WO2020133975A1 - Rotation friction squeeze riveting apparatus and riveting method therefor - Google Patents

Rotation friction squeeze riveting apparatus and riveting method therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133975A1
WO2020133975A1 PCT/CN2019/092650 CN2019092650W WO2020133975A1 WO 2020133975 A1 WO2020133975 A1 WO 2020133975A1 CN 2019092650 W CN2019092650 W CN 2019092650W WO 2020133975 A1 WO2020133975 A1 WO 2020133975A1
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Prior art keywords
head
friction
circular
rivet
work piece
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
倪瑞洋
沈以赴
严银飞
侯文涛
李军平
郭晓晗
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/027—Setting rivets by friction heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/10—Riveting machines
    • B21J15/30—Particular elements, e.g. supports; Suspension equipment specially adapted for portable riveters
    • B21J15/32—Devices for inserting or holding rivets in position with or without feeding arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of metal connection, in particular to a rotary friction extrusion riveting device and a riveting method.
  • Riveting technology is an indispensable connection technology in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace and other fields.
  • Traditional cold riveting technology is usually used on small-diameter rivets.
  • the plasticity of the rivet material is high; hot riveting is to heat the rivet to a certain temperature.
  • the later riveting method is suitable for rivets with large diameter and poor plasticity.
  • the energy consumption of the riveting process is large.
  • the rivet heated to a certain temperature needs to be inserted into the nail hole. It is relatively high and requires the heating device to be close to the operating site.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary friction extrusion riveting device with a simple structure.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a riveting method using the device.
  • the technical solution 1 of the present invention is a rotary friction extrusion riveting device, including a working table, a working head, a supporting plate and a working head drive control device, wherein,
  • the working table is used for overlapping and fixing the first work piece and the second work piece, and making more than one circular through hole on the first work piece and the corresponding more than one circular through hole on the second work piece coaxial, wherein the first work piece
  • the one or more circular through-holes on the second workpiece and the corresponding one or more circular through-holes have equal diameters, respectively, for inserting the nail rods of flat head rivets;
  • the support plate is provided on the side of the second work piece, parallel to the surface of the work piece, and the surface of the support plate facing the work piece is processed with a position corresponding to more than one circular through hole of the first work piece and the second work piece, and the shape matches the flat head of the flat head rivet More than one circular groove of the support plate, the flat heads of more than one flat head rivet are respectively included in the circular groove of the support plate, the support plate is used to move to the workpiece against the surface of the workpiece and the nail rods of more than one flat head rivet are inserted into the first More than one circular through hole corresponding to the workpiece and the second workpiece;
  • the working head is set at the nail rod end of the flat head rivet, and includes a clamping device and a friction head.
  • One end of the clamping device is operatively connected to the driving control device of the working head, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the friction head.
  • the working head drive control device drives the clamping device to drive the rotation and displacement of the friction head, so that the spherical grooves of the friction head are aligned with more than one flat head rivet one by one and frictionally squeezes the nail rod end of the flat head rivet.
  • the spherical crown nail head structure with the same shape of the spherical groove of the friction head plays a riveting and fixing role on the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
  • the radius of the nail rod of the flat head rivet is smaller than the radius of the circular through hole of the first workpiece by 0.5 to 1 mm.
  • the shape of the circular groove of the supporting plate matches the flat head of the flat head rivet includes: the radius of the circular surface of the circular groove of the supporting plate is the same as the flat head radius of the flat head rivet, and the groove depth is equal to the flat head thickness of the flat head rivet Same, limited effect on flat head rivets.
  • the positions of the circular grooves processed on the supporting plate corresponding to the corresponding one or more circular through holes of the first workpiece and the second workpiece include: the circular grooves processed on the supporting plate are respectively The corresponding one or more circular through-hole coaxial lines of the first workpiece and the second workpiece.
  • the radius of the spherical surface of the spherical groove of the friction head is the same as the radius of the flat head of the flat head rivet, and the arc of the cross section of the spherical groove of the friction head is 1/3 circle.
  • both the friction head and the support plate are made of a material with a hardness greater than that of the flat head rivets.
  • a rotary friction extrusion riveting method using the rotary friction extrusion riveting device described in technical solution 1 includes the following steps:
  • step (e) Repeat step (d) for the other one of the more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which plays a riveting and fixing role on the first work piece and the second work piece ;
  • the volume of the portion of the nail head of the flat head rivet that is higher than the first workpiece is 1.1 times the volume of the spherical groove of the friction head.
  • the first workpiece and the second workpiece are made of the same or different metals.
  • the rotation speed of the friction head in the step (d) is 1000-1800 rpm, and the pressing speed is 2-5 mm/min.
  • the present invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following technical effects:
  • the device of the present invention has a simple structure, and flat head rivets used for riveting are standard parts; the present invention solves the stepwise riveting operation of traditional hot riveting, that is, the process of heating the rivet first and then inserting the rivet, which simplifies the operation and improves the efficiency;
  • the friction head rotates and squeezes the rivet to obtain a complete riveted joint at one time;
  • the present invention uses a circular groove limiting rivet of the support plate so that the rivet is not eccentric in the through hole;
  • the present invention uses friction heat to heat the rivet without the need of an external heating source, The cost is saved; the groove design of the friction head can obtain the nail head with regular shape at one time, with good repeatability and high joint strength.
  • the spherical crown nail head structure of the rivet nail rod end plays a good axial fixing role .
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a half cross-sectional view of the present invention.
  • Rotary friction extrusion riveting technology is to use the driving device to drive the friction head to rotate at high speed, and to thermally plasticize the rivet through the friction between the spherical groove of the friction head and the rivet rod end, and at the same time make the plasticization under the friction extrusion of the friction head
  • the rivet material fills the spherical groove, and finally a spherical crown nail head structure is formed at the end of the nail rod, so as to realize the riveting connection of the workpiece.
  • This riveting method uses flat head rivets, which is easy to manufacture; friction heat and squeezing force are applied at the same time during the riveting process, avoiding the stepwise operation of heating the rivet first and then inserting the rivet in the traditional hot riveting, simple operation, easy to realize automation; the riveting method No additional heating device is needed, saving cost and energy consumption.
  • the metal workpieces 6 and 11 of 150mm ⁇ 150mm ⁇ 4mm are lapped and fixed on the working table 5.
  • the metal workpieces 6 and 11 are the same or different metal materials, and the through holes 7 and 8 are processed on the through hole radius Both are 3.5mm, and the through holes 7 and 8 are coaxial.
  • the length of the nail rod of the flat head rivet 4 is 16mm, the radius is 3mm, the radius of the flat head is 6mm, and the thickness is 2.4mm.
  • the friction head 2 is connected to the working head drive control device through the clamping device 1.
  • the length of the non-clamping part of the friction head 2 is 20 mm and the radius is 9 mm.
  • the bottom surface of the friction head 2 is provided with a spherical groove 3 whose spherical radius is 7 mm.
  • the radius of the bottom circular surface is 6mm.
  • a circular groove 9 is processed on the support plate 10, the radius of the circular surface is 6 mm, and the height of the groove is 2.4 mm.
  • the friction head 2 rotates at high speed and axially squeezes the flat head rivet 4, the plasticized ball head rivet 4 gradually fills the spherical groove 3, and when the bottom surface of the friction head 2 comes into contact with the surface of the workpiece 6, the axial extrusion movement is stopped and the friction head 2 The shaft is lifted up to form a spherical crown nail head structure at the nail rod end of the flat head rivet 4.
  • the axial squeezing movement can be stopped by setting the coordinates of the tool setting before riveting.
  • the 2024 aluminum alloy riveting connection is carried out by using the rotary friction extrusion riveting device as shown in Figure 1, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • step (4) for the other of more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which plays a riveting and fixing role on the 2024 aluminum alloy workpieces 6 and 11;
  • the rotary friction extrusion riveting device as shown in Fig. 1 is used for riveting connection of T2 industrial pure copper and 6061 aluminum alloy, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • step (4) for the other of more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which riveted the T2 industrial pure copper plate 6 and 6061 aluminum alloy 11 Fixation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

A rotation friction squeeze riveting apparatus, comprising a work bench (5), a work head, a supporting plate (10) and a work head drive control apparatus; the work head comprises a clamping apparatus (1) and a friction head (2), a bottom surface of the friction head (2) being provided with a spherical recess (3); circular recesses (9) are processed on the supporting plate (10), the circular recesses (9) matching flush heads of flush rivets (4). A rotation friction squeeze riveting method.

Description

一种旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置及其铆接方法Rotary friction extrusion riveting device and riveting method 技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及金属连接技术领域，具体为一种旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置及其铆接方法。The invention relates to the technical field of metal connection, in particular to a rotary friction extrusion riveting device and a riveting method.

背景技术Background technique

铆接技术是汽车制造、航空航天等领域不可或缺的连接技术，传统的冷铆技术通常用在小直径的铆钉上，同时对铆钉材料的塑性要求较高；热铆是将铆钉加热到一定温度后进行的铆接方法，适用直径较大和材质塑性较差的铆钉，但是由于需要额外加热，铆接过程能耗较大，传统热铆接过程中需将加热到一定温度的铆钉插入钉孔，操作危险系数较高，并且要求加热装置靠近操作场地。Riveting technology is an indispensable connection technology in the fields of automobile manufacturing, aerospace and other fields. Traditional cold riveting technology is usually used on small-diameter rivets. At the same time, the plasticity of the rivet material is high; hot riveting is to heat the rivet to a certain temperature. The later riveting method is suitable for rivets with large diameter and poor plasticity. However, due to the additional heating, the energy consumption of the riveting process is large. In the traditional thermal riveting process, the rivet heated to a certain temperature needs to be inserted into the nail hole. It is relatively high and requires the heating device to be close to the operating site.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是：The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

为了克服现有热铆技术中存在的不足，本发明目的是提供一种结构简单的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，本发明的另一目的是提供一种利用该装置的铆接方法。In order to overcome the shortcomings in the existing hot riveting technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary friction extrusion riveting device with a simple structure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a riveting method using the device.

本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

本发明的技术方案1为一种旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，包括工作台、工作头、支撑板及工作头驱动控制装置，其中，The technical solution 1 of the present invention is a rotary friction extrusion riveting device, including a working table, a working head, a supporting plate and a working head drive control device, wherein,

工作台用于使第一工件和第二工件搭接固定，且使第一工件上的一个以上圆形通孔和第二工件上的相应一个以上圆形通孔共轴线，其中第一工件上的所述一个以上圆形通孔与第二工件上的所述相应一个以上圆形通孔具有相等孔径，分别供平头铆钉的钉杆插入；The working table is used for overlapping and fixing the first work piece and the second work piece, and making more than one circular through hole on the first work piece and the corresponding more than one circular through hole on the second work piece coaxial, wherein the first work piece The one or more circular through-holes on the second workpiece and the corresponding one or more circular through-holes have equal diameters, respectively, for inserting the nail rods of flat head rivets;

支撑板设在第二工件侧，平行于工件表面，支撑板面对工件的表面加工有位置与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔对应且形状与平头铆钉的平头匹配的一个以上支撑板圆形凹槽，一个以上平头铆钉的平头分别纳入支撑板圆形凹槽内，支撑板用于向工件位移至抵靠工件表面且使一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆分别插入第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔；The support plate is provided on the side of the second work piece, parallel to the surface of the work piece, and the surface of the support plate facing the work piece is processed with a position corresponding to more than one circular through hole of the first work piece and the second work piece, and the shape matches the flat head of the flat head rivet More than one circular groove of the support plate, the flat heads of more than one flat head rivet are respectively included in the circular groove of the support plate, the support plate is used to move to the workpiece against the surface of the workpiece and the nail rods of more than one flat head rivet are inserted into the first More than one circular through hole corresponding to the workpiece and the second workpiece;

工作头设在平头铆钉的钉杆端，包括夹持装置和摩擦头，夹持装置一端可操作地连接至工作头驱动控制装置，另一端与摩擦头的一端固定连接，摩擦头的另一端设有摩擦头球面凹 槽；The working head is set at the nail rod end of the flat head rivet, and includes a clamping device and a friction head. One end of the clamping device is operatively connected to the driving control device of the working head, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the friction head. Spherical groove with friction head;

工作头驱动控制装置驱动夹持装置，从而带动摩擦头旋转和位移，使摩擦头球面凹槽逐一与一个以上平头铆钉对准且摩擦挤压平头铆钉的钉杆端，在钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽形状相同的球冠钉头结构，对第一工件和第二工件起到铆接固定作用。The working head drive control device drives the clamping device to drive the rotation and displacement of the friction head, so that the spherical grooves of the friction head are aligned with more than one flat head rivet one by one and frictionally squeezes the nail rod end of the flat head rivet. The spherical crown nail head structure with the same shape of the spherical groove of the friction head plays a riveting and fixing role on the first workpiece and the second workpiece.

优选地，平头铆钉的钉杆半径比第一工件的圆形通孔半径小0.5～1mm。Preferably, the radius of the nail rod of the flat head rivet is smaller than the radius of the circular through hole of the first workpiece by 0.5 to 1 mm.

优选地，所述支撑板圆形凹槽的形状与平头铆钉的平头匹配包括：所述支撑板圆形凹槽的圆面半径与平头铆钉的平头半径相同，凹槽深度与平头铆钉的平头厚度相同，对平头铆钉有限位作用。Preferably, the shape of the circular groove of the supporting plate matches the flat head of the flat head rivet includes: the radius of the circular surface of the circular groove of the supporting plate is the same as the flat head radius of the flat head rivet, and the groove depth is equal to the flat head thickness of the flat head rivet Same, limited effect on flat head rivets.

优选地，所述支撑板上所加工的圆形凹槽的位置与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔对应包括：所述支撑板上所加工的圆形凹槽分别与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔同轴线。Preferably, the positions of the circular grooves processed on the supporting plate corresponding to the corresponding one or more circular through holes of the first workpiece and the second workpiece include: the circular grooves processed on the supporting plate are respectively The corresponding one or more circular through-hole coaxial lines of the first workpiece and the second workpiece.

优选地，所述摩擦头球面凹槽的圆面半径与平头铆钉的平头半径相同，摩擦头球面凹槽的截面圆弧为1/3圆。Preferably, the radius of the spherical surface of the spherical groove of the friction head is the same as the radius of the flat head of the flat head rivet, and the arc of the cross section of the spherical groove of the friction head is 1/3 circle.

优选地，摩擦头与支撑板均由硬度大于平头铆钉的材料制成。Preferably, both the friction head and the support plate are made of a material with a hardness greater than that of the flat head rivets.

在另一实施例中，提供一种利用技术方案1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置的旋转摩擦挤压铆接方法，包括以下步骤：In another embodiment, a rotary friction extrusion riveting method using the rotary friction extrusion riveting device described in technical solution 1 includes the following steps:

(a)对第一工件和第二工件上的一个以上圆形通孔的内表面以及一个以上平头铆钉的表面进行去污处理；(a) Decontaminate the inner surface of more than one circular through hole and the surface of more than one flat head rivet on the first and second workpieces;

(b)将第一工件和第二工件搭接，使第一工件上的一个以上圆形通孔和第二工件上的相应一个以上圆形通孔共轴线，装夹固定第一工件和第二工件；(b) The first work piece and the second work piece are overlapped so that more than one circular through hole on the first work piece and the corresponding more than one circular through hole on the second work piece are coaxial, and the first work piece and the second work piece are clamped and fixed Two artifacts;

(c)将一个以上平头铆钉的平头端分别插入支撑板圆形凹槽，移动支撑板至抵靠第二工件表面且使平头铆钉的钉杆插入工件圆形通孔；(c) Insert the flat end of more than one flat head rivet into the circular groove of the support plate, move the support plate against the surface of the second workpiece and insert the nail rod of the flat head rivet into the circular through hole of the workpiece;

(d)调整摩擦头位置，使摩擦头与第一工件和第二工件上的一个圆形通孔共轴线，使摩擦头高速旋转，并向工件侧下压，摩擦头球面凹槽摩擦挤压平头铆钉的钉杆端，当摩擦头的端面与第一工件表面接触后，摩擦头保持旋转，同时轴向上提，此时在平头铆钉的钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽形状相同的球冠钉头结构；(d) Adjust the position of the friction head so that the friction head is coaxial with a circular through hole on the first and second workpieces, so that the friction head rotates at high speed and presses down toward the workpiece side, and the spherical groove of the friction head squeezes out The nail rod end of the flattened head rivet, when the end surface of the friction head contacts the surface of the first workpiece, the friction head keeps rotating, while lifting axially, at this time, the spherical groove shape of the nail head of the flat head rivet is formed with the friction head The same ball crown nail head structure;

(e)针对一个以上平头铆钉中的另一者重复步骤(d),直至在一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆端均形成球冠钉头结构，对第一工件和第二工件起到铆接固定作用；(e) Repeat step (d) for the other one of the more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which plays a riveting and fixing role on the first work piece and the second work piece ;

(f)待第一工件和第二工件冷却后，从工作台上取下，即完成铆接连接。(f) After the first work piece and the second work piece are cooled, they are removed from the worktable to complete the riveting connection.

优选地，平头铆钉的钉杆端高出第一工件的部分的体积为摩擦头球面凹槽体积的1.1倍。Preferably, the volume of the portion of the nail head of the flat head rivet that is higher than the first workpiece is 1.1 times the volume of the spherical groove of the friction head.

优选地，第一工件和第二工件由同种或异种金属制成。Preferably, the first workpiece and the second workpiece are made of the same or different metals.

优选地，所述步骤(d)中的摩擦头旋转速度为1000～1800rpm，下压速度为2～5mm/min。Preferably, the rotation speed of the friction head in the step (d) is 1000-1800 rpm, and the pressing speed is 2-5 mm/min.

本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solutions and has the following technical effects:

本发明的装置结构简单，铆接采用的平头铆钉为标准件；本发明解决了传统热铆的分步铆接操作，即先加热铆钉后插铆钉的过程，简化了操作，提高了效率；本发明采用摩擦头旋转挤压铆钉，可一次性获得完好的铆接接头；本发明采用支撑板圆形凹槽限位铆钉，使得铆钉在通孔内不偏心；本发明利用摩擦热加热铆钉，无需外加热源，节约了成本；摩擦头凹槽设计可一次性获得形状规整的钉头，重复性好，接头强度高，保证铆接完成后，铆钉钉杆端的球冠钉头结构起到很好的轴向固定作用。The device of the present invention has a simple structure, and flat head rivets used for riveting are standard parts; the present invention solves the stepwise riveting operation of traditional hot riveting, that is, the process of heating the rivet first and then inserting the rivet, which simplifies the operation and improves the efficiency; The friction head rotates and squeezes the rivet to obtain a complete riveted joint at one time; the present invention uses a circular groove limiting rivet of the support plate so that the rivet is not eccentric in the through hole; the present invention uses friction heat to heat the rivet without the need of an external heating source, The cost is saved; the groove design of the friction head can obtain the nail head with regular shape at one time, with good repeatability and high joint strength. After the riveting is completed, the spherical crown nail head structure of the rivet nail rod end plays a good axial fixing role .

附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION

图1是本发明的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

图2是本发明的半剖示图。Fig. 2 is a half cross-sectional view of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

旋转摩擦挤压铆接技术是利用驱动装置带动摩擦头高速旋转，通过摩擦头球面凹槽与铆钉钉杆端之间的摩擦热塑化铆钉，同时在摩擦头的摩擦挤压作用下使得塑化的铆钉材料填充球面凹槽，最终在钉杆端形成球冠钉头结构，从而实现工件的铆接连接。该铆接方法使用的是平头铆钉，易于制造；铆接过程摩擦热和挤压力同时施加，避免了传统热铆先加热铆钉后插铆钉的分步式操作，操作简单，易于实现自动化；该铆接方法不需要额外的加热装置，节约成本和能耗。Rotary friction extrusion riveting technology is to use the driving device to drive the friction head to rotate at high speed, and to thermally plasticize the rivet through the friction between the spherical groove of the friction head and the rivet rod end, and at the same time make the plasticization under the friction extrusion of the friction head The rivet material fills the spherical groove, and finally a spherical crown nail head structure is formed at the end of the nail rod, so as to realize the riveting connection of the workpiece. This riveting method uses flat head rivets, which is easy to manufacture; friction heat and squeezing force are applied at the same time during the riveting process, avoiding the stepwise operation of heating the rivet first and then inserting the rivet in the traditional hot riveting, simple operation, easy to realize automation; the riveting method No additional heating device is needed, saving cost and energy consumption.

下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings:

如图1，将150mm×150mm×4mm的金属工件6和11搭接固定在工作台5，金属工件6和11为同种或者异种金属材料，其上加工有通孔7和8，通孔半径均为3.5mm，且通孔7和8共轴线。As shown in Fig. 1, the metal workpieces 6 and 11 of 150mm×150mm×4mm are lapped and fixed on the working table 5. The metal workpieces 6 and 11 are the same or different metal materials, and the through holes 7 and 8 are processed on the through hole radius Both are 3.5mm, and the through holes 7 and 8 are coaxial.

如图2，平头铆钉4的钉杆长度为16mm，半径为3mm，平头半径为6mm，厚度为2.4mm。摩擦头2通过夹持装置1连接到工作头驱动控制装置上，摩擦头2的非夹持部分长度为20mm，半径为9mm，摩擦头2的底面设置球面凹槽3，其球面半径为7mm，底部圆面半径为6mm。支撑板10上加工有圆形凹槽9，其圆面半径为6mm，凹槽高度为2.4mm。As shown in Fig. 2, the length of the nail rod of the flat head rivet 4 is 16mm, the radius is 3mm, the radius of the flat head is 6mm, and the thickness is 2.4mm. The friction head 2 is connected to the working head drive control device through the clamping device 1. The length of the non-clamping part of the friction head 2 is 20 mm and the radius is 9 mm. The bottom surface of the friction head 2 is provided with a spherical groove 3 whose spherical radius is 7 mm. The radius of the bottom circular surface is 6mm. A circular groove 9 is processed on the support plate 10, the radius of the circular surface is 6 mm, and the height of the groove is 2.4 mm.

铆接前将平头铆钉4的平头端插入支撑板10的圆形凹槽9，移动支撑板10至抵靠工件11表面且使平头铆钉4的钉杆插入工件6和11的圆形通孔7和8；Before riveting, insert the flat end of the flat head rivet 4 into the circular groove 9 of the support plate 10, move the support plate 10 against the surface of the workpiece 11 and insert the nail rod of the flat head rivet 4 into the circular through holes 7 of the work pieces 6 and 11 and 8;

摩擦头2高速旋转并轴向挤压平头铆钉4，塑化的球头铆钉4逐渐填充满球面凹槽3，待 摩擦头2底面与工件6表面接触时，停止轴向挤压运动，摩擦头2轴向上提，从而在平头铆钉4的钉杆端形成球冠钉头结构。The friction head 2 rotates at high speed and axially squeezes the flat head rivet 4, the plasticized ball head rivet 4 gradually fills the spherical groove 3, and when the bottom surface of the friction head 2 comes into contact with the surface of the workpiece 6, the axial extrusion movement is stopped and the friction head 2 The shaft is lifted up to form a spherical crown nail head structure at the nail rod end of the flat head rivet 4.

针对一个以上平头铆钉中的另一者重复步骤，从而对工件6和11起到铆接固定作用。Repeat the steps for the other one of the more than one flat head rivet, so that the work pieces 6 and 11 are riveted and fixed.

摩擦头端面与工件表面接触后停止轴向挤压运动，可通过铆接前的对刀设定坐标来实现。After the end face of the friction head contacts the surface of the workpiece, the axial squeezing movement can be stopped by setting the coordinates of the tool setting before riveting.

实施例1Example 1

采用如图1的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置进行2024铝合金铆接连接，具体包括以下步骤：The 2024 aluminum alloy riveting connection is carried out by using the rotary friction extrusion riveting device as shown in Figure 1, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1)对2024铝合金工件6和11上的通孔7和8的内表面以及2024铝合金平头铆钉4的表面进行去污处理；(1) Decontaminate the inner surfaces of the through holes 7 and 8 on the 2024 aluminum alloy workpieces 6 and 11 and the surface of the 2024 aluminum alloy flat head rivet 4;

(2)装夹固定2024铝合金工件6和11，使得通孔7和8共轴线，将摩擦头2通过夹持装置1安装在工作头驱动控制装置上；(2) Fix and fix the 2024 aluminum alloy workpieces 6 and 11 so that the through holes 7 and 8 are coaxial, and the friction head 2 is installed on the working head drive control device through the clamping device 1;

(3)将铝合金平头铆钉4的平头端插入支撑板10的圆形凹槽9，移动支撑板10至抵靠工件11表面且使铝合金平头铆钉4的钉杆插入工件6和11的圆形通孔7和8中；(3) Insert the flat end of the aluminum alloy flat head rivet 4 into the circular groove 9 of the support plate 10, move the support plate 10 against the surface of the workpiece 11 and insert the nail rod of the aluminum alloy flat head rivet 4 into the circle of the workpieces 6 and 11 Through holes 7 and 8;

(4)调节摩擦头2至铆接区正上方，使摩擦头与通孔7和8共轴线，摩擦头2以1200rpm的速度高速旋转，并以5mm/min的速度向铆钉侧轴向移动，摩擦头球面凹槽3摩擦挤压平头铆钉4的钉杆端，塑化的铆钉材料在摩擦头2的旋转挤压作用下逐渐填充球面凹槽3，当摩擦头2的端面与工件6表面接触后，摩擦头2保持旋转，同时轴向上提，此时在平头铆钉4的钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽3形状相同的球冠钉头结构；(4) Adjust the friction head 2 to be directly above the riveting area so that the friction head is coaxial with the through holes 7 and 8. The friction head 2 rotates at a high speed of 1200 rpm and moves axially to the rivet side at a speed of 5 mm/min. The spherical head groove 3 frictionally squeezes the nail rod end of the flat head rivet 4, the plasticized rivet material gradually fills the spherical groove 3 under the action of the rotational extrusion of the friction head 2, when the end surface of the friction head 2 contacts the surface of the workpiece 6 After that, the friction head 2 keeps rotating while being lifted up axially. At this time, a spherical crown nail head structure having the same shape as the spherical groove 3 of the friction head is formed on the nail rod end of the flat head rivet 4;

(5)针对一个以上平头铆钉中的另一者重复步骤(4),直至在一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆端均形成球面钉头结构，对2024铝合金工件6和11起到铆接固定作用；(5) Repeat step (4) for the other of more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which plays a riveting and fixing role on the 2024 aluminum alloy workpieces 6 and 11;

(6)待铝合金工件6和11冷却后，从工作台5上取下，即完成铆接连接。(6) After the aluminum alloy workpieces 6 and 11 are cooled, remove them from the workbench 5 to complete the riveting connection.

实施例2Example 2

采用如图1的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置进行T2工业纯铜和6061铝合金的铆接连接，具体包括以下步骤：The rotary friction extrusion riveting device as shown in Fig. 1 is used for riveting connection of T2 industrial pure copper and 6061 aluminum alloy, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1)对T2工业纯铜板及6061铝合金板的通孔7和8的内表面以及T2纯铜平头铆钉4的表面进行去污处理；(1) Decontaminate the inner surface of the through holes 7 and 8 of the T2 industrial pure copper plate and 6061 aluminum alloy plate and the surface of the T2 pure copper flat head rivet 4;

(2)装夹固定T2工业纯铜板6和6061铝合金板11，使得通孔7和8共轴线，将摩擦头2通过夹持装置1安装在工作头驱动控制装置上；(2) Fixing and fixing the T2 industrial pure copper plate 6 and 6061 aluminum alloy plate 11 so that the through holes 7 and 8 are coaxial, and the friction head 2 is installed on the working head drive control device through the clamping device 1;

(3)将T2工业纯铜平头铆钉4的平头端插入支撑板10的圆形凹槽9，移动支撑板10至抵靠6061铝合金11表面且使T2纯铜平头铆钉4的钉杆插入T2工业纯铜及6061铝合金的通孔7和8中；(3) Insert the flat end of the T2 industrial pure copper flat head rivet 4 into the circular groove 9 of the support plate 10, move the support plate 10 against the surface of the 6061 aluminum alloy 11 and insert the nail rod of the T2 pure copper flat head rivet 4 into T2 Through holes 7 and 8 in industrial pure copper and 6061 aluminum alloy;

(4)调节摩擦头2至铆接区正上方，使摩擦头与通孔7和8共轴线，摩擦头2以1400rpm的速度高速旋转，并以2mm/min的速度向铆钉侧轴向移动，摩擦头球面凹槽3摩擦挤压T2纯铜平头铆钉4的钉杆端，塑化的铆钉材料在摩擦头2的旋转挤压作用下逐渐填充球面凹槽3，当摩擦头2的端面与T2纯铜板6表面接触后，摩擦头2保持旋转，同时轴向上提，此时在T2纯铜平头铆钉4的钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽3形状相同的球冠钉头结构；(4) Adjust the friction head 2 to be directly above the riveting area, so that the friction head and the through holes 7 and 8 are coaxial, the friction head 2 rotates at a high speed of 1400rpm, and moves axially to the rivet side at a speed of 2mm/min, friction The head spherical groove 3 frictionally squeezes the rod end of the T2 pure copper flat head rivet 4, the plasticized rivet material gradually fills the spherical groove 3 under the action of the rotational extrusion of the friction head 2, when the end surface of the friction head 2 and T2 After the surface of the pure copper plate 6 contacts, the friction head 2 keeps rotating while lifting up axially. At this time, a spherical crown nail head structure with the same shape as the spherical groove 3 of the friction head is formed at the nail rod end of the T2 pure copper flat head rivet 4;

(5)针对一个以上平头铆钉中的另一者重复步骤(4),直至在一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆端均形成球面钉头结构，对T2工业纯铜板6和6061铝合金11起到铆接固定作用；(5) Repeat step (4) for the other of more than one flat head rivet until the spherical rod head structure is formed at the nail rod end of more than one flat head rivet, which riveted the T2 industrial pure copper plate 6 and 6061 aluminum alloy 11 Fixation

(6)待T2工业纯铜板6和铝合金板11冷却后，从工作台上取下，即完成铆接连接。(6) After the T2 industrial pure copper plate 6 and the aluminum alloy plate 11 are cooled, remove them from the worktable, and then complete the riveting connection.

以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种等同变换，这些等同变换均属于本发明的保护范围。The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations All belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

一种旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，包括工作台、工作头、支撑板及工作头驱动控制装置，其特征在于，A rotary friction extrusion riveting device includes a working table, a working head, a supporting plate and a working head drive control device, which is characterized in that: 工作台用于使第一工件和第二工件搭接固定，且使第一工件上的一个以上圆形通孔和第二工件上的相应一个以上圆形通孔共轴线，其中第一工件上的所述一个以上圆形通孔与第二工件上的所述相应一个以上圆形通孔具有相等孔径，分别供平头铆钉的钉杆插入；The working table is used for overlapping and fixing the first work piece and the second work piece, and making more than one circular through hole on the first work piece and the corresponding more than one circular through hole on the second work piece coaxial, wherein the first work piece The one or more circular through-holes on the second workpiece and the corresponding one or more circular through-holes have equal diameters, respectively, for inserting the nail rods of flat head rivets; 支撑板设在第二工件侧，平行于工件表面，支撑板面对工件的表面加工有位置与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔对应且形状与平头铆钉的平头匹配的一个以上支撑板圆形凹槽，一个以上平头铆钉的平头分别纳入支撑板圆形凹槽内，支撑板用于向工件位移至抵靠工件表面且使一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆分别插入第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔；The support plate is provided on the side of the second work piece, parallel to the surface of the work piece, and the surface of the support plate facing the work piece is processed with a position corresponding to more than one circular through hole of the first work piece and the second work piece, and the shape matches the flat head of the flat head rivet More than one circular groove of the support plate, the flat heads of more than one flat head rivet are respectively included in the circular groove of the support plate, the support plate is used to move to the workpiece against the surface of the workpiece and the nail rods of more than one flat head rivet are inserted into the first More than one circular through hole corresponding to the workpiece and the second workpiece; 工作头设在平头铆钉的钉杆端，包括夹持装置和摩擦头，夹持装置一端可操作地连接至工作头驱动控制装置，另一端与摩擦头的一端固定连接，摩擦头的另一端设有摩擦头球面凹槽；The working head is set at the nail rod end of the flat head rivet, and includes a clamping device and a friction head. One end of the clamping device is operatively connected to the driving control device of the working head, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the friction head. Spherical groove with friction head; 工作头驱动控制装置驱动夹持装置，从而带动摩擦头旋转和位移，使摩擦头球面凹槽逐一与一个以上平头铆钉对准且摩擦挤压平头铆钉的钉杆端，在钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽形状相同的球冠钉头结构，对第一工件和第二工件起到铆接固定作用。The working head drive control device drives the clamping device to drive the rotation and displacement of the friction head, so that the spherical grooves of the friction head are aligned with more than one flat head rivet one by one and frictionally squeezes the nail rod end of the flat head rivet. The spherical crown nail head structure with the same shape of the spherical groove of the friction head plays a riveting and fixing role on the first workpiece and the second workpiece. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，其特征在于，平头铆钉的钉杆半径比第一工件的圆形通孔半径小0.5～1mm。The rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, wherein the radius of the nail rod of the flat head rivet is smaller than the radius of the circular through hole of the first work piece by 0.5 to 1 mm. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，其特征在于，所述支撑板圆形凹槽的形状与平头铆钉的平头匹配包括：所述支撑板圆形凹槽的圆面半径与平头铆钉的平头半径相同，凹槽深度与平头铆钉的平头厚度相同，对平头铆钉有限位作用。The rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the circular groove of the support plate and the flat head of the flat head rivet include: the radius of the circular surface of the circular groove of the support plate and the flat head The radius of the flat head of the rivet is the same, and the depth of the groove is the same as the thickness of the flat head of the flat head rivet, which has a limited effect on the flat head rivet. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，其特征在于，所述支撑板上所加工的圆形凹槽的位置与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔对应包括：所述支撑板上所加工的圆形凹槽分别与第一工件和第二工件的相应一个以上圆形通孔同轴线。The rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, wherein the position of the circular groove processed on the support plate corresponding to the corresponding one or more circular through holes of the first workpiece and the second workpiece includes : The circular grooves processed on the support plate are coaxial with the corresponding one or more circular through holes of the first workpiece and the second workpiece, respectively. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，其特征在于：所述摩擦头球面凹 槽的圆面半径与平头铆钉的平头半径相同，摩擦头球面凹槽的截面圆弧为1/3圆。The rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the radius of the spherical surface of the spherical groove of the friction head is the same as the radius of the flat head of the flat head rivet, and the arc of the cross section of the spherical groove of the friction head is 1 /3 circle. 根据权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置，其特征在于：摩擦头与支撑板均由硬度大于平头铆钉的材料制成。The rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, wherein the friction head and the support plate are both made of a material with hardness greater than that of the flat head rivet. 一种利用权利要求1所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接装置的旋转摩擦挤压铆接方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：A rotary friction extrusion riveting method using the rotary friction extrusion riveting device according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes the following steps: (a)对第一工件和第二工件上的一个以上圆形通孔的内表面以及一个以上平头铆钉的表面进行去污处理；(a) Decontaminate the inner surface of more than one circular through hole and the surface of more than one flat head rivet on the first and second workpieces; (b)将第一工件和第二工件搭接，使第一工件上的一个以上圆形通孔和第二工件上的相应一个以上圆形通孔共轴线，装夹固定第一工件和第二工件；(b) The first work piece and the second work piece are overlapped so that more than one circular through hole on the first work piece and the corresponding more than one circular through hole on the second work piece are coaxial, and the first work piece and the second work piece are clamped and fixed Two artifacts; (c)将一个以上平头铆钉的平头端分别插入支撑板圆形凹槽，移动支撑板至抵靠第二工件表面且使平头铆钉的钉杆插入工件圆形通孔；(c) Insert the flat end of more than one flat head rivet into the circular groove of the support plate, move the support plate against the surface of the second workpiece and insert the nail rod of the flat head rivet into the circular through hole of the workpiece; (d)调整摩擦头位置，使摩擦头与第一工件和第二工件上的一个圆形通孔共轴线，使摩擦头高速旋转，并向工件侧下压，摩擦头球面凹槽摩擦挤压平头铆钉的钉杆端，当摩擦头的端面与第一工件表面接触后，摩擦头保持旋转，同时轴向上提，此时在平头铆钉的钉杆端形成与摩擦头球面凹槽形状相同的球冠钉头结构；(d) Adjust the position of the friction head so that the friction head is coaxial with a circular through hole on the first and second workpieces, so that the friction head rotates at high speed and presses down toward the workpiece side, and the spherical groove of the friction head squeezes out The nail rod end of the flattened head rivet, when the end surface of the friction head contacts the surface of the first workpiece, the friction head keeps rotating, while lifting axially, at this time, the spherical groove shape of the nail head of the flat head rivet is formed with the friction head The same ball crown nail head structure; (e)针对一个以上平头铆钉中的另一者重复步骤(d),直至在一个以上平头铆钉的钉杆端均形成球冠钉头结构，对第一工件和第二工件起到铆接固定作用；(e) Repeat step (d) for the other one of the more than one flat head rivet until the nail head structure of the one or more flat head rivets is formed with a spherical crown nail head structure, which plays a riveting and fixing role on the first workpiece and the second workpiece ; (f)待第一工件和第二工件冷却后，从工作台上取下，即完成铆接连接。(f) After the first work piece and the second work piece are cooled, they are removed from the worktable to complete the riveting connection. 根据权利要求7所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接方法，其特征在于，平头铆钉的钉杆端高出第一工件的部分的体积为摩擦头球面凹槽体积的1.1倍。The rotary friction extrusion riveting method according to claim 7, wherein the volume of the portion of the nail head of the flat head rivet that is higher than the first workpiece is 1.1 times the volume of the spherical groove of the friction head. 根据权利要求7所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接方法，其特征在于，第一工件和第二工件由同种或异种金属制成。The rotary friction extrusion riveting method according to claim 7, wherein the first work piece and the second work piece are made of the same kind or different kind of metals. 根据权利要求7所述的旋转摩擦挤压铆接方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(d)中的摩擦头旋转速度为1000～1800rpm，下压速度为2～5mm/min。The rotary friction extrusion riveting method according to claim 7, wherein the rotation speed of the friction head in the step (d) is 1000 to 1800 rpm, and the pressing speed is 2 to 5 mm/min.
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