WO2020140381A1 - 一种多引射管式火片 - Google Patents

一种多引射管式火片 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020140381A1
WO2020140381A1 PCT/CN2019/089526 CN2019089526W WO2020140381A1 WO 2020140381 A1 WO2020140381 A1 WO 2020140381A1 CN 2019089526 W CN2019089526 W CN 2019089526W WO 2020140381 A1 WO2020140381 A1 WO 2020140381A1
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gas flow
fire
gas
tube
ejector
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PCT/CN2019/089526
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘维
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刘维
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Publication of WO2020140381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020140381A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/045—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with a plurality of burner bars assembled together, e.g. in a grid-like arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F23D14/64—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes with injectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire piece of a fire exhaust burner.
  • the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide mainly depends on the adequacy of the combustion of gas.
  • the full combustion of gas can effectively reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • the traditional single nozzle fire exhaust burner is difficult to ensure the accurate mixing ratio of oxygen and gas, so it is difficult to control the emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • high-precision electronic control systems are used to control gas and air to be pre-mixed at a full pre-mixed ratio. Mixed full premixed burner, natural combustion is sufficient, less chemical incomplete combustion loss, high thermal efficiency, nitrogen oxide emissions can be achieved ⁇ 30mg/ m3, carbon monoxide ⁇ 95mg/m3, the emission completely meets the requirements.
  • the full premix burner can fully meet the air pollution emission standards of the new boiler in terms of energy saving and environmental protection, in order to ensure the stability of the full premix burn, it is necessary to accurately control the gas and air at the same time, which is extremely difficult High nonlinear control.
  • the proportion of gas and air is not allowed to be controlled. Two situations will occur: if the premixed air is insufficient and there is no secondary air supply, it is anoxic combustion, and carbon monoxide emissions will increase significantly This is one of the reasons why most fully premixed boilers currently have poor energy-saving effects in actual use: if there is too much premixed air, it is over-premixed and it is prone to deflagration during ignition.
  • the gas passage 11 of the existing flame is limited to the space occupied by the installation hole 20 for installing a water-cooled pipe, which is generally “L” shaped, irregular in shape, and has a small number of ejector pipes.
  • This will hinder the air flow in the ejector tube, which will affect the ejection ability, it is difficult to improve the air-fuel ratio, and it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the gas and air mixture at the fire hole 121, resulting in uneven flames, which leads to local gas Insufficient combustion makes it difficult to reduce the emissions of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • a multi-injection tube type fire piece includes a fire piece body, a top of the fire piece body has a combustion part, and a fire hole is arranged on the combustion part, characterized in that the fire piece body has a leftward direction
  • the gas flow channel includes an injection tube and a gas chamber located above the injection tube and communicating with the injection tube.
  • the gas flow channel is about its vertical center. The plane is symmetrical.
  • the gas chamber expands gradually from bottom to top.
  • the tops of two adjacent gas flow channels are close to or close to each other.
  • the main body of the flame piece is provided with the gas flow channel corresponding to each combustion part with a length of 40 mm to 60 mm.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the present invention, since the gas flow channels are evenly distributed, and the gas flow channels are bilaterally symmetrical, the obstruction of the gas flow channels to the air flow can be effectively reduced, the ejection ability can be improved, and the air-fuel ratio can be improved. And can effectively improve the uniform flow effect of the fire piece, improve the uniformity of the flame, ensure sufficient combustion, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.
  • a multi-injector-type fire piece includes a fire piece main body 10, a top of the fire piece main body 10 has a burning portion 12, and a fire hole 121 is provided on the burning portion 12, which is characterized in that the fire piece
  • the main body 10 has a plurality of vertical gas flow channels 11 uniformly distributed from left to right.
  • the gas flow channel 11 includes an ejector tube and a gas chamber 113 located above and in communication with the ejector tube.
  • the gas flow channel 11 It is symmetrical about its vertical center plane.
  • the obstruction of the gas flow channels 11 to the air flow can be effectively reduced, the ejection ability can be improved, and the air-fuel ratio can be improved, which can be effectively Improve the uniform flow effect of the fire piece, improve the uniformity of the flame, ensure the full combustion, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • the gas chamber 113 is gradually expanded from bottom to top. Using the gas chamber 113 can decelerate the mixed gas of gas and air, and make the gas and air turbulent and fully mixed, which is conducive to ensuring the uniformity of the flame and the sufficient gas. Combustion to reduce nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide emissions.
  • the tops of two adjacent gas flow channels 11 are close to or close to each other, so that the coverage space of the gas flow channels 11 can be increased as much as possible, and the uniformity of the mixing of gas and air can be improved.
  • the distance between the top left end of the leftmost gas flow passage 11 and the top right end of the rightmost gas flow passage 11 is equal to or greater than the left and right lengths of the combustion section 12, that is, the top surface of each gas flow passage 11 is completely covered
  • Each fire hole 121 can fully ensure the uniformity of the mixed gas flowing out of the fire hole 121, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the flame and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • the flare body 10 is provided with a gas flow channel 11 corresponding to each combustion section 12 of 40 mm to 60 mm in length, which can effectively increase the air-fuel ratio, ensure sufficient combustion of the gas, and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide.
  • the length of the combustion part 12 on the fire piece is 160 mm, which is one of the common specifications of the existing fire exhaust burners.
  • Corresponding ones can be provided with three or four gas flow channels 11, another type of fire exhaust burner
  • a common specification is that the length of the combustion section 12 is 340 mm, and correspondingly, six to eight gas flow channels 11 may be provided.
  • the gas flow channel 11 is enclosed by the two sides of the flare body 10.
  • the gas flow channel 11 can also be separately formed and then installed on the flare body 10, which is not limited to this. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

一种多引射管式火片，包括火片主体(10)，火片主体(10)的顶部具有燃烧部(12)，燃烧部(12)上设置有火孔(121)，火片主体(10)上具有自左向右均匀分布的若干竖向的引射管，各引射管关于其竖向中心面左右对称。该多引射管式火片能够提高火焰的均匀度，保证燃烧的充分，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放量。

Description

一种多引射管式火片
技术领域
本发明涉及火排燃烧器的火片。
背景技术
火排燃烧器通常应用在模块炉、壁挂炉、热水器、蒸汽发生器等供暖、供热水、供蒸汽的装置上，通常包括底座和若干并列设置在底座上的火片，底座上设置与火片对齐的燃气喷嘴，火片上相应设置有燃气流道，燃气流道通常包括引射管和位于引射管上方的燃气室，燃气喷嘴向火片的燃气流道内喷射燃气，在此过程中能够带动周围的空气进入燃气通道与燃气混合，之后混合气体从火片的火孔排出而进行燃烧。
近年来，由于环保问题越来越严峻，北京于2017年4月1日正式施行最严格的锅炉氮氧化物排放标准，要求新建锅炉氮氧化物排放量在基准含氧量为3.5%的折算值＜30mg/m³、同时一氧化碳排放量折算值＜95 mg/m³，随后多个城市和地区陆续颁布并实施北京标准。燃烧器作为锅炉的主要供热设备，是锅炉大气污染排放的主要来源，选用更低氮氧化物排放量的燃烧器是降低锅炉大气污染排放的主要手段，最大限度的节约能源也是燃烧器的重要性能指标。
氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放量主要取决于燃气燃烧的充分与否，燃气充分燃烧则能够有效减少氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放。传统的单喷嘴火排燃烧器难以保证氧气与燃气的准确混合比例，因此难以控制氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放量，目前出现了通过高精密电子控制系统控制燃气和空气按全预混比例进行预混的全预混燃烧器，燃烧自然充分，化学不完全燃烧损失较少，热效率高，氮氧化物排放量能做到＜30mg/ m³，一氧化碳＜95mg/m³，排放量完全满足要求。尽管全预混燃烧器在节能、环保方面能完全满足新建锅炉的大气污染排放标准，但是为保证全预混燃烧的稳定性，就要同时对燃气和空气进行精准的比例控制，这是难度极高的非线性控制。全预混燃烧器在燃烧过程中，燃气和空气的比例控制不准会发生两种情况：如果预混空气不足，又没有二次空气补给，那就是缺氧燃烧，一氧化碳排放量将会大幅上升，这就是目前大多数全预混锅炉在实际的使用中节能效果不佳的原因之一：如果预混空气过量，那就是过预混，点火时容易爆燃。全预混燃烧的稳焰问题是另一个难题，采用机械方法加工的火孔结构很难稳定火焰，几乎全世界的全预混燃烧器都是采用耐高温的金属纤维编制网包裹火孔表面进行稳焰的，这种微孔稳焰的方法很有效，但是成本很高，且使用寿命短，是昂贵的易损件，为了防止金属纤维编制网堵塞影响燃烧，就必须对燃气严格过滤和空气滤清处理，这不仅增加了锅炉的运行成本，而且会影响到空燃比的稳定性。头部结构比较复杂和笨重以防止发生回火现象，在高压、高负荷时会有较大的噪音都是全预混燃烧器的缺点。
参照图1，现有的火片其燃气流道11受限于用于安装水冷管的安装孔20的占位，通常呈“L”字形，形状不规则，并且引射管的数量较少，由此会对引射管内的气流流动造成阻碍，进而影响引射能力，难以提高空燃比，也难以保证火孔121处燃气和空气的混合气体的均匀度，导致火焰不均，从而导致局部燃气燃烧不充分，难以降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放量。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种能够提高引射能力和火焰均匀度，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放量的多引射管式火片。
本发明为解决其技术问题而采用的技术方案是：
一种多引射管式火片，包括火片主体，所述火片主体的顶部具有燃烧部，所述燃烧部上设置有火孔，其特征在于：所述火片主体上具有自左向右均匀分布的若干竖向的燃气流道，所述的燃气流道包括引射管和位于引射管上方并与引射管相连通的燃气室，所述的燃气流道关于其竖向中心面左右对称。
优选的，所述的燃气室自下而上逐渐外扩。
优选的，所述的引射管包括自下而上依序连通的进气段和射流段，所述的进气段自上而下逐渐外扩。
优选的，所述的射流段呈竖向的直管状。
优选的，各两相邻燃气流道的顶部相贴近或紧靠在一起。
优选的，最左端燃气流道的顶部左端与最右端燃气流道的顶部右端之间的距离等于或大于所述燃烧部的左右长度。
优选的，所述火片主体上对应于每40mm至60mm长度的燃烧部设置有一所述的燃气流道。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明中，由于燃气流道均匀分布，并且各燃气流道左右对称，因此能够有效降低燃气流道对气流的阻碍，能够提高引射能力，有助于提高空燃比，并能够有效提高本火片的均流效果，提高火焰的均匀度，保证燃烧的充分，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放量。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是现有的火片的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的结构图；
图3是本发明的主视图。
具体实施方式
参照图2至图3，一种多引射管式火片，包括火片主体10，火片主体10的顶部具有燃烧部12，燃烧部12上设置有火孔121，其特征在于：火片主体10上具有自左向右均匀分布的若干竖向的燃气流道11，燃气流道11包括引射管和位于引射管上方并与引射管相连通的燃气室113，燃气流道11关于其竖向中心面左右对称。本发明中，由于燃气流道11均匀分布，并且各燃气流道11左右对称，因此能够有效降低燃气流道11对气流的阻碍，能够提高引射能力，有助于提高空燃比，并能够有效提高本火片的均流效果，提高火焰的均匀度，保证燃烧的充分，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放量。
燃气室113自下而上逐渐外扩，利用燃气室113能够对燃气和空气的混合气体进行减速，并使得燃气和空气能够出现扰流而充分混合，有利于保证火焰的均匀度和燃气的充分燃烧，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳排放量。
本实施例中，引射管包括自下而上依序连通的进气段111和射流段112，进气段111自上而下逐渐外扩，使得燃气喷嘴喷出的燃气能够更加顺利的进入到引射管中，并能够有效提高引射能力，促进空气朝引射管内流动，提高空燃比。
射流段112呈竖向的直管状，能够有效减小对气流的阻碍，减小流体阻力，使得燃气和空气能够快速的通过射流段112进入扩压段中，减小对进气段111气流的干扰，进一步提高空燃比。
本发明中，各两相邻燃气流道11的顶部相贴近或紧靠在一起，这样能够尽可能的增大燃气流道11的覆盖空间，提高燃气与空气混合的均匀度。本实施例中，最左端燃气流道11的顶部左端与最右端燃气流道11的顶部右端之间的距离等于或大于燃烧部12的左右长度，即使得各燃气流道11的顶面完全覆盖各火孔121，能够充分保证自火孔121流出的混合气体的均匀度，由此保证火焰的均匀度，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放量。
火片主体10上对应于每40mm至60mm长度的燃烧部12设置有一燃气流道11，这样能够有效增大空燃比，保证燃气的充分燃烧，降低氮氧化物和一氧化碳的排放量。本实施例中，火片上燃烧部12的长度为160mm，这是现有火排燃烧器的常用规格之一，对应的可设置三个或四个燃气流道11，火排燃烧器另一种常见规格为燃烧部12长度340mm，相应的可设置六个至八个燃气流道11。
本实施例中，燃气流道11由火片主体10的两侧板扣合围成，当然，实际应用中，燃气流道11也可单独成型再安装在火片主体10上，并不局限于此。
以上所述仅为本发明的优先实施方式，只要以基本相同手段实现本发明目的的技术方案都属于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种多引射管式火片，包括火片主体（10），所述火片主体（10）的顶部具有燃烧部（12），所述燃烧部（12）上设置有火孔（121），其特征在于：所述火片主体（10）上具有自左向右均匀分布的若干竖向的燃气流道（11），所述的燃气流道（11）包括引射管和位于引射管上方并与引射管相连通的燃气室（113），所述的燃气流道（11）关于其竖向中心面左右对称。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：所述的燃气室（113）自下而上逐渐外扩。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：所述的引射管包括自下而上依序连通的进气段（111）和射流段（112），所述的进气段（111）自上而下逐渐外扩。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：所述的射流段（112）呈竖向的直管状。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：各两相邻燃气流道（11）的顶部相贴近或紧靠在一起。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：最左端燃气流道（11）的顶部左端与最右端燃气流道（11）的顶部右端之间的距离等于或大于所述燃烧部（12）的左右长度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种多引射管式火片，其特征在于：所述火片主体（10）上对应于每40mm至60mm长度的燃烧部（12）设置有一所述的燃气流道（11）。
PCT/CN2019/089526 2019-01-02 2019-05-31 一种多引射管式火片 WO2020140381A1 (zh)

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