WO2020142818A1

WO2020142818A1 - Method for obtaining ballistic grouping of layers of fabric or non-woven fabric, with assembly in ballistic protection systems for impact absorption

Info

Publication number: WO2020142818A1
Application number: PCT/BR2019/050324
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ítalo FARIAS; Christian CALLAS
Original assignee: Coplatex Indústria E Comércio De Tecidos Ltda
Priority date: 2019-01-07
Filing date: 2019-08-08
Publication date: 2020-07-16
Also published as: BR102019000277A2

Abstract

To uniformly dissipate the energy from ballistic impacts in the fibres of ballistic armour layers, using a ballistic grouping (8). For this purpose, these ballistic groupings (8) are obtained from two or more layers (1) and (2) of ballistic fabric, in which the pores (4) and upper and lower faces of both layers are coated with polymer resin (3), and an elastomeric polymer (5) is inserted between said layers, followed by the heated pressing step for this assembly. With compacting, the polymer coating (3) promotes the uniform fluidity of the elastomeric polymer (5) through the pores (4) and over the faces of the layers of ballistic fabric (1) and (2), resulting in a ballistic grouping (8). When the armour is reached by a projectile (PJ), the polymer resin coating (3) of the first grouping (8) is only adhered to the polymer resin coating (3) of the subsequent ballistic grouping (8) at the point of impact (IM), and so on, thereby, in combination with the flexibility of the elastomeric polymer (5), uniformly dissipating the energy of ballistic impacts (IM) without causing injury to the user.

Description

“PROCES SO TO OBTAIN GROUPING

BALLISTIC OF FABRIC OR NON-WOVEN FABRIC LAYERS, ASSEMBLED IN BALLISTIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR ABS IMPACT ORION ”

[001] The present specification refers to a patent application for an innovative concept in the adhesion between layers of a ballistic composite exactly at the points of impact and deformation region and in the closing of the pores in raw fabrics, where at least two layers of fabric are impregnated with a polymeric resin and, between them (upper fabric layer and lower fabric layer), an elastomeric polymer is inserted. This arrangement is then hot-compacted at a specific temperature, causing, through the fluidity offered by the polymeric resin, the passage and uniform filling of the pores of the two layers of fabric by the elastomeric polymer, forming a ballistic tissue group. In this process, when applied to unidirectional non-woven fabrics that do not have pores, the impregnation of the polymeric resin must occur on the opposite side to the side that will receive the elastomeric polymer.

[002] Each group is assembled in several units to form a ballistic shield, used in ballistic protection systems such as ballistic vests and in armor in general.

[003] According to the project, after the assemblies assembled in several units, they are joined by the polymeric resin only at the moment of impact coming from the projectile, and that anchoring between the cluster units significantly increases ballistic efficiency. Thanks to the highly resistant coating offered by the polymeric resin in combination with the flexibility offered by the slastomeric polymer, the effect of Significant reduction in longitudinal multilaminar drawing, capable of dissipating the energy of the impact, preserving the lives of the military, police and other security agents.

State of the art

[004] As is already known, in order to obtain greater mechanical resistance by ballistic fibers (high tenacity fibers) - control of longitudinal drawing, it is necessary to use weaving techniques or insertion of fasteners in order to provoke the longitudinal energy transfer in primary and secondary fibers.

[005] In the weaving technique, ballistic fabrics are woven by ballistic fibers in the form of screens and receive non-continuous multidirectional non-woven fibers (plumes) that are fixed to the pores of the fabric by the needle process that allows the filling of the pores by themselves non-continuous fibers (plume). Figure 1 shows (as an example for the order to be described later), the interlacing of fabric fibers for the multilaminar control of longitudinal drawing, resulting from the action of the projectile, dissipating the energy of the ballistic impact. Figure 1 shows the direction of longitudinal energy transfer in primary and secondary fibers.

[006] In the polymer impregnation technique, ballistic blankets have their fibers tacked by a diluted or solid polymer, superficially. Figure 2 shows (also by way of example for the order to be described later), a unidirectional fabric - UD, where the transfer of energy between the fibers is caused by the fixing polymer applied between the layers, with greater coverage by dispersion linear with the absence of pores. It has greater resistance to perforation but less absorption of longitudinal drawing on the fiber. [007] These two construction models, whether woven or non-woven fabrics for ballistic application, can also be made in several layers of fabrics superimposed on each other by multilevels, being fixed together by seams for better control of longitudinal drawing.

[008] In any case, in both cases, although the efficiency increases with a greater number of adhesive layers, the rigidity of the compound also increases and this brings discomfort to the user, as in the case of the use of adhesive polymers to manufacture a ballistic compound. In the case of the use of staple fibers needled in the pores of the ballistic tissue, these do not present good resistance to abrasion, or even low water absorption, factors that greatly harm the ballistic compound. The aforementioned techniques are efficient in that they eliminate central seams for joining the ballistic fabric layers.

[009] In this sense, the patent document AU 2016380794 entitled “BALLISTIC MATERIALS INCORPORATING FALSE NON-WOVEN FABRICS”, formed by a plurality of ballistic layers, can be seen, as can be seen in the image inserted as figure 3 (also as an example for the order to be described later), which protects a fabric formed by a first ballistic layer produced by needled fibers of ballistic quality fabric such as “Kevlar” or Twaron ”paraamide fibers, receiving several overlapping layers for mechanical interlacing with a layer of non-woven fabric made of para-amide fibers, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, graphene, spider silk, carbon nano-tubes, multi-component fibers or co-polymer fibers. This composition has multiple blades, used to control laminar drawing. [010] In any case, for the best efficiency in the control of the longitudinal drawing of the ballistic fibers and impact absorption, it is necessary an adequate interaction between the layers that make up the shield, to obtain the necessary security.

Patent Objective

[01 1] The layer grouping system for absorbing ballistic impacts, which is the reason for this patent application, comes to propose exactly the reduction of the ballistic fibers (elongation) used in bulletproof vests during the impact of the projectile, obtaining them a significant reduction in trauma (BFS) measured on a control mass (supporting material) in line with current ballistic testing standards.

[012] The fabric also makes possible a greater area of ballistic protection in vests and optimization of the use of ballistic fiber, obtaining less weight, impermeability and giving greater flexibility in the whole group formed, in addition to acquiring greater resistance to threats by sharp objects .

[013] Explained superficially, the ballistic layer grouping system and the system that surrounds it, become more detailed.

[014] Figures 1, 2 and 3, as already explained, refer to the state of the art.

[015] The following figures, from 4 to 18, refer to the request in question:

[016] Figure 4 - plan view of the raw tissue with open pores;

[017] Figure 5 - Perspective view of the raw tissue according to the previous figure;

[018] Figure 6 - perspective view of one of the layers of fabric receiving the application of polymeric resin;

[019] Figure 7 - view of the fabric layer already impregnated with polymeric resin. Detail A enlarged, showing the pores and two sides of the fabric layers covered by polymeric resin;

[020] Figure 8 - front view of the pre-assembly of the fabric layers already resined and, between these, the elastomeric polymer is inserted;

[021] Figure 9 - perspective view according to the previous figure;

[022] Figure 10 - front view of the assembly made for hot setting. Detail B showing the total contact of the elastomeric polymer with the polymeric resin coating of the fabric layers;

[023] Figure 1 1 - plan view, according to the previous figure;

[024] Figure 12 - isometric view, according to the previous figure;

[025] Figure 13 - front view of the fabric layers and the elastomeric polymer, accommodated in the hot press plates of the press;

[026] Figure 14 - isometric view according to the previous figure;

[027] Figure 15 - top view of the pressing carried out forming the ballistic group;

[028] Figure 16 - isometric view according to the previous figure. In detail C it is shown that, during pressing, the elastomer flows through the pores and the upper and lower faces of the fabric layers, favored by the polymeric coating, impregnating itself uniformly;

[029] Figure 17 - shows, schematically, the beginning of the ballistic impact;

[030] Figure 18 - shows, schematically, the ballistic impact after penetration of the projectile into the layers, and the multilayer longitudinal drawing system offered by the ballistic group units. In this condition, the energy of ballistic impacts is evenly dissipated in the fibers of the ballistic shielding layers. [03 1] In accordance with the attached drawings, the “PROCES SO FOR OBTAINING BALLISTIC GROUPING OF TISSUE OR NON-WOVEN FABRIC LAYERS, WITH ASSEMBLY IN BALLISTIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS FOR AB IMPACT SORPTION”, object of this patent application of invention, refers to an arrangement whereby a first layer of ballistic tissue (1) and a second layer of ballistic tissue (2) still in the raw state, as shown in figures 4 and 5, receive, between the weft and warp from which the polymeric resin coating (3) is impregnated, as shown in figure 6.

[032] After this application, as shown in figure 7, a polymeric resin coating is therefore formed in the ballistic tissue layers (1) and (2) over its entire area, that is, covering the entire surface and the pores (4) of the weft and warp, as shown in detail A.

[033] Thus constituted, the layers of ballistic tissue (1) and (2) receive, among themselves, the positioning of an elastomeric polymer (5), as shown in figures 8 and 9. With such an arrangement, the elastomeric polymer ( 5) it makes full contact of surfaces with the polymeric resin coating (3), as shown in figures 10 and its detail B and, thus assembled, as shown in figures 11 and 12, the set is brought into compaction (P).

[034] As shown in figures 13 and 14, under the action of the heated elements (P l) and (P2) of the compaction (P), the arrangement undergoes great pressure at a predetermined temperature, so that, through the melting of the polymeric resin (3) the elastomeric material (5) flows evenly through the pores (4), overtaking and closing them, being impregnated uniformly and totally, covering the two faces of both layers of fabric (1) and (2), forming a only body in ballistic grouping configuration (8) as shown in figures 15 and 16.

[035] Thus formed, the ballistic grouping (8) will be assembled in several units, as many as necessary, overlapping but loose among themselves in a ballistic vest for example (not shown), which may also contain layers of other materials already known for complement protection.

[036] As shown in schematic figure 17, at the moment the user suffers the action of a projectile (PJ), the complementary layers fulfill their function of dissipating (D) the ballistic energy exerted and, thus, avoiding the penetration, as show the arrows. At the same time, as shown in figure 18, upon reaching the first ballistic group (8), as proposed by the invention, only at the point of impact (IM) ballistic, the polymeric resin coating (3) of that first group (8) it is adhered to the polymeric resin (3) of the subsequent aggregate (8) and so on, forming a point of minimum longitudinal multi-laminar drawing (elongation) but favored by the combination of the flexible action of the elastomer (5). Thus, by the union (U) of the ballistic groupings (8) at the point of impact (IM), a significant increase in ballistic performance is generated since the tensile force given off by the fibers was evenly distributed between layers, making the drawing minimum longitudinal, avoiding serious injuries to the user (BFS - trauma measured on a witness mass, support material). Cutting piercing penetration is also avoided because the adhesion by polymeric resin coatings (3) between ballistic groups (8), in addition to preserving the fibers making the service life longer, also generates a reduction in the use of the amount of fibers for their production.

Claims

1 - “PROCES SO FOR OBTAINING BALLISTIC GROUPING OF LAYERS OF TISSUE OR NON-WOVEN TISSUE”, consists of a first layer of ballistic fabric (1) and a second layer of ballistic fabric (2) still in the raw state, which receive, both on the upper and lower faces, as well as between the pores of the weft and warp from which they are formed, the impregnation of a polymeric resin (3), said layers of ballistic fabric (1) characterized by being assembled with the introduction of an elastomeric polymer (5), the arrangement being thus composed, taken to a stage of compaction (P) and, under the action of heated elements (P l) and (P2), in pressure and temperature predetermined, the melting of the polymeric resin (3) is caused, causing the elastomeric material (5) to flow evenly through the pores (4), overcoming them and closing them, being impregnated uniformly and totally, covering the two faces of both layers of fabric (1) and (2), forming a single confi ballistic clustering configuration (8).

2 - “ASSEMBLY IN BALLISTIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS”, according to the ballistic grouping (8) defined in claim 1, after several units assembled independently from each other, and can be used together with known protection elements, in a system to of ballistic protection, said groupings (8), when they are impacted by a projectile (PJ) and the first ballistic group (8) is characterized, characterized by, only at this point of impact (IM) the polymeric resin coating (3 ) of said first grouping (8) to be adhered to the polymeric resin coating (3) of the subsequent ballistic compound (8) and so on. 3 - “IMPACT ABSORPTION”, according to claim 2, characterized by the reduction of longitudinal drawing with the adhesion between the polymeric resin coatings (3) of the successive units of ballistic groupings (8), at the point of impact (IM ), in combination with the flexibility of the elastomer (5), evenly dissipating the energy of ballistic impacts on the fibers of the ballistic tissue layers (1) and (2).