides, and one side of the triangular prism structure extends in contact with the plate-shaped portion 2121, and the extending direction of the multiple protruding structures 2122 In parallel, two adjacent raised structures 2122 are arranged at intervals.
  • the width of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Lx 1
  • the thickness of the convex structure 2122 is d 1
  • the thickness of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 is D 1
  • d 1 is not 0, and D 1 ⁇ d 1 .
  • the protruding structure 2122 is a triangular pyramid structure, and the plurality of protruding structures 2122 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array, and two adjacent protruding structures 2122 are arranged at intervals to more effectively combine
  • the front-view light energy is distributed to the two-dimensional direction, making the full-view viewing more uniform.
  • FIG. 7 Please refer to FIG. 7 together.
  • the width of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Ly 2
  • the distance between the centers of the two adjacent raised structures 2122 of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Py 2 , Py 2 ⁇ Ly 2
  • the thickness of the convex structure 2122 is d 2
  • the thickness of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 is D 2
  • d 2 is not 0, and D 2 ⁇ d 2 .
  • the first grating layer 213 is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211. On one side of the single optical axis optical layer 211.
  • the first grating layer 213 can convert natural light into polarized light.
  • the thickness of the first grating layer 213 is generally less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the first grating layer includes a transparent substrate 2131 and is formed on a transparent substrate 2131.
  • the plurality of strip-shaped metal layers 2132 on the substrate 2131 are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
  • the transparent substrate 2131 includes but is not limited to one of a glass substrate, a silica gel substrate, a silicon dioxide substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and a polyethylene terephthalate substrate.
  • the metal layer 2132 includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum and copper.
  • the metal layer 2132 is formed on the transparent substrate 2131.
  • the metal layers 2132 are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the metal layers 2132 are parallel to each other to form a grating.
  • the width of the metal layer 2132 is 50 nm-150 nm; the thickness of the metal layer 2132 is 100 nm-200 nm; and the distance between two adjacent metal layers 2132 is 100 nm-200 nm.
  • the first grating layer 213 when the first grating layer 213 is embedded on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, the first grating layer includes a layer formed on the second single optical axis optical layer 212.
  • the metal layer includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum, and copper.
  • the metal layer is formed on one side of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212, and the multiple metal layers are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extension directions of the multiple metal layers are parallel to each other to form a grating.
  • the width of the metal layer is 50nm-150nm; the thickness of the metal layer 2132 is 100nm-200nm; the distance between two adjacent metal layers 2132 is 100nm-200nm.
  • the first grating layer 213 is divided into electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the metal layer and electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is parallel to the extension direction of the metal layer.
  • the first grating layer 213 absorbs or reflects electromagnetic wave vibration components and
  • the electromagnetic wave component parallel to the extension direction of the metal layer only penetrates the electromagnetic wave component perpendicular to the extension direction of the metal layer, and obtains the same effect as the polarizer, passing only the polarized light perpendicular to the extension direction of the polarizer.
  • the light is composed of horizontal polarization (0/180 degree direction of electric field vibration) and vertical polarization (90/270 degree direction of electric field vibration), and the first grating layer 213 has the function of absorbing and penetrating polarized light.
  • the extending direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 90/270 degree direction.
  • the horizontally polarized light can pass through the first grating layer 213, the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the first single-axis optical layer 211 is no 1 , and the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the second single-axis optical layer 212
  • the refractive index is ne 2 , since ne 2 > no 1 , the interface between the first single optical axis optical layer 211 and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 sees that horizontally polarized light is emitted from the optically thinner medium to the optically denser medium. It is an optical phenomenon that produces refraction and distributes the energy of the positive viewing angle light type with a large viewing angle.
  • the extending direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 0/180 degree direction.
  • the equivalent refractive index of the vertically polarized light passing through the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is no 1
  • the equivalent of the vertically polarized light passing through the second single optical axis optical layer 212 The refractive index is ne 2 , since ne 2 >no 1 , the interface between the first single optical axis optical layer 211 and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 sees that vertically polarized light is emitted from the optically thinner medium to the optically denser medium. It is an optical phenomenon that produces refraction and distributes the energy of the positive viewing angle light type with a large viewing angle.
  • the optical film layer provided by this embodiment includes a first single optical axis optical layer 211, a second single optical axis optical layer 212, and a first grating layer 213.
  • the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is greater than that of the first
  • the ordinary refractive index of the single-optical axis optical layer 211 will produce refraction when the light passes through the junction surface of the groove and the convex structure, so that the normal viewing angle light type energy can be distributed with a large viewing angle, and the viewing angle deviation is improved;
  • the first grating layer 213 is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, or embedded on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211 , Can make natural light into polarized light, instead of thicker polarizer. Therefore, the above-mentioned optical film layer can distribute the positive viewing angle light
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in this embodiment.
  • the display device 10 includes a backlight module 100 and a display panel 200.
  • the backlight module 100 provides a collimated light emitting backlight source (collimate light emitting BL), so that the energy of the light is concentrated in the positive viewing angle for output.
  • the backlight module 100 has a highly directional backlight light output, including a reflective sheet 110, a light guide plate 120, a prism film 130, and an LED light source 140, the reflective sheet 110 and the light guide plate 120, and a prism
  • the films 130 are stacked in sequence
  • the light guide plate 120 has a light incident surface 121
  • the LED light source 140 is arranged opposite to the light incident surface 121
  • the light guide plate 120 is provided with a strip-shaped first groove 122 on the side close to the reflective sheet 110.
  • the cross section of 122 is V-shaped, the extending direction of the first groove 122 is perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140, the light guide plate 120 is provided with a strip-shaped second groove 123 on the side close to the prism film 130, and the second groove 123
  • the cross section of the second groove 123 is V-shaped, and the extending direction of the second groove 123 is parallel to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140.
  • the prism side of the prism film 130 is laminated on the light guide plate 120.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the display panel in this embodiment.
  • the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, a photoresist layer 250, and a second substrate 260.
  • the first substrate 220 is disposed on the side of the optical film layer 210 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211; the second substrate 260 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 220; the display layer 230 is disposed on the first substrate 220 and the second substrate 220. Between the two substrates 260; the second grating layer 240 is disposed between the display layer 230 and the second substrate 260; the photoresist layer 250 is disposed between the second grating layer 240 and the second substrate 260, or is disposed on the first substrate Between 220 and the display layer 230.
  • the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, a photoresist layer 250, and a second substrate 260 which are sequentially stacked.
  • the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a photoresist layer 250, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, and a second substrate 260 that are sequentially stacked. .
  • the optical film layer 210 refers to the related description of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the optical film layer 210 can distribute the front-view light-type energy to a large viewing angle, improve the viewing angle deviation, and can also convert natural light into polarized light to replace the polarizing plate and thin the thickness of the display panel.
  • the first substrate 220 is disposed on the side of the optical film layer 210 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211
  • the second substrate 260 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 220
  • the first substrate 220 and the second substrate 260 are
  • the material is not limited, and the glass substrate can be used specifically.
  • the display layer 230 includes a liquid crystal material layer and electrode layers disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal material layer, wherein the material of the electrode layer may be indium tin oxide.
  • the second grating layer 240 includes a transparent substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped metal layers formed on the transparent substrate, and the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
  • the transparent substrate includes but is not limited to one of a glass substrate, a silica gel substrate, a silicon dioxide substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and a polyethylene terephthalate substrate.
  • the metal layer includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum, and copper. The metal layer is formed on the transparent substrate, and the multiple metal layers are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extension directions of the multiple metal layers are parallel to each other to form a grating.
  • the width of the metal layer is 50 nm-150 nm; the thickness of the metal layer is 100 nm-200 nm; and the distance between two adjacent metal layers is 100 nm-200 nm.
  • the second grating layer 240 is disposed opposite to the first grating layer 213 of the optical film layer 210, that is, the multiple metal layers of the second grating layer 240 correspond to the multiple metal layers of the first grating layer 213.
  • the second grating layer 240 has a structure and function similar to that of the first grating layer 213, and has the functions of absorbing and penetrating polarized light.
  • the photoresist layer 250 is used to provide hue to the display panel, so that the display panel forms a colorful display image.
  • the photoresist layer 250 may be disposed between the second grating layer 240 and the second substrate 260, or may also be disposed between the first substrate 220 and the display layer 230.
  • the display panel may further include: a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the second grating layer 240; and/or a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the first substrate 220.
  • the display panel when the photoresist layer 250 is disposed between the first substrate 220 and the display layer 230, the display panel can also It includes: a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the second grating layer 240; and/or a compensation film layer disposed between the photoresist layer 250 and the first substrate 220.
  • the display panel 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned laminated structure, and different layers can be added with materials with special functions according to different requirements. For example, other functional materials are added to a single-function film layer to obtain a multi-functional film layer.
  • the stacking order of the various film layers in the display panel 200 can be changed according to the required functions, and at the same time, other functional film layers and the like can be added as required.
  • the display device 10 provided by this embodiment includes a backlight module 100 with a high directivity backlight output, and a thin display panel 200 with a large viewing angle and improved color shift.
  • the display panel 200 can distribute the light-type energy of the front viewing angle to a large viewing angle through the arrangement of the optical film layer 210, and solve the problem of the large viewing angle of the display panel 200, thereby eliminating the need to divide each sub-pixel into a main pixel.
  • both the first grating layer 213 and the second grating layer 240 can turn natural light into polarized light, instead of a thicker polarizer, and make the display panel 200
  • the thickness is relatively thin, so that the display device 10 has a light and thin volume, a low display color shift rate and a high display efficiency, which can improve the user experience.

Abstract

The present application relates to an optical film layer and a display device. The optical film layer comprises: a first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves being formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer; a second single optical axis optical layer comprising a plate-shaped part and a plurality of protrusion structures matching the grooves in shape and size attached on one side of the plate-shaped part, the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer being greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer; and a first grating layer laminated on one side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer or embedded on one side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer.

Description

光学膜层和显示装置Optical film and display device
本申请要求于2019-01-30提交中国专利局，申请号为2019100904988，申请名称为“光学膜层和显示装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims to be filed with the Chinese Patent Office on 2019-01-30, the application number is 2019100904988, and the application name is "Optical Film and Display Device" for the priority of the Chinese patent application, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及一种光学膜层和显示装置。This application relates to an optical film layer and a display device.
背景技术Background technique
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然地构成现有技术。The statements here only provide background information related to this application, and do not necessarily constitute prior art.
现行大尺寸液晶显示面板通常采用VA(Vertical Alignment，垂直排列)液晶面板或者IPS(In-Plane Switching，平面转换)液晶面板，VA型液晶面板相较于IPS液晶面板存在较高的生产效率及低制造成本得优势，但光学性质上相较于IPS液晶面板存在较明显得光学性质缺陷，尤其是大尺寸面板在商业应用方面需要较大的视角呈现。例如，VA型液晶面板驱动在大视角亮度随电压快速饱和而造成视角画质对比及色偏相较于正视画质品质恶化严重，产生视角色偏。Current large-size liquid crystal display panels usually use VA (Vertical Alignment) liquid crystal panels or IPS (In-Plane Switching) liquid crystal panels. Compared with IPS liquid crystal panels, VA-type liquid crystal panels have higher production efficiency and lower production efficiency. The manufacturing cost is advantageous, but in terms of optical properties, compared with IPS liquid crystal panels, there are more obvious defects in optical properties. In particular, large-size panels require a larger viewing angle for commercial applications. For example, the VA-type liquid crystal panel drives the brightness of the large viewing angle to quickly saturate with the voltage, which causes the viewing angle image quality contrast and color shift compared to the front view image quality to deteriorate more seriously, resulting in visual role shift.
因此，范例性的VA型液晶面板存在大视角画质对比及色偏相较于正视画质品质恶化严重，产生视角色偏的问题。Therefore, the exemplary VA-type liquid crystal panel has the problem of large viewing angle image quality contrast and color shift compared to the front view image quality, resulting in a problem of viewing role shift.
发明内容Summary of the invention
根据本申请公开的各种实施例，提供一种光学膜层和显示装置。According to various embodiments disclosed in the present application, an optical film layer and a display device are provided.
一种光学膜层，包括：An optical film layer, comprising:
第一单光轴光学层，所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上形成有多个凹槽；A first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
第二单光轴光学层，包括板状部和贴合在所述板状部一侧上的多个与所述凹槽形状、尺寸相匹配的凸起结构，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率大于所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率；The second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove. The second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
第一光栅层，层叠在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；或 内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上。The first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer Optical axis on one side of the optical layer.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率为1.0-2.5。In one of the embodiments, the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率为1.0-2.5。In one of the embodiments, the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率与所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率之差为0.01-2。In one of the embodiments, the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
在其中一个实施例中，所述凸起结构为三棱柱结构，且三棱柱结构的一侧面贴合所述板状部延伸，多个所述凸起结构的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个凸起结构间隔设置。In one of the embodiments, the protruding structure is a triangular prism structure, and one side of the triangular prism structure is attached to the plate-shaped portion to extend, the extension directions of a plurality of the protruding structures are parallel, and two adjacent ones The raised structures are arranged at intervals.
在其中一个实施例中，所述凸起结构为三棱锥结构，多个所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排布，相邻的两个凸起结构间隔设置。In one of the embodiments, the convex structure is a triangular pyramid structure, a plurality of the convex structures are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array, and two adjacent convex structures are arranged at intervals.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第二单光轴光学层的材料包括向列相液晶分子材料。In one of the embodiments, the material of the second single optical axis optical layer includes nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一单光轴光学层的材料包括向列相液晶分子材料。In one of the embodiments, the material of the first single optical axis optical layer includes nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一光栅层层叠在第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上，所述第一光栅层包括透明基板和形成在所述透明基板上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层间隔且平行设置；或者In one of the embodiments, the first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer includes a transparent substrate and is formed on the A plurality of strip-shaped metal layers on the transparent substrate, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel; or
所述第一光栅层内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上，所述第一光栅层包括形成在所述第二单光轴光学层一侧上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层间隔且平行设置。The first grating layer is embedded on a side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer includes a layer formed on the second single optical axis optical layer. A plurality of strip-shaped metal layers on one side of the layer, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
在其中一个实施例中，所述金属层的宽度为50nm-150nm，所述金属层的厚度为100nm-200nm，相邻两个所述金属层的间距为100nm-200nm。In one of the embodiments, the width of the metal layer is 50 nm to 150 nm, the thickness of the metal layer is 100 nm to 200 nm, and the distance between two adjacent metal layers is 100 nm to 200 nm.
一种光学膜层，包括：An optical film layer, comprising:
第一单光轴光学层，所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上形成有多个凹槽；A first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
第二单光轴光学层，包括板状部和贴合在所述板状部一侧上的多个与所述凹槽形状、尺寸相匹配的凸起结构，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率大于所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率；The second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove. The second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
第一光栅层，层叠在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；或内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；The first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer On one side of the optical layer of the optical axis;
其中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率为1.0-2.5；所述第一单光轴光学层的寻 常光折射率为1.0-2.5；Wherein, the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5; the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5;
所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率与所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率之差为0.01-2。The difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
一种显示装置，包括：A display device includes:
背光模组，用于提供入射光；Backlight module, used to provide incident light;
显示面板，置于所述背光模组上方，用于接收所述入射光并显示画面；A display panel, placed above the backlight module, for receiving the incident light and displaying images;
其中，所述显示面板包括：Wherein, the display panel includes:
如上所述的光学膜层；The optical film as described above;
设置在所述光学膜层远离所述第一单光轴光学层一侧上的第一基板；A first substrate disposed on a side of the optical film layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer;
与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板；A second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate;
设置在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间的显示层；A display layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate;
设置在所述显示层和所述第二基板之间的第二光栅层；A second grating layer arranged between the display layer and the second substrate;
设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间的光阻层，或者设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间的光阻层。A photoresist layer provided between the second grating layer and the second substrate, or a photoresist layer provided between the first substrate and the display layer.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层；以及A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer; and
设置在所述显示层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further includes:
设置在所述显示层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层；以及A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer; and
设置在所述光阻层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
在其中一个实施例中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：In one of the embodiments, the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further includes:
设置在所述光阻层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。The details of one or more embodiments of the application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features and advantages of this application will become apparent from the description, drawings and claims.
附图说明Description of the drawings
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为一实施方式的光学膜层的结构示意图；FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical film layer according to an embodiment;
图2为一实施方式的光学膜层的结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical film layer according to an embodiment;
图3为非与光前进方向垂直的交接面产生折射效应的示意图；Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the refraction effect on the interface that is not perpendicular to the direction of light travel;
图4为一实施方式的第二单光轴光学层的立体结构示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer according to an embodiment;
图5为对应图4的第二单光轴光学层的横截面结构示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer corresponding to FIG. 4;
图6为另一实施方式的第二单光轴光学层的立体结构示意图；6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer in another embodiment;
图7为对应图6的第二单光轴光学层的横截面结构示意图；FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a second single optical axis optical layer corresponding to FIG. 6;
图8为图2所示的光学膜层的第一光栅层的结构示意图；8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first grating layer of the optical film layer shown in FIG. 2;
图9为一实施方式的显示装置的结构示意图；FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an embodiment;
图10为图9所示的显示装置的背光模组的结构示意图；10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the backlight module of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
图11为图9所示的显示装置中一实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of an embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
图12为图9所示的显示装置中一实施例的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel of an embodiment of the display device shown in FIG. 9;
图13为对应图11另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
图14为对应图11另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
图15为对应图11另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 11;
图16为对应图12另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12;
图17为对应图12另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图；FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12;
图18为对应图12另一实施方式的显示面板的结构示意图。FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel corresponding to another embodiment of FIG. 12.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本申请的技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the application, and not to limit the application.
参见图1和图2，图1和图2为本实施例中的光学膜层的结构示意图。1 and 2, which are schematic diagrams of the structure of the optical film layer in this embodiment.
在本实施例中，光学膜层210包括第一单光轴光学层211、第二单光轴光学层212以及第一光栅层213。其中，第一光栅层层叠213在第二单光轴光学层远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上(参见图1)；或内嵌在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上(参见图2)。In this embodiment, the optical film layer 210 includes a first single optical axis optical layer 211, a second single optical axis optical layer 212 and a first grating layer 213. Wherein, the first grating layer stack 213 is on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211 (see FIG. 1); or is embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first On one side of the single optical axis optical layer 211 (see FIG. 2).
其中，第一单光轴光学层211一侧上形成有多个凹槽，第一单光轴光学层211具有光学各向异性，具备非常光折射率ne 1和寻常光折射率no 1。非寻常光折射率ne 1为第一单光轴光学层211当光线偏振方向与光轴平行的等效折射率；寻常光折射率no 1为第一单光轴光学层211当光线偏振方向与光轴垂直的等效折射率，当光通过第一单光轴光学层211会产生双折射现象。 Wherein, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer 211, and the first single optical axis optical layer 211 has optical anisotropy and has an extraordinary refractive index ne 1 and an ordinary refractive index no 1 . The extraordinary refractive index ne 1 is the equivalent refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis; the ordinary refractive index no 1 is the first single optical axis optical layer 211 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis With the equivalent refractive index perpendicular to the optical axis, birefringence occurs when light passes through the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
在一个实施例中，ne 1＞no 1，即第一单光轴光学层211为正型单光轴光学层。具体地，建立xyz坐标系，nx 1为第一单光轴光学层211在x方向的折射率，ny 1为第一单光轴光学层211在y方向的折射率，nz 1为第一单光轴光学层211在z方向的折射率，z方向为第一单光轴光学层211的膜厚的延伸方向(垂直于第一单光轴光学层211的入光面)，ne 1＝nx 1>no 1＝ny 1或者ne 1＝ny 1>no 1＝nx 1，no 1＝nz 1。在一个实施例中，第一单光轴光学层211的寻常光折射率no 1为1.0-2.5。在一个实施例中，第一单光轴光学层211的材料包括但不限于向列相液晶分子材料。 In one embodiment, ne 1 >no 1 , that is, the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is a positive single optical axis optical layer. Specifically, an xyz coordinate system is established, nx 1 is the refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the x direction, ny 1 is the refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the y direction, and nz 1 is the first single optical axis optical layer 211 in the y direction. The refractive index of the optical axis optical layer 211 in the z direction, the z direction is the extension direction of the film thickness of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 (perpendicular to the light incident surface of the first single optical axis optical layer 211), ne 1 =nx 1 >no 1 =ny 1 or ne 1 =ny 1 >no 1 =nx 1 , no 1 =nz 1 . In one embodiment, the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is 1.0-2.5. In one embodiment, the material of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 includes but is not limited to nematic liquid crystal molecular materials.
其中，第二单光轴光学层212具有光学各向异性，具备非常光折射率ne 2和寻常光折射率no 2。非寻常光折射率ne 2为第二单光轴光学层212当光线偏振方向与光轴平行的等效折射率；寻常光折射率no 2为第二单光轴光学层212当光线偏振方向与光轴垂直的等效折射率，当光通过第二单光轴光学层212会产生双折射现象。 Among them, the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 has optical anisotropy, and has an extraordinary refractive index ne 2 and an ordinary refractive index no 2 . The extraordinary refractive index ne 2 is the equivalent refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis; the ordinary refractive index no 2 is the second single optical axis optical layer 212 when the light polarization direction is parallel to the optical axis. With the equivalent refractive index perpendicular to the optical axis, when light passes through the second single optical axis optical layer 212, birefringence occurs.
在一个实施例中，ne 2>no 2，即第二单光轴光学层212为正型单光轴光学层。具体地，建立xyz坐标系，nx 2为第二单光轴光学层212在x方向的折射率，ny 2为第二单光轴光学层212在y方向的折射率，nz 2为第二单光轴光学层212在z方向的折射率，z方向为第二单光轴光学层212的膜厚的延伸方向(垂直于第二单光轴光学层212的出光面)，ne 2＝nx 2>no 2＝ny 2或者ne 2＝ny 2>no 2＝nx 2，no 2＝nz 2。在一个实施例中，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2为1.0-2.5。在一个实施例中，第二单光轴光学层212的材料包括但不限于向列相液晶分子材料。 In one embodiment, ne 2 >no 2 , that is, the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a positive single optical axis optical layer. Specifically, an xyz coordinate system is established, nx 2 is the refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 in the x direction, ny 2 is the refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 in the y direction, and nz 2 is the second single optical axis The refractive index of the optical axis optical layer 212 in the z direction, the z direction is the extension direction of the film thickness of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 (perpendicular to the light exit surface of the second single optical axis optical layer 212), ne 2 =nx 2 >no 2 =ny 2 or ne 2 =ny 2 >no 2 =nx 2 , no 2 =nz 2 . In one embodiment, the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 1.0-2.5. In one embodiment, the material of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 includes but is not limited to nematic liquid crystal molecular materials.
具体地，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2大于第一单光轴光学层211的寻常光折射率no 1。具体地，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2与第一单光轴光学层211的寻常光折射率no 1之差为0.01-2。当ne 2和no 1之差越大，越容易将正视光能量分配到大视角。更具体地，第二单光轴光学层212中的光轴方向与第一单光轴光学层211中的光轴方向垂直。在一个实施例中，第二单光轴光学层212的寻常光折射率no 2为0/180 degree方向的折射率，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2为90/270 degree方向的折射率。在一个实施例中，第二单光轴光学层212的寻常光折射率no 2为90/270 degree方向的折射率，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2为0/180 degree方向的折射率。其中，0/180 degree方向和90/270 degree方向构成的面平行于第一单光轴光学层211的入光面。 Specifically, the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is greater than the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211. Specifically, the difference between the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 and the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is 0.01-2. When the difference between ne 2 and no 1 is greater, the easier it is to distribute the front-view light energy to a large viewing angle. More specifically, the optical axis direction in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is perpendicular to the optical axis direction in the first single optical axis optical layer 211. In one embodiment, the ordinary refractive index no 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a refractive index in the 0/180 degree direction, and the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 90/270 The refractive index in degree direction. In one embodiment, the ordinary refractive index no 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is a refractive index in the direction of 90/270 degrees, and the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is 0/180. The refractive index in degree direction. Wherein, the surface formed by the 0/180 degree direction and the 90/270 degree direction is parallel to the light incident surface of the first single optical axis optical layer 211.
在本实施例中，第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上形成有多个凹槽，第二单光轴光学层212包括板状部2121和贴合在板状部2121一侧上的多个与凹槽形状、尺寸相匹配的凸起结构2122。由于第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率ne 2大于第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率no 1，因此凸起结构2122的入光面形成非与光前进方向垂直的交接面，该非与光前进方向垂直的交接面产生折射效应(参见图3)，让光行进产生角度变化。具体地，凸起结构呈周期性排列，即由凸起结构构建的折射部呈周期性排列。 In this embodiment, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer 211, and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 includes a plate-shaped portion 2121 and a plate attached to one side of the plate-shaped portion 2121. A plurality of protruding structures 2122 matching the shape and size of the groove. Since the extraordinary refractive index ne 2 of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is greater than the ordinary refractive index no 1 of the first single optical axis optical layer, the light incident surface of the convex structure 2122 forms a junction that is not perpendicular to the light advancing direction The interface surface, which is not perpendicular to the direction of light travel, produces a refraction effect (see Figure 3), allowing the light to travel to produce angular changes. Specifically, the convex structures are arranged periodically, that is, the refraction portions constructed by the convex structures are arranged periodically.
在一个实施例中，参见图4，凸起结构2122为三棱柱结构，三棱柱结构具有多个侧面，且三棱柱结构的一侧面贴合板状部2121延伸，多个凸起结构2122的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个凸起结构2122间隔设置。具体地，请一并参见图5，贴合板状部2121的侧面的宽度为Lx 1，相邻的两个凸起结构2122贴合板状部2121的侧面的中心之间的距离为Px 1，Px 1≥Lx 1，当Px 1＝Lx 1时，相邻的两个凸起结构贴合设置。凸起结构2122的厚度为d 1，第二单光轴光学层212的厚度为D 1，d 1不为0，且D 1≥d 1。 In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 4, the protruding structure 2122 is a triangular prism structure, the triangular prism structure has multiple sides, and one side of the triangular prism structure extends in contact with the plate-shaped portion 2121, and the extending direction of the multiple protruding structures 2122 In parallel, two adjacent raised structures 2122 are arranged at intervals. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 5 together, the width of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Lx 1 , and the distance between the centers of the two adjacent protrusion structures 2122 of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Px 1 , Px 1 ≥ Lx 1 , when Px 1 =Lx 1 , two adjacent convex structures are arranged in close contact. The thickness of the convex structure 2122 is d 1 , the thickness of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 is D 1 , d 1 is not 0, and D 1 ≥ d 1 .
在一个实施例中，参见图6，凸起结构2122为三棱锥结构，多个凸起结构2122呈二维矩阵阵列排布，相邻的两个凸起结构2122间隔设置，以更有效的将正视角光能量分配到二维方向，使得全视角观赏更加匀。具体地，请一并参见图7，在x方向上，贴合板状部2121的侧面的宽度为Lx 2，相邻的两个凸起结构2122贴合板状部2121的侧面的中心之间的距离为Px 2，Px 2≥Lx 2，当Px 2＝Lx 2时，相邻的两个凸起结构在x方向上贴合设置。在y方向上，贴合板状部2121的侧面的宽度为Ly 2，相邻的两个凸起结构2122贴合板状部2121的侧面的中心之间的距离为Py 2，Py 2≥Ly 2，当Py 2＝Ly 2时，相邻的两个凸起结构在y方向上贴合设置。凸起结构2122的厚度为d 2，第二单光轴光学层212的厚度为D 2，d 2不为0，且D 2≥d 2。 In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 6, the protruding structure 2122 is a triangular pyramid structure, and the plurality of protruding structures 2122 are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array, and two adjacent protruding structures 2122 are arranged at intervals to more effectively combine The front-view light energy is distributed to the two-dimensional direction, making the full-view viewing more uniform. Specifically, please refer to FIG. 7 together. In the x direction, the width of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Lx 2 , and the distance between the centers of the two adjacent convex structures 2122 of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 Px 2 , Px 2 ≥Lx 2 , when Px 2 =Lx 2 , two adjacent convex structures are arranged in the x direction. In the y direction, the width of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Ly 2 , the distance between the centers of the two adjacent raised structures 2122 of the side surface of the plate-shaped portion 2121 is Py 2 , Py 2 ≥ Ly 2 , When Py 2 =Ly 2 , two adjacent raised structures are arranged in close contact with each other in the y direction. The thickness of the convex structure 2122 is d 2 , the thickness of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212 is D 2 , d 2 is not 0, and D 2 ≥d 2 .
在本实施例中，第一光栅层213层叠在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上；或内嵌在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上。第一光栅层213能够将自然光变成偏振光。其中，第一光栅层213的厚度一般小于20μm。In this embodiment, the first grating layer 213 is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211. On one side of the single optical axis optical layer 211. The first grating layer 213 can convert natural light into polarized light. The thickness of the first grating layer 213 is generally less than 20 μm.
具体地，当第一光栅层213层叠在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上时，参见图8，第一光栅层包括透明基板2131和形成在透明基板2131上的多个条形的金属层2132，多个金属层2132间隔且平行设置。透明基板2131包括但不限于玻璃基板、硅胶基板、二氧化硅基板、氮化硅基板、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基板及聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯基板中的一种。金属层2132包括但不限于金、铝及铜。金属层2132形成在透明基板2131上，多个金属层2132沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个金属层2132的延伸方向相互平行，而形成光栅。可选的，金属层2132的宽度为50nm-150nm；金属层2132的厚度为100nm-200nm；相邻的两个金属层2132的间距为100nm-200nm。Specifically, when the first grating layer 213 is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, referring to FIG. 8, the first grating layer includes a transparent substrate 2131 and is formed on a transparent substrate 2131. The plurality of strip-shaped metal layers 2132 on the substrate 2131 are spaced apart and arranged in parallel. The transparent substrate 2131 includes but is not limited to one of a glass substrate, a silica gel substrate, a silicon dioxide substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The metal layer 2132 includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum and copper. The metal layer 2132 is formed on the transparent substrate 2131. The metal layers 2132 are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extending directions of the metal layers 2132 are parallel to each other to form a grating. Optionally, the width of the metal layer 2132 is 50 nm-150 nm; the thickness of the metal layer 2132 is 100 nm-200 nm; and the distance between two adjacent metal layers 2132 is 100 nm-200 nm.
具体地，当第一光栅层213内嵌在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211 的一侧上时，第一光栅层包括形成在第二单光轴光学层212一侧上的多个条形的金属层，多个金属层间隔且平行设置。金属层包括但不限于金、铝及铜。金属层形成在第二单光轴光学层212一侧上，多个金属层沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个金属层的延伸方向相互平行，而形成光栅。可选的，金属层的宽度为50nm-150nm；金属层2132的厚度为100nm-200nm；相邻的两个金属层2132的间距为100nm-200nm。Specifically, when the first grating layer 213 is embedded on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, the first grating layer includes a layer formed on the second single optical axis optical layer 212. There are multiple strip-shaped metal layers on one side, and the multiple metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel. The metal layer includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum, and copper. The metal layer is formed on one side of the second single-optical axis optical layer 212, and the multiple metal layers are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extension directions of the multiple metal layers are parallel to each other to form a grating. Optionally, the width of the metal layer is 50nm-150nm; the thickness of the metal layer 2132 is 100nm-200nm; the distance between two adjacent metal layers 2132 is 100nm-200nm.
在本实施例中，第一光栅层213分为振动方向与金属层的延伸方向垂直的电磁波及振动方向与金属层的延伸方向平行的电磁波，第一光栅层213会吸收或者反射电磁波振动分量与金属层延伸方向平行的电磁波分量，只有电磁波振动分量与金属层延伸方向垂直的电磁波分量穿透，获得与偏光板相同的作用，仅通过垂直于偏光板拉伸方向的偏振光。In this embodiment, the first grating layer 213 is divided into electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the metal layer and electromagnetic waves whose vibration direction is parallel to the extension direction of the metal layer. The first grating layer 213 absorbs or reflects electromagnetic wave vibration components and The electromagnetic wave component parallel to the extension direction of the metal layer only penetrates the electromagnetic wave component perpendicular to the extension direction of the metal layer, and obtains the same effect as the polarizer, passing only the polarized light perpendicular to the extension direction of the polarizer.
具体地，光由水平偏振(电场振动方向0/180 degree方向)及垂直偏振(电场振动方向90/270 degree方向)构成，第一光栅层213对于偏振光具备吸收跟穿透的作用。Specifically, the light is composed of horizontal polarization (0/180 degree direction of electric field vibration) and vertical polarization (90/270 degree direction of electric field vibration), and the first grating layer 213 has the function of absorbing and penetrating polarized light.
当第一光栅层213的金属层的排布方向平行于0/180 degree方向时，第一光栅层213的金属层的延伸方向平行于90/270 degree方向。预计水平偏振光可以通过第一光栅层213，该水平偏振光通过第一单光轴光学层211的等效折射率为no 1，该水平偏振光通过第二单光轴光学层212的等效折射率为ne 2，由于ne 2＞no 1，第一单光轴光学层211和第二单光轴光学层212的交接面看到的是水平偏振光由光疏介质射向光密介质而产生折射的作用，使正视角光型能量分配大视角的光学现象。 When the arrangement direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 0/180 degree direction, the extending direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 90/270 degree direction. It is expected that the horizontally polarized light can pass through the first grating layer 213, the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the first single-axis optical layer 211 is no 1 , and the equivalent refractive index of the horizontally polarized light passing through the second single-axis optical layer 212 The refractive index is ne 2 , since ne 2 > no 1 , the interface between the first single optical axis optical layer 211 and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 sees that horizontally polarized light is emitted from the optically thinner medium to the optically denser medium. It is an optical phenomenon that produces refraction and distributes the energy of the positive viewing angle light type with a large viewing angle.
当第一光栅层213的金属层的排布方向平行于90/270 degree方向时，第一光栅层213的金属层的延伸方向平行于0/180 degree方向。预计垂直偏振光可以通过第一光栅层213，该垂直偏振光通过第一单光轴光学层211的等效折射率为no 1，该垂直偏振光通过第二单光轴光学层212的等效折射率为ne 2，由于ne 2＞no 1，第一单光轴光学层211和第二单光轴光学层212的交接面看到的是垂直偏振光由光疏介质射向光密介质而产生折射的作用，使正视角光型能量分配大视角的光学现象。 When the arrangement direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 90/270 degree direction, the extending direction of the metal layers of the first grating layer 213 is parallel to the 0/180 degree direction. It is expected that vertically polarized light can pass through the first grating layer 213, the equivalent refractive index of the vertically polarized light passing through the first single optical axis optical layer 211 is no 1 , and the equivalent of the vertically polarized light passing through the second single optical axis optical layer 212 The refractive index is ne 2 , since ne 2 >no 1 , the interface between the first single optical axis optical layer 211 and the second single optical axis optical layer 212 sees that vertically polarized light is emitted from the optically thinner medium to the optically denser medium. It is an optical phenomenon that produces refraction and distributes the energy of the positive viewing angle light type with a large viewing angle.
本实施例提供的光学膜层，包括第一单光轴光学层211、第二单光轴光学层212及第一光栅层213，第二单光轴光学层212的非常光折射率大于第一单光轴光学层211的寻常光折射率，光从凹槽和凸起结构的交接面通过时将产生折射作用，以使正视角光型能量分配大视角，改善视角色偏；第一光栅层213层叠在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴 光学层211的一侧上，或内嵌在第二单光轴光学层212远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上，能够使自然光变成偏振光，而替代厚度较厚的偏光板。由此，上述光学膜层能够将正视角光型能量分配大视角，改善视角色偏，而且还能够将自然光变成偏振光，以取代偏光板。The optical film layer provided by this embodiment includes a first single optical axis optical layer 211, a second single optical axis optical layer 212, and a first grating layer 213. The extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 is greater than that of the first The ordinary refractive index of the single-optical axis optical layer 211 will produce refraction when the light passes through the junction surface of the groove and the convex structure, so that the normal viewing angle light type energy can be distributed with a large viewing angle, and the viewing angle deviation is improved; the first grating layer 213 is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, or embedded on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer 212 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211 , Can make natural light into polarized light, instead of thicker polarizer. Therefore, the above-mentioned optical film layer can distribute the positive viewing angle light type energy to a large viewing angle, improve the viewing angle deviation, and can also convert natural light into polarized light to replace the polarizer.
参见图9，图9为本实施例中的显示装置的结构示意图。Refer to FIG. 9, which is a schematic structural diagram of the display device in this embodiment.
在本实施例中，显示装置10包括背光模组100和显示面板200。其中，背光模组100提供准直出光背光光源(collimate light emitting BL)，以使光的能量集中在正视角输出。In this embodiment, the display device 10 includes a backlight module 100 and a display panel 200. Among them, the backlight module 100 provides a collimated light emitting backlight source (collimate light emitting BL), so that the energy of the light is concentrated in the positive viewing angle for output.
在本实施例中，参见图10，背光模组100具有指向性高的背光光型输出，包括反射片110、导光板120、棱镜膜130及LED光源140，反射片110与导光板120、棱镜膜130依次层叠，导光板120具有入光面121，LED光源140与入光面121相对设置，导光板120靠近反射片110的一侧开设有条形的第一凹槽122，第一凹槽122的截面呈V形，第一凹槽122的延伸方向与LED光源140的出光方向垂直，导光板120靠近棱镜膜130的一侧开设有条形的第二凹槽123，第二凹槽123的截面呈V形，第二凹槽123的延伸方向与LED光源140的出光方向平行。可选的，棱镜膜130的棱镜一侧层叠在导光板120上。In this embodiment, referring to FIG. 10, the backlight module 100 has a highly directional backlight light output, including a reflective sheet 110, a light guide plate 120, a prism film 130, and an LED light source 140, the reflective sheet 110 and the light guide plate 120, and a prism The films 130 are stacked in sequence, the light guide plate 120 has a light incident surface 121, the LED light source 140 is arranged opposite to the light incident surface 121, and the light guide plate 120 is provided with a strip-shaped first groove 122 on the side close to the reflective sheet 110. The cross section of 122 is V-shaped, the extending direction of the first groove 122 is perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140, the light guide plate 120 is provided with a strip-shaped second groove 123 on the side close to the prism film 130, and the second groove 123 The cross section of the second groove 123 is V-shaped, and the extending direction of the second groove 123 is parallel to the light emitting direction of the LED light source 140. Optionally, the prism side of the prism film 130 is laminated on the light guide plate 120.
在本实施例中，参见图11和图12，图11和图12为本实施例中的显示面板的结构示意图。In this embodiment, referring to FIGS. 11 and 12, FIGS. 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the display panel in this embodiment.
本实施例中，显示面板200包括光学膜层210、第一基板220、显示层230、第二光栅层240、光阻层250以及第二基板260。In this embodiment, the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, a photoresist layer 250, and a second substrate 260.
具体地，第一基板220设置在光学膜层210远离第一单光轴光学层211的一侧上；第二基板260与第一基板220相对设置；显示层230设置在第一基板220与第二基板260之间的；第二光栅层240设置在显示层230和第二基板260之间；光阻层250设置在第二光栅层240和第二基板260之间，或者设置在第一基板220和显示层230之间。Specifically, the first substrate 220 is disposed on the side of the optical film layer 210 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211; the second substrate 260 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 220; the display layer 230 is disposed on the first substrate 220 and the second substrate 220. Between the two substrates 260; the second grating layer 240 is disposed between the display layer 230 and the second substrate 260; the photoresist layer 250 is disposed between the second grating layer 240 and the second substrate 260, or is disposed on the first substrate Between 220 and the display layer 230.
即，在一实施例中，参见图11，显示面板200包括依次叠层设置的光学膜层210、第一基板220、显示层230、第二光栅层240、光阻层250以及第二基板260；在另一个实施例中，参见图12，显示面板200包括依次叠层设置的光学膜层210、第一基板220、光阻层250、显示层230、第二光栅层240以及第二基板260。That is, in one embodiment, referring to FIG. 11, the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, a photoresist layer 250, and a second substrate 260 which are sequentially stacked. In another embodiment, referring to FIG. 12, the display panel 200 includes an optical film layer 210, a first substrate 220, a photoresist layer 250, a display layer 230, a second grating layer 240, and a second substrate 260 that are sequentially stacked. .
本实施例中，光学膜层210参见上一实施例的相关描述，在此不再赘述。光学膜层 210能够将正视角光型能量分配大视角，改善视角色偏，而且还能够将自然光变成偏振光，以取代偏光板，薄化显示面板的厚度。In this embodiment, the optical film layer 210 refers to the related description of the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here. The optical film layer 210 can distribute the front-view light-type energy to a large viewing angle, improve the viewing angle deviation, and can also convert natural light into polarized light to replace the polarizing plate and thin the thickness of the display panel.
本实施例中，第一基板220设置在光学膜层210远离第一单光轴光学层211一侧上，第二基板260与第一基板220相对设置，第一基板220和第二基板260的材料不做限制，具体可以选用玻璃基板。显示层230包括液晶材料层和设置在液晶材料层上下表面上的电极层，其中，电极层的材料可选为氧化铟锡。In this embodiment, the first substrate 220 is disposed on the side of the optical film layer 210 away from the first single optical axis optical layer 211, the second substrate 260 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 220, and the first substrate 220 and the second substrate 260 are The material is not limited, and the glass substrate can be used specifically. The display layer 230 includes a liquid crystal material layer and electrode layers disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal material layer, wherein the material of the electrode layer may be indium tin oxide.
本实施例中，第二光栅层240包括透明基板和形成在透明基板上的多个条形的金属层，多个金属层间隔且平行设置。透明基板包括但不限于玻璃基板、硅胶基板、二氧化硅基板、氮化硅基板、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基板及聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯基板中的一种。金属层包括但不限于金、铝及铜。金属层形成在透明基板上，多个金属层沿一直线间隔并均匀排布，且多个金属层的延伸方向相互平行，而形成光栅。可选的，金属层的宽度为50nm-150nm；金属层的厚度为100nm-200nm；相邻的两个金属层的间距为100nm-200nm。可选的，第二光栅层240与光学膜层210的第一光栅层213相对设置，即第二光栅层240的多个金属层与第一光栅层213的多个金属层相对应。第二光栅层240与第一光栅层213的结构和功能相似，对于偏振光具备吸收跟穿透的作用。In this embodiment, the second grating layer 240 includes a transparent substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped metal layers formed on the transparent substrate, and the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel. The transparent substrate includes but is not limited to one of a glass substrate, a silica gel substrate, a silicon dioxide substrate, a silicon nitride substrate, a polymethyl methacrylate substrate, and a polyethylene terephthalate substrate. The metal layer includes but is not limited to gold, aluminum, and copper. The metal layer is formed on the transparent substrate, and the multiple metal layers are spaced and evenly arranged along a straight line, and the extension directions of the multiple metal layers are parallel to each other to form a grating. Optionally, the width of the metal layer is 50 nm-150 nm; the thickness of the metal layer is 100 nm-200 nm; and the distance between two adjacent metal layers is 100 nm-200 nm. Optionally, the second grating layer 240 is disposed opposite to the first grating layer 213 of the optical film layer 210, that is, the multiple metal layers of the second grating layer 240 correspond to the multiple metal layers of the first grating layer 213. The second grating layer 240 has a structure and function similar to that of the first grating layer 213, and has the functions of absorbing and penetrating polarized light.
本实施例中，光阻层250用于为显示面板提供色相，使显示面板形成彩色的显示画面。光阻层250可以设置在第二光栅层240和第二基板260之间，或者也可以设置在第一基板220和显示层230之间。In this embodiment, the photoresist layer 250 is used to provide hue to the display panel, so that the display panel forms a colorful display image. The photoresist layer 250 may be disposed between the second grating layer 240 and the second substrate 260, or may also be disposed between the first substrate 220 and the display layer 230.
请一并参见图13-图15(图中网格层为补偿膜层)，在一个实施例中，当光阻层250设置在第二光栅层240和第二基板260之间时，显示面板还可以包括：设置在显示层230和第二光栅层240之间的补偿膜层；和/或设置在显示层230和第一基板220之间的补偿膜层。Please refer to FIGS. 13-15 (the grid layer in the figure is a compensation film layer). In one embodiment, when the photoresist layer 250 is disposed between the second grating layer 240 and the second substrate 260, the display panel It may further include: a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the second grating layer 240; and/or a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the first substrate 220.
请一并参见图16-图18(图中网格层为补偿膜层)，在一个实施例中，当光阻层250设置在第一基板220和显示层230之间时，显示面板还可以包括：设置在显示层230和第二光栅层240之间的补偿膜层；和/或设置在光阻层250和第一基板220之间的补偿膜层。Please refer to FIGS. 16-18 (the grid layer in the figure is a compensation film layer). In one embodiment, when the photoresist layer 250 is disposed between the first substrate 220 and the display layer 230, the display panel can also It includes: a compensation film layer disposed between the display layer 230 and the second grating layer 240; and/or a compensation film layer disposed between the photoresist layer 250 and the first substrate 220.
需要说明的是，显示面板200不限于上述层叠结构，不同层可以根据不同需求增加特殊功能的材料，例如，在单功能膜层中增加其他功能材料，而得到多功能膜层。另外，显 示面板200中各个膜层的层叠顺序可以根据所需要的功能进行改变，同时，还可以根据需要加入其他功能膜层等等。It should be noted that the display panel 200 is not limited to the above-mentioned laminated structure, and different layers can be added with materials with special functions according to different requirements. For example, other functional materials are added to a single-function film layer to obtain a multi-functional film layer. In addition, the stacking order of the various film layers in the display panel 200 can be changed according to the required functions, and at the same time, other functional film layers and the like can be added as required.
本实施例提供的显示装置10，包括指向性高的背光光型输出的背光模组100，以及具有大视角且色偏得到改善、薄型化的显示面板200。其中，显示面板200一方面通过光学膜层210的设置，能将正视角的光型能量分配到大视角，解决显示面板200的大视角色偏问题，从而不需要将各子像素划分为主像素及次像素结构，避免了再设计金属走线或薄膜晶体管元件来驱动次像素以及可透光开口区牺牲，从而具有高的面板透率，增加了出光能量，可以达到节能的效益，同时维持了显示面板200的显示解析度和驱动频率；另一方面，第一光栅层213和第二光栅层240均能够使自然光变成偏振光，而替代厚度较厚的偏光板，而使显示面板200的厚度较薄，从而显示装置10体积轻薄、显示色偏率低且具有高的显示效率，能够提高用户的体验度。The display device 10 provided by this embodiment includes a backlight module 100 with a high directivity backlight output, and a thin display panel 200 with a large viewing angle and improved color shift. Among them, on the one hand, the display panel 200 can distribute the light-type energy of the front viewing angle to a large viewing angle through the arrangement of the optical film layer 210, and solve the problem of the large viewing angle of the display panel 200, thereby eliminating the need to divide each sub-pixel into a main pixel. And the sub-pixel structure, avoiding the need to redesign metal traces or thin film transistor components to drive the sub-pixels and the sacrifice of the transparent opening area, thereby having a high panel transmittance, increasing the light energy, and achieving energy saving benefits while maintaining The display resolution and driving frequency of the display panel 200; on the other hand, both the first grating layer 213 and the second grating layer 240 can turn natural light into polarized light, instead of a thicker polarizer, and make the display panel 200 The thickness is relatively thin, so that the display device 10 has a light and thin volume, a low display color shift rate and a high display efficiency, which can improve the user experience.
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, All should be considered as the scope of this specification.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, and the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be understood as a limitation to the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of this application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of this application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (18)

  1. 一种光学膜层，包括：An optical film layer, comprising:
    第一单光轴光学层，所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上形成有多个凹槽；A first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
    第二单光轴光学层，包括板状部和贴合在所述板状部一侧上的多个与所述凹槽形状、尺寸相匹配的凸起结构，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率大于所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率；The second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove. The second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
    第一光栅层，层叠在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；或内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上。The first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer Optical axis on one side of the optical layer.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率为1.0-2.5。The optical film layer of claim 1, wherein the extraordinary refractive index of the second single-optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率为1.0-2.5。4. The optical film layer of claim 1, wherein the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率与所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率之差为0.01-2。3. The optical film layer of claim 1, wherein the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述凸起结构为三棱柱结构，且三棱柱结构的一侧面贴合所述板状部延伸，多个所述凸起结构的延伸方向平行，相邻的两个凸起结构间隔设置。The optical film layer according to claim 1, wherein the convex structure is a triangular prism structure, and one side of the triangular prism structure is attached to the plate-shaped portion to extend, and the extension directions of a plurality of the convex structures are parallel , Two adjacent raised structures are arranged at intervals.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述凸起结构为三棱锥结构，多个所述凸起结构呈二维矩阵阵列排布，相邻的两个凸起结构间隔设置。The optical film layer according to claim 1, wherein the convex structure is a triangular pyramid structure, a plurality of the convex structures are arranged in a two-dimensional matrix array, and two adjacent convex structures are arranged at intervals.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第二单光轴光学层的材料包括向列相液晶分子材料。8. The optical film layer of claim 1, wherein the material of the second single optical axis optical layer comprises a nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第一单光轴光学层的材料包括向列相液晶分子材料。4. The optical film layer of claim 1, wherein the material of the first single optical axis optical layer comprises a nematic liquid crystal molecular material.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学膜层，其中，所述第一光栅层层叠在第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上，所述第一光栅层包括透明基板和形成在所述透明基板上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层间隔且平行设置；或者The optical film layer according to claim 1, wherein the first grating layer is laminated on a side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer comprises A transparent substrate and a plurality of strip-shaped metal layers formed on the transparent substrate, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel; or
    所述第一光栅层内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上， 所述第一光栅层包括形成在所述第二单光轴光学层一侧上的多个条形的金属层，多个所述金属层间隔且平行设置。The first grating layer is embedded on a side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer, and the first grating layer includes a layer formed on the second single optical axis optical layer. A plurality of strip-shaped metal layers on one side of the layer, the plurality of metal layers are spaced apart and arranged in parallel.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光学复合膜层，其中，所述金属层的宽度为50nm-150nm，所述金属层的厚度为100nm-200nm，相邻两个所述金属层的间距为100nm-200nm。The optical composite film layer according to claim 9, wherein the width of the metal layer is 50nm-150nm, the thickness of the metal layer is 100nm-200nm, and the distance between two adjacent metal layers is 100nm-200nm .
  11. 一种光学膜层，包括：An optical film layer, comprising:
    第一单光轴光学层，所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上形成有多个凹槽；A first single optical axis optical layer, a plurality of grooves are formed on one side of the first single optical axis optical layer;
    第二单光轴光学层，包括板状部和贴合在所述板状部一侧上的多个与所述凹槽形状、尺寸相匹配的凸起结构，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率大于所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率；The second single-optical axis optical layer includes a plate-shaped part and a plurality of convex structures that are attached to one side of the plate-shaped part and matched with the shape and size of the groove. The second single-optical axis optical layer The extraordinary refractive index of the layer is greater than the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer;
    第一光栅层，层叠在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；或内嵌在所述第二单光轴光学层远离所述第一单光轴光学层的一侧上；The first grating layer is laminated on the side of the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer; or embedded in the second single optical axis optical layer away from the first single optical layer On one side of the optical layer of the optical axis;
    其中，所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率为1.0-2.5；所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率为1.0-2.5；Wherein, the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5; the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 1.0-2.5;
    所述第二单光轴光学层的非常光折射率与所述第一单光轴光学层的寻常光折射率之差为0.01-2。The difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the second single optical axis optical layer and the ordinary refractive index of the first single optical axis optical layer is 0.01-2.
  12. 一种显示装置，包括：A display device includes:
    背光模组，用于提供入射光；Backlight module, used to provide incident light;
    显示面板，置于所述背光模组上方，用于接收所述入射光并显示画面；A display panel, placed above the backlight module, for receiving the incident light and displaying images;
    其中，所述显示面板包括：Wherein, the display panel includes:
    如权利要求1所述的光学膜层；The optical film layer of claim 1;
    设置在所述光学膜层远离所述第一单光轴光学层一侧上的第一基板；A first substrate disposed on a side of the optical film layer away from the first single optical axis optical layer;
    与所述第一基板相对设置的第二基板；A second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate;
    设置在所述第一基板与所述第二基板之间的显示层；A display layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate;
    设置在所述显示层和所述第二基板之间的第二光栅层；A second grating layer arranged between the display layer and the second substrate;
    设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间的光阻层，或者设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间的光阻层。A photoresist layer provided between the second grating layer and the second substrate, or a photoresist layer provided between the first substrate and the display layer.
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和 所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层；以及A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer; and
    设置在所述显示层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第二光栅层和所述第二基板之间，所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the second grating layer and the second substrate, and the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述显示层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the first substrate.
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层；以及A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer; and
    设置在所述光阻层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述显示层和所述第二光栅层之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the display layer and the second grating layer.
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中，所述光阻层设置在所述第一基板和所述显示层之间；所述显示面板还包括：The display device according to claim 12, wherein the photoresist layer is disposed between the first substrate and the display layer; the display panel further comprises:
    设置在所述光阻层和所述第一基板之间的补偿膜层。A compensation film layer arranged between the photoresist layer and the first substrate.
PCT/CN2019/076528 2019-01-30 2019-02-28 Optical film layer and display device WO2020155274A1 (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109143448A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-04 惠科股份有限公司 Structure of polarized light, display panel and display device
CN109239968A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-18 惠科股份有限公司 Optical compound film layer, display panel and display device

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109188591A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-11 惠科股份有限公司 Polaroid and display device

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109143448A (en) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-04 惠科股份有限公司 Structure of polarized light, display panel and display device
CN109239968A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-18 惠科股份有限公司 Optical compound film layer, display panel and display device

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