WO2020134576A1 - 霍普金森束杆动态测试系统 - Google Patents
霍普金森束杆动态测试系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020134576A1 WO2020134576A1 PCT/CN2019/115477 CN2019115477W WO2020134576A1 WO 2020134576 A1 WO2020134576 A1 WO 2020134576A1 CN 2019115477 W CN2019115477 W CN 2019115477W WO 2020134576 A1 WO2020134576 A1 WO 2020134576A1
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- rod
- confining pressure
- beam rod
- hopkinson
- support
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the testing of dynamic mechanical properties of materials such as rocks, concrete, and polymers, and particularly to the testing and research of the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of large-size materials under dynamic and static combined loading conditions.
- the existing Hopkinson rod device at home and abroad has a one-dimensional Hopkinson rod, conventional three Axis Hopkinson rod, true three-axis rock Hopkinson rod and one-dimensional Hopkinson beam rod.
- the existing Hopkinson rod devices for testing the impact performance of materials such as rock and concrete at home and abroad have strict requirements on the size of the sample. Usually the diameter and length of the test sample are less than 50 mm, and it is impossible to carry out Study on the dynamic characteristics of large-size (eg, 2100 mm diameter) specimens under impact loading conditions. In fact, materials such as rock and concrete are heterogeneous materials, and their dynamic response has obvious anisotropy and non-uniform deformation characteristics. 5 See the Hopkinson rod device test, using small size (usually sample diameter ⁇ 50 mm) sample, think that the test sample dynamic response is isotropic and uniform, can not truly reflect the real rock, concrete and other materials Dynamic Response.
- the existing Hopkinson rod device technology can only carry out the dynamic characteristics of rock and concrete and other materials under one-dimensional impact loading or one-dimensional impact loading with static confining pressure.
- the material is not only subjected to the impact load in a single direction, but also subjected to the impact load in the biaxial or triaxial six directions. 5 See the device technology cannot carry out the dynamic impact test research under this working condition.
- the Hopkinson beam rod dynamic test system is a technology based on a three-axis six-way synchronous coordinated control of the electromagnetic loading Hopkinson rod system.
- the beam loading system of the Hopkinson beam beam dynamic test system is composed of a small size (side length S 50 mm) beam beam, beam beam fixing and supporting frame and strain monitoring element.
- the small beams in the X direction and the Y direction are placed horizontally, and the small beams in the Z direction are placed vertically.
- the single beams are bundled symmetrically through the beam fixing and the support frame to form a large square beam.
- 1 mm to 2 mm gap is reserved between each single rod, which is convenient for the connection of resistance strain gauges and wires on each single rod, and can ensure that the stress waves propagate in parallel in each small-sized square rod and do not interfere with each other.
- the cross-sectional area and length of the beams in the three-axis six-way beam system are the same, and the dynamic stress wave propagation law and dynamic response signal monitoring method in each beam are the same.
- each small size single rod of the X + beam beam and the small size single rod at each relative position of the X beam beam form a pair to satisfy the one-dimensional stress wave propagation condition ()'S Hopkinson rod, where and represent the incident wave in the X + direction and X _ direction single rod, respectively, and represent the reflected wave in the X + direction and X _ direction small rod, respectively, where X + direction
- the reflected wave of the incident wave on the rod and the surface of the sample (back to the X + rod) is superimposed with the transmitted wave of the _ direction incident wave passing through the sample and transmitted to the X + direction rod.
- the reflected wave from the rod and the surface of the sample (returned to the X_direction rod) and the X + incident wave passing through the sample and transmitted to the X_direction rod are superimposed.
- the X + direction and X _ direction beam rods are composed of multiple small-size single rods with the same cross-section, and each small-sized single rod is attached with a strain gauge in the test to test the incident wave signal and reflected wave in the single rod Signal and transmitted wave signal.
- the strain gauge signals on each single rod can calculate the incident strain-time process curve and reflection in each small square rod
- the strain-time process curve and the transmission strain-time process curve can further obtain the local dynamic stress-strain response of the rock or concrete material samples corresponding to the position of each small-size single rod.
- the average stress and average strain of the sample can be further obtained through related theories, and the overall dynamic mechanical properties of materials such as heterogeneous rock or concrete under different impact strain rates can be studied.
- the Hopkinson beam rod dynamic test system implements a three-dimensional impact test of large-scale rock, concrete and other materials under true triaxial pre-stressed static stress, making the test results more practically meaningful.
- the large-size beam is composed of a combination of small-size single rods, which can not only realize the dynamic impact test of large-scale specimens of rocks and concrete, but also eliminate the dispersion effect of stress wave propagation in a single large-size square rod and Inertial effect, and can test the stress-strain characteristics of different parts of the sample.
- the patent of the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the existing Hopkinson rod that cannot carry out the dynamic mechanical property test of large-scale rock or concrete materials, and makes up for the fact that the existing Hopkinson rod test process cannot effectively obtain the test Insufficient local dynamic stress-strain response characteristics.
- the structural design of the positioning guide centering box can ensure the rapid and accurate positioning and centering installation of test materials such as rock and concrete.
- FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the Hopkinson beam rod system
- FIG. 2 is a top view of the Hopkinson beam rod system
- FIG. 3 is a front view of the Hopkinson beam rod system
- FIG. 4 is a front view of a combined installation of X _ to confining pressure loading hydraulic cylinder, confining pressure loading actuator and annular electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity (middle cut);
- FIG. 5 is a two-part schematic diagram of the positioning guide centering box
- FIG. 6 is an overall schematic view of a positioning guide centering box.
- Toroidal electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 6-X + to link support rod, 7-X + to beam beam, 8-X + to self-lubricating beam rod fixing and support frame, 9-X + to ring electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support Frame, 10-X + aligning guide rail for beam tie-in, 11-X _ loading fixed end baffle to confining pressure, 12- _ loading hydraulic cylinder to confining pressure, 13-X _ loading actuator to confining pressure, 14 -X _excited to the ring electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity, 15-X _ Ring-shaped electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity support frame, 16-x_ direction support platform, nX direction link support bar, 18-X_ direction beam rod, 191_ direction self-lubricating beam rod fixing and support frame, 201_ direction beam rod centering Positioning guide rail, 21-Y + support platform, 22-Y + load hydraulic cylinder to confining pressure, 23-Y + fixed end stopper to confining pressure, 24-Y + loading actuator to confining pressure, 25-Y + Toroidal electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity
- FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the Hopkinson beam rod system, the test device is placed on a horizontal cross support platform, the platform from X + to support platform 1, X_ to support platform 16, Y + to support platform 21 and The ⁇ _ support platform 31 and the center support platform 61 are comprised.
- the upper surface (along Z + direction) of the central cube square box 59 is completely open, and square openings are provided in the middle of the central cube square box 59 along the X + direction, X_ direction, Y + direction, Y_ direction, and _ direction, respectively.
- the central cube box 59 is placed at the center of the upper surface of the center support platform 61, and forms an orthogonal coordinate system with the horizontal cross support platform for the accuracy of the three-axis six-way beam rod system Positioning and centering.
- the central cube box 59 as the center of symmetry, symmetrically arrange X + Direction, x _ direction, Y + direction, Y _ direction, Z + direction and Z _ direction confining pressure loading system, ring-shaped electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity, beam rod and self-lubricating beam rod fixing and supporting frame, forming a three-axis six-directional Huo Pukinson beam system.
- X + -directed Hopkinson rod system from X + to confining pressure fixed end baffle 2, X + to confining pressure hydraulic cylinder 3, X + to confining pressure actuator 4, X + to annular electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 5.
- the positioning guide rail 10 is composed of; the X + direction beam rod 7 is fixed by the X + direction self-lubricating beam rod and the support frame 8, and the positioning guide rail 10 and the central cube square box 59 are centered along the X + direction beam rod in the X + direction square achieve connection opening; loading hydraulic cylinder 3 X + and X + is loaded to the confining pressure actuator 4 and the confining pressure + X
- the _direction beam rod 18 is fixed by the _directional self-lubricating beam rod fixing and the support frame 19, and the positioning guide rail 20 and the central cube square box 59 are centered along the X_direction beam rod to achieve the centering connection in the _directional square opening;
- the confining pressure hydraulic cylinder 12 and the X_confining pressure loading actuator 13 and the X_toroidal electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 are connected in series and placed at the incident end of the X_toward beam rod 18 for the X_directional beam rod 18
- X _ static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load are applied to the test end of the incident end;
- X _ direction connecting rod support rod 17 connects the X direction confining pressure to the fixed end baffle 11 and the central cube square box 59 to connect X _ direction Static confining pressure application provides a fixed frame and reaction force support system.
- the Y + -direction beam rod 29 is fixed by the Y + -direction self-lubricating beam rod fixation and the support frame 28, and the centering guide rail 30 and the central cube box 59 along the Y + -direction beam rod are centered in the Y + -directional square opening;
- Y + confining pressure hydraulic cylinder 22 and Y + confining pressure loading actuator 24 and Y + toroidal electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 26 are connected in series and placed at the incident end of the Y + to beam rod 29, for Y + direction
- the incident end of the beam rod 29 applies Y + static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test specimen;
- Y + connecting rod support rod 27 connects Y + confining pressure to the fixed end baffle 23 and the central cube box 59 Provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for Y + to apply static confining pressure.
- the Y _ bundle beam 38 is fixed by the Y directional self-lubricating bundle rod fixing and the support frame 39, and the positioning guide 40 along the Y _ bundle beam centering positioning guide 40 and the central cube square box 59 are centered in the Y _ square opening; Y The _ confining pressure hydraulic cylinder 33 and Y _ confining pressure loading actuator 34 and the Y _ direction annular electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 35 are connected in series and placed at the incident end of the Y _ direction beam rod 38 for the Y _ direction beam The incident end of the rod 38 applies a Y i confining confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load to the test specimen; Y _ to the connecting rod support rod 37 The Y-direction confining pressure loading fixed end baffle 32 is connected to the central cube square box 59 to provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for the application of static confining pressure.
- Z + beam 48 is from Z +
- the self-lubricating beam rod is fixed and the support frame 49 is fixed, and the positioning guide rail 47 and the central cube square box 59 are centered along the Z + direction beam rod to achieve a center connection at the Z + direction square opening;
- Z + and Z + 44 is the series combination of the excitation chamber 45 is placed in the Z-direction to an annular electromagnetic pulse actuator confining pressure loading incident end to the tow bar + 48, + Z direction for the test sample to the incident end 48 of the tow bar Z + static confining pressure and dynamic stress pulse load are applied;
- Z + vertical fixing and support frame 43 is connected with the central cube box 59 to provide a fixed frame and reaction force support system for Z + to apply static confining pressure.
- 2 _ To beam rod 57 is fixed by 2 _ self-lubricating beam rod fixing and support frame 58, and the positioning guide rail 56 and the center cube box 59 are centered along the Z _ beam rod to achieve the centering connection in the 2 _ square opening;
- Z _ confining pressure loading hydraulic cylinder 53 and Z _ confining pressure loading actuator 54 and Z _ direction annular electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 51 are connected in series and placed at the incident end of Z _ direction beam rod 57 for Z _ direction The incident end of the beam rod 57 applies Z
- Z _ vertical fixation is connected with the support frame 50 and the central cube box 59 to provide fixation for the application of static static confining pressure in Z direction Frame and reaction force support system.
- FIG. 4 is a front view (cutaway) of a combined installation of a hydraulic cylinder 12 loaded with confining pressure, an actuator 13 loaded with confined pressure X, and an electromagnetic pulse excitation chamber 14 with a circular direction.
- the X _ confining pressure hydraulic cylinder 12 and the X directional confining pressure actuator 13 form an X-directional confining pressure hydraulic loading system, and are fixed on the X-directional confining pressure loading fixed end baffle 11; the X-directional annular electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 placed in X _
- the X _ confining pressure loading actuator 13 extends into the annular opening of the right side of the X _ ring electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 and is connected to the left end of the X direction electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14
- the circular end faces are fit; during the test, X _ confining pressure loading hydraulic cylinder 12 and _ confining pressure loading actuator 13 face the X _ direction beam rod 18 through the left end circular end of X-directional ring electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 (Shown in FIG.
- the static confining pressure along the X direction is applied to the incident end; the X-direction electromagnetic electromagnetic pulse excitation cavity 14 loads the dynamic stress pulse along the _ direction beam rod 18 through its left circular end surface (FIG. 1 to attached) As shown in Fig. 3), the incident end is input and propagated to the inside of the test specimen 60 to apply a dynamic load in the X direction.
- the center cube square box 59 is provided with a positioning guide centering box.
- the positioning guide centering box is a cube.
- the six sides of the positioning guide centering box are reserved for square holes.
- the size of the square rod of the Pukinson rod is the same; the size of the inner cavity of the positioning guide centering box is the same as the size of the cubic sample, and the positioning guide pair
- the middle box is designed as symmetrical four parts.
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Abstract
一种霍普金森束杆动态测试系统,包括水平十字支撑平台、中心立方体方箱(59)、束杆(7,18,29,38,48,57)、束杆固定和支撑架(8,19,28,39,49,58);X方向束杆(7,18)和Y方向束杆(29,38)均为水平放置,Z方向束杆(48,57)为竖直放置,通过束杆固定和支撑架(8,19,28,39,49,58)整齐地将各个小尺寸单杆对称的捆绑起来构成较大尺寸的方形束杆(7,18,29,38,48,57);各单杆之间预留1mm至2mm的间隙,各个单杆上粘贴电阻应变片,各向束杆(7,18,29,38,48,57)的横截面积和长度均相等,并且各个束杆(7,18,29,38,48,57)内部动态应力波传播规律以及动态响应信号监测方式均相同。克服了现有霍普金森杆无法开展大尺寸岩石或混凝土等材料的动态力学特性测试的缺点,弥补了现有霍普金森杆测试过程无法有效的获取测试试样局部动态应力-应变响应特征的不足。
Description
霍普金森束杆动态测试系统 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及岩石、 混凝土、 聚合物等材料的动态力学性能测试, 尤其涉及大尺 寸材料的动静组合加载条件下的力学特性和破坏特征的测试与研究。
背景技术
[0002] 目前国内外对岩石、 混凝土等材料在冲击加载下的动力学特性的研究主要依赖 于霍普金森杆装置, 国内外现有的霍普金森杆装置有一维霍普金森杆、 常规三 轴霍普金森杆、 真三轴岩石霍普金森杆和一维霍普金森束杆。
[0003] 国内外现有的测试岩石、 混凝土等材料的冲击性能的霍普金森杆装置, 对试样 的尺寸有严格的要求, 通常测试试样的直径和长度均小于 50 mm, 无法开展更大 尺寸 (如直径 2100 mm) 试样冲击加载条件下的动力学特性研究。 事实上岩石、 混凝土等材料作为非均质材料, 其动态响应具有明显的各项异性和非均匀变形 特性。 5见有霍普金森杆装置测试时, 采用小尺寸 (通常试样直径<50 mm) 试样 , 认为测试试样动态响应各项同性且均匀, 无法真实的反映真实的岩石、 混凝 土等材料的动态响应。 另外现有霍普金森杆装置技术只能开展一维冲击加载或 预加静态围压的一维冲击加载下的岩石和混凝土等材料的动力学特性研究, 然 而在实际工程中, 岩石、 混凝土等材料不仅受单一方向的冲击荷载, 亦会受到 双轴或者三轴六向的冲击荷载作用, 5见有装置技术无法开展这种工况条件下的 动态冲击试验研究。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为了提高岩石、 混凝土等材料在冲击荷载作用下的动态力学性能试验精度, 获 取冲击加载过程中试样不同部位的动态应力-应变响应特征, 以便研究岩石、 混 凝土等材料在真三轴动静组合加载条件下的动态损伤各向异性特征和破坏规律
, 本发明专利提供了一种研究大尺寸岩石、 混凝土等材料测试试样在预加真三 轴静态荷载和多轴多向 (如单轴双向、 双轴四向和三轴六向) 同步冲击荷载共 同作用下的全局动态力学特性的测试系统。
[0005] 霍普金森束杆系统测试原理:
[0006] 霍普金森束杆动态测试系统是基于三轴六向同步协调控制电磁加载霍普金森杆 系统的一项技术。 霍普金森束杆动态测试系统的束杆加载系统由小尺寸 (边长 S 50 mm) 束杆、 束杆固定和支撑架和应变监测元件组成。 X方向和 Y方向各个小 尺寸束杆均为水平放置, Z方向各个小尺寸束杆均为竖直放置, 通过束杆固定和 支撑架整齐地将各个单杆对称的捆绑起来构成大尺寸方形束杆; 各单杆之间预 留 1 mm至 2 mm的间隙, 方便各个单杆上粘贴电阻应变片以及导线的连接, 并能 够保证应力波在各个小尺寸方杆中并行传播且互不干扰。 三轴六向束杆系统各 向束杆的横截面积和长度均相等, 并且各个束杆内部动态应力波传播规律以及 动态响应信号监测方式均相同。 以 X方向单轴双向束杆系统为例, 其 X +向束杆 的各个小尺寸单杆与 X 向束杆的各个相对位置处的小尺寸单杆分别组成一对满 足一维应力波传播条件()的霍普金森杆, 其中和分别表示 X +向和 X _向小尺寸单 杆的入射波, 和分别表示 X +向和 X _向小尺寸单杆的反射波, 其中由 X +向入射波 在杆和试样表面的反射波 (返回 X +向杆中) 和 _向入射波穿过试样后传递至 X + 向杆中的透射波叠加构成, 同理由 X _向入射波在杆和试样表面的反射波 (返回 X _向杆中) 和 X +向入射波穿过试样后传递至 X _向杆中的透射波叠加构成。 X + 向和 X _向束杆分别由多根相同横截面的小尺寸单杆构成, 试验测试中每根小尺 寸单杆均贴有应变片用于测试单杆中的入射波信号、 反射波信号和透射波信号 。 基于一维应力波传播理论, 根据多通道精准同步数据监测、 采集与观测系统 记录的各个单杆上的应变片信号便可以计算出每根小尺单方杆中的入射应变-时 间过程曲线、 反射应变-时间过程曲线和透射应变-时间过程曲线, 进而可以获得 每根小尺寸单杆对应位置的岩石或混凝土等材料试样的局部动态应力-应变响应 。 在此基础上进一步通过相关理论可以获得试样的平均应力和平均应变, 进而 可以研究不同冲击应变率下非均质岩石或混凝土等材料的整体动态力学特性。 发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0007] 本发明的有益效果是:
[0008] ( 1) 霍普金森束杆动态测试系统实现了开展真三轴预加静应力状态下大尺寸 岩石、 混凝土等材料的三维冲击试验, 使试验结果更具有实际工程意义。
[0009] (2) 由小尺寸单杆组合构成大尺寸束杆, 既能实现岩石和混凝土等材料大尺 寸试样动态冲击测试, 又能消除单一大尺寸方杆中应力波传播的弥散效应和惯 性效应, 并且可以测试试样不同部位的应力 -应变特征。
[0010] (3) 本发明专利克服了现有霍普金森杆无法开展大尺寸岩石或混凝土等材料 的动态力学特性测试的缺点, 弥补了现有霍普金森杆测试过程无法有效的获取 测试试样局部动态应力-应变响应特征的不足。
[0011] (4) 定位导向对中盒的结构设计可以确保岩石和混凝土等测试材料的快速精 准定位对中安装。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0012] 附图 1是霍普金森束杆系统三维示意图;
[0013] 附图 2是霍普金森束杆系统俯视图;
[0014] 附图 3是霍普金森束杆系统正视图;
[0015] 附图 4是 X _向围压加载液压油缸、 围压加载作动器与环形电磁脉冲激发腔组合 安装正视图 (中间剖切);
[0016] 图 5是定位导向对中盒下面的两部分示意图;
[0017] 图 6是定位导向对中盒整体示意图。
[0018] 图中各部件名称如下:
[0019] 1-X +向支撑平台, 2-X +向围压加载固定端挡板, 3-X +
向围压加载液压油缸, 4-X +向围压加载作动器, 5-X +
向环形电磁脉冲激发腔, 6-X +向连杆支撑杆, 7-X +向束杆, 8-X +向自润滑束杆 固定和支撑架, 9-X +向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 10-X +向束杆对中定位导轨 , 11-X _向围压加载固定端挡板, 12- _向围压加载液压油缸, 13-X _向围压加载 作动器, 14-X _向环形电磁脉冲激发腔, 15-X _
向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 16-x_向支撑平台, n-X 向连杆支撑杆, 18-X_ 向束杆, 191_向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 201_向束杆对中定位导轨, 21-Y + 向支撑平台, 22-Y+向围压加载液压油缸, 23-Y+向围压加载固定端挡板, 24-Y + 向围压加载作动器, 25-Y+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 26-Y+向环形电磁脉 冲激发腔, 27-Y+向连杆支撑杆, 28-Y+向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 29-Y+向束 杆, 30-Y+向束杆对中定位导轨, 31-Y_向支撑平台, 32-Y_向围压加载固定端挡 板, 33-丫_向围压加载液压油缸, 34-Y_向围压加载作动器, 35-Y_向环形电磁脉 冲激发腔, 36-Y_向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 37-¥_向连杆支撑杆, 38-¥_向 束杆, 39-¥_向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 40-¥_向束杆对中定位导轨, 41-Z+向 围压加载液压油缸, 42-Z+向围压加载固定端挡板, 43-Z+向竖向固定与支撑框 架, 44-Z+向围压加载作动器, 45-Z+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔, 46-Z+向环形电磁 脉冲激发腔支撑架, 47-Z+向束杆对中定位导轨, 48-Z+向束杆, 49-Z+向自润滑 束杆固定和支撑架, 50-Z_向竖向固定与支撑框架, 517_向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 , 52-Z_向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架, 537_向围压加载液压油缸, 54-Z_向围 压加载作动器, 55-Z_向围压加载端支架, 567_向束杆对中定位导轨, 577_向 束杆, 58-Z- 向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 59 -中心立方体方箱, 60 -测试试样, 61 -中心支撑 平台。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0020] 下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
[0021] 附图 1为霍普金森束杆系统三维图, 试验装置置于水平十字支撑平台上, 该平 台由 X+向支撑平台 1、 X_向支撑平台 16、 Y+向支撑平台 21和¥_向支撑平台 31以 及中心支撑平台 61构成。 中心立方体方箱 59上表面 (沿 Z+向) 完全开口, 沿 X + 向、 X_向、 Y+向、 Y_向、 和 _向分别于中心立方体方箱 59正中间位置设置方形 开口, 且方形开口尺寸与束杆尺寸相同; 中心立方体方箱 59置于中心支撑平台 6 1的上表面正中心, 且与水平十字支撑平台构成正交坐标系用于三轴六向束杆系 统的精准定位和对中。 以中心立方体方箱 59为对称中心, 分别对称布置 X +
向、 x _向、 Y +向、 Y _向、 Z +向和 Z _向围压加载系统、 环形电磁脉冲激发腔、 束 杆以及自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 构成三轴六向霍普金森束杆系统。 X +向霍普 金森杆系由 X +向围压加载固定端挡板 2、 X +向围压加载液压油缸 3、 X +向围压加 载作动器 4、 X +向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 5、 X +向连杆支撑杆 6、 X +向束杆 7、 X + 向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 8、 X +向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 9和 X +向束杆对 中定位导轨 10构成; 其中 X +向束杆 7由 X +向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 8固定, 并 沿 X +向束杆对中定位导轨 10与中心立方体方箱 59于 X +向方形开口实现对中连接 ; X +向围压加载液压油缸 3和 X +向围压加载作动器 4与 X +
向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 5串联组合 (如附图 2所示) 放置于 X +向束杆 7的入射端, 用于沿 X +向束杆 7的入射端对测试试样施加 X +静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; X +向连杆支撑杆 6将 X +向围压加载固定端挡板 2与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 X + 向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 _向束杆18由 _向自润滑束杆 固定和支撑架 19固定, 并沿 X _向束杆对中定位导轨 20与中心立方体方箱 59于 _ 向方形开口实现对中连接; X _向围压加载液压油缸 12和 X _向围压加载作动器 13 与 X _向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 14串联组合放置于 X _向束杆 18的入射端, 用于沿 X _ 向束杆 18的入射端对测试试样施加 X _静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; X _向连杆 支撑杆 17将 X 向围压加载固定端挡板 11与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 X _向静 态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Y +向束杆 29由 Y +向自润滑束杆固定 和支撑架 28固定, 并沿 Y +向束杆对中定位导轨 30与中心立方体方箱 59于 Y +向方 形开口实现对中连接; Y +向围压加载液压油缸 22和 Y +向围压加载作动器 24与 Y + 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 26串联组合放置于 Y +向束杆 29的入射端, 用于沿 Y +向束 杆 29的入射端对测试试样施加 Y +静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y +向连杆支撑 杆 27将 Y +向围压加载固定端挡板 23与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 Y +向静态围 压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Y _向束杆 38由 Y 向自润滑束杆固定和支 撑架 39固定, 并沿 Y _向束杆对中定位导轨 40与中心立方体方箱 59于 Y _向方形开 口实现对中连接; Y _向围压加载液压油缸 33和 Y _向围压加载作动器 34与 Y _向环 形电磁脉冲激发腔 35串联组合放置于 Y _向束杆 38的入射端, 用于沿 Y _向束杆 38 的入射端对测试试样施加 Y i争态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y _向连杆支撑杆 37
将 Y 向围压加载固定端挡板 32与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 Y _向静态围压施 加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 Z +向束杆 48由 Z +
向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 49固定, 并沿 Z +向束杆对中定位导轨 47与中心立方 体方箱 59于 Z +向方形开口实现对中连接; Z +向围压加载液压油缸 41和 Z +向围压 加载作动器 44与 Z +向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 45串联组合放置于 Z +向束杆 48的入射 端, 用于沿 Z +向束杆 48的入射端对测试试样施加 Z +静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷 载; Z +向竖向固定与支撑框架 43与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 Z +向静态围压 施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。 2 _向束杆57由2 _向自润滑束杆固定和支撑 架 58固定, 并沿 Z _向束杆对中定位导轨 56与中心立方体方箱 59于2 _向方形开口 实现对中连接; Z _向围压加载液压油缸 53和 Z _向围压加载作动器 54与 Z _向环形 电磁脉冲激发腔 51串联组合放置于 Z _向束杆 57的入射端, 用于沿 Z _向束杆 57的 入射端对测试试样施加 Z |争态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Z _向竖向固定与支撑 框架 50与中心立方体方箱 59连接起来为 Z 向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力 支撑系统。
[0022] 附图 4为 _向围压加载液压油缸 12、 X _向围压加载作动器 13与 _向环形电磁脉 冲激发腔 14组合安装正视图 (剖切) 。 X _向围压加载液压油缸 12与 X 向围压加 载作动器 13构成 X 向围压液压加载系统, 并固定在 X 向围压加载固定端挡板 11 上; X 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 14安置于 X _
向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 15上; X _向围压加载作动器 13沿 X _向环形电磁脉 冲激发腔 14的右侧环形开口伸入并与 X 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 14的左端圆形端 面贴合; 测试时, X _向围压加载液压油缸 12与 _向围压加载作动器 13通过 X 向 环形电磁脉冲激发腔 14的左端圆形端面对 X _向束杆 18 (附图 1所示) 的入射端施 加沿 X 向的静态围压; X 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 14通过其左端圆形端面将动态 应力脉冲荷载沿 _向束杆 18 (附图 1至附图 3所示) 的入射端输入并传播至测试 试样 60内部对其施加沿 X _向的动态荷载。
[0023] 所述中心立方体方箱 59内设有定位导向对中盒, 定位导向对中盒为立方体, 定 位导向对中盒的六个面预留方孔, 六个面上方孔的尺寸与霍普金森杆的方形杆 的尺寸一致; 定位导向对中盒的内腔尺寸与立方体试样尺寸一致, 定位导向对
中盒设计为对称的四部分。
[0024] 以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明, 不能认 定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术 人员来说, 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下, 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换, 都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims
[权利要求 1] 一种霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: 其包括水平十字支撑 平台、 中心立方体方箱 (59) 、 束杆、 束杆固定和支撑架; 所述水平 十字支撑平台包括 X+向支撑平台 (1) 、 X_向支撑平台 (16) 、 Y + 向支撑平台 (21) 和¥_向支撑平台 (31) 以及中心支撑平台 (61)
, 所述中心立方体方箱 (59) 上表面完全开口, 所述中心立方体方箱 (59) 上表面的方向是沿 Z+向, 沿 X+向、 X 向、 Y+向、 Y 向、 和 Z -向分别于中心立方体方箱 (59) 正中间位置设置方形开口, 且方形 开口尺寸与束杆尺寸相同; 中心立方体方箱 (59) 置于中心支撑平台 (61) 的上表面正中心, 且与水平十字支撑平台构成正交坐标系, 以 中心立方体方箱 (59) 为对称中心, 分别对称布置 X+向、 X_向、 Y + 向、 Y_向、 Z+向和 Z_向围压加载系统、 环形电磁脉冲激发腔、 束杆 以及自润滑束杆固定和支撑架, 构成三轴六向霍普金森束杆系统; X 方向和 Y方向束杆均为水平放置, Z方向束杆为竖直放置, 通过所述 束杆固定和支撑架整齐地将各个单杆对称的捆绑起来构成方形束杆; 各单杆之间预留 1 mm至 2 mm的间隙, 各个单杆上粘贴电阻应变片, 各向束杆的横截面积和长度均相等, 并且各个束杆内部动态应力波传 播规律以及动态响应信号监测方式均相同。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: X + 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 X+向围压加载固定端挡板 (2) 、 X 向围压加载液压油缸 (3) X+向围压加载作动器 (4) X+向环形 电磁脉冲激发腔 (5) X+向连杆支撑杆 (6) X+向束杆 (7) X +向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (8) 、 X+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑 架 (9) 和 X+向束杆对中定位导轨 (10) ; 其中 X+向束杆 (7) 由 X + 向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (8) 固定, 并沿 X+向束杆对中定位导轨 (10) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 于 X+向方形开口实现对中连接; X + 向围压加载液压油缸 (3) 和 X+向围压加载作动器 (4) 与 X+向环形 电磁脉冲激发腔 (5) 串联组合放置于 X+向束杆 (7) 的入射端, 用
于沿 X+向束杆 (7) 的入射端对测试试样施加 X+静态围压和动态应 力脉冲荷载; X+向连杆支撑杆 (6) 将 X+向围压加载固定端挡板 (2 ) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 连接起来为 X+向静态围压施加提供固定 框架与反力支撑系统。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: X_ 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 X向围压加载固定端挡板 (11) 、 x_ 向围压加载液压油缸 (12) 、 X_向围压加载作动器 (13) 、 X_向环 形电磁脉冲激发腔 (14) 、 X 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 (15)
、 X_向支撑平台 (16) 、 X_向连杆支撑杆 (17) 、 X_向束杆 (18)
、 X_向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (19) 、 X_
向束杆对中定位导轨 (20) ; X_向束杆 (18) 由 X 向自润滑束杆固 定和支撑架 (19) 固定, 并沿 X_向束杆对中定位导轨 (20) 与中心 立方体方箱 (59) 于 _向方形开口实现对中连接; X_向围压加载液 压油缸 (12) 和 _向围压加载作动器 (13) 与 _向环形电磁脉冲激 发腔 (14) 串联组合放置于 _向束杆 (18) 的入射端, 用于沿 X 向 束杆 (18) 的入射端对测试试样施加 XJ争态围压和动态应力脉冲荷 载; X_向连杆支撑杆 (17) 将 X 向围压加载固定端挡板 (11) 与中 心立方体方箱 (59) 连接起来为 X_向静态围压施加提供固定框架与 反力支撑系统。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: Y + 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 Y+向支撑平台 (21) 、 Y+向围压加 载液压油缸 (22) 、 Y+向围压加载固定端挡板 (23) 、 Y+向围压加 载作动器 (24) 、 Y+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 (25) 、 Y+向环 形电磁脉冲激发腔 (26) 、 Y+向连杆支撑杆 (27) 、 Y+向自润滑束 杆固定和支撑架 (28) 、 Y+向束杆 (29) 、 Y+向束杆对中定位导轨 (30) ; Y+向束杆 (29) 由 Y+向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (28) 固 定, 并沿 Y+向束杆对中定位导轨 (30) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 于 Y +向方形开口实现对中连接; Y+向围压加载液压油缸 (22) 和 Y+向围
压加载作动器 (24) 与 Y+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (26) 串联组合放 置于 Y+向束杆 (29) 的入射端, 用于沿 Y+向束杆 (29) 的入射端对 测试试样施加 Y +静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y +
向连杆支撑杆 (27) 将 Y+向围压加载固定端挡板 (23) 与中心立方 体方箱 (59) 连接起来为 Y+向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支 撑系统。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: Y _ 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 Y_向支撑平台 (31) 、 Y 向围压加 载固定端挡板 (32) 、 Y_向围压加载液压油缸 (33) 、 Y 向围压加 载作动器 (34) 、 Y 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (35) 、 Y_向环形电磁 脉冲激发腔支撑架 (36) 、 Y_向连杆支撑杆 (37) 、 Y_向束杆 (38 ) 、 Y_向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (39) 、 Y_向束杆对中定位导轨 (40) ; Y_向束杆 (38) 由¥_向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (39) 固 定, 并沿 Y_向束杆对中定位导轨 (40) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 于 Y _向方形开口实现对中连接; Y_向围压加载液压油缸 (33) 和丫_向围 压加载作动器 (34) 与 Y 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (35) 串联组合放 置于 Y_向束杆 (38) 的入射端, 用于沿 Y_向束杆 (38) 的入射端对 测试试样施加 Y _静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Y _
向连杆支撑杆 (37) 将 Y 向围压加载固定端挡板 (32) 与中心立方 体方箱 (59) 连接起来为 Y_向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支 撑系统。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: Z + 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 Z+向围压加载液压油缸 (41) 、 Z + 向围压加载固定端挡板 (42) Z+向竖向固定与支撑框架 (43) Z 向围压加载作动器 (44) Z+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (45) Z+向 环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 (46) Z+向束杆对中定位导轨 (47)
、 Z+向束杆 (48) 、 Z+向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (49) ; Z+向束 杆 (48) 由 Z+向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (49) 固定, 并沿 Z+向束
杆对中定位导轨 (47) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 于 Z+向方形开口实 现对中连接; Z+向围压加载液压油缸 (41) 和 Z+向围压加载作动器 (44) 与 Z+向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (45) 串联组合放置于 Z+向束杆 (48) 的入射端, 用于沿 Z+向束杆 (48) 的入射端对测试试样施加 Z +静态围压和动态应力脉冲荷载; Z+向竖向固定与支撑框架 (43) 与 中心立方体方箱 (59) 连接起来为 Z+向静态围压施加提供固定框架 与反力支撑系统。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: Z_ 向霍普金森杆动态测试系统包括 Z 向竖向固定与支撑框架 (50) 、 Z -向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (51) 、 Z_
向环形电磁脉冲激发腔支撑架 (52) 、 Z_向围压加载液压油缸 (53)
、 Z_向围压加载作动器 (54) 、 Z_向围压加载端支架 (55) 、 Z 向 束杆对中定位导轨 (56) 、 Z_向束杆 (57) 、 Z_向自润滑束杆固定 和支撑架 (58) ; Z_向束杆 (57) 由 _向自润滑束杆固定和支撑架 (58) 固定, 并沿 Z_
向束杆对中定位导轨 (56) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 于2_向方形开口 实现对中连接; Z_向围压加载液压油缸 (53) 和 Z 向围压加载作动 器 (54) 与 Z 向环形电磁脉冲激发腔 (51) 串联组合放置于2_向束 杆 (57) 的入射端, 用于沿 Z_
向束杆 (57) 的入射端对测试试样施加 Z|争态围压和动态应力脉冲荷 载; Z 向竖向固定与支撑框架 (50) 与中心立方体方箱 (59) 连接起 来为 Z _向静态围压施加提供固定框架与反力支撑系统。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的霍普金森束杆动态测试系统, 其特征在于: 所 述中心立方体方箱 (59) 内设有定位导向对中盒, 定位导向对中盒为 立方体, 定位导向对中盒的六个面预留方孔, 六个面上方孔的尺寸与 霍普金森杆的方形杆的尺寸一致; 定位导向对中盒的内腔尺寸与立方 体试样尺寸一致, 定位导向对中盒设计为对称的四部分。
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| CN113063682A (zh) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-07-02 | 陕西大工旭航电磁科技有限公司 | 复杂应力状态下材料动态性能测试系统及方法 |
| WO2024040895A1 (zh) * | 2022-08-25 | 2024-02-29 | 东北大学 | 一种真三轴试验仪双向同步加载方法 |
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| CN109406313B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-08-31 | 深圳大学 | 霍普金森束杆动态测试系统 |
| US11703433B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2023-07-18 | Shenzhen University | Dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system and testing method |
| US11988645B2 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2024-05-21 | Shenzhen University | Dynamic true triaxial electromagnetic Hopkinson bar system |
| CN109668775B (zh) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-03-23 | 深圳大学 | 真三轴霍普金森压杆的定位对中系统及方法 |
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| CN116879060A (zh) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-10-13 | 武汉理工大学 | 一种试样损伤实时检测装置及其方法 |
| CN117517062B (zh) * | 2023-10-17 | 2024-07-23 | 深圳大学 | 一种动力扰动诱发冲击地压试验装置及试验方法 |
| CN117929102B (zh) * | 2024-03-22 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳大学 | 动态真三轴电磁霍普金森杆的消除应力空白角装置及方法 |
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