WO2020134579A1 - 三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统 - Google Patents

三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134579A1
WO2020134579A1 PCT/CN2019/115480 CN2019115480W WO2020134579A1 WO 2020134579 A1 WO2020134579 A1 WO 2020134579A1 CN 2019115480 W CN2019115480 W CN 2019115480W WO 2020134579 A1 WO2020134579 A1 WO 2020134579A1
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Prior art keywords
square
confining pressure
rod
hopkinson
dynamic
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PCT/CN2019/115480
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱建波
谢和平
周韬
李玉龙
赵坚
索涛
汤忠斌
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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Priority to US17/359,126 priority Critical patent/US11988645B2/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/30Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
    • G01N3/307Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048Hydraulic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0256Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to dynamic mechanical performance testing of materials such as rock, concrete, and polymers, and particularly to a mechanical performance testing system based on Hopkinson rod dynamic and static combined loading conditions.
  • rock, concrete and other materials are often subjected to multi-directional impact loads or three-dimensional unequal in-situ stress, and biaxial or triaxial impact loads on rocks, concrete and other materials may be simultaneous in all directions
  • the loading may also be differentially delayed in each direction (eg millisecond delayed blasting during blasting).
  • domestic and foreign research devices for the dynamic characteristics of rock, concrete and other materials under impact loading can only achieve unidirectional and circumferential isostatic confining pressure dynamic and static combined loading.
  • the utility model with the patent number 201620574575.9 introduces a true triaxial Hopkinson pressure bar device, which simultaneously applies three-dimensional static prestress to rock samples (the stress in the three main directions satisfies: 0 ⁇ 0 2 # CT 3 ) After that, the specimen is subjected to unidirectional impact loading. It can be seen that the unidirectional impact loading of rock specimens under the state of static true triaxial stress is pre-added.
  • the triaxial Hopkinson rod test of unidirectional impact loading cannot truly reflect the dynamic mechanical behavior of rock, concrete and other materials in multi-directional simultaneous or delayed impact loading. This is a technical problem that the existing device urgently needs to overcome.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a three-axis six-way Hopkinson pressure bar dynamic and static load synchronous servo that can achieve true three-axis ultra-high static and dynamic load synchronous loading and realize servo control of the confining pressure during the test Control System.
  • the dynamic and static load synchronous servo control device of the dynamic and static load synchronous servo control system of the three-axis six-direction Hopkinson pressure bar includes a boss, a baffle plate, a confining pressure loading hydraulic cylinder, and a confining pressure loading frame. The boss is the key to the innovation of the device.
  • Each direction of the three-axis six-direction Hopkinson rod system is a single-axis two-way hydraulic loading system.
  • the single-axis two-way hydraulic loading system is placed on the support platform, and the center cube box is placed on the center support platform.
  • a square hole and an observation hole are reserved for each surface.
  • a square rod in the X, Y, and Z directions is placed in the square hole, and a boss is provided on the side of the square rod near the loading end of the incident stress wave, and the boss is away from the square rod.
  • the distance of the loading end can be 3% to 7% of the length of the square rod
  • the length of the boss can be 1.5% to 4% of the length of the square rod
  • the diameter of the boss can be 1.5 to 2.5 times the side length of the cross section of the square rod.
  • the dynamic stress pulse can be applied to the sample through the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity placed on the incident end of the square rod.
  • the precision displacement sensor and precision pressure sensor in the servo hydraulic control system are used to transmit the displacement signal and pressure signal of the square rod during the impact process to the industrial computer of the confining pressure loading system to realize the displacement and loading force of the loading cylinder
  • the precise control of the size ensures that the static confining pressure of the test sample during dynamic impact loading is always maintained at a relatively stable stress value, and the static confining pressure servo control is realized.
  • the present invention provides a three-axis six-direction Hopkinson pressure bar dynamic and static load synchronous servo control system
  • the test system is provided with a central cube box, a horizontal cross support platform, The central support platform;
  • the central cubic box is completely open in the Z+ direction, and a square opening is provided in the middle of the square box along the X+ direction, X- direction, Y+ direction, Y- direction, and Z- direction, and the square opening size and square rod
  • the center cube square box is placed at the center of the upper surface of the center support platform, and forms an orthogonal coordinate system with the horizontal cross support platform for precise positioning and centering of the three-axis six-way Hopkinson rod system
  • the square box is the center of symmetry, and the X+, X-, Y+, and Y-direction confining pressure hydraulic cylinders, confining pressure actuators, confining pressure loading frame, electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity, Boss, square
  • the square rod is fixed by a self-lubricating square rod and a support frame, and the square rod and the central cubic box are centered and connected in a square opening; the confining pressure hydraulic cylinder and the confining pressure actuator are combined in series with the confining pressure loading frame
  • the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity is placed in the confining pressure loading frame and placed at the incident end of the square rod, and is freely and tightly attached to the incident end of the square rod.
  • the confining pressure loading frame and the boss are connected in series, and the boss is placed at The incident end of the square rod is 3% to 7% of the rod length from the end. .
  • the distance of the boss from the loading end of the incident stress wave of the square rod is 3% to 7% of the length of the square rod.
  • the length of the boss is 1.5% to 4% of the length of the square rod.
  • the diameter of the boss is 1.5 to 2.5 times the side length of the square rod cross section
  • the present invention also includes a square rod centering positioning rail, the square rod is centered along the square rod centering positioning rail and the central cubic box at the square opening to achieve centering connection.
  • the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame is placed in the confining pressure loading frame, and placed at the incident end of the square rod, the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity
  • the support frame supports the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity
  • the X+ direction, X- direction, Y+ direction, and Y- direction are respectively provided with a connecting rod support rod and a confining pressure loading end baffle and a confining pressure loading fixed end baffle, the connecting rod
  • the support rod connects the confining pressure loading end baffle and the confining pressure loading fixed end baffle with the central cube square box.
  • the Z+ direction and the Z- direction are respectively provided with vertical fixing and supporting frames, and the vertical fixing and supporting frame and the central cube box are connected to form a Z+ and Z- direction static enclosure Pressure application provides a fixed frame and reaction force support system.
  • the setting of the boss can realize that after the static confining pressure is applied to the test sample, the incident end of the Hopkinson pressure rod can be guaranteed to be
  • the free end solves the problem that the traditional dynamic and static combined Hopkinson rod system can not guarantee that the ends of the Hopkinson incident rod and the transmission rod are in a free state after static prestress is applied, thereby providing subsequent electromagnetic excitation stress pulses and in-situ pressure preservation Ultrasonic testing under conditions provides test conditions.
  • Static true three-axis synchronous servo control confining pressure loading system can realize Hopkinson pressure bar test system true three-axis static confining pressure synchronous loading, and realize the servo control of confining pressure during the test (displacement control and stress control
  • the present invention can achieve 300MPa ultra-high static confining pressure (simulating 10,000 meters deep in-situ stress) true triaxial loading, which solves the defect that an ultra-high static static confining pressure cannot be applied to simulate 10,000-meter deep in-situ stress.
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a three-axis six-way synchronous coordinated control electromagnetic loading Hopkinson rod system
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of an X-direction uniaxial bidirectional hydraulic loading system
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of an X-direction uniaxial bidirectional hydraulic loading system
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a square rod and boss structure
  • FIG. 5 is a two-dimensional front view of a square rod and boss structure
  • FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional left side view of a square rod and boss structure
  • FIG. 7 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection between the boss structure and the confining pressure loading system
  • FIG. 8 is a two-dimensional front view of the connection between the boss structure and the confining pressure loading system.
  • Electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 7_X + to confining pressure loading frame, 8_X + to the boss, 9 _X + to the connecting rod support rod, 10 X + to the square rod, 11 _X + to the self-lubricating square rod fixing and support frame, 12 _X + to the square rod centering positioning rail, 13 _X_ to load the fixed end baffle to the surrounding pressure, 14 _X_ to the electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity, 15_X_ to the square rod centering positioning rail, 16 _X_ to the connecting rod support rod, 17 _X_ to confining pressure loading frame, 18_X_ to self-lubricating square rod fixing and support frame, 19 _X_ to electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame, 20_X_ to boss, 21_X_ to square rod, 22_X_ to support platform, 23 _Y + loading end baffle to confining pressure, 24 _Y + loading hydraulic cylinder to confining pressure, 25_Y + supporting platform, 26 _Y + positioning guide rail to square rod centering
  • FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of a three-axis six-way synchronous coordinated control electromagnetic loading Hopkinson rod system.
  • the test device is placed on a horizontal cross-support platform, which includes X + -direction support platform 1, X_-direction support platform 22, Y + -direction support platform 25, ⁇ _direction support platform 39, and center support platform 65.
  • the upper surface (along the Z + direction) of the central cubic box 63 is completely open, and square openings are provided in the middle of the central cubic box along the X + direction, X_ direction, Y + direction, Y_ direction, and _ direction, and The size of the square opening is the same as the size of the square rod; the central cubic box 63 is placed in the center of the upper surface of the central support platform 65, and forms an orthogonal coordinate system with the horizontal cross support platform for the accuracy of the three-axis six-direction Hopkinson rod system Positioning and centering.
  • the X + -direction square rod 10 is fixed by the X + -direction self-lubricating square rod and the support frame 11, and the positioning guide rail 12 and the central cube box 63 are aligned along the X + -direction square rod to achieve the centering connection at the X + -direction square opening ;
  • X + load hydraulic cylinder 2 to confining pressure and X + load to confining pressure
  • the actuator 4 is combined with the X + confining pressure loading frame 7 in series, and the X + direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 6 and the X + direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 5 are placed in the X + direction confining pressure loading frame 7 and placed in X + direction to the incident end of the square rod 10, and the X + direction to the incident end of the square rod 10 is free and tightly fit, X + confining pressure loading frame 7 and X + direction boss 8 connected in series, for X + Apply X to the incident end of the square rod 10 + Static confining pressure and dynamic stress
  • the square square rod 21 is fixed by X _ self-lubricating square rod and support frame 18, and the positioning guide 15 along the X _ square rod is centered and the center cube box 63 is centered at the X _ square opening;
  • X _ Electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 and X _ electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 19 is placed in X _
  • X _ confining pressure loading frame 17 and _ direction boss 20 connection used to apply X _ to the static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test specimen along the incident end of the square rod 21 in the X direction;
  • the Y + -directional square rod 34 is fixed by the Y + -directional self-lubricating square rod and the support frame 33, and the positioning guide 26 and the central cube square box 63 are centered along the Y + -directional square rod to achieve the centering connection at the Y + -directional square opening;
  • the frame 31 is connected in series with the Y + -direction boss 32 for applying the Y + -direction static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test specimen along the incident end of the Y + -direction square rod 34
  • the Y_direction square rod 43 is fixed by the Y_direction self-lubricating square rod fixation and the support frame 44, and the positioning guide 38 along the Y_direction square rod centering positioning guide 38 and the center cube box 63 are centered and connected in the Y_direction square opening;
  • the Y_direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 40 and the Y_direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 41 are placed inside the Y_direction confining pressure loading frame 37, and are placed at the incident end of the Y_direction square rod 43, and The incident end of 43 is free and tightly fitted, and the Y_direction confining pressure loading frame 37 is connected to the Ya_direction boss 42 for along the Y_
  • the connecting rod support rod 36 connects the fixed end baffle 35 loaded with confining pressure to the central cube box 63 to provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for the static confining pressure application.
  • the Z + -directional square rod 53 is fixed by the Z + -directional self-lubricating square rod and the support frame 52, and along Z +
  • the pressure loading frame 47 is connected in series, and the Z + -direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 49 and the Z + -direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 48 are placed in the Z + -direction confining pressure loading frame 47 and placed at the incident end of the Z + -direction square rod 53 , And fits freely and tightly with the incident end of the Z + direction square rod 53, and the Z + direction confining pressure loading frame 47 is connected in series with the Z + direction boss 51 for the incident end pair of the Z + direction square rod 53
  • the test specimen is applied with Z + static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load;
  • Z + vertical fixation and support frame 50 are connected with the central cube box 63 to provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for Z + static confining pressure application .
  • the Z-direction square rod 60 is fixed by the Z-direction self-lubricating square rod and the support frame 55, and the positioning guide rail 59 and the central cube box 63 are aligned along the Z square rod to achieve the centering connection at the Z _ square opening; Z _ to electromagnetic
  • the pulse excitation cavity 57 and the Z_direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 62 are placed inside the Z_direction confining pressure loading frame 58, and placed at the incident end of the Z-direction square rod 60, and free from the incident end of the Z-direction square rod 60
  • the Z _ confining pressure loading frame 58 is connected to the _ direction boss 61 for applying Z _ static static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test sample along the incident end of the Z-directional square rod 60;
  • the vertical vertical fixing and supporting frame 56 is connected with the central cube square box 63 to provide a fixing frame and a reaction force supporting system for applying Z_ to static confining pressure.
  • the boss is arranged at the incident end of the square rod, and the distance from the end is about 3% to 7% of the rod length
  • the X + -directed Hopkinson rod system is excited by the X + -direction loading end baffle 3, the X + -direction loading hydraulic cylinder 2, the X + -direction loading actuator 4, the X + -direction electromagnetic pulse excitation Cavity 6, X + direction connecting rod support rod 9, X + direction square rod 10, X + direction self-lubricating square rod fixing and support frame 11, X + direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 5 and X + direction square rod centering positioning guide 12 constitutes; wherein X + X + by the rod 10 fixed to the support frame and the self-lubricating square bar 11 is fixed to a square, and the square bar in the X + direction of the positioning guide 12 and the center of the cube in the X + direction to the tank 63 square The opening realizes the centering connection; X + confining pressure loads the hydraulic cylinder 2 and X + confining pressure loads the actuator 4 and X + confining pressures The loading frame 7 is connected in series, and the X + confining pressure
  • the baffle 3 is connected to the central cube square box 63 to provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for the application of static confining pressure to X + .
  • the X-direction square rod 21 is fixed by the X-direction self-lubricating square rod and the support frame 18, and the positioning guide rail 15 and the center cube box 63 are aligned along the X_direction square rod to achieve the centering connection at the X_direction square opening;
  • the pulse excitation cavity 14 and the X_direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame 19 are placed inside the X_direction confining pressure loading frame 17 and placed at the incident end of the X-direction square rod 21, and are free from the incident end of the X-direction square rod 21
  • the X _ confining pressure loading frame 17 is connected to the _ direction boss 20, which is used to apply X _ static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test sample along the incident end of the square rod 21 in the X direction;
  • X The _direction link support rod 16 connects the X_direction confining pressure loading fixed end baffle 13 with the central cube square box 63 to provide a
  • the apparatus and installed cube sample 64 the high-pressure pipe is opened, through the inlet port to the X + 2 oil-filled hydraulic cylinder to load the confining pressure, the above manner to promote X + confining pressure to the actuator 4 is loaded forwardly Movement, and contact with X + confining pressure loading frame 7; continue to apply oil pressure to push X + confining pressure loading actuator 4 to move forward, transmitting axial pressure through boss 8 to X + direction square rod 10, In turn, it acts on the cubic sample 64, subjecting it to precise static confining pressure.
  • the cubic sample 64 can be loaded with synchronous and accurate true three-axis static confining pressure, and the confining pressure can be servo-controlled.
  • Controlled and pulse width adjustable impact load, and the impact load can be three-way simultaneous loading or differential delay loading in each direction, and can also achieve single-axis two-way and dual-axis four-way synchronous control precise loading.

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Abstract

三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统,方形杆(10、21、34、43、53、60)由自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架(11、18、33、44、52、55)固定,方形杆(10、21、34、43、53、60)与中心立方体方箱(63)于方形开口实现对中连接;围压加载液压油缸(2、24、45)和围压加载作动器(4、27、46)与围压加载框(7、31、47)串联组合,电磁脉冲激发腔(6、14、29、40、49、57)放置在围压加载框(7、17、31、37、47、58)内,且与方形杆(10、21、34、43、53、60)的入射端自由且紧密的贴合,围压加载框(7、17、31、37、47、58)与凸台(8、20、32、42、51、61)串联连接,凸台(8、20、32、42、51、61)安置于方形杆(10、21、34、43、53、60)入射端。凸台(8、20、32、42、51、61)的设置可实现给测试试样(64)施加静态围压后还能保证霍普金森压杆入射端为自由端,解决了传统动静组合霍普金森杆系统施加静态预应力后,无法保证霍普金森入射杆端部处于自由状态的问题,从而为后续施加电磁激发应力脉冲以及原位保压条件下的超声波测试提供测试条件。

Description

三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及岩石、 混凝土、 聚合物等材料的动态力学性能测试, 尤其涉及基于 霍普金森杆动静组合加载条件下材料的力学性能测试系统。
背景技术
[0002] 5见有的岩石、 混凝土等材料的动力学试验装置有一维霍普金森杆、 动静组合加 载三轴霍普金森杆、 一维霍普金森束杆、 基于真三轴静载的岩石霍普金森杆。 基于霍普金森杆装置的对岩石、 混凝土等材料动力学特性的研究方法, 加载方 式最初只有一维冲击加载, 然后有预加静态围压的一维冲击加载。
[0003] 在复杂的工程问题中, 岩石、 混凝土等材料经常受到多向冲击荷载或者三向不 等的地应力, 并且岩石、 混凝土等材料受到的双轴或者三轴冲击荷载可能是各 向同时加载也可能是各向差分延时的 (例如爆破过程中的毫秒延时爆破) 。 目 前国内外对岩石、 混凝土等材料在冲击加载下的动力学特性的研究装置只能实 现单向和环向等围压的动静组合加载。 专利号为 201620574575.9的实用新型介绍 了一种真三轴霍普金森压杆装置, 该装置给岩石类试样同时施加三向静态预应 力(三个主方向的应力满足: 0^ 02# CT3)后, 并对试样进行单向冲击加载, 可实 5见预加静态真三轴应力状态下岩石类试样的单向冲击加载。 然而单向冲击加载 的三轴霍普金森杆测试无法真实的反映岩石、 混凝土等材料多向同时或者延时 冲击加载的动态力学行为, 这是现有装置急需攻克的技术问题。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明的目的是提供一种可以实现真三轴超高静态和动态载荷同步加载, 并实 现测试过程中围压的伺服控制的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统。 [0005] 三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统的动静载荷同步伺服控制 装置包括凸台、 挡板、 围压加载液压油缸与围压加载框。 凸台是该装置的创新 要点。 三轴六向霍普金森杆系统的每个方向均为单轴双向液压加载系统, 单轴 双向液压加载系统置于支撑平台上, 中心支撑平台上放置中心立方体方箱, 中 心立方体方箱的六个面分别预留方形孔和观察孔, 方形孔中放置 X、 Y、 Z方向 的方形杆, 方形杆上靠近入射应力波加载端的一侧均设置一个凸台, 凸台离方 形杆入射应力波加载端的距离可为方形杆长度的 3%至 7%, 凸台的长度可为方形 杆长度的 1.5%至 4%, 凸台的直径可为方形杆横截面边长的 1.5至 2.5倍。 以 X +方 向为例, 打开高压油管, 通过进油口给 X +向围压加载液压油缸 2充油, 推动 X + 向围压加载作动器 4向前运动, 并与 X +
向围压加载框 7接触; 继续施加油压推动 X +向围压加载作动器 4向前移动, 将轴 向压力通过凸台 8传递至 X +方向方形杆 10, 进而作用到立方体试样 64上, 使其受 到精准静态围压。 同理, Y、 Z方向静态围压加载原理与 X方向相同。 待 X、 Y、
Z三向围压施加完毕后, 即可通过放置于方形杆入射端的电磁脉冲激发腔对试样 施加动态应力脉冲。 动态冲击加载过程, 利用伺服液压控制系统中的精密位移 传感器和精密压力传感器, 将冲击过程中方形杆的位移信号和压力信号传输至 围压加载系统的工控机实现对加载油缸的位移和加载力大小的精准控制, 从而 保证测试试样动态冲击加载过程静态围压始终维持在一相对稳定的应力值, 实 现静态围压伺服控制。
[0006] 为了解决现有技术中问题, 本发明提供了一种三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载 荷同步伺服控制系统, 所述测试系统设有中心立方体方箱、 水平十字支撑平台 、 中心支撑平台; 中心立方体方箱 Z+向完全开口, 沿 X+向、 X-向、 Y+向、 Y-向 、 和 Z-向分别于方箱正中间位置设置方形开口, 且方形开口尺寸与方形杆尺寸相 同; 中心立方体方箱置于中心支撑平台的上表面正中心, 且与水平十字支撑平 台构成正交坐标系用于三轴六向霍普金森杆系统的精准定位和对中; 以中心立 方体方箱为对称中心, 水平十字支撑平台上分别对称布置 X+向、 X-向、 Y+向、 Y-向围压加载液压油缸、 围压加载作动器、 围压加载框、 电磁脉冲激发腔、 凸 台、 方形杆以及自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架; 水平十字支撑平台中心的上下分 别设置 Z+向和 Z-向围压加载液压油缸、 围压加载作动器、 围压加载框、 电磁脉 冲激发腔、 凸台、 方形杆以及自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架, X+向、 X-向、 Y+向 、 Y-向、 Z+向和 Z-向六组系统共同构成三轴六向霍普金森杆系统;
[0007] 方形杆由自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架固定, 方形杆与中心立方体方箱于方形开 口实现对中连接; 围压加载液压油缸和围压加载作动器与围压加载框串联组合 , 电磁脉冲激发腔放置在围压加载框内, 并放置于方形杆的入射端, 且与方形 杆的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, 围压加载框与凸台串联连接, 凸台安置于方形 杆入射端, 距离端部为杆长的 3%至 7%处。 。
[0008] 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述凸台距离方形杆入射应力波加载端的距离为方 形杆长度的 3%至 7%。
[0009] 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述凸台的长度为方形杆长度的 1.5%至 4%。
[0010] 作为本发明的进一步改进, 所述凸台的直径为方形杆横截面边长的 1.5至 2.5倍
[0011] 作为本发明的进一步改进, 还包括方形杆对中定位导轨, 方形杆沿方形杆对中 定位导轨与中心立方体方箱于方形开口实现对中连接。
[0012] 作为本发明的进一步改进, 还包括电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 所述电磁脉冲激发 腔支撑架放置在围压加载框内, 且放置于方形杆的入射端, 所述电磁脉冲激发 腔支撑架支撑所述电磁脉冲激发腔。
[0013] 作为本发明的进一步改进, X+向、 X-向、 Y+向、 Y-向分别设有连杆支撑杆和 围压加载端挡板和围压加载固定端挡板, 所述连杆支撑杆将围压加载端挡板和 围压加载固定端挡板与中心立方体方箱连接起来。
[0014] 作为本发明的进一步改进, Z+向和 Z-向分别设有竖向固定与支撑框架, 所述 竖向固定与支撑框架与中心立方体方箱连接起来为 Z+向和 Z-向静态围压施加提 供固定框架与反力支撑系统。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0015] 本发明的有益效果是:
[0016] 凸台的设置可实现给测试试样施加静态围压后还能保证霍普金森压杆入射端为 自由端, 解决了传统动静组合霍普金森杆系统施加静态预应力后, 无法保证霍 普金森入射杆和透射杆端部处于自由状态的问题, 从而为后续施加电磁激发应 力脉冲以及原位保压条件下的超声波测试提供测试条件。
[0017] 静态真三轴同步伺服控制围压加载系统可以实现霍普金森压杆测试系统真三轴 静态围压同步加载, 并实现测试过程中围压的伺服控制 (位移控制和应力控制
[0018] 本发明可实现 300MPa超高静态围压 (模拟 10000米深度地应力) 真三轴加载, 解决了无法施加超高压静态围压模拟 10000米深地应力的缺陷。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0019] 图 1是三轴六向同步协调控制电磁加载霍普金森杆系统三维示意图;
[0020] 图 2是 X向单轴双向液压加载系统主视图;
[0021] 图 3是 X向单轴双向液压加载系统俯视图;
[0022] 图 4是方形杆与凸台构造三维示意图;
[0023] 图 5是方形杆与凸台构造二维主视图;
[0024] 图 6是方形杆与凸台构造二维左视图;
[0025] 图 7是凸台构造与围压加载系统连接三维示意图;
[0026] 图 8是凸台构造与围压加载系统连接二维主视图。
[0027] 图中标号对应部件名称如下:
[0028] 1_X+向支撑平台, 2 _X+向围压加载液压油缸, 3 _X+向围压加载端挡板, 4_X + 向围压加载作动器, 5 _X+向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 6 X
向电磁脉冲激发腔, 7_X+向围压加载框, 8_X+向凸台, 9 _X+向连杆支撑杆, 10 X +向方形杆, 11 _X +向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架, 12 _X +向方形杆对中定位 导轨, 13 _X_向围压加载固定端挡板, 14 _X_向电磁脉冲激发腔, 15_X_向方形杆 对中定位导轨, 16 _X_向连杆支撑杆, 17 _X_向围压加载框, 18_X_向自润滑方形 杆固定和支撑架, 19 _X_向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 20_X_向凸台, 21_X_向方形 杆, 22_X_向支撑平台, 23 _Y+向围压加载端挡板, 24 _Y+向围压加载液压油缸 , 25_Y+向支撑平台, 26 _Y+向方形杆对中定位导轨, 27 _Y+向围压加载作动器 , 28 _Y+向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 29 _Y+向电磁脉冲激发腔, 30_Y+向连杆支 撑杆, 31 _Y+向围压加载框, 32_Y+向凸台, 33 _Y+向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑 架, 34_Y+向方形杆, 35 _Y_向围压加载固定端挡板, 36_Y_向连杆支撑杆, 37_ Y 向围压加载框, 38 _Y_向方形杆对中定位导轨, 39_Y_向支撑平台, 40_Y_向 电磁脉冲激发腔, 41 _Y_向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 42_Y_向凸台, 43_Y_向方形 杆, 44 _Y_向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架, 45 _Z+向围压加载液压油缸, 46_Z+向 围压加载作动器, 47 _Z+向围压加载框, 48 _Z+向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 49 Z + 向电磁脉冲激发腔, 50 _Z+向竖向固定与支撑框架, 51_Z+向凸台, 52_Z+向自润 滑方形杆固定和支撑架, 53_Z+向方形杆, 54 _Z+向方形杆对中定位导轨, 55 Z 向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架, 56 _Z _向竖向固定与支撑框架, 57 _Z _向电磁脉 冲激发腔, 58 _Z_向围压加载框, 59 _Z_向方形杆对中定位导轨, 60_Z_向方形杆 , 61_Z_向凸台, 62 _Z_向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 63 _中心立方体方箱, 64_立方 体试样, 65 _中心支撑平台。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0029] 下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
[0030] 图 1为三轴六向同步协调控制电磁加载霍普金森杆系统三维图。 试验装置置于 水平十字支撑平台上, 该平台包括 X+向支撑平台 1、 X_向支撑平台 22、 Y+向支 撑平台 25和¥_向支撑平台 39以及中心支撑平台 65。 中心立方体方箱 63上表面 ( 沿 Z+向) 完全开口, 沿 X+向、 X_向、 Y+向、 Y_向、 和 _向分别于中心立方体 方箱正中间位置设置方形开口, 且方形开口尺寸与方形杆尺寸相同; 中心立方 体方箱 63置于中心支撑平台 65的上表面正中心, 且与水平十字支撑平台构成正 交坐标系用于三轴六向霍普金森杆系统的精准定位和对中。
[0031] 以中心立方体方箱 63为对称中心, 分别对称布置 X+向、 X_向、 Y^、 Y_ 向、 Z+向和 z_向围压加载系统、 电磁脉冲激发腔、 方形杆以及自润滑方形杆固 定和支撑架, 构成三轴六向霍普金森杆系统。 其中 X +向方形杆 10由 X +向自润滑 方形杆固定和支撑架 11固定, 并沿 X +向方形杆对中定位导轨 12与中心立方体方 箱 63于 X +向方形开口实现对中连接; X +向围压加载液压油缸 2和 X +向围压加载 作动器 4与 X +向围压加载框 7串联组合, X +向电磁脉冲激发腔 6与 X +向电磁脉冲 激发腔支撑架 5放置在 X +向围压加载框 7内, 并放置于 X +向方形杆 10的入射端, 且与 X +向方形杆 10的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, X +向围压加载框 7与 X +向凸台 8 串联连接, 用于沿 X +向方形杆 10的入射端对测试试样施加 X +向静态围压和动态 应力脉冲荷载; X +向连杆支撑杆 9将 X +向围压加载端挡板 3与中心立方体方箱 63 连接起来为 X +向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 X _
向方形杆 21由 X _向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架 18固定, 并沿 X _向方形杆对中定 位导轨 15与中心立方体方箱 63于 X _向方形开口实现对中连接; X _向电磁脉冲激 发腔 14与 X _向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 19置于 X _
向围压加载框 17内部, 并放置于 X 向方形杆 21的入射端, 且与 X 向方形杆 21的 入射端自由且紧密的贴合, X _向围压加载框 17与 _向凸台 20连接, 用于沿 X 向 方形杆 21的入射端对测试试样施加 X _向静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; X _向连 杆支撑杆 16将 X 向围压加载固定端挡板 13与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 X 向 静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Y +向方形杆 34由 Y +向自润滑方形 杆固定和支撑架 33固定, 并沿 Y +向方形杆对中定位导轨 26与中心立方体方箱 63 于 Y +向方形开口实现对中连接; Y +向围压加载液压油缸 24和 Y +向围压加载作动 器 27与 Y +向围压加载框 31串联组合, Y +向电磁脉冲激发腔 29与 Y +向电磁脉冲激 发腔支撑架 28放置在 Y +向围压加载框 31内, 并放置于 Y +向方形杆 34的入射端, 且与 Y +向方形杆 34的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, Y +向围压加载框 31与 Y + 向凸台 32串联连接, 用于沿 Y +向方形杆 34的入射端对测试试样施加 Y +向静态围 压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y +向连杆支撑杆 30将 Y +向围压加载端挡板 23与中心立 方体方箱 63连接起来为 Y +向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Y _向 方形杆 43由 Y _向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架 44固定, 并沿 Y _向方形杆对中定位 导轨 38与中心立方体方箱 63于 Y _向方形开口实现对中连接; Y _向电磁脉冲激发 腔 40与 Y _向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 41置于 Y _向围压加载框 37内部, 并放置于丫 _ 向方形杆 43的入射端, 且与 Y 向方形杆 43的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, Y _向围 压加载框 37与丫_向凸台 42连接, 用于沿 Y _
向方形杆 43的入射端对测试试样施加 Y _向静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y _向 连杆支撑杆 36将 Y _向围压加载固定端挡板 35与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 Y _ 向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Z +向方形杆 53由 Z +向自润滑方 形杆固定和支撑架 52固定, 并沿 Z +
向方形杆对中定位导轨 54与中心立方体方箱 63于 Z +向方形开口实现对中连接; Z +向围压加载液压油缸 45和 Z +向围压加载作动器 46与 Z +向围压加载框 47串联组合 , Z +向电磁脉冲激发腔 49与 Z +向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 48放置在 Z +向围压加载 框 47内, 并放置于 Z +向方形杆 53的入射端, 且与 Z +向方形杆 53的入射端自由且 紧密的贴合, Z +向围压加载框 47与 Z +向凸台 51串联连接, 用于沿 Z +向方形杆 53 的入射端对测试试样施加 Z +向静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Z +向竖向固定与 支撑框架 50与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 Z +向静态围压施加提供固定框架与 反力支撑系统。 Z 向方形杆 60由 Z 向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架 55固定, 并沿 Z 方形杆对中定位导轨 59与中心立方体方箱 63于 Z _向方形开口实现对中连接; Z _向电磁脉冲激发腔 57与 Z _向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 62置于 Z _向围压加载框 58内 部, 并放置于 Z 向方形杆 60的入射端, 且与 Z 向方形杆 60的入射端自由且紧密 的贴合, Z _向围压加载框 58与 _向凸台 61连接, 用于沿 Z 向方形杆 60的入射端 对测试试样施加 Z _向静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Z _
向竖向固定与支撑框架 56与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 Z _向静态围压施加提 供固定框架与反力支撑系统。
[0032] 如图 4至图 6所示, 凸台安置于方形杆入射端, 距离端部约为杆长的 3%至 7%处
[0033] 本发明专利三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统的工作原理为 (取 X向单轴双向液压加载系统为例) :
[0034] X +向霍普金森杆系由 X +向围压加载端挡板 3、 X +向围压加载液压油缸 2、 X +向 围压加载作动器 4、 X +向电磁脉冲激发腔 6、 X +向连杆支撑杆 9、 X +向方形杆 10 、 X +向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架 11、 X +向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 5和 X +向方 形杆对中定位导轨 12构成; 其中 X +向方形杆 10由 X +向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑 架 11固定, 并沿 X +向方形杆对中定位导轨 12与中心立方体方箱 63于 X +向方形开 口实现对中连接; X +向围压加载液压油缸 2和 X +向围压加载作动器 4与 X +向围压 加载框 7串联组合, X +向围压加载框 7与 X +向凸台 8串联连接, 用于沿 X +向方形 杆 10的入射端对测试试样施加 X +静态围压, X +向电磁脉冲激发腔 6与 X +向电磁 脉冲激发腔支撑架 5放置在 X +向围压加载框 7内, 并放置于 X +向方形杆 10的入射 端, 且与 X +向方形杆 10的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, 用于沿 X +向方形杆 10的入 射端对测试试样施加 X +向动态应力脉冲荷载; X +向连杆支撑杆 9将 X +向围压加 载端挡板 3与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 X +向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反 力支撑系统。 X 向方形杆 21由 X 向自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架 18固定, 并沿 X _ 向方形杆对中定位导轨 15与中心立方体方箱 63于 X _向方形开口实现对中连接; X 电磁脉冲激发腔 14与 X _向电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 19置于 X _向围压加载框 17内 部, 并放置于 X 向方形杆 21的入射端, 且与 X 向方形杆 21的入射端自由且紧密 的贴合, X _向围压加载框 17与 _向凸台 20连接, 用于沿 X 向方形杆 21的入射端 对测试试样施加 X _静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; X _向连杆支撑杆 16将 X _向围 压加载固定端挡板 13与中心立方体方箱 63连接起来为 X 向静态围压施加提供固 定框架与反力支撑系统。
[0035] 按以上方式安装好装置和立方体试样 64后, 打开高压油管, 通过进油口给 X + 向围压加载液压油缸 2充油, 推动 X +向围压加载作动器 4向前运动, 并与 X +向围 压加载框 7接触; 继续施加油压推动 X +向围压加载作动器 4向前移动, 将轴向压 力通过凸台 8传递至 X +方向方形杆 10, 进而作用到立方体试样 64上, 使其受到精 准静态围压。 立方体试样 64可以受到同步精准真三轴静态围压加载, 且围压可 以是伺服控制的。 X +向方形杆 10、 X 向方形杆 21远离立方体试样 64的一侧均为 自由端, 可以在 X +向方形杆 10、 X 向方形杆 21两侧通过电磁脉冲激发腔施加幅 值可控、 脉宽可调的冲击荷载, 并且冲击荷载可以是三向同时加载或者各向差 分延时加载, 同时也可以实现单轴双向和双轴四向同步控制精准加载。
[0036] 以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明, 不能认 定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术 人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换, 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控制系统, 其特征在 于: 所述测试系统设有中心立方体方箱、 水平十字支撑平台、 中心支 撑平台; 中心立方体方箱 Z +向完全开口, 沿 X +向、 X _向、 Y +向、 Y _向、 和 _向分别于方箱正中间位置设置方形开口, 且方形开口尺寸 与方形杆尺寸相同; 中心立方体方箱置于中心支撑平台的上表面正中 心, 且与水平十字支撑平台构成正交坐标系用于三轴六向霍普金森杆 系统的精准定位和对中; 以中心立方体方箱为对称中心, 水平十字支 撑平台上分别对称布置 X +向、 X _向、 Y +向、 Y _向围压加载液压油缸 、 围压加载作动器、 围压加载框、 电磁脉冲激发腔、 凸台、 方形杆以 及自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架; 水平十字支撑平台中心的上下分别设 置 Z +向和 Z 向围压加载液压油缸、 围压加载作动器、 围压加载框、 电磁脉冲激发腔、 凸台、 方形杆以及自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架, X +向、 X _向、 Y +向、 Y _向、 Z +向和 Z 向六组系统共同构成三轴六向 霍普金森杆系统;
方形杆由自润滑方形杆固定和支撑架固定, 方形杆与中心立方体方箱 于方形开口实现对中连接; 围压加载液压油缸和围压加载作动器与围 压加载框串联组合, 电磁脉冲激发腔放置在围压加载框内, 并放置于 方形杆的入射端, 且与方形杆的入射端自由且紧密的贴合, 围压加载 框与凸台串联连接, 凸台安置于方形杆入射端, 距离端部为杆长的 3 %至7%处。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: 所述凸台距离方形杆入射应力波加载端的距离 为方形杆长度的 3%至 7%。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: 所述凸台的长度为方形杆长度的 1.5%至 4%。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: 所述凸台的直径为方形杆横截面边长的 1.5至 2. 5倍。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: 还包括方形杆对中定位导轨, 方形杆沿方形杆 对中定位导轨与中心立方体方箱于方形开口实现对中连接。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: 还包括电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 所述电磁脉冲 激发腔支撑架放置在围压加载框内, 且放置于方形杆的入射端, 所述 电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架支撑所述电磁脉冲激发腔。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: X +向、 X _向、 Y +向、 Y _向分别设有连杆支撑 杆和围压加载端挡板和围压加载固定端挡板, 所述连杆支撑杆将围压 加载端挡板和围压加载固定端挡板与中心立方体方箱连接起来。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的三轴六向霍普金森压杆的动静载荷同步伺服控 制系统, 其特征在于: Z +向和 z _向分别设有竖向固定与支撑框架, 所述竖向固定与支撑框架与中心立方体方箱连接起来为 Z +向和 Z _向 静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。
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