WO2020135331A1 - 一种获取波特率的方法、装置 - Google Patents

一种获取波特率的方法、装置 Download PDF

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WO2020135331A1
WO2020135331A1 PCT/CN2019/127416 CN2019127416W WO2020135331A1 WO 2020135331 A1 WO2020135331 A1 WO 2020135331A1 CN 2019127416 W CN2019127416 W CN 2019127416W WO 2020135331 A1 WO2020135331 A1 WO 2020135331A1
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Prior art keywords
baud rate
detection signal
tested
pin
obd
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French (fr)
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彭志兵
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Autel Intelligent Technology Corp Ltd
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Autel Intelligent Technology Corp Ltd
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Priority to US16/909,469 priority Critical patent/US20200320805A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0808—Diagnosing performance data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • G05B19/0425—Safety, monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Program control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0428—Safety, monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
    • B60R16/0232—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle for measuring vehicle parameters and indicating critical, abnormal or dangerous conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/24—Pc safety
    • G05B2219/24024—Safety, surveillance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/26—Pc applications
    • G05B2219/2637—Vehicle, car, auto, wheelchair
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C2205/00—Indexing scheme relating to group G07C5/00
    • G07C2205/02—Indexing scheme relating to group G07C5/00 using a vehicle scan tool

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of industrial field bus communication, in particular to a method and device for obtaining baud rate.
  • the controller area network (Controller Area Network, CAN) bus protocol has become a standard bus for automotive computer control systems and embedded industrial control local area networks.
  • Various operating systems have integrated many board-level support packages, and many manufacturers have provided corresponding board-level drivers, as well as support for the CAN bus protocol, as well as CAN device drivers in the form of character devices.
  • the baud rate of the CAN bus is not unique. When the baud rate of the CAN bus does not match a certain CAN device, normal communication cannot be performed. When the car and car diagnostic equipment communicate with each other through the CAN bus, they also need to have the same baud rate. In practical applications, different CAN buses have different baud rates. Generally, the baud rate of a car is fixed at the factory. If the baud rate of the CAN bus is inconsistent with the baud rate of the car, it will cause a car diagnostic device. Cannot communicate with the car via CAN bus.
  • the current baud rate is the actual baud rate of the CAN bus .
  • the baud rate used for scanning, scanning pins, the data sent and the judgment of the response data are all done by the host computer.
  • the inventor found that the related art has the following problems: when sending data to the CAN bus with different baud rates, it will interfere with the stability of the bus, thereby easily causing automotive system failure; in addition, the CAN bus baud rate is determined The process is controlled by the host computer and is completed during link communication, thereby extending the system's entry time.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for acquiring the baud rate, which solves the problems of poor stability of the CAN bus and long system entry time when the related art acquires the baud rate of the CAN bus.
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining a baud rate, which is applied to an automobile communication interface device, and is characterized in that the method includes:
  • the detection signal When the detection signal is correctly parsed by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested, it is determined that the certain baud rate to be tested is the baud corresponding to the automotive electronic control unit rate.
  • the determining at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal includes:
  • the OBD pin and the baud rate and the obtained OBD pin determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal.
  • the correspondence between the OBD pin and the baud rate is preset or obtained from a host computer.
  • using the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal includes:
  • the start monitoring mode specifically includes:
  • the monitoring mode is started when the vehicle communication interface device is powered on.
  • monitoring the detection signal from the automotive electronic control unit in the monitoring mode specifically includes:
  • a group of PIN pins is monitored according to a preset PIN pin list, so that the detection signal is obtained through the monitored PIN pins.
  • Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for acquiring a baud rate, which is applied to an automobile communication interface device, and is characterized in that the apparatus includes an OBD interface, a CAN transceiver, and a main controller,
  • the OBD interface is used to monitor the detection signal from the automotive electronic control unit when the automotive communication interface device starts the monitoring mode, and send the detection signal to the CAN transceiver;
  • the CAN transceiver is used to send the detection signal to the main controller
  • the main controller is configured to determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the detection signal, and use the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal when the When at least one of the baud rates to be tested correctly resolves the detection signal, it is determined that the certain baud rate to be tested corresponds to the baud rate corresponding to the automotive electronic control unit.
  • the main controller includes: a CAN controller and an MCU,
  • the MCU is used to determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the detection signal, and send the at least one baud rate to be tested to the CAN controller, the CAN The controller is configured to sequentially analyze the detection signal by using the at least one baud rate to be tested.
  • the The MCU is used to determine the certain baud rate to be tested corresponding to the baud rate of the automotive electronic control unit.
  • the MCU is specifically used for:
  • the OBD pin and the baud rate and the obtained OBD pin determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal.
  • the correspondence between the OBD pin and the baud rate is preset or obtained from a host computer.
  • the CAN controller is specifically used for:
  • the start monitoring mode specifically includes:
  • the monitoring mode is started when the vehicle communication interface device is powered on.
  • the OBD interface is specifically used for:
  • a group of PIN pins is monitored according to a preset PIN pin list, so that the detection signal is obtained through the monitored PIN pins.
  • the automotive communication interface device monitors the detection signal from the automotive electronic control unit, and then determines at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal, and uses the at least one baud to be tested Analyze the detection signal in turn, and when the detection signal is correctly parsed by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested, then the certain baud rate to be tested is determined to be the car The baud rate corresponding to the electronic control unit.
  • This embodiment adopts a specific baud rate to receive CAN bus data, and does not actively send any waveform data to the CAN bus during the entire process, thereby ensuring the stability of the CAN bus; in addition, the recognition of the CAN bus baud rate is performed by the car communication The interface device is completed independently, thereby shortening the system entry time during link communication.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for obtaining a baud rate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for sequentially parsing the detection signal using the at least one baud rate to be tested provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring a baud rate corresponding to the vehicle communication interface device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for obtaining a baud rate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device 100 may be applied to a vehicle communication interface (VCI) device, which includes an OBD interface 10, a CAN transceiver 20, and a main controller 30.
  • VCI vehicle communication interface
  • the OBD interface 10 is respectively connected to the CAN transceiver 20 and the main controller 30, wherein the OCI interface of the VCI is used to connect to the OBD interface on the vehicle through an OBD communication line, thereby achieving electronic communication with the vehicle A control unit is connected, and the OBD interface 10 is used to monitor a detection signal from an electronic control unit (Electronic Control Unit, ECU) of the vehicle when the vehicle communication interface device starts a monitoring mode, and send the detection signal to the CAN Ceiver 20.
  • ECU Electronic Control Unit
  • the detection signal is used to determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the automotive electronic control unit, so as to determine the baud rate of the automotive electronic control unit according to the at least one baud rate to be tested.
  • the detection signal may specifically be a digital signal or an analog signal.
  • the specific way of monitoring the detection signal from the automobile electronic control unit in the monitoring mode may be to monitor a group of PIN pins according to a preset PIN pin list, so as to obtain the detection signal through the monitored PIN pins.
  • the detection signal flows into the OBD interface 10 through the monitored PIN pin, and each monitored PIN pin corresponds to a detection signal respectively.
  • the detection signal comes from the ECU in the vehicle connected to the monitored PIN pin.
  • the number of PIN pins connected to the ECU may be one, a pair or a plurality.
  • the start of the monitoring mode of the vehicle communication interface device may specifically be the start of the monitoring mode when the vehicle communication interface device is powered on.
  • the OBD interface 10 may include an OBDII pin selection module and a PIN pin, where the PIN pin is used to directly connect to the OBDII interface communication line, and the OBDII pin selection module is connected to each PIN pin for selection
  • the detection signal transmitted by one or more PIN pins is monitored, and the OBDII pin selection module can also be connected to the CAN transceiver 20.
  • the OBDII pin selection module can send the monitored detection signal to the CAN transceiver 20 under the control of the main controller 30.
  • the baud rate passed by the OBDII pin selection module is usually greater than or equal to 2MHZ, and its input voltage value is greater than or equal to 12V, of course in practical applications
  • the baud rate and voltage value can be adjusted according to specific device parameters, and is not limited to the above-mentioned required range.
  • the OBD interface may include any standard OBD interface, such as an OBD interface, an OBDII interface, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the CAN transceiver 20 is respectively connected to the OBD interface 10 and the main controller 30.
  • the CAN transceiver 20 belongs to the physical layer of the CAN bus, which is used to receive the OBD interface 10 to send The detection signal and send the detection signal to the main controller 30.
  • the CAN transceiver 20 is also used to perform data processing on the received detection signal, and then send the data-processed detection signal to the main controller 30, specifically, the CAN transceiver 20 can convert the binary code stream signal into a differential signal and then send the differential signal, and the CAN transceiver 20 can also convert the differential signal into a binary code stream signal and then send the binary code stream signal.
  • the detection signal is a differential signal
  • the CAN transceiver 20 obtains the differential signal from the OBD interface 10, converts the differential signal into a binary code stream signal, and then converts the binary code Stream signal is sent to the main controller 30.
  • the main controller 30 is configured to determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the detection signal sent by the CAN transceiver 20, and sequentially analyze the detection using the at least one baud rate to be tested Signal, when the detection signal is correctly parsed by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested, it is determined that the certain baud rate to be tested corresponds to the vehicle electronic control unit Baud rate.
  • the main controller 30 determining at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the detection signal sent by the CAN transceiver 20 specifically includes:
  • Step 101 Obtain the OBD pin that sends the detection signal
  • the main controller 30 obtains the OBD pin that sends the detection signal from the OBD interface 10 through the CAN transceiver 20.
  • the obtained OBD pins are specifically one or more of all the pins included in the OBD interface 10.
  • Step 102 Determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the correspondence between the OBD pin and the baud rate and the obtained OBD pin.
  • the corresponding relationship between the OBD pin and the baud rate may be preset, or may be obtained from a host computer.
  • the host computer in the embodiment of the present application refers to a car diagnostic device connected to a VCI, which may include a terminal or a PC.
  • the corresponding relationship between the recognized CAN bus PIN pin and the baud rate that is, the corresponding relationship between the OBD pin and the baud rate is stored in the upper computer, and the main controller 30 may directly obtain the Correspondence between OBD pin and baud rate.
  • the corresponding relationship between the OBD pin and the baud rate may specifically be an OBD pin corresponding to a baud rate, or an OBD pin corresponding to a baud rate within a range, and so on.
  • determining at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal specifically includes placing the acquired OBD pin in the Search the correspondence between the OBD pin and the baud rate.
  • the baud rate corresponding to the same OBD pin is obtained.
  • the obtained baud rate is the same as the detection Signal-related baud rate to be tested.
  • the baud rate to be tested refers to the baud rate used to identify the baud rate of the CAN bus.
  • the baud rate to be tested is determined first, and then the CAN bus is determined according to the baud rate to be tested
  • the baud rate does not need to use all the baud rates to send data to the bus in a scanning manner, which not only shortens the recognition time of the CAN bus baud rate, but also ensures the stability of the CAN bus.
  • the main controller 30 using the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal specifically includes:
  • Step 201 Use one of the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal in the CAN controller;
  • Step 202 Read the status register in the CAN controller to determine whether the detection signal has been correctly parsed by the baud rate to be tested.
  • the main controller 30 determines whether the detection signal has been correctly parsed by the baud rate to be tested through the data information of the status register in the CAN controller. Specifically, the CAN controller obtains the detection signal from the CAN transceiver 20, the detection signal is a binary code stream signal, and the CAN controller parses the binary code stream signal. This process includes performing signal transmission and reception comparison. , De-bit filling, CRC check and other operations.
  • the CAN controller makes an error judgment according to the parsed binary code stream signal, and when the parsed data frame of the binary code stream signal exists in the error set bus status register, it determines that the detection signal fails Correct parsing of the baud rate to be tested; when the parsed data frame of the binary stream signal exists in the bus status register that is correctly set, it is determined that the detection signal passes the baud rate to be tested correctly Analysis. At this time, the baud rate to be tested of the detection signal, that is, the baud rate corresponding to the automotive electronic control unit, can be correctly analyzed.
  • the device 100 is applied to the automotive communication interface device, and when it acquires the CAN bus baud rate, that is, the baud rate corresponding to the automotive communication interface device, as shown in FIG. 4
  • the instructions include the following steps:
  • Step 301 Start the monitoring mode
  • Step 302 Monitor the detection signal from the automotive electronic control unit in the monitoring mode
  • Step 303 Determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal
  • Step 304 Use the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal
  • Step 305 When the detection signal is correctly parsed by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested, determine that the certain baud rate to be tested corresponds to the automotive electronic control unit Baud rate.
  • the main controller 30 includes a CAN controller 31 and an MCU 32
  • the CAN controller 31 connects the CAN transceiver 20 and the MCU 32
  • the MCU 32 The OBD interface 10, the CAN transceiver 20 and the CAN controller 31 are respectively connected.
  • the functions performed by the CAN controller 31 and the MCU 32 are integrated into the main controller 30.
  • an independent CAN controller 31 module and an MCU 32 module may be provided.
  • the MCU 32 is used to determine at least one baud rate to be tested related to the detection signal according to the detection signal, and send the at least one baud rate to be tested to the CAN controller 31.
  • the CAN controller 31 is used to sequentially analyze the detection signal using the at least one baud rate to be tested, and when the baud rate to be tested is correctly parsed out by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested Signal, the MCU 32 is used to determine the baud rate of the certain one to be tested corresponding to the baud rate of the automotive electronic control unit.
  • the CAN controller 31 is specifically used to perform the above steps 201 and 202, and the MCU 32 is specifically used to perform the above steps 101 and 102. For the specific process, refer to the above embodiments.
  • the MCU 32 is also used to save or call the corresponding list of the relationship between the OBDII bus, CAN bus, and PIN pins from the VCI memory (for example, 6&14, that is, pin 6 in the OBDII interface corresponds to the CANH bus, OBDII interface Pin 14 in the middle corresponds to the CANL bus; 12&13, that is, pin 12 in the OBDII interface corresponds to the CANH bus, pin 13 in the OBDII interface corresponds to the CANL bus, etc.), save the CAN bus baud rate list (for example, 33333/125000 /250000/500000/1000000bps, where these numbers represent the number of communication bits per second, such as 250000bps, which can transmit 250K bits per second, each bit takes 4us), and save the recognized CAN bus PIN and baud rate Correspondence.
  • 6&14 that is, pin 6 in the OBDII interface corresponds to the CANH bus
  • OBDII interface Pin 14 in the middle corresponds to the
  • the MCU 32 is connected to the host computer.
  • the MCU 32 is connected to the host computer through the VCI communication interface.
  • the host computer can obtain the saved list information from the MCU 32 through the preset interface.
  • the MCU 32 The corresponding relationship between the PIN pin and the baud rate can be obtained from the upper computer. After obtaining the baud rate to be tested that can correctly parse the detection signal and the baud rate to be tested that cannot correctly parse the detection signal according to the above steps 201-202, the matched and Unmatched baud rate to be tested, so that the host computer can avoid sending data to the CAN bus using the wrong baud rate
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for acquiring a baud rate.
  • the apparatus monitors a detection signal from an electronic control unit of an automobile after starting a monitoring mode through an automobile communication interface device, and then determines at least one wave to be tested related to the detection signal Special rate, and use the at least one baud rate to be tested to sequentially analyze the detection signal, when the baud rate to be tested by one of the at least one baud rate to be tested correctly resolves the detection signal, so as to determine the The baud rate to be tested is the baud rate corresponding to the automotive electronic control unit.
  • This embodiment adopts a specific baud rate to receive CAN bus data, and does not actively send any waveform data to the CAN bus during the entire process, thereby ensuring the stability of the CAN bus; in addition, the recognition of the CAN bus baud rate is performed by the car communication The interface device is completed independently, thereby shortening the system entry time during link communication.
  • each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art may understand that all or part of the processes in the method of the foregoing embodiments may be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
  • the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, it may include the processes of the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), etc.

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Abstract

一种获取波特率的方法、装置，方法包括：启动监听模式（301）；在监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号（302）；确定与检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率（303）；利用至少一个待测试波特率依次解析检测信号（304）；当通过至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出检测信号时，确定某一个待测试波特率为汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率（305）。采用特定波特率来接收CAN总线数据，整个过程中不主动向CAN总线上发送任何波形数据，从而保证了CAN总线的稳定性；另外，CAN总线波特率的识别工作由汽车通信接口设备独立完成，从而缩短了链路通讯时系统进入时间。

Description

一种获取波特率的方法、装置
本申请要求于2018年12月24日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811582021.3、申请名称为“一种获取波特率的方法、装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及工业现场总线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种获取波特率的方法、装置。
背景技术
目前，控制器局域网络(Controller Area Network，CAN)总线协议已经成为汽车计算机控制系统和嵌入式工业控制局域网的标准总线。各种操作系统本身已经集成了许多板级支持包，并且很多厂商已经提供了对应的板级驱动，也提供对CAN总线协议的支持，同时也支持字符设备形式的CAN设备驱动。但CAN总线的波特率不是唯一的，当CAN总线与某个CAN设备的波特率不相匹配时，就无法进行正常通讯。而汽车与汽车诊断设备通过CAN总线进行相互通信时，也需要具有相同的波特率。在实际应用中，不同的CAN总线有着不同的波特率，通常情况下汽车的波特率在出厂时已经固定，如果CAN总线的波特率与汽车的波特率不一致，则造成汽车诊断设备无法通过CAN总线与汽车进行通信。
为了解决上述问题，相关技术在汽车诊断过程中，采用不同的波特率以扫描的方式向CAN总线发送数据，若能收到正确的应答数据则当前波特率为CAN总线的实际波特率。其中，扫描使用的波特率、扫描管脚、发送的数据以及应答数据的判定均由上位机完成。
发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现相关技术存在以下问题：采用不同的波特率向CAN总线发送数据时会干扰总线的稳定性，从而容易造成汽车系统故障；另外，确定CAN总线波特率的过程由上位机控制，在链路通信时来完成，从而延长了系统的进入时间。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种获取波特率的方法、装置，解决相关技术在获取CAN总线波特率时存在CAN总线稳定性差、系统进入时间长的问题。
本发明实施例的一方面，提供一种获取波特率的方法，应用于汽车通信接口设备，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
启动监听模式；
在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号；
确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率；
利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号；
当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
可选地，所述确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，包括：
获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚；
根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率。
可选地，所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系是预设的或是从上位机获取的。
可选地，所述利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，包括：
依次利用所述至少一个待测试波特率中的一个待测试波特率在CAN控制器中解析所述检测信号；
读取所述CAN控制器中的状态寄存器，以确定所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率正确解析。
可选地，所述启动监听模式具体包括：
在所述汽车通信接口设备上电时启动监听模式。
可选地，所述在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号具体包括：
根据预设的PIN脚列表监听一组PIN脚，从而通过监听的所述PIN脚获取所述检测信号。
本发明实施例的另一方面，提供一种获取波特率的装置，应用于汽车通信接口设备，其特征在于，所述装置包括：OBD接口、CAN收发器以及主控制器，
所述OBD接口，用于在所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式时监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号，并且将所述检测信号发送至所述CAN收发器；
所述CAN收发器，用于将所述检测信号发送至所述主控制器；
所述主控制器，用于根据所述检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
可选地，所述主控制器包括：CAN控制器和MCU，
其中，所述MCU用于根据所述检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，并且将所述至少一个待测试波特率发送至所述CAN控制器， 所述CAN控制器用于利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，所述MCU用于确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
可选地，所述MCU具体用于：
获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚；
根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率。
可选地，所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系是预设的或是从上位机获取的。
可选地，所述CAN控制器具体用于：
依次利用所述至少一个待测试波特率中的一个待测试波特率解析所述检测信号；
读取所述CAN控制器中的状态寄存器，以确定所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率正确解析。
可选地，所述启动监听模式具体包括：
在所述汽车通信接口设备上电时启动监听模式。
可选地，所述OBD接口具体用于：
在所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式时，根据预设的PIN脚列表监听一组PIN脚，从而通过监听的所述PIN脚获取所述检测信号。
在本发明实施例中，汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式后监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号，然后确定与该检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，并且利用该至少一个待测试波特率依次解析该检测信号，当通过该至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，从而确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。该实施方式采用特定波特率来接收CAN总线数据，整个过程中不主动向CAN总线上发送任何波形数据，从而保证了CAN总线的稳定性；另外，CAN总线波特率的识别工作由汽车通信接口设备独立完成，从而缩短了链路通讯时系统进入时间。
附图说明
一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种获取波特率的装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率的方法的流程图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号的方法的流程图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的获取与所述汽车通信接口设备对应的波特率的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的是，如果不冲突，本发明实施例中的各个特征可以相互组合，均在本发明的保护范围之内。另外，虽然在装置示意图中进行了功能模块的划分，在流程图中示出了逻辑顺序，但是在某些情况下，可以以不同于装置示意图中的模块划分，或流程图中的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明实施例提供的一种获取波特率的装置的结构示意图。所述装置100可以应用于汽车通信接口(Vehicle Communication Interface，VCI)设备，其包括：OBD接口10、CAN收发器20以及主控制器30。
所述OBD接口10分别连接所述CAN收发器20和所述主控制器30，其中，所述VCI的OBD接口用于通过OBD通讯线与车辆上的OBD接口连接，进而实现与车辆中的电子控制单元连接，所述OBD接口10用于在所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式时监听来自汽车电子控制单元(Electronic Control Unit，ECU)的检测信号，并且将所述检测信号发送至所述CAN收发器20。其中，所述检测信号用于确定与所述汽车电子控制单元相关的至少一个待测试波特率，从而根据所述至少一个待测试波特率确定所述汽车电子控制单元的波特率。所述检测信号具体可以是数字信号或者模拟信号。其中，在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号的具体方式可以是，根据预设的PIN脚列表监听一组PIN脚，从而通过监听的所述PIN脚获取所述检测信号。所述检测信号通过监听的所述PIN脚流入所述OBD接口10，每一监听的所述PIN脚分别对应一检测信号，该检测信号来自于监听的所述PIN脚连接的车辆中的ECU，其中，与该ECU连接的PIN脚的数量可为一个、一对或多个。其中，所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式具体可以是在所述汽车通信接口设备上电时启动所述监听模式。
在本实施例中，所述OBD接口10可以包括OBDII管脚选取模块与PIN脚，其中，PIN脚用于与OBDII接口通讯线直接相连，OBDII管脚选取模块与各PIN脚连接，用于选取一个或多个PIN脚传输的检测信号进行监听，并且OBDII管脚选取模块还可以与所述CAN收发器20连接。所述OBDII管脚选取模块可以在所述主控制器30的控制下将监听到的所述检测信号发送至所述CAN收发器20。为了保证所传递的所述检测信号的参数变形范围可控，所述OBDII管脚选取模块所通过的波特率通常大于或者等于2MHZ，并且其输入的电压值大于等于12V，当然在实际应用中，可以根据具体的设备参数调整所述波特率和 电压值，而并不仅限于上述所要求的范围。需要说明的，所述OBD接口可以包括任何标准OBD接口，如OBD接口，OBDII接口等，在此不予限定。
所述CAN收发器20分别连接所述OBD接口10和所述主控制器30，在本实施例中，所述CAN收发器20属于CAN总线的物理层，其用于接收所述OBD接口10发送的所述检测信号，并且将所述检测信号发送至所述主控制器30。可选地，所述CAN收发器20还用于对接收到的所述检测信号进行数据处理，再将数据处理后的所述检测信号发送至主控制器30，具体地，所述CAN收发器20可以将二进制码流信号转换为差分信号，然后发送所述差分信号，所述CAN收发器20还可以将差分信号转换为二进制码流信号，然后发送所述二进制码流信号。在本实施例中，所述检测信号为差分信号，所述CAN收发器20从所述OBD接口10获取所述差分信号，将所述差分信号转换为二进制码流信号，然后将所述二进制码流信号发送至所述主控制器30。
所述主控制器30用于根据所述CAN收发器20发送的检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
其中，请参阅图2，所述主控制器30根据所述CAN收发器20发送的检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率具体包括：
步骤101、获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚；
其中，所述主控制器30通过所述CAN收发器20从所述OBD接口10获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚。获取到的所述OBD引脚具体是所述OBD接口10所包含的全部引脚中的某一个或者某几个。
步骤102、根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率。
其中，所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系可以是预设的，也可以是从上位机获取的。在此，本申请实施例中的上位机是指与VCI连接的汽车诊断设备，其可以包括终端或PC等。所述上位机中保存有被识别到的CAN总线PIN脚与波特率的对应关系，也即OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系，所述主控制器30可以直接从上位机获取所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系。所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系具体可以是一个OBD引脚对应一个波特率，也可以是一个OBD引脚对应一个范围内的波特率，等。
其中，根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率具体包括，将获取到的OBD引脚在所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系中进行查找，找到相同的OBD引脚时，获取所述相同的OBD引脚对应的波特率，获取到的所述波特率即是与所述检测信号相关的待测试波特率。所述待测试波特率指的是用于进行CAN总线波特率识别的波特率，在本实施例中，通过先确定待测试波特率，然后再根据待测试波特 率确定CAN总线波特率，而不需要采用全部的波特率以扫描的方式向总线发送数据，不仅缩短了CAN总线波特率识别的时间，而且保证了CAN总线的稳定性。
其中，请参阅图3，所述主控制器30利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号具体包括：
步骤201、依次利用所述至少一个待测试波特率中的一个待测试波特率在CAN控制器中解析所述检测信号；
步骤202、读取所述CAN控制器中的状态寄存器，以确定所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率正确解析。
在本实施例中，所述主控制器30通过CAN控制器中的状态寄存器的数据信息判断所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率进行了正确解析。具体地，CAN控制器从所述CAN收发器20获取所述检测信号，所述检测信号为二进制码流信号，所述CAN控制器解析所述二进制码流信号，该过程包括进行信号收发比对、去位填充、执行CRC校验等操作。所述CAN控制器根据解析后的所述二进制码流信号进行错误判定，当解析后的所述二进制码流信号的数据帧存在于错误置位总线状态寄存器时，则确定所述检测信号未通过所述待测试波特率的正确解析；当解析后的所述二进制码流信号的数据帧存在于正确置位总线状态寄存器时，则确定所述检测信号通过所述待测试波特率的正确解析，此时，能正确解析所述检测信号的待测试波特率即所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
在本实施例中，所述装置100应用于所述汽车通信接口设备，在其获取CAN总线波特率，也即是获取与所述汽车通信接口设备对应的波特率时，如图4所示，具体包括以下步骤：
步骤301、启动监听模式；
步骤302、在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号；
步骤303、确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率；
步骤304、利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号；
步骤305、当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
上述步骤301-步骤305执行的方法的具体过程与上述OBD接口10、CAN收发器20以及主控制器30所执行的功能具有相同的构思，具体可以参考上述实施例。
在一些实施例中，同样请参阅图1，所述主控制器30包括CAN控制器31和MCU 32，所述CAN控制器31连接所述CAN收发器20和所述MCU 32，所述MCU 32分别连接所述OBD接口10、所述CAN收发器20以及所述CAN控制器31。在上述实施例中将所述CAN控制器31和MCU 32所执行的功能集成于所述主控制器30中，在本实施例中，可以设置独立的CAN控制器31模块和MCU 32模块。
其中，所述MCU 32用于根据所述检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，并且将所述至少一个待测试波特率发送至所述CAN控制器31，所述CAN控制器31用于利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，所述MCU 32用于确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。在本实施例中，所述CAN控制器31具体用于执行上述步骤201和步骤202，所述MCU 32具体用于执行上述步骤101和步骤102，具体过程可以参考上述实施例。
可选地，所述MCU 32还用于保存或从VCI的存储器中调用OBDII总线、CAN总线、PIN脚的关系对应列表(比如，6&14，即OBDII接口中6号管脚对应CANH总线，OBDII接口中14号管脚对应CANL总线；12&13，即OBDII接口中12号管脚对应CANH总线，OBDII接口中13号管脚对应CANL总线，等)，保存CAN总线波特率列表(比如，33333/125000/250000/500000/1000000bps，其中，这些数字表示每秒通讯位数，如250000bps，即每秒可传输250K bit，每bit占时4us)，以及保存被识别到的CAN总线PIN脚与波特率的对应关系。在一些实施例中，所述MCU 32与上位机连接，例如，MCU32通过VCI的通信接口与上位机连接，上位机可以通过预设接口从MCU 32中获取其保存的列表信息，同时，MCU 32可以从上位机获取PIN脚与波特率的对应关系。其中，在根据上述步骤201-步骤202获取到能正确解析所述检测信号的待测试波特率，以及不能正确解析所述检测信号的待测试波特率后，可以向上位机反馈匹配的以及不匹配的待测试波特率，从而能使上位机避免使用错误的波特率向CAN总线发送数据。
本发明实施例提供了一种获取波特率的装置，所述装置通过汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式后监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号，然后确定与该检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，并且利用该至少一个待测试波特率依次解析该检测信号，当通过该至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，从而确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。该实施方式采用特定波特率来接收CAN总线数据，整个过程中不主动向CAN总线上发送任何波形数据，从而保证了CAN总线的稳定性；另外，CAN总线波特率的识别工作由汽车通信接口设备独立完成，从而缩短了链路通讯时系统进入时间。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域普通技术人员可以清楚地了解到各实施方式可借助软件加通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件来实现。本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)等。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；在本发明的思路下，以上实施例或者不同实施例中的技术特征之间也可以进行组合，步骤可以以任意顺序实现，并存在如上所述的本发明的不同方面的许多其它变化，为了简明，它们没有在细节中提供；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种获取波特率的方法，应用于汽车通信接口设备，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    启动监听模式；
    在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号；
    确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率；
    利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号；
    当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，包括：
    获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚；
    根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系是预设的或是从上位机获取的。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，包括：
    依次利用所述至少一个待测试波特率中的一个待测试波特率在CAN控制器中解析所述检测信号；
    读取所述CAN控制器中的状态寄存器，以确定所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率正确解析。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述启动监听模式具体包括：
    在所述汽车通信接口设备上电时启动监听模式。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在所述监听模式下监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号具体包括：
    根据预设的PIN脚列表监听一组PIN脚，从而通过监听的所述PIN脚获取所述检测信号。
  7. 一种获取波特率的装置，应用于汽车通信接口设备，其特征在于，所述装置包括：OBD接口、CAN收发器以及主控制器，
    所述OBD接口，用于在所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式时监听来自汽车电子控制单元的检测信号，并且将所述检测信号发送至所述CAN收发器；
    所述CAN收发器，用于将所述检测信号发送至所述主控制器；
    所述主控制器，用于根据所述检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当 通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述主控制器包括：CAN控制器和MCU，
    其中，所述MCU用于根据所述检测信号确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率，并且将所述至少一个待测试波特率发送至所述CAN控制器，所述CAN控制器用于利用所述至少一个待测试波特率依次解析所述检测信号，当通过所述至少一个待测试波特率中的某一个待测试波特率正确解析出所述检测信号时，所述MCU用于确定所述某一个待测试波特率为所述汽车电子控制单元对应的波特率。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，所述MCU具体用于：
    获取发送所述检测信号的OBD引脚；
    根据OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系和获取的所述OBD引脚，确定与所述检测信号相关的至少一个待测试波特率。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OBD引脚与波特率的对应关系是预设的或是从上位机获取的。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述CAN控制器具体用于：
    依次利用所述至少一个待测试波特率中的一个待测试波特率解析所述检测信号；
    读取所述CAN控制器中的状态寄存器，以确定所述检测信号是否通过所述待测试波特率正确解析。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述启动监听模式具体包括：
    在所述汽车通信接口设备上电时启动监听模式。
  13. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OBD接口具体用于：
    在所述汽车通信接口设备启动监听模式时，根据预设的PIN脚列表监听一组PIN脚，从而通过监听的所述PIN脚获取所述检测信号。
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