WO2020148639A1 - Procédé de fabrication de couche de protection d'article vestimentaire - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de couche de protection d'article vestimentaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020148639A1
WO2020148639A1 PCT/IB2020/050249 IB2020050249W WO2020148639A1 WO 2020148639 A1 WO2020148639 A1 WO 2020148639A1 IB 2020050249 W IB2020050249 W IB 2020050249W WO 2020148639 A1 WO2020148639 A1 WO 2020148639A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layers
bar
protective layer
determined
stack
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2020/050249
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Naresh Chandra Sharma
Basavaraj ANGADI
Original Assignee
Tata Advanced Materials Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tata Advanced Materials Limited filed Critical Tata Advanced Materials Limited
Publication of WO2020148639A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020148639A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/026—Composites, e.g. carbon fibre or aramid fibre; the sole, one or more sole layers or sole part being made of a composite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/32—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with shock-absorbing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/20—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
    • B29C43/203—Making multilayered articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0054—Producing footwear by compression moulding, vulcanising or the like; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/12—Producing parts thereof, e.g. soles, heels, uppers, by a moulding technique
    • B29D35/14—Multilayered parts
    • B29D35/142—Soles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/58—Cuttability
    • B32B2307/581—Resistant to cut
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2437/00—Clothing
    • B32B2437/02—Gloves, shoes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2571/00—Protective equipment
    • B32B2571/02—Protective equipment defensive, e.g. armour plates, anti-ballistic clothing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to wearable articles. Particularly but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to a protective layer for a wearable article such as shoe and vests. Further embodiments of the present disclosure disclose the method of manufacturing the protective layer for the wearable articles which is resistant to puncture or intrusion from spikes and sharp objects.
  • the sites are often full of sharp objects such as protruding nails which may be harmful to unwary workers.
  • the workers step on the upturned nails or the like, it may easily penetrate the worker's boot and foot causing considerable pain and injury.
  • Such a puncture wound can hobble a worker for weeks and requires particular medical attention to avoid tetanus or other anaerobic bacterial infections.
  • other such scenarios can be often seen in the rescue operations or anti terrorist or any such operation which involve immobilizing the criminal activities.
  • the armed troops may be prone to traps laid by convicts. Such traps include spikes or sharp components grouted to the ground by convicts to injure or immobilize the armed troops.
  • protective wearable articles may be of prime importance.
  • the protective wearable articles may be shoes, vests, gloves and the like.
  • the conventional wearable articles for protecting the user from such unexpected hazards do not intend to serve the purpose completely. Most of the conventional wearable articles cause discomfort to the user. Also, such articles may be heavier when a protective layer is included in the wearable article.
  • One such example of the wearable article may be a shoe and the same is considered and explained below for easy understanding.
  • a shoe is type of footwear generally designed to cover entire foot of a user. Shoes come in various forms, but primarily shoes are intended to protect and impart comfort to the foot of the user while the user is engaged in various activities. The design of shoes have evolved enormously with time. Shoes are generally made of leather, wood or canvas. In recent times, shoes are increasingly made from rubber, plastics and other petrochemical derived materials.
  • the basic anatomy of the shoe is recognizable regardless of the specific design of the footwear. All shoes have a sole, which is the bottom of the shoe. The sole portion of the shoe comes in contact with the ground and is generally made of natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride etc. Further, the sole can be divided into an insole, a midsole and an outsole.
  • the insole of the shoe is that part of the shoe which comes in contact with the foot of the user.
  • the outsole is that portion of the shoe which comes in contact with the ground.
  • the midsole is that portion of the shoe in between the insole and outsole typically provided for shock absorption. Shoes may be used for many purposes such as walking, running, recreational activities and the like. The main aim of wearing the shoe is to provide safety for the user’s feet, this happens primarily through the outsole of any shoe.
  • the outsole of the shoe is the one which is prone or susceptible to wear and tear. During entire lifespan of the shoe, several factors such as frictional wear, debris impact, water damage etc., impact the life of the outsole. Even though the outsole manufactured conventionally does provide some sort of protection from the above mentioned factors, the outsole fails in resisting puncture or intrusion from spikes and sharp objects. Such sharp objects may easily puncture or pierce through the outsole and may penetrate the user’ s feet, thereby immobilizing them or cause severe injuries. To overcome this, conventional shoes with a metal layer may be provided as a midsole to the shoe to resist such sharp objects from penetrating or piercing into the feet of the user.
  • the present disclosure is directed to overcome one or more limitations stated above or similar limitations associated with the conventional wearable articles.
  • a method of manufacturing a protective layer of a wearable includes subjecting a stack of layers made of composite material to a compressive load ranging from about 5 bar to about 20 bar at room temperature for a pre-set period of time.
  • the method further includes heating the stack of layers to a first pre-determined temperature range at a predetermined heating rate and gradually increasing the compressive load on the stack of layers to a load ranging from about 150 bar to about 200 bar for a first pre-set time period.
  • the temperature of the stack of layers is increased to a second pre-determined temperature range at a pre-determined heating rate at a constant load range of about 150 bar to about 200 bar for a second pre-set time period.
  • the method includes cooling of the stack of layers to a temperature range of about 60°C to room temperature at a predetermined cooling rate and gradually decreasing the load on the stack of layers to zero bar.
  • the protective layer processed by the method exhibit an improved penetration resistance.
  • the method includes stacking of a plurality of layers of composite material one above the other to a pre-determined thickness to obtain the stack of layers of composite material.
  • the composite materials is at least one of aramid and polyethylene.
  • the thickness of each of the plurality of layers of composite materials ranges from 0.24mm to 0.26mm.
  • the plurality of layers of composite material are stacked using an adhesive.
  • the first predetermined temperature ranges from about 70 °C to 90 °C.
  • the second pre-determined temperature ranges from about 120 °C to about 135 °C.
  • the pre-determined heating rate ranges from about l°C/minute to about 5°C/minute and the pre-determined cooling rate ranges from about l°C/minute to about 8°C/minute.
  • the load on the plurality of layers through a hydraulic press.
  • the protective layer is at least one of a sole of a shoe and a stab proof layer of a vest.
  • FIG.1 illustrates an exemplary exploded view of a puncture or intrusion resistant shoe with multiple layer and includes a protective layer manufactured as per method of the present disclosure.
  • FIG.2 illustrates a flowchart depicting a method for manufacturing a protective layer of a wearable article, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure describe a method for manufacturing a protective layer of a wearable article.
  • the protective layer may be used in wearable articles such as but not limiting to shoes or stab proof vests.
  • the method of manufacturing the protective layer may include stacking a plurality of layers of composite materials one above another.
  • the plurality of layers of composite materials may be stacked one above the other up to a pre-determined thickness.
  • the thickness of each of the individual layer of the plurality of layers of composite materials may range from about 0.24mm to about 0.26mm.
  • about 15 to 16 layers of composite materials may be initially stacked in a mould (not shown).
  • the overall thickness of the stacked layers may be from range of about 3 mm to 6mm but not limiting it to this particular thickness.
  • An adhesive may be provided in between each of the plurality of layers of composite materials.
  • the stacked layers which may be placed in mould may be subjected to a compressive load.
  • the stacked layers may be subjected load varying load and temperature cycle.
  • the varying temperature cycle may include subjecting the stacked layers to a plurality of heating cycles under room temperature and gradually increasing the temperature to a first and second pre-determined range for a pre-set period of time. Further, after the heating cycle is complete the stacked layer may be subjected to a cooling at a pre-determined temperature for a pre-set time period.
  • the stacked layers may be subjected to a desired or pre-determined compressive load by a press and when the stacked layers are being cooled the load on the stacked layers are gradually decreased to zero.
  • the stacked layers or hereinafter referred to as panels that may be processed by such method may then be removed from the mould and subjected to further processing.
  • the panels may be subjected to twisting and rolling operation to achieve desired flexibility. Further, the panels are cut into required shapes and sizes based on the wearable article in which the panel is intended to be used.
  • the wearable article could be at least one of a shoe or a stab proof vest.
  • the panels or the stacked layers thus produced may act as a protective layer in wearable articles.
  • the panels produced by the aforementioned process exhibits an improved penetration resistance i.e. it restricts the intrusion of sharp objects through the wearable article.
  • FIG.1 is an exemplary exploded view of a puncture or intrusion resistant wearable article (100), here a shoe is shown, that may be used for protecting a user from injuries arising from intrusion of spikes, knives stab and sharp objects into the wearable article.
  • the puncture resistant wearable article may be a stab resistance or stab proof vests, hand gloves or any such wearable articles.
  • the present disclosure hereinafter is explained considering the wearable article as a shoe.
  • the wearable article (100) such as shoe is configured to accommodate a foot of the user and the shoe is divided into a first layer (101), a protective layer (102) and a third layer (103).
  • the first layer (101) as shown in FIG.1, is the outer most layer or the outer sole of the shoe that comes in contact with the ground during its usage.
  • the first layer (101) may be manufactured of materials such as but not limited to rubber, polyvinyl substrates, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber and the like.
  • the first layer (101) may further include a gripping pattern (105) such as buttons and ridges in order to provide traction to the shoes during usage. These buttons or ridges may be of varying sizes and specifications based on the requirement for each shoe.
  • the gripping pattern (105) increases the friction between the ground and the shoe (100), thereby providing adequate grip to the user.
  • the first layer (101) comes in contact with the ground initially and hence takes the majority of impact load during contact with the ground.
  • the first layer (101) may fail to withstand impact during usage of the shoe (100) in harsh terrain conditions.
  • the first layer (101) may fail to withstand impact that may be caused due to piercing of nails or similar sharp objects. These objects may lead to injury of foot/leg of the user.
  • Such rough terrain conditions may be experienced by the user in areas such as remote jungles, where there may be spikes or sharp nails present.
  • a second layer (102) is provided in the shoe.
  • the protective layer (102) may be manufactured in a manner to achieve the required hardness and flexibility.
  • the protective layer (102) as shown in FIG. l may be manufactured of a plurality of layers of composite materials.
  • the protective layer (102) may hereinafter be referred to as a second layer.
  • Each of the plurality of layers may be stacked one over the other with the aid of adhesives.
  • the composite material used may be such as but not limited to aramid or polyethylene.
  • FIG.2 is a flowchart depicting a method for manufacturing a protective layer of a wearable article.
  • the plurality of layers of composite materials may be subjected to heat and pressures cycles in order to obtain the required hardness and flexibility and thus making the wearable article penetration resistant.
  • the stacked layers of composite materials may be subjected to a compressive load using a loading machine.
  • the loading machine may be at least one of a hydraulic press and pneumatic press.
  • an adhesive such as epoxy resin may be used to stack the layers, but the present disclosure is not limited to usage of epoxy resin as adhesive and other adhesives may also be used.
  • the stacked layers may be subjected to loads ranging from about 5-20 bars at room temperature when the stacked layers are placed in a mould under the press.
  • the stack of layers may be subjected for heating using a suitable heat source. During heating, the temperature may be gradually increased at a pre-defined heating rate until the temperature reaches a first temperature range.
  • the pre-defined rate of increase in temperature while heating may be in the range of 1-5 °C per minute.
  • the first range of temperature may be in the range of about 70 °C to 90 °C but not limiting to this particular temperature. It should be noted that, these temperature ranges are only indicative, and the temperature ranges may vary for different composite materials and also based on the wearable article under consideration.
  • the load acting on the stacked layers may be gradually increased to 150-200 bars.
  • the stacked layers may be held at the first range temperature, under the said increased load for a first pre-set time period.
  • the first pre-set time period may range from about 10 minutes to about 25 minutes.
  • the temperature may be gradually increased to the second pre-determined temperature range under the same load range of about 150-200 bars.
  • the temperature is gradually increased to second pre-determined range of temperature at the predetermined heating rate.
  • the second predetermined temperature range is maintained for a second pre-set time period.
  • the second pre-set time period may range from about 5 minutes to about 20 minutes and the second pre-determined temperature range may be in the range of about 120 °C to 135 °C.
  • the temperature on the protective layer (102) may be reduced to a temperature of 60°C to about room temperature at a pre-determined cooling rate.
  • the pre-determined cooling rate may be in the range of 1-8 °C per minute but not limiting to a certain rate of cooling.
  • the load may be completely reduced to zero bars.
  • the stacked layer or the protective layers or the panels are allowed to cure. The cured panels are removed out of the loading machine and cut into required sizes of the wearable articles.
  • the cut panels may be twisted and rolled to make them flexible and to give the wearing comfort for the user.
  • the cut panels form the second layer (102) or the protective layer (102) of the wearable article (100) as shown in FIG.l.
  • the hardness of the second layer (102) may be increased by the above said process.
  • This layer (102) acts as the fail-safe layer, wherein this layer (102) may resist the puncturing or intrusion of sharp objects into the foot/leg of the user when used in shoes or it resists the intrusion of knives when used in vests.
  • the sharp objects that passes through the first layer (101) may be completely resisted by the second layer (102), thereby not allowing the sharp objects to puncture or penetrate the foot of the user, thereby immobilising the user.
  • the protective layers (102) is removed from curing, it may further subjected to a wrapping process, wherein the protective layer is wrapped with a water-resistant fabric (not shown) to protect the panel (not shown) from sweat, moisture and water.
  • the shoe may include the third layer (103), the third layer (103) is a comfort layer used within the shoe to impart comfort to the user.
  • the third layer (103) provides required cushioning for the user while using the shoes.
  • the manufactured layers (101, 102 and 103) are then arranged and adhesively fixed to one another in an order to make a complete shoe (100).
  • the shoe (100), manufactured by this process is light in weight and also resists puncture or intrusion from sharp objects. Also, the sole so manufactured by the method of present disclosure is flexible and retrofittable to the existing shoes with minimum or no modifications. Further, since the thickness of the protective layer (102) is minimum, it does not increase the overall weight of the wearable article and hence not compromising on the comfort level. Additionally, since the protective layer undergoes various heat and pressure cycles, the durability of the protective layer so manufactured also improves.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de couche de protection d'un article vestimentaire. Un empilement de couches en matériau composite est soumis à une charge de compression s'inscrivant dans une plage d'environ 5 à 20 bars à température ambiante pendant une période de temps prédéfinie. Les couches empilées sont ensuite chauffées à une première plage de température prédéfinie à une vitesse de chauffe prédéfinie avec une augmentation progressive de la charge de compression appliquée aux couches empilées jusqu'à une charge allant d'environ 150 à 200 bars pendant une première période de temps prédéfinie. La température des couches empilées est augmentée jusqu'à une seconde plage de température prédéfinie à une vitesse de chauffe prédéfinie à une plage de charge constante pendant une seconde période de temps prédéfinie. Les couches empilées sont ensuite refroidies à une plage de température d'environ 60 °C à la température ambiante à une vitesse de refroidissement prédéfinie. La couche de protection traitée par le procédé a une résistance à la pénétration améliorée.
PCT/IB2020/050249 2019-01-14 2020-01-14 Procédé de fabrication de couche de protection d'article vestimentaire WO2020148639A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN201841047456 2019-01-14
IN201841047456 2019-01-14

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020148639A1 true WO2020148639A1 (fr) 2020-07-23

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160281272A1 (en) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Honeywell International Inc. Ballistic resistant composite material
WO2018143476A1 (fr) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 ダイヤテックス株式会社 Stratifié, précurseur de stratifié et procédé de production de stratifié

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20160281272A1 (en) * 2015-03-26 2016-09-29 Honeywell International Inc. Ballistic resistant composite material
WO2018143476A1 (fr) * 2017-02-06 2018-08-09 ダイヤテックス株式会社 Stratifié, précurseur de stratifié et procédé de production de stratifié

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