WO2020147541A1 - 发声装置以及电子设备 - Google Patents

发声装置以及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147541A1
WO2020147541A1 PCT/CN2019/128433 CN2019128433W WO2020147541A1 WO 2020147541 A1 WO2020147541 A1 WO 2020147541A1 CN 2019128433 W CN2019128433 W CN 2019128433W WO 2020147541 A1 WO2020147541 A1 WO 2020147541A1
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Prior art keywords
sound
vibration system
diaphragm
hole
vibration
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PCT/CN2019/128433
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马江羽
葛连山
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication of WO2020147541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147541A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electro-acoustic conversion technology, and more specifically, to a sound generating device and electronic equipment.
  • Existing double-sided sound emitting devices usually have independent functions on both sides. For example, one side is used as a speaker and the other side is used as a receiver, and each is connected to an electronic device through a sound pipe, for example, different sounding positions of a mobile phone, so as to emit sound.
  • a sound pipe for example, different sounding positions of a mobile phone
  • the acoustic performance of both sides is low, and the loudness is low. Especially when used as a loudspeaker application, the loudness of the speaker can no longer meet the current user needs.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for a sound generating device.
  • a sound generating device includes: a magnetic circuit system; a first vibration system, the first vibration system includes a first diaphragm and a first voice coil arranged on the first diaphragm, the first voice coil located in the One side of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction; and a second vibration system, the second vibration system including a second diaphragm and a second voice coil disposed on the second diaphragm, the second voice coil Located on the other side of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction, the first vibration system and the second vibration system vibrate and emit sound at the same time and emit sound through the sounding hole of the electronic device on which the sound emitting device is installed;
  • the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system in the frequency band before 3 kHz at the sounding hole is between [0, ⁇ /2].
  • the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the frequency band after 3 kHz at the sound hole is between [0, ⁇ /2];
  • the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the frequency band after 3 kHz at the sound hole is between [ ⁇ /2, ⁇ ].
  • the first voice coil and the second voice coil respond to the same electrical signal.
  • the vibration directions of the first vibration system and the second vibration system are opposite.
  • the sound generating device further includes a housing, and a cavity is formed inside the housing; the magnetic circuit system is arranged in the cavity, and the two sides of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction are connected to each other.
  • the shells are spaced apart.
  • the acoustic signal of the first vibration system is radiated from between the first diaphragm and the housing, or radiated from between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm;
  • the acoustic signal of the second vibration system is radiated from between the second diaphragm and the housing, or from between the second diaphragm and the second diaphragm.
  • the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system are radiated to the external space through the same or separate sound outlets.
  • a sound outlet is included, wherein the housing includes a top wall and a bottom wall opposite to the top wall, and the sound outlet is provided on the top wall or the bottom wall.
  • a first front acoustic cavity is formed between the first diaphragm and the top wall
  • a second front acoustic cavity is formed between the second diaphragm and the bottom wall.
  • the housing includes A partition separating the first front acoustic cavity and the second front acoustic cavity is provided with a through hole that communicates the first front acoustic cavity and the second front acoustic cavity.
  • the housing includes a top wall, a bottom wall and a side wall enclosed together, a first front acoustic cavity is formed between the first diaphragm and the top wall, and the second diaphragm
  • a second front acoustic cavity is formed between the bottom wall and the side wall is provided with a first sound outlet communicating with the first front acoustic cavity and a second sound outlet communicating with the second front acoustic cavity
  • the first sound outlet and the second sound outlet are arranged side by side; or, the acoustic signal of the first vibration system is radiated from between the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm, so The acoustic signal of the second vibration system is radiated from between the second vibration film and the first vibration film, and the first vibration system and the second vibration system share a common one installed on the side wall Sound hole.
  • a casing is included, the casing includes a middle casing and an upper casing and a lower casing respectively covering both sides of the middle casing, a mounting through hole is provided on the middle casing, and the magnetic circuit
  • the system is embedded in the installation through hole, the first diaphragm is suspended at one end of the installation through hole, the second diaphragm is suspended at the other end of the installation through hole, the first The voice coil and the second voice coil are located in the mounting through hole.
  • the difference between the effective radiation area of the first diaphragm and the effective radiation area of the second diaphragm is ⁇ 20%.
  • a sound hole is included, wherein the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the sound hole of the electronic device in the full frequency range is [0, ⁇ /2 ]between.
  • a sound hole is included, wherein the phase difference of the acoustic signal generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the sound hole of the electronic device in the frequency band after 4 kHz is [ ⁇ /2 , ⁇ ] between.
  • an electronic device includes a casing and the above-mentioned sounding device, the sounding device is arranged in the casing, and a sounding hole is provided on the casing, and the sounding hole is in communication with the sounding hole of the sounding device.
  • the sounding device is in the working state, under the baffle test condition, and tested at a position 10 cm away from the sounding hole.
  • a frequency of 500 Hz at least one of the first vibration system and the second vibration system
  • the loudness of a generated acoustic signal is ⁇ 80dB, and the total loudness of the two acoustic signals after superposition is ⁇ 86dB.
  • the acoustic signal generated by the first vibration system and the acoustic signal generated by the second vibration system are derived through the same or the same set of sounding holes provided on the housing;
  • the housing is provided with a first sounding hole or a first group of sounding holes for deriving the sound signal generated by the first vibration system, and a second sounding hole for deriving the sound signal generated by the second vibration system Or a second group of sounding holes, the first sounding hole or the first group of sounding holes and the second sounding hole or the second group of sounding holes are located on the same surface or different surfaces of the housing.
  • the sound generating device has the characteristic of high loudness.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a part of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a second sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded view of a part of a fourth sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 8 is a frequency response curve of a sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 9 is a frequency response curve of another sound generating device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded view of a sound emitting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a sound emitting device 33 is provided.
  • the sound generating device 33 includes a housing, a magnetic circuit system, a first vibration system, and a second vibration system.
  • the first vibration system and the second vibration system are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the two vibration systems share a magnetic circuit system for sound production.
  • the whole of the sounding device 33 may be, but not limited to, a circular structure, a rectangular structure or a racetrack-shaped structure. The following description takes the rectangular structure as an example.
  • the casing includes an upper casing 11, a middle casing 17 and a lower casing 12.
  • the upper shell 11, the middle shell 17 and the lower shell 12 are enclosed to form a cavity inside them.
  • the bottom wall is located on the lower shell 12 and the side walls are located on the middle shell 17.
  • the top wall is located above the magnetic circuit system in the vibration direction, for example, on the upper casing 11.
  • the bottom wall is located below the magnetic circuit system in the vibration direction, for example on the lower shell 12.
  • the side wall is located on the middle shell 17.
  • the first vibration system and the second vibration system are respectively suspended on the upper and lower ends of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the housing of the sound generating device may be formed by a part of the housing of the electronic device in which the sound generating device is installed.
  • the upper shell and/or the lower shell may be formed by a part of the housing of the electronic device.
  • the first vibration system includes a first diaphragm 13 and a first voice coil 14 arranged on the first diaphragm 13.
  • the first voice coil 14 is located on one side of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction.
  • the vibration direction in this embodiment refers to the vibration direction of the first vibration system and the second vibration system.
  • the second vibration system includes a second diaphragm 21 and a second voice coil 20 arranged on the second diaphragm 21.
  • the second voice coil 20 is located on the other side of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction. The first vibration system and the second vibration system simultaneously vibrate and emit sound and emit sound at the sounding hole of the electronic device on which the sound emitting device is installed.
  • the first voice coil 14 and the second voice coil 20 may respond to the same electrical signal to simultaneously vibrate and produce sound.
  • the sound signals emitted by the first vibration system and the second vibration system radiate sound outward through independent sound outlets or shared sound outlets, and are finally received by users through sound outlets in the same direction or different directions on the electronic device.
  • the middle shell 17 is a frame structure.
  • An installation through hole is provided in the middle case 17.
  • the magnetic circuit system is embedded in the installation through hole.
  • the first diaphragm 13 is suspended at one end of the installation through hole, for example, an edge portion of the first diaphragm 13 is bonded to one end surface of the installation through hole by an adhesive.
  • the second diaphragm 21 is suspended on the other end of the installation through hole, and the edge of the second diaphragm 21 is bonded to the other end surface of the installation through hole by an adhesive.
  • the first voice coil 14 and the second voice coil 20 are located in the mounting through holes.
  • the difference between the effective radiation area of the first diaphragm 13 and the second diaphragm 21 is ⁇ 20%.
  • the effective radiation area refers to the area of the effective vibration part of the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is a folded ring diaphragm, the folded ring part and the central part are effectively vibrating.
  • the diaphragm is a flat diaphragm, the part within the edge is the effective vibration part.
  • the sound generating device 33 further includes a first centering support piece 23 and a second centering support piece 22.
  • the first centering support piece 23 is attached to the surface of the first diaphragm 13.
  • the second centering support piece 22 is attached to the surface of the second diaphragm 21, for example, the surfaces of the two diaphragms opposite to each other.
  • the first voice coil 14 and the second voice coil 20 are respectively connected to an external circuit through the first centering support piece 23 and the second centering support piece 22 to receive electrical signals.
  • the magnetic circuit system is arranged in the cavity, and the two sides of the magnetic circuit system along the vibration direction are spaced from the casing.
  • the magnetic circuit system is spaced from the top and bottom walls.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a yoke 18, a central magnetic part and a side magnetic part.
  • the central magnetic part includes a central magnet 15 and an upper magnetic conductive plate.
  • the side magnetic part includes a side magnet 16 and a lower magnetic conductive plate 19.
  • the magnetic gap and the second magnetic gap, the first voice coil 14 is inserted into the first magnetic gap from the upper side of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the second voice coil 20 is inserted into the second magnetic gap from the lower side of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the outer diameter of the first voice coil 14 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the second voice coil 20, so that the first voice coil 14 can be inserted into the space enclosed by the second voice coil 20 when vibrating. or
  • the outer diameter of the second voice coil 20 is smaller than or equal to the inner diameter of the first voice coil 14 so that the second voice coil 20 can be inserted into the space surrounded by the first voice coil 14 when vibrating.
  • the first voice coil 14 and the second voice coil 20 can cross each other. In this way, on the one hand, the vibrations of the two vibration systems do not interfere with each other, which enables the amplitude of the two vibration systems to be effectively increased, and the loudness of the sounding device 33 is greater; on the other hand, the inside of the sounding device 33 is fully utilized
  • the sound device 33 can be made thinner and lighter.
  • the two vibration systems work at the same time to vibrate and produce sound, and the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system in the frequency band before 3kHz at the sound hole is [0, ⁇ /2 ]between.
  • the loudness of the sound generating device 33 at least in the middle and low frequency bands before 3 kHz can be effectively improved.
  • FIG. 8 is a frequency response curve of the sound generating device 33 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the b curve is the frequency response curve of the acoustic signal generated by the first vibration system at a distance of 10 cm from the sound hole of the electronic device.
  • the c curve is the frequency response curve of the acoustic signal generated by the second vibration system at a distance of 10 cm from the sound hole of the electronic device.
  • the a curve is the total frequency response curve.
  • the phase difference of the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the sound hole of the electronic device in the full frequency range is between [0, ⁇ /2], as is well known to those skilled in the art,
  • the phase difference between the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system in the frequency band before 3kHz at the sound hole is between [0, ⁇ /2], and the phase difference between the frequency band after 3kHz is also [ 0, ⁇ /2]. It can be seen from the curve a in FIG. 8 that the loudness of the sound generating device 33 in the full frequency range is significantly improved.
  • FIG. 9 is a frequency response curve of another sound generating device 33 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the b curve is the frequency response curve of the acoustic signal generated by the first vibration system at a distance of 10 cm from the sound hole of the electronic device.
  • the c curve is the frequency response curve of the acoustic signal generated by the second vibration system at a distance of 10 cm from the sound hole of the electronic device.
  • the a curve is the total frequency response curve.
  • the phase difference between the acoustic signals generated by the first vibration system and the second vibration system in the frequency band before 3kHz at the sound hole is between [0, ⁇ /2].
  • the phase difference between the first vibration system and the second vibration system at the frequency band after 3kHz at the sound hole is between [ ⁇ /2, ⁇ ].
  • the effective frequency band of the total frequency response curve is expanded.
  • the Fh of the first vibration system is 4.1 kHz; the Fh of the second vibration system is 5.5 kHz.
  • the total effective frequency band Fh is expanded to 5.5 kHz.
  • Those skilled in the art can adjust the phase difference between the two vibration systems at the sounding holes of the electronic device by adjusting the parameters of the vibration system and/or the parameters of the sound pipe.
  • the sound hole is provided on the side wall.
  • the sound hole is opened on the middle shell 17.
  • a groove is formed on the middle shell 17.
  • the upper shell 11 and/or the lower shell 12 cover the groove to form a sound hole.
  • the partition 28 and a part of the side wall enclose two grooves.
  • the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are respectively covered on two grooves to form a first sound hole 26 and a second sound hole 27.
  • the sound emitting device 33 formed in this arrangement is a side sound emitting device 33.
  • the sound generating device 33 can be assembled into electronic equipment along the thickness direction, which conforms to the development trend of miniaturization, lightness and thinness of electronic equipment.
  • the distances from the first vibration system and the second vibration system to the sound hole are equal, and the superimposition effect of vibration is better.
  • the vibration directions of the first vibration system and the second vibration system are opposite. That is, when vibrating, the first vibration system and the second vibration system simultaneously move in a direction away from each other and simultaneously move in a direction closer to each other. At this time, the phases of the acoustic signals generated by the two vibration systems are opposite; when the acoustic signals are guided to the same direction through the sound pipe, the two acoustic signals vibrate outward or inward at the same time. The same, so that the loudness is further improved.
  • the acoustic signal of the first vibration system is radiated from between the first diaphragm 13 and the housing, or from between the first diaphragm 13 and the second diaphragm.
  • the acoustic signal of the second vibration system is radiated from between the second diaphragm 21 and the housing, or radiated from between the second diaphragm 21 and the second diaphragm.
  • a first sound outlet 26 and a second sound outlet 27 are arranged side by side on the side wall.
  • the space between the first diaphragm 13 and the housing is the first front acoustic cavity 24.
  • the first sound hole 26 communicates with the first front sound cavity 24.
  • the first sound hole 26 is isolated from the second vibration system.
  • the space between the second diaphragm 21 and the housing is the second front acoustic cavity 25.
  • the second sound hole 27 communicates with the second front sound cavity 25.
  • the second sound hole 27 is isolated from the first vibration system. This setting makes the sound of the two vibration systems independent of each other without interference.
  • a side sound outlet 31 is provided on the side wall.
  • the side sound outlet 31 communicates with the space between the first diaphragm 13 and the second diaphragm.
  • the side close to each other of the first diaphragm 13 and the second diaphragm 21 is the sound emitting side.
  • the two vibration systems share a side sound hole 31. Compared with independent sound generation methods, the vibration airflow of the two vibration systems in this setting method is more concentrated, and the superposition effect is better.
  • the edge of the first diaphragm 13 is bonded to the side of the upper shell 11.
  • the edge portion of the second diaphragm 21 is bonded to the side of the lower casing 12.
  • the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are closed to form two rear acoustic cavities between the upper shell 11 and the first diaphragm 13 and between the lower shell 12 and the second diaphragm 21.
  • the rear acoustic cavity is used to adjust the low frequency effect of the sound generating device 33.
  • a sound-absorbing material can be filled in the rear acoustic cavity to further improve the low-frequency effect of the sound generating device 33.
  • a pressure relief hole communicating with the space between the first diaphragm 13 and the top wall is provided on the upper shell 11 (ie, the top wall).
  • a pressure relief hole communicating with the space between the second diaphragm 21 and the bottom wall is provided on the lower shell 12 (ie, the bottom wall). The pressure relief hole can balance the corresponding air pressure before and after the diaphragm, so that the vibration effect of the diaphragm is better.
  • the housing includes a partition 28 for separating the first front acoustic cavity 24 and the second front acoustic cavity 25.
  • the partition 28 is formed on the middle case 17.
  • a through hole 29 connecting the first front acoustic cavity 24 and the second front acoustic cavity 25 is provided on the partition 28.
  • a positive sound hole 30 is opened on the upper shell 11 or the lower shell 12. The sound emitted by one of the two vibration systems that is far from the positive sound outlet 30 is transmitted to the positive sound hole 30 through the through hole 29.
  • the sounding device 33 is a positive sounding method, and also has the characteristic of high loudness.
  • an electronic device is provided.
  • Electronic devices can be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, laptops, tablets, game consoles, smart watches, televisions, walkie-talkies, etc.
  • the electronic device includes a housing 32 and the aforementioned sounding device 33.
  • the sound emitting device 33 is provided in the housing 32.
  • a sounding hole 34 is provided on the housing 32.
  • the sound hole 34 communicates with the sound hole of the sound device 33.
  • the housing 32 includes side frames.
  • a sounding hole 34 is opened on the side frame.
  • the sound emitting device 33 is fixed on the inner side of the side frame.
  • the acoustic signal generated by the first vibration system and the acoustic signal generated by the second vibration system are derived through the same or the same set of sounding holes provided on the housing.
  • the housing 32 is provided with a first sounding hole or a first group of sounding holes for deriving the sound signal generated by the first vibration system, and a first group of sounding holes for generating the second vibration system.
  • the test is performed at a position 3410cm away from the sounding hole.
  • the first vibration system and the second vibration system The loudness of the acoustic signal generated by at least one of them is ⁇ 80dB, and the total loudness of the two acoustic signals after superposition is ⁇ 86dB.
  • the loudness of the first vibration system is 86dB
  • the loudness of the second vibration system is 84dB
  • the total loudness is increased to 91dB.
  • the electronic device has the characteristics of good sound effect.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置以及电子设备。该发声装置包括：磁路系统；第一振动系统，第一振动系统包括第一振膜和设置在第一振膜上的第一音圈，第一音圈位于磁路系统的沿振动方向的一侧；以及第二振动系统，第二振动系统包括第二振膜和设置在第二振膜上的第二音圈，第二音圈位于磁路系统的沿振动方向的另一侧，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统同时振动发声且在安装有所述发声装置的电子设备的发音孔出声；所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间。

Description

发声装置以及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及电声转换技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种发声装置以及电子设备。
背景技术
现有的双面发声器件，通常两个面各自具备独立的功能。例如，一面作为扬声器、一面作为受话器，并各自通过声管道连通至电子设备，例如，手机的不同出声位置，以向外发声。
在这种双面发生器件中，两个面的声学性能均较低，响度低。尤其是是作为外放应用时，扬声器的响度已无法满足当前用户需求。
因此，需要提供一种新的技术方案，以解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种发声装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种发声装置。该发声装置包括：磁路系统；第一振动系统，所述第一振动系统包括第一振膜和设置在所述第一振膜上的第一音圈，所述第一音圈位于所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的一侧；以及第二振动系统，所述第二振动系统包括第二振膜和设置在所述第二振膜上的第二音圈，所述第二音圈位于所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的另一侧，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统同时振动发声且在安装有所述发声装置的电子设备的发音孔出声；所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间。
可选地，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz后的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间；
或者，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz后的频段的相位差异在[π/2，π]之间。
可选地，所述第一音圈和所述第二音圈响应于同一个电信号。
可选地，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统的振动方向相反。
可选地，所述发声装置还包括壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体；所述磁路系统被设置在所述腔体内，所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的两侧与所述壳体相间隔。
可选地，所述第一振动系统的声信号从所述第一振膜与所述壳体之间辐射出，或者从所述第一振膜与所述第二振膜之间辐射出；
所述第二振动系统的声信号从所述第二振膜与所述壳体之间辐射出，或者从所述第二振膜与所述第二振膜之间辐射出。
可选地，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号通过相同的或者各自独立的出声孔辐射到外部空间。
可选地，包括出声孔，其中，所述壳体包括顶壁和与所述顶壁相对的底壁，在所述顶壁或者所述底壁上设置有所述出声孔。
可选地，在所述第一振膜与所述顶壁之间形成第一前声腔，在所述第二振膜与所述底壁之间形成第二前声腔，所述壳体包括用于分隔所述第一前声腔和所述第二前声腔的隔板，在所述隔板上设置有连通所述第一前声腔和所述第二前声腔的通孔。
可选地，所述壳体包括围合在一起的顶壁、底壁和侧壁，在所述第一振膜与所述顶壁之间形成第一前声腔，在所述第二振膜与所述底壁之间形成第二前声腔，在所述侧壁上设置有与所述第一前声腔连通的第一出声孔和与所述第二前声腔连通的第二出声孔，所述第一出声孔和所述第二出声孔并列设置；或者，所述第一振动系统的声信号从所述第一振膜与所述第二振膜之间辐射出，所述第二振动系统的声信号从所述第二振膜与所述第一振膜之间辐射出，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统共用一个设置在所述侧壁上的出声孔。
可选地，包括壳体，所述壳体包括中壳和分别盖合在所述中壳的两侧的上壳和下壳，在所述中壳上设置有安装通孔，所述磁路系统嵌设在所述 安装通孔内，所述第一振膜悬置在所述安装通孔的一端，所述第二振膜悬置在所述安装通孔的另一端，所述第一音圈和所述第二音圈位于所述安装通孔内。
可选地，所述第一振膜的有效辐射面积与所述第二振膜的有效辐射面积的差异≤20％。
可选地，包括出声孔，其中，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述电子设备的发音孔处在全频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间。
可选地，包括出声孔，其中，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述电子设备的发音孔处在4kHz后的频段的相位差异在[π/2，π]之间。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括外壳和上述发声装置，所述发声装置被设置在所述外壳内，在所述外壳上设置有发音孔，所述发音孔与所述发声装置的出声孔连通。
优选地，所述发声装置在工作状态，在障板测试条件下，距离所述发音孔10cm位置处进行测试，在500Hz频点，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统中的至少一个产生的声信号的响度≥80dB，且两个声信号叠加后总响度≥86dB。
优选地，所述第一振动系统产生的声信号和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号通过设于所述外壳上的同一个或同一组发音孔导出；
或者，在所述外壳上设有用于将第一振动系统产生的声信号导出的第一发音孔或第一组发音孔，和用于将第二振动系统产生的声信号导出的第二发音孔或第二组发音孔，所述第一发音孔或第一组发音孔与所述第二发音孔或第二组发音孔位于所述外壳的同一表面或者不同表面上。
根据本公开的一个实施例，该发声装置具有响度高的特点。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置的分解图。
图2是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置的剖视图。
图3是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置的一部分的分解图。
图4是根据本公开的一个实施例的第二种发声装置的剖视图。
图5是根据本公开的一个实施例的第三种发声装置的剖视图。
图6是根据本公开的一个实施例的第四种发声装置的剖视图。
图7是根据本公开的一个实施例的第四种发声装置的一部分的分解图。
图8是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置的频响曲线。
图9是根据本公开的一个实施例的另一种发声装置的频响曲线。
图10是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置的分解图。
附图标记说明：
11：上壳；12；下壳；13：第一振膜；14：第一音圈；15：中心磁铁；16：边磁铁；17：中壳；18：磁轭；19：下导磁板；20：第二音圈；21：第二振膜；22：第二定心支片；23：第一定心支片；24：第一前声腔；25：第二前声腔；26：第一出声孔；27：第二出声孔；28：隔板；29：通孔；30：正出声孔；31：侧出声孔；32：外壳；33：发声装置；34：发音孔。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例 性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种发声装置33。该发声装置33包括壳体、磁路系统、第一振动系统和第二振动系统。第一振动系统和第二振动系统分别位于磁路系统的上、下侧。两个振动系统共用一个磁路系统，以进行发声。发声装置33的整体可以是但不局限于呈圆形结构、矩形结构或者跑道形结构。下面以矩形结构为例进行说明。
在壳体的内部形成腔体。例如，如图1所示，壳体包括上壳11、中壳17和下壳12。上壳11、中壳17和下壳12围合在一起，以在它们内部形成腔体。底壁位于下壳12上，侧壁位于中壳17上。顶壁位于磁路系统沿振动方向的上方，例如位于上壳11上。底壁位于磁路系统沿振动方向的下方，例如位于下壳12上。侧壁位于中壳17上。第一振动系统和第二振动系统分别悬置在磁路系统的上、下端。在其他的实施例中，发声装置的壳体可以是由安装该发声装置的电子设备外壳的一部分构成，例如，上壳和/或下壳可以是电子设备的外壳的一部分构成。
第一振动系统包括第一振膜13和设置在第一振膜13上的第一音圈14。第一音圈14位于磁路系统的沿振动方向的一侧，本实施例中的振动方向是指第一振动系统和第二振动系统的振动方向。
第二振动系统包括第二振膜21和设置在第二振膜21上的第二音圈20。第二音圈20位于磁路系统的沿振动方向的另一侧。所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统同时振动发声且在安装有所述发声装置的电子设备的发音孔出声。
具体的，第一音圈14和第二音圈20可以响应于同一个电信号，以同时振动发声。第一振动系统和第二振动系统发出的声信号通过各自独立的出声孔或者共用的出声孔向外辐射声音，最终通过电子设备上的同一方向或者不同方向的出音孔被用户接收。
例如，如图1所示，中壳17为框架结构。在中壳17内设置有安装通孔。磁路系统嵌设在安装通孔内。第一振膜13悬置在安装通孔的一端，例如，通过粘结剂将第一振膜13的边缘部粘结在安装通孔的一个端面上。第二振膜21悬置在安装通孔的另一端，通过粘结剂将第二振膜21的边缘部粘结在安装通孔的另一个端面上。第一音圈14和第二音圈20位于安装通孔内。
优选地，第一振膜13和第二振膜21的有效辐射面积的差异≤20％。有效辐射面积是指振膜的有效振动部分的面积。例如，振膜为折环振膜，则折环部和中心部位有效振动部分。例如，振膜为平面振膜，则边缘部以内的部分为有效振动部分。第一振膜13和第二振膜21的有效辐射面积的大小差异在上述范围内时，两个振膜的辐射能力相当，响度叠加的效果更加明显。
例如，如图1-2所示，发声装置33还包括第一定心支片23和第二定心支片22。第一定心支片23贴合在第一振膜13的表面。第二定心支片22贴合在第二振膜21的表面，例如，两个振膜的彼此相背的表面。第一音圈14和第二音圈20分别通过第一定心支片23和第二定心支片22与外部电路导通，以接收电信号。
磁路系统被设置在腔体内，磁路系统的沿振动方向的两侧与壳体相间隔。例如，磁路系统与顶壁和底壁相间隔。磁路系统包括磁轭18、中心磁部和边磁部，中心磁部包括中心磁铁15和上导磁板，边磁部包括边磁铁16和下导磁板19，三者之间形成第一磁间隙和第二磁间隙，第一音圈14从磁路系统的上侧插入第一磁间隙中。第二音圈20从磁路系统的下侧插入第二磁间隙中。
在一个例子中，第一音圈14的外径小于或等于第二音圈20的内径，以使在振动时第一音圈14能插入第二音圈20包围的空间内。或者
第二音圈20的外径小于或等于第一音圈14的内径，以使在振动时第二音圈20能插入第一音圈14包围的空间内。
在振动时，第一音圈14和第二音圈20能够相互交错。通过这种方式，一方面两个振动系统的振动互不形成干涉，这使得两个振动系统的振幅能 有效地提升，发声装置33的响度更大；另一方面，充分利用了发声装置33内部的空间，发声装置33能够做的更轻薄。
在本公开实施例中，两个振动系统同时工作而振动发声，并且第一振动系统和第二振动系统产生的声信号在发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间。本该发声装置33的至少在3kHz前的中低频段的响度能够有效地提高。领域技术人员公知的，声信号为周期信号，该区间可拓展为[0±2nπ，π/2±2nπ]，n＝0,1,2,3……。
图8是根据本公开的一个实施例的发声装置33的频响曲线。其中，b曲线是第一振动系统产生的声信号在距电子设备的发音孔10cm处的频响曲线。c曲线是第二振动系统产生的声信号在距电子设备的发音孔10cm处的频响曲线。a曲线为总的频响曲线。在该例子中，第一振动系统和第二振动系统产生的声信号在电子设备的发音孔处在全频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间，本领域技术人员公知的，声信号为周期信号，该区间可拓展为[0±2nπ，π/2±2nπ]，n＝0,1,2,3……。即，第一振动系统和第二振动系统产生的声信号在发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间，且在3kHz后的频段的相位差异也在[0，π/2]之间。由图8的a曲线可以看出，该发声装置33在全频段的响度显著提升。
图9是根据本公开的一个实施例的另一种发声装置33的频响曲线。其中，b曲线是第一振动系统产生的声信号在距电子设备的发音孔10cm处的频响曲线。c曲线是第二振动系统产生的声信号在距电子设备的发音孔10cm处的频响曲线。a曲线为总的频响曲线。在该例子中，第一振动系统和第二振动系统产生的声信号在发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间，本领域技术人员公知的，声信号为周期信号，该区间可拓展为[0±2nπ，π/2±2nπ]，n＝0,1,2,3……。且第一振动系统和第二振动系统在发音孔孔处在3kHz后的频段的相位差异在[π/2，π]之间，本领域技术人员公知的，声信号为周期信号，该区间可拓展为[0±2nπ，π/2±2nπ]，n＝0,1,2,3……。由图9的a曲线可以看出，该发声装置33在中低频段的响度显著提升。在高频段，由于两个振动系统的Fh存在差异，故总的频响曲线的有效频段得到了扩展。例如，第一振动系统的Fh为4.1kHz； 第二振动系统的Fh为5.5kHz。叠加Fh的双峰，则总的有效频段Fh被扩展到5.5kHz。
本领域技术人员可以通过调整振动系统的参数和/或出声管道的参数来调整两个振动系统在电子设备的发音孔处的相位差异。
在一个例子中，出声孔被设置在侧壁上。例如，出声孔开设在中壳17上。
或者，在中壳17上形成凹槽。上壳11和/或下壳12盖合在凹槽上，以围合形成出声孔。例如，如图2-3所示，隔板28和侧壁的一部分围成两个凹槽。上壳11和下壳12分别盖合在两个凹槽上，以形成第一出声孔26和第二出声孔27。
这种设置方式形成的发声装置33为侧出声式的发声装置33。发声装置33能沿厚度方向装配到电子设备中，顺应了电子设备小型化、轻薄化的发展趋势。
此外，在侧出声式的发声装置33中，第一振动系统和第二振动系统到出声孔的距离相当，振动的叠加效果更加良好。
在一个例子中，第一振动系统和第二振动系统的振动方向相反。即，在振动时，第一振动系统和第二振动系统同时向远离彼此的方向运动，并同时向靠近彼此的方向运动。此时，两个振动系统产生的声信号的相位相反；当声信号通过出音管道引导至相同方向的进行出声后，两个声信号为同时向外振动或同时向内振动，此时相位相同，从而使响度进一步提升。
在一个例子中，第一振动系统的声信号从第一振膜13与壳体之间辐射出，或者从第一振膜13与第二振膜之间辐射出。
第二振动系统的声信号从第二振膜21与壳体之间辐射出，或者从第二振膜21与第二振膜之间辐射出。
例如，如图2所示，在侧壁上并列地设置有第一出声孔26和第二出声孔27。第一振膜13和壳体之间的空间为第一前声腔24。第一出声孔26与第一前声腔24连通。第一出声孔26与第二振动系统是隔离的。第二振膜21和壳体之间的空间为第二前声腔25。第二出声孔27与第二前声腔25连通。第二出声孔27与第一振动系统是隔离的。这种设置方式使得两个振 动系统的出声能够相互独立，不会产生干扰。
例如，如图6所示，在侧壁上设置有一个侧出声孔31。侧出声孔31与第一振膜13和第二振膜之间的空间连通。第一振膜13和第二振膜21的彼此靠近的一侧为出声侧。两个振动系统共用一个侧出声孔31。相比于各自独立的出声方式，这种设置方式两个振动系统的振动气流更集中，叠加效果更好。
在该例子中，如图6-7所示，第一振膜13的边缘部粘结在上壳11的侧边上。第二振膜21的边缘部粘结在下壳12的侧边上。
可以是，上壳11和下壳12是封闭的，以在上壳11与第一振膜13之间以及下壳12与第二振膜21之间形成两个后声腔。后声腔用于调节发声装置33的低频效果。例如，可以在后声腔内填充吸音材料，以进一步提高发声装置33的低频效果。
也可以是，在上壳11(即顶壁)上设置有与第一振膜13和顶壁之间的空间连通的泄压孔。在下壳12(即底壁)上设置有与第二振膜21和底壁之间的空间连通的泄压孔。泄压孔能平衡对应的振膜前、后的气压，使得振膜的振动效果更好。
在其他示例中，如图4-5所示，壳体包括用于分隔第一前声腔24和第二前声腔25的隔板28。例如，隔板28形成在中壳17上。在隔板28上设置有连通第一前声腔24和第二前声腔25的通孔29。在上壳11或者下壳12上开设有正出声孔30。两个振动系统中远离正出声孔30的一个发出的声音，经由通孔29传播到正出声孔30。该发声装置33为正出声的出声方式，同样具有响度高的特点。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种电子设备。电子设备可以是但不局限于手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、游戏机、智能手表、电视机、对讲机等。
如图10所示，该电子设备包括外壳32和上述发声装置33。发声装置33被设置在外壳32内。在外壳32上设置有发音孔34。发音孔34与发声装置33的出声孔连通。例如，外壳32包括侧边框。在侧边框上开设有发音孔34。发声装置33被固定在侧边框的内侧。本实施例中，第一振动系 统产生的声信号和第二振动系统产生的声信号通过设于外壳上的同一个或同一组发音孔导出。
在其他的实施例中，还可以是，在外壳32上设有用于将第一振动系统产生的声信号导出的第一发音孔或第一组发音孔，和用于将第二振动系统产生的声信号导出的第二发音孔或第二组发音孔，其中，所述第一发音孔或第一组发音孔与所述第二发音孔或第二组发音孔位于外壳32的同一表面或者不同表面上，可以根据具体需要具体设计，只要能够满足第一振动系统和第二振动系统产生的声信号在发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间即可。
结合图8和图9所示，当上述的发声装置在工作状态，在障板测试条件下，距离所述发音孔3410cm位置处进行测试，在500Hz频点，第一振动系统和第二振动系统中的至少一个产生的声信号的响度≥80dB，且两个声信号叠加后总响度≥86dB。例如，第一振动系统的响度为86dB，第二振动系统的响度为84dB，总响度提升至91dB。
该电子设备具有发声效果良好的特点。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种发声装置，其中，包括：
    磁路系统；
    第一振动系统，所述第一振动系统包括第一振膜和设置在所述第一振膜上的第一音圈，所述第一音圈位于所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的一侧；以及
    第二振动系统，所述第二振动系统包括第二振膜和设置在所述第二振膜上的第二音圈，所述第二音圈位于所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的另一侧，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统同时振动发声且在安装有所述发声装置的电子设备的发音孔出声；
    所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz前的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz后的频段的相位差异在[0，π/2]之间；
    或者，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号在所述发音孔处在3kHz后的频段的相位差异在[π/2，π]之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一音圈和所述第二音圈响应于同一个电信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统的振动方向相反。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其中，还包括壳体，在所述壳体的内部形成腔体；
    所述磁路系统被设置在所述腔体内，所述磁路系统的沿振动方向的两 侧与所述壳体相间隔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一振动系统的声信号从所述第一振膜与所述壳体之间辐射出，或者从所述第一振膜与所述第二振膜之间辐射出；
    所述第二振动系统的声信号从所述第二振膜与所述壳体之间辐射出，或者从所述第二振膜与所述第一振膜之间辐射出。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号通过相同的或者各自独立的出声孔辐射到外部空间。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，包括出声孔，其中，所述壳体包括顶壁和与所述顶壁相对的底壁，在所述顶壁或者所述底壁上设置有所述出声孔。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的发声装置，其中，在所述第一振膜与所述顶壁之间形成第一前声腔，在所述第二振膜与所述底壁之间形成第二前声腔，所述壳体包括用于分隔所述第一前声腔和所述第二前声腔的隔板，在所述隔板上设置有连通所述第一前声腔和所述第二前声腔的通孔。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的发声装置，其中，所述壳体包括围合在一起的顶壁、底壁和侧壁，在所述第一振膜与所述顶壁之间形成第一前声腔，在所述第二振膜与所述底壁之间形成第二前声腔，在所述侧壁上设置有与所述第一前声腔连通的第一出声孔和与所述第二前声腔连通的第二出声孔，所述第一出声孔和所述第二出声孔并列设置；或者，
    所述第一振动系统的声信号从所述第一振膜与所述第二振膜之间辐射出，所述第二振动系统的声信号从所述第二振膜与所述第一振膜之间辐射出，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统共用一个设置在所述侧壁上 的出声孔。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中的任意一项所述的发声装置，其中，包括壳体，所述壳体包括中壳和分别盖合在所述中壳的两侧的上壳和下壳，在所述中壳上设置有安装通孔，所述磁路系统嵌设在所述安装通孔内，所述第一振膜悬置在所述安装通孔的一端，所述第二振膜悬置在所述安装通孔的另一端，所述第一音圈和所述第二音圈位于所述安装通孔内。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10中的任意一项所述的发声装置，其中，所述第一振膜的有效辐射面积与所述第二振膜的有效辐射面积的差异≤20％。
  13. 一种电子设备，其中，包括外壳和如权利要求1-12中的任意一项所述的发声装置，所述发声装置被设置在所述外壳内，在所述外壳上设置有发音孔，所述发音孔与发声装置的出声孔连通。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备，其中，所述发声装置在工作状态，在障板测试条件下，距离所述发音孔10cm位置处进行测试，在500Hz频点，所述第一振动系统和所述第二振动系统中的至少一个产生的声信号的响度≥80dB，且两个声信号叠加后总响度≥86dB。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一振动系统产生的声信号和所述第二振动系统产生的声信号通过设于所述外壳上的同一个或同一组发音孔导出；
    或者，在所述外壳上设有用于将第一振动系统产生的声信号导出的第一发音孔或第一组发音孔，和用于将第二振动系统产生的声信号导出的第二发音孔或第二组发音孔，所述第一发音孔或第一组发音孔与所述第二发音孔或第二组发音孔位于所述外壳的同一表面或者不同表面上。
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