WO2020147018A1 - 光学图像采集系统和电子设备 - Google Patents

光学图像采集系统和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147018A1
WO2020147018A1 PCT/CN2019/071825 CN2019071825W WO2020147018A1 WO 2020147018 A1 WO2020147018 A1 WO 2020147018A1 CN 2019071825 W CN2019071825 W CN 2019071825W WO 2020147018 A1 WO2020147018 A1 WO 2020147018A1
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Prior art keywords
image acquisition
optical image
pixel unit
microlens
unit
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PCT/CN2019/071825
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
詹昶
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/071825 priority Critical patent/WO2020147018A1/zh
Priority to CN201980000123.6A priority patent/CN109844766B/zh
Publication of WO2020147018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147018A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of information technology, and more specifically, to an optical image acquisition system and electronic equipment.
  • the under-screen biometric recognition technology can be realized by microlens, specifically, the light signal reflected or scattered from the finger surface is guided by the microlens to the photosensitive area of the optical sensor, thereby realizing the screen Under biometric identification.
  • the distance between adjacent microlenses must be greater than or equal to the minimum distance required by the processing technology, which reduces the area of the photosensitive area per unit area that can receive light signals, and thus Affect fingerprint recognition rate.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical image acquisition system and an electronic device, which can increase the area of a photosensitive area per unit area that can receive light signals.
  • an optical image acquisition system including:
  • each optical image acquisition unit includes a photo sensor and a micro lens arranged above the photo sensor, the micro lens is used to converge the light signal from above the micro lens to the photo sensor ;
  • the plurality of optical image acquisition units include two adjacent first optical image acquisition units, second optical image acquisition units, and third optical image acquisition units, and the first optical image acquisition units include first photoelectric sensors ,
  • the second optical image acquisition unit includes a second photosensor,
  • the third optical image acquisition unit includes a third photosensor, the first photosensor, the second photosensor and the third photosensor The connection at the center forms an acute triangle.
  • the line connecting the centers of the first photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor and the third photoelectric sensor forms an equilateral triangle.
  • the photosensor corresponds to one pixel unit
  • the side length of the equilateral triangle is equal to the side length of the pixel unit
  • the pixel unit is square.
  • the first optical image acquisition unit includes a first pixel unit
  • the second optical image acquisition unit includes a second pixel unit
  • the third optical image acquisition unit includes a third pixel unit
  • the first photosensor is arranged in a local area of the first pixel unit
  • the second photosensor is arranged in a local area of the second pixel unit
  • the third photosensor is arranged in the third pixel unit.
  • the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit are adjacent to but not overlapping, and a partial area of the third pixel unit is respectively connected to the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit.
  • the units partially overlap.
  • the circuit routing of the non-sensing area in the first pixel unit, the second pixel unit, and the third pixel unit is designed so that the third pixel unit and the The first pixel unit and the second pixel unit partially overlap.
  • the third pixel unit is arranged at In the blank area reserved in the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit.
  • the first optical image capture unit includes a first microlens
  • the second optical image capture unit includes a second microlens
  • the third optical image capture unit includes a third microlens
  • the line connecting the center of the microlens in the optical image acquisition unit and the center of the corresponding photoelectric sensor is perpendicular to the plane where the photoelectric sensor is located.
  • the light signal detected by the photoelectric sensor is used to form a pixel of the captured image, and the light signal detected by the light point sensor in the plurality of optical image capturing units is used to form an image.
  • the optical image acquisition unit further includes:
  • the filter layer is arranged in the optical path between the microlens and the photoelectric sensor, and is used to filter out the light signal of the non-target waveband and transmit the light signal of the target waveband.
  • the optical image acquisition system is a biometric recognition system or a camera system.
  • the material of the microlens is an organic material.
  • the optical image acquisition system further includes:
  • the supporting structure is used to support the optical image acquisition system.
  • the photosensitivity of the photosensor to blue, green, red, or infrared light is greater than a first predetermined threshold, and the quantum efficiency is greater than a second predetermined threshold.
  • an electronic device including: a display screen and an optical image acquisition system in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, wherein the optical image acquisition system is disposed on the display screen Below.
  • the display screen is an organic light emitting diode display screen
  • the light emitting layer of the display screen includes a plurality of organic light emitting diode light sources
  • the biometric identification system uses at least part of organic light-emitting diode light sources as the excitation light source for biometric identification.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an electronic device to which this application can be applied.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the electronic device shown in Fig. 1 along A'-A'.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a typical arrangement of pixel units.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of optical image acquisition units according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of optical image acquisition units according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement of optical image acquisition units according to still another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an increased photosensitive area according to the arrangement of the optical image acquisition unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an optical image acquisition system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be used for under-screen optical image acquisition, for example, under-screen biometric recognition or under-screen hidden camera functions, etc., where biometric recognition can be other biometric recognition in addition to fingerprint recognition.
  • biometric recognition can be other biometric recognition in addition to fingerprint recognition.
  • living body recognition etc., which are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the following first introduces the under-screen biometric recognition technology.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 to which under-screen biometric identification technology can be applied.
  • FIG. 1 is a front schematic diagram of the electronic device 10
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. A'partial cross-sectional structure diagram.
  • the electronic device 10 includes a display screen 120 and a biometric identification device 130, wherein the biometric identification device 130 is arranged in a partial area below the display screen 120, for example, the display screen Below the middle area.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may specifically be an optical biometric identification device, such as an optical fingerprint device, which is mainly used to collect user's biometric information (such as fingerprint image information) for biometric identification.
  • the optical fingerprint device includes a sensing array with a plurality of pixel units, and the area where the sensing array is located or the sensing area thereof is the biometric collection area 103 of the biometric identification device 130. As shown in FIG. 1, the biological feature collection area 103 is located in the display area of the display screen 120.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 may be different from the area of the sensing array of the optical fingerprint device 130, for example, through an optical path design such as lens imaging, a reflective folding optical path design, or other optical path design such as light convergence or reflection.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 103 of the optical fingerprint device 130 can be made larger than the area of the sensing array of the optical fingerprint device 130.
  • the electronic device 10 adopting the above-mentioned structure does not need to reserve a space on the front side to set a fingerprint button (such as a Home button), so a full screen solution can be adopted. Therefore, the display area of the display screen 120 can be substantially extended to the entire front of the electronic device 10.
  • the biometric identification device 130 includes a light detection part 134 and an optical component 132.
  • the light detection part 134 includes a sensing array and is electrically connected to the sensing array.
  • the reading circuit and other auxiliary circuits can be fabricated on a chip (Die) through a semiconductor process, such as an optical imaging chip or an optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the sensing array is specifically a photodetector (PD) array, which It includes a plurality of photodetectors distributed in an array;
  • the optical component 132 can be arranged above the sensing array of the light detection part 134, for example, above the photodetector, which can specifically include a filter layer ( Filter), a light guide layer or light path guiding structure and other optical elements.
  • the filter layer can be used to filter out ambient light penetrating the finger, while the light guide layer or light path guiding structure is mainly used to reflect back from the finger surface The reflected light is guided to the sensing array for optical detection.
  • the optical assembly 132 and the light detecting part 134 may be packaged in the same biometric identification component.
  • the optical component 132 and the optical detection part 134 may be packaged in the same biometric identification chip, or the optical component 132 may be arranged outside the chip where the optical detection part 134 is located, for example, the optical The component 132 is attached above the chip, or some components of the optical component 132 are integrated into the chip.
  • the light guide layer or the light path guide structure may specifically adopt a micro-lens (Micro-Lens) layer, and the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lenses, which may be through a semiconductor growth process or Other processes are formed above the sensing array of the light detection part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array.
  • a micro-lens Micro-Lens
  • the micro-lens layer has a micro-lens array formed by a plurality of micro-lenses, which may be through a semiconductor growth process or Other processes are formed above the sensing array of the light detection part 134, and each microlens may correspond to one of the sensing units of the sensing array.
  • the microlens layer and the sensing unit may also include The light-blocking layer of the micro-hole, wherein the micro-hole is formed between its corresponding micro-lens and the sensing unit, the light-blocking layer can block the optical interference between the adjacent micro-lens and the sensing unit, and make the sensing The light corresponding to the unit is condensed into the microhole through the microlens and is transmitted to the sensing unit through the microhole for biometric imaging.
  • the display screen 120 may be a display screen with a self-luminous display unit, such as an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display or a micro-LED (Micro-LED) display Screen.
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • Micro-LED Micro-LED
  • the biometric identification device 130 can use the display unit (ie, an OLED light source) of the OLED display screen 120 located in the biometric collection area 103 as an excitation light source for biometric detection.
  • the display screen 120 emits a beam of light to the target finger above the biometric collection area 103, and the light is reflected on the surface of the finger. Reflected light or scattered light is scattered inside the finger. In related patent applications, for ease of description, the above-mentioned reflected light and scattered light are collectively referred to as reflected light. Because the ridge and valley of the fingerprint have different light reflection capabilities, the reflected light from the fingerprint ridge and the reflected light from the fingerprint ridge have different light intensities.
  • the sensor array in the feature recognition device 130 receives and converts it into a corresponding electrical signal, that is, a fingerprint detection signal; based on the fingerprint detection signal, fingerprint image data can be obtained, and fingerprint matching verification can be further performed, so that the electronic device 10 Realize optical fingerprint recognition function.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may also use a built-in light source or an external light source to provide an optical signal for biometric detection.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may be suitable for non-self-luminous display screens, such as liquid crystal display screens or other passively-luminous display screens.
  • the biometric identification device of the electronic device 10 may also include an excitation light source for biometric detection
  • the excitation light source may specifically be an infrared light source or a light source of invisible light of a specific wavelength, which may be arranged under the backlight module of the liquid crystal display or arranged in the edge area under the protective cover of the electronic device 10, and
  • the biometric identification device 130 may be arranged below the edge area of the liquid crystal panel or the protective cover and guided by the light path so that the biometric detection light can reach the biometric identification device 130; or, the biometric identification device 130 may also It is arranged under the backlight module, and the backlight module is designed to allow the biometric detection light to pass through the liquid crystal panel and the backlight module by opening holes or other optical designs on the film layers such as diffuser, brightness enhancement film, and reflective film.
  • the display screen 120 may also be a non-self-luminous display screen, such as a backlit liquid crystal display screen; in this case, the optical detection device 130 cannot use the display screen 120.
  • the display unit is used as the excitation light source, so it is necessary to integrate the excitation light source inside the optical detection device 130 or set the excitation light source outside it to achieve optical fingerprint detection.
  • a built-in light source or an external light source is used when providing an optical signal for fingerprint detection, the detection principle is consistent with the content described above.
  • the electronic device 10 further includes a transparent protective cover 110.
  • the cover may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the The front of the electronic device 10. Because, in the embodiment of the present application, the so-called finger pressing on the display screen 120 actually refers to pressing on the cover plate above the display screen 120 or covering the surface of the protective layer of the cover plate.
  • the biometric identification module 130 may specifically be an optical biometric identification device, such as an optical fingerprint device.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may only include an optical fingerprint sensor.
  • the biometric collection area 103 of the biometric recognition device 130 has a small area and a fixed position. Therefore, the user needs to press his finger to a specific position of the biometric collection area 103 when performing fingerprint input, otherwise the biometric recognition device 130 may not be able to The fingerprint image is collected and the user experience is poor.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may specifically include multiple optical fingerprint sensors; the multiple optical fingerprint sensors may be arranged side by side under the display screen 120 in a splicing manner, and the multiple The sensing area of the optical fingerprint sensor collectively constitutes the biological feature collection area 103 of the biological feature identification device 130.
  • the biometric collection area 103 of the biometric identification device 130 may include multiple sub-areas, and each sub-area corresponds to the sensing area of one of the optical fingerprint sensors, so that the fingerprint of the optical fingerprint module 130
  • the collection area 103 can be extended to the main area of the lower half of the display screen, that is, to the area where the finger is habitually pressed, so as to realize the blind fingerprint input operation.
  • the fingerprint detection area 130 can also be extended to half of the display area or even the entire display area, thereby realizing half-screen or full-screen fingerprint detection.
  • the biometric identification device 130 may include an optical image acquisition system, and the optical image acquisition system may include a plurality of optical image acquisition units.
  • the optical image The collection unit may include a pixel cell and a microlens disposed above the pixel unit, and an array of pixel units in the plurality of optical image collection units may be formed in the light detection part 134, specifically,
  • Each pixel unit may include a photodetector PD, the PD is arranged in a local area of the pixel unit, and other areas in the pixel unit may be used to set a reading circuit electrically connected to the PD and other auxiliary devices. Circuit, the PDs in the plurality of optical image acquisition units can form the aforementioned sensing array.
  • the microlens is arranged above the pixel unit, and the microlens is arranged above the PD in the pixel unit.
  • each pixel unit 101 may include a photoelectric sensor 102, which corresponds to the aforementioned PD, and the photoelectric sensor 102 is arranged in the A local area in the pixel unit 101, and other areas in the pixel unit 101 can be used to set a PD reading circuit or other auxiliary circuits.
  • a micro-lens 103 is provided above the photoelectric sensor 102 for converging the reflected light signal formed by the reflection of the user's finger to the photoelectric sensor 102.
  • the pixel unit 101 is usually a square with a side length of L, and the pixel units 101 are aligned.
  • the photosensor 102 and the microlens 103 are also aligned.
  • adjacent The spacing between the microlenses must be greater than or equal to the minimum spacing d. Since the area outside the microlenses is opaque, this leads to a lower effective area of light signals per unit area, which affects fingerprint recognition performance.
  • the ratio of the photosensitive area per unit area that effectively receives the light signal, that is, the light yield per unit area ⁇ 1 is:
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an optical image acquisition system that uses non-aligned arrangement (ie, staggered arrangement) of pixel units.
  • the distance between the microlenses is changed from the original parallel to the pixel unit.
  • the pitch in the direction of the specific side is converted to the pitch in the direction at a certain angle to the specific side of the pixel unit.
  • it is equivalent to arranging adjacent pixel units into the optical pixel unit, thereby increasing the unit area The effective area in which the optical signal can be received.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of an optical image acquisition system 200 according to an embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that FIG. 4 is a top view of the optical image acquisition system 200. In the three-dimensional structure, the micro lens is disposed above the pixel unit, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the optical image acquisition system 200 may include multiple optical image acquisition units.
  • Each optical image acquisition unit may include a photosensor 202 and a microlens 203 arranged above the photosensor 202, and the microlens 203 is used to converge the light signal from above the microlens 203 to the photosensor 202.
  • the multiple optical image acquisition units may include multiple pixel units, such as pixel units 210 to 230 as shown in FIG. 4, and the photoelectric sensor is arranged in a local area of the pixel unit.
  • the pixel unit 220 is provided with a photoelectric sensor 202.
  • the photoelectric sensor may correspond to the photodetector PD in the aforementioned sensing unit (or sensing array), and the array formed by the photoelectric sensors in the plurality of pixel units may correspond to the aforementioned sensing array, one pixel unit In other areas except the area where the photoelectric sensor is located, a reading circuit for electrically connecting with the photoelectric sensor and other auxiliary circuits can be provided.
  • the photosensor 202 can detect the light signal from the corresponding area above the microlens 203, and then can obtain the pixel value according to the light intensity of the light signal.
  • the light signal detected by the photoelectric sensor 202 can be used to form a pixel of the captured image, and the pixel represents the characteristic value of the corresponding area above the optical image capturing unit.
  • the signal collected by one optical image acquisition unit forms one pixel of the image, so that an image can be obtained from the signals collected by multiple optical image acquisition units.
  • the optical image acquisition units are non-aligned, or the pixel units are non-aligned.
  • the pixel unit 220 and the pixel unit 230 are non-aligned, or Say, stagger the settings.
  • the photoelectric sensors between adjacent rows can be staggered along the X axis.
  • the line connecting the centers of the photoelectric sensors in the pixel units adjacent to the row from the original parallel to Y The axis transforms into a certain angle (specifically an acute angle) with the Y axis. For example, as shown in FIG.
  • the pixel unit 230 can be moved to the pixel unit 220 at an acute angle in the positive direction of the X axis by a certain distance, while ensuring the distance between the pixel unit 230 and the pixel unit 210 and the microlens corresponding to the pixel unit 220 It is greater than or equal to the minimum distance d, so that the distance between the microlenses changes from the original minimum distance d along the Y axis to the minimum distance d at a certain angle with the Y axis. Under the same distance, relative to The distance between the centers of adjacent pixel units is shortened, that is, the photosensitive area per unit area is increased.
  • the photoelectric sensors between adjacent columns can be staggered along the Y axis, so that the line connecting the centers of the photoelectric sensors of the pixel units adjacent to the column from the original parallel to X
  • the axis is transformed into a certain angle (specifically an acute angle) with the X axis.
  • the pixel unit 230 can be moved to the pixel unit 220 at an acute angle to the positive direction of the Y axis by a certain distance, while ensuring the distance between the pixel unit 230 and the pixel unit 210 and the microlens in the pixel unit 220 It is greater than or equal to the minimum distance d.
  • the distance between the microlenses changes from the original distance along the X-axis to the distance with the X-axis at a certain angle.
  • the distance is relatively close to The distance between the centers of adjacent pixel units is to increase the photosensitive area per unit area.
  • the distance between the microlenses is parallel to the X axis or the Y axis. Spacing; in the non-aligned arrangement, the spacing between the microlenses is converted to the spacing in the direction at a certain angle to the X-axis or Y-axis direction, which is equivalent to narrowing the center of adjacent pixel units
  • the distance can also be understood as setting a part of the photosensitive area of the adjacent pixel unit into the pixel unit, which increases the effective area per unit area that can receive light signals.
  • the plurality of optical image acquisition units include a first optical image acquisition unit, a second optical image acquisition unit, and a third optical image acquisition unit
  • the first optical image acquisition unit It includes a first photosensor
  • the second optical image acquisition unit includes a second photosensor
  • the third optical image capture unit includes a third photosensor
  • the first photosensor, the second photosensor, and the The line connecting the center of the third photoelectric sensor forms an acute triangle.
  • the distance between the microlenses in the adjacent optical image acquisition units is ensured. More or less than the minimum distance d, the original distance between the microlenses along the X-axis or Y-axis direction (that is, the right-angled side) can be converted into the distance in the hypotenuse direction, which can increase the photosensitive per unit area.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific arrangement.
  • the line connecting the centers of the first photo sensor, the second photo sensor and the third photo sensor forms an equilateral triangle.
  • the first optical image acquisition unit includes a first photoelectric sensor 212 and a first microlens 213 disposed above the first photoelectric sensor 212
  • the second optical image acquisition unit includes a second photoelectric sensor 212.
  • the third optical image acquisition unit includes a third photoelectric sensor 232 and a third microlens arranged above the third photoelectric sensor 232 233.
  • the line connecting the centers of the first photosensor 212, the second photosensor 222, and the third photosensor 232 forms an equilateral triangle, where the side length of the equilateral triangle is the pixel unit 210, the pixel unit 220 and the side length L of the pixel unit 230.
  • the distance between the centers of two adjacent photoelectric sensors is L, where L is the side length of the pixel unit, and the square 240 in FIG. 7 is Unit area, determine the effective light yield. Comparing Figures 3 and 7, it can be seen that, compared to the aligned arrangement, when the non-aligned arrangement is adopted, the increased photosensitive area in the square 240 is the area of the diagonal line in Figure 7, including two right triangles 242 and two An acute angle sector 241.
  • the length of the short side of the right triangle 242 is The length of the hypotenuse of the right triangle 242 is the radius of the microlens, namely
  • the area of the acute-angled sector 241 where the included angle of the acute-angled sector is: 90°- ⁇ , the radius is the radius of the microlens, then the area of the acute-angled sector is:
  • the increase in the photosensitive area per unit area is 2(S 1 +S 2 ), and the increase ratio of the effective light yield is 2(S 1 +S 2 )/L 2 .
  • the first optical image acquisition unit includes a first pixel unit
  • the second optical image acquisition unit includes a second pixel unit
  • the third optical image acquisition unit includes a first pixel unit.
  • the circuit routing in other regions of the first pixel unit, the second pixel unit, and the third pixel unit other than the photosensor area can be designed to make the third pixel The unit partially overlaps the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit.
  • the wiring of the reading circuit and other auxiliary circuits in the pixel unit can be designed so that the side of the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit close to the third pixel unit reserves a certain blank area to make Part of the area of the third pixel unit can be set in the blank area without affecting the functions of the reading circuit and other auxiliary circuits in the first pixel unit and the second pixel unit.
  • the microlens and the corresponding photoelectric sensor are co-centered.
  • the co-center does not limit the two on the same plane, but In other words, from the top view, the two are co-centric.
  • the microlens can be the circumscribed circle of the photoelectric sensor, and the optical sensor can be the inscribed square of the microlens.
  • the microlens may be various lenses with a convergence function.
  • the material of the microlens may be an organic material, such as resin.
  • the photoelectric sensor is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals.
  • the photoelectric sensor may use a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) device, which is a semiconductor device composed of a PN junction and has unidirectional conductivity characteristics.
  • CMOS complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • the optical image acquisition unit may further include:
  • the filter layer is arranged in the optical path between the microlens and the photoelectric sensor, and is used to filter out the light signal of the non-target waveband and transmit the light signal of the target waveband (that is, the light signal of the required waveband for optical image collection) .
  • any dielectric layer in the middle of the optical path can be coated to form a filter layer.
  • the transmittance of the filter layer to the light of the target wavelength band is ⁇ 80%
  • the cut-off rate of the light of the non-target wavelength band is ⁇ 80%.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an optical image acquisition system according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical image acquisition system includes an array composed of a plurality of optical image acquisition units arranged in non-alignment as described above.
  • each optical image acquisition unit 300 corresponds to a pixel of the acquired image, and the optical image acquisition system obtains the acquired image through an array of multiple optical image acquisition units 300.
  • the optical image acquisition system may be arranged under the display screen 910.
  • the optical image acquisition system may be a biometric recognition system or a camera system, for example, an under-screen optical fingerprint recognition system or an under-screen hidden camera system.
  • the optical image acquisition system may further include:
  • the filter 920 is arranged above the array composed of a plurality of the optical image acquisition units 300, and is used to filter out the optical signals in the non-target wavelength band and transmit the optical signals in the target wavelength band.
  • the structure of the display screen can perform angular screening of incident light.
  • the display screen 910 has a certain aspect ratio structure, and forms an angle filter for incident light, such as making the incident angle less than 60 degrees.
  • the optical image acquisition system may further include:
  • the light incident angle screening unit 930 is disposed above the array formed by the optical image acquisition unit 300, and is used to transmit light within a specific incident angle range and block light outside the specific incident angle range.
  • the optical image acquisition system may further include a supporting structure for supporting the optical image acquisition system, and corresponding processing chips, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, which may include a display screen and the optical image acquisition system of the foregoing embodiment of the application, wherein the optical image acquisition system is disposed under the display screen.
  • the electronic device can be any electronic device with a display screen.
  • a display screen please refer to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 for related implementations in the display screen 120, such as an OLED display screen or other display screens.
  • OLED display screen or other display screens.
  • the display screen may specifically be a self-luminous display (such as an OLED display), and it includes a plurality of self-luminous display units (such as an OLED pixel or an OLED light source).
  • the optical image acquisition system is a biometric recognition system
  • part of the self-luminous display unit in the display screen can be used as an excitation light source for the biometric recognition system to perform biometric recognition, and is used to direct the biometric detection area to the Transmit light signals for biometric detection.
  • the units can be implemented by electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of the two, in order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software.
  • the composition and steps of each example have been described generally in terms of function. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and design constraints. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to realize the described functions, but such realization should not be considered as going beyond the scope of this application.
  • the disclosed system and device may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical, or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software function unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or part of the contribution to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium
  • several instructions are included to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

一种光学图像采集系统（200）和电子设备（10），该光学图像采集系统（200）包括：多个光学图像采集单元，每个光学图像采集单元包括光电传感器（202）和设置在所述光电传感器（202）上方的微透镜（203），所述微透镜（203）用于将来自所述微透镜（203）上方的光信号汇聚到所述光电传感器（202）；其中，所述多个光学图像采集单元包括两两相邻的第一光学图像采集单元、第二光学图像采集单元和第三光学图像采集单元，所述第一光学图像采集单元、所述第二光学图像采集单元和所述第三光学图像采集单元的光电传感器（202）的中心的连线构成锐角三角形。

Description

光学图像采集系统和电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及信息技术领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种光学图像采集系统和电子设备。
背景技术
随着终端行业的高速发展，生物识别技术越来越受到人们重视，更加便捷的屏下生物特征识别技术，例如屏下指纹识别技术的实用化已成为大众所需。
在一种实现方式中，屏下生物特征识别技术可以通过微透镜来实现，具体地，通过微透镜将从手指表面反射或散射回来的光信号导引至光学传感器的感光区域中，进而实现屏下生物特征识别。但是，受微透镜的加工工艺的限制，相邻的微透镜之间的间距必须大于或等于加工工艺所要求的最小间距，这就使得单位面积中可接收光信号的感光区域的面积降低，进而影响指纹识别率。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种光学图像采集系统和电子设备，能够提升单位面积中可接收光信号的感光区域的面积。
第一方面，提供了一种光学图像采集系统，包括：
多个光学图像采集单元，每个光学图像采集单元包括光电传感器和设置在所述光电传感器上方的微透镜，所述微透镜用于将来自所述微透镜上方的光信号汇聚到所述光电传感器；
其中，所述多个光学图像采集单元包括两两相邻的第一光学图像采集单元、第二光学图像采集单元和第三光学图像采集单元，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一光电传感器，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二光电传感器，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三光电传感器，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成锐角三角形。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成正三角形。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光电传感器对应一个像素单元，所述正三角形的边长等于所述像素单元的边长，其中，所述像素单元为正方形。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一像素单元，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二像素单元，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三像素单元；
其中，所述第一光电传感器设置在所述第一像素单元的局部区域，所述第二光电传感器设置在所述第二像素单元的局部区域，所述第三光电传感器设置在所述第三像素单元的局部区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元相邻但不重叠，所述第三像素单元的部分区域分别与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。
在一些可能的实现方式中，通过设计所述第一像素单元、所述第二像素单元和所述第三像素单元中非感应区域的电路走线，以使所述第三像素单元与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。
在一些可能的实现方式中，通过设计所述第一像素单元、所述第二像素单元和所述第三像素单元中的非感应区域的电路走线，以使所述第三像素单元设置在所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元中所预留的空白区域中。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一微透镜，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二微透镜，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三微透镜，所述第一微透镜、所述第二微透镜和所述第三微透镜两两之间的间距大于或等于第一阈值。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学图像采集单元中微透镜的中心和对应的光电传感器的中心的连线垂直于所述光电传感器所在平面。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光电传感器检测的光信号用于形成采集图像的一个像素，所述多个光学图像采集单元中的光点传感器检测的光信号用于形成一副图像。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学图像采集单元还包括：
滤波层，设置于所述微透镜到所述光电传感器之间的光路中，用于滤掉非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学图像采集系统为生物特征识别系统或摄像头系统。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述微透镜的材料为有机材料。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学图像采集系统还包括：
支撑结构件，用于支撑所述光学图像采集系统。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光电传感器对于蓝光、绿光、红光或红外光的光灵敏度大于第一预定阈值，量子效率大于第二预定阈值。
第二方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括：显示屏以及第一方面或第一方面的任意可能的实现方式中的光学图像采集系统，其中，所述光学图像采集系统设置于所述显示屏下方。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述显示屏为有机发光二极管显示屏，所述显示屏的发光层包括多个有机发光二极管光源，其中，在所述光学图像采集系统为生物特征识别系统时，所述生物特征识别系统采用至少部分有机发光二极管光源作为生物特征识别的激励光源。
附图说明
图1是本申请可以适用的电子设备的平面示意图。
图2是图1所示的电子设备沿A’-A’的部分剖面示意图。
图3是像素单元的一种典型的排布方式的示意图。
图4是根据本申请一实施例的光学图像采集单元的排布方式的示意图。
图5是根据本申请另一实施例的光学图像采集单元的排布方式的示意图。
图6是根据本申请再一实施例的光学图像采集单元的排布方式的示意图。
图7是根据本申请实施例的光学图像采集单元的排布方式的增加的感光面积的示意图。
图8是本申请另一实施例的光学图像采集系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种电子设备，例如智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、游戏设备等便携式或移动计算设备，以及电子数据库、汽车、银行自动柜员机(Automated Teller Machine，ATM)等其他电子设备， 但本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以用于屏下光学图像采集，例如，屏下生物特征识别或者屏下隐藏式摄像头功能等，其中，生物特征识别除了指纹识别外，还可以为其他生物特征识别，例如，活体识别等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。为了便于理解本申请实施例的技术方案，下面首先对屏下生物特征识别技术进行介绍。
图1和图2示出了屏下生物特征识别技术可以适用的电子设备10的示意图，其中，图1为电子设备10的正面示意图，图2为图1所示的电子设备10沿A’-A’的部分剖面结构示意图。
如图1和图2所示，所述电子设备10包括显示屏120和生物特征识别装置130，其中，所述生物特征识别装置130设置在所述显示屏120下方的局部区域，例如，显示屏中间区域的下方。所述生物特征识别装置130可以具体为光学生物特征识别装置，比如光学指纹装置，其主要用于采集用户的生物特征信息(比如指纹图像信息)，以用于生物特征识别。所述光学指纹装置包括具有多个像素单元的感应阵列，所述感应阵列所在区域或者其感应区域为所述生物特征识别装置130的生物特征采集区域103。如图1所示，所述生物特征采集区域103位于所述显示屏120的显示区域之中。
应当理解，所述指纹检测区域103的面积可以与所述光学指纹装置130的感应阵列的面积不同，例如通过例如透镜成像的光路设计、反射式折叠光路设计或者其他光线汇聚或者反射等光路设计，可以使得所述光学指纹装置130的指纹检测区域103的面积大于所述光学指纹装置130感应阵列的面积。
因此，用户在需要对所述电子设备10进行解锁或者其他生物特征验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于所述显示屏120的生物特征采集区域103，便可以实现生物特征输入操作。由于生物特征采集检测可以在所述显示屏120的显示区域内部实现，采用上述结构的电子设备10无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，因而可以采用全面屏方案。因此，所述显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到所述电子设备10的整个正面
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图2所示，所述生物特征识别装置130包括光检测部分134和光学组件132，所述光检测部分134包括感应阵列以及与所述感应阵列电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以在通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(Die)，比如光学成像芯片或者光学指纹传感器，所述感 应阵列具体为光探测器(Photo Detector，PD)阵列，其包括多个呈阵列式分布的光探测器；所述光学组件132可以设置在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列的上方，例如，设置在光探测器的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(Filter)、导光层或光路引导结构以及其他光学元件，所述滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而所述导光层或光路引导结构主要用于从手指表面反射回来的反射光导引至所述感应阵列进行光学检测。
在具体实现上，所述光学组件132可以与所述光检测部分134封装在同一个生物特征识别部件。比如，所述光学组件132可以与所述光学检测部分134封装在同一个生物特征识别芯片，也可以将所述光学组件132设置在所述光检测部分134所在的芯片外部，比如将所述光学组件132贴合在所述芯片上方，或者将所述光学组件132的部分元件集成在上述芯片之中。
作为一个实施例，所述导光层或者光路引导结构可以具体采用微透镜(Micro-Lens)层，所述微透镜层具有由多个微透镜形成的微透镜阵列，其可以通过半导体生长工艺或者其他工艺形成在所述光检测部分134的感应阵列上方，并且每一个微透镜可以分别对应于所述感应阵列的其中一个感应单元。
此外，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以形成其他光学膜层，比如介质层或者钝化层，更具体地，所述微透镜层和所述感应单元之间还可以包括具有微孔的挡光层，其中所述微孔形成在其对应的微透镜和感应单元之间，所述挡光层可以阻挡相邻微透镜和感应单元之间的光学干扰，并使得所述感应单元所对应的光线通过所述微透镜汇聚到所述微孔内部并经由所述微孔传输到所述感应单元以进行生物特征成像。
作为一种可选的实施例，所述显示屏120可以采用具有自发光显示单元的显示屏，比如有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏或者微型发光二极管(Micro-LED)显示屏。以采用OLED显示屏为例，所述生物特征识别装置130可以利用所述OLED显示屏120位于所述生物特征采集区域103的显示单元(即OLED光源)来作为生物特征检测的激励光源。
以指纹检测为例，例如，当手指按压在所述生物特征采集区域103时，显示屏120向所述生物特征采集区域103上方的目标手指发出一束光，该光在手指的表面发生反射形成反射光或者经过所述手指内部散射而形成散射 光，在相关专利申请中，为便于描述，上述反射光和散射光统称为反射光。由于指纹的嵴(ridge)与峪(vally)对于光的反射能力不同，因此，来自指纹嵴的反射光和来自指纹峪的反射光具有不同的光强，反射光经过光学组件132后，被生物特征识别装置130中的感应阵列所接收并转换为相应的电信号，即指纹检测信号；基于所述指纹检测信号便可以获得指纹图像数据，并且可以进一步进行指纹匹配验证，从而在所述电子设备10实现光学指纹识别功能。
在其他实施例中，所述生物特征识别装置130也可以采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行生物特征检测的光信号。在这种情况下，所述生物特征识别装置130可以适用于非自发光显示屏，比如液晶显示屏或者其他的被动发光显示屏。以应用在具有背光模组和液晶面板的液晶显示屏为例，为支持液晶显示屏的屏下生物特征检测，所述电子设备10的生物特征识别装置还可以包括用于生物特征检测的激励光源，所述激励光源可以具体为红外光源或者特定波长非可见光的光源，其可以设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组下方或者设置在所述电子设备10的保护盖板下方的边缘区域，而所述生物特征识别装置130可以设置液晶面板或者保护盖板的边缘区域下方并通过光路引导以使得生物特征检测光可以到达所述生物特征识别装置130；或者，所述生物特征识别装置130也可以设置在所述背光模组下方，且所述背光模组通过对扩散片、增亮片、反射片等膜层进行开孔或者其他光学设计以允许生物特征检测光穿过液晶面板和背光模组并到达所述生物特征识别装置130。在其他替代实现方式中，所述显示屏120也可以采用非自发光的显示屏，比如采用背光的液晶显示屏；在这种情况下，所述光学检测装置130便无法采用所述显示屏120的显示单元作为激励光源，因此需要在所述光学检测装置130内部集成激励光源或者在其外部设置激励光源来实现光学指纹检测，当采用所述生物特征识别装置130采用内置光源或者外置光源来提供用于进行指纹检测的光信号时，其检测原理与上面描述内容是一致的。
应当理解的是，在具体实现上，所述电子设备10还包括透明保护盖板110，所述盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于所述显示屏120的上方并覆盖所述电子设备10的正面。因为，本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在所述显示屏120实际上是指按压在所述显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖所述盖板的保护层表面。
在某些实施例中，所述生物特征识别模组130可以具体为光学生物特征识别装置，比如光学指纹装置，此情况下，所述生物特征识别装置130可以仅包括一个光学指纹传感器，此时生物特征识别装置130的生物特征采集区域103的面积较小且位置固定，因此用户在进行指纹输入时需要将手指按压到所述生物特征采集区域103的特定位置，否则生物特征识别装置130可能无法采集到指纹图像而造成用户体验不佳。在其他替代实施例中，所述生物特征识别装置130可以具体包括多个光学指纹传感器；所述多个光学指纹传感器可以通过拼接方式并排设置在所述显示屏120的下方，且所述多个光学指纹传感器的感应区域共同构成所述生物特征识别装置130的生物特征采集区域103。也即是说，所述生物特征识别装置130的生物特征采集区域103可以包括多个子区域，每个子区域分别对应于其中一个光学指纹传感器的感应区域，从而将所述光学指纹模组130的指纹采集区域103可以扩展到所述显示屏的下半部分的主要区域，即扩展到手指惯常按压区域，从而实现盲按式指纹输入操作。可替代地，当所述光学指纹传感器数量足够时，所述指纹检测区域130还可以扩展到半个显示区域甚至整个显示区域，从而实现半屏或者全屏指纹检测。
在一些实施例中，该生物特征识别装置130可以包括光学图像采集系统，所述光学图像采集系统可以包括多个光学图像采集单元，当所述光学组件采用微透镜来实现时，所述光学图像采集单元可以包括一个像素单元(pixel cell)和设置在所述像素单元上方的微透镜，所述多个光学图像采集单元中的像素单元的阵列可以构成于所述光检测部分134，具体地，每个像素单元中可以包括一个光探测器PD，该PD设置在该像素单元的局部区域中，该像素单元中的其他区域可以用于设置与所述PD电性连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，该多个光学图像采集单元中的PD可以构成前文所述的感应阵列，在具体实现中，该微透镜设置在像素单元上方可以具体为微透镜设置在像素单元中的PD的上方。
图3为此情况下的一种典型的排布方式的示意图，如图3所示，每个像素单元101可以包括一个光电传感器102，对应于前文所述的PD，该光电传感器102设置在该像素单元101中的局部区域，该像素单元101中的其他区域可以用于设置PD的读取电路或其他辅助电路。在该光电传感器102的上方设置有微微透镜103，用于将从用户手指反射形成的反射光信号汇聚到该 光电传感器102。像素单元101通常为边长为L的正方形，并且像素单元101之间是对齐排列的，相应地，光电传感器102和微透镜103也是对齐排列的，受微透镜的加工工艺的限制，相邻的微透镜之间的间距必须大于或等于最小间距d，由于微透镜之外的区域是不透光的，这就导致单位面积内的可接收光信号的有效面积较低，影响指纹识别性能。比如，对于图3所示的排布方式来说，单位面积中有效接收光信号的感光面积的占比，即单位面积的收光率ε 1为：
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000001
假设d＝0.1L，则ε 1近似仅为63.62％。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种光学图像采集系统，采用非对齐方式排布(即错位排布)像素单元，此情况下，微透镜之间的间距由原来的平行于像素单元的特定边的方向上的间距转换为与像素单元的特定边呈一定角度的方向上的间距，换句话说，相当于将相邻的像素单元排布至本光像素单元中，从而能够提升单位面积中可接收光信号的有效面积。
图4示出了本申请一个实施例的光学图像采集系统200的示意图。应理解，图4是该光学图像采集系统200的俯视图，在三维结构中，微透镜是设置在像素单元上方的，如图8所示。
如图4所示，该光学图像采集系统200可以包括多个光学图像采集单元。每个光学图像采集单元可以包括光电传感器202和设置在所述光电传感器202上方的微透镜203，所述微透镜203用于将来自微透镜203上方的光信号汇聚到所述光电传感器202。
具体地，多个光学图像采集单元可以包括多个像素单元，如图4所示的像素单元210～230，光电传感器设置该像素单元的局部区域中，例如，像素单元220中设置有光电传感器202，该光电传感器可以对应于前文所述的感应单元(或感应阵列)中的光探测器PD，该多个像素单元中的光电传感器构成的阵列可以对应于前文所述的感应阵列，一个像素单元中除所述光电传感器所在区域外的其他区域中可以设置用于与光电传感器电性连接的读取电路以及其他辅助电路。
在本申请实施例中，光电传感器202可以检测到来自微透镜203上方对应区域的光信号，进而可以根据光信号的光强获取像素值。光电传感器202 检测的光信号可以用于形成采集图像的一个像素，该像素表示该光学图像采集单元上方对应区域的特征值。也就是说，一个光学图像采集单元采集的信号形成图像的一个像素，这样，通过多个光学图像采集单元采集的信号可以得到一副图像。
在本申请实施例中，光学图像采集单元之间是非对齐设置的，或者说，像素单元之间是非对齐设置的，例如，如图4所示，像素单元220和像素单元230非对齐设置，或者说，错开设置。
作为一种可选的实现方式，可以将相邻行之间的光电传感器沿X轴错开设置，这样，行与行相邻的像素单元中的光电传感器的中心的连线由原来的平行于Y轴转变为与Y轴形成一定的夹角(具体为锐角)。例如，如图4所示，可以将像素单元230向X轴的正方向呈锐角的方向向像素单元220移动一定距离，同时保证像素单元230和像素单元210以及像素单元220对应的微透镜的间距大于或等于最小间距d，这样，微透镜之间的间距由原来的沿Y轴方向上的最小间距d转变为与Y轴呈一定夹角的最小间距d，在间距相同的情况下，相对于拉近了相邻的像素单元的中心之间的距离，也就是相对于增加了单位面积中的感光面积。
作为另一种可选的实现方式，可以将相邻列之间的光电传感器沿Y轴错开设置，这样，列与列相邻的像素单元的光电传感器的中心的连线由原来的平行于X轴转变为与X轴形成一定的夹角(具体为锐角)。例如，如图5所示，可以将像素单元230向Y轴的正方向呈锐角的方向向像素单元220移动一定距离，同时保证像素单元230和像素单元210以及像素单元220中的微透镜的间距大于或等于最小间距d，这样，微透镜之间的间距由原来的沿X轴方向上的间距转变为与X轴呈一定夹角的间距，在间距相同的情况下，相对于拉近了相邻的像素单元的中心之间的距离，也就是相对于增加了单位面积中的感光面积。
对比图3至图5可以看出，在图3所示的对齐排布方式中，在相邻的光学图像采集单元中，微透镜之间的间距为平行于X轴或Y轴的方向上的间距；在非对齐排布方式中，微透镜之间的间距转换为与X轴或Y轴方向呈一定角度的方向上的间距，这就相当于拉近了相邻的像素单元中心之间的距离，或者也可以理解为将相邻的像素单元的部分感光区域设置到本像素单元中，提升了单位面积中可接收光信号的有效面积。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述多个光学图像采集单元包括第一光学图像采集单元、第二光学图像采集单元和第三光学图像采集单元，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一光电传感器，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二光电传感器，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三光电传感器，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成锐角三角形。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，只要将相邻的像素单元沿X轴和/或Y轴错开设置，移动一定的距离，同时保证相邻的光学图像采集单元中的微透镜之间的间距大于或小于最小间距d，都可以将微透镜之间原来的沿X轴或Y轴方向(即直角边)上的间距转换为斜边方向上的间距，从而可以起到增加单位面积内的感光面积的作用，本申请实施例对于具体的排布方式不作限定。
在一个具体实施例中，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成正三角形。如图6所示，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一光电传感器212和设置在所述第一光电传感器212上方的第一微透镜213，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二光电传感器222和设置在所述第二光电传感器222上方的第二微透镜223，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三光电传感器232和设置在所述第三光电传感器232上方的第三微透镜233。
其中，所述第一光电传感器212、所述第二光电传感器222和所述第三光电传感器232的中心的连线构成正三角形，其中，所述正三角形的边长为像素单元210、像素单元220和像素单元230的边长L。
此排布方式下，结合图7，说明单位面积中有效收光率。
当相邻的三个光电传感器的中心连线为正三角形时，相邻的两个光电传感器的中心之间的间距为L，该L为像素单元的边长，以图7中的正方形240为单位面积，确定有效收光率。对比图3和图7可知，相对于对齐排布方式，采用非对齐方式排布方式时，正方形240中所增加的感光面积为图7中斜线部分的面积，包括两个直角三角形242和两个锐角扇形241。
其中，该直角三角形242的短边的长度为
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000002
直角三角形242的斜边长度为微透镜的半径，即
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000003
由此可得，直角三角形短边与斜边之间的夹角θ可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000004
进一步可以确定直角三角形的长边为：
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000005
则，直角三角形242的面积S 1为：
Figure PCTCN2019071825-appb-000006
进一步确定锐角扇形241的面积，其中，锐角扇形的夹角为：90°-θ，半径为微透镜的半径，则锐角扇形的面积为：
S 2＝π*((L-d)/2) 2*(90°-θ)/360°    公式(3)
从而可以确定单位面积内感光面积的增加量为2(S 1+S 2)，则有效收光率的增比为2(S 1+S 2)/L 2。
在一个具体情况中，例如当d＝0.1*L时，带入公式(1)可得θ＝72.68°，把θ分别带入公式(2)式和公式(3)可得：直角三角形242的面积S 1＝0.0288*L 2，锐角扇形241的面积S 2＝0.0308*L 2，则单位面积中感光面积的增加量为：2(S 1+S 2)＝0.1192*L 2，即相对于对齐排布方式，采用非对齐排布方式，单位面积内有效收光率提升了11.92％，可达75.54％。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一像素单元，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二像素单元，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三像素单元，其中，所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元相邻但不重叠，所述第三像素单元分别与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。也就是说，与对齐排布方式相比，相对于将第三像素单元的部分感光区域移动至第一像素单元和第二像素单元所在的区域中，这样，相对于增加了第一像素单元和第二像素单元中的感光面积，也就相对于提升了单位面积中的感光面积。
在具体实现中，可以通过设计所述第一像素单元、所述第二像素单元和所述第三像素单元中除光电传感器区域以外的其他区域中的电路走线，以使所述第三像素单元与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。
换句话说，可以设计像素单元中的读取电路和其他辅助电路的走线，使得第一像素单元和第二像素单元中靠近第三像素单元的一侧，预留一定的空白区域，以使第三像素单元的部分区域可以设置该空白区域中，而不影响第一像素单元和第二像素单元中的读取电路和其他辅助电路的功能。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，如图4和图5所示，微透镜和对应的光电传感器共中心，应理解，这里的共中心并不是限定二者处于同一平面上，而是说，从俯视图上来看，二者是共中心的，具体地，微透镜可以为光电传感器的外接圆，光学传感器可以为微透镜的内接正方形。
在本申请实施例中，微透镜可以是各种具有汇聚功能的镜头。可选地，所述微透镜的材料可以为有机材料，例如树脂。
在本申请实施例中，所述光电传感器用于将光信号转换为电信号。在某些实施例中，所述光电传感器可以采用互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)器件，由一个PN结组成的半导体器件，具有单方向导电特性。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述光学图像采集单元还可以包括：
滤波层，设置于所述微透镜到所述光电传感器之间的光路中，用于滤掉非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号(即光学图像采集所需波段的光信号)。
例如，可以在光路中间的任意介质层镀膜，形成滤波层。可选地，滤波层对目标波段的光的透过率≥80％，对非目标波段的光的截止率≥80％。
图8示出了本申请另一个实施例的光学图像采集系统的示意图。如图8所示，光学图像采集系统包括如前文中非对齐排列的多个光学图像采集单元组成的阵列。
在光学图像采集系统中，每个光学图像采集单元300对应采集图像的一个像素，光学图像采集系统通过多个光学图像采集单元300的阵列得到所采集的图像。可选地，所述光学图像采集系统可以设置于显示屏910的下方。
在一些实施例中，所述光学图像采集系统可以为生物特征识别系统或摄像头系统等，例如，屏下光学指纹识别系统或者屏下隐藏式摄像头系统等。
可选地，如图8所示，所述光学图像采集系统还可以包括：
滤波片920，设置于多个所述光学图像采集单元300组成的阵列的上方，用于滤掉非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
在光学图像采集系统设置于显示屏下方时，显示屏自身的结构可以对入射的光进行角度筛选。
例如，如图8所示，显示屏910具有一定的深宽比结构，对入射光形成一道角度筛选，如让入射角小于60度。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述光学图像采集系统还可以包括：
光入射角度筛选单元930，设置于所述光学图像采集单元300组成的阵列上方，用于透过特定入射角度范围的光，阻挡所述特定入射角度范围外的光。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，所述光学图像采集系统还可以包括用于支撑所述光学图像采集系统的支撑结构件，以及相应的处理芯片等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括显示屏以及上述本申请实施例的光学图像采集系统，其中，所述光学图像采集系统设置于所述显示屏下方。
该电子设备可以为任何具有显示屏的电子设备。该显示屏可以参考图1或图2关于显示屏120中的相关实现方式，例如OLED显示屏或其他显示屏等，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
可选地，在本申请一个实施例中，所述显示屏可以具体为自发光显示屏(比如OLED显示屏)，且其包括多个自发光显示单元(比如OLED像素或者OLED光源)。在所述光学图像采集系统为生物特征识别系统时，所述显示屏中的部分自发光显示单元可以作为所述生物特征识别系统进行生物特征识别的激励光源，用于向所述生物特征检测区域发射光信号，以用于生物特征检测。
应理解，本申请实施例中的具体的例子只是为了帮助本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例，而非限制本申请实施例的范围。
应理解，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请实施例。例如，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“上述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的 范围。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，包括：
    多个光学图像采集单元，每个光学图像采集单元包括光电传感器和设置在所述光电传感器上方的微透镜，所述微透镜用于将来自所述微透镜上方的光信号汇聚到所述光电传感器；
    其中，所述多个光学图像采集单元包括两两相邻的第一光学图像采集单元、第二光学图像采集单元和第三光学图像采集单元，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一光电传感器，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二光电传感器，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三光电传感器，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成锐角三角形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述第一光电传感器，所述第二光电传感器和所述第三光电传感器的中心的连线构成正三角形。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一像素单元，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二像素单元，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三像素单元；
    其中，所述第一光电传感器设置在所述第一像素单元的局部区域，所述第二光电传感器设置在所述第二像素单元的局部区域，所述第三光电传感器设置在所述第三像素单元的局部区域。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元相邻但不重叠，所述第三像素单元的部分区域分别与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，通过设计所述第一像素单元、所述第二像素单元和所述第三像素单元中非感应区域的电路走线，以使所述第三像素单元与所述第一像素单元和所述第二像素单元部分重叠。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述第一光学图像采集单元包括第一微透镜，所述第二光学图像采集单元包括第二微透镜，所述第三光学图像采集单元包括第三微透镜，所述第一微透镜、所述第二微透镜和所述第三微透镜两两之间的间距大于或等于第一阈值。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述光学图像采集单元中微透镜的中心和对应的光电传感器的中心的连线垂直于所述光电传感器所在平面。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述光电传感器检测的光信号用于形成采集图像的一个像素，所述多个光学图像采集单元中的光点传感器检测的光信号用于形成一副图像。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述光学图像采集单元还包括：
    滤波层，设置于所述微透镜到所述光电传感器之间的光路中，用于滤掉非目标波段的光信号，透过目标波段的光信号。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其特征在于，所述光学图像采集系统为生物特征识别系统或摄像头系统。
  11. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：显示屏以及
    根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的光学图像采集系统，其中，所述光学图像采集系统设置于所述显示屏下方。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述显示屏为有机发光二极管显示屏，所述显示屏的发光层包括多个有机发光二极管光源，其中，在所述光学图像采集系统为生物特征识别系统时，所述生物特征识别系统采用至少部分有机发光二极管光源作为生物特征识别的激励光源。
PCT/CN2019/071825 2019-01-15 2019-01-15 光学图像采集系统和电子设备 Ceased WO2020147018A1 (zh)

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