WO2020141915A1 - Procédé et dispositif de traitement de signal vidéo sur la base d'une prédiction de vecteur de mouvement basé sur l'historique - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de traitement de signal vidéo sur la base d'une prédiction de vecteur de mouvement basé sur l'historique Download PDF

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WO2020141915A1
WO2020141915A1 PCT/KR2020/000072 KR2020000072W WO2020141915A1 WO 2020141915 A1 WO2020141915 A1 WO 2020141915A1 KR 2020000072 W KR2020000072 W KR 2020000072W WO 2020141915 A1 WO2020141915 A1 WO 2020141915A1
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merge
candidate
list
block
unit
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PCT/KR2020/000072
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Korean (ko)
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조제인
김승환
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/105—Selection of the reference unit for prediction within a chosen coding or prediction mode, e.g. adaptive choice of position and number of pixels used for prediction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136—Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137—Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H04N19/139—Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/42—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation
    • H04N19/423—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by implementation details or hardware specially adapted for video compression or decompression, e.g. dedicated software implementation characterised by memory arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards

Definitions

  • An embodiment of the present specification relates to a method and apparatus for processing a video signal based on inter prediction, and in particular, performing inter prediction using history-based motion vector prediction It relates to a method and apparatus for.
  • Compression coding refers to a series of signal processing techniques for transmitting digitized information through a communication line or storing it in a form suitable for a storage medium.
  • Media such as video, image, and audio may be the subject of compression encoding, and a technique for performing compression encoding on an image is referred to as video image compression.
  • Next-generation video content will be characterized by high spatial resolution, high frame rate, and high dimensionality of scene representation. In order to process such content, it will bring a huge increase in terms of memory storage, memory access rate and processing power.
  • the objective of the embodiments of the present specification proposes a limitation on redundancy check to add HMVP candidates to a merge list (or AMVP list).
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a method for processing a video signal based on history-based motion vector prediction, comprising: constructing a merge list based on spatially and temporally neighboring blocks in a current block; If the number of merge candidates in the merge list is smaller than a predefined size, adding a history-based merge candidate indicating motion information of a block coded before the current block to the merge list; Obtaining a merge index indicating a merge candidate used for inter prediction of the current block in the merge list; Generating a prediction block of the current block based on motion information of a merge candidate indicated by the merge index; Restoring the current block by adding a residual block of the current block to the prediction block; And updating a history-based candidate list based on the motion information of the merge candidate, wherein the history-based merge candidate has motion information that does not overlap with a predefined merge candidate among merge candidates included in the merge list. In case, it can be added to the merge list.
  • the method may further include adding a zero motion vector to the merge list.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be added to the merge list when motion information does not overlap with a specific spatial merge candidate included in the merge list.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be derived from a predefined number of candidates in the history-based candidate list.
  • the history-based space time candidate can be derived using two of the history-based merge candidates and the time merge candidate.
  • the motion vector of the history-based spatial time candidate may be derived from an average value of the motion vectors of the two history-based merge candidates and an average value of the motion vectors of the time merge candidates.
  • an apparatus for processing a video signal based on inter prediction comprising: a memory for storing the video signal; And a processor coupled with the memory, wherein the processor configures a merge list based on spatially and temporally neighboring blocks in the current block, and the number of merge candidates in the merge list is smaller than a predefined size.
  • a zero motion vector may be added to the merge list.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be added to the merge list when motion information that does not overlap with a predetermined number of merge candidates among the merge candidates included in the merge list may be added.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be added to the merge list when motion information does not overlap with a specific spatial merge candidate included in the merge list.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be derived from a predefined number of candidates in the history-based candidate list.
  • the processor adds a history-based space-time merge candidate, and the history-based space time candidate can be derived using two of the history-based merge candidates and the time merge candidate.
  • the motion vector of the history-based spatial time candidate may be derived from an average value of the motion vectors of the two history-based merge candidates and an average value of the motion vectors of the time merge candidates.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a video coding system according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an encoding apparatus for encoding a video/image signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present specification, and shows a schematic block diagram of a decoding apparatus for decoding a video signal.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a structural diagram of a content streaming system according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a block diagram of an apparatus for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of a block division structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6A is a QT (quad tree, hereinafter referred to as'QT')
  • FIG. 3B is a BT (binary tree, hereinafter referred to as'BT')
  • FIG. 3C shows an example of block division structures by an TT (ternary tree, hereinafter referred to as'TT')
  • FIG. 3D an AT (asymmetric tree, hereinafter referred to as'TT').
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate a video/video encoding procedure based on inter prediction and an inter prediction unit in an encoding device.
  • 9 and 10 illustrate a video/video decoding procedure based on inter prediction and an inter prediction unit in a decoding device.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a spatial merge candidate configuration for the current block.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a flowchart for configuring a merge candidate list according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a flowchart for constructing a prediction candidate list (MVP candidate list).
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of a control point motion vector for affine motion prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of a motion vector for each sub-block of a block to which affine motion prediction is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in an affine merge mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a block in which affine motion prediction is performed using a neighboring block to which affine motion prediction is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a merge candidate list using a neighboring affine coding block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 and 21 are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing an affine merge candidate list using neighboring blocks encoded with affine prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 shows an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 24 and 25 are diagrams illustrating a method of deriving a motion vector candidate using motion information of neighboring blocks in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 26 illustrates an example of a method of deriving an affine motion vector field in sub-block units according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a method of storing HMVP according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram for describing an HMVP table operating in a non-limiting FIFO method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 29 is a diagram for describing an HMVP table operating in a limited FIFO method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an HMVP LUT and a long term HMVP LUT according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 31 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of updating an HMVP LUT according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 32 is a diagram illustrating a method of limiting the number of HMVP candidates to be subjected to pruning check according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 33 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of performing a pruning check according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining a method for deriving an H-STMVP candidate using motion vectors referring to different reference pictures according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 35 is a diagram illustrating a location of a block for deriving an HMVP candidate that is an inherited apparel according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 36 is a diagram illustrating an affine merge list or affine AMVP list according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 37 is a diagram for describing a method of performing affine prediction based on affine HMVP according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • 38 is a flowchart illustrating a method of processing a video signal based on inter prediction according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • 39 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a service system including a digital device.
  • 40 is a block diagram illustrating a digital device according to an embodiment.
  • 41 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.
  • FIG. 42 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.
  • FIG. 43 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the control unit of FIGS. 40 to 42 to illustrate an embodiment.
  • 44 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a screen of a digital device displays a main image and a sub image simultaneously according to an embodiment.
  • signals, data, samples, pictures, slices, tiles, frames, and blocks may be interpreted by appropriately replacing each coding process.
  • the'processing unit' refers to a unit in which encoding/decoding processing such as prediction, transformation, and/or quantization is performed.
  • the processing unit may be interpreted to include a unit for a luminance component and a unit for a chroma component.
  • the processing unit may correspond to a block, a coding unit (CU), a prediction unit (PU), or a transform unit (TU).
  • the processing unit may be interpreted as a unit for a luminance component or a unit for a color difference component.
  • the processing unit may correspond to a coding tree block (CTB), a coding block (CB), a PU or a transform block (TB) for the luminance component.
  • the processing unit may correspond to CTB, CB, PU or TB for the color difference component.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the processing unit may be interpreted to include a unit for a luminance component and a unit for a color difference component.
  • processing unit is not necessarily limited to square blocks, and may be configured in a polygonal shape having three or more vertices.
  • pixels, pixels, or coefficients transformation coefficients or transform coefficients that have undergone first-order transformation
  • samples are hereinafter collectively referred to as samples.
  • using a sample may mean using a pixel value, a pixel value, or a coefficient (a transform coefficient or a transform coefficient that has undergone first-order transformation).
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a video coding system according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the video coding system can include a source device 10 and a receiving device 20.
  • the source device 10 may transmit the encoded video/video information or data to the receiving device 20 through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming form.
  • the source device 10 may include a video source 11, an encoding device 12, and a transmitter 13.
  • the receiving device 20 may include a receiver 21, a decoding device 22 and a renderer 23.
  • the encoding device 10 may be referred to as a video/video encoding device, and the decoding device 20 may be referred to as a video/video decoding device.
  • the transmitter 13 may be included in the encoding device 12.
  • the receiver 21 may be included in the decoding device 22.
  • the renderer 23 may include a display unit, and the display unit may be configured as a separate device or an external component.
  • the video source may acquire a video/image through a capture, synthesis, or generation process of the video/image.
  • the video source may include a video/image capture device and/or a video/image generation device.
  • the video/image capture device may include, for example, one or more cameras, a video/image archive including previously captured video/images, and the like.
  • the video/image generating device may include, for example, a computer, a tablet and a smartphone, and may (electronically) generate a video/image.
  • a virtual video/image may be generated through a computer or the like, and in this case, a video/image capture process may be replaced by a process in which related data is generated.
  • the encoding device 12 may encode an input video/image.
  • the encoding apparatus 12 may perform a series of procedures such as prediction, transformation, and quantization for compression and coding efficiency.
  • the encoded data (encoded video/image information) may be output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the transmitting unit 13 may transmit the encoded video/video information or data output in the form of a bitstream to a receiving unit of a receiving device through a digital storage medium or a network in a file or streaming format.
  • Digital storage media include universal serial bus (USB), secure digital (SD), compact disk (CD), digital video disk (DVD), bluray, hard disk drive (HDD), and solid state drive (SSD). It may include various storage media.
  • the transmission unit 13 may include an element for generating a media file through a predetermined file format, and may include an element for transmission through a broadcast/communication network.
  • the receiver 21 may extract the bitstream and transmit it to the decoding device 22.
  • the decoding apparatus 22 may decode a video/image by performing a series of procedures such as inverse quantization, inverse transformation, and prediction corresponding to the operation of the encoding apparatus 12.
  • the renderer 23 may render the decoded video/image.
  • the rendered video/image may be displayed through the display unit.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of an encoding apparatus for encoding a video/image signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 includes an image division unit 110, a subtraction unit 115, a conversion unit 120, a quantization unit 130, an inverse quantization unit 140, and an inverse conversion unit 150, It may include an adder 155, a filtering unit 160, a memory 170, an inter prediction unit 180, an intra prediction unit 185, and an entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 and the intra prediction unit 185 may be collectively referred to as a prediction unit. That is, the prediction unit may include an inter prediction unit 180 and an intra prediction unit 185.
  • the transform unit 120, the quantization unit 130, the inverse quantization unit 140, and the inverse transform unit 150 may be included in a residual processing unit.
  • the residual processing unit may further include a subtraction unit 115.
  • the above-described image segmentation unit 110, subtraction unit 115, conversion unit 120, quantization unit 130, inverse quantization unit 140, inverse conversion unit 150, addition unit 155, filtering unit 160 ), the inter prediction unit 180, the intra prediction unit 185 and the entropy encoding unit 190 may be configured by one hardware component (for example, an encoder or processor) according to an embodiment.
  • the memory 170 may be configured by one hardware component (eg, a memory or digital storage medium) according to an embodiment, and the memory 170 may include a decoded picture buff-er (DPB) 175 Can be.
  • DPB decoded picture buff-er
  • the image division unit 110 may divide the input image (or picture, frame) input to the encoding apparatus 100 into one or more processing units.
  • the processing unit may be referred to as a coding unit (CU).
  • the coding unit may be recursively divided according to a quad-tree binary-tree (QTBT) structure from a coding tree unit (CTU) or a largest coding unit (LCU).
  • QTBT quad-tree binary-tree
  • CTU coding tree unit
  • LCU largest coding unit
  • one coding unit may be divided into a plurality of coding units of a deeper depth based on a quad tree structure and/or a binary tree structure.
  • a quad tree structure may be applied first, and a binary tree structure may be applied later.
  • a binary tree structure may be applied first.
  • the coding procedure according to the present specification may be performed based on the final coding unit that is no longer split.
  • the maximum coding unit may be directly used as the final coding unit based on coding efficiency according to image characteristics, or the coding unit may be recursively divided into coding units having a lower depth than optimal if necessary.
  • the coding unit of the size of can be used as the final coding unit.
  • the coding procedure may include procedures such as prediction, transformation, and reconstruction, which will be described later.
  • the processing unit may further include a prediction unit (PU) or a transformation unit (TU).
  • the prediction unit and transform unit may be partitioned or partitioned from the above-described final coding unit, respectively.
  • the prediction unit may be a unit of sample prediction
  • the transformation unit may be a unit for deriving a transform coefficient and/or a unit for deriving a residual signal from the transform coefficient.
  • the unit may be used interchangeably with terms such as a block or area in some cases.
  • the MxN block may represent samples of M columns and N rows or a set of transform coefficients.
  • the sample may generally represent a pixel or a pixel value, and may indicate only a pixel/pixel value of a luma component or only a pixel/pixel value of a saturation component.
  • the sample may be used as a term for one picture (or image) corresponding to a pixel or pel.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 subtracts a prediction signal (a predicted block, a prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 180 or the intra prediction unit 185 from the input image signal (original block, original sample array)
  • a signal (remaining block, residual sample array) may be generated, and the generated residual signal is transmitted to the converter 120.
  • a unit that subtracts a prediction signal (a prediction block, a prediction sample array) from an input video signal (original block, original sample array) in the encoding apparatus 100 may be referred to as a subtraction unit 115.
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on a block to be processed (hereinafter, referred to as a current block) and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied in units of blocks or CUs.
  • the prediction unit may generate various pieces of information about prediction, such as prediction mode information, as described later in the description of each prediction mode, and transmit them to the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the prediction information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the intra prediction unit 185 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or may be located apart depending on a prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the non-directional mode may include, for example, a DC mode and a planar mode (planar mode).
  • the directional mode may include, for example, 33 directional prediction modes or 65 directional prediction modes depending on the degree of detail of the prediction direction. However, this is an example, and more or less directional prediction modes may be used depending on the setting.
  • the intra prediction unit 185 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.) information.
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture.
  • the reference picture including the reference block and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may be the same or different.
  • the temporal neighboring block may be called a name such as a collocated reference block or a colCU, and the reference picture including the temporal neighboring block may also be called a collocated picture (colPic).
  • the inter prediction unit 180 constructs a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and generates information indicating which candidate is used to derive the motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block. can do. Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes. For example, in the case of the skip mode and the merge mode, the inter prediction unit 180 may use motion information of neighboring blocks as motion information of the current block.
  • the residual signal may not be transmitted.
  • the motion vector of the current block is obtained by using the motion vector of the neighboring block as a motion vector predictor and signaling a motion vector difference. I can order.
  • the prediction signal generated by the inter prediction unit 180 or the intra prediction unit 185 may be used to generate a reconstructed signal or may be used to generate a residual signal.
  • the transform unit 120 may generate transform coefficients by applying a transform technique to the residual signal.
  • the transformation technique may include at least one of a discrete cosine transform (DCT), a discrete sine transform (DST), a Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT), a graph-based transform (GBT), or a conditionally non-linear transform (CNT).
  • DCT discrete cosine transform
  • DST discrete sine transform
  • KLT Karhunen-Loeve transform
  • GBT graph-based transform
  • CNT conditionally non-linear transform
  • GBT means a transformation obtained from this graph when it is said that the relationship information between pixels is graphically represented.
  • CNT means a transform obtained by generating a prediction signal using all previously reconstructed pixels and based on it.
  • the transform process may be applied to pixel blocks having the same size of a square, or may be applied to blocks of variable sizes other than squares.
  • the quantization unit 130 quantizes the transform coefficients and transmits them to the entropy encoding unit 190, and the entropy encoding unit 190 encodes a quantized signal (information about quantized transform coefficients) and outputs it as a bitstream. have.
  • Information about quantized transform coefficients may be referred to as residual information.
  • the quantization unit 130 may rearrange the block-type quantized transform coefficients into a one-dimensional vector form based on a coefficient scan order, and the quantized transform based on the one-dimensional vector form quantized transform coefficients Information about coefficients may be generated.
  • the entropy encoding unit 190 may perform various encoding methods such as exponential Golomb (CAVLC), context-adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC), and context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC).
  • the entropy encoding unit 190 may encode information necessary for video/image reconstruction (eg, values of syntax elements) together with the quantized transform coefficients together or separately.
  • the encoded information (eg, video/video information) may be transmitted or stored in the unit of a network abstraction layer (NAL) unit in the form of a bitstream.
  • NAL network abstraction layer
  • the bitstream can be transmitted over a network, or it can be stored on a digital storage medium.
  • the network may include a broadcasting network and/or a communication network
  • the digital storage medium may include various storage media such as USB, SD, CD, DVD, Blu-ray, HDD, SSD.
  • the signal output from the entropy encoding unit 190 may be configured as an internal/external element of the encoding device 100 by a transmitting unit (not shown) and/or a storing unit (not shown) for storing, or the transmitting unit It may be a component of the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantization unit 130 may be used to generate a prediction signal.
  • the residual signal may be reconstructed by applying inverse quantization and inverse transform through the inverse quantization unit 140 and the inverse transform unit 150 in the loop to the quantized transform coefficients.
  • the adder 155 adds the reconstructed residual signal to the predicted signal output from the inter predictor 180 or the intra predictor 185, so that the reconstructed signal (restored picture, reconstructed block, reconstructed sample array) Can be generated. If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the adding unit 155 may be referred to as a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture through filtering as described below.
  • the filtering unit 160 may apply subjective/objective filtering to improve the subjective/objective image quality.
  • the filtering unit 160 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and may transmit the modified reconstructed picture to the decoded picture buffer 170.
  • Various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset, adaptive loop fil-ter, and bilateral filter.
  • the filtering unit 160 may generate various information regarding filtering as described later in the description of each filtering method and transmit it to the entropy encoding unit 190.
  • the filtering information may be encoded by the entropy encoding unit 190 and output in the form of a bitstream.
  • the corrected reconstructed picture transmitted to the decoded picture buffer 170 may be used as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180.
  • the inter prediction is applied through the encoding apparatus 100, prediction mismatches in the encoding apparatus 100 and the decoding apparatus 200 may be avoided, and encoding efficiency may be improved.
  • the decoded picture buffer 170 may store the corrected reconstructed picture for use as a reference picture in the inter prediction unit 180.
  • FIG. 3 is an embodiment of the present specification, and shows a schematic block diagram of a decoding apparatus for decoding a video signal.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 includes an entropy decoding unit 210, an inverse quantization unit 220, an inverse conversion unit 230, an addition unit 235, a filtering unit 240, a memory 250, and an inter It may be configured to include a prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 and the intra prediction unit 265 may be collectively referred to as a prediction unit. That is, the prediction unit may include an inter prediction unit 180 and an intra prediction unit 185.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 and the inverse conversion unit 230 may be collectively referred to as a residual processing unit. That is, the residual processing unit may include an inverse quantization unit 220 and an inverse conversion unit 230.
  • the decoded picture buffer 250 may be implemented by one hardware component (eg, a memory or digital storage medium) according to an embodiment.
  • the memory 250 may include the DPB 175 and may be configured by a digital storage medium.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may restore an image in response to a process in which the video/image information is processed by the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may perform decoding using a processing unit applied by the encoding apparatus 100.
  • the processing unit may be, for example, a coding unit, and the coding unit may be divided according to a quad tree structure and/or a binary tree structure from a coding tree unit or a largest coding unit. Then, the decoded video signal decoded and output through the decoding device 200 may be reproduced through the reproduction device.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may receive the signal output from the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 in the form of a bitstream, and the received signal may be decoded through the entropy decoding unit 210.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 may parse the bitstream to derive information (eg, video/image information) necessary for image reconstruction (or picture reconstruction).
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 decodes information in a bitstream based on a coding method such as exponential Golomb coding, CAVLC, or CABAC, and quantizes a value of a syntax element necessary for image reconstruction and a transform coefficient for residual.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method receives bins corresponding to each syntax element in a bitstream, and decodes syntax information of the decoding target syntax element and surrounding and decoding target blocks, or symbols/bins decoded in the previous step.
  • the context model is determined using the information of, and the probability of occurrence of the bin is predicted according to the determined context model to perform arithmetic decoding of the bin to generate a symbol corresponding to the value of each syntax element. have.
  • the CABAC entropy decoding method may update the context model using the decoded symbol/bin information for the next symbol/bin context model after determining the context model.
  • the entropy decoding unit 210 performs entropy decoding.
  • the dual value that is, quantized transform coefficients and related parameter information may be input to the inverse quantization unit 220.
  • information related to filtering among information decoded by the entropy decoding unit 210 may be provided to the filtering unit 240.
  • a receiving unit (not shown) receiving a signal output from the encoding apparatus 100 may be further configured as an internal/external element of the decoding apparatus 200, or the receiving unit may be a component of the entropy decoding unit 210. It may be.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may output transform coefficients by inverse quantizing the quantized transform coefficients.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may rearrange the quantized transform coefficients in a two-dimensional block form. In this case, reordering may be performed based on the coefficient scan order performed by the encoding apparatus 100.
  • the inverse quantization unit 220 may perform inverse quantization on quantized transform coefficients using a quantization parameter (eg, quantization step size information), and obtain a transform coefficient.
  • a quantization parameter eg, quantization step size information
  • the inverse transform unit 230 may output a residual signal (residual block, residual sample array) by applying an inverse transform to the transform coefficient.
  • the prediction unit may perform prediction on the current block and generate a predicted block including prediction samples for the current block.
  • the prediction unit may determine whether intra prediction or inter prediction is applied to the current block based on information about prediction output from the entropy decoding unit 210, and may determine a specific intra/inter prediction mode.
  • the intra prediction unit 265 may predict the current block by referring to samples in the current picture.
  • the referenced samples may be located in the neighborhood of the current block or spaced apart according to the prediction mode.
  • prediction modes may include a plurality of non-directional modes and a plurality of directional modes.
  • the intra prediction unit 265 may determine a prediction mode applied to the current block using a prediction mode applied to neighboring blocks.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 may derive the predicted block for the current block based on a reference block (reference sample array) specified by a motion vector on the reference picture.
  • motion information may be predicted in units of blocks, subblocks, or samples based on the correlation of motion information between a neighboring block and a current block.
  • the motion information may include a motion vector and a reference picture index.
  • the motion information may further include information on the inter prediction direction (L0 prediction, L1 prediction, Bi prediction, etc.).
  • the neighboring block may include a spatial neighboring block existing in the current picture and a temporal neighboring block present in the reference picture.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 may construct a motion information candidate list based on neighboring blocks, and derive a motion vector and/or reference picture index of the current block based on the received candidate selection information.
  • Inter prediction may be performed based on various prediction modes, and information on prediction may include information indicating a mode of inter prediction for a current block.
  • the adding unit 235 adds the obtained residual signal to the prediction signal (predicted block, prediction sample array) output from the inter prediction unit 260 or the intra prediction unit 265, thereby restoring signals (restored pictures, reconstructed blocks). , A reconstructed sample array). If there is no residual for the block to be processed, such as when the skip mode is applied, the predicted block may be used as a reconstructed block.
  • the adding unit 235 may be called a restoration unit or a restoration block generation unit.
  • the generated reconstructed signal may be used for intra prediction of a next processing target block in a current picture, or may be used for inter prediction of a next picture through filtering as described below.
  • the filtering unit 240 may improve subjective/objective image quality by applying filtering to the reconstructed signal. For example, the filtering unit 240 may generate a modified reconstructed picture by applying various filtering methods to the reconstructed picture, and may transmit the modified reconstructed picture to the decoded picture buffer 250.
  • Various filtering methods may include, for example, deblocking filtering, sample adaptive offset (SAO), adaptive loop filter (ALF), bilateral filter, and the like.
  • the corrected reconstructed picture transmitted to the decoded picture buffer 250 may be used as a reference picture by the inter prediction unit 260.
  • the embodiments described in the filtering unit 160, the inter prediction unit 180, and the intra prediction unit 185 of the encoding device 100 are respectively the filtering unit 240 and the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding device.
  • the intra prediction unit 265 may be applied to the same or corresponding.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a structural diagram of a content streaming system according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the content streaming system to which the present specification is applied may largely include an encoding server 410, a streaming server 420, a web server 430, a media storage 440, a user device 450, and a multimedia input device 460. have.
  • the encoding server 410 may compress content input from multimedia input devices such as a smartphone, camera, camcorder, etc. into digital data to generate a bitstream and transmit it to the streaming server 420.
  • multimedia input devices 460 such as a smartphone, camera, and camcorder directly generate a bitstream
  • the encoding server 410 may be omitted.
  • the bitstream may be generated by an encoding method or a bitstream generation method to which the present specification is applied, and the streaming server 420 may temporarily store the bitstream in the process of transmitting or receiving the bitstream.
  • the streaming server 420 transmits multimedia data to the user device 450 based on a user request through the web server 430, and the web server 430 serves as an intermediary to inform the user of the service.
  • the web server 430 delivers it to the streaming server 420, and the streaming server 420 transmits multimedia data to the user.
  • the content streaming system may include a separate control server, in which case the control server serves to control commands/responses between devices in the content streaming system.
  • Streaming server 420 may receive content from media storage 440 and/or encoding server 410.
  • the streaming server 420 may receive content in real time from the encoding server 410.
  • the streaming server 420 may store the bitstream for a predetermined time.
  • the user device 450 includes a mobile phone, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a terminal for digital broadcasting, a personal digital assistants (PDA), a portable multimedia player (PMP), navigation, a slate PC ( slate PC), tablet PC (tablet PC), ultrabook (ultrabook), wearable device (wearable device, for example, a smart watch (smartwatch), glass type (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display), digital TVs, desktop computers, and digital signage.
  • PDA personal digital assistants
  • PMP portable multimedia player
  • slate PC slate PC
  • tablet PC tablet PC
  • ultrabook ultrabook
  • wearable device wearable device
  • wearable device for example, a smart watch (smartwatch), glass type (smart glass), HMD (head mounted display), digital TVs, desktop computers, and digital signage.
  • Each server in the content streaming system can be operated as a distributed server, and in this case, data received from each server can be distributed.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a block diagram of an apparatus for processing a video signal according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the video signal processing apparatus of FIG. 5 may correspond to the encoding apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 or the decoding apparatus 200 of FIG. 3.
  • the video signal processing apparatus 500 may include a memory 520 for storing a video signal, and a processor 510 for processing a video signal while being combined with the memory.
  • the processor 510 may be configured with at least one processing circuit for processing a video signal, and may process a video signal by executing instructions for encoding or decoding the video signal. That is, the processor 510 may encode the original video signal or decode the encoded video signal by executing the encoding or decoding methods described below.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of a block division structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6A is a QT (quad tree, hereinafter referred to as'QT')
  • FIG. 3B is a BT (binary tree, hereinafter referred to as'BT')
  • FIG. 3C shows an example of block division structures by an TT (ternary tree, hereinafter referred to as'TT')
  • FIG. 3D an AT (asymmetric tree, hereinafter referred to as'TT').
  • one block can be divided based on QT.
  • one sub-block divided by QT may be further divided recursively using QT.
  • a leaf block that is no longer QT split may be split by at least one of BT, TT, or AT.
  • BT can have two types of splitting: horizontal BT (2NxN, 2NxN) and vertical BT (Nx2N, Nx2N).
  • the TT may have two types of splitting: horizontal TT (2Nx1/2N, 2NxN, 2Nx1/2N) and vertical TT (1/2Nx2N, Nx2N, 1/2Nx2N).
  • AT is horizontal-up AT (2Nx1/2N, 2Nx3/2N), horizontal-down AT (2Nx3/2N, 2Nx1/2N), vertical-left AT (1/2Nx2N, 3/2Nx2N), vertical-right AT (3 /2Nx2N, 1/2Nx2N).
  • Each BT, TT, AT can be further divided recursively using BT, TT, AT.
  • Block A can be divided into four sub-blocks (A0, A1, A2, A3) by QT.
  • Sub-block A1 may be divided into four sub-blocks (B0, B1, B2, and B3) again by QT.
  • Block B3 which is no longer divided by QT, may be divided into vertical BT (C0, C1) or horizontal BT (D0, D1). As in the block C0, each sub-block may be further recursively divided in the form of horizontal BT (E0, E1) or vertical BT (F0, F1).
  • Block B3 which is no longer divided by QT, may be divided into vertical TT (C0, C1, C2) or horizontal TT (D0, D1, D2). As in block C1, each sub-block may be further recursively divided in the form of horizontal TT (E0, E1, E2) or vertical TT (F0, F1, F2).
  • Block B3 which is no longer divided by QT, may be divided into vertical AT (C0, C1) or horizontal AT (D0, D1). As in block C1, each sub-block may be further recursively divided in the form of horizontal AT (E0, E1) or vertical TT (F0, F1).
  • BT, TT, AT partitioning can be combined.
  • a sub-block divided by BT can be divided by TT or AT.
  • the sub-block divided by TT can be divided by BT or AT.
  • the sub-block divided by AT can be divided by BT or TT.
  • each sub-block may be divided into verti-cal BT, or after vertical BT division, each sub-block may be divided into horizontal BT.
  • the two types of division methods have different division order, but the shape of the final division is the same.
  • the order in which blocks are searched can be variously defined.
  • a search is performed from left to right, from top to bottom, and searching for blocks means an order of determining whether to divide additional blocks of each divided sub-block, or when a block is no longer divided, each sub It may mean a coding order of blocks or a search order when sub-blocks refer to information of other neighboring blocks.
  • FIG. 7 and 8 illustrate a video/video encoding procedure based on inter prediction and an inter prediction unit in an encoding device.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 performs inter prediction on the current block (S710).
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may derive the inter prediction mode and motion information of the current block, and generate prediction samples of the current block.
  • the procedure for determining the inter prediction mode, deriving motion information, and generating prediction samples may be performed simultaneously, or one procedure may be performed before the other procedure.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding apparatus 100 may include a prediction mode determination unit 181, a motion information derivation unit 182, and a prediction sample derivation unit 183, and the prediction mode determination unit
  • the prediction mode for the current block may be determined at 181, the motion information of the current block may be derived from the motion information derivation unit 182, and prediction samples of the current block may be derived by the prediction sample derivation unit 183.
  • the inter prediction unit 180 of the encoding apparatus 100 searches a block similar to the current block in a certain area (search area) of reference pictures through motion estimation, and It is possible to derive a reference block whose difference is less than or equal to a certain criterion.
  • a reference picture index indicating a reference picture in which the reference block is located may be derived, and a motion vector may be derived based on a position difference between the reference block and the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may determine a mode applied to the current block among various prediction modes.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may compare the RD cost for various prediction modes and determine an optimal prediction mode for the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 configures a merge candidate list, which will be described later, and the current block among the reference blocks indicated by the merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. It is possible to derive a reference block with a difference from a current block or a minimum or a predetermined criterion. In this case, a merge candidate associated with the derived reference block is selected, and merge index information indicating the selected merge candidate may be generated and signaled to the decoding apparatus 200. Motion information of a current block may be derived using motion information of a selected merge candidate.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 configures the (A)MVP candidate list, which will be described later, and (A) the motion vector predictor (MVP) candidates included in the MVP candidate list.
  • the motion vector of the selected MVP candidate can be used as the MVP of the current block.
  • a motion vector indicating a reference block derived by the above-described motion estimation may be used as the motion vector of the current block, and among the MVP candidates, a motion vector having the smallest difference from the motion vector of the current block may be used.
  • the MVP candidate to have may be the selected MVP candidate.
  • a motion vector difference (MVD) which is a difference obtained by subtracting MVP from the motion vector of the current block, may be derived.
  • information about the MVD may be signaled to the decoding device 200.
  • the value of the reference picture index may be configured and reference signal index information may be separately signaled to the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may derive residual samples based on the predicted samples (S720 ).
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may derive residual samples through comparison of original samples and prediction samples of the current block.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 encodes video information including prediction information and residual information (S730).
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may output encoded image information in the form of a bitstream.
  • the prediction information is information related to a prediction procedure and may include prediction mode information (eg, skip flag, merge flag, or mode index) and motion information.
  • the motion information may include candidate selection information (eg, merge index, mvp flag, or mvp index) that is information for deriving a motion vector.
  • the motion information may include information on the MVD and/or reference picture index information.
  • the motion information may include information indicating whether L0 prediction, L1 prediction, or bi prediction is applied.
  • the residual information is information about residual samples.
  • the residual information may include information about quantized transform coefficients for residual samples.
  • the output bitstream may be stored in a (digital) storage medium and transmitted to a decoding device, or may be delivered to a decoding device through a network.
  • the encoding apparatus may generate a reconstructed picture (including reconstructed samples and reconstructed blocks) based on the reference samples and the residual samples. This is to derive the same prediction result as that performed by the decoding apparatus 200 in the encoding apparatus 100, because it is possible to increase coding efficiency. Accordingly, the encoding apparatus 100 may store the reconstructed picture (or reconstructed samples, reconstructed block) in a memory and use it as a reference picture for inter prediction. As described above, an in-loop filtering procedure may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.
  • 9 and 10 illustrate a video/video decoding procedure based on inter prediction and an inter prediction unit in a decoding device.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may perform an operation corresponding to an operation performed in the encoding apparatus 100.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may perform prediction on the current block and derive prediction samples based on the received prediction information.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may determine a prediction mode for the current block based on the received prediction information (S910). The decoding apparatus 200 may determine which inter prediction mode is applied to the current block based on the prediction mode information in the prediction information.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may determine whether merge mode is applied to the current block or (A)MVP mode is determined based on a merge flag. Alternatively, the decoding apparatus 200 may select one of various inter prediction mode candidates based on the mode index.
  • the inter prediction mode candidates may include skip mode, merge mode and/or (A)MVP mode, or various inter prediction modes described below.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 derives motion information of the current block based on the determined inter prediction mode (S920). For example, when the skip mode or the merge mode is applied to the current block, the decoding apparatus 200 may configure a merge candidate list, which will be described later, and select one of the merge candidates included in the merge candidate list. . The selection of the merge candidate may be performed based on a merge index. Motion information of a current block may be derived from motion information of a selected merge candidate. Motion information of the selected merge candidate may be used as motion information of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 configures the (A)MVP candidate list, which will be described later, and (A) the MVP candidate selected from among the MVP candidates included in the MVP candidate list.
  • the motion vector of can be used as the MVP of the current block.
  • the selection of the MVP may be performed based on the selection information (MVP flag or MVP index) described above.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may derive the MVD of the current block based on information about the MVD, and may derive a motion vector of the current block based on the MVP and MVD of the current block.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may derive a reference picture index of the current block based on the reference picture index information.
  • the picture indicated by the reference picture index in the reference picture list for the current block may be derived as a reference picture referenced for inter prediction of the current block.
  • motion information of the current block may be derived without configuring a candidate list, and in this case, motion information of the current block may be derived according to a procedure disclosed in a prediction mode, which will be described later.
  • the candidate list configuration as described above may be omitted.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may generate prediction samples for the current block based on the motion information of the current block (S930). In this case, the decoding apparatus 200 may derive a reference picture based on the reference picture index of the current block, and derive predictive samples of the current block using samples of the reference block indicated by the motion vector of the current block on the reference picture. . In this case, as described later, a prediction sample filtering procedure for all or part of the prediction samples of the current block may be further performed depending on the case.
  • the inter prediction unit 260 of the decoding apparatus 200 may include a prediction mode determination unit 261, a motion information derivation unit 262, and a prediction sample derivation unit 263, and the prediction mode determination unit
  • the prediction mode for the current block is determined based on the prediction mode information received at 181, and the motion information (motion vector) of the current block based on the information on the motion information received from the motion information deriving unit 182. And/or a reference picture index), and predicted samples of the current block may be derived from the predicted sample deriving unit 183.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 generates residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information (S940).
  • the decoding apparatus 200 may generate reconstructed samples for the current block based on the predicted samples and residual samples, and generate a reconstructed picture based on the reconstructed samples. (S950). As described above, an in-loop filtering procedure may be further applied to the reconstructed picture.
  • the inter prediction procedure may include a step of determining an inter prediction mode, a step of deriving motion information according to the determined prediction mode, and performing a prediction (generating a predictive sample) based on the derived motion information.
  • inter prediction modes may be used for prediction of a current block in a picture.
  • various modes such as a merge mode, a skip mode, an MVP mode, and an affine mode may be used.
  • Decoder side motion vector refinement (DMVR) mode, adaptive motion vector resolution (AMVR) mode, and the like may be further used as ancillary modes.
  • the affine mode may also be called aaffine motion prediction mode.
  • the MVP mode may also be called AMVP (advanced motion vector prediction) mode.
  • Prediction mode information indicating the inter prediction mode of the current block may be signaled from the encoding device to the decoding device 200.
  • the prediction mode information may be included in the bitstream and received by the decoding apparatus 200.
  • the prediction mode information may include index information indicating one of a plurality of candidate modes.
  • the inter prediction mode may be indicated through hierarchical signaling of flag information.
  • the prediction mode information may include one or more flags.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 signals whether a skip mode is applied by signaling a skip flag, and indicates whether a merge mode is applied by signaling a merge flag when a skip mode is not applied, and when a merge mode is not applied. It may be indicated that the MVP mode is applied or may further signal a flag for additional classification.
  • the affine mode may be signaled as an independent mode, or may be signaled as a mode dependent on a merge mode or an MVP mode.
  • the affine mode may be configured as one candidate of the merge candidate list or the MVP candidate list, as described later.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 or the decoding apparatus 200 may perform inter prediction using motion information of a current block.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may derive optimal motion information for the current block through a motion esti-mation procedure. For example, the encoding apparatus 100 may search for a similar reference block having high correlation within a predetermined search range in a reference picture by using a original block in the original picture for the current block in a fractional pixel unit, and through this, motion information Can be derived.
  • the similarity of the block can be derived based on the difference of phase-based sample values.
  • the similarity of a block may be calculated based on a sum of absolute difference (SAD) between a current block (or a template of the current block) and a reference block (or a template of a reference block).
  • SAD sum of absolute difference
  • motion information may be derived based on a reference block having the smallest SAD in the search area.
  • the derived motion information may be signaled to the decoding apparatus according to various methods based on the inter prediction mode.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may indicate motion information of the current prediction block by transmitting flag information indicating that the merge mode is used and a merge index indicating which prediction blocks are used.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 must search a merge candidate block used to derive motion information of a current prediction block in order to perform a merge mode. For example, up to five merge candidate blocks may be used, but the present specification is not limited thereto. In addition, the maximum number of merge candidate blocks may be transmitted in the slice header, and the present specification is not limited thereto. After finding the merge candidate blocks, the encoding apparatus 100 may generate a merge candidate list, and may select a merge candidate block having the smallest cost as a final merge candidate block.
  • This specification provides various embodiments of a merge candidate block constituting a merge candidate list.
  • the merge candidate list may use 5 merge candidate blocks, for example. For example, four spatial merge candidates and one temporal merge candidate can be used.
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a spatial merge candidate configuration for the current block.
  • a left neighboring block (A1), a bottom-left neighboring block (A2), a top-right neighboring block (B0), and an upper neighboring block (B1) ), at least one of a top-left neighboring block B2 may be used.
  • the merge candidate list for the current block may be configured based on the procedure shown in FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a flowchart for configuring a merge candidate list according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the coding apparatus searches for spatial neighboring blocks of the current block and inserts the derived spatial merge candidates into the merge candidate list (S1210).
  • the spatial peripheral blocks may include blocks around the lower left corner of the current block, blocks around the left corner, blocks around the upper right corner, blocks around the upper corner, and blocks around the upper left corner.
  • additional peripheral blocks such as a right peripheral block, a lower peripheral block, and a lower right peripheral block may be further used as the spatial peripheral blocks.
  • the coding apparatus may detect available blocks by searching for spatial neighboring blocks based on priority, and derive motion information of the detected blocks as spatial merge candidates.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 or the decoding apparatus 200 searches the five blocks shown in FIG. 11 in the order of A1, B1, B0, A0, B2, sequentially indexes available candidates, and merges candidates It can be configured as a list.
  • the coding apparatus searches for temporal neighboring blocks of the current block and inserts the derived temporal merge candidate into the merge candidate list (S1220).
  • the temporal peripheral block may be located on a reference picture that is a different picture from the current picture in which the current block is located.
  • the reference picture in which the temporal neighboring block is located may be referred to as a collocated picture or a coll pic-ture.
  • the temporal neighboring blocks may be searched in the order of the lower right corner peripheral block and the lower right center block of the co-located block for the current block on the call picture. Meanwhile, when motion data compression is applied, specific motion information may be stored as a representative motion information for each predetermined storage unit in a call picture.
  • the predetermined storage unit may be predetermined in units of, for example, 16x16 sample units, or 8x8 sample units, or size information for a predetermined storage unit may be signaled from the encoding device 100 to the decoding device 200. have.
  • motion information of a temporal peripheral block may be replaced with representative motion information of a predetermined storage unit in which the temporal peripheral block is located.
  • a temporal merge candidate may be derived based on motion information of a prediction block. For example, if the constant storage unit is 2nx2n sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> n) ⁇ n), (yTnb >> n) Motion information of the prediction block located at ⁇ n)) may be used for temporal merge candidates.
  • the constant storage unit is 16x16 sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> 4) ⁇ 4), (yTnb >> 4) Motion information of the prediction block located at ⁇ 4)) can be used for temporal merge candidates.
  • the constant storage unit is 8x8 sample units, and the coordinates of the temporal peripheral block are (xTnb, yTnb), the corrected position ((xTnb >> 3) ⁇ 3), (yTnb >> 3 ) ⁇ 3)) motion information of the prediction block located at may be used for temporal merge candidate.
  • the coding apparatus may check whether the number of current merge candidates is smaller than the maximum number of merge candidates (S1230).
  • the maximum number of merge candidates may be predefined or signaled from the encoding device 100 to the decoding device 200.
  • the encoding apparatus 100 may generate information on the number of maximum merge candidates, encode, and transmit the encoded information to the decoding apparatus 200 in the form of a bitstream.
  • the subsequent candidate addition process may not proceed.
  • the coding apparatus inserts an additional merge candidate into the merge candidate list (S1240).
  • Additional merge candidates are, for example, adaptive temporal motion vector prediction (ATMVP), combined bi-predictive merge candidates (if the slice type of the current slice is of type B) and/or zero vector merge. Candidates may be included.
  • ATMVP adaptive temporal motion vector prediction
  • bi-predictive merge candidates if the slice type of the current slice is of type B
  • zero vector merge candidates
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a flowchart for constructing a prediction candidate list (MVP candidate list).
  • a motion vector corresponding to a reconstructed spatial neighboring block eg, the neighboring block of FIG. 11
  • a motion vector corresponding to a temporal neighboring block or Col block
  • a motion vector pre-dictor (MVP) candidate list may be generated. That is, the motion vector of the reconstructed spatial neighboring block and/or the motion vector corresponding to the temporal neighboring block may be used as a motion vector predictor candidate.
  • the prediction information may include selection information (eg, an MVP flag or an MVP index) indicating an optimal motion vector predictor candidate selected from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the list.
  • the prediction unit may select a motion vector predictor of the current block from among motion vector predictor candidates included in the motion vector candidate list, using the selection information.
  • the prediction unit of the encoding apparatus 100 may obtain a motion vector difference (MVD) between a motion vector of a current block and a motion vector predictor, encode it, and output it in the form of a bitstream. That is, the MVD can be obtained by subtracting the motion vector predictor from the motion vector of the current block.
  • the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain a motion vector difference included in the information about the prediction, and derive the motion vector of the current block through addition of the motion vector difference and the motion vector predictor.
  • the prediction unit of the decoding apparatus may obtain or derive a reference picture index indicating the reference picture from the information on the prediction.
  • the motion vector predictor candidate list may be configured as shown in FIG. 13.
  • the coding apparatus searches for a spatial candidate block for motion vector prediction and inserts it into a prediction candidate list (S1310).
  • the coding apparatus may search for neighboring blocks according to a predetermined search order, and add information of neighboring blocks satisfying the condition for the spatial candidate block to the prediction candidate list (MVP candidate list).
  • the coding apparatus After constructing the spatial candidate block list, the coding apparatus compares the number of spatial candidate lists included in the prediction candidate list with a preset reference number (eg, 2) (S1320). If the number of spatial candidate lists included in the prediction candidate list is greater than or equal to the reference number (eg, 2), the coding apparatus may end the construction of the prediction candidate list.
  • a preset reference number eg, 2
  • the coding device searches for the temporal candidate block and inserts it into the prediction candidate list (S1330), and the temporal candidate block is used If it is not possible, the zero motion vector is added to the prediction candidate list (S1340).
  • the predicted block for the current block may be derived based on the motion information derived according to the prediction mode.
  • the predicted block may include predictive samples (predictive sample array) of the current block.
  • an interpolation procedure may be performed, and through this, predictive samples of the current block may be derived based on reference samples in a fractional sample unit in a reference picture. .
  • prediction samples may be generated based on a motion vector per sample/subblock.
  • prediction samples derived based on first direction prediction eg, L0 prediction
  • prediction samples derived based on second direction prediction eg, L1 prediction
  • the final prediction samples can be derived through weighted sum (per phase).
  • reconstruction samples and reconstruction pictures may be generated based on the derived prediction samples, and then procedures such as in-loop filtering may be performed.
  • an embodiment of the present invention describes a motion prediction method for encoding or decoding a video signal using a multi-motion model.
  • motion vectors of 2 to 4 control points may be used to express motion vectors in each pixel unit or sub-block unit of a block, and a prediction technique using motion vectors of a plurality of control points is affine motion prediction (affine motion) prediction), affine prediction, and the like.
  • affine motion prediction affine motion prediction
  • the affine motion model may represent four motion models as illustrated in FIG. 14.
  • the affine motion model expressing three motion (translation, scale, rotate) dmf among motions that can be expressed by the Affine motion model is referred to as a similarity (or simplified) affine motion model, and in explaining embodiments of the present invention, For convenience, a similarity (or simplified) affine motion model will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 15 shows an example of a control point motion vector for affine motion prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • affine motion prediction can determine a motion vector of a pixel position (or sub-block) included in a block by using two control point motion vectors (CPMV) pairs, v_0 and v_1. have.
  • CPMV control point motion vectors
  • the set of motion vectors may be referred to as an affine motion vector field (MVF).
  • the affine motion vector field may be determined using Equation 1 below.
  • w represents the width of the current block 1500
  • the motion vector in units of sub-blocks (or pixels) may be derived using Equation 1 above. In one embodiment, motion vector precision may be rounded to 1/16 precision.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of a motion vector for each sub-block of a block to which affine motion prediction is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an affine motion vector field may be determined in a pixel unit or a block unit in the encoding or decoding process. That is, in affine motion prediction, the motion vector of the current block may be derived in units of pixels or sub-blocks.
  • an affine motion vector field is determined in units of pixels, a motion vector is obtained based on each pixel value, and in a block unit, a motion vector of a corresponding block can be obtained based on a central pixel value of a block.
  • the affine motion vector field is determined in units of 4*4 blocks as shown in FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example in which the coding block is composed of 16*16 samples and the affine motion vector field (MVF) is determined in units of blocks of 4*4 size.
  • Affine motion prediction may include affine merge mode (AF_MERGE) and affine inter mode (affine inter mode or AF_INTER).
  • the AF_INTER mode may include an AF_4_INTER mode using four parameter-based motion models and an AF_6_INTER mode using six parameter-based motion models.
  • AF_MERGE is an affine motion prediction and determines a control point motion vector (CPMV) according to the affine motion model of the coded neighboring block.
  • the affine coded neighboring blocks in the search order can be used for AF_MERGE.
  • the current block can be coded as AF_MERGE.
  • CPMVs of the current block may be derived using CPMVs of the neighboring blocks.
  • CPMVs of the neighboring block may be used as CPMVs of the current block as it is, or CPMVs of the neighboring block may be modified based on the size of the neighboring block and the size of the current block, etc., and used as CPMVs of the current block.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in an affine merge mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the encoder may perform encoding as follows.
  • Step-1 The neighboring blocks A to E (1710, 1720, 1730, 1740, 1750) of the current coding block 1700 are scanned in alphabetical order, and encoded in the first affine prediction mode based on the scanning order Determine the block as a candidate block for Affine Merge (AF_MERGE)
  • Step-2 Determine the affine motion model using the determined control point motion vector (CPMV) of the candidate block
  • Step-3 The control point motion vector (CPMV) of the current block 1700 is determined according to the affine motion model of the candidate block, and the MVF of the current block 1700 is determined
  • FIG. 18 illustrates an example of a block in which affine motion prediction is performed using a neighboring block to which affine motion prediction is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • control point motion vectors of block A 1820
  • the control point motion vector (CPMV) v0 and v1 of the current block 1800 may be determined after deriving an affine motion model using (eg, v2 and v3).
  • the affine motion vector field MVF of the current block 1800 is determined based on the control point motion vector CPMV of the current block 1800, and encoding may be performed.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a method of generating a merge candidate list using a neighboring affine coding block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a candidate as shown in FIG. 19 may be used.
  • the scan order of the candidate list is set to A, B, C, D, and E.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and may be preset in various orders.
  • the candidates are encoded in the affine mode (or affine prediction) available in neighboring blocks (ie, A, B, C, D, E) (hereinafter, referred to as affine candidates).
  • the merge mode of the current block may be skipped.
  • the motion model of the candidate can be used to derive the control point motion vectors CPMV_0 and CPMV_1 of the current block. In this case, an index indicating the candidate may not be requested (or coded).
  • the number of available affine candidates is two or more, two candidates in the scanning order may be configured as a candidate list for AF_MERGE.
  • candidate selection information such as an index indicating a selected candidate in the candidate list may be signaled.
  • the selection information may be flag or index information, and may be referred to as AF_MERGE_flag, AF_merge_idx, and the like.
  • motion compensation for the current block may be performed based on the size of the sub-block.
  • the sub-block size of the affine block ie, the current block
  • the sub-block size of the affine block is derived. If both the width and height of the sub-block are greater than 4 luma samples, a motion vector for each sub-block is derived, and DCT-IF-based motion compensation (1/16 pel for luminance and 1/32 for chrominance) It can be performed on this sub-block. Otherwise, enhanced bi-linear interpolation filter based motion compensation can be performed for the entire affine block.
  • the affine flag at the CU level is used if the affine merge mode is used. It is signaled through a bitstream indicating.
  • the merge candidate index with the maximum value '5' is signaled to specify that the motion information candidate is used for the CU in the affine merge candidate list.
  • 20 and 21 are diagrams for explaining a method of constructing an affine merge candidate list using neighboring blocks encoded with affine prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the affine merge candidate list is configured as the following steps.
  • the model-based affine candidate means that the candidate is derived from valid surrounding reconstructed blocks coded in affine mode. As shown in FIG. 20, the scan order for candidate blocks is left (A), top (b), top right (C), and bottom left (D) from top left (E).
  • the motion vectors (v_0, v_1, v_2) of the upper left corner on the current block are calculated according to the motion vectors (v_4, v_5, and v_6) by the 6-parameter affine model.
  • motion vectors (v_4, v_5) of the upper left corner and the upper right corner of the CU including the block (A) are obtained.
  • the motion vectors (v_0, v_1) of the upper left corner on the current block are calculated according to the motion vectors (v_4, v_5) by the 4-parameter affine model.
  • a control point-based candidate means that a candidate is configured by combining motion information of each control point.
  • the motion information for the control points is first derived from the designated spatial neighboring blocks and temporal neighboring blocks shown in FIG. 20.
  • the coordinates of CP_1, CP_2, CP_3 and CP_4 are (0, 0), (W, 0), (H, 0) and (W, H), respectively, where W and H are the width and height of the current block.
  • the motion information of each control point is obtained according to the next priority.
  • the checking priority is A ⁇ B ⁇ C, and A is used if A is available. Otherwise, B is used if B is available. If neither A nor B is available, C is used. If all three candidates are not available, motion information of CP1 cannot be obtained.
  • the checking priority is E ⁇ D.
  • the checking priority is G ⁇ F.
  • the motion vectors of the two control points are needed to calculate the transformation parameters in the 4-parameter affine model.
  • Two control points are selected from one of the following six combinations ( ⁇ CP_1, CP_4 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_2, CP_3 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_1, CP_2 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_2, CP_4 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_1, CP_3 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_3, CP_4 ⁇ ) Can be.
  • CP_1 and CP_2 control points to construct a 4-parameter affine motion model is denoted “Affine (CP_1, CP_2)”.
  • the motion vectors of the three control points are needed to calculate the transformation parameters in the 6-parameter affine model.
  • the three control points can be selected from one of the following four combinations ( ⁇ CP_1, CP_2, CP_4 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_1, CP_2, CP_3 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_2, CP_3, CP_4 ⁇ , ⁇ CP_1, CP_3, CP_4 ⁇ ).
  • CP_1, CP_2 and CPv3 control points to construct a 6-parameter affine motion model is denoted “Affine (CP_1, CP_2, CP_3)”.
  • an affine merge candidate exists, it can always be considered as a 6-parameter affine mode.
  • FIG. 22 shows an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • affine motion prediction may include affine merge mode (AF_MERGE) and affine inter mode (AF_INTER).
  • AF_INTER affine inter mode
  • CCMVP control point motion vector prediction
  • CPMVD control point motion vector difference
  • a specific process of encoding an affine inter mode (AF_INTER) may be as follows.
  • Step-1 Two CPMVP pair candidates are determined
  • Step-1.1 Up to 12 CPMVP candidate combination decisions (see Equation 2 below)
  • v_0 is the motion vector (CPMV0) at the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200
  • v_1 is the motion vector (CPMV1) at the upper right control point 2211 of the current block 2200
  • v_2 Is a motion vector (CPMV2) at the lower left control point 2212 of the current block 2200
  • v_A is a motion vector of the neighboring block A 2220 adjacent to the upper left side of the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200.
  • v_B is a motion vector of the neighboring block B 2222 adjacent to the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200
  • vC is a neighboring block C adjacent to the left of the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200
  • the motion vector of (2224) v_D is the motion vector of the neighboring block D (2226) adjacent to the upper side of the right upper control point (2211) of the current block (2200)
  • v_E is the right vector control point (2211) of the current block (2200)
  • v_F is the motion vector of the neighboring block F 2230 adjacent to the left of the lower left control point 2212 of the current block 2200
  • v_G is the motion vector of the current block 2200.
  • the motion vector of the neighboring block G 2232 adjacent to the left side of the lower left control point 2212 is shown.
  • Step-1.2 Use the top two candidates by sorting by the difference value (DV) among the CPMVP candidate combinations (see Equation 3 below)
  • v_0x is the x-axis element of the motion vector (V0 or CPMV0) of the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200
  • v_1x is the motion vector (V1 or CPMV1) of the right upper control point 2211 of the current block 2200
  • the x-axis element, v_2x is the x-axis element of the motion vector (V_2 or CPMV_2) of the lower left control point of the current block 2200
  • v_0y is the motion vector (V_0) of the upper left control point 2210 of the current block 2200
  • v_1y is the y-axis element of the motion vector (V_1 or CPMV_1) of the upper right control point 2211 of the current block 2200
  • v_2y is the lower left control point of the current block 2200
  • w
  • Step-2 If the control point motion vector predictor (CPMVP) pair candidate is less than 2, use the AMVP candidate list
  • Step-3 Determine the control point motion vector predictor (CPMVP) for each of the two candidates and compare the RD cost to optimally select the candidate and CPMV having a small value
  • Step-4 Transmission of the index and control point motion vector difference (CPMVD) corresponding to the optimal candidate
  • AF_INTER a configuration process of CPMVP candidates is provided.
  • the number of candidates is 2, and an index indicating the position of the candidate list is signaled.
  • composition process of the CPMVP candidate list is as follows.
  • a candidate configuration process is performed.
  • a 4-parameter (2-control point) affine inter mode is used to predict the motion model and content of zoom-in/out and rotation. As shown in Fig. 15, the affine motion field of the block is described by two control point motion vectors.
  • the motion vector field (MVF) of the block is described by Equation 1 described above.
  • an advanced motion vector prediction (AMVP) mode is needed to signal the motion vector prediction (MVP) index and motion vector differences (MVDs).
  • AMVP advanced motion vector prediction
  • the affine_flag is signaled to indicate whether affine prediction is used.
  • the syntax of inter_dir, ref_idx, mvp_index, and two MVDs is signaled.
  • a candidate MVP pair list is generated including two MVP pairs. The signaled mvp_index is used to select one of them.
  • Affine MVP pairs are generated by two types of affine MVP candidates.
  • One is a spatial inherited affine candidate, and the other is a corner derived affine candidate. If the neighboring CUs are coded in the affine mode, spatial succession affine candidates can be generated.
  • the affine motion model of the surrounding affine coded block is used to generate motion vectors of a two-control-point MVP pair.
  • the MVs of the two-control point MVP pair of the candidate for spatial succession are derived by using the following equations.
  • V_B0, V_B1, and V_B2 can be replaced with the upper left MV, right upper MV, and lower left MV of any reference/peripheral CU
  • (posCurCU_X, posCurCU_Y) is the upper left of the current CU for the upper left sample of the frame.
  • the position of the sample, (posRefCU_X, posRefCU_Y) is the position of the upper left sample of the reference/peripheral CU with respect to the upper left sample of the frame.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates an example of a neighboring block used for affine motion prediction in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an affine candidate derived from a corner is used. Peripheral motion vectors are used to derive affine MVP pairs as shown in FIG. 23.
  • the first available MV in set A (A0, A1 and A2) and the first available MV in set B (B0 and B1) are used to construct the first MVP pair .
  • the first available MV in set A and the first available MV in set C (C0 and C1) are used to calculate the MV of the upper right control point.
  • the first available MV in set A and the computed right upper control point MV are the second MVP pairs.
  • two candidate sets comprising two (3) candidates ⁇ mv_0, mv_1 ⁇ ( ⁇ mv_0, mv_1, mv_2) predict two (3) control points of the affine motion model Used to Given motion vector differences (mvd_0, mvd_1, mvd_2) and control points are calculated by using the following equations.
  • 24 and 25 are diagrams illustrating a method of deriving a motion vector candidate using motion information of neighboring blocks in affine inter mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the affine candidate list extends affine motion from spatial neighboring blocks (extrapolated affine candidates) and is appended by a combination of motion vectors from spatial neighboring blocks (virtual affine candidates).
  • the candidate sets are set as follows:
  • Adjacent blocks A0, A1, B0, B1, and B2 are identified as shown in FIG. 24. If the adjacent block is encoded by the affine motion model and the reference frame is the same as the reference frame of the current block, two or (for the 4-parameter affine model) of the current block (for the 6-parameter affine model) ) Three control points are derived from the affine model of adjacent blocks.
  • FIG. 25 shows adjacent blocks used to generate a virtual affine candidate set.
  • mv_0 is the first MV that refers to the same reference picture as the current block in S0.
  • mv_2 is the first MV that refers to the same reference picture as the current block in S1.
  • mv_2 can be derived by Equation 9 below.
  • Equation 9 the current block size is WxH.
  • mv_1 can be derived by Equation 10 below.
  • affine inter prediction may be performed according to the following sequence.
  • the affine flag at the CU level indicates whether the affine inter mode is to be used.
  • a model flag is signaled to indicate whether a 4-parameter or 6-parameter affine model is applied to the CU. If the model flag is true, AF_6_INTER mode (6-parameter affine model) is applied and 3 MVDs are parsed, otherwise AF_4_INTER mode (4-parameter affine model) is applied and 2 MVDs Are parsed.
  • AF_4_INTER mode similar to the affine merge mode, extrapolated motion vector pairs are generated from adjacent blocks coded by the affine affine mode and first inserted into the candidate list.
  • v_0 is selected from motion vectors of blocks A, B, and C.
  • the motion vector from the neighboring block is scaled according to the relationship between the reference list and the POC of the reference to the current CU and the current CU of the reference to the neighboring block.
  • the approach of selecting v_1 from adjacent blocks D and E is similar.
  • the candidate list is greater than 4
  • the candidates are sorted preferentially according to the consistency of adjacent motion vectors (similar to the 2 motion vectors in the candidate pair) and the first 4 candidates are preserved.
  • the list is padded by a pair of motion vectors by duplicating each AMVP candidate.
  • AF_6_INTER mode similar to the affine merge mode, extrapolated motion vector triples are generated from adjacent blocks coded in the affine affine mode and preferentially inserted into the candidate list.
  • v_0 is selected from motion vectors of blocks A, B, or C.
  • the motion vector from the neighboring block is scaled according to the relationship between the reference list and the POC of the reference to the neighboring block, the POC of the reference to the current CU, and the POC of the current CU.
  • v_1 from adjacent blocks D and E and selecting v_2 from F and G are similar. If the candidate list is greater than 4, the candidates are sorted according to the consistency of adjacent motion vectors (similar to 2 motion vectors in 3 candidates), and the first 4 candidates are preserved.
  • the list may be padded by a motion vector triple constructed by duplicating each AMVP candidate.
  • the MVF of the current CU is generated according to Equation 11 below for the 4-parameter affine model, and below for the 6-parameter affine model. It is generated according to Equation (12).
  • the sub-block size MxN is derived from Equation 13 below, and MvPre is motion vector partial accuracy (1/16).
  • M and N After being derived by equation (12), M and N have to be adjusted down if necessary to make them the divisors of w and h. If M or N is less than 8, WIF is applied, otherwise, sub-block based affine motion compensation is applied.
  • 26 illustrates an example of a method of deriving an affine motion vector field in sub-block units according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the motion vector of the central sample of each sub-block as shown in FIG. 26 is calculated according to Equation 11 or Equation 12, 1 /16 rounded with partial accuracy.
  • SHVC up-sampling interpolation filters are applied to generate prediction of each sub-block using the derived motion vector.
  • SHVC up-sampling interpolation filters having the same filter length and normalization factor as HEVC motion compensation interpolation filters can be used as motion compensation interpolation filters for additional fractional pel positions.
  • the chroma component motion vector accuracy is 1/32 sample, and additional interpolation filters of 1/32 pel part positions are derived by using means of filters of two adjacent 1/16 pel part positions.
  • the AF_MERGE mode can be selected on the encoder side in the same way that conventional merge mode selection is performed.
  • the candidate list is first generated, and the minimum RD-cost in the candidates is selected to compare with the RD-cost of other inter modes.
  • the result of the comparison is a decision as to whether AF_MERGE is applied or not.
  • RD cost checking is used to determine which motion vector pair candidate is selected as the control point motion vector prediction (CPMVP) of the current CU. After the CPMVP of the current affine CU is determined, affine motion estimation is applied and a control point motion vector (CPMV) is obtained. The difference between CPMV and CPMVP is then determined.
  • CPMVP control point motion vector prediction
  • AF_6_INTER mode is confirmed only when AF_MERGE or AF_4_INTER mode is determined as the optimal mode in the previous mode selection stage.
  • the affine inter (affine AMVP) mode can be performed as follows:
  • AFFINE_MERGE_IMPROVE Instead of searching the first neighboring block in the affine mode, the improvement seeks to search for the neighboring block having the largest coding unit size as the affine merge candidate.
  • AFFINE_AMVL_IMPROVE Add neighbor blocks in the affine mode to the affine AMVP candidate list similar to the conventional AMVP procedure.
  • the lower left adjacent block uses an affine motion model and has the same reference index as the current reference index. If it does not exist, the left adjacent block is identified in the same way. If it does not exist, it is checked whether the lower left adjacent block uses the affine motion model and has a different reference index. If present, a scaled affine motion vector is added to the reference picture list. If it does not exist, the left adjacent block is identified in the same way.
  • the upper right adjacent block, upper adjacent block, and upper left adjacent block are identified in the same way.
  • the operation of generating the affine AMVP candidate list ends. If two candidates are not found, the original operation in the JEM software is performed to generate awkward AMVP candidate lists.
  • AFFINE_SIX_PARAM In addition to the 4-parameter affine motion model, a 6-parameter affine motion model is added as an additional model.
  • a 6-parameter motion model is derived through Equation 14 below.
  • the three motion vectors at the upper left position MV_0, the upper right position MV_1, and the lower left position MV_2 are required to determine the model.
  • the three motion vectors can be determined in a similar way to the two motion vectors in a 4-parameter affine motion model.
  • the affine model merge is always set up as a 6-parameter affine motion model.
  • AFFINE_CLIP_REMOVE Remove motion vector constraints for all affine motion vectors. Allow motion compensation processes to control the motion vector constraints themselves.
  • various affine motion models may be used or considered in Affine inter prediction.
  • the Affine motion model can express four motions as shown in FIG. 14 described above.
  • the affine motion model expressing three motions (translation, scale, rotate) among the motions that can be expressed by the Affine motion model can be called a similarity (or simplified) affine motion model.
  • the number of CPMVs derived and/or the method of deriving a sample/subblock unit MV of the current block may be different.
  • adaptive four and six parameter motion models are used.
  • AF_INTER a 6-parameter motion model is proposed in addition to the 4-parameter motion model present in JEM.
  • a 6-parameter motion model is described as in Equation 15 below.
  • the coefficients a, b, c, de, and f are affine motion parameters, and (x,y) and (x',y') are coordinates of the pixel position before and after the transformation of the affine motion model.
  • Equation 16 To use the affine motion model in video coding, if CPMV0, CPMV1, and CPMV2 are MVs for CP0 (upper left), CP1 (upper right), and CP2 (lower left), Equation 16 will be described as follows. Can.
  • Equation 16 is a motion vector field (MVF) of the block.
  • the flag is parsed at the CU level to indicate whether a 4-parameter or 6-parameter affine motion model is used when adjacent blocks are coded with affine prediction. If there are no adjacent blocks coded with affine prediction, the flag is omitted and a 4-parameter model is used for affine prediction. In other words, a 6-parameter model is considered under the condition that one or more adjacent blocks are coded as an affine motion model. With respect to the number of CPMVDs, two and three CPMVDs are signaled for the motion model, which is a 4-parameter and a 6-parameter affine, respectively.
  • pattern-matched motion vector refinement can be used.
  • PMMVD pattern-matched motion vector derivation
  • the decoder uses several motion vectors (MV) to determine the starting MV candidate for CU-level search. ).
  • MV motion vectors
  • the decoder needs to evaluate these MV candidates in order to find the optimal MV, which requires a lot of memory bandwidth.
  • PMVR pattern-matched motion vector refinement
  • One PMVR_flag is signaled when the skip mode or the merge mode is selected to indicate whether the PMVR is available or not.
  • an MV candidate list is generated, and if PMVR is applied, the starting MV candidate index is explicitly signaled.
  • a candidate list is generated by using the merge candidate list generation process, but sub-CU merge candidates, for example, affine candidates and ATMVP candidates are excluded.
  • sub-CU merge candidates for example, affine candidates and ATMVP candidates are excluded.
  • For bilateral matching only uni-prediction MV candidates are included.
  • the bi-prediction MV candidate is divided into two uni-prediction MV candidates.
  • similar MV candidates (MV differences less than a predefined threshold) are also eliminated.
  • diamond search MV refinement is performed starting from the signaled MV candidate.
  • Sub-CU-level search is only available in bilateral matching merge mode.
  • the search window of the sub-CU-level search for all sub-CUs is the same as the search window of the CU-level search. Therefore, no additional bandwidth is required for sub-CU-level search.
  • Template matching is also used to refine the MVP in the mode.
  • AMVP mode two MVPs are generated by using the HEVC MVP generation process, and one MVP index is signaled to select one of them.
  • the selected MVP is further refined by using template matching in the PMVR.
  • AMVR adaptive motion vector resolution
  • PMVPR pattern-matched motion vector predictor refinement
  • the PMVR includes template matching PMVR, bidirectional matching PMVR, and PMVPR.
  • PMVR is disabled for 4x4, 4x8, and 8x4 CUs.
  • the search range of ⁇ template matching, bidirectional matching ⁇ for the same CU region as 64 may be reduced to ⁇ 2, ⁇ 4 ⁇ , and ⁇ template matching, bidirectional for CU regions larger than 64 Matching ⁇ search range can be reduced to ⁇ 6, ⁇ 8 ⁇ .
  • HEVC High Efficiency Video Coding
  • VVC Video Coding
  • AMVP advanced motion vector prediction
  • HMVP history-based motion vector prediction
  • the HMVP may be added to a merge list (or merge candidate list) or an AMVP list (or AMVP candidate list).
  • the decoder maintains a look-up table (LUT) operating in a first in first out (FIFO) system (or method) for HMVP.
  • LUT is not limited to the name, and may be referred to as a table, HMVP table, HMVP candidate table, buffer, HMVP buffer, HMVP candidate buffer, HMVP list, HMVP candidate list, and the like.
  • a non-affine (prediction unit) PU or coding unit (CU)
  • the motion information is stored in the LUT and the decoder proceeds to decode the next PU.
  • the stored motion information may include motion vectors in x (horizontal) and y (vertical) directions, reference index information, and mode information.
  • the decoder may maintain a LUT in which motion information of progressively decoded non-affine candidates is stored.
  • the size of the LUT can be limited to S predefined candidates.
  • the LUT may be reset at the beginning of a slice, the beginning of a CTU row, or the beginning of a CTU.
  • HMVP can be applied in both merge mode and AMVP mode.
  • the merge list can have B candidates, and the AMVP list can have 2 candidates.
  • the merge list is composed of the following candidates: i) spatial candidate, ii) temporal candidate, iii) bi-prediction candidate, and iv) zero motion candidate.
  • ATMVP advanced motion vector prediction
  • the ATMVP candidate can be inserted into the merge list before the time candidate.
  • the candidates of the merge list are added to the merge list until the maximum merge list size is reached. Duplicate candidates may not be added to the merge list.
  • two candidates can be inserted. As an example, one of the two candidates can be selected from available spatial candidates and the second candidate can be selected from temporal candidates, and if the list is not filled, a zero motion vector candidate can be added.
  • HMVP is applied based on the FIFO exiting the table in the same order as the order in which candidates were input in the LUT.
  • HMVP candidates when HMVP is applied to the merge list construction, HMVP candidates may be inserted (or added) to the third position of the list as follows:
  • HMVP when HMVP is applied to AMVP list construction, HMVP may be inserted at the third position after the time candidate as follows:
  • FIG. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a method of storing HMVP according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the decoder decodes the current PU (or CU) (S2701).
  • the decoder checks whether the current PU is a block coded in a non-affine mode (S2702). To facilitate the use of HMVP candidates, if the current PU is a block coded in affine mode, the decoder does not store the motion information of the current PU in a table.
  • the decoder stores (or updates) motion information of the current PU in a table (S2703).
  • the HMVP table may be updated in two ways, i) a non-constrained FIFO (FIFO) ii) a constrained FIFO (FIFO) method.
  • FIFO non-constrained FIFO
  • FIFO constrained FIFO
  • FIG. 28 is a diagram for describing an HMVP table operating in a non-limiting FIFO method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • candidates added to a table are added to the end (right) of the table.
  • candidates discharged from the table according to the FIFO method are located at the front end (left, oldest candidate) of the table.
  • 29 is a diagram for describing an HMVP table operating in a limited FIFO method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • pruning is performed when adding a new candidate causes some overlap (ie, when the new candidate has duplicate motion information).
  • the duplicate candidate in the table may be removed and motion information of the current candidate may be added.
  • HMVP candidates in many cases the most recent historical MVs may overlap motion information of a spatial candidate (or spatial neighbor candidate). Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the HMVP candidate is added to the AMVP or merge list, a method of setting the order of adding candidates differently from the HMVP LUT index order is proposed.
  • the candidate list can be efficiently constructed by adaptively adjusting the HMVP candidate, thereby reducing the number of signaling bins used for binarization and increasing coding efficiency. That is, HMVP candidates added to the merge list or the AMVP list may not be limited by the index in the HMVP list.
  • Table 1 illustrates a method of changing the order of adding HMVP candidates to an AMVP or merge list.
  • the additional order of the HMVP candidate can be predefined in advance regardless of the HMVP index. have.
  • the encoder/decoder may be added to the merge list or the AMVP list from the HMVP candidate starting from the n-th candidate in the HMVP list.
  • Table 2 illustrates the modified order of adding candidates to the AMVP or merge list.
  • HMVP candidates may be added to a merge list or an AMVP list from the second index.
  • information regarding the additional order of HMVP candidates in a table may be signaled from an encoder to a decoder.
  • order information may be transmitted through high level syntax (HLS).
  • HLS high level syntax
  • the higher level syntax is, for example, a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a slice header, a coding tree unit, and a coding unit. And/or other suitable syntax data header.
  • Table 3 illustrates a high-level syntax structure to which the method proposed in this specification can be applied.
  • set_HMVP_order_flag is 1 indicates that set_HMVP_order_flag is present in the slice header in non-IDR (non-IDR) pictures in CVS.
  • set_HMVP_order_flag is 0 indicates that set_HMVP_order_flag is not present in slice headers and adaptive HMVP is not used in the VCS.
  • Table 4 illustrates a slice segment header syntax structure to which the method proposed in this specification can be applied.
  • slice_HMVP_idx means an index for the order of candidates used. For example, when slice_HMVP_idx is 0, basic HMVP sequences such as 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. can be represented. Similarly, an index value of 1 can be used to represent HMVP order of 3, 2, 1, 0.
  • a method of using a long term list for motion example prediction in addition to the HMVP LUT is proposed. Through this, the number of retained HMVP candidates can be increased.
  • 2-HMVP tables may be considered, where one can hold general HMVP candidates and the other can be used as a long term list that holds more candidates that need to be maintained.
  • the following illustrates how to initialize and configure a long term list (or long term HMVP list).
  • HMVP LUT After decoding the first CTU in the CTU row, one or more historical MVs of the subsequent CTU may be added to the long term HMVP LUT. This long term HMVP LUT may or may not be used until the next CTU row.
  • HMVP LUT can be used to initialize the normal HMVP LUT. The reason is that the HMVP candidates of the CTU at the start of the CTU row can be more co-relate than the historical MV at the end of the previous CTU row.
  • FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating an HMVP LUT and a long term HMVP LUT according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • an encoder/decoder may include two LUTs for storing HMVP candidates.
  • One of them may be an HMVP LUT (or a regular HMVP LUT, short term HMVP LUT) and the other may be a long term HMVP LUT.
  • HMVP candidates are all added to the merge or AMVP list, they can be added from the HMVP LUT or the long term LUT as shown in FIG. 30.
  • the syntax element may be signaled through a higher level syntax.
  • the syntax element may include a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a slice header, a coding tree unit, a coding unit, and/or It may exist in other syntax data headers.
  • a method for considering flexibility for decoding is proposed in adding an HMVP candidate to an HMVP LUT.
  • the encoder/decoder may consider a decision criterion for one or more characteristics of a PU (or CU) when adding an HMVP candidate to a table.
  • the encoder/decoder may consider the following when adding HMVP candidates to the table.
  • the encoder/decoder can be added as a candidate by considering characteristics such as the mode of the PU (eg, merge mode, affine mode, AMVP mode, etc.) and/or block size individually or in combination.
  • other additional features may also be considered.
  • a merge type eg, spatial candidate or temporal candidate
  • the selection criteria described above may be determined to reduce duplication with previous history (or previous HMVP). For example, when the PU is coded in the merge mode and the merge type is a spatial merge, the decoder may not update the motion information of the corresponding PU to the HMVP LUT.
  • 31 is a diagram illustrating an example of a method of updating an HMVP LUT according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the encoder/decoder acquires motion information of a coded candidate (S3101).
  • the encoder/decoder evaluates whether to update the candidate's motion information to the LUT according to a predefined decision criterion (S3102).
  • the determination criteria may include characteristics regarding at least one of the candidate's mode (eg, merge mode, affine mode, AMVP mode, etc.), the candidate's block size, and/or the candidate's merge type. Can.
  • the encoder/decoder updates the LUT based on the determination criteria (S4303). That is, if the candidate satisfies a predefined decision criterion, the encoder/decoder may add motion information of the candidate to the LUT.
  • the encoder/decoder may limit the number of pruning checks for the first specific number of candidates in the merge list. As an embodiment, the encoder/decoder may limit the number of pruning checks for candidates from the first candidate to the specific number-th candidate of the merge list. For example, the encoder/decoder may perform a pruning process for candidates from a first candidate of a merger list to a specific number of candidates. In addition, HMVP candidates that are the subject of pruning check may be limited to a predefined number.
  • the encoder/decoder may limit the pruning check by performing a pruning check on a specific type of merge candidate in the merge list. For example, in adding an HMVP candidate, the encoder/decoder can perform a pruning check only on a spatial candidate of a merge list. Or, for example, in adding an HMVP candidate, the encoder/decoder may perform a pruning check on only a part of the spatial candidate of the merge list.
  • Some of the spatial candidates may be predefined. For example, a part of the predefined spatial candidate may be at least one of a left neighbor space candidate and/or an upper neighbor space candidate.
  • the encoder/decoder may perform a pruning check only on a part of the spatial candidates of the merge list, and a part of the spatial candidates may be predefined in terms of left and upper sides.
  • the embodiments of the present specification are not limited thereto by the above-described examples, and various different types of merge candidates may be combined to be limited to the subject of pruning check.
  • 32 is a diagram illustrating a method of limiting the number of HMVP candidates to be subjected to pruning check according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the number of HMVP candidates that are the subject of pruning check may be limited to M.
  • the encoder/decoder can check whether motion information is duplicated between M candidates in the HMVP LUT and merge candidates of the merge list.
  • the encoder/decoder may check whether there is redundancy between M candidates in the HMVP LUT and motion information of the decoded PU when adding motion information of a currently decoded processing block (eg, PU) to the HMVP LUT.
  • a currently decoded processing block eg, PU
  • 33 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of performing pruning check according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the encoder/decoder acquires motion information of a decoded candidate and determines (or decodes) the number of pruning checks (S3301, S3302).
  • the number of pruning checks may be predefined in the encoder/decoder according to the method described above (eg, described in FIG. 32).
  • the encoder/decoder performs a pruning check based on the determined number of pruning checks (S4503).
  • information related to pruning check may be signaled through a higher level syntax in the same manner as in Tables 3 and 4 above.
  • the syntax element transmitted from the encoder to the decoder may be signaled through a specific high level syntax to indicate the number of pruning checks.
  • the higher level syntax is, for example, a sequence parameter set, a picture parameter set, a slice header, a coding tree unit, and a coding unit. And/or other syntax data headers.
  • an efficient method for selecting HMVP candidates is proposed.
  • a pruning check may be performed so that the HMVP candidate does not overlap with the existing merge list.
  • (M-1)xN conference check is required to perform a full overlap check between the merge list of size M and the history LUT of size N.
  • the number of HMVP candidates may depend on the merge candidate.
  • the number of HMVP candidates may depend on the number of spatial candidates present in the merge list.
  • the number of HMVP candidates may depend on the number of spatial and temporal candidates present in the merge list.
  • the number of HMVP candidates to perform a pruning check is reduced according to a specific criterion (or rule) based on the number of merge candidates and/or the number of HMVPs in the merge list. Can. This can reduce the number of duplicate checks in the worst case.
  • the merge list may include up to 5 spaces or other merge candidates.
  • 30 duplicate checks may be required to insert HMVP candidates from the 6 HMVP lists.
  • Equation 17 examples related to the limitation on the number of HMVPs to be subjected to pruning check are shown in Equation 17 and Table 5 below.
  • H-STMVP represents candidates derived from the average of two history-based spatial MVPs and TMVPs.
  • the two spatial HMVPs may be obtained from the HMVP buffer, and the TMVP may be obtained from the current merge list.
  • the spatial candidate may be a candidate obtained from the last two coded MVs in decoding order before the current block.
  • the last coded MV (referred to herein as MV_L), the last to second coded MV (referred to herein as MV_(L-1)), and MV_TMVP are H-STMVP candidates to be inserted into the merge list. It can be used to generate
  • the MV added to the merge list may be calculated by Equation 18 below.
  • H-STMVP may be generated by averaging only two candidates. Similarly, if only one candidate is available, only the one candidate can be used. If no candidate is available, H-STMVP may not be used for merge list construction.
  • an average value may be obtained as follows.
  • the encoder/decoder can average the two candidates first, and finally average the result using the third candidate.
  • the encoder/decoder may assign a higher importance/weight to a candidate, that is, MV_L, by applying a shift operation by 2, as shown in Equation (22).
  • MV_L a candidate that is, MV_L
  • Equation (22) an average value can be derived without a division operation only by a shift operation.
  • n candidates are not necessarily in a continuous decoding order. You can choose randomly or according to some rules.
  • Equation 18 described above may be expressed in a more general manner as in Equation 23 below.
  • the above-described object can be achieved by averaging the spatial candidates using Equation 24 below and then averaging the MV_TMVP using the results.
  • a method of adding a weight (or weighting factor) to a motion vector candidate used to derive H-STMVP is proposed.
  • the weight may be determined empirically, may be determined in consideration of a time distance to a fixed reference frame, or may be determined by considering a position in the history table. As an example, a new candidate may have more weight than a previous candidate.
  • Equation 18 described above may be expressed as Equation 25 below.
  • the weights may have the same value or may have an unevenly distributed value.
  • a method of scaling a motion vector used to derive an H-STMVP candidate into a single reference picture is proposed.
  • FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining a method for deriving an H-STMVP candidate using motion vectors referring to different reference pictures according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • MV_L, MV_L-1, and MV_TMVP candidates refer to (or indicate) different reference pictures, respectively. That is, FIG. 34 shows that each candidate used to generate an H-STMVP candidate may have a different reference index and consequently a different reference frame.
  • the selected reference frame may be signaled in a slice header similar to the TMVP array index present in the slice header. For example, it may be possible to create a reference frame to be used using a fixed rule. Or, for example, it may be scaled from L0 to the first available reference frame, or it may be scaled to the current picture order count.
  • a single fixed picture using high-level syntax which may be part of a sequence parameter set, picture parameter set, slice header, coding tree unit and/or other data header to achieve the above-described object.
  • the encoder may transmit information on to the decoder.
  • a high-level syntax structure such as the following Table 6 and/or Table 7 may be defined.
  • set_HSTMVP_ref_pic_flag when set_HSTMVP_ref_pic_flag is equal to 1, it indicates that set_HSTMVP_idx is present in the slice header of a non-IDR picture in CVS. If set_HSTMVP_ref_pic_flag is 0, it indicates that set_HSTMVP_idx does not exist in the slice header.
  • slice_HMVP_idx designates a reference index.
  • a reference index may be selected for list L0.
  • a method of indirectly using affine HMVP candidates using position and dimension information to calculate (or derive) CPMV of the current block is proposed.
  • the induced CPMV may be referred to as an inherited apparel HMVP candidate.
  • the inherited Affine HMVP candidate according to an embodiment of the present specification may be used in the above-described Affine merge list and/or Affine AMVP list generation process.
  • 35 is a diagram illustrating a location of a block for deriving an HMVP candidate that is an inherited apparel according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the CPMV of the current block 3501 may be derived in a manner similar to a method of deriving a general inherited CPMV from neighboring blocks based on the location and dimension of an affine HMVP candidate. That is, the encoder/decoder may derive the motion vector of the control point of the current block 3501 based on the position and dimension (eg, width and height) information of the reference block 3502 that is an affine HMVP candidate.
  • the encoder/decoder may derive the motion vector of the control point of the current block 3501 based on the position and dimension (eg, width and height) information of the reference block 3502 that is an affine HMVP candidate.
  • the CPMV of the HMVP which is the inherited language of the current block, may be derived using Equations 26 and 27 below.
  • posCurCU_Y represents the vertical coordinate value of the upper left sample of the current block 3501
  • posRefCU_Y represents the vertical coordinate value of the upper left sample of the reference block 3502.
  • posCurCU_X represents the horizontal coordinate value of the upper left sample of the current block 3501
  • posRefCU_X represents the horizontal coordinate value of the upper left sample of the reference block 3502.
  • RefCU_height represents the height of the reference block 3502
  • RefCU_width represents the width of the reference block 3502.
  • affine HMVP candidate direct or inherited HMVP
  • restrictions may be added to select affine HMVP candidates that can be used to generate affine merge or affine AMVP lists. have.
  • an affine HMVP candidate may be added to an affine merge or affine AMVP list only when the affine HMVP candidate is adjacent to the current block.
  • an affine HMVP candidate may be added to an affine merge or affine AMVP list only when the affine HMVP candidate is located (or exists) within a certain distance from the current block.
  • the specific distance may be a predefined pixel distance.
  • the encoder/decoder may determine (or determine) whether the affine HMVP candidate is located within a specific predefined distance to determine whether the affine HMVP candidate is available.
  • affine HMVP candidates may be added to affine merge or affine AMVP list only when they are located (or exist) at a specific location based on a current block. For example, when present in the specific location, it may be a case where the affine HMVP candidate is a left or upper neighboring block of the current block.
  • HMVP LUT For a HMVP LUT with N elements, the above-described verification process for all elements or the first M elements is performed until the merge or AMVP list is full, or until a certain predefined number of HMVP candidates is reached. Can.
  • the affine HMVP candidate proposes a method used to replace an existing existing affine candidate in the affine merge list and/or the affine AMVP list.
  • 36 is a diagram illustrating an affine merge list or affine AMVP list according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the encoder/decoder may replace the inherited candidate existing in the existing affine merge list or affine AMVP list with the inherited affine HMVP candidate. That is, when the sub-block-based merge mode is applied to the current block, the encoder/decoder generates a sub-block-based merge candidate list using the inherited affine candidate and the constructed affine candidate, and derives the inherited affine HMVP candidate In this way, at least one inherited affine candidate included in the sub-block-based merge candidate list may be replaced with an inherited affine HMVP candidate.
  • affine HMVP lookup table may be initialized at the beginning of a slice, CTU row, or CTU. This can improve the performance of parallel processing.
  • FIG. 37 is a diagram for describing a method of performing affine prediction based on affine HMVP according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • motion information of the current CU can be used to update the affine HMVP table. Similar to the regular table update process, when adding a new motion candidate to the table, limited FIFO rules can be used. At this time, the redundancy check may be applied first to find out whether the table has the same HMVP. When overlapping motion information is confirmed, the same upper HMVP is removed from the table and all subsequent upper HMVP candidates can move forward. That is, the duplicate HMVP candidates are removed from the table, and the indexes of the remaining HMVP candidates can be reduced by one. In one embodiment, the affine HMVP table size may be set to 5, which is the same as the size of the sub-block merge list. And, the table can be reset at the beginning of the CTU row.
  • the affine HMVP table may store at least one of the following motion information.
  • the inherited affine merge candidate and the inherited affine AMVP candidate can be derived from the left and upper neighboring blocks coded in the affine mode.
  • a conventional inherited affine candidate may be replaced with an inherited candidate derived from affine HMVP.
  • Affine merge and AMVP candidates inherited from Affine HMVP may have the same location as the currently inherited Affine candidates. Up to two candidates inherited from Affine HMVP may be allowed (or applied) in both Affine Merge and Affine AMVP.
  • the items in the affine HMVP table can be identified from the latest item (ie, the most recently added candidate), and can be used to derive an inherited candidate only when the affine HMVP candidate is adjacent to the current CU. Since the location and size information is stored in the affine HMVP table, it may be determined whether the HMVP is a neighbor of the current CU. For HMVPs identified as neighbors of the current CU, width, height and CPMV can be used to derive the CPMV of the current CU in the same way as the current affine inheritance method.
  • CPMV may be used only for inherited affine motion data. Since CPMVs that are not adjacent to the current CU can be discarded, there is no need to store the CPMV for the entire CTU in implementation.
  • the encoder/decoder can store only the vector context of the upper row and left column, not the entire CTU, as shown in FIG. 49. 49 shows a vector context state after encoding/decoding CU #10.
  • the hatched area 3701 represents a CPMV context, and may be set in 8 pixel units as an example.
  • CPMV can be stored for each 8-pixel segment.
  • Table 9 below is a diagram illustrating the amount of information stored in the HMVP buffer. Referring to Table 8, for an affine HMVP table of size 5, including MV and all other necessary information, the storage is only about 170 bytes. Therefore, it can be significantly reduced compared to 6.9K + bytes to store CPMV for the entire CTU.
  • 38 is a flowchart illustrating a method of processing a video signal based on inter prediction according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • a decoder is mainly described, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and an inter prediction-based video signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be performed in the same manner in the encoder and decoder .
  • the decoder constructs a merge list based on spatially and temporally neighboring blocks in the current block (S3801).
  • the decoder adds a history-based merge candidate indicating motion information of a block coded before the current block to the merge list (S3802).
  • the decoder obtains a merge index indicating a merge candidate used for inter prediction of the current block in the merge list (S3803).
  • the decoder generates a prediction block of the current block based on the motion information of the merge candidate indicated by the merge index (S3804).
  • the decoder reconstructs the current block by adding the residual block of the current block to the prediction block (S3805).
  • the decoder updates a history-based candidate list based on the motion information of the merge candidate (S3806).
  • a history-based merge candidate may be added to the merge list when motion information is not overlapped with a predefined merge candidate among merge candidates included in the merge list.
  • the method may further include adding a zero motion vector to the merge list.
  • the merge candidate is added to the merge list. Can.
  • the motion-based merge candidate when it has motion information that does not overlap with a specific spatial merge candidate included in the merge list, it may be added to the merge list.
  • the history-based merge candidate may be derived from a predefined number of candidates in the history-based candidate list.
  • the motion vector of the history-based spatial time candidate may be derived as a value obtained by averaging the motion vectors of the two history-based merge candidates and the motion vector of the time merge candidates. Can.
  • the decoding device and the encoding device to which the present specification is applied may be included in a digital de-vice.
  • the term “digital device” includes all digital devices capable of performing at least one of transmission, reception, processing, and output, for example, of data, content, and services.
  • the processing of the data, content, service, etc. by the digital device includes an operation of encoding and/or decoding data, content, service, and the like.
  • These digital devices are paired or connected (hereinafter referred to as'pairing') with other digital devices, external servers, etc. through a wire/wireless network to transmit and receive data, Convert as needed.
  • the digital device is, for example, a fixed device (standing device) such as a network TV (network TV), HBBTV (Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV), smart TV (Smart TV), IPTV (internet protocol television), PC (Personal Com-puter), etc. ), and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), smart phones (Smart Phones), tablet PCs (Tablet PCs), and mobile devices (mobile devices or handheld devices).
  • a network TV network TV
  • HBBTV Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV
  • smart TV Smart TV
  • IPTV Internet protocol television
  • PC Personal Com-puter
  • PDAs Personal Digital Assistants
  • smart phones Smart Phones
  • Tablett PCs Tablett PCs
  • mobile devices mobile devices or handheld devices.
  • a digital TV is illustrated in Figure 33 to be described later for convenience, and a mobile device is illustrated and described in Figure 34 as an example of a digital device.
  • wireless/wireless network refers to a communication network that supports various communication standards or protocols for interconnection and/or data transmission and reception between digital devices or digital devices and external servers.
  • Such a wired/wireless network may include both a communication network to be supported by the standard or a communication protocol therefor, and for example, Universal Serial Bus (USB), Composite Video Banking Sync (CVBS), component, and S-Video.
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • CVBS Composite Video Banking Sync
  • component S-Video
  • Wi-Fi Direct can be formed by a communication standard for wireless connection.
  • DVI Digital Visual Interface
  • HDMI High Definition Multimedia Interface
  • RGB High Definition Multimedia Interface
  • D-SUB and Bluetooth
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • IrDA Infrared Data Association
  • UWB Ultra Wideband
  • ZigBee Digital Living Network Alliance
  • DLNA Wireless LAN
  • Wi-Fi Wireless broadband
  • Wibro World Interoperability for Microwave (Wimax) Access
  • HSDPA High Speed Down-link Packet Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Wi-Fi Direct can be formed by a communication standard for wireless connection.
  • a digital device in the case of merely referring to a digital device in the present specification, it may mean a fixed device or a mobile device or include both depending on context.
  • the digital device is an intelligent device that supports, for example, a broadcast reception function, a computer function or support, and at least one external input, e-mail, web browsing through a wired/wireless network described above ( It can support web browsing, banking, games, and applications.
  • the digital device may include an interface for supporting at least one input or control means (hereinafter referred to as an input means) such as a handwritten input device, a touch screen, and a space remote control.
  • the digital device can use a standardized general-purpose operating system (OS). For example, a digital device can add, delete, modify, and update various applications on a general-purpose OS kernel. You can configure and provide a user-friendly environment.
  • OS general-purpose operating system
  • the external input described in this specification includes an external input device, that is, all input means or digital devices connected to the above-mentioned digital device by wire/wireless and capable of transmitting/receiving related data through it.
  • the external input is, for example, a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a game device such as a play station or an X-box, a smart phone, a tablet PC, a printer, a digital digital device such as a smart TV. Includes all devices.
  • HDMI high-definition multimedia interface
  • server described in this specification includes a client, that is, all digital devices or systems that supply data to the digital devices described above, and is called a processor. Also. Examples of such a server include a web page or a portal server providing web content, an advertising server providing advertising data, a content server providing content, and an SNS Social Network Service) may include an SNS server providing a service, a service server provided by a manufacturer, or a manufacturing server.
  • the "channel (channel)" described herein refers to a path (path), means (means), etc. for transmitting and receiving data, for example, a broadcasting channel (broadcasting channel).
  • the broadcast channel is expressed in terms of a physical channel, a virtual channel, and a logical channel according to the activation of digital broadcasting.
  • a broadcast channel can be called a broadcast network.
  • the broadcast channel refers to a channel for providing or accessing broadcast content provided by a broadcasting station, and the broadcast content is mainly based on real-time broadcasting and is also called a live channel. .
  • the medium for broadcasting has become more diversified, and non-real time broadcasting is also activated in addition to real-time broadcasting, so the live channel is not only real-time broadcasting, but in some cases, non-real-time broadcasting. It may also be understood as a term meaning the entire channel.
  • arbitrary channel is further defined in relation to a channel other than the above-described broadcast channel.
  • the arbitrary channel may be provided together with a service guide such as an Electronic Program Guide (EPG) along with a broadcast channel, and a service guide, a GUI (Graphic User Interface) or an OSD screen (On-Screen Dis) may be provided only with an arbitrary channel. -play screen).
  • EPG Electronic Program Guide
  • GUI Graphic User Interface
  • OSD screen On-Screen Dis
  • a random channel is a channel randomly allocated by a receiver, and a channel number that is not basically overlapped with a channel number for expressing the broadcast channel is allocated.
  • the receiver receives a broadcast signal that transmits broadcast content and signaling information therefor through the tuned channel.
  • the receiver parses channel information from the signaling information, and configures a channel browser, an EPG, and the like based on the parsed channel information and provides it to the user.
  • the receiver responds accordingly.
  • the broadcast channel is a content previously promised between the transmitting and receiving terminals, when a random channel is repeatedly allocated with the broadcast channel, it may cause confusion or a confusion of the user. .
  • the random channel number is not duplicated with the broadcast channel number as described above, there is still a confusion in the channel surfing process of the user, and it is required to allocate the random channel number in consideration of this.
  • any channel according to the present specification can also be implemented to be accessed as a broadcast channel in the same manner in response to a user's request to switch a channel through an input means in the same way as a conventional broadcast channel.
  • the random channel number is a type in which characters are written in parallel, such as random channel-1, random channel-2, and the like, for a convenience of discrimination or identification between a user's random channel access and a broadcast channel number. It can be defined and marked as.
  • the display of an arbitrary channel number may be realized in the form of a character in parallel as in random channel-1, or in the form of a number in the receiver, as in the number of the broadcast channel.
  • an arbitrary channel number may be provided in a numeric form, such as a broadcast channel, and a channel number may be defined and displayed in various ways distinguishable from a broadcast channel, such as video channel-1, title-1, and video-1. have.
  • the digital device executes a web browser for a web service, and provides various types of web pages to the user.
  • the web page includes a web page including a video content
  • the video is processed separately or independently from the web page.
  • the separated video can be implemented by allocating an arbitrary channel number as described above, providing it through a service guide, etc., and outputting it according to a channel switching request in a process of viewing a service guide or a broadcast channel.
  • predetermined content, images, audio, items, etc. are separately processed from the broadcast content, games, and applications themselves, and for playback, processing, etc. Any channel number can be assigned and implemented as described above.
  • 39 is a diagram schematically showing an example of a service system including a digital device.
  • Service systems including digital devices include a content provider (CP) 3910, a service provider (SP) 3920, a network provider (NP) 3930 and a home network end user (HNED). ) (Customer) 3940.
  • the HNED 3940 is, for example, a client 3900, that is, a digital device.
  • the content provider 3910 produces and provides various types of content. As shown in FIG. 39 as such a content provider 3910, terrestrial broadcaster, cable SO (System Operator) or MSO (Multiple SO), satellite broadcaster (satellite broadcaster) , Various Internet broadcasters, and private content providers (Private CPs). Meanwhile, the content provider 3910 provides various applications in addition to broadcast content.
  • the service provider 3920 provides the content provided by the content provider 3910 as a service package to the HNED 3940.
  • the service provider 3920 of FIG. 39 packages the first terrestrial broadcast, the second terrestrial broadcast, the cable MSO, the satellite broadcast, various Internet broadcasts, applications, etc., and provides them to the HNED 3940.
  • the service provider 3920 provides services to the client 300 in a uni-cast or multi-cast manner. Meanwhile, the service provider 3920 may transmit data to a plurality of pre-registered clients 3900 at a time, and for this, an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) protocol may be used.
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • the above-described content provider 3910 and service provider 3920 may be identical or single entities. For example, by providing the content produced by the content provider 3910 as a service package and providing it to the HNED 3940, the function of the service provider 3920 may also be performed or vice versa.
  • the network provider 3930 provides a network for data exchange between the content provider 3910 or/and the service provider 3920 and the client 3900.
  • the client 3900 can establish a home network to transmit and receive data.
  • the content provider 3910 or/and the service provider 3920 in the service system may use conditional access or content protection means to protect transmitted content.
  • the client 300 may use processing means such as a CableCARD (POD: Point of De-ployment), DCAS (Downloadable CAS), etc. in response to the restriction reception or content protection.
  • CableCARD Point of De-ployment
  • DCAS Downloadable CAS
  • the client 3900 can also use a two-way service through a network (or communication network). In this case, rather, the client 3900 may perform the function of a content provider, and the existing service provider 3920 may receive it and transmit it back to another client.
  • FIG. 40 is a block diagram illustrating a digital device according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 40 may correspond to, for example, the client 3900 of FIG. 39, and refers to the digital device described above.
  • the digital device 4000 includes a network interface 4001, a TCP/IP manager 4002, a service delivery manager 4003, and an SI decoder 4004.
  • the network interface unit 4001 receives or transmits IP packets (internet proto-col (IP) packets) through a network. That is, the network interface unit 4001 receives a service, content, etc. from the service provider 5320 through a network network.
  • IP Internet proto-col
  • the TCP/IP manager 4002 transmits packets between a source and a destination for IP packets received by the digital device 4000 and IP packets transmitted by the digital device 4000. Get involved. Then, the TCP/IP manager 4002 classifies the received packet(s) to correspond to an appropriate protocol, and the service delivery manager 4005, the service discovery manager 4010, the service control manager 4009, and the metadata manager 4012 ), and the like.
  • the service delivery manager 4003 is responsible for controlling received service data. For example, the service delivery manager 4003 may use RTP/RTCP when controlling real-time streaming data.
  • the service delivery manager 4003 parses the received data packet according to RTP and transmits it to the demultiplexer 4005 or control of the service manager 4013 According to the SI & metadata database 4011. And the service delivery manager 4003 uses the RTCP to feed back the network reception information to the server providing the service.
  • the demultiplexing unit 4005 demultiplexes the received packets into audio, video, and system information (SI) data, and transmits them to the audio/video decoder 4006/4007 and the SI decoder 4004, respectively.
  • SI system information
  • the SI decoder 4004 decodes service information such as program specific information (PSI), program and system information protocol (PSIP), and digital video broadcasting-service information (DVB-SI).
  • PSI program specific information
  • PSIP program and system information protocol
  • DVB-SI digital video broadcasting-service information
  • the SI decoder 4004 stores the decoded service information in the SI & metadata database 4011, for example.
  • the service information stored in this way may be read and used by a corresponding configuration, for example, by a user's request.
  • the audio/video decoder 4006/4007 decodes each audio data and video data demultiplexed by the demultiplexing unit 4005.
  • the audio data and video data thus decoded are provided to the user through the display unit 4008.
  • the application manager may include, for example, a UI manager 4014 and a service manager 4013.
  • the application manager may manage the overall state of the digital device 4000, provide a user interface, and manage other managers.
  • the UI manager 4014 provides a graphical user interface (GUI) for a user using an on-screen display (OSD) or the like, and receives a key input from a user to perform device operation according to the input. For example, when the UI manager 4014 receives a key input for channel selection from a user, the UI manager 4014 transmits the key input signal to the service manager 4013.
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • OSD on-screen display
  • the service manager 4013 controls a manager associated with a service, such as a service delivery manager 4003, a service discovery manager 4010, a service control manager 4009, and a metadata manager 4012.
  • the service manager 4013 creates a channel map and selects a channel using the channel map according to a key input received from the user interface manager 4014. Then, the service manager 4013 receives the service information of the channel from the SI decoder 4004 and sets the audio/video PID (packet identifier) of the selected channel to the demultiplexer 4005.
  • the PID set in this way is used in the demultiplexing process described above. Accordingly, the demultiplexing unit 4005 filters the audio data, video data, and SI data using the PID.
  • the service discovery manager 4010 provides information necessary to select a service provider that provides a service.
  • the service discovery manager 4010 uses the above information to find a service.
  • the service control manager 4009 is responsible for selecting and controlling services.
  • the service control manager 4009 uses IGMP or RTSP or the like when a user selects a live broadcast-ing service such as an existing broadcasting method, and selects a service such as video on demand (VOD). If it does, the service is selected and controlled using RTSP.
  • the RTSP protocol may provide a trick mode for real-time streaming.
  • the service control manager 4009 may initialize and manage a session through the IMS gateway 4050 using an IP multimedia subsys-tem (IMS) and a session initiation protocol (SIP).
  • IMS IP multimedia subsys-tem
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • the protocols are one embodiment, and other protocols may be used according to implementation examples.
  • the metadata manager 4012 manages metadata associated with the service and stores the metadata in the SI & metadata database 4011.
  • the SI & metadata database 4011 includes service information decoded by the SI decoder 4004, metadata managed by the metadata manager 4012, and information necessary to select a service provider provided by the service discovery manager 4010. To save.
  • the SI & metadata database 4011 can store set-up data and the like for the system.
  • the SI & metadata database 4011 may be implemented using non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), flash memory, or the like.
  • NVRAM non-volatile RAM
  • the IMS gateway 4050 is a gateway that collects functions necessary for accessing an IMS-based IPTV service.
  • FIG. 41 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.
  • FIG. 41 illustrates a block diagram of a mobile device as another embodiment of a digital device.
  • the mobile device 4100 includes a wireless communication unit 4110, an audio/video (A/V) input unit 4120, a user input unit 4130, a sensing unit 4140, and an output unit 4150. It may include a memory 4160, an interface unit 4170, a control unit 4180, and a power supply unit 4190.
  • the components shown in FIG. 41 are not essential, so a mobile device with more or fewer components may be implemented.
  • the wireless communication unit 4110 may include one or more modules that enable wireless communication between the mobile device 4100 and a wireless communication system or between a mobile device and a network in which the mobile device is located.
  • the wireless communication unit 4110 may include a broadcast reception module 4111, a mobile communication module 4112, a wireless Internet module 4113, a short-range communication module 4114, a location information module 4115, and the like. .
  • the broadcast reception module 4111 receives broadcast signals and/or broadcast related information from an external broadcast management server through a broadcast channel.
  • the broadcast channel may include a satellite channel and a terrestrial channel.
  • the broadcast management server may mean a server that generates and transmits broadcast signals and/or broadcast-related information or a server that receives previously generated broadcast signals and/or broadcast-related information and transmits them to a terminal.
  • the broadcast signal may include a TV broadcast signal, a radio broadcast signal, and a data broadcast signal, and may also include a TV broadcast signal or a radio broadcast signal combined with a data broadcast signal.
  • the broadcast related information may mean information related to a broadcast channel, broadcast program, or broadcast service provider. Broadcast-related information may also be provided through a mobile communication network. In this case, it may be received by the mobile communication module 4112.
  • Broadcast-related information may exist in various forms, for example, an electronic program guide (EPG) or an electronic service guide (ESG).
  • EPG electronic program guide
  • ESG electronic service guide
  • the broadcast reception module 4111 includes, for example, ATSC, digital video broadcasting-terrestrial (DVB-T), satellite (DVB-S), media forward link only (MediaFLO), handheld (DVB-H), ISDB-T (Digital broadcast signals can be received using digital broadcast systems such as integrated services digital broadcast-terrestrial.
  • the broadcast receiving module 511 may be configured to be suitable for other broadcasting systems as well as the digital broadcasting system described above.
  • the broadcast signal and/or broadcast-related information received through the broadcast receiving module 4111 may be stored in the memory 4160.
  • the mobile communication module 4112 transmits and receives a radio signal to and from at least one of a base station, an external terminal, and a server on a mobile communication network.
  • the wireless signal may include various types of data according to transmission and reception of a voice signal, a video call signal, or a text/multimedia message.
  • the wireless Internet module 4113 may include a module for wireless Internet access, and may be built in or external to the mobile device 4100.
  • wireless Internet technology wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-Fi), wireless broadband (Wibro), world interoperability for microwave access (Wimax), and high speed downlink packet access (HSDPA) may be used.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • Wibro wireless broadband
  • Wimax wireless broadband
  • HSDPA high speed downlink packet access
  • the short-range communication module 4114 refers to a module for short-range communication.
  • Short-range communication Bluetooth
  • RFID radio frequency Identi-fication
  • infrared communication IrDA, infrared data association
  • UWB ultra wideband
  • ZigBee RS-232, RS-485, etc.
  • the location information module 4115 is a module for obtaining location information of the mobile device 4100, and may use a global positioning system (GPS) module as an example.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the A/V input unit 4120 is for audio or/and video signal input, and may include a camera 4121 and a microphone 4122.
  • the camera 4121 processes image frames such as still images or moving images obtained by an image sensor in a video call mode or a shooting mode.
  • the processed image frame may be displayed on the display portion 4151.
  • the image frames processed by the camera 4121 may be stored in the memory 4160 or transmitted to the outside through the wireless communication unit 4110. Two or more cameras 4121 may be provided according to the use environment.
  • the microphone 4122 receives an external sound signal by a microphone in a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, etc., and processes it as electrical voice data.
  • the processed voice data may be converted and output in a form that can be transmitted to the mobile communication base station through the mobile communication module 4112 in the call mode.
  • the microphone 4122 may be implemented with various noise removal algorithms for removing noise generated in the process of receiving an external sound signal.
  • the user input unit 4130 generates input data for the user to control the operation of the terminal.
  • the user input unit 4130 may be configured with a key pad, a dome switch, a touch pad (static pressure/power outage), a jog wheel, a jog switch, or the like.
  • the sensing unit 4140 displays the current state of the mobile device 4100, such as an open/closed state of the mobile device 4100, a location of the mobile device 4100, presence or absence of user contact, orientation of the mobile device, acceleration/deceleration of the mobile device, and the like. It senses and generates a sensing signal for controlling the operation of the mobile device 4100. For example, when the mobile device 4100 is moved or tilted, the position or tilt of the mobile device may be sensed. In addition, whether power is supplied to the power supply unit 4190 or whether external devices are coupled to the interface unit 4170 may be sensed. Meanwhile, the sensing unit 4140 may include a proximity sensor 4141 including near field communication (NFC).
  • NFC near field communication
  • the output unit 4150 is for generating output related to vision, hearing, or tactile sense, and may include a display unit 4151, an audio output module 4152, an alarm unit 4153, and a haptic module 4154. have.
  • the display portion 4151 displays (outputs) information processed by the mobile device 4100. For example, when the mobile device is in a call mode, a user interface (UI) or a graphic user interface (GUI) related to the call is displayed. When the mobile device 4100 is in a video call mode or a photographing mode, a photographed and/or received video or UI, GUI is displayed.
  • UI user interface
  • GUI graphic user interface
  • the display portion 4151 includes a liquid crystal display (LCD), a thin film transistor-liquid crystal display (TFT LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and a flexible display ( flexible display) and a 3D display.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • TFT LCD thin film transistor-liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • flexible display flexible display and a 3D display.
  • Some of these displays may be of a transparent type or a light transmissive type so that the outside can be seen through them. This may be called a transparent display, and a typical example of the transparent display is TOLED (transparent OLED).
  • the rear structure of the display portion 4151 may also be configured as a light transmissive structure. With this structure, the user can see an object located behind the terminal body through an area occupied by the display unit 4151 of the terminal body.
  • two or more display units 4151 may be present.
  • a plurality of display units may be spaced apart or integrally disposed on one surface, or may be disposed on different surfaces.
  • the display unit 4151 and a sensor detecting a touch operation form a mutual layer structure (hereinafter referred to as a “touch screen”)
  • the display unit 4151 inputs other than an output device. It can also be used as a device.
  • the touch sensor may have, for example, a form of a touch film, a touch sheet, or a touch pad.
  • the touch sensor may be configured to convert changes in pressure applied to a specific portion of the display portion 4151 or capacitance generated in a specific portion of the display portion 4151 into an electrical input signal.
  • the touch sensor may be configured to detect not only the touched position and area, but also pressure at the time of touch.
  • the corresponding signal(s) is sent to the touch controller.
  • the touch controller processes the signal(s) and then transmits corresponding data to the controller 4180. Accordingly, the control unit 4180 can know which area of the display unit 4151 is touched, and the like.
  • a proximity sensor 4141 may be disposed in an inner area of the mobile device surrounded by the touch screen or near the touch screen.
  • the proximity sensor refers to a sensor that detects the presence or absence of an object approaching a predetermined detection surface or an object in the vicinity using mechanical force or infrared light without mechanical contact.
  • Proximity sensors have a longer lifespan and higher utilization than contact sensors.
  • the proximity sensor examples include a transmission type photoelectric sensor, a direct reflection type photoelectric sensor, a mirror reflection type photoelectric sensor, a high frequency oscillation type proximity sensor, a capacitive type proximity sensor, a magnetic type proximity sensor, and an infrared proximity sensor.
  • the touch screen When the touch screen is capacitive, it is configured to detect the proximity of the pointer due to a change in the electric field according to the proximity of the pointer. In this case, the touch screen (touch sensor) may be classified as a proximity sensor.
  • proximity touch the act of allowing the pointer to be recognized as being positioned on the touch screen without being touched by the pointer on the touch screen
  • contact touch the act of actually touching the pointer
  • the location on the touch screen that is the proximity touch with the pointer means a location where the pointer is perpendicular to the touch screen when the pointer is touched close.
  • the proximity sensor detects a proximity touch and a proximity touch pattern (eg, proximity touch distance, proximity touch direction, proximity touch speed, proximity touch time, proximity touch position, proximity touch movement state, etc.). Information corresponding to the sensed proximity touch operation and the proximity touch pattern may be output on the touch screen.
  • a proximity touch pattern eg, proximity touch distance, proximity touch direction, proximity touch speed, proximity touch time, proximity touch position, proximity touch movement state, etc.
  • the audio output module 4152 may output audio data received from the wireless communication unit 4110 or stored in the memory 4160 in a call signal reception, a call mode or a recording mode, a voice recognition mode, a broadcast reception mode, or the like.
  • the sound output module 4152 may also output sound signals related to functions (for example, call signal reception sound, message reception sound, etc.) performed by the mobile device 4100.
  • the sound output module 4152 may include a receiver, a speaker, and a buzzer.
  • the alarm unit 4203 outputs a signal for notifying the occurrence of the event of the mobile device 4100. Examples of events generated in the mobile device include call signal reception, message reception, key signal input, and touch input.
  • the alarm unit 4203 may output a signal for notifying the occurrence of an event in a form other than a video signal or an audio signal, for example, vibration.
  • the video signal or the audio signal may also be output through the display unit 4151 or the audio output module 4152, so that the display unit and the audio output modules 4151 and 4152 may be classified as part of the alarm unit 4153.
  • the haptic module 4154 generates various tactile effects that the user can feel.
  • a typical example of the tactile effect generated by the haptic module 4154 is vibration.
  • the intensity and pattern of vibration generated by the haptic module 4154 can be controlled. For example, different vibrations may be synthesized and output or sequentially output.
  • the haptic module 4154 in addition to vibration, is a pin array that vertically moves with respect to the contact skin surface, the ejection or suction power of the air through the injection port or the intake port, the stimulation of the skin surface, the electrode contact, the stimulus such as electrostatic force
  • Various tactile effects can be generated, such as the effect caused by and the effect of reproducing the feeling of cold and warm using an element capable of absorbing heat or generating heat.
  • the haptic module 4154 may not only deliver the tactile effect through direct contact, but may also implement the user to feel the tactile effect through muscle sensations such as fingers or arms. Two or more haptic modules 4154 may be provided according to a configuration aspect of the mobile device 4100.
  • the memory 4160 may store a program for the operation of the controller 4180, and may temporarily store input/output data (eg, a phone book, a message, a still image, a video, etc.).
  • the memory 4160 may store data related to various patterns of vibration and sound output when a touch is input on the touch screen.
  • the memory 4160 is a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, a card type memory (for example, SD or XD memory, etc.), Random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), magnetic memory, It may include at least one type of storage medium among magnetic disks and optical disks.
  • the mobile device 4100 may operate in connection with a web storage that performs a storage function of the memory 4160 on the Internet.
  • the interface unit 4170 serves as a passage with all external devices connected to the mobile device 4100.
  • the interface unit 4170 receives data from an external device, receives power, transfers it to each component inside the mobile device 4100, or allows data inside the mobile device 4100 to be transmitted to the external device.
  • wired/wireless headset port, external charger port, wired/wireless data port, memory card port, port for connecting devices equipped with an identification module, audio input/output (I/O) port, A video I/O port, an earphone port, and the like may be included in the interface unit 4170.
  • the identification module is a chip that stores various information for authenticating the usage rights of the mobile device 4100, a user identification module (UIM), a subscriber identification module (SIM), and a universal user authentication module ( universal subscriber identity module, USIM).
  • the device provided with the identification module (hereinafter referred to as an'identification device') may be manufactured in a smart card format. Therefore, the identification device may be connected to the terminal 4100 through a port.
  • the interface unit 4170 when the mobile terminal 4100 is connected to an external cradle (cradle), the power from the cradle becomes a passage to be supplied to the mobile terminal 4100, or various command signals input from the cradle by the user It can be a passage to the mobile terminal.
  • Various command signals or power input from the cradle may be operated as signals for recognizing that the mobile terminal is correctly mounted on the cradle.
  • the control unit 4180 typically controls the overall operation of the mobile device. For example, it performs related control and processing for voice calls, data communication, video calls, and the like.
  • the controller 4180 may include a multimedia module 4101 for multimedia playback.
  • the multimedia module 4181 may be implemented in the controller 4180 or may be implemented separately from the controller 4180.
  • the controller 4180, particularly the multimedia module 4101, may include the encoding device 100 and/or the decoding device 200 described above.
  • the controller 4180 may perform a pattern recognition process capable of recognizing handwriting input or picture drawing input performed on a touch screen as characters and images, respectively.
  • the power supply 4190 receives external power and internal power under the control of the controller 4180 and supplies power required for the operation of each component.
  • the embodiments described herein include application spe-cific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devic-es (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), and fields (FPGAs) It can be implemented using at least one of programmable gate arrays, processors, controllers, micro-controllers, microprocessors, and electrical units for performing other functions. Examples may be implemented by the controller 4180 itself.
  • ASICs application spe-cific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devic-es
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field
  • embodiments such as procedures and functions described herein may be implemented as separate software modules.
  • Each of the software modules can perform one or more functions and operations described herein.
  • Software code can be implemented in a software application written in an appropriate programming language.
  • the software code is stored in the memory 4160 and may be executed by the controller 4180.
  • FIG. 42 is a configuration block diagram illustrating another embodiment of a digital device.
  • the digital device 4200 include a broadcast receiving unit 4205, an external device interface unit 4235, a storage unit 4240, a user input interface unit 4250, a control unit 4270, a display unit 4280, audio It may include an output unit 4285, a power supply unit 4290 and a photographing unit (not shown).
  • the broadcast reception unit 4205 may include at least one tuner 4210, a demodulation unit 4220, and a network interface unit 4245.
  • the broadcast receiving unit 4205 may include a tuner 4210 and a demodulation unit 4220, but may not include the network interface unit 4245, and vice versa.
  • a multiplexer is provided to multiplex the signal demodulated by the demodulator 4220 through the tuner 4210 and the network interface unit 4207. It might be.
  • a demultiplexer may be provided to demultiplex the multiplexed signal or demultiplex the demodulated signal or the signal that has passed through the network interface unit 4245. have.
  • the tuner 4210 receives an RF broadcast signal by tuning a channel selected by a user or all pre-stored channels among radio frequency (RF) broadcast signals received through an antenna. In addition, the tuner 4210 converts the received RF broadcast signal into an intermediate fre-quency (IF) signal or a baseband signal.
  • IF intermediate fre-quency
  • the tuner 4210 can process both digital broadcast signals or analog broadcast signals.
  • the analog baseband video or audio signal (CVBS/SIF) output from the tuner 4210 may be directly input to the controller 4270.
  • the tuner 4210 may receive a single carrier RF broadcast signal according to an advanced television system committee (ATSC) scheme or a multiple carrier RF broadcast signal according to a digital video broadcasting (DVB) scheme.
  • ATSC advanced television system committee
  • DVD digital video broadcasting
  • the tuner 4210 may sequentially tune and receive RF broadcast signals of all broadcast channels stored through a channel storage function among RF broadcast signals received through an antenna and convert them into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal. .
  • the demodulator 4220 receives and demodulates the digital IF signal DIF converted by the tuner 4210. For example, when the digital IF signal output from the tuner 4210 is an ATSC method, the demodulator 4220 performs 8-vestigal side band (8-VSB) demodulation, for example. Also, the demodulator 4220 may perform channel decoding. To this end, the demodulator 4220 includes a trellis decoder, a de-interleaver, a Reed-Solomon decoder, and the like, trellis decoding, deinterleaving, and Reed Soloman decoding can be performed.
  • 8-VSB 8-vestigal side band
  • the demodulator 4220 when the digital IF signal output from the tuner 4210 is a DVB method, the demodulator 4220 performs, for example, coded orthogonal frequency division modulation (COFDMA) demodulation. Also, the demodulator 4220 may perform channel decoding. To this end, the demodulator 4220 may include a convolution decoder, a deinterleaver, and a lead-soloman decoder, and perform convolution decoding, deinterleaving, and read soloman decoding.
  • COFDMA coded orthogonal frequency division modulation
  • the demodulator 4220 may output a stream signal TS after demodulation and channel decoding.
  • the stream signal may be a signal in which a video signal, an audio signal or a data signal is multiplexed.
  • the stream signal may be an MPEG-2 transport stream (TS) in which an MPEG-2 standard video signal and a Dolby AC-3 standard audio signal are multiplexed.
  • the MPEG-2 TS may include a header of 4 bytes and a payload of 184 bytes.
  • the above-described demodulator 4220 can be provided separately according to the ATSC method and the DVB method. That is, the digital device may separately include an ATSC demodulator and a DVB demodulator.
  • the stream signal output from the demodulator 4220 may be input to the controller 4270.
  • the control unit 4270 may control demultiplexing, image/audio signal processing, and the like, and control an image output through the display unit 4280 and an audio output unit through the audio output unit 4285.
  • the external device interface unit 4235 provides an environment in which various external devices are interfaced to the digital device 4200.
  • the external device interface unit 4235 may include an A/V input/output unit (not shown) or a wireless communication unit (not shown).
  • the external device interface unit 4235 includes digital versatile disk (DVD), blu-ray, game device, camera, camcorder, computer (laptop, tablet), smart phone, Bluetooth device, and cloud It can be connected to external devices such as (cloud) and wired/wirelessly.
  • the external device interface unit 4235 transmits a video, audio or data (including image) signal input from the outside through the connected external device to the controller 4270 of the digital device.
  • the controller 4270 may control the processed video, audio, or data signal to be output to a connected external device.
  • the external device interface unit 4235 may further include an A/V input/output unit (not shown) or a wireless communication unit (not shown).
  • A/V input/output unit USB terminal, CVBS (composite video banking sync) terminal, component terminal, S-video terminal (analog), DVI ( digital visual interface (HDMI) terminal, a high definition multime-dia interface (HDMI) terminal, an RGB terminal, and a D-SUB terminal.
  • CVBS composite video banking sync
  • component terminal S-video terminal (analog)
  • DVI digital visual interface (HDMI) terminal
  • HDMI high definition multime-dia interface
  • RGB terminal a D-SUB terminal.
  • the wireless communication unit may perform short-range wireless communication with other electronic devices.
  • the digital device 4200 includes, for example, Bluetooth, radio frequency identification (RFID), infrared data association (IrDA), ultra wideband (UWB), ZigBee, digital living network alliance (DLNA). Networks may be connected to other electronic devices according to a communication protocol.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • IrDA infrared data association
  • UWB ultra wideband
  • ZigBee wireless living network alliance
  • DLNA digital living network alliance
  • the external device interface 4235 may be connected to at least one of various set-top boxes and various terminals described above, and perform input/output operations with the set-top box.
  • the external device interface unit 4235 may receive an application or a list of applications in an adjacent external device and transmit it to the control unit 4270 or the storage unit 4240.
  • the network interface unit 4230 provides an interface for connecting the digital device 4200 with a wired/wireless network including an Internet network.
  • the network interface unit 4230 may include, for example, an Ethernet terminal or the like for connection with a wired network, and for example, a wireless LAN (WLAN) (Wi-) for connection with a wireless network.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • Wi- wireless broadband
  • Wimax world interoperability for microwave access
  • HSDPA high speed downlink packet access
  • the network interface unit 4230 may transmit or receive data with other users or other digital devices through a connected network or another network linked to the connected network.
  • some content data stored in the digital device 4200 may be transmitted to another user registered in advance in the digital device 4200 or to a selected user or selected digital device among other digital devices.
  • the network interface unit 4230 may access a predetermined web page through a connected network or another network linked to the connected network. That is, it is possible to connect to a predetermined web page through a network and transmit or receive data with the corresponding server.
  • content or data provided by a content provider or a network operator may be received. That is, it is possible to receive content such as a movie, advertisement, game, VOD, broadcast signal and related information provided by a content provider or a network provider through a network.
  • the network interface unit 4230 may select and receive a desired application from among applications that are open to the public through a network.
  • the storage unit 4240 may store programs for processing and controlling each signal in the controller 4270, and may store signal-processed video, audio, or data signals.
  • the storage unit 4240 may perform a function for temporarily storing an image, audio, or data signal input from the external device interface unit 4235 or the network interface unit 4230.
  • the storage unit 4240 may store information regarding a predetermined broadcast channel through a channel memory function.
  • the storage unit 4240 may store an application or a list of applications input from the external device interface unit 4235 or the network interface unit 4230.
  • the storage unit 4240 may store various platforms, which will be described later.
  • the storage unit 4240 may be, for example, a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a multimedia card micro type, or a card type memory (for example, SD or XD). Memory, etc.), RAM (RAM), and ROM (EEPROM, etc.).
  • the digital device 4200 may play and provide content files (video files, still image files, music files, document files, application files, etc.) stored in the storage unit 4240 to the user.
  • the storage unit 4240 is provided separately from the control unit 4270, the scope of the present specification is not limited thereto. That is, the storage unit 4240 may be included in the control unit 4270.
  • the user input interface unit 4250 transmits a signal input by the user to the control unit 4270 or a signal from the control unit 4270 to the user.
  • the user input interface unit 4250 controls power on/off, channel selection, screen setting, etc. from the remote control device 4200 according to various communication methods such as an RF communication method and an infrared (IR) communication method.
  • the signal may be received and processed or the control signal of the control unit 4270 may be transmitted to the remote control device 4200.
  • the user input interface unit 4250 may transmit a control signal input from a local key (not shown) such as a power key, a channel key, a volume key, and a set value to the control unit 4270.
  • a local key such as a power key, a channel key, a volume key, and a set value
  • the user input interface unit 4250 transmits a control signal input from a sensing unit (not shown) that senses a user's gesture to the control unit 4270 or senses a signal from the control unit 4270 (Not shown).
  • the sensing unit may include a touch sensor, a voice sensor, a position sensor, and a motion sensor.
  • the controller 4270 de-multiplexes the stream input through the tuner 4210, the demodulator 4220, or the external device interface 4235 or processes the demultiplexed signals to generate a signal for video or audio output. And output.
  • the control unit 4270 may include the aforementioned encoding device and/or decoding device.
  • the image signal processed by the control unit 4270 may be input to the display unit 4280 and displayed as an image corresponding to the corresponding image signal.
  • the image signal processed by the control unit 4270 may be input to an external output device through the external device interface unit 4235.
  • the audio signal processed by the control unit 4270 may be audio output to the audio output unit 4285. Also, the audio signal processed by the control unit 4270 may be input to an external output device through the external device interface unit 4235.
  • control unit 4270 may include a demultiplexing unit, an image processing unit, and the like.
  • the control unit 4270 may control the overall operation of the digital device 4200.
  • the control unit 4270 may control the tuner 4210 to tune an RF broadcast corresponding to a channel selected by a user or a pre-stored channel.
  • the control unit 4270 may control the digital device 4200 by a user command input through the user input interface unit 4250 or an internal program. In particular, it is possible to access a network so that a user can download a desired application or application list into the digital device 4200.
  • control unit 4270 controls the tuner 4210 to input a signal of a selected channel according to a predetermined channel selection command received through the user input interface unit 4250. And it processes the video, audio or data signal of the selected channel.
  • the control unit 4270 allows the user to select the channel information selected by the user and output the processed image or audio signal through the display unit 4280 or the audio output unit 4285.
  • control unit 4270 may be input from an external device, for example, a camera or camcorder, input through the external device interface unit 4235 according to an external device image playback command received through the user input interface unit 4250.
  • the video signal or the audio signal can be output through the display unit 4280 or the audio output unit 4285.
  • control unit 4270 may control the display unit 4280 to display an image.
  • It can be controlled to be displayed on the display unit 4280.
  • the image displayed on the display unit 4280 may be a still image or a video, and may be a 2D video or a 3D video.
  • the controller 4270 may control to play content.
  • the content at this time may be content stored in the digital device 4200, received broadcast content, or external input content input from the outside.
  • the content may be at least one of a broadcast image, an external input image, an audio file, a still image, a connected web screen, and a document file.
  • the controller 4270 may control to display a list of applications or applications that can be downloaded from the digital device 4200 or from an external network.
  • the control unit 4270 may control to install and operate an application downloaded from an external network along with various user interfaces.
  • an image related to an application to be executed may be controlled to be displayed on the display unit 4280 by a user's selection.
  • a channel browsing processing unit for generating a thumbnail image corresponding to a channel signal or an external input signal is further provided.
  • the channel browsing processing unit receives a stream signal (TS) output from the demodulator 4220 or a stream signal output from the external device interface unit 4235, extracts an image from the input stream signal, and generates a thumbnail image.
  • TS stream signal
  • the generated thumbnail image can be input to the controller 4270 as it is or encoded.
  • the generated thumbnail image may be encoded in a stream form and input to the controller 4270.
  • the controller 4270 may display a list of thumbnails having a plurality of thumbnail images on the display unit 4280 using the input thumbnail images. Meanwhile, thumbnail images in the thumbnail list may be updated sequentially or simultaneously. Accordingly, the user can easily grasp the contents of a plurality of broadcast channels.
  • the display unit 4280 converts the image signal, the data signal, the OSD signal, or the image signal received from the external device interface unit 4235 processed by the control unit 4270 into R, G, and B signals, respectively. Generate a drive signal.
  • the display unit 4280 may be a PDP, LCD, OLED, flexible display, 3D display, or the like.
  • the display unit 4280 may be configured as a touch screen and used as an input device in addition to an output device.
  • the audio output unit 4285 receives a signal processed by the controller 4270, for example, a stereo signal, a 3.1 channel signal, or a 5.1 channel signal, and outputs the audio.
  • the audio output unit 4285 may be implemented as various types of speakers.
  • a sensing unit having at least one of a touch sensor, a voice sensor, a position sensor, and a motion sensor may be further provided in the digital device 4200. .
  • the signal detected by the sensing unit may be transmitted to the control unit 4270 through the user input interface unit 4250.
  • a photographing unit (not shown) for photographing a user may be further provided. Image information photographed by the photographing unit (not shown) may be input to the control unit 4270.
  • the controller 4270 may detect a user's gesture by individually or in combination with an image captured by the photographing unit (not shown) or a signal detected from the sensing unit (not shown).
  • the power supply unit 4290 supplies corresponding power throughout the digital device 4200.
  • a power supply may be supplied to a control unit 4270 that may be implemented in the form of a system on chip (SOC), a display unit 4280 for image display, and an audio output unit 4285 for audio output.
  • SOC system on chip
  • a display unit 4280 for image display
  • an audio output unit 4285 for audio output.
  • the power supply unit 4290 may include a converter (not shown) that converts AC power into DC power.
  • a PWM-operable inverter (not shown) may be further provided for driving luminance or dimming. have.
  • the remote control device 4200 transmits a user input to the user input interface unit 4250.
  • the remote control device 4200 Bluetooth (bluetooth), RF (radio frequency) communication, infrared (IR) communication, UWB (Ultra Wideband), ZigBee (ZigBee) method can be used.
  • the remote control device 4200 may receive an image, audio or data signal output from the user input interface unit 4250, display it on the remote control device 4200, or output voice or vibration.
  • the digital device 4200 described above may be a digital broadcast receiver capable of processing a fixed or mobile ATSC or DVB digital broadcast signal.
  • the digital device may omit some components or further include components not illustrated, as necessary.
  • the digital device does not have a tuner and a demodulator, and may receive and play content through a network interface unit or an external device interface unit.
  • FIG. 43 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of the control unit of FIGS. 40 to 42 to illustrate an embodiment.
  • control unit examples include a voice processing unit and a data processing unit.
  • the demultiplexing unit 4310 demultiplexes the input stream.
  • the demultiplexer 4310 may demultiplex the input MPEG-2 TS video, audio, and data signals.
  • the stream signal input to the demultiplexer 4310 may be a stream signal output from a tuner or demodulator or an external device interface.
  • the image processing unit 4320 performs image processing of a demultiplexed video signal.
  • the image processing unit 4320 may include an image decoder 4325 and a scaler 4355.
  • the video decoder 4325 decodes the demultiplexed video signal, and the scaler 4355 scales the resolution of the decoded video signal to be output from the display unit.
  • the video decoder 4325 may support various standards.
  • the video decoder 4325 performs the function of the MPEG-2 decoder when the video signal is encoded in the MPEG-2 standard, and the video signal is encoded in the digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) method or the H.264 standard.
  • DMB digital multimedia broadcasting
  • H.264 the function of the H.264 decoder can be performed.
  • the video signal decoded by the video processing unit 4320 is input to the mixer 4350.
  • the OSD generation unit 4340 generates OSD data according to a user input or by itself. For example, the OSD generating unit 4340 generates data for displaying various data on a screen of the display unit 4180 in a graphic or text form based on a control signal of the user input interface unit.
  • the generated OSD data includes various data such as a user interface screen of a digital device, various menu screens, widgets, icons, and viewing rate information.
  • the OSD generator 4340 may generate data for displaying subtitles of broadcast images or broadcast information based on EPG.
  • the mixer 4350 mixes the OSD data generated by the OSD generator 4340 and the image signal processed by the image processor to provide the formatter 4360. Because the decoded video signal and the OSD data are mixed, the OSD is displayed overlaid on a broadcast video or an external input video.
  • a frame rate converter (FRC) 4355 converts a frame rate of an input video.
  • the frame rate converter 4355 may convert the frame rate of the input 60 Hz image to have a frame rate of, for example, 120 Hz or 240 Hz according to the output frequency of the display unit.
  • various methods may exist in the method for converting the frame rate. For example, when the frame rate converter 4355 converts the frame rate from 60 Hz to 120 Hz, the same first frame is inserted between the first frame and the second frame, or the first frame and the second frame are predicted from the first frame. It can be converted by inserting 3 frames.
  • the frame rate converter 4355 converts the frame rate from 60 Hz to 240 Hz, three or more identical frames or predicted frames may be inserted and converted between existing frames. Meanwhile, when a separate frame conversion is not performed, the frame rate conversion unit 4355 may be bypassed.
  • the formatter 4360 changes the output of the input frame rate conversion unit 4355 to match the output format of the display unit.
  • the formatter 4360 may output R, G, and B data signals, and these R, G, and B data signals may be output as low voltage differential signaling (LVDS) or mini-LVDS. Can be.
  • the formatter 4360 may configure and output a 3D format according to the output format of the display unit, thereby supporting 3D service through the display unit.
  • the voice processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may perform voice processing of the demultiplexed voice signal.
  • the voice processing unit (not shown) may support various audio formats. For example, even when an audio signal is encoded in formats such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, AAC, HE-AAC, AC-3, BSAC, a decoder corresponding thereto may be provided and processed.
  • the voice processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may process a base, treble, volume control, and the like.
  • the data processing unit (not shown) in the control unit may perform data processing of the demultiplexed data signal.
  • the data processing unit can decode the demultiplexed data signal even when it is encoded.
  • the encoded data signal may be EPG information including broadcast information such as a start time and an end time of a broadcast program broadcast on each channel.
  • each component may be integrated, added, or omitted according to specifications of a digital device that is actually implemented. That is, if necessary, two or more components may be combined into one component, or one component may be subdivided into two or more components.
  • the function performed in each block is for describing an embodiment of the present specification, and the specific operation or device does not limit the scope of rights of the present specification.
  • the digital device may be an image signal processing device that performs signal processing of an image stored in the device or an input image.
  • the set-top box STB
  • the display unit 6430 and the audio output unit 6535 shown in FIG. 65 are excluded
  • the above-described DVD player, Blu-ray player, game device, and computer And the like can be further exemplified.
  • 44 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a screen of a digital device displays a main image and a sub image simultaneously according to an embodiment.
  • the digital device may simultaneously display the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 on the screen 4400.
  • the main image 4410 may be called a first image
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be called a second image.
  • the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 may include a video, a still image, an electronic program guide (EPG), a graphical user in-terface (GUI), an on-screen display (OSD), and the like. Does not.
  • the main image 4410 may mean an image that is relatively smaller in size than the screen 4400 of the electronic device while being simultaneously displayed with the auxiliary image 4420 on the screen 4400 of the electronic device, as a picture in picture (PIP). Also referred to as.
  • PIP picture in picture
  • the main image 4410 is displayed on the upper left of the screen 4400 of the digital device, but the location where the main image 4410 is displayed is not limited thereto, and the main image 4410 is a digital device. Can be displayed at any location within the screen 4400.
  • the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 may be directly or indirectly related to each other.
  • the main image 4410 may be a streaming video
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be a GUI that sequentially displays thumbnails of videos including information similar to the streaming video.
  • the main image 4410 may be a broadcasted image
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be an EPG.
  • the main image 4410 may be a broadcast image
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be a GUI. Examples of the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 are not limited thereto.
  • the main image 4410 is a broadcast image received through a broadcasting channel
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be information related to a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel.
  • the information related to the broadcast video received through the broadcast channel may include, for example, EPG information including a comprehensive channel schedule, broadcast program detailed information, and broadcast program review information, but is not limited thereto.
  • the main image 4410 is a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be an image generated based on information pre-stored in a digital device.
  • the image generated based on the information pre-stored in the digital device may include, for example, a basic user interface (UI) of the EPG, basic channel information, a video resolution manipulation UI, and a bedtime reservation UI. Does not work.
  • UI basic user interface
  • the main image 4410 is a broadcast image received through a broadcast channel
  • the auxiliary image 4420 may be information related to a broadcast image received through a network.
  • the information related to the broadcast image received through the network may be, for example, information obtained through a network-based search engine. More specifically, for example, information related to a character currently being displayed on the main image 4410 may be obtained through a network-based search engine.
  • information related to a broadcast image received through a network may be obtained by using, for example, an artificial intelligence (AI) system.
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • an estimated-location in map of a place currently being displayed on the main image 4410 may be obtained by using network-based deep-learning, and digital The device may receive information about the estimated location on the map of the place currently being displayed on the main image 4410 through the network.
  • the digital device may receive at least one of image information of the main image 4410 and image information of the auxiliary image 4420 from the outside.
  • the video information of the main video 4410 includes, for example, a broadcast signal received through a broadcasting channel, a source code information of the main video 4410, and a main received through a network network.
  • IP packet (internet protocol packet) information of the image 4410 may be included, but is not limited thereto.
  • the video information of the secondary video 4420 includes, for example, broadcast signals received through a broadcast channel, source code information of the secondary video 4420, IP packet information of the secondary video 4420 received through a network, and the like. It may include, but is not limited to.
  • the digital device may decode and use the video information of the main video 4410 received from the outside or the video information of the auxiliary video 4420. However, in some cases, the digital device may store image information of the main image 4410 or image information of the auxiliary image 4420 internally.
  • the digital device may display the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 on the screen 4400 of the digital device based on the image information of the main image 4410 and information related to the auxiliary image 4420.
  • the decoding apparatus 200 of the digital device includes a main image decoding apparatus and an auxiliary image decoding apparatus, and the main image decoding apparatus and the auxiliary image decoding apparatus respectively include image information of the main image 4410 and auxiliary image 4420 ) Can decode video information.
  • the renderer includes a main image renderer (first renderer) and an auxiliary image renderer (second renderer), and the main image renderer displays the main image 4410 on the screen 4400 of the digital device based on the information decoded by the main image decoding device. ), and the auxiliary image renderer may display the auxiliary image 4420 on the second area of the screen 4400 of the digital device based on the information decoded by the auxiliary image decoding device. .
  • the decoding apparatus 200 of a digital device may decode image information of the main image 4410 and image information of the auxiliary image 4420. Based on the information decoded by the decoding apparatus 200, the renderer may process the main image 4410 and the auxiliary image 4420 together to be simultaneously displayed on the screen 4400 of the digital device.
  • the decoding of the first image may follow the decoding procedure in the decoding apparatus 200 according to FIG. 3 described above.
  • decoding the first image may include deriving prediction samples for the current block based on inter or intra prediction, and residual samples for the current block based on the received residual information. And generating reconstructed samples based on predictive samples and/or residual samples.
  • decoding the first image may include performing an in-loop filtering procedure on a reconstructed picture including reconstructed samples.
  • the auxiliary image may be an electronic program guide (EPG), an on screen display (OSD), or a graphical user interface (GUI).
  • EPG electronic program guide
  • OSD on screen display
  • GUI graphical user interface
  • the video information may be received through a broadcast network, and information regarding the auxiliary video may be received through the broadcast network.
  • the image information may be received through a communication network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be received through the communication network.
  • the image information may be received through a broadcast network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be received through a communication network.
  • the image information may be received through a broadcasting network or a communication network, and information regarding the auxiliary image may be stored in a storage medium in the digital device.
  • Embodiments according to the present invention can be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
  • one embodiment of the invention includes one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), FPGAs ( field programmable gate arrays), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPDs digital signal processing devices
  • PLDs programmable logic devices
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, and the like.
  • an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, procedure, function, etc. that performs the functions or operations described above.
  • the software code can be stored in memory and driven by a processor.
  • the memory is located inside or outside the processor, and can exchange data with the processor by various means already known.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement de signaux vidéo et un dispositif associé. Spécifiquement, un procédé de traitement de signaux vidéo sur la base d'une prédiction inter peut comprendre les étapes consistant à: construire une liste de candidats de fusion sur la base de blocs spatialement et temporellement voisins d'un bloc courant; ajouter, à la liste de candidats de fusion, un candidat de fusion basé sur l'historique qui est basé sur un historique du bloc courant; acquérir, dans la liste de candidats de fusion, un indice de fusion indiquant un candidat de fusion à utiliser dans la prédiction inter pour le bloc courant; générer un échantillon de prédiction pour le bloc courant sur la base d'informations de mouvement du candidat de fusion indiqué par l'indice de fusion; et mettre à jour la liste de candidats de fusion basée sur l'historique sur la base des informations de mouvement, de sorte que lorsque les informations de mouvement ne chevauchant pas celles qu'un candidat de fusion défini préalablement parmi les candidats de fusion inclus dans la liste de candidats de fusion, le candidat de fusion basé sur l'historique peut être ajouté à la liste de candidats de fusion.
PCT/KR2020/000072 2019-01-01 2020-01-02 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de signal vidéo sur la base d'une prédiction de vecteur de mouvement basé sur l'historique WO2020141915A1 (fr)

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