WO2020145162A1 - 組成物、及び、その組成物からなる潤滑被膜層を備える管用ねじ継手 - Google Patents
組成物、及び、その組成物からなる潤滑被膜層を備える管用ねじ継手 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020145162A1 WO2020145162A1 PCT/JP2019/050986 JP2019050986W WO2020145162A1 WO 2020145162 A1 WO2020145162 A1 WO 2020145162A1 JP 2019050986 W JP2019050986 W JP 2019050986W WO 2020145162 A1 WO2020145162 A1 WO 2020145162A1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
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- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L57/00—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear
- F16L57/06—Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear against wear
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- C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
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- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a composition and a pipe threaded joint provided with a lubricating coating layer made of the composition.
- Oil well pipes are used for mining oil fields and natural gas fields.
- the oil well pipe is formed by connecting a plurality of steel pipes according to the depth of the well.
- the steel pipes are connected by screwing together threaded joints for pipes formed at the ends of the steel pipes.
- a typical pipe threaded joint used for fastening oil well pipes is a pin-box structure composed of a member called a pin and a member called a box.
- the pin includes a pin side threaded portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the end portion of the steel pipe.
- the pin may further include a pin side metal seal portion and a pin side shoulder portion.
- the box includes a box-side threaded portion formed on the inner peripheral surface of the end of the steel pipe.
- the box may further include a box-side metal seal portion and a box-side shoulder portion.
- a viscous liquid lubricant grey lubricating oil
- compound grease a viscous liquid lubricant containing heavy metal powder
- the compound grease is applied to the contact surface of the threaded joint (that is, the threaded portion, or, if the pipe threaded joint has a metal seal portion and a shoulder portion, the screw portion, the metal seal portion and the shoulder portion).
- An example of compound grease is described in API standard BUL 5A2.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 2009/057754 (Patent Document 1) and International Publication No. 2014/024755 (Patent Document 2) include a lubricating coating layer that does not contain heavy metals that may affect the environment and that has excellent seizure resistance.
- a composition for forming is proposed.
- a composition for forming a lubricating coating on a threaded joint for pipes described in Patent Document 1 contains one or both of rosin and calcium fluoride, a metal soap, a wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt. .. Since this lubricating film-forming composition does not substantially contain harmful heavy metals such as lead, the load on the global environment is extremely small. In addition, the lubricating coating formed from this composition also has excellent rust-preventing properties, and suppresses the generation of rust during storage of the threaded joint for pipes. Therefore, Patent Document 1 describes that the threaded joint for pipes continuously exhibits a lubricating function even after repeated tightening and loosening, and can secure airtightness after tightening.
- a composition for forming a lubricating coating on a threaded joint for pipes which is described in Patent Document 2, includes melamine cyanurate, a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt, a pine resin-based substance, a wax, a metal soap, and lubrication. And one or more kinds selected from natural powders. If a lubricating film is formed using this composition, the threaded joint for pipes will be prevented from rusting and will continue to exhibit its lubricating function even after repeated tightening and loosening, and ensure airtightness after tightening. It is described in Patent Document 2 that this can be done.
- fastening torque the torque at the time of completion of fastening
- the surface pressure between the screws becomes high.
- the fastening torque can be easily adjusted if the torque is stably increased without seizure. Therefore, the threaded joint for pipes is required to have the ability to stably increase the torque even when the surface pressure is high.
- this performance is referred to as high torque performance.
- high torque performance is the torque increase immediately after shouldering in the region where the rotational speed is higher than the shouldering torque in the torque chart showing the relationship between the rotational speed and torque of the steel pipe when screwed. It is defined as the performance of maintaining rate.
- torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ In the case of a pipe threaded joint having a shoulder, it can be expressed as torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′.
- the torque generated at this time is called shouldering torque.
- shouldering torque When tightening the threaded joint for pipes, after reaching the shouldering torque, further tightening is performed until the tightening is completed. Thereby, the airtightness of the threaded joint for pipes is enhanced.
- yield torque The torque generated at this time is called yield torque.
- the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ means a difference between the shouldering torque and the yield torque.
- composition disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 can also form a lubricating film that improves seizure resistance and facilitates adjustment of fastening torque.
- it is preferable that excellent seizure resistance and high torque performance can be obtained by using other compositions and lubricating coatings.
- An object of the present disclosure is to provide a composition for obtaining a threaded joint for pipes having excellent seizure resistance and excellent high torque performance, and a lubricating coating layer formed from the composition, which has excellent seizure resistance and excellent
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a pipe threaded joint having high torque performance.
- the composition according to the present disclosure is a composition for forming a lubricating coating layer on a threaded joint for pipes, and contains polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt.
- a threaded joint for pipes according to the present disclosure includes a pin having a pin side contact surface including a pin side thread portion, a box having a box side contact surface including a box side thread portion, and at least a pin side contact surface and a box side contact surface.
- a lubricating coating layer made of the above composition is provided as the outermost layer.
- the pipe threaded joint according to the present disclosure includes, as an outermost layer, a lubricating coating layer containing polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt. Therefore, the pipe threaded joint according to the present disclosure has excellent seizure resistance even after repeated fastening. The pipe threaded joint according to the present disclosure further has excellent high torque performance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotational speed and a torque of a steel pipe when a pipe threaded joint having a shoulder portion is screwed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of a Falex test using the compositions of Test No. 9 and Test No. 11 in the examples.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer and the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value).
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer and seizure resistance.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotational speed and a torque of a steel pipe when a pipe threaded joint having a shoulder portion is screwed.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of a Falex test using the compositions of Test No. 9 and Test No. 11 in the
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a coupling type threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an integral type threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a threaded joint for pipes.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of a pipe threaded joint having no metal seal portion and no shoulder portion according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe threaded joint according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view of a threaded joint for pipes according to another embodiment, which is different from FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a threaded joint for pipes according to another embodiment, which is different from FIGS. 9 and 10.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ in the embodiment.
- the present inventors conducted various studies on the relationship between the composition for forming the lubricating coating layer of the threaded joint for pipes and the seizure resistance and high torque performance of the threaded joint for pipes. As a result, the following findings were obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a rotational speed and a torque of a steel pipe when a pipe threaded joint having a shoulder portion is screwed.
- FIG. 1 is also called a torque chart.
- the torque increases in proportion to the rotation speed. At this time, the rate of increase in torque is low. If the screws are further tightened, the shoulders will come into contact with each other. The torque at this time is called shouldering torque. If the screwing is further tightened after reaching the shouldering torque, the torque rises again in proportion to the rotation speed. The rate of increase in torque at this time is higher than that before reaching the shouldering torque.
- fastening torque screw tightening is completed.
- the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ which is the difference between the shouldering torque and the yield torque, is large, there is a margin in the fastening torque range. As a result, the tightening torque can be easily adjusted. Therefore, it is preferable that the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ is large.
- the shouldering torque and the yield torque generally have the same behavior. For example, as the friction coefficient of the lubricating coating layer increases, the yield torque also increases, but the shouldering torque also increases (referred to as high shouldering). As a result, even if a predetermined tightening torque is reached, the shoulder surface may not contact and tightening may not be completed (referred to as no shouldering). Conversely, when the friction coefficient of the lubricating coating layer is low, the shouldering torque is low, but the yield torque is also low. As a result, the shoulder portion or the seal portion may yield with a low tightening torque, and fastening with a high tightening torque may not be possible.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of a Falex test using the compositions shown in Test No. 9 and Test No. 11 in the examples.
- the Falex test is a test in which a rotating journal pin is sandwiched between two V-shaped blocks and the load applied to the blocks and the friction torque generated by applying the load are measured.
- a method for measuring the seizure load by the Falex test is specified in ASTM D 3233, for example.
- FIG. 2 shows that the journal pin surface is coated with the composition of Test No. 9 or Test No. 11 to rotate the journal pin, and the load applied to the block and the friction torque generated between the rotating journal pin and the V-shaped block. It is a line graph which shows the result of having measured and.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 2 represents the friction torque.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 2 represents the load applied to the block.
- the torque similarly rises regardless of whether the composition of Test No. 9 is used or the composition of Test No. 11 is used.
- the rate of increase in torque decreased when the load increased above a certain level. This means that when the load (contact pressure) applied to the metal seal portion and the shoulder portion sharply increases at the final stage of screw tightening in FIG. 1, the increase in torque is slow in the composition containing no polyisobutylene. To do. That is, in the region of the torque chart shown in FIG. 1 where the rotational speed is higher than the shouldering torque, the torque increase rate immediately after the shouldering cannot be maintained.
- the yield torque cannot be increased.
- the rate of increase in torque did not decrease even after the load increased above a certain level. This means that in the final stage of screw tightening in FIG. 1, the torque continues to increase even when the load (contact pressure) sharply increases. That is, in the region of the torque chart shown in FIG. 1 where the rotation speed is higher than the shouldering torque, the torque increase rate immediately after the shouldering is maintained. In this case, the yield torque can be increased.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer and the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value).
- FIG. 3 was obtained from the examples described below.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 3 represents the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value).
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 3 represents the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer.
- Each value of the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value) is calculated as a relative value with reference to the value of the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ when API standard dope is used instead of the lubricating coating layer as a reference (100). It is a numerical value.
- White circles ( ⁇ ) in FIG. 3 indicate torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value) of the example in which the lubricating coating layer is formed.
- the triangle mark ( ⁇ ) in FIG. 3 indicates the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (reference value, that is, 100) when API standard dope is used instead of the lubricating coating layer.
- the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value) was 60.
- the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ (relative value) was 115.
- the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ exceeded 100.
- the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ exceeds 100 also in the other examples if the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene. That is, if the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene, excellent high torque performance can be obtained.
- the inventors have further found that when the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene, seizure resistance equivalent to that of a conventional API dope or seizure resistance higher than that of a conventional API dope can be obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer and seizure resistance.
- FIG. 4 was obtained from the examples described below.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 4 indicates the number of times (times) the fastening can be performed without occurrence of irreversible seizure at the screw portion and seizure at the metal seal portion.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 4 represents the content (mass %) of polyisobutylene in the lubricating coating layer.
- the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene, the number of times screw tightening could be repeated without seizure was 10 times or more, which is equivalent to that of the conventional API dope. That is, if the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene, not only excellent high torque performance but also excellent seizure resistance can be obtained.
- the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene, not only excellent high torque performance but also excellent seizure resistance can be obtained.
- the detailed mechanism by which the lubricating coating layer contains polyisobutylene enhances the high torque performance and seizure resistance of the threaded joint for pipes has not been clarified.
- the present inventors consider as follows.
- Polyisobutylene is a semi-solid polymer at room temperature (about 25°C) and is considered to be easily dissolved in the wax contained in the lubricating coating layer. Further, polyisobutylene may be able to suppress the decrease in the viscosity of the wax even when the temperature rises when the threaded joint for pipes slides. As a result, it is considered that high torque performance of the threaded joint for pipes can be obtained. In this case, since the viscosity of the wax in the lubricating coating layer is retained, the thickness of the lubricating coating layer may be retained. As a result, it is considered that the seizure resistance is improved.
- composition of the present embodiment completed based on the above findings is a composition for forming a lubricating coating layer on a threaded joint for pipes, wherein polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and basic aromatic organic And an acid metal salt.
- composition of the present embodiment contains polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and basic aromatic organic acid metal salt. Therefore, the threaded joint for pipes provided with the lubricating coating layer made of this composition has excellent seizure resistance and excellent high torque performance.
- the composition has a polyisobutylene of 5 to 30% by mass, a metal soap of 2 to 30% by mass, and a wax of 2 to 30 when the total amount of nonvolatile components in the composition is 100% by mass.
- the above composition further contains a lubricating powder.
- the composition contains lubricating powder: 0.5 to 20% by mass.
- the lubricating powder is one or two selected from the group consisting of graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the above composition may further contain a volatile organic solvent.
- the threaded joint for pipes of the present embodiment has a pin having a pin side contact surface including a pin side thread portion, a box having a box side contact surface including a box side thread portion, and a pin side contact surface and a box side contact surface. At least one of them is provided with a lubricating coating layer made of the above composition as the outermost layer.
- a composition in which a pipe threaded joint contains polyisobutylene, a metal soap, a wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt as an outermost layer on at least one of the pin-side contact surface and the box-side contact surface. If the lubricating coating layer made of is provided, seizure resistance and high torque performance of the threaded joint for pipes are enhanced.
- the pipe threaded joint may be provided with the above-mentioned lubricating coating layer on the pin-side contact surface.
- the pipe threaded joint further comprises a plated layer between the pin side contact surface and the lubricating coating layer.
- the threaded joint for pipes further comprises a chemical conversion treatment coating between the lubricating coating layer and the plating layer.
- the contact surface on the pin side is a surface which has been subjected to one or two treatments selected from the group consisting of blasting and pickling, and the threaded joint for pipes
- the surface of the plating layer is a surface that has been subjected to one or two kinds of treatment selected from the group consisting of blasting and pickling.
- the threaded joint for pipes may be provided with the above-mentioned lubricating coating layer on the contact surface on the box side.
- the pipe threaded joint further includes a plating layer between the box-side contact surface and the lubricating coating layer.
- the threaded joint for pipes further comprises a chemical conversion treatment coating between the lubricating coating layer and the plating layer.
- the box-side contact surface is a surface that has been subjected to one or two kinds of treatment selected from the group consisting of blasting and pickling, and the pipe threaded joint
- the surface of the plating layer is a surface that has been subjected to one or two kinds of treatment selected from the group consisting of blasting and pickling.
- the pin side contact surface of the pipe threaded joint further includes a pin side metal seal portion and a pin side shoulder portion
- the box side contact surface further includes a box side metal seal portion and a box side shoulder portion
- composition according to the present embodiment and the threaded joint for pipes provided with the lubricating coating layer formed from the composition will be described in detail.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a coupling type threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment.
- the pipe threaded joint includes a steel pipe 1 and a coupling 2.
- pins 3 having pin side threaded portions on the outer surface are formed.
- a box 4 having a box side screw portion on the inner surface is formed.
- the coupling 2 is attached to the end of the steel pipe 1 by screwing the pin 3 and the box 4 together.
- a protector may be attached to the pin 3 of the steel pipe 1 and the box 4 of the coupling 2 to which the mating members are not attached, in order to protect the respective screw portions.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an integral type threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment.
- the pipe threaded joint includes a steel pipe 1.
- a pin 3 having a pin side threaded portion on the outer surface is formed at one end of the steel pipe 1.
- a box 4 having a box side threaded portion on its inner surface is formed.
- the steel pipes 1 can be connected to each other by screwing the pin 3 and the box 4 together.
- the threaded joint for pipes of the present embodiment can be used for both threaded couplings for pipes of coupling type and integral type.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a pipe threaded joint.
- the pin 3 includes a pin side screw portion 31, a pin side metal seal portion 32, and a pin side shoulder portion 33.
- the box 4 includes a box-side screw portion 41, a box-side metal seal portion 42, and a box-side shoulder portion 43.
- the portions that come into contact when the pin 3 and the box 4 are screwed are referred to as contact surfaces 34 and 44.
- the screw parts pin side screw part 31 and box side screw part 41
- metal seal parts pin side metal seal part 32 and box side metal seal part). 42
- the shoulder portions the pin side shoulder portion 33 and the box side shoulder portion 43
- the pin-side contact surface 34 includes a pin-side screw portion 31, a pin-side metal seal portion 32, and a pin-side shoulder portion 33.
- the box-side contact surface 44 includes a box-side screw portion 41, a box-side metal seal portion 42, and a box-side shoulder portion 43.
- the pin-side shoulder portion 33, the pin-side metal seal portion 32, and the pin-side screw portion 31 are arranged in this order from the end of the steel pipe 1.
- the box-side screw portion 41, the box-side metal seal portion 42, and the box-side shoulder portion 43 are arranged in this order from the end of the steel pipe 1 or the coupling 2.
- the arrangement of the pin-side screw portion 31 and the box-side screw portion 41, the pin-side metal seal portion 32 and the box-side metal seal portion 42, and the pin-side shoulder portion 33 and the box-side shoulder portion 43 is limited to the arrangement of FIG. 7. Instead, it can be changed as appropriate. For example, as shown in FIG.
- the part 32 and the pin side screw part 31 may be arranged in this order.
- the box 4 from the end of the steel pipe 1 or the coupling 2, the box side metal seal part 42, the box side screw part 41, the box side metal seal part 42, the box side shoulder part 43, the box side metal seal part 42 and the box side.
- the screw portions 41 may be arranged in this order.
- a so-called premium joint including a metal seal portion (pin side metal seal portion 32 and box side metal seal portion 42) and a shoulder portion (pin side shoulder portion 33 and box side shoulder portion 43) is shown. ..
- the metal seal portion (pin side metal seal portion 32 and box side metal seal portion 42) and shoulder portion (pin side shoulder portion 33 and box side shoulder portion 43) may be omitted.
- a pipe threaded joint having no metal seal portions 32 and 42 and shoulder portions 33 and 43 is illustrated in FIG.
- the lubricating coating layer of the present embodiment can be suitably applied to a threaded joint for pipes without the metal seal portions 32, 42 and shoulder portions 33, 43.
- the pin side contact surface 34 includes the pin side screw portion 31.
- the box-side contact surface 44 includes the box-side threaded portion 41.
- the threaded joint for pipes includes a lubricating coating layer on at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the pipe threaded joint according to the present embodiment.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 is formed by applying a composition for forming the lubricating coating layer 21 to at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44, and then drying it, as in the production method described later. Is formed by.
- composition for forming lubricating coating layer 21 contains polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt. Therefore, the lubricating coating layer 21 also contains polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and a basic aromatic organic acid metal salt.
- the composition may be a solventless composition (that is, containing only the above-mentioned components) or a solvent composition dissolved in a solvent.
- the mass% of each component means the mass% when the total amount of nonvolatile components of the composition (the total mass of all components other than the solvent contained in the composition) is 100%. Say. That is, the content of each component in the composition and the content of each component in the lubricating coating layer 21 are the same.
- composition for forming the lubricating coating layer 21 is also simply referred to as “composition”.
- % for each component means mass% based on the total amount of nonvolatile components of the composition, unless otherwise specified.
- the non-volatile component means all components other than the solvent contained in the composition.
- the non-volatile components are, for example, polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and basic aromatic organic acid metal salt.
- Polyisobutylene is a polymer of isobutene represented by the general formula —(—C(CH 3 ) 2 —CH 2 —) n —. Polyisobutylene is chemically inactive because it does not have an unsaturated bond in the molecule, and has strong resistance to ozone, acid, alkali and the like. Polyisobutylene is a highly viscous semi-solid polymer. Polyisobutylene has high tackiness and viscosity. When the composition contains polyisobutylene, it is presumed that the decrease in the viscosity of the composition can be suppressed even if sliding occurs at a high temperature. As a result, it is estimated that when the composition contains polyisobutylene, the frictional resistance at the friction interface of the lubricating coating layer 21 rapidly increases under high surface pressure at the final stage of screw tightening, and high torque performance is enhanced.
- the composition contains polyisobutylene, the high torque performance of the threaded joint for pipes is enhanced. Further, if the composition contains polyisobutylene, seizure resistance of the threaded joint for pipes is increased to the same level as or higher than that of the conventional API dope.
- the content of polyisobutylene is preferably 5 to 30%.
- the lower limit of the polyisobutylene content is preferably 5%, more preferably 8%, and further preferably 10%.
- the upper limit of the polyisobutylene content in the lubricating coating layer 21 is preferably 30%, more preferably 25%.
- the average molecular weight (Mv) of polyisobutylene is preferably 30,000 or more. Therefore, the lower limit of the average molecular weight of polyisobutylene is preferably 30,000, more preferably 50,000. On the other hand, when the average molecular weight of polyisobutylene is 100,000 or less, the viscosity of the composition is suppressed within an appropriate range and the productivity is increased. Therefore, the upper limit of the average molecular weight of polyisobutylene is preferably 100,000, more preferably 90,000, and further preferably 70,000.
- the average molecular weight (Mv) of polyisobutylene refers to the viscosity average molecular weight.
- Tetrax registered trademark
- JXTG Energy Oil & Energy Corporation high mall (trade name) (grade 4H to 6H), etc.
- high mall trade name
- grade 4H to 6H grade 4H to 6H
- Metal soap is a general term for all metal salts of fatty acids other than sodium and potassium. When the composition contains metal soap, seizure resistance and rust resistance of the threaded joint for pipes are enhanced.
- Fatty acid is a general term for saturated or unsaturated chain monocarboxylic acids.
- Fatty acids include, for example, lauric acid, tridecyl acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, lanopalmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, lignoceric acid, It is one or more selected from the group consisting of lanoseric acid, ricinoleic acid, montanic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, ricinolenic acid, octylic acid and sebacic acid.
- the fatty acid of the metal soap preferably has 12 to 30 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of lubricity and rust prevention.
- Fatty acids having 12 to 30 carbon atoms include, for example, lauric acid, tridecyl acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, lanopalmitic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, 12-hydroxystearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, It is one or more selected from the group consisting of erucic acid, lignoceric acid, lanoseric acid, ricinoleic acid, montanic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid and ricinolenic acid.
- the metal of the metal soap is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium, alkaline earth metals, zinc, aluminum and lithium.
- the metal is preferably calcium.
- the salt may be either a neutral salt or a basic salt.
- the content of metal soap in the composition is preferably 2 to 30%.
- the content of the metal soap is 2% or more, the seizure resistance and rust prevention of the lubricating coating layer 21 can be sufficiently enhanced.
- the content is 30% or less, the adhesion and strength of the lubricating coating layer 21 are more stably enhanced.
- the lower limit of the content of metal soap is more preferably 4%, further preferably 10%.
- the upper limit of the content of the metal soap is more preferably 19%, further preferably 17%.
- Wax is a general term for organic substances that are solid at room temperature and become liquid when heated.
- the wax is one or more selected from the group consisting of animal, vegetable, mineral and synthetic waxes.
- the animal wax is, for example, one or two selected from the group consisting of beeswax and spermaceti.
- the vegetable wax is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of wood wax, carnauba wax, candelilla wax and rice wax.
- the mineral wax is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, petrolatum, montan wax, ozokerite and ceresin.
- the synthetic wax is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of oxidized wax, polyethylene wax, Fischer-Tropsch wax, amide wax and hydrogenated castor oil (caster wax).
- the wax has a molecular weight of 1000 or less.
- the wax is a paraffin wax with a molecular weight of 150-500.
- Wax reduces friction of the lubricating coating layer 21 and enhances seizure resistance.
- the wax further reduces the fluidity of the lubricating coating layer 21 and increases the strength of the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the wax content in the composition is preferably 2 to 30%. If the wax content is 2% or more, the above effects can be sufficiently obtained. When the content is 30% or less, the adhesion and strength of the lubricating coating layer 21 are more stably enhanced.
- the lower limit of the wax content is more preferably 5%, further preferably 10%.
- the upper limit of the wax content is more preferably 20%, further preferably 15%.
- the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is a salt composed of an aromatic organic acid and excess alkali (alkali metal or alkaline earth metal).
- the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is, for example, a grease-like or semi-solid substance at room temperature.
- the anticorrosive property of the lubricating coating layer 21 is significantly improved.
- the seizure resistance of the threaded joint for pipes is further enhanced. This effect is that the presence of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt in the form of colloidal fine particles in the lubricating coating layer 21 causes the excess metal salt to be physically adsorbed or chemically adsorbed by the organic acid group. This is because
- the aromatic organic acid is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of sulfonate, phenate, salicylate and carboxylate.
- the alkali that constitutes the cation portion of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is one or two selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals.
- the alkali is one or two selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals. More preferably, the alkali is one or two selected from the group consisting of calcium, barium and magnesium.
- the base number of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt the higher the amount of fine particle metal salt that functions as a solid lubricant. As a result, the seizure resistance of the lubricating coating layer 21 is enhanced. Further, when the base number is higher than a certain level, it has an action of neutralizing the acid component. As a result, the rustproof property of the lubricating coating layer 21 is also enhanced. Therefore, preferably, the base number (JIS K2501 (2003)) of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt (when two or more kinds are used, it means a weighted average value of the base numbers taking the amount into consideration), It is 50 to 500 mg KOH/g. When the base number is 50 mgKOH/g or more, the above effects can be sufficiently obtained.
- the base number of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is more preferably 100 mgKOH/g, further preferably 200 mgKOH/g, and most preferably 250 mgKOH/g.
- the upper limit of the base number of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is more preferably 450 mgKOH/g.
- the base number of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is measured by a method according to JIS K2501 (2003).
- the content of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is preferably 10 to 70%.
- the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is a grease-like or semi-solid substance, and can also serve as a base of the lubricating coating layer 21. Therefore, it can be contained in a large amount up to 70% in the composition. Therefore, the upper limit of the content of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is preferably 70%, more preferably 60%, and further preferably 55%.
- the lower limit of the content of the basic aromatic organic acid metal salt is preferably 10%, more preferably 20%, and further preferably 40%.
- the composition contains a lubricating powder to further enhance the lubricity of the lubricating coating layer 21.
- Lubricant powder is a general term for solid powder having lubricity.
- known powders can be used as the lubricating powder.
- Lubricating powders are roughly classified into the following four types, for example.
- the lubricating powder contains one or more selected from the group consisting of the following (1) to (4).
- a material exhibiting lubricity by having a specific crystal structure that is slippery for example, a hexagonal layered crystal structure (for example, graphite, earth graphite, zinc oxide, boron nitride and talc),
- Those that exhibit a lubricity by having a reactive element in addition to the crystal structure for example, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite fluoride, tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide and organic molybdenum
- Those exhibiting lubricity due to chemical reactivity for example, thiosulfate compounds
- Those exhibiting lubricity by plastic or viscoplastic behavior under frictional stress for example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyamide, copper (Cu), and melamine
- the lubricating powder contains one or more selected from the group consisting of (1) to (4) above. That is, preferably, the lubricating powder is graphite, earth graphite, zinc oxide, boron nitride, talc, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, graphite fluoride, tin sulfide, bismuth sulfide, organic molybdenum, thiosulfate compound, One or more selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyamide, copper (Cu) and melamine cyanurate (MCA).
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- Cu copper
- MCA melamine cyanurate
- the lubricating powder is one or more selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and fluorinated graphite. More preferably, the lubricating powder is one or two selected from the group consisting of graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
- the lubricating powder is preferably graphite from the viewpoint of the adhesiveness and rust prevention of the lubricating coating layer 21, and earth graphite is preferred from the viewpoint of film-forming property.
- the lubricity powder is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) from the viewpoint of lubricity.
- the content of the lubricating powder in the composition is preferably 0.5 to 20%.
- the content of the lubricating powder is 0.5% or more, the seizure resistance of the threaded joint for pipes is further enhanced. For this reason, the number of times the screw can be tightened and unscrewed without causing seizure increases.
- the content of the lubricating powder is 20% or less, the strength of the lubricating coating layer 21 is further increased. Therefore, the wear of the lubricating coating layer 21 is suppressed. Therefore, the upper limit of the content of the lubricating powder is preferably 20%, more preferably 15%, and further preferably 10%.
- the lower limit of the content of the lubricating powder is preferably 0.5%, more preferably 3%, and further preferably 5%.
- the composition may contain a volatile organic solvent.
- the composition When applying at room temperature, the composition is prepared by adding a volatile organic solvent to the mixture of the components of the lubricating coating layer 21. Unlike the substance contained in the composition, the volatile organic solvent evaporates in the lubricating coating layer forming step. Therefore, the volatile organic solvent usually does not substantially remain in the lubricating coating layer 21. However, since the lubricating coating layer 21 of the present embodiment may be a viscous liquid or a semi-solid, for example, 1% or less of the volatile organic solvent may remain. “Volatile” means exhibiting a tendency to evaporate in the form of a film at temperatures from room temperature to 150° C.
- the type of volatile organic solvent is not particularly limited.
- the volatile organic solvent is, for example, a petroleum solvent.
- the petroleum solvent is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of solvent, mineral spirit, aromatic petroleum naphtha, xylene and cellosolve corresponding to industrial gasoline specified in JIS K2201 (2006). ..
- the volatile organic solvent preferably has a flash point of 30°C or higher, an initial distillation temperature of 150°C or higher, and an end point of 210°C or lower.
- the volatile organic solvent is relatively easy to handle, the evaporation is fast, and the drying time is short.
- the content of the volatile organic solvent may be appropriately adjusted so that the composition can be adjusted to have an appropriate viscosity according to the coating method of the composition.
- the content of the volatile organic solvent is, for example, 20 to 50 g when the total amount of the non-volatile components is 100 g.
- composition may further contain known antirust additives, preservatives, coloring pigments and the like.
- the composition may contain an antirust additive.
- the anticorrosive additive is a general term for additives having corrosion resistance.
- the rust preventive additive is, for example, one or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum tripolyphosphate, aluminum phosphite and calcium ion exchange silica.
- the antirust additive contains one or two selected from the group consisting of calcium ion exchange silica and aluminum phosphite.
- a commercially available reaction water repellent agent or the like can also be used.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 may further contain a preservative.
- the antiseptic is a general term for additives having corrosion resistance.
- the total content of other components (corrosion preventive additives, preservatives, color pigments, etc.) in the composition is preferably 2 to 10% by mass.
- the total content of the other components is 2% or more, the rust preventive property of the lubricating coating layer 21 is more stably enhanced.
- the total content of the other components is 10% by mass or less, the lubricity of the lubricating coating layer 21 is stably enhanced.
- a composition for forming the lubricating coating layer 21 can be manufactured by mixing the above-mentioned polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, basic aromatic organic acid metal salt and other components. By applying the composition to at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 of the threaded joint for pipe and then drying the composition, the threaded joint for pipe of the present embodiment having the lubricating coating layer 21 can be manufactured.
- the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is preferably 10-40 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is 10 ⁇ m or more, high lubricity can be stably obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is 40 ⁇ m or less, the adhesion of the lubricating coating layer 21 is stable. When the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is 40 ⁇ m or less, the screw tolerance (clearance) of the sliding surface is further widened, so that the surface pressure during sliding becomes low. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the fastening torque from becoming excessively high. Therefore, the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is preferably 10 to 40 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is measured by the following method.
- An arbitrary measurement point (area: 5 mm ⁇ 20 mm) on the pin-side contact surface 34 or the box-side contact surface 44 of the pipe threaded joint is wiped off with absorbent cotton soaked with ethanol.
- the weight of the lubricating coating layer 21 is calculated from the difference between the weight of the absorbent cotton before being wiped off and the weight of the absorbent cotton after being wiped off.
- the average film thickness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is calculated from the weight of the wiped lubricating coating layer 21, the density of the lubricating coating layer 21, and the area of the measurement location.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 is arranged as an outermost layer on at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44. As shown in FIG. 9, the lubricating coating layer 21 may be disposed only on the pin side contact surface 34. As shown in FIG. 10, the lubricating coating layer 21 may be disposed only on the box-side contact surface 44. As shown in FIG. 11, the lubricating coating layer 21 may be disposed on both the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 may be arranged on the entire surface of at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44, or may be arranged only on a part thereof.
- the pipe threaded joint has a metal seal portion (pin side metal seal portion 32 and box side metal seal portion 42) and a shoulder portion (pin side shoulder portion 33 and box side shoulder portion 43)
- the metal seal portions 32, 42 When the pipe threaded joint has a metal seal portion (pin side metal seal portion 32 and box side metal seal portion 42) and a shoulder portion (pin side shoulder portion 33 and box side shoulder portion 43), the metal seal portions 32, 42.
- the surface pressure of the shoulder portions 33 and 43 becomes particularly high at the final stage of screw tightening. Therefore, the lubricating coating layer 21 is formed on the pin side contact surface 34 having the metal seal portion (pin side metal seal portion 32 and box side metal seal portion 42) and the shoulder portion (pin side shoulder portion 33 and box side shoulder portion 43).
- a lubricating coating is provided on at least one of the pin-side metal seal portion 32, the box-side metal seal portion 42, the pin-side shoulder portion 33, and the box-side shoulder portion 43.
- the layer 21 may be arranged.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 is disposed on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44, the production efficiency of the threaded joint for pipes is increased.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 may be a single layer or multiple layers.
- the multi-layer means a state in which two or more layers of the lubricating coating layer 21 are laminated from the contact surface 34 or 44 side. By repeating the application and drying of the composition, two or more lubricating coating layers 21 can be formed.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 is directly disposed on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 if it is disposed as the outermost layer on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44. Alternatively, it may be disposed on the plating layer or/and the chemical conversion coating described below.
- the threaded joint for pipes of the present embodiment further includes a plating layer between the pin-side contact surface 34 and the lubricating coating layer 21, and/or between the box-side contact surface 44 and the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the plating layer is, for example, a single-layer plating layer of Cu, Sn or Ni metal, a single-layer plating of Cu-Sn alloy, a single-layer plating of Zn-Co alloy, a single-layer plating of Zn-Ni alloy, or Cu-Sn- They are single-layer plating by Zn alloy plating, two-layer plating layer of Cu layer and Sn layer, and three-layer plating layer of Ni layer, Cu layer and Sn layer.
- the hardness of the plating layer is preferably 300 or more in micro Vickers. When the hardness of the plated layer is 300 or more, the corrosion resistance of the threaded joint for pipes is more stably enhanced.
- the hardness of the plating layer is measured as follows. In the plated layer of the threaded joint for pipes, five arbitrary regions are selected. In each selected area, the Vickers hardness (HV) is measured according to JIS Z2244 (2009). Regarding the test conditions, the test temperature is room temperature (25° C.) and the test force is 2.94 N (300 gf). The average of the obtained values (five in total) is defined as the hardness of the plating layer.
- the lowermost plating layer has a film thickness of less than 1 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the plating layer is preferably 5 to 15 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ Measure the thickness of the plating layer as follows.
- the surface of the plating layer is brought into contact with a probe of an eddy current phase-type film thickness meter conforming to ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 21968 (2005).
- the phase difference between the high-frequency magnetic field on the input side of the probe and the overcurrent excited by it on the plating layer is measured. This phase difference is converted into the thickness of the plating layer.
- the threaded joint for pipes of the present embodiment further includes a chemical conversion treatment coating between the lubricating coating layer 21 and the plating layer.
- the chemical conversion coating is arranged between the plating layer on the pin-side contact surface 34 and the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the chemical conversion coating is arranged between the plating layer on the box-side contact surface 44 and the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the conversion coating is between the plating layer on the pin-side contact surface 34 and the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the plating layer on the box-side contact surface 44 and the lubricating coating layer 21 is at least one of the plating layer on the box-side contact surface 44 and the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the chemical conversion coating is, for example, a phosphate chemical conversion coating, an oxalate chemical conversion coating, or a borate chemical conversion coating.
- the chemical conversion coating is porous. Therefore, if the lubricating coating layer 21 is formed on the chemical conversion treatment coating, the adhesion of the lubricating coating layer 21 is further enhanced by the so-called “anchor effect".
- the preferable thickness of the chemical conversion coating is 5 to 40 ⁇ m. When the thickness of the chemical conversion treatment film is 5 ⁇ m or more, sufficient corrosion resistance can be secured. When the thickness of the chemical conversion coating is 40 ⁇ m or less, the adhesiveness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is stably increased.
- the thickness of the chemical conversion coating is determined by the following method.
- the pipe threaded joint having the chemical conversion coating formed thereon is cut in the thickness direction of the chemical conversion coating (perpendicular to the axial direction of the pipe threaded joint).
- the cross section of the chemical conversion coating is observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 500 times to measure the thickness of the chemical conversion coating.
- the thickness of the chemical conversion treatment film measured by the above measuring method is 10 ⁇ m or less, it is cut again and measured again.
- the threaded joint for pipes is cut in a direction inclined by 60° from the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the threaded joint for pipes.
- the cross section of the obtained chemical conversion treatment film is observed with an optical microscope at a magnification of 500 times to measure the thickness of the chemical conversion treatment film.
- the thickness measured again is the thickness of the chemical conversion coating.
- the surface under the lubricating coating layer 21 that contacts the lubricating coating layer 21 may be a surface that has been blasted or pickled.
- the surface below the lubricating coating layer 21 that comes into contact with the lubricating coating layer 21 means that the threaded joint for pipes does not have a plating layer on the pin side contact surface 34 (that is, the lubricating coating layer 21 directly on the pin side contact surface 34). Is formed on the pin side contact surface 34, and when the pipe threaded joint is provided with a plating layer on the pin side contact surface 34, it is the plating layer surface.
- the lower surface of the lubricating coating layer 21 in contact with the lubricating coating layer 21 means that the threaded joint for pipes does not have a plating layer on the box-side contact surface 44 (that is, the lubricating coating layer 21 directly on the box-side contact surface 44). Is a box-side contact surface 44, and is a plating layer surface when the pipe threaded joint has a plating layer on the box-side contact surface 44.
- the surface that has been blasted or pickled has an increased surface roughness. More specifically, when the pin side contact surface 34, the box side contact surface 44, and the plating layer surface are blasted or pickled, the surface roughness of the pin side contact surface 34, the box side contact surface 44, and the plating layer surface. It’s high. In this case, the adhesion of the lubricating coating layer 21 formed thereon is further enhanced.
- the surface roughness is preferably 1.0 to 8.0 ⁇ m in terms of arithmetic average roughness Ra. The larger the arithmetic average roughness Ra, the larger the contact area with the lubricating coating layer 21. Therefore, the adhesion effect with the lubricating coating layer 21 is enhanced by the anchor effect.
- the adhesion of the lubricating coating layer 21 increases, the seizure resistance of the threaded joint for pipes further increases.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 1.0 ⁇ m or more, the adhesiveness of the lubricating coating layer 21 is further enhanced.
- the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 8.0 ⁇ m or less, friction is suppressed, and damage and peeling of the lubricating coating layer 21 are suppressed.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra referred to in this specification is measured based on JIS B 0601 (2001). Measurement is performed using a scanning probe microscope SPI3800N manufactured by SII Nano Technology Co., Ltd. The measurement condition is a region of 2 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ m of the sample, and the number of acquired data is 1024 ⁇ 1024. The standard length is 2.5 mm.
- the arrangement of the plating layer and the chemical conversion coating is not particularly limited as long as the lubricating coating layer 21 is arranged on at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44.
- the case where only the lubricating coating layer 21 is provided is referred to as pattern 1.
- the pattern 2 is provided with the lubricating coating layer 21 and the plating layer below the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the case where the lubricating coating layer 21 is provided and the chemical conversion treatment coating is provided thereunder is referred to as pattern 3.
- the case where the lubricating coating layer 21 is provided, and the chemical conversion treatment coating and the plating layer are provided thereunder is referred to as pattern 4.
- the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 may be patterns 1 to 5. Specifically, when the pin-side contact surface 34 is pattern 1 to pattern 4, the box-side contact surface 44 may be any of pattern 1 to pattern 5. When the pin-side contact surface 34 is the pattern 5, the box-side contact surface 44 is any one of the patterns 1 to 4. On the contrary, when the box-side contact surface 44 has the patterns 1 to 4, the pin-side contact surface 34 may have any of the patterns 1 to 5. When the box-side contact surface 44 is the pattern 5, the pin-side contact surface 34 is any one of the patterns 1 to 4. In any of the patterns, the pin-side contact surface 34, the box-side contact surface 44, and the plating layer surface can be surfaces that have been appropriately blasted or pickled.
- the composition of the base material of the threaded joint for pipes is not particularly limited.
- the base material is, for example, carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel or the like.
- alloy steels duplex stainless steels containing alloy elements such as Cr, Ni and Mo and high alloy steels such as Ni alloys have high corrosion resistance. Therefore, when these high alloy steels are used as the base material, excellent corrosion resistance can be obtained in a corrosive environment containing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide and the like.
- the method for manufacturing a threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment is a lubricant film layer in which the lubricant film layer 21 is formed using the composition of the present embodiment on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44. A forming process is provided.
- the mixture of the constituents of the above composition is liquefied by adding a solvent and/or heating, and applied on at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44. If necessary, the composition applied to at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 is dried to form the lubricating coating layer 21.
- the property of the lubricating coating layer 21 does not matter. The property of the lubricating coating layer 21 is, for example, solid, viscous liquid or semi-solid.
- the solventless composition can be produced, for example, by heating a mixture of polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and a metal salt of a basic aromatic organic acid in a molten state and kneading the mixture.
- the composition may be a powder mixture obtained by mixing all components in powder form.
- the solvent type composition can be produced, for example, by dissolving or dispersing polyisobutylene, metal soap, wax, and basic aromatic organic acid metal salt in a volatile organic solvent and mixing them.
- the composition can be applied using the hot melt method.
- the hot-melt method the composition is heated and melted to give a low-viscosity fluid state. It is carried out by spraying the composition in a fluid state from a spray gun having a temperature maintaining function.
- the composition is heated and melted in a tank equipped with a suitable stirring device, and is supplied to a spray head (maintained at a predetermined temperature) of a spray gun through a metering pump by a compressor to be sprayed.
- the heating temperature is, for example, 90 to 130°C.
- the holding temperature in the tank and in the spray head is adjusted according to the melting points of the constituent components of the composition.
- the coating method may be brush coating, dipping or the like instead of spray coating.
- the heating temperature of the composition is preferably 10 to 50° C. higher than the melting point of the composition.
- at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 to which the composition is applied is preferably heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the base. As a result, good coverage can be obtained.
- a solvent type composition In the case of a solvent type composition, apply the composition in a solution state onto the contact surface by spray coating or the like. In this case, it is preferable to adjust the viscosity of the composition so that it can be applied by spraying under the environment of normal temperature and normal pressure.
- the composition in a molten state is dried by cooling the composition applied to at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44, and the lubricating coating layer 21. Is formed.
- a known cooling method can be used. The cooling method is, for example, air cooling or air cooling.
- the lubricating coating layer 21 is formed by drying the composition applied to at least one of the pin side contact surface 34 and the box side contact surface 44.
- the drying method can be carried out by a known method.
- the drying method is, for example, natural drying, low temperature blast drying and vacuum drying.
- Cooling may be performed by rapid cooling such as nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide cooling system.
- rapid cooling such as nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide cooling system.
- the opposite surface of the composition-applied pin-side contact surface 34 or/and box-side contact surface 44 (the steel tube 1 or the outer surface of the coupling 2 in the case of the box 4, the steel tube 1 in the case of the pin 3). Indirectly) from inside).
- deterioration of the lubricating coating layer 21 due to rapid cooling can be suppressed.
- the manufacturing method of the present embodiment may include the following steps before the lubricating coating layer forming step.
- the method for manufacturing the threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment may include a plating layer forming step before the lubricating coating layer forming step.
- the plating layer can be formed by, for example, electroplating or impact plating.
- the electroplating process is, for example, a process of forming a plating layer by electroplating.
- a Zn alloy plating layer may be formed by electroplating on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 in the electroplating process.
- at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 may be roughened by blasting or pickling, and then the Zn alloy plating layer may be formed by electroplating.
- the electroplating process may be, for example, a single layer plating process using Cu, Sn or Ni metal, a single layer plating process using a Cu—Sn alloy, a single layer plating process using a Zn—Co alloy, a Zn—Ni alloy.
- a single layer plating treatment, or a Cu—Sn—Zn alloy plating is a single layer plating treatment, a Cu layer and a Sn layer are two-layer plating treatment, and a Ni layer, a Cu layer and a Sn layer are three-layer plating treatment.
- the electroplating process can be performed by a known method. For example, a bath containing ions of a metal element contained in the plating layer is prepared. Next, at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 is immersed in a bath. By energizing the immersed pin-side contact surface 34 and/or the box-side contact surface 44, a plating layer is formed on at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44. Conditions such as bath temperature and plating time can be appropriately set.
- the plating bath when forming a Cu—Sn—Zn alloy plating layer, contains copper ions, tin ions and zinc ions.
- the composition of the plating bath is preferably Cu: 1 to 50 g/L, Sn: 1 to 50 g/L and Zn: 1 to 50 g/L.
- the electroplating conditions are, for example, a plating bath pH: 1 to 10, a plating bath temperature: 60° C., a current density: 1 to 100 A/dm 2, and a treatment time: 0.1 to 30 minutes.
- the plating bath When forming a Zn—Ni alloy plating layer, the plating bath contains zinc ions and nickel ions.
- the composition of the plating bath is preferably Zn: 1 to 100 g/L and Ni: 1 to 50 g/L.
- the electroplating conditions are, for example, a plating bath pH: 1 to 10, a plating bath temperature: 60° C., a current density: 1 to 100 A/dm 2, and a treatment time: 0.1 to 30 minutes.
- the impact plating treatment is a treatment that can be performed by mechanical plating in which the particles and the object to be plated are made to collide in the rotary barrel, or projection plating in which the particles are made to collide with the object to be plated using a blast device.
- the surface in contact with the lubricating coating layer 21 may be blasted or pickled. Surface roughness can be formed by blasting or pickling.
- the surface in contact with the lubricating coating layer 21 is the pin side contact surface 34 when the pin side contact surface 34 does not have a plating layer, and the plating layer when the pin side contact surface 34 has a plating layer. ..
- the surface in contact with the lubricating coating layer 21 is the box-side contact surface 44 when the box-side contact surface 44 does not have a plating layer, and the plating layer when the box-side contact surface 44 has a plating layer. ..
- the blast treatment is, for example, a treatment in which particles are made to collide with an object to be plated by using a blast device.
- the blasting process is, for example, a sandblasting process.
- the sandblast process is a process in which a blast material (abrasive) and compressed air are mixed and projected onto the contact surfaces 34 and 44.
- the blast material is, for example, a spherical shot material and a square grid material.
- the sandblast treatment can increase the surface roughness of the pin-side contact surface 34, the box-side contact surface 44, or the plating layer.
- the sandblast treatment can be performed by a known method. For example, the air is compressed by a compressor, and the compressed air and the blast material are mixed.
- the material of the blast material is, for example, stainless steel, aluminum, ceramic, alumina or the like.
- the conditions such as the projection speed of the sandblast process can be set as appropriate.
- the pickling treatment is a treatment for roughening the contact surface 34 or 44 by immersing at least one of the pin-side contact surface 34 and the box-side contact surface 44 in a strong acid solution such as sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or hydrofluoric acid. This can increase the surface roughness of the contact surface 34 or 44.
- the method for manufacturing the threaded joint for pipes according to the present embodiment may include a chemical conversion treatment step before the lubricating coating layer forming step.
- the chemical conversion treatment is a treatment for forming a porous chemical conversion treatment film having a large surface roughness.
- the chemical conversion treatment is, for example, a phosphate chemical conversion treatment, an oxalate chemical conversion treatment, and a borate chemical conversion treatment. From the viewpoint of the adhesion of the lubricating coating layer 21, the phosphate chemical conversion treatment is preferable.
- the phosphate chemical conversion treatment is, for example, a phosphate chemical conversion treatment using manganese phosphate, zinc phosphate, iron manganese phosphate or zinc calcium phosphate.
- the chemical conversion treatment can be carried out by a well-known method.
- a general acidic phosphate chemical conversion treatment liquid for galvanized materials can be used.
- a zinc phosphate chemical conversion treatment containing 1 to 150 g/L of phosphate ions, 3 to 70 g/L of zinc ions, 1 to 100 g/L of nitrate ions, and 0 to 30 g/L of nickel ions.
- a manganese phosphate-based chemical conversion treatment liquid commonly used for pipe threaded joints can also be used.
- the liquid temperature is, for example, room temperature to 100°C.
- the treatment time can be appropriately set according to the desired film thickness, and is, for example, 15 minutes.
- surface adjustment may be performed before the chemical conversion treatment.
- Surface conditioning is a treatment of immersing in a surface conditioning aqueous solution containing colloidal titanium. After the chemical conversion treatment, it is preferable to wash with water or hot water and then dry.
- the above-mentioned treatments before forming the lubricating coating layer may be carried out only one kind, but a plurality of treatments may be combined.
- the same treatment may be performed on the pin 3 and the box 4, or different treatments may be performed on the pin 3 and the box 4.
- the present invention is not limited to the examples.
- the pin-side contact surface is called a pin surface and the box-side contact surface is called a box surface.
- % in the examples means mass% unless otherwise specified.
- VAM21 (registered trademark) manufactured by Nippon Steel Co., Ltd. was used as the tubular threaded joint.
- VAM21 (registered trademark) is a threaded joint for pipes having an outer diameter of 177.80 mm (7 inches) and a wall thickness of 11.506 mm (0.453 inches).
- the steel type was carbon steel.
- the composition of carbon steel is C: 0.24%, Si: 0.23%, Mn: 0.7%, P: 0.02%, S: 0.01%, Cu: 0.04%, Ni: It was 0.05%, Cr: 0.95%, Mo: 0.15%, and the balance: Fe and impurities.
- the base treatment was performed on the pin surface and the box surface of each test number.
- the numbers in the "base treatment” column of Table 1 indicate the order in which the base treatment was performed. For example, in the case of "1. Grinding finish, 2. Zn phosphate", zinc phosphate chemical conversion treatment was performed after grinding finish.
- abrasive grains Mesh100 were used to form the surface roughness.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of each test number was as shown in Table 1.
- the arithmetic mean roughness Ra was measured based on JIS-B0601 (2013).
- a scanning probe microscope SPI3800N manufactured by SII Nano Technology was used to measure the arithmetic average roughness Ra.
- the measurement conditions were a region of 2 ⁇ m ⁇ 2 ⁇ m of the sample as a unit of the number of acquired data, and the number of acquired data was 1024 ⁇ 1024.
- the film thickness of the Zn-Ni alloy was measured by the above-mentioned measuring method.
- a lubricating coating layer was formed using the composition having the composition shown in Table 2 to prepare pins and boxes of respective test numbers.
- Table 2 the content in mass% based on the total amount of the nonvolatile components in the composition is shown in parentheses in the column of "Nonvolatile component composition of the composition".
- Polyisobutylene is tetrax (registered trademark) grade 3T (average molecular weight 30,000), tetrax (registered trademark) grade 4T (average molecular weight 40000), tetrax (registered trademark) grade manufactured by JXTG Energy Co., Ltd. 5T (average molecular weight 50000) and Tetrax (registered trademark) grade 6T (average molecular weight 60000) were used.
- Ca-STEARATE (trade name) manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc. was used. Paraffin wax (trade name) manufactured by Nippon Seiro Co., Ltd. was used as the wax.
- Calcinate (trade name) C400CLR (base number 400 mgKOH/g) manufactured by CHEMTURA was used as the basic Ca sulfonate.
- blue P (trade name) (ash content 3.79%, crystallinity 96.9%, average particle size 7 ⁇ m) was used.
- the lubricating powder in the case of PTFE, the product name Lubron (registered trademark) L-5F manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd. was used.
- the volatile organic solvent the product name Exxsol (trade name) D40 of Exxon Mobil Corporation was used. In Table 2, it is shown as an organic solvent.
- Test No. 12 compound grease specified in API standard BUL 5A2 was used instead of the composition. An example using compound grease was used as a standard for high torque performance described later.
- Test number 1 In test number 1, mechanical grinding finish was performed on the pin surface and the box surface. Then, the composition for forming a lubricating coating layer was spray-coated at room temperature (about 25° C.) on both the pin surface and the box surface to form a lubricating coating layer. The film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness. It was applied so that the value was in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m.
- Test No. 2 to Test No. 4 and Test No. 8 to Test No. 10 mechanical grinding finish was performed on the pin surface and the box surface.
- the pins were dipped in a chemical conversion treatment solution for zinc phosphate at 75 to 85° C. for 10 minutes to form a zinc phosphate coating having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the box was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment solution for manganese phosphate at 80 to 95° C. for 10 minutes to form a manganese phosphate coating having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m.
- the composition for forming a lubricating coating layer was spray-coated at room temperature (about 20° C.) on both the pin surface and the box surface to form a lubricating coating layer.
- the film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness. It was applied so that the value was in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m.
- Test number 5 the pin surface was subjected to mechanical grinding finish. It was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment solution for zinc phosphate at 75 to 85° C. for 10 minutes to form a zinc phosphate coating having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m. Then, the composition for forming the lubricating coating layer was spray-coated at room temperature (about 25° C.) to form the lubricating coating layer. The film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness. It was applied so that the value was in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m.
- Zn-Ni alloy plating was performed thereon by electroplating to form a Zn-Ni alloy plating layer.
- As the Zn-Ni alloy plating bath Daijin Alloy N-PL manufactured by Daiwa Kasei Co., Ltd. was used. The electroplating conditions were: plating bath pH: 6.5, plating bath temperature: 25° C., current density: 2 A/dm 2 , and treatment time: 18 minutes.
- the composition of the Zn—Ni alloy plating layer was Zn:85% and Ni:15%. Then, a composition for forming a lubricating coating layer was applied by heating (about 110° C.) by spray coating and then gradually cooled to form a lubricating coating layer.
- the film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness. It was applied so that the value was in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m.
- Test number 6 and test number 7 In Test No. 6 and Test No. 7, mechanical grinding finish was performed on the pin surface and the box surface. Then, the surface roughness was formed by blasting. Then, the composition for forming a lubricating coating layer was spray-coated at room temperature (about 20° C.) on both the pin surface and the box surface to form a lubricating coating layer.
- the film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness. It was applied so that the value was in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m.
- Test number 11 mechanical grinding finish was performed on the pin surface and the box surface.
- the surface of the pin was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment solution for zinc phosphate at 75 to 85° C. for 10 minutes to form a zinc phosphate coating having a thickness of 10 ⁇ m.
- the box surface was immersed in a chemical conversion treatment solution for manganese phosphate at 80 to 95° C. for 10 minutes to form a manganese phosphate coating having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m.
- the composition for forming a lubricating coating layer was spray-coated at room temperature (about 25° C.) on both the pin surface and the box surface to form a lubricating coating layer.
- the film thickness of the lubricating coating layer is calculated from the predetermined spray pressure and the distance to the target surface, using the weight of the composition applied per unit area and unit time and its specific gravity to calculate the target average film thickness.
- the value was set to be in the range of 120 to 150 ⁇ m. In test number 11, no polyisobutylene was included in the composition.
- Test number 12 In Test No. 12, the pin surface and the box surface were subjected to mechanical grinding finish and phosphate chemical conversion treatment. Then, the API standard dope was applied with a brush.
- the API standard dope is a compound grease for oil well pipe threads manufactured according to API Bul 5A2.
- the composition of the API standard dope is based on grease and is specified to contain graphite powder: 18 ⁇ 1.0%, lead powder: 30.5 ⁇ 0.6%, and copper flakes: 3.3 ⁇ 0.3%. ing. In this component range, it is understood that the compound grease for oil country tubular goods screws has equivalent performance.
- seizure resistance evaluation test The seizure resistance was evaluated by a repeated fastening test. Using the pins and boxes of Test No. 1 to Test No. 12, screw tightening and screw returning were repeated at room temperature (about 25° C.) to evaluate seizure resistance. The fastening torque was 24350 N ⁇ m. The surface of the pin and the surface of the box were visually observed each time the screw was tightened and the screw was unscrewed once. By visual observation, the occurrence of seizure in the screw part and the metal seal part was confirmed. The test was completed because seizure occurred on the metal seal part. If the seizure of the screw part is slight and it can be recovered by cleaning with a file, etc., the seizure defect was repaired and the test was continued.
- the maximum number of repeated fastenings was 15.
- the evaluation index of seizure resistance was the maximum number of times of fastening in which neither seizure that cannot be recovered at the screw part nor seizure at the metal seal part occurred.
- the results are shown in the column of "Seizure resistance (the number of times (fastening) which can be fastened without occurrence of non-recoverable seizure at the screw portion and seizure at the metal seal portion)" in Table 3.
- Test No. 12 a new API dope was reapplied every time screw tightening and screw returning were performed. This is because the API dope is usually reapplied anew after each screw tightening and screw unscrewing. Moreover, API dope is supposed only for such usage. On the other hand, in Test Nos. 1 to 11, the tests were continued until the test was completed without re-forming the lubricating coating layer.
- the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ was measured using the pins and boxes of Test Nos. 1 to 12. Specifically, the screw was tightened at a tightening speed of 10 rpm and a tightening torque of 42.8 kN ⁇ m. The torque was measured when tightening the screw, and a torque chart as shown in FIG. 12 was created. Ts in FIG. 12 indicates shouldering torque. MTV in FIG. 12 represents the torque value at which the line segment L and the torque chart intersect. The line segment L is a straight line having the same slope as that of the linear region in the torque chart after shouldering and having the rotational speed increased by 0.2% as compared with the linear region.
- Ty yield torque
- the line segment L is used to define MTV.
- the difference between MTV and Ts was set as the torque on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ in this embodiment.
- the high torque performance is the relative value of the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ of the present embodiment with reference to the numerical value of the torque-on-shoulder resistance ⁇ T′ when the API standard dope is used instead of the lubricating coating layer in Test No. 12 as a reference (100). It was calculated as a value. The results are shown in Table 3.
- the threaded joints for pipes of Test Nos. 1 to 5 and Test Nos. 8 to 10 had a polyisobutylene content of 5 to 30%. Therefore, the high torque performance was further improved as compared with the threaded joint for pipes of Test No. 6 (polyisobutylene content less than 5%). Further, the number of times of fastening without seizure was larger than that of the threaded joint for pipe of Test No. 7 (polyisobutylene content exceeding 30%), and the seizure resistance was further excellent.
- composition forming the lubricating coating layer of the threaded joint for pipe of Test No. 11 did not contain polyisobutylene. For this reason, the number of times that high-speed torque could be fastened without seizure and high torque performance were low.
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Abstract
Description
管用ねじ継手は、ピン及びボックスを備える。図5は、本実施形態によるカップリング型の管用ねじ継手の構成を示す図である。図5を参照して、管用ねじ継手は、鋼管1とカップリング2とを備える。鋼管1の両端には、外面にピン側ねじ部を有するピン3が形成される。カップリング2の両端には、内面にボックス側ねじ部を有するボックス4が形成される。ピン3とボックス4とをねじ締めすることによって、鋼管1の端に、カップリング2が取り付けられる。図示されていないが、相手部材が装着されていない鋼管1のピン3及びカップリング2のボックス4には、それぞれのねじ部を保護するため、プロテクターが装着される場合がある。
管用ねじ継手は、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に、潤滑被膜層を備える。図9は、本実施形態による管用ねじ継手の断面図である。潤滑被膜層21は、後述の製造方法のとおり、潤滑被膜層21を形成するための組成物を、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に塗布した後、乾燥させることで形成される。
潤滑被膜層21を形成するための組成物は、ポリイソブチレンと、金属石鹸と、ワックスと、塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩とを含有する。したがって、潤滑被膜層21も、ポリイソブチレンと、金属石鹸と、ワックスと、塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩とを含有する。組成物は、無溶剤型の組成物(つまり、上述の成分のみ含有)であっても、溶剤に溶解させた溶剤型の組成物であってもよい。溶剤型の組成物の場合、各成分の質量%とは、組成物の不揮発性成分の合計量(組成物に含まれる溶剤以外の全成分を合計した質量)を100%とした場合の質量%をいう。つまり、組成物中の各成分の含有量と、潤滑被膜層21中の各成分の含有量とは、同じである。以下、潤滑被膜層21を形成するための組成物を単に「組成物」とも称する。
ポリイソブチレンは一般式-(-C(CH3)2-CH2-)n-で表されるイソブテンの重合体である。ポリイソブチレンは、分子中に不飽和結合を持たないため化学的に不活性で、オゾン、酸、アルカリなどに対する抵抗性が強い。ポリイソブチレンは、粘性の高い半固体状のポリマーである。ポリイソブチレンは、粘着性及び粘性が高い。組成物がポリイソブチレンを含有する場合、高温で摺動が起きても、組成物の粘度の低下を抑制できると推定される。その結果、組成物がポリイソブチレンを含有する場合、ねじ締めの最終段階における高面圧下において、潤滑被膜層21の摩擦界面における摩擦抵抗が急激に増加し、ハイトルク性能が高まると推定される。
金属石鹸とは、脂肪酸のナトリウム及びカリウム以外のすべての金属塩の総称である。組成物が金属石鹸を含有すれば、管用ねじ継手の耐焼付き性と防錆性とが高まる。
ワックスとは、常温では固体であり、加熱すると液体となる有機物の総称である。ワックスは、動物性、植物性、鉱物性及び合成ワックスからなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である。動物性のワックスはたとえば、蜜蝋及び鯨蝋からなる群から選択される1種又は2種である。植物性のワックスはたとえば、木蝋、カルナバワックス、キャンデリラワックス及びライスワックスからなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である。鉱物性のワックスはたとえば、パラフィンワックス、マイクロクリスタリンワックス、ペトロラタム、モンタンワックス、オゾケライト及びセレシンからなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である。合成ワックスはたとえば、酸化ワックス、ポリエチレンワックス、フィッシャー・トロプッシュワックス、アミドワックス及び硬化ひまし油(カスターワックス)からなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である。一例として、ワックスの分子量は1000以下である。好ましくは、ワックスは、分子量150~500のパラフィンワックスである。
塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩は、芳香族有機酸と過剰のアルカリ(アルカリ金属又はアルカリ土類金属)とから構成される塩である。塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩は、たとえば、常温でグリース状又は半固体の物質である。
好ましくは、組成物は、潤滑被膜層21の潤滑性をさらに高めるために潤滑性粉末を含有する。潤滑性粉末とは、潤滑性を有する固体粉末の総称である。潤滑性粉末は、公知のものを使用できる。
(1)滑り易い特定の結晶構造、たとえば、六方晶層状結晶構造を有することにより潤滑性を示すもの(たとえば、黒鉛、土状黒鉛、酸化亜鉛、窒化硼素及びタルク)、
(2)結晶構造に加えて反応性元素を有することにより潤滑性を示すもの(たとえば、二硫化モリブデン、二硫化タングステン、フッ化黒鉛、硫化スズ、硫化ビスマス及び有機モリブデン)、
(3)化学反応性により潤滑性を示すもの(たとえば、チオ硫酸塩化合物)、
(4)摩擦応力下での塑性又は粘塑性挙動により潤滑性を示すもの(たとえば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、ポリアミド、銅(Cu)、及びメラミンシアヌレート(MCA))
組成物は、揮発性有機溶剤を含有してもよい。常温で塗布を行う場合には、潤滑被膜層21の成分の混合物に揮発性有機溶剤を添加し、組成物を調製する。揮発性有機溶剤は、組成物に含有される物質とは異なり、潤滑被膜層形成工程で蒸発する。そのため、揮発性有機溶剤は通常、潤滑被膜層21中には実質的に残存しない。しかしながら、本実施形態の潤滑被膜層21は粘稠液体又は半固体であってもよいので、たとえば1%以下の揮発性有機溶剤が残存している場合がある。「揮発性」とは、被膜形態で室温~150℃までの温度で蒸発傾向を示すことを意味する。
組成物は、その他、公知の防錆添加剤、防腐剤、着色顔料等を含有してもよい。
潤滑被膜層21は、実際に使用されるまでの長期間に渡る防錆性を有する方が好ましい。そのため、組成物は、防錆添加剤を含有してもよい。防錆添加剤とは、耐食性を有する添加剤の総称である。防錆添加剤はたとえば、トリポリリン酸アルミニウム、亜燐酸アルミニウム及びカルシウムイオン交換シリカからなる群から選択される1種又は2種以上である。好ましくは、防錆添加剤は、カルシウムイオン交換シリカ及び亜燐酸アルミニウムからなる群から選択される1種又は2種を含有する。防錆添加剤として、他に市販の反応撥水剤なども使用できる。
潤滑被膜層21はさらに、防腐剤を含有してもよい。防腐剤とは、耐食性を有する添加剤の総称である。
潤滑被膜層21の厚さは10~40μmであることが好ましい。潤滑被膜層21の厚さが10μm以上であれば、高い潤滑性を安定して得ることができる。一方、潤滑被膜層21の厚さが40μm以下であれば、潤滑被膜層21の密着性が安定する。潤滑被膜層21の厚さが40μm以下であればさらに、摺動面のねじ公差(クリアランス)が広くなるため、摺動時の面圧が低くなる。そのため、締結トルクが過剰に高くなることを抑制できる。したがって、潤滑被膜層21の厚さは10~40μmであることが好ましい。
潤滑被膜層21は、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に最表層として配置される。図9に示す様に、潤滑被膜層21は、ピン側接触表面34上のみに配置されてもよい。図10に示す様に、潤滑被膜層21は、ボックス側接触表面44上のみに配置されてもよい。図11に示す様に、潤滑被膜層21は、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の両方に配置されてもよい。
好ましくは、本実施形態の管用ねじ継手はさらに、ピン側接触表面34と潤滑被膜層21との間、又は/及び、ボックス側接触表面44と潤滑被膜層21との間に、めっき層を備える。めっき層はたとえば、Cu、SnもしくはNi金属による単層めっき層、又はCu-Sn合金による単層めっき、Zn-Co合金による単層めっき、Zn-Ni合金による単層めっき、又はCu-Sn-Zn合金めっきによる単層めっき、Cu層とSn層との2層めっき層、及び、Ni層、Cu層及びSn層による3層めっき層である。
好ましくは、本実施形態の管用ねじ継手はさらに、潤滑被膜層21とめっき層との間に、化成処理被膜を備える。管用ねじ継手が、ピン側接触表面34上のみにめっき層を備える場合は、化成処理被膜は、ピン側接触表面34上のめっき層と潤滑被膜層21との間に配置される。管用ねじ継手が、ボックス側接触表面44上のみにめっき層を備える場合は、化成処理被膜は、ボックス側接触表面44上のめっき層と潤滑被膜層21との間に配置される。管用ねじ継手が、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の両方にめっき層を備える場合は、化成処理被膜は、ピン側接触表面34上のめっき層と潤滑被膜層21との間、及び、ボックス側接触表面44上のめっき層と潤滑被膜層21との間の少なくとも一方に配置される。
本実施形態の管用ねじ継手は、潤滑被膜層21と接触する潤滑被膜層21の下の表面をブラスト処理又は酸洗されている表面としてもよい。潤滑被膜層21と接触する潤滑被膜層21の下の表面とは、管用ねじ継手がピン側接触表面34上にめっき層を備えない場合(つまり、ピン側接触表面34上に直接潤滑被膜層21を形成した場合)はピン側接触表面34であり、管用ねじ継手がピン側接触表面34上にめっき層を備える場合はめっき層表面である。潤滑被膜層21と接触する潤滑被膜層21の下の表面とは、管用ねじ継手がボックス側接触表面44上にめっき層を備えない場合(つまり、ボックス側接触表面44上に直接潤滑被膜層21を形成した場合)はボックス側接触表面44であり、管用ねじ継手がボックス側接触表面44上にめっき層を備える場合はめっき層表面である。
ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に潤滑被膜層21が配置されれば、めっき層及び化成処理被膜の配置は特に限定されない。潤滑被膜層21のみを備える場合をパターン1とする。潤滑被膜層21を備え、その下にめっき層を備える場合をパターン2とする。潤滑被膜層21を備え、その下に化成処理被膜を備える場合をパターン3とする。潤滑被膜層21を備え、その下に化成処理被膜及びめっき層を備える場合をパターン4とする。潤滑被膜層21を備えない場合をパターン5とする。上記条件を満たせば、ピン側接触表面34及びボックス側接触表面44はパターン1~5のいずれの場合も有り得る。具体的には、ピン側接触表面34が、パターン1~パターン4の場合、ボックス側接触表面44はパターン1~パターン5のいずれでもよい。また、ピン側接触表面34がパターン5の場合、ボックス側接触表面44はパターン1~パターン4のいずれかである。反対に、ボックス側接触表面44が、パターン1~パターン4の場合、ピン側接触表面34はパターン1~パターン5のいずれでもよい。また、ボックス側接触表面44がパターン5の場合、ピン側接触表面34はパターン1~パターン4のいずれかである。いずれのパターンにおいても、ピン側接触表面34、ボックス側接触表面44及びめっき層表面は、適宜ブラスト処理又は酸洗が実施された表面とすることができる。
管用ねじ継手の母材の組成は、特に限定されない。母材はたとえば、炭素鋼、ステンレス鋼及び合金鋼等である。合金鋼の中でも、Cr、Ni及びMo等の合金元素を含んだ二相ステンレス鋼及びNi合金等の高合金鋼は耐食性が高い。そのため、これらの高合金鋼を母材に使用すれば、硫化水素や二酸化炭素等を含有する腐食環境において、優れた耐食性が得られる。
以下、本実施形態による管用ねじ継手の製造方法を説明する。
潤滑被膜層形成工程では、上述の組成物の構成成分の混合物を溶剤添加及び/又は加熱により液状化し、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に塗布する。必要に応じて、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に塗布された組成物を乾燥して、潤滑被膜層21を形成する。潤滑被膜層21の性状は問わない。潤滑被膜層21の性状はたとえば、固体、粘稠液体又は半固体である。
本実施形態による管用ねじ継手の製造方法は、潤滑被膜層形成工程の前に、めっき層形成工程を備えてもよい。めっき層はたとえば、電気めっき処理、又は、衝撃めっき処理により形成できる。
電気めっき処理はたとえば、電気めっきにより、めっき層を形成する処理である。めっき層を形成する場合、電気めっき処理では、ピン側接触表面34上及びボックス側接触表面44上の少なくとも一方に、電気めっき処理によりZn合金めっき層を形成してもよい。又は、電気めっき処理では、ピン側接触表面34及びボックス側接触表面44の少なくとも一方をブラスト処理又は酸洗により粗くした後で、電気めっき処理によりZn合金めっき層を形成してもよい。
衝撃めっき処理は、粒子と被めっき物を回転バレル内で衝突させるメカニカルプレーティングや、ブラスト装置を用いて粒子を被めっき物に衝突させる投射めっきにより実施することができる処理である。
ブラスト処理はたとえば、ブラスト装置を用いて粒子を被めっき物に衝突させる処理である。ブラスト処理はたとえば、サンドブラスト処理である。サンドブラスト処理は、ブラスト材(研磨剤)と圧縮空気とを混合して接触表面34,44に投射する処理である。ブラスト材はたとえば、球状のショット材及び角状のグリッド材である。サンドブラスト処理により、ピン側接触表面34、ボックス側接触表面44、又はめっき層の表面粗さを大きくできる。サンドブラスト処理は、周知の方法により実施できる。たとえば、コンプレッサーで空気を圧縮し、圧縮空気とブラスト材を混合する。ブラスト材の材質はたとえば、ステンレス鋼、アルミ、セラミック及びアルミナ等である。サンドブラスト処理の投射速度等の条件は、適宜設定できる。
酸洗処理は、硫酸、塩酸、硝酸もしくはフッ酸等の強酸液に、ピン側接触表面34又はボックス側接触表面44の少なくとも一方を浸漬して接触表面34又は44を荒らす処理である。これにより、接触表面34又は44の表面粗さを大きくできる。
本実施形態による管用ねじ継手の製造方法は、潤滑被膜層形成工程の前に、化成処理工程を備えてもよい。化成処理は、表面粗さの大きな多孔質の化成処理被膜を形成する処理である。化成処理はたとえば、燐酸塩化成処理、蓚酸塩化成処理及び硼酸塩化成処理である。潤滑被膜層21の密着性の観点からは、燐酸塩化成処理が好ましい。燐酸塩化成処理はたとえば、燐酸マンガン、燐酸亜鉛、燐酸鉄マンガン又は燐酸亜鉛カルシウムを用いた燐酸塩化成処理である。
試験番号1では、ピン表面及びボックス表面に対し、機械研削仕上げを行った。その後、ピン表面及びボックス表面の両方に、潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物を常温(約25℃)でスプレー塗布して、潤滑被膜層を形成した。潤滑被膜層の膜厚は、所定のスプレー圧力及び対象面までの距離から、単位面積及び単位時間当たりの塗布される組成物の重量とその比重を用いて、目標平均膜厚を算出し、その値が120~150μmの範囲になるように塗布した。
試験番号2~試験番号4及び試験番号8~試験番号10では、ピン表面及びボックス表面に対し、機械研削仕上げを行った。ピンに対しては、75~85℃の燐酸亜鉛用化成処理液中に10分間浸漬して、厚さ10μmの燐酸亜鉛被膜を形成した。ボックスに対しては、80~95℃の燐酸マンガン用化成処理液中に10分間浸漬して、厚さ12μmの燐酸マンガン被膜を形成した。その後、ピン表面及びボックス表面の両方に、潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物を常温(約20℃)でスプレー塗布して、潤滑被膜層を形成した。潤滑被膜層の膜厚は、所定のスプレー圧力及び対象面までの距離から、単位面積及び単位時間当たりの塗布される組成物の重量とその比重を用いて、目標平均膜厚を算出し、その値が120~150μmの範囲になるように塗布した。
試験番号5では、ピン表面に対し、機械研削仕上げを行った。75~85℃の燐酸亜鉛用化成処理液中に10分間浸漬して、厚さ10μmの燐酸亜鉛被膜を形成した。その上に、潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物を常温(約25℃)でスプレー塗布して、潤滑被膜層を形成した。潤滑被膜層の膜厚は、所定のスプレー圧力及び対象面までの距離から、単位面積及び単位時間当たりの塗布される組成物の重量とその比重を用いて、目標平均膜厚を算出し、その値が120~150μmの範囲になるように塗布した。
試験番号6及び試験番号7では、ピン表面及びボックス表面に対し、機械研削仕上げを行った。その後、ブラスト加工により表面粗さを形成した。その後、ピン表面及びボックス表面の両方に、潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物を常温(約20℃)でスプレー塗布して、潤滑被膜層を形成した。潤滑被膜層の膜厚は、所定のスプレー圧力及び対象面までの距離から、単位面積及び単位時間当たりの塗布される組成物の重量とその比重を用いて、目標平均膜厚を算出し、その値が120~150μmの範囲になるように塗布した。
試験番号11では、ピン表面及びボックス表面に対し、機械研削仕上げを行った。ピン表面に対しては、75~85℃の燐酸亜鉛用化成処理液中に10分間浸漬して、厚さ10μmの燐酸亜鉛被膜を形成した。ボックス表面に対しては、80~95℃の燐酸マンガン用化成処理液中に10分間浸漬して、厚さ12μmの燐酸マンガン被膜を形成した。その後、ピン表面及びボックス表面の両方に、潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物を常温(約25℃)でスプレー塗布して、潤滑被膜層を形成した。潤滑被膜層の膜厚は、所定のスプレー圧力及び対象面までの距離から、単位面積及び単位時間当たりの塗布される組成物の重量とその比重を用いて、目標平均膜厚を算出し、その値が120~150μmの範囲になるようにした。試験番号11では、組成物中にポリイソブチレンが含有されなかった。
試験番号12では、ピン表面及びボックス表面に対し、機械研削仕上げ及び燐酸塩化成処理を行った。その上に、API規格ドープを刷毛で塗布した。API規格ドープとは、API Bul 5A2に準拠して製造された油井管用ねじ用コンパウンドグリースである。API規格ドープの組成はグリースを基材とし、黒鉛粉:18±1.0%、鉛粉:30.5±0.6%、及び銅フレーク:3.3±0.3%含有すると規定されている。なお、この成分範囲においては、油井管用ねじ用コンパウンドグリースは同等の性能を有すると理解されている。
耐焼付き性評価は、繰返し締結試験により行った。試験番号1~試験番号12のピン及びボックスを用いて、室温(約25℃)でねじ締め及びねじ戻しを繰り返し、耐焼付き性を評価した。締結トルクは24350N・mとした。ねじ締め及びねじ戻しを1回行うごとに、ピン表面及びボックス表面を目視により観察した。目視観察により、ねじ部及び金属シール部における焼付きの発生状況を確認した。金属シール部は焼付き発生で試験終了とした。ねじ部は焼付きが軽微であり、ヤスリなどの手入れにより回復可能な場合には、焼付き疵を補修して試験を続行した。最大繰返し締結回数は15回とした。耐焼付き性の評価指標は、ねじ部で回復不可能な焼付き、及び、金属シール部で焼付きのいずれも発生しない最大の締結回数とした。結果を表3の「耐焼付き性(ねじ部で回復不可能な焼付き、及び、金属シール部で焼付きのいずれも発生しないで締結できた回数(回))」欄に示す。
試験番号1~試験番号12のピン及びボックスを用いて、トルクオンショルダー抵抗ΔT’を測定した。具体的には、締付け速度10rpm、締付けトルク42.8kN・mでねじ締めを行った。ねじ締めの際にトルクを測定し、図12に示す様なトルクチャートを作成した。図12中のTsは、ショルダリングトルクを示す。図12中のMTVは、線分Lと、トルクチャートとが交わるトルク値を表す。線分Lは、ショルダリング後のトルクチャートにおける線形域の傾きと同じ傾きを持ち、同線形域と比べて回転数が0.2%多い直線である。通常、トルクオンショルダー抵抗ΔT’を測定する場合には、Ty(イールドトルク)を使用する。しかしながら、本実施例では、イールドトルク(ショルダリング後におけるトルクチャートにおける、線形域と非線形域との境界)が不明瞭であった。そのため、線分Lを用いて、MTVを規定した。MTVとTsとの差分を、本実施例のトルクオンショルダー抵抗ΔT’とした。ハイトルク性能は、試験番号12において、潤滑被膜層の代わりにAPI規格ドープを使用した際のトルクオンショルダー抵抗ΔT’の数値を基準(100)として、本実施例のトルクオンショルダー抵抗ΔT’の相対値として求めた。結果を表3に示す。
表1~表3を参照して、試験番号1~試験番号10の管用ねじ継手の潤滑被膜層を形成する組成物は、ポリイソブチレンを有した。そのため、ねじ締め及びねじ戻しを10回繰り返しても、焼付きが発生せず、優れた耐焼付き性を示した。さらに、ハイトルク性能が100を超え、優れたハイトルク性能を示した。
2 カップリング
3 ピン
4 ボックス
21 潤滑被膜層
31 ピン側ねじ部
32 ピン側金属シール部
33 ピン側ショルダー部
34 ピン側接触表面
41 ボックス側ねじ部
42 ボックス側金属シール部
43 ボックス側ショルダー部
44 ボックス側接触表面
Claims (16)
- 管用ねじ継手に潤滑被膜層を形成するための組成物であって、
ポリイソブチレンと、
金属石鹸と、
ワックスと、
塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩とを含有する、組成物。 - 請求項1に記載の組成物であって、
前記組成物中の不揮発性成分の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、
ポリイソブチレン:5~30質量%、
金属石鹸:2~30質量%、
ワックス:2~30質量%、及び、
塩基性芳香族有機酸金属塩:10~70質量%を含有する、組成物。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の組成物であってさらに、
潤滑性粉末を含有する、組成物。 - 請求項3に記載の組成物であって、
前記組成物中の不揮発性成分の合計量を100質量%とした場合に、
潤滑性粉末:0.5~20質量%を含有する、組成物。 - 請求項3又は4に記載の組成物であって、
前記潤滑性粉末が、黒鉛及びポリテトラフルオロエチレンからなる群から選択される1種又は2種である、組成物。 - 請求項1~請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物であってさらに、
揮発性有機溶剤を含有する、組成物。 - 管用ねじ継手であって、
ピン側ねじ部を含むピン側接触表面を有するピンと、
ボックス側ねじ部を含むボックス側接触表面を有するボックスと、
前記ピン側接触表面上及び前記ボックス側接触表面上の少なくとも一方に、最表層として、請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物からなる潤滑被膜層とを備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項7に記載の管用ねじ継手であって、
前記ピン側接触表面上に、前記潤滑被膜層を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項8に記載の管用ねじ継手であってさらに、
前記ピン側接触表面と前記潤滑被膜層との間に、めっき層を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項9に記載の管用ねじ継手であってさらに、
前記潤滑被膜層と前記めっき層との間に、化成処理被膜を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項8又は請求項9に記載の管用ねじ継手であって、
前記めっき層を備えない場合には前記ピン側接触表面が、ブラスト処理及び酸洗からなる群から選択される1種又は2種の処理をされた面であり、
前記めっき層を備える場合には前記めっき層表面が、ブラスト処理及び酸洗からなる群から選択される1種又は2種の処理をされた面である、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項7に記載の管用ねじ継手であって、
前記ボックス側接触表面上に、前記潤滑被膜層を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項12に記載の管用ねじ継手であってさらに、
前記ボックス側接触表面と前記潤滑被膜層との間に、めっき層を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項13に記載の管用ねじ継手であってさらに、
前記潤滑被膜層と前記めっき層との間に、化成処理被膜を備える、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項12又は請求項13に記載の管用ねじ継手であって、
前記めっき層を備えない場合には前記ボックス側接触表面が、ブラスト処理及び酸洗からなる群から選択される1種又は2種の処理をされた面であり、
前記めっき層を備える場合には前記めっき層表面が、ブラスト処理及び酸洗からなる群から選択される1種又は2種の処理をされた面である、管用ねじ継手。 - 請求項7~請求項15のいずれか1項に記載の管用ねじ継手であって、
前記ピン側接触表面はさらに、ピン側金属シール部及びピン側ショルダー部を含み、
前記ボックス側接触表面はさらに、ボックス側金属シール部及びボックス側ショルダー部を含む、管用ねじ継手。
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AU2019421433A1 (en) | 2021-07-22 |
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