WO2020134074A1 - 一种卸料装置 - Google Patents

一种卸料装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134074A1
WO2020134074A1 PCT/CN2019/098591 CN2019098591W WO2020134074A1 WO 2020134074 A1 WO2020134074 A1 WO 2020134074A1 CN 2019098591 W CN2019098591 W CN 2019098591W WO 2020134074 A1 WO2020134074 A1 WO 2020134074A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
assembly
unloading device
disturbance
reclaiming
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/098591
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海泉
张作义
聂君锋
李红克
王鑫
刘继国
董玉杰
Original Assignee
清华大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 清华大学 filed Critical 清华大学
Priority to JP2020545306A priority Critical patent/JP6969010B2/ja
Priority to EP19905652.4A priority patent/EP3865433A4/en
Priority to US17/045,076 priority patent/US11978566B2/en
Priority to RU2020141384A priority patent/RU2753255C1/ru
Priority to KR1020207015554A priority patent/KR102409231B1/ko
Publication of WO2020134074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134074A1/zh
Priority to ZA2020/07779A priority patent/ZA202007779B/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
    • B65G65/48—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
    • B65G65/48—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems
    • B65G65/4809—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B65G65/4818—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis and having the form of rotating tables or pans
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
    • G21C19/20—Arrangements for introducing objects into the pressure vessel; Arrangements for handling objects within the pressure vessel; Arrangements for removing objects from the pressure vessel
    • G21C19/202—Arrangements for handling ball-form, i.e. pebble fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
    • B65G65/48—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems
    • B65G65/4809—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B65G65/4836—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems rotating about a substantially vertical axis and moving material over a stationary surface, e.g. sweep arms or wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C35/00—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers
    • F16C35/04—Rigid support of bearing units; Housings, e.g. caps, covers in the case of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C35/06—Mounting or dismounting of ball or roller bearings; Fixing them onto shaft or in housing
    • F16C35/07—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element
    • F16C35/077—Fixing them on the shaft or housing with interposition of an element between housing and outer race ring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
    • G21C19/14—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel characterised by their adaptation for use with horizontal channels in the reactor core
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C19/00—Arrangements for treating, for handling, or for facilitating the handling of, fuel or other materials which are used within the reactor, e.g. within its pressure vessel
    • G21C19/19—Reactor parts specifically adapted to facilitate handling, e.g. to facilitate charging or discharging of fuel elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G2201/00—Indexing codes relating to handling devices, e.g. conveyors, characterised by the type of product or load being conveyed or handled
    • B65G2201/02—Articles
    • B65G2201/0214—Articles of special size, shape or weigh
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/54—Systems consisting of a plurality of bearings with rolling friction
    • F16C19/546—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing
    • F16C19/547—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings
    • F16C19/548—Systems with spaced apart rolling bearings including at least one angular contact bearing with two angular contact rolling bearings in O-arrangement

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of mechanical engineering, in particular to a discharge device.
  • the spherical bed high-temperature gas-cooled reactor uses spherical element materials to pass through the core multiple times to achieve continuous operation without stopping the reactor.
  • spent fuel unloading, new fuel charging and core reloading, etc. All need to use the core unloading device to unload the spherical elements accumulated in the core.
  • the core unloading device is a typical equal-diameter spherical material unloading device.
  • the core bed high temperature reactor core unloading device Due to the pressure of the ball bed, the material box structure and the inherent material characteristics of the spherical graphite element, there are two main technical requirements for the core bed high temperature reactor core unloading device: one is the stability of the reclaiming to meet the expected discharge efficiency; the second is Avoid arching and jamming of the material box to ensure the reliability of material retrieving.
  • the main problem when unloading with a single-row device is that the unloading is unstable.
  • the number of spherical elements in the outlet pipe is random, and it is difficult to coordinate with the downstream single unloading equipment, so it cannot be efficient and reliable.
  • the single unloading process control When an integrated discharge device formed by combining a single reclaimer and a broken ball separator is used for discharging, the reel of the single reclaimer and the roller of the broken ball separator are heavy and have a horizontal cantilever support structure.
  • the bearings in the shaft system are subjected to radial, axial, bending and torsion combined loads, and the bearing has a severe test during long-life operation.
  • the reactor must be shut down and depressurized, and the radioactive atmosphere in the reactor must be reliably and effectively isolated before it can be repaired. From the aspects of nuclear power plant availability and personnel protection Evaluation requires a high price.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a discharge device, which can solve the problems of unstable discharge and poor maintainability of the existing equal-diameter spherical material discharge device.
  • an unloading device which includes a power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and an actuator sequentially connected from top to bottom.
  • the actuator includes a shaft assembly and a turntable that are sequentially connected from top to bottom.
  • a guard plate assembly is provided at the bottom of the turntable assembly.
  • the shield plate assembly includes a bottom arc plate and a plug row assembly provided on the bottom arc plate, the bottom arc plate is connected to the conical surface chamber, and the plug row assembly is provided on the bottom Between the arc plate and the conical cavity.
  • the plug-in row assembly includes a door frame, two plug-in rows respectively movably connected to the left and right sides of the door frame, and two side baffles symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the door frame,
  • the door frame is provided with a material inlet.
  • the lower layer reclaiming part includes a reclaiming ring and an inner baffle ring provided in the reclaiming ring.
  • the reclaiming ring includes a plurality of partition ribs arranged in a ring shape, and each of the partition ribs is The inner baffle ring is connected, and each adjacent two partition ribs and the inner baffle ring form a feed slot.
  • a plurality of disturbance blocks are provided on the outer surface of the middle-level main disturbance disk.
  • auxiliary auxiliary auxiliary enclosure is composed of arc surfaces and tangent planes arranged at intervals.
  • the shaft assembly includes a main shaft, a first bearing, a second bearing, a withdrawal bearing sleeve and a thrust bearing, the first bearing and the second bearing are respectively installed on the main shaft from top to bottom, the Both the first bearing and the second bearing are provided in the withdrawal bearing sleeve; the thrust bearing is installed on the main shaft, and the thrust bearing is provided on the upper portion of the withdrawal bearing sleeve.
  • the transmission mechanism also includes a pressure-bearing housing assembly, and the upper and lower ends of the transmission mechanism are detachably connected to the power mechanism and the actuator; the transmission mechanism is provided with a coupling support, the coupling The support is connected with a bearing seat cover, and the bearing seat cover is connected with the pressure bearing housing assembly.
  • the pressure-bearing housing assembly is provided with a disturbance mechanism, and the disturbance mechanisms are all linear reciprocating drive mechanisms.
  • the turntable assembly includes three functional sections of the upper auxiliary enclosure, the middle main disturbance disk and the lower reclaiming section arranged in order from top to bottom, and the three functional sections can correspond to the middle pressure turntable of the bin
  • the three-layer spherical material of the component performs the two-way disturbance of the upper layer, the multi-directional disturbance of the middle layer, the retrieving of the lower layer and the circumferential disturbance function of the three layers of materials, so that the spherical materials in the bin can be implemented in the circumferential, radial and height directions With full disturbance, it can realize self-adaptive and high-efficiency reclaiming, which makes the discharging operation more stable and maintainability better.
  • the discharge device provided in this application is provided with a plug row component on the guard plate component.
  • the plug row component is connected to the two opposite left and right plug rows through the door frame.
  • the plug row is opened to make the bottom arc plate flow channel unblocked .
  • the unloading device places the first bearing and the second bearing of the shafting assembly in the withdrawal bearing sleeve, respectively, and the first bearing and the second bearing can be conveniently carried out through the disassembly and assembly of the withdrawal bearing sleeve Disassembly and assembly, replacement and maintenance are simple, without special special tooling.
  • the unloading device ensures the reliability of taking spherical materials and the stability of unloading of spherical flow through the cooperation between the guard plate assembly, the turntable assembly and the disturbance mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a front view of a discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 of the unloading device of the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a pressure-bearing housing assembly in a discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft assembly in a discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the turntable assembly in the discharge device of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the turntable assembly in the discharge device of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is an isometric view of a turntable assembly in a discharge device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a guard plate assembly in a discharge device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the guard plate assembly and the insertion row assembly in the unloading device of the embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a discharge device, including a power mechanism 1, a transmission mechanism 2, an actuator 3, a pressure-bearing housing assembly 4, a guard plate assembly 6, and a disturbance mechanism 7.
  • the power mechanism 1 includes a motor and a speed reducer connected to electric power.
  • the transmission mechanism 2 is a coupling.
  • the transmission mechanism 2 is connected to the power mechanism 1 at one end and the actuator 3 at the other end.
  • the power mechanism 1, the transmission mechanism 2 and the actuator 3 are sequentially detachably connected to form a vertical drive line 100.
  • the actuator 3 includes a shaft assembly 300 and a turntable assembly 5 connected in order from top to bottom.
  • the shaft assembly 300 is connected to the turntable assembly 5 through a connector 21.
  • the pressure-bearing housing assembly 4 includes a housing 11 and end flanges 14 and bearing housings 15 respectively connected to the housing 11.
  • a ball joint 13 is provided at the bottom of the housing 11.
  • the transmission mechanism 2 uses a magnetic actuator.
  • the transmission mechanism 2 is provided with a coupling support 8 externally.
  • the coupling support 8 is connected to the bearing housing 15 through the first fastener 9. Between the coupling support 8 and the bearing housing 15 is provided a first A seal 10 and bearing housing 15 are connected to the pressure-bearing housing assembly 4.
  • the inner cavity of the pressure-bearing housing assembly 4 is a closed space 200.
  • the non-contact transmission characteristic of the magnetic actuator is used to realize the dynamic seal of the actuator 3 is converted into a static seal, ensuring zero leakage of the atmosphere in the closed space 200.
  • the guard plate assembly 6 is installed in the pressure-bearing housing assembly 4, and the guard plate assembly 6 is disposed below the driving wire 100, that is, the guard plate assembly 6 is disposed at the bottom of the turntable assembly 5.
  • the guard plate assembly 6 divides the inner cavity of the housing 11 into two parts: a hopper 17 and a discharge functional area 16.
  • the spherical material 54 is temporarily stored in the vertical cylindrical cavity 19 and the conical surface chamber 18, and the area where the conical surface chamber 18 and the guard plate assembly 6 are connected is the material box 17.
  • the discharge functional area 16 is a horizontal cylindrical chamber, and the turntable assembly 5 and the guard plate assembly 6 are located in the discharge functional area 16 and jointly perform a single discharge function.
  • the inner cavity of the housing 11 of the pressure-containing housing assembly 4 includes an unloading functional area 16, a conical cavity 18 and a vertical cylindrical cavity 19.
  • the vertical cylindrical cavity 19 is provided with a lining cylinder 12, the lower portion of the lining cylinder 12 extends into the conical surface chamber 18, and the lower portion of the lining cylinder 12 is provided with a shovel-shaped curved baffle.
  • the turntable assembly 5 includes an upper auxiliary enclosure 32, an intermediate main disturbance disk 33, and a lower reclaimer 22 that are provided in this order from top to bottom.
  • the upper layer auxiliary enclosure 32, the middle layer main disturbance disk 33 and the lower layer reclaiming part 22 correspond to three layers of materials from bottom to top.
  • the lower layer reclaiming section 22 includes a reclaiming ring 35 and an inner stop ring 37 provided in the reclaiming ring 35.
  • the reclaiming ring 35 includes a plurality of partition ribs 36 arranged in a ring shape, and the bottom of each partition rib 36 passes through a scraper 34 is connected to the inner stop ring 37, and an arc-shaped surface 38 is provided at the taking place of the inner stop ring 37, and a feed slot 20 is formed between each adjacent two partition ribs 36 and the inner stop ring 37.
  • two kinds of material separation ribs with different widths are used to introduce asymmetry into the material extraction slot 20, thereby disturbing the bottom spherical material 54.
  • a plurality of irregularly-shaped disturbance blocks 39 are arranged on the outer surface of the middle-level main disturbance disk 33 to disturb the intermediate-layer spherical material 54 in the height and diameter directions, thereby ensuring the flexibility and reliability of taking the bottom-layer spherical material 54 .
  • the outer surface of the upper auxiliary enclosure 32 is formed by a smooth transition between a plurality of circular ring segments 40 and a tangent plane 41. Through this transitional undulating curved surface structure, the upper spherical material 54 in the hopper 17 is directly disturbed.
  • the disturbance effect on the spherical material 54 in the material box 17 is comprehensive through the triple disturbance structure of the upper auxiliary enclosure 32, the middle main disturbance disk 33 and the lower reclaimer 22.
  • the spherical material can be guaranteed 54
  • the flow is uniform, which ensures that the reclaiming slot 20 can reliably reclaim.
  • the loosely packed spherical material 54 flows into the material box 17 through the lining cylinder 12, when the power mechanism 1 drives the actuator 3 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 2
  • the pressure of the ball column pushes the spherical material 54 into the reclaiming slot 20 of the turntable assembly 5, so that the spherical material 54 rotates with the main disturbance disk 33 to the ball take-out 13, and the spherical material 54 then discharges the discharge device by gravity.
  • the actuator 3 can obtain a plurality of spherical materials 54 for each revolution, and then the spherical materials 54 are discharged through the discharge port 44 to the ball take-out 13 to complete the alignment Discharge operation of spherical material 54.
  • each feeding slot 20 can get a spherical material 54 when feeding through the material box 17, in some cases, the spherical material 54 may be temporarily squeezed to death, or in The material box 17 is arched, so that it cannot enter the material receiving slot 20.
  • the frequent emptying of the take-out slot 20 not only affects the discharge efficiency, but also is not conducive to the automatic control of the discharge.
  • the guard plate assembly 6 includes a bottom arc plate 42 and a plug and socket assembly 43 provided on the bottom arc plate 42.
  • the bottom arc plate 42 is connected to the tapered surface chamber 18 through a material guiding slope 45, and the plug and socket assembly 43 is disposed on the bottom arc Between the plate 42 and the material guiding slope 45.
  • the upper surface of the bottom arc plate 42 is a top plane 47
  • the lower surface of the bottom arc plate 42 is a bottom arc surface 46.
  • a material guide groove 48 is provided on the top plane 47
  • a positioning boss 49 is provided in the material guide groove 48 .
  • the bottom arc plate 42 is installed on the bottom of the discharge functional area 16 of the housing 11 through the positioning boss 49, and the bottom arc surface 46 and the discharge functional area 16 are fitted with the same diameter.
  • the socket assembly 43 includes a portal 51, two sockets 50 respectively movably connected to the left and right sides of the portal 51, and two side baffles 52 symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the portal 51.
  • the portal 51 is provided with ⁇ 53.
  • the pins of each plug row 50 can be movably connected to the gate frame 51 through the side plate of the gate 51, the relative movement of the two plug rows 50 can close the retrieving port 53, and the movement of the two plug rows 50 facing each other can take the reclaim Port 53 opens.
  • the two side baffles 52 are arranged in a tapered shape, the material guiding slope 45, the two side baffles 52, the reclaiming port 53 and the bottom arc plate 42 together form a material channel for the reel assembly 5 to take the material, and the bottom arc plate 42
  • the material guide groove 48 can be guided by the material extraction groove 20 and the scraper 34 to ensure the smooth flow of the spherical material 54 and dust and other materials.
  • the positioning boss 49 facilitates the installation of the guard plate assembly 6 and can limit the turntable assembly 5 at the same time.
  • the gantry 51 and the bottom arc plate 42 can effectively block the spherical material 54 of more than three layers inside the bin 17 without forming an additional squeezing load on the turntable assembly 5.
  • the control logic determines that the hopper 17 is arched. Due to the structural characteristics of the spherical material 54 and the material box 17, the arching phenomenon may occur in three positions, one is near the shovel-shaped curved baffle of the inner lining cylinder 12. The second is that when the spherical material 54 accumulated in the hopper 17 exceeds the upper auxiliary enclosure 32, it is possible to form a height-direction arch at the gantry 51 of the socket assembly 43. The third is the length of the circular arc on the bottom arc plate 42 near the intake port 53.
  • the probability of occurrence of the first three bridging situations mentioned above increases sequentially.
  • this embodiment uses the disturbance mechanism 7 to solve.
  • the disturbance mechanism 7 includes an electromagnetic drive push rod 7a and an electromagnetic drive mechanism 7b.
  • the electromagnetic driving push rod 7a as a linear driving mechanism can solve the arching problem in the case of the first bridge.
  • the bridge can be broken by the electromagnetic drive mechanism 7b.
  • the turntable assembly in this embodiment has 10 reclaiming slots 20, and a spherical material 54 is retrieved in an average of 20 seconds. According to this retrieving probability, if the counter provided downstream of the discharge device is not retrieved within 2 consecutive minutes Spherical material 54 can be judged that the third or second bridging situation may occur, so first start the electromagnetic drive mechanism 7b to break the bridge. If the spherical material 54 is still not obtained, the first bridging may be judged to have occurred In this case, the electromagnetic drive mechanism 7a can be activated to break the bridge.
  • the bearing housing 15 of the pressure-bearing housing 4 is connected to the housing 11.
  • the shaft assembly 300 in the actuator 3 includes a main shaft 31, a first bearing 25, a second bearing 26, a withdrawal bearing sleeve 24, and a thrust bearing 23.
  • the first bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 are respectively installed from top to bottom On the main shaft 31, the first bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 are separated by a second sleeve 29 and a third sleeve 30, and both the first bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 are provided in the withdrawal bearing sleeve 24.
  • the thrust bearing 23 is mounted on the main shaft 31, and the thrust bearing 23 is provided on the upper portion of the withdrawal bearing sleeve 24.
  • the bottom surface of the thrust bearing 23 is against the first bushing 27, and the thrust bearing 23 bears against the first bearing 25 through the first bushing 27.
  • the withdrawal bearing sleeve 24 is installed in the bearing seat sleeve 15 through the second fastener 28.
  • the thrust bearing 23 mainly bears the self-weight load of the shaft assembly 300, and the first bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 play an auxiliary supporting role for the shaft assembly 300 and withstand the compression of the ball bed in the hopper 17
  • both the first bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 are placed in the withdrawal bearing sleeve 24, after removing the uppermost thrust bearing 23, by dismounting the bearing sleeve 24, the first The bearing 25 and the second bearing 26 are disassembled and assembled, replacement and maintenance are simple, and no special special tooling is required.
  • two direct-acting permanent magnet drive mechanisms 55 are provided.
  • the two direct-acting permanent magnet drive mechanisms 55 are used to respectively push the two plug rows 50 to close the gantry 51, so as to block the radioactive sphere in the material box 17
  • the material 54 is further removed by the bearing housing 15 to realize the overall disassembly of the shaft assembly 300 and the turntable assembly 5 for maintenance and replacement.
  • the unloading device described in the embodiments of the present application can fully disturb the spherical materials in the bin in the circumferential, radial and height directions, realize adaptive and efficient reclaiming, and ensure the spherical materials Reliability of taking material and stability of ball discharge.
  • connection and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole Ground connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection should be understood in specific situations.

Abstract

一种卸料装置，该卸料装置包括从上到下依次连接的动力机构（1）、传动机构（2）以及执行机构（3），执行机构（3）包括从上到下依次连接的轴系组件（300）和转盘组件（5），其中转盘组件（5）包括从上至下依次设置的上层辅助围挡（32）、中层主扰动盘（33）和下层取料部（22）。

Description

一种卸料装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年12月29日提交的申请号为201811633899.5，发明名称为“一种卸料装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及机械工程技术领域，尤其涉及一种卸料装置。
背景技术
球床高温气冷堆采用球形元件物料多次通过堆芯的方式实现不停堆连续运行，在堆芯元件循环、乏燃料卸料、新燃料装料和堆芯重新装料等工艺过程中，均需要利用堆芯卸料装置将堆芯内堆积的球形元件进行卸料操作，其堆芯卸料装置是一种典型的等径球形物料卸料装置。
目前，球床高温堆有两种主要堆芯卸料工艺，第一种是利用单列器进行卸料，第二种是利用取料单一器与碎球分离器组合形成的一体化卸料装置进行卸料。由于球床压力、料箱结构及球形石墨元件固有的物料特性，球床高温堆堆芯卸料装置有两个主要技术需求：一是取料的稳定性，以满足预期卸料效率；二是避免料箱接拱和卡堵，以确保取料的可靠性。采用单列器进行卸料时主要存在的问题是：卸料不稳定，卸料操作时，出口管路中的球形元件数量是随机的，难以与下游单一化卸料设备协同，因而不能进行高效可靠的单一化卸料工艺控制。采用取料单一器与碎球分离器组合形成的一体化卸料装置进行卸料时，其中取料单一器的取料盘和碎球分离器的辊筒重量大且为卧式悬臂支撑结构，轴系中的轴承受到径向、轴向和弯扭复合载荷，轴承长寿期运转面临严峻考验，而且在强放射性下对结构复杂的卧式堆芯卸料装置及其轴系进行维修极其困难，尤其对堆芯卸料装置而言，必须在反应堆停堆和泄压，并在对堆内放射性气氛进行可靠有效的隔离后，才能进行维修，从核电厂的可利用性和人员防护两个方面评估，都要付出高昂的代价。
发明内容
(一)要解决的技术问题
本申请的目的是提供一种卸料装置，能够解决现有等径球形物料卸料装置存在的卸料不稳定，可维修性差的问题。
(二)技术方案
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种卸料装置，包括从上到下依次连接的动力机构、传动机构以及执行机构，所述执行机构包括从上到下依次连接的轴系组件和转盘组件，其中所述转盘组件包括从上至下依次设置的上层辅助围挡、中层主扰动盘和下层取料部。
进一步地，在所述转盘组件底部设有护板组件。
进一步地，所述护板组件包括底弧板和设置在所述底弧板上的插排组件，所述底弧板与锥形面腔室相接，所述插排组件设置在所述底弧板与所述锥形面腔室之间。
进一步地，所述插排组件包括门架、分别与所述门架左右两侧对应活动连接的两个插排、以及对称设置在所述门架左右两侧的两个侧挡板，所述门架设有取料口。
进一步地，所述下层取料部包括取料环以及设置在所述取料环中的内档环，所述取料环包括呈环形布置的多个隔料肋，各所述隔料肋与所述内档环相连，每相邻的两个所述隔料肋与所述内档环之间组成一个取料槽孔。
进一步地，在所述中层主扰动盘的外侧面上设置有多个扰动块。
进一步地，所述辅动辅动围挡由间隔布置的圆弧面和切平面组成。
进一步地，所述轴系组件包括主轴、第一轴承、第二轴承、退卸轴承套和推力轴承，所述第一轴承和第二轴承从上到下分别安装在所述主轴上，所述第一轴承和第二轴承均设置于所述退卸轴承套内；所述推力轴承安装在所述主轴上，且所述推力轴承设置于所述退卸轴承套上部。
进一步地，还包括承压壳体组件，所述传动机构的上下两端分别与所述动力机构、执行机构可拆卸连接；所述传动机构外部设有联轴器支座，所述联轴器支座与轴承座套相连，所述轴承座套与所述承压壳体组件相连。
进一步地，所述承压壳体组件上设置有扰动机构，所述扰动机构均为直线往复驱动机构。
(三)有益效果
本申请的上述技术方案具有如下优点：
本申请提供的卸料装置，转盘组件包括从上下依次设置的上层辅助围挡、中层主扰动盘和下层取料部三个功能区段，三个功能区段能够对应于料箱中压向转盘组件的三层球形物料，分别对三层物料执行上层双向扰动、中层多向扰动、下层取料和周向扰动功能，从而能够在圆周、径向和高度方向上对料箱内的球形物料实行充分的扰动，实现自适应、高效取料，使得卸料操作更加稳定，可维修性更好。
本申请提供的卸料装置，在护板组件上设置插排组件，插排组件通过门架连接左右两个相对的插排，卸料装置正常运行时，插排打开使底弧板流道畅通，需要带料维修转盘组件时，可以手动将两个插排相插合，关闭底弧板流道，将球形物料阻隔在料箱内，从而可以将轴系组件和转盘组件进行拆卸，以实现对转盘组件的维修或更换，维修便捷。
本申请提供的卸料装置，将轴系组件的第一轴承和第二轴承分别置于退卸轴承套内，通过退卸轴承套的拆装，可以方便地对第一轴承和第二轴承进行拆卸和装配，更换维修简单，无需特殊的专用工装。
本申请提供的卸料装置，通过护板组件、转盘组件与扰动机构之间的配合，保证了球形物料取料的可靠性和球流卸料的稳定性。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例卸料装置的正视图；
图2为本申请实施例卸料装置图1的俯视图；
图3为本申请实施例卸料装置中承压壳体组件的三维结构图；
图4为本申请实施例卸料装置中轴系组件的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例卸料装置中转盘组件的主视图；
图6为本申请实施例卸料装置中转盘组件的底部结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例卸料装置中转盘组件的轴测图；
图8为本申请实施例卸料装置中护板组件的结构图；
图9为本申请实施例卸料装置中护板组件与插排组件的安装示意图。
图中：
1：动力机构；2：传动机构；3：执行机构；4：承压壳体组件；5： 转盘组件；6：护板组件；7：扰动机构；8：联轴器支座；9：第一紧固件；10：第一密封件；11：壳体；12：内衬筒；13：出球接管；14：端法兰；15：轴承座套；16：卸料功能区；17：料箱；18：锥形面腔室；19：竖直圆柱腔体；20：取料槽孔；21：连接件；22：下层取料部；23：推力轴承；24：退卸轴承套；25：第一轴承；26：第二轴承；27：第一轴套；28：第二紧固件；29：第二轴套；30：第三轴套；31：主轴；32：上层辅助围挡；33：中层主扰动盘；34：刮板；35：取料环；36：隔料肋；37：内挡环；38：弧形面；39：扰动块；40：圆环段；41：切平面；42：底弧板；43：插排组件；44：出料口；45：导料斜面；46：底弧面；47：顶平面；48：导料槽；49：定位凸台；50：插排；51：门架；52：侧挡板；53：取料口；54：球形物料；55：直动式永磁驱动机构；100：驱动线；200：密闭空间；300：轴系组件。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1-9所示，本申请实施例提供一种卸料装置，包括动力机构1、传动机构2、执行机构3、承压壳体组件4、护板组件6和扰动机构7。
动力机构1包括电机以及与电力连接的减速机。
传动机构2为一个联轴器，传动机构2一端连接动力机构1，另一端连接执行机构3，动力机构1、传动机构2和执行机构3依次可拆卸连接组成竖直向的驱动线100。
执行机构3包括从上到下依次连接的轴系组件300和转盘组件5，轴系组件300通过连接件21与转盘组件5相连。
承压壳体组件4包括壳体11以及分别与壳体11连接的端法兰14、轴承座套15，壳体11底部设有出球接管13。
在一种优选实施例中，传动机构2采用磁力传动器。传动机构2外部设有联轴器支座8，联轴器支座8通过第一紧固件9与轴承座套15相连， 在联轴器支座8与轴承座套15之间设有第一密封件10，轴承座套15与承压壳体组件4相连。
承压壳体组件4的内腔为一个密闭空间200，利用磁力传动器的无接触传动特性实现执行机构3的动力密封转化为静密封，确保密闭空间200内气氛零泄漏。
护板组件6安装于承压壳体组件4内，护板组件6设置于驱动线100的下方，也即，护板组件6设置在转盘组件5底部。护板组件6将壳体11的内腔分割为料箱17和卸料功能区16两个部分。球形物料54暂存于竖直圆柱腔体19和锥形面腔室18内，锥形面腔室18和护板组件6相连接的区域为料箱17。卸料功能区16为水平圆柱形腔室，转盘组件5和护板组件6位于卸料功能区16内，并共同执行单一化卸料功能。
承压壳体组件4的壳体11内腔包括卸料功能区16、锥形面腔室18和竖直圆柱腔体19。竖直圆柱腔体19中安装有内衬筒12，内衬筒12的下部伸入锥形面腔室18内，内衬筒12的下部设有铲型弧面挡板。当竖直圆柱腔体19内装填球形物料54后，由于铲型弧面挡板的阻挡作用，基于流体压力原理，卸料功能区16、锥形面腔室18和竖直圆柱腔体19形成一个连通器，竖直圆柱腔体19内球柱的压力将推动球形物料54向锥形面腔室18和卸料功能区16流动。由于转盘组件5和护板组件6的阻挡，球流在卸料功能区16处形成一个类似于液体的自由堆高面，该自由堆高面的高度基本与铲型弧面挡板的底部平齐。
本实施例中，转盘组件5包括从上至下依次设置的上层辅助围挡32、中层主扰动盘33和下层取料部22。上层辅助围挡32、中层主扰动盘33和下层取料部22自下而上对应于三层物料。
下层取料部22包括取料环35以及设置在取料环35中的内档环37，取料环35包括呈环形布置的多个隔料肋36，各隔料肋36的底部通过刮板34与内档环37相连，内挡环37的取料处设置有弧形面38，每相邻的两个隔料肋36与内档环37之间组成一个取料槽孔20。本实施例中，采用了两种不同宽度的隔料肋，对取料槽孔20引入不对称性，从而对底层球形物料54进行扰动。
中层主扰动盘33外表面上布置有不规则形状的多个扰动块39，在高 度和直径方向上对中间层球形物料54实施扰动，从而保证对于底层球形物料54取料的灵活性和可靠性。
上层辅助围挡32的外表面由若干圆环段40和切平面41圆滑过渡连接而成，通过这种过渡起伏的曲面结构对料箱17内的上层球形物料54直接实施扰动。
本实施例中，通过上层辅助围挡32、中层主扰动盘33和下层取料部22这三重扰动结构对料箱17内球形物料54的扰动效果是综合的，通过运动传递，可以保证球形物料54流动均匀，保证取料槽孔20能够可靠取料。
本实施例中，依靠竖直圆柱腔体19内球柱的压力，松散堆积的球形物料54经过内衬筒12流动到料箱17内，在动力机构1通过传动机构2带动执行机构3转动时，球柱压力推动球形物料54进入转盘组件5的取料槽孔20内，进而使球形物料54随主扰动盘33转动至出球接管13处，球形物料54再依靠重力排出卸料装置。
由于转盘组件5具有多个取料槽孔20，则执行机构3每转一圈就可以取得多个球形物料54，然后球形物料54再通过出料口44排至出球接管13中，完成对球形物料54的卸料操作。但是由于球形物料54的固体物料特性，受护板组件6、壳体11和内衬筒12等结构影响，每个球形物料54表观外形、碎球和碎屑等的物料影响，以及执行机3的扭矩和转速等影响，并不能保证每个取料槽孔20经过料箱17进料时都能取到一个球形物料54，某些情况下，球形物料54可能会被临时挤死，或者在料箱17内结成拱形，而导致不能进入取料槽孔20内。取料槽孔20经常性的取空不仅会影响卸料效率，也不利于卸料的自动化控制。因此，通过转盘组件5从上下依次设置的上层辅助围挡32、中层主扰动盘33和下层取料部22这三层功能区段的扰动作用，即可解决物料取空的问题，从而提高取球率。
护板组件6包括底弧板42和设置在底弧板42上的插排组件43，底弧板42通过导料斜面45与锥形面腔室18相接，插排组件43设置在底弧板42与导料斜面45之间。
其中，底弧板42的上表面为顶平面47，底弧板42的下表面为底弧面46，在顶平面47上设有导料槽48，导料槽48中设有定位凸台49。底弧板42通过定位凸台49安装于壳体11的卸料功能区16底部，底弧面46 与卸料功能区16等径贴合。
插排组件43包括门架51、分别与门架51左右两侧对应活动连接的两个插排50、以及对称设置在门架51左右两侧的两个侧挡板52，门架51设有取料口53。其中，各插排50的插针能够穿过门架51的侧板与门架51活动连接，两个插排50相对运动能够将取料口53关闭，两个插排50相向运动能够将取料口53打开。两个侧挡板52呈锥形设置，导料斜面45、两个侧挡板52、取料口53以及底弧板42共同形成了转盘组件5取料的物料通道，而底弧板42上的导料槽48则能够在取料槽孔20与刮板34引导下，保证球形物料54和粉尘等物料畅通。而定位凸台49则便于护板组件6的安装，同时能够对转盘组件5进行限位。门架51和底弧板42能够将三层以上的球形物料54有效阻挡料箱17内，而不至于对转盘组件5形成额外的挤压载荷。
当转盘组件5长时间未能排球时，通过控制逻辑可以判断为料箱17接拱。由于球形物料54和料箱17的结构特性，接拱现象可能出现在三个位置，一是内衬筒12的铲型弧面挡板附近。其二是当料箱17堆积的球形物料54超过上层辅助围挡32时，有可能在插排组件43的门架51处形成高度方向的接拱。其三是底弧板42上靠近取料口53处的环向弧长。
上述前三种接桥情况发生的概率依次递增，为解除接桥以保证堆芯正常卸料，本实施例采用扰动机构7来解决。其中扰动机构7包括电磁驱动推杆7a和电磁驱动机构7b。电磁驱动推杆7a作为直线驱动机构能够解决第一种接桥情况下的破拱问题。对于第二和第三种接桥情况均可以通过电磁驱动机构7b来破桥。
设定本实施例中的转盘组件具有10个取料槽孔20，平均20秒取出一个球形物料54，按照这种取球概率，如果卸料装置下游设置的计数器在连续2分钟内未取到球形物料54，即可判断可能发生了第三种或第二种接桥情况，因此首先启动电磁驱动机构7b破桥，如果仍然未能取得球形物料54，则判断可能发生了第一种接桥情况，此时可启动电磁驱动机构7a破桥。
在本实施例中，承压壳体4的轴承座套15与壳体11相连。
执行机构3中的轴系组件300包括包括主轴31、第一轴承25、第二 轴承26、退卸轴承套24和推力轴承23，第一轴承25和第二轴承26从上到下分别安装在主轴31上，第一轴承25和第二轴承26通过第二轴套29和第三轴套30分隔，第一轴承25和第二轴承26均设置于退卸轴承套24内。推力轴承23安装在主轴31上，且推力轴承23设置于退卸轴承套24上部。推力轴承23的底面与第一轴套27相抵，推力轴承23通过第一轴套27顶住第一轴承25。退卸轴承套24通过第二紧固件28安装在轴承座套15内。
在本实施例中，推力轴承23主要承受轴系组件300的自重载荷，第一轴承25和第二轴承26对轴系组件300起到辅助支撑作用，并承受料箱17中球床的挤压力和摩擦力产生的扭矩，通过第一轴承25、第二轴承26和推力轴承23共同保证轴系组件300的运行稳定性。
由于第一轴承25和第二轴承26均置于退卸轴承套24内，在拆卸最上层的推力轴承23后，通过卸轴承套24的拆装，即可利用拉拔器方便地对第一轴承25和第二轴承26进行拆卸和装配，更换维修简单，无需特殊的专用工装。
本实施例还设置了两个直动式永磁驱动机构55，通过两个直动式永磁驱动机构55来分别推动两个插排50将门架51关闭，从而阻挡料箱17内的放射性球形物料54，进而通过抽取轴承座套15，实现对轴系组件300和转盘组件5的整体拆卸，以实施维修和更换。
综上所述，本申请实施例所述的卸料装置，能够在圆周、径向和高度方向上对料箱内的球形物料实行充分的扰动，实现自适应、高效取料，保证了球形物料取料的可靠性和球流卸料的稳定性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“若干”的含义是一个或多个；“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关 系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种卸料装置，其特征在于：包括从上到下依次连接的动力机构、传动机构以及执行机构，所述执行机构包括从上到下依次连接的轴系组件和转盘组件，其中所述转盘组件包括从上至下依次设置的上层辅助围挡、中层主扰动盘和下层取料部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：在所述转盘组件底部设有护板组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述护板组件包括底弧板和设置在所述底弧板上的插排组件，所述底弧板与锥形面腔室相接，所述插排组件设置在所述底弧板与所述锥形面腔室之间。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述插排组件包括门架、分别与所述门架左右两侧对应活动连接的两个插排、以及对称设置在所述门架左右两侧的两个侧挡板，所述门架设有取料口。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述下层取料部包括取料环以及设置在所述取料环中的内档环，所述取料环包括呈环形布置的多个隔料肋，各所述隔料肋与所述内档环相连，每相邻的两个所述隔料肋与所述内档环之间组成一个取料槽孔。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：在所述中层主扰动盘的外侧面上设置有多个扰动块。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述辅动辅动围挡由间隔布置的圆弧面和切平面组成。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述轴系组件包括主轴、第一轴承、第二轴承、退卸轴承套和推力轴承，所述第一轴承和第二轴承从上到下分别安装在所述主轴上，所述第一轴承和第二轴承均设置于所述退卸轴承套内；所述推力轴承安装在所述主轴上，且所述推力轴承设置于所述退卸轴承套上部。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：还包括承压壳体组件，所述传动机构的上下两端分别与所述动力机构、执行机构可拆卸连接；所述传动机构外部设有联轴器支座，所述联轴器支座与轴承座套相连，所述轴承座套与所述承压壳体组件相连。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的卸料装置，其特征在于：所述承压壳体组件上设置有扰动机构，所述扰动机构均为直线往复驱动机构。
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