WO2020135537A1 - Antenne mimo et station de base - Google Patents

Antenne mimo et station de base Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020135537A1
WO2020135537A1 PCT/CN2019/128477 CN2019128477W WO2020135537A1 WO 2020135537 A1 WO2020135537 A1 WO 2020135537A1 CN 2019128477 W CN2019128477 W CN 2019128477W WO 2020135537 A1 WO2020135537 A1 WO 2020135537A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
section
bracket
radiation arm
arm
coupling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/128477
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邸允会
肖伟宏
谢国庆
何鑫
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020135537A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020135537A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of mobile communications, and in particular to a multiple-input multiple-output antenna and a base station using the multiple-input multiple-output antenna.
  • MIMO antennas use multiple transmit antennas and multiple receive antennas at their transmit and receive ends, respectively, so that signals are transmitted and received through multiple antennas at the transmit and receive ends To improve communication quality. It can make full use of space resources, achieve multiple transmissions and multiple receptions through multiple antennas, and can increase the system channel capacity exponentially without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, showing obvious advantages, and is regarded as 5G mobile communication Core technology.
  • the number of units with multiple input multiple output antennas is large, resulting in a huge overall volume of the multiple input multiple output antennas.
  • the spacing between the units of the same frequency is getting smaller and smaller, resulting in stronger and stronger coupling between the units of the same frequency and the deterioration of the electrical specifications of the units.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a high isolation multiple input multiple output antenna and a base station using the multiple input multiple output antenna.
  • the present application provides a multiple input multiple output antenna.
  • the multi-input multi-output antenna includes a reflector, a first antenna unit, a second antenna unit, and a first decoupling connection.
  • the first antenna unit includes a first bracket erected on the reflection plate and a first radiating arm located on the first bracket.
  • the second antenna unit includes a second bracket erected on the reflection plate and a second radiating arm located on the second bracket.
  • the first bracket and the second bracket are adjacent to and spaced apart from each other.
  • the polarization direction of the first radiation arm is the same as the polarization direction of the second radiation arm.
  • the first decoupling line includes a first coupling section, a first transmission section, a first connection section, a second transmission section, and a second coupling section.
  • the first connecting section is located on the reflecting plate.
  • the first coupling section is located on the first bracket and is coupled with the first radiation arm.
  • the first transmission section is located on the first bracket and connected between the first coupling section and one end of the first connection section.
  • the second coupling section is located on the second bracket and is coupled with the second radiation arm.
  • the second transmission section is located on the second bracket and connected between the second coupling section and the other end of the first connection section.
  • the first coupling section of the first decoupling line can couple a part of the current from the first radiation arm, and this part of the current sequentially passes through the first transmission section and the first connection
  • the segment and the second transmission segment are transmitted to the second coupling segment, and are coupled to the second radiation arm via the second coupling segment. That is, the first decoupling wire forms a current loop between the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, so as to communicate with the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.
  • the spatially coupled currents cancel each other, thereby weakening the coupling between the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, and improving the isolation between the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm, so that the adjacent The isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is high, and the multiple-input multiple-output antenna has high isolation.
  • the distance between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit may be small, For example, the center distance between the two may be less than one-half wavelength. Therefore, the multi-input multi-output antenna can achieve a compact arrangement and maintain high isolation.
  • the first radiation arm and the reflection plate are located on different planes, and the second radiation arm and the reflection plate are located on different planes. Since the first coupling section is provided on the first bracket along with the first radiation arm, the first transmission section is also provided on the first bracket to connect the first coupling section and the A first connection section on the reflection plate, the second coupling section is provided on the second bracket along with the second radiation arm, and the second transmission section is also provided on the second bracket to connect the The second coupling section and the first connection end located on the reflection plate, so the first decoupling line can establish a transmission path of the body through the first bracket, the reflection plate and the second bracket, Therefore, the current is smoothly transmitted in the three-dimensional space to solve the mutual coupling interference problem of the non-planar unit.
  • the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm may be low frequency vibrators or high frequency vibrators.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not strictly limit the radiation frequency bands of the first radiation arm and the second radiation arm.
  • the first decoupling wire further includes a ground segment.
  • the ground segment is located on the reflective plate. One end of the ground segment is connected to the first connection segment. The other end of the grounding section is grounded.
  • the ground segment can be used to adjust the signal transmission phase to increase the decoupling bandwidth.
  • the first decoupling line further includes an open circuit segment.
  • the open section is located on the reflective plate. One end of the open circuit section is connected to the first connection section. The other end of the open section is suspended.
  • the open circuit segment can be used to adjust the signal transmission phase to increase the decoupling bandwidth.
  • the ground segment and the open circuit segment can be used alone or in combination.
  • the number of the ground segments may be one or more. When there are multiple ground segments, the multiple ground segments are connected to different positions of the first connecting segment.
  • the number of the open circuit segments may be one or more. When there are multiple open sections, the multiple open sections are connected to different positions of the first connection section.
  • the first coupling section and the first radiation arm are located on opposite sides of the first support. At this time, the first coupling segment and the first radiation arm are stacked on both sides of the first support, and the two can form a coupling in the thickness direction of the first radiation arm.
  • first coupling section and the first radiation arm are located on the same side of the first bracket, and the first coupling section and the first radiation arm are spaced apart from each other. At this time, the first coupling section and the first radiation arm can form a coupling in the plane direction of the first radiation arm.
  • the first coupling section may be located on the side of the first radiation arm near the reflection plate, or on the side of the first radiation arm away from the reflection plate.
  • the reflective plate is a conductive plate.
  • the conductive plate is grounded.
  • An insulating layer is provided between the first connection section and the reflective plate.
  • the reflecting plate can be made by processes such as sheet metal, die casting, and profile.
  • the reflective plate may be a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or a copper plate.
  • the reflective plate includes an insulating substrate and a conductive sheet located on the bottom side of the insulating substrate.
  • the reflective plate may be a circuit board structure.
  • the conductive sheet is grounded.
  • the conductive sheet may be a copper foil sheet.
  • the first bracket and the second bracket are fixed to the insulating substrate and located on the top side of the insulating substrate.
  • the first connection section is located on the top side of the insulating substrate.
  • the first connection section may be a waveguide transmission line.
  • the first connecting section is fixed to the reflecting plate by means of installation.
  • the first connection segment may also be a microstrip transmission line.
  • the first connecting section is integrally formed on the reflecting plate in the manufacturing process of the reflecting plate.
  • the first antenna unit further includes a first connecting arm.
  • the first connecting arm is located on the first bracket and one end is connected to the first radiating arm.
  • the other end of the first connecting arm is electrically connected to the ground of the reflecting plate.
  • the ground of the reflective plate refers to a portion where the reflective plate is grounded.
  • the ground of the reflective plate is the reflective plate.
  • the reflective plate includes an insulating base material and a grounded conductive sheet
  • the ground of the reflective plate is the conductive sheet.
  • the first radiation arm may also be suspended above the ground of the reflective plate.
  • the first transmission section may be a metal suspension wire. That is, the first transmission section may be suspended, and the signal transmitted in the first transmission section does not have a reference ground.
  • the second transmission section may also be a metal suspension line.
  • the first antenna unit further includes a third radiation arm.
  • the third radiation arm is located on the first bracket and is spaced apart from the first radiation arm.
  • the polarization direction of the third radiation arm is the same as the polarization direction of the first radiation arm, so as to form a dipole unit together with the first radiation arm.
  • the multiple input multiple output antenna further includes a third antenna unit and a second decoupling connection.
  • the third antenna unit includes a third bracket erected on the reflective plate and a fourth radiation arm located on the third bracket.
  • the third bracket is adjacent to the first bracket and spaced apart from each other.
  • the third bracket is located on a side of the first bracket away from the second bracket.
  • the third bracket, the first bracket, and the second bracket are arranged in sequence in substantially the same direction.
  • the polarization direction of the fourth radiation arm is the same as the polarization direction of the third radiation arm.
  • the second decoupling line includes a third coupling section, a third transmission section, a second connection section, a fourth transmission section, and a fourth coupling section.
  • the second connecting section is located on the reflecting plate.
  • the third coupling section is located on the first bracket and is coupled with the third radiation arm.
  • the third transmission section is located on the first bracket and connected between the third coupling section and one end of the second connection section.
  • the fourth coupling section is located on the third bracket and is coupled with the fourth radiation arm.
  • the fourth transmission section is located on the third bracket and connected between the fourth coupling section and the other end of the second connection section.
  • the first radiating arm and the third radiating arm of the first antenna unit together form a dipole unit, and both radiating arms of the dipole unit are connected by decoupling, It realizes decoupling between the radiating arms of adjacent antenna units to ensure that the dipole unit has higher isolation and better antenna performance.
  • the first bracket includes a first support plate and a second support plate perpendicular to the first support plate.
  • the first radiation arm is located on the first support plate.
  • the first antenna unit further includes a fifth radiation arm located on the second support plate. The polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm is opposite to the polarization direction of the first radiation arm to form a dual-polarized oscillator unit together with the first radiation arm.
  • the multiple input multiple output antenna further includes a fourth antenna unit and a third decoupling connection.
  • the fourth antenna unit includes a fourth bracket erected on the reflection plate and a sixth radiation arm located on the fourth bracket.
  • the fourth bracket is adjacent to the first bracket and spaced apart from each other.
  • the polarization direction of the sixth radiation arm is the same as the polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm.
  • the third decoupling line includes a fifth coupling section, a fifth transmission section, a third connection section, a sixth transmission section, and a sixth coupling section.
  • the third connecting section is located on the reflecting plate.
  • the fifth coupling section is located on the first bracket and is coupled with the fifth radiation arm.
  • the fifth transmission section is located on the first bracket and connected between the fifth coupling section and one end of the third connection section.
  • the sixth coupling section is located on the fourth bracket and is coupled with the sixth radiation arm.
  • the sixth transmission section is located on the fourth bracket and connected between the sixth coupling section and the other end of the third connection section.
  • the first antenna unit includes the first support plate and the second support plate perpendicular to each other, and the first radiating arm and the second support on the first support plate
  • the polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm on the board is opposite to form a dual-polarized oscillator unit, that is, the first antenna unit includes two antennas, and the isolation of the two antennas whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other High, so that the multi-input multi-output antenna can arrange more antennas without sacrificing volume, thereby having a larger channel capacity.
  • the fifth radiation arm is decoupled from the adjacent sixth radiation arm through the third decoupling line, the fifth radiation arm and the sixth radiation arm The coupling between them is weak, and the isolation between the two is high, so that the isolation between the adjacent first antenna unit and the fourth antenna unit is high, and the multiple input multiple output antenna has high isolation degree.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a base station (base station) including the multiple-input multiple-output antenna described in any one of the above. Because the multiple-input multiple-output antenna has high isolation and better performance, the base station can realize high-speed, high-quality signal transmission through the multiple-input multiple-output antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multiple input multiple output antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the multiple-input multiple-output antenna shown in FIG. 1 at another angle;
  • FIG. 3 is an equivalent physical model of the partial structure of the multiple input multiple output antenna shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a part of the structure of the reflective plate shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multiple input multiple output antenna 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a structure of the multiple input multiple output antenna 100 shown in FIG. 1 at another angle Schematic.
  • the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna 100 in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to a base station as a base station antenna.
  • MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
  • the multiple input multiple output antenna 100 includes a reflective plate 10 and a plurality of antenna elements. A plurality of antenna units are mounted on the reflection plate 10 and are spaced apart from each other. Multiple antenna elements may be arranged in a matrix.
  • the multiple antenna elements of the conventional multiple input multiple output antenna 100 are compactly arranged, coupling between adjacent antenna elements is likely to occur and result in turbulent phases of radiation, which is shown as a wave pit in the horizontal plane pattern and the downtilt angle of the vertical plane pattern is The deviation of the target angle deviation is large, and the measurement difference of the same polarization isolation.
  • each antenna unit includes a stand erected on the reflective plate 10 and a radiation arm located on the stand.
  • Multiple multiple output antennas also include multiple decoupling wires. Two polarization directions of two adjacent antenna elements are the same, and decoupling wires can be provided between two adjacent radiation arms. The two ends of the decoupling line are respectively coupled to the two radiating arms to form a current loop between the two radiating arms. The spatial coupling current between the current loop and the two radiating arms superimposes each other, thereby effectively reducing The coupling strength between the two radiating arms improves the isolation between the two antenna elements.
  • the antenna unit includes a dual-polarized oscillator and the oscillator is a dipole
  • the antenna unit may also include a single polarized vibrator.
  • the dipole form of the antenna unit may also be a monopole.
  • FIG. 3 is an equivalent physical model of a part of the structure of the multiple input multiple output antenna 100 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the multiple antenna elements include the first antenna element 21.
  • the first antenna unit 21 includes a first bracket 211 standing on the reflection plate 10 and a plurality of radiating arms located on the first bracket 211.
  • the first bracket 211 includes a first support plate 2111 and a second support plate 2112 perpendicular to the first support plate 2111.
  • the first support plate 2111 and the second support plate 2112 are both erected on the reflection plate 10.
  • the first support plate 2111 and the second support plate 2112 are arranged crosswise, and are substantially in the shape of a cross.
  • the first support plate 2111 and the second support plate 2112 may be formed into an integrated structure by assembly, or may be formed integrally.
  • the plurality of radiation arms of the first antenna unit 21 includes a first radiation arm 212, a third radiation arm 213, a fifth radiation arm 214, and a seventh radiation arm 215.
  • the first radiation arm 212 and the third radiation arm 213 are both located on the first support plate 2111, and the two are spaced apart from each other.
  • the polarization direction of the third radiation arm 213 is the same as the polarization direction of the first radiation arm 212 to form a dipole unit together with the first radiation arm 212.
  • the polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm 214 is opposite to the polarization direction of the first radiation arm 212 to form a dual-polarized oscillator unit together with the first radiation arm 212.
  • the fifth radiation arm 214 and the seventh radiation arm 215 are located on the second support plate 2112, and the two are spaced apart from each other.
  • the polarization direction of the seventh radiation arm 215 is the same as the polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm 214 to form a dipole unit together with the fifth radiation arm 214.
  • the two sets of dipole units of the first antenna unit 21 together form a dual-polarized oscillator unit.
  • the first antenna unit 21 includes a first support plate 2111 and a second support plate 2112 perpendicular to each other, the first radiation arm 212 on the first support plate 2111 and the fifth radiation on the second support plate 2112
  • the polarization directions of the arms 214 are reversed to form a dual-polarized vibrator unit, that is, the first antenna unit 21 includes two antennas, and the isolation of the two antennas whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other is high, resulting in multiple input and multiple output antennas 100 can arrange more antennas without sacrificing volume, so as to have greater channel capacity.
  • the plurality of antenna elements also includes a second antenna element 22.
  • the second antenna unit 22 includes a second bracket 221 erected on the reflective plate 10 and a plurality of radiating arms located on the second bracket 221.
  • the structural design of the second antenna unit 22 is the same as the first antenna unit 21.
  • the first bracket 211 and the second bracket 221 are adjacent to and spaced apart from each other.
  • the plurality of radiation arms of the second antenna unit 22 includes a second radiation arm 222.
  • the polarization direction of the first radiation arm 212 is the same as the polarization direction of the second radiation arm 222.
  • the second support 221 includes a support plate parallel to the first support plate 2111 of the first support 211, and the second radiation arm 222 is located at an end of the support plate close to the first support plate 2111.
  • the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222 are substantially parallel.
  • the plurality of decoupling lines includes the first decoupling line 31.
  • the first decoupling line 31 includes a first coupling section 311, a first transmission section 312, a first connection section 313, a second transmission section 314, and a second coupling section 315.
  • the first connection section 313 is located on the reflective plate 10.
  • the first connecting segments 313 are arranged substantially horizontally.
  • the first coupling section 311 is located on the first bracket 211 and coupled with the first radiation arm 212.
  • the first transmission section 312 is located on the first bracket 211 and is connected between the first coupling section 311 and one end of the first connection section 313.
  • the first transmission sections 312 are arranged substantially vertically.
  • the second coupling section 315 is located on the second bracket 221 and is coupled with the second radiation arm 222.
  • the second transmission section 314 is located on the second bracket 221 and connected between the second coupling section 315 and the other end of the first connection section 313.
  • the second transmission sections 314 are arranged substantially vertically.
  • the first coupling section 311, the first transmission section 312, the first connection section 313, the second transmission section 314, and the second coupling section 315 are sequentially connected.
  • the first coupling section 311 of the first decoupling line 31 can couple a part of the current from the first radiation arm 212, and this part of the current is transmitted through the first transmission section 312, the first connection section 313, and the second transmission in this order
  • the section 314 is transmitted to the second coupling section 315 and is coupled to the second radiation arm 222 via the second coupling section 315.
  • the first decoupling wire 31 forms a current loop between the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222, so that the currents that are spatially coupled between the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222 are mutually Superimposed cancellation, thereby weakening the coupling between the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222, improving the isolation between the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222, so that the adjacent first antenna unit 21 and the second
  • the isolation degree of the antenna unit 22 is high, and the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 has a high isolation degree, thereby improving the distortion of the S parameter (that is, the scattering parameter) and the directional pattern due to high-frequency coupling, and improving the antenna index. Since the multiple input multiple output antenna 100 has high isolation and better performance, the base station applying the multiple input multiple output antenna 100 can realize high-speed, high-quality signal transmission through the multiple input multiple output antenna 100.
  • the distance between the first antenna unit 21 and the second antenna unit 22 may be small, for example, the The center-to-center spacing can be less than one-half wavelength. Therefore, the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 can achieve a compact arrangement and maintain high isolation.
  • the first radiation arm 212 and the reflection plate 10 are located on different planes, and the second radiation arm 222 and the reflection plate 10 are located on different planes. Since the first coupling section 311 is disposed on the first bracket 211 along with the first radiation arm 212, the first transmission section 312 is also disposed on the first bracket 211 to connect the first coupling section 311 and the first connection on the reflective plate 10 Section 313, the second coupling section 315 is disposed on the second bracket 221 along with the second radiation arm 222, and the second transmission section 314 is also disposed on the second bracket 221 to connect the second coupling section 315 and the first coupling section 315 located on the reflector 10 A connecting end, so the first decoupling line 31 can establish the transmission path of the body through the first bracket 211, the reflective plate 10 and the second bracket 221, so as to smoothly transmit current in the three-dimensional space to solve the mutual non-planar unit The problem of coupling interference.
  • the radiation arm of the antenna unit in this application may be a low-frequency vibrator or a high-frequency vibrator.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not strictly limit the radiation frequency band of the radiation arm of the antenna unit.
  • the first radiation arm 212 and the second radiation arm 222 may be low-frequency vibrators or high-frequency vibrators.
  • the first decoupling wire further includes a ground segment 316.
  • the ground segment 316 is located on the reflective plate 10. One end of the ground segment 316 is connected to the first connection segment 313. The other end of the ground segment 316 is grounded. In this embodiment, the ground segment 316 can be used to adjust the signal transmission phase to increase the decoupling bandwidth.
  • the first decoupling line further includes an open section 317.
  • the open section 317 is located on the reflecting plate 10. One end of the open section 317 is connected to the first connection section 313. The other end of the open section 317 is suspended.
  • the open section 317 can be used to adjust the signal transmission phase to increase the decoupling bandwidth.
  • the grounding section 316 and the open section 317 can be used alone or in combination.
  • the number of ground segments 316 may be one or more. When there are multiple ground segments 316, the multiple ground segments 316 are connected to different positions of the first connection segment 313.
  • the number of open links 317 may be one or more. When there are multiple open sections 317, the multiple open sections 317 are connected to different positions of the first connection section 313.
  • the first coupling section 311 and the first radiation arm 212 are located on the same side of the first support plate 2111 of the first bracket 211, and the first coupling section 311 and the first radiation The arms 212 are spaced apart from each other. At this time, the first coupling section 311 and the first radiation arm 212 can form a coupling in the plane direction of the first radiation arm 212.
  • the first coupling section 311 may be located on the side of the first radiation arm 212 close to the reflective plate 10. In other embodiments, the first coupling section 311 may also be located on the side of the first radiation arm 212 away from the reflective plate 10.
  • the first coupling section 311 and the first radiation arm 212 are located on opposite sides of the first support plate 2111 of the first bracket 211. At this time, the first coupling section 311 and the first radiation arm 212 are stacked on both sides of the first bracket 211, and the two can form a coupling in the thickness direction of the first radiation arm 212.
  • the first transmission section 312 may be a metal suspension wire. That is, the first transmission section 312 may be suspended, and the signal transmitted in the first transmission section 312 has no reference ground.
  • the second transmission section 314 can also be a metal suspension line.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial structural diagram of the reflective plate 10 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the reflective plate 10 includes an insulating substrate 101 and a conductive sheet 102 located on the bottom side of the insulating substrate 101.
  • the reflective plate 10 may be a circuit board structure.
  • the conductive sheet 102 is grounded.
  • the conductive sheet 102 may be a copper foil sheet.
  • the first bracket 211 and the second bracket 221 are fixed to the insulating base 101 and located on the top side of the insulating base 101.
  • the first connection section 313 is located on the top side of the insulating substrate 101. At this time, the first connection section 313 may be integrated into the manufacturing process of the reflective plate 10 to simplify the manufacturing process and assembly process of the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 and reduce the cost of the multi-input multi-output antenna 100.
  • the reflective plate 10 is a conductive plate.
  • the conductive plate is grounded.
  • An insulating layer is provided between the first connection section 313 and the reflective plate 10.
  • the reflective plate 10 may be made by processes such as sheet metal, die casting, and profile.
  • the reflective plate 10 may be a metal plate such as an aluminum plate or a copper plate.
  • the first connection section 313 may be a waveguide transmission line.
  • the first connection section 313 is fixed to the reflection plate 10 by means of installation.
  • the first connection section 313 may also be a microstrip transmission line (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the first connecting section 313 is integrally formed on the reflective plate 10 in the manufacturing process of the reflective plate 10.
  • the first antenna unit 21 further includes a first connecting arm 216.
  • the first connecting arm 216 is located on the first bracket 211 and has one end connected to the first radiation arm 212.
  • the first connecting arm 216 is located on the first support plate 2111. The other end of the first connecting arm 216 is electrically connected to the ground of the reflective plate 10.
  • the ground of the reflective plate 10 refers to a portion where the reflective plate 10 is grounded.
  • the ground of the reflection plate 10 is the reflection plate 10.
  • the reflective plate 10 includes an insulating base 101 and a grounded conductive sheet 102
  • the ground of the reflective plate 10 is the conductive sheet 102.
  • the first radiation arm 212 may also be suspended above the ground of the reflective plate 10.
  • the multiple antenna units further include a third antenna unit 23.
  • the third antenna unit 23 includes a third bracket 231 standing on the reflective plate 10 and a plurality of radiating arms on the third bracket 231.
  • the structural design of the third antenna unit 23 is the same as the first antenna unit 21.
  • the third bracket 231 is adjacent to the first bracket 211 and spaced apart from each other.
  • the third bracket 231 is located on the side of the first bracket 211 away from the second bracket 221.
  • the third bracket 231, the first bracket 211, and the second bracket 221 are arranged in order in substantially the same direction.
  • the plurality of radiation arms of the third antenna unit 23 includes a fourth radiation arm 232.
  • the polarization direction of the fourth radiation arm 232 is the same as the polarization direction of the third radiation arm 213.
  • the third bracket 231 includes a support plate parallel to the first support plate 2111 of the first bracket 211, and the fourth radiation arm 232 is located at an end of the support plate close to the first support plate 2111.
  • the fourth radiation arm 232 is substantially parallel to the third radiation arm 213.
  • the plurality of decoupling wires also includes second decoupling wires 32.
  • the structural design of the second decoupling line 32 is the same as the first decoupling line 31.
  • the second decoupling line 32 includes a third coupling section 321, a third transmission section 322, a second connection section 323, a fourth transmission section 324, and a fourth coupling section 325.
  • the second connection section 323 is located on the reflective plate 10.
  • the second connecting sections 323 are arranged substantially horizontally.
  • the third coupling section 321 is located on the first bracket 211 and coupled with the third radiation arm 213.
  • the third transmission section 322 is located on the first bracket 211 and connected between the third coupling section 321 and one end of the second connection section 323.
  • the third transmission sections 322 are arranged substantially vertically.
  • the fourth coupling section 325 is located on the third bracket 231 and coupled with the fourth radiation arm 232.
  • the fourth transmission section 324 is located on the third bracket 231 and connected between the fourth coupling section 325 and the other end of the second connection section 323.
  • the fourth transmission sections 324 are arranged substantially vertically.
  • the third coupling section 321, the third transmission section 322, the second connection section 323, the fourth transmission section 324, and the fourth coupling section 325 are sequentially connected.
  • the first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 213 of the first antenna unit 21 together form a dipole unit, and the two radiating arms of the dipole unit are connected to the adjacent The radiation arms of the antenna unit are decoupled to ensure that the dipole unit has higher isolation and better antenna performance.
  • the multiple antenna units further include a fourth antenna unit 24.
  • the fourth antenna unit 24 includes a fourth bracket 241 standing on the reflection plate 10 and a plurality of radiating arms on the fourth bracket 241.
  • the structural design of the fourth antenna unit 24 is the same as the first antenna unit 21.
  • the fourth bracket 241 is adjacent to the first bracket 211 and spaced apart from each other.
  • the plurality of radiation arms of the fourth antenna unit 24 includes a sixth radiation arm 242.
  • the polarization direction of the sixth radiation arm 242 is the same as the polarization direction of the fifth radiation arm 214.
  • the fourth support 241 includes a support plate parallel to the second support plate 2112 of the first support 211, and the sixth radiation arm 242 is located at an end of the support plate close to the second support plate 2112.
  • the sixth radiation arm 242 is substantially parallel to the fifth radiation arm 214.
  • the plurality of decoupling wires further includes a third decoupling wire 33.
  • the structural design of the third decoupling line 33 is the same as the first decoupling line 31.
  • the third decoupling line 33 includes a fifth coupling section 331, a fifth transmission section 332, a third connection section 333, a sixth transmission section 334, and a sixth coupling section 335.
  • the third connection section 333 is located on the reflective plate 10.
  • the fifth coupling section 331 is located on the first bracket 211 and coupled with the fifth radiation arm 214.
  • the fifth transmission section 332 is located on the first bracket 211 and connected between the fifth coupling section 331 and one end of the third connection section 333.
  • the sixth coupling section 335 is located on the fourth bracket 241 and coupled with the sixth radiation arm 242.
  • the sixth transmission section 334 is located on the fourth bracket 241 and connected between the sixth coupling section 335 and the other end of the third connection section 333.
  • the fifth coupling section 331, the fifth transmission section 332, the third connection section 333, the sixth transmission section 334, and the sixth coupling section 335 are sequentially connected.
  • the fifth radiation arm 214 is decoupled from the adjacent sixth radiation arm 242 through the third decoupling line 33, the difference between the fifth radiation arm 214 and the sixth radiation arm 242 The coupling is weak and the isolation between the two is high, so that the isolation between the adjacent first antenna unit 21 and the fourth antenna unit 24 is high, that is, the two antennas of the first antenna unit 21 are dual-polarized Both have high isolation from adjacent antenna units, and the isolation of the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 is high.
  • the first antenna unit 21 further includes a third connecting arm 217.
  • the third connecting arm 217 is located on the first support plate 2111. One end of the third connection arm 217 is connected to the third radiation arm 213, and the other end is electrically connected to the ground of the reflective plate 10.
  • the first antenna unit 21 also includes a first feed line 218.
  • the first radiation arm 212, the first connection arm 216, the third radiation arm 213, and the third connection arm 217 are all located on one side of the first support plate 2111, and the first feeder 218 is located on the other side of the first support plate 2111.
  • the first feeder 218 is used to feed energy to the first radiation arm 212 and the third radiation arm 213.
  • the first feeder 218 is not in contact with the first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 213, and the first radiating arm 212 and the third radiating arm 213 complete the balanced-unbalanced conversion through the feeding of the first feeder 218.
  • the first connection arm 216 and the third connection arm 217 can be used as the reference ground of the first feeder 218.
  • one end of the first feeding line 218 extends to the reflective plate 10 to be connected to the RF front end through the feeding port 219 provided on the reflective plate 10.
  • the other end of the first feeder 218 is suspended.
  • the first feeder 218 is generally L-shaped, and the end of the first feeder 218 away from the reflective plate 10 has a barb.
  • the first support board 2111 may be a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the first radiation arm 212, the first connection arm 216, the third radiation arm 213, the third connection arm 217, the first feed line 218, part of the first decoupling wire 31 and part of the second decoupling wire 32 can all pass
  • the manufacturing process of the circuit board is formed on the first support plate 2111.
  • part of the decoupling traces between the antenna units can be integrated in the manufacturing process of the antenna unit, and the integration process is simple, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and assembly process of the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 and reducing the multi-input multi-output antenna 100 the cost of.
  • the first antenna unit 21 also includes a second feeder 2110.
  • the second feeder 2110 is located on the second support plate 2112.
  • the fifth radiation arm 214 and the seventh radiation arm 215 are located on one side of the second support plate 2112, and the second feeder 2110 is located on the other side of the second support plate 2112.
  • the second feeder 2110 is used to feed energy to the fifth radiation arm 214 and the seventh radiation arm 215.
  • the structural design of the second feeder 2110 is the same as that of the first feeder 218, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second feeder 2110 and the first feeder 218 are independent of each other.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Les modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent une antenne MIMO, comprenant une plaque réfléchissante, une première unité d'antenne, une seconde unité d'antenne et une première ligne de découplage. La première unité d'antenne comprend un premier support agencé verticalement sur la plaque réfléchissante et un premier bras rayonnant positionné sur le premier support. La seconde unité d'antenne comprend un second support agencé verticalement sur la plaque réfléchissante et un second bras rayonnant positionné sur le second support. La direction de polarisation du premier bras rayonnant est la même que la direction de polarisation du second bras rayonnant. La première ligne de découplage comprend une première section de couplage, une première section de transmission, une première section de liaison, une seconde section de transmission et une seconde section de couplage connectées en séquence. La première section de liaison est positionnée sur la plaque réfléchissante, la première section de couplage est positionnée sur le premier support et est couplée au premier bras rayonnant, et la seconde section de couplage est positionnée sur le second support et est couplée au second bras rayonnant. La présente antenne MIMO présente un degré élevé d'isolation. Les modes de réalisation de la présente invention concernent également une station de base.
PCT/CN2019/128477 2018-12-29 2019-12-25 Antenne mimo et station de base WO2020135537A1 (fr)

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CN201811642792.7A CN111384595B (zh) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 多入多出天线及基站

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WO2023016640A1 (fr) 2021-08-11 2023-02-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne multibande et station de base

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US20140125543A1 (en) * 2012-11-06 2014-05-08 Wistron Neweb Corporation Decoupling Circuit and Antenna Device
WO2017212287A1 (fr) * 2016-06-09 2017-12-14 Smart Antenna Technologies Ltd Système d'antenne destiné à un dispositif portable

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WO2022223102A1 (fr) 2021-04-20 2022-10-27 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne, réseau d'antennes et station de base de communication mobile
WO2023016640A1 (fr) 2021-08-11 2023-02-16 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Antenne multibande et station de base

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