WO2020132865A1

WO2020132865A1 - Antenna unit and phased-array antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2020132865A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/123490
Authority: WO
Inventors: 邓长顺; 王江; 史荣涛
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2018-12-25
Filing date: 2018-12-25
Publication date: 2020-07-02

Abstract

The present application provides an antenna unit and a phased-array antenna. The antenna unit comprises: a reflector, a magnetic dipole, and an electric dipole. The magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are disposed on the reflector; an equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole is parallel with a current direction of the electric dipole. According to the antenna unit provided by the present embodiment, by configuring the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole to be parallel with the current direction of the electric dipole, wide beam surfaces of the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are located on the same direction, and thus a large-angle scanning dual polarized phased-array antenna is achieved. The dual polarized wide beam antenna unit provided by the present embodiment is simple in structure and low in costs.

Description

Antenna unit and phased array antenna

Technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna unit and a phased array antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology, military radar phased array antenna technology has begun to be used in 5G/car radar and other communication scenarios. The phased array antenna technology is to change the maximum direction of the radiation pattern of the array antenna by controlling the feeding phase of the antenna unit in the array antenna, so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning. Compared with traditional mechanical scanning antenna arrays, phased array antennas have the advantages of fast and high-precision beam scanning, beam forming, and multi-beam forming.

As an important index to measure the phased array antenna, the beam scanning width has been the key research direction of the phased array antenna. In the design of phased array antennas, the structural form of the antenna unit largely determines the beam scanning width of the phased array antenna. Therefore, when designing a phased array antenna, a wide beam antenna unit is preferred.

The antenna elements in the phased array antenna are mostly single-polarized antenna elements, which has the problem of low communication efficiency. The wide beam dual polarized antenna unit is an urgent problem to be solved.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides an antenna unit and a phased array antenna, which solves the problem that the antenna unit in the existing phased array antenna is mostly a single-polarized antenna unit, and the communication efficiency is low.

A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, the antenna unit at least includes: a reflective plate, a magnetic dipole, and an electric dipole, wherein,

The magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are disposed on the reflecting plate, and the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole and the current direction of the electric dipole are parallel.

By setting the direction of the equivalent magnetic current of the magnetic dipole and the current direction of the electric dipole in parallel, the wide beam planes of the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are in the same direction, so that the antenna unit has a wide beam characteristic, The dual-polarized wide-beam antenna unit has a simple structure and low cost. When the wide beam antenna unit is applied to a phased array antenna, a dual-polarized phased array antenna with a large-angle beam scanning is truly realized.

In view of the different structures of the magnetic dipole and electric dipole in the antenna unit, this application provides the following possible antenna units:

In a feasible implementation manner, the magnetic dipole adopts a half-loop antenna and has a half-loop structure. The half-loop antenna is placed vertically above the reflection plate, and the loop antenna is simulated by the mirror effect of the reflection plate.

By adopting the half-ring structure, the structure of the magnetic dipole can be simplified, and the space occupied by the antenna unit can be saved.

Further, at least one slot may be provided on the half-loop antenna, and the at least one slot makes the half-loop antenna structurally form at least one capacitor.

By adding capacitance to the half-loop antenna and cutting off the half-loop antenna of the magnetic dipole, the performance of the half-loop antenna can be improved.

Further, when the magnetic dipole uses a half-loop antenna, the height of the electric dipole can be set. Specifically, the difference between the height of the electric dipole relative to the reflection plate and 3/8 of the operating wavelength of the antenna unit is within a preset range.

By arranging the electric dipole at about 3λ/8 above the reflecting plate, the widest beam characteristic of the electric dipole can be obtained.

When the magnetic dipole uses a half-loop antenna, the electric dipole may use a half-wave vibrator, and the half-wave vibrator is placed in parallel above the reflection plate.

When the magnetic dipole uses a half-loop antenna and the electric dipole uses a half-wave vibrator, the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole may be placed vertically.

Optionally, the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole use balun or differential feeding.

Optionally, the magnetic dipole and/or the electric dipole adopt a butterfly structure. By using the butterfly structure, the working bandwidth of the antenna unit can be increased.

In another feasible implementation manner, the magnetic dipole uses a slot antenna, and the slot of the slot antenna is parallel to the plane formed by the electric dipole.

When the slot antenna is used as the magnetic dipole, the electric dipole is placed directly above or above the slot.

Optionally, for adjusting the height of the electric dipole relative to the reflection plate, a method of providing a super surface on the reflection plate and/or the electric dipole may also be adopted.

By adding a metasurface on the antenna unit, the space occupied by the antenna unit can be reduced, and thus the volume of the phased array antenna formed by the antenna unit can be reduced.

In a feasible implementation manner, the magnetic dipole and/or the electric dipole are disposed on a supporting medium; the materials of the supporting medium and the reflecting plate may be any of the following: PCB board, plastic, metal.

A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a phased array antenna, including at least two antenna units in any feasible implementation manner of the first aspect above; each of the antenna units is distributed in an array.

The phased array antenna of the antenna unit in the above feasible implementation manner can truly realize a large-angle beam scanning under the condition of simple structure and low cost.

This application provides an antenna unit and a phased array antenna. The antenna unit includes: a reflecting plate, a magnetic dipole and an electric dipole, wherein the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are arranged on the reflecting plate, and the equivalent magnetic of the magnetic dipole The flow direction is parallel to the current direction of the electric dipole. In the antenna unit provided in this embodiment, by setting the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole and the current direction of the electric dipole in parallel, the wide beam surfaces of the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are in the same direction, Realize the dual-polarized antenna unit's large-angle beam scanning. The dual-polarized wide-beam antenna unit provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and low cost.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic dipole in an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric dipole in an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

4 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 6 of the present application;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 7 of the present application;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 8 of the present application;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

13 is an array scanning direction diagram of a phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

Description of reference signs:

11—Reflecting plate;

12—magnetic dipole;

13—Electric dipole;

14—Half loop antenna;

15—Gap;

16—Half wave oscillator;

17—feeder;

18—Slot antenna;

19—Super surface.

detailed description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit with a wide beam characteristic, which can be applied to a phased array antenna, which increases the beam scanning width of the phased array antenna and improves the performance of the phased array antenna.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna unit includes: a reflective plate 11, a magnetic dipole 12, and an electric dipole 13, wherein,

The magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 are disposed on the reflective plate 11, and the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole 12 and the current direction of the electric dipole 13 are parallel.

Exemplarily, in this embodiment, a reflection plate 11 is added to the antenna unit to improve the radiation performance of the antenna signal. Under the action of the reflective plate 11, the radiant energy of the antenna will be concentrated perpendicular to the reflective plate 11 in the direction of the antenna, thereby increasing the gain and front-to-rear ratio of the antenna unit, thereby increasing the coverage of the antenna. In addition, the reflective plate 11 also serves to block and shield interference from other structures on the back (reverse direction) of the antenna unit.

Illustratively, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 are provided on the same side of the reflective plate 11 for sending or receiving signals to the space.

The electric dipole 13 may be a wire with a preset length at one end, and in principle analysis, it can be regarded as a system composed of two equal charge points of different signs that are close to each other. The magnetic dipole 12 is a physical model established by analogy with an electric dipole, and can be considered as a closed loop current. The magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 can individually transmit or receive signals into space.

In this embodiment, FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic dipole in an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. The 3dB lobe widths of the E-plane and H-plane of the ideal magnetic dipole 12 are 360° and 78°, respectively, and the E-plane is called the wide beam plane (wide plane) of the magnetic dipole. The plane where the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole lies is the H plane of the magnetic dipole. The magnetic dipole 12 is compressed by the reflection plate 11 toward the space where the vibrator is located. The degree of compression is affected by the size of the reflection plate, and a broad beam characteristic is obtained on the E plane.

In this embodiment, FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric dipole in an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. The 3dB lobe widths of the E-plane and H-plane of the ideal electric dipole 13 are 78° and 360°, respectively. The H-plane is called the wide beam plane (wide plane) of the electric dipole 13. The plane where the current direction of the electric dipole 13 is located is the E plane of the electric dipole. The electric dipole 13 is compressed by the reflection plate 11 toward the space where the vibrator is located. The degree of compression is affected by the size of the reflection plate, and a wide beam characteristic is obtained on the H plane.

Among them, the E plane refers to the plane that passes through the direction of maximum radiation and is parallel to the electric field vector. The H plane refers to the wide beam plane that passes through the direction of maximum radiation and is perpendicular to the electric field vector.

In this embodiment, by controlling the parallel magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole 12 and the current direction of the electric dipole 13 to be parallel, the broad beam plane E plane of the magnetic dipole 12 and the wide beam plane of the electric dipole 13 are made The H plane is parallel, so that each polarization of the dual-polarized antenna unit can realize a wide beam in the same direction, thereby realizing a large-angle beam scanning when the antenna unit is applied to a phased array antenna.

Exemplarily, FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the antenna unit provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. FIG. 4 indicates the gain on the wide surface of the antenna unit when it deviates from the maximum pointing direction of the antenna unit by different angles (Theta, in deg). Among them, 0° is the maximum pointing direction of the antenna unit. The heterogeneous dual-polarized antenna element in this embodiment has a 3dB lobe width exceeding 120°.

In the antenna unit provided in this embodiment, by setting the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole and the current direction of the electric dipole in parallel, the wide beam surfaces of the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are in the same direction, A dual-polarized phased array antenna that truly realizes a wide-angle beam scan. The dual-polarized wide-beam antenna unit provided in this embodiment has a simple structure and low cost.

Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide an antenna unit. FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application. In this embodiment, the magnetic dipole is a half-loop antenna 14. As shown in FIG. 5, the magnetic dipole 12 is a half-loop antenna, and the half-loop antenna 14 is vertically placed above the reflection plate 11, and the loop antenna is simulated by the mirror effect of the reflection plate 11.

Exemplarily, the magnetic dipole 12 is a half-loop antenna 14 with a half-loop structure. When a current is formed on the half-loop antenna 14, according to the mirroring principle of the reflection plate 11, the current will form a reflow through the reflection plate 11 to form a complete The ring current, that is, the ring-shaped magnetic dipole 12 is formed. By adopting a half-ring structure, the structure of the magnetic dipole 12 can be simplified and space can be saved.

It can be understood that the half-loop antenna may be a half-loop antenna or a semi-arc antenna. The half-ring structure may be a semi-rectangular frame.

Optionally, the half-loop antenna 14 has at least one slot 15, and the at least one slot 15 makes the half-loop antenna 14 structurally form at least one capacitor.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 5, in order to make the current distribution on the half-loop antenna 14 more uniform, this embodiment uses a capacitance-increasing method to cut off the half-loop antenna 14 of the magnetic dipole, so that its performance is more superior . Exemplarily, the slots 15 on the half-loop antenna 14 may be symmetrically arranged, and the number and positions of the slots 15 may be specifically set according to the performance of the antenna unit, which is not limited in this application. As shown in FIG. 5, by adding two slots 15, two capacitors are formed on the half-loop antenna 14. For the loop where the capacitor exists, the loop is to handle the zero-order response state. Optionally, the added capacitance in this embodiment may be an interdigital capacitor (interdigital capacitor). The interdigital capacitor has a larger capacitance value, which can further improve the performance of the half-loop antenna.

Based on the above embodiments, the embodiments of the present application further provide an antenna unit. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application. In this embodiment, the electric dipole is a half-wave oscillator. As shown in FIG. 6, the electric dipole 13 is a half-wave vibrator 16, and the half-wave vibrator 16 is placed in parallel above the reflection plate 11.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the half-wave vibrator 16 is a symmetrical vibrator with two arms of equal length, and the operating wavelength λ of the antenna unit with each arm length of one quarter, and the total length of both arms is two One-half the operating wavelength of the antenna element λ.

In this embodiment, a half-wave oscillator with a simple structure is used as an electric dipole, which simplifies the structure of the antenna unit and reduces the cost of the antenna unit.

Exemplarily, on the basis of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in FIG. 6, the difference between the height of the electric dipole 13 relative to the

reflective plate

11 and 3/8 of the operating wavelength λ of the antenna unit is within a preset range Inside.

For example, in this embodiment, considering the reflection effect of the reflection plate 11, the radiation direction of the electric dipole 13 will be compressed toward the vibrator. By placing the electric dipole 13 above the reflection plate 11 at about 3λ/8 At this point, the widest beam characteristic of the electric dipole 13 can be obtained. Exemplarily, the specific position where the electric dipole 13 is disposed above the reflective plate 11 can be adjusted according to the actual reflective plate 11, the magnetic dipole 12, the feeding method, and the like. It can be understood that when the electric dipole 13 uses the half-wave vibrator 16, the height of the half-wave vibrator 16 relative to the reflection plate 11 can be calculated from the uppermost, center position, or lowermost of the half-wave vibrator 16.

Optionally, the magnetic dipole 12 and/or the electric dipole 13 in any of the foregoing embodiments may adopt a butterfly structure to increase the operating bandwidth of the antenna unit.

Exemplarily, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna unit. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application. When the magnetic dipole 12 is a half-loop antenna 14, as shown in FIG. 7, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 are placed vertically.

Exemplarily, when the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 are arranged perpendicular to each other, the electric dipole 13 may or may not intersect with the magnetic dipole 12. As shown in FIG. 7, when the electric dipole 13 and the magnetic dipole 12 can be arranged perpendicular to each other, the electric dipole 13 and the magnetic dipole 12 can be coaxial, as shown in FIG. 7(a). The axis is the axis of symmetry of the electric dipole 13 and the magnetic dipole 12, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 7. The electric dipole 13 can intersect with the magnetic dipole 12 and can be arranged vertically. It can also intersect the axis of symmetry of the magnetic dipole 12 at any position of the electric dipole 13 (as shown in FIG. 7(b)). The arbitrary position of the dipole 13 intersects with the arbitrary half-ring position of the magnetic dipole 12 (as shown in FIG. 7(c)).

Exemplarily, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide an antenna unit. FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 8, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 use balun or differential feeding.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 8(a), when the magnetic dipole 12 is a half-loop antenna, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may adopt differential feeding, and the differential feeding feeder 17 The layout may be provided on the reflective plate 11 as shown in FIG. 8(a).

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 8(b), when the magnetic dipole 12 is a half-loop antenna, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may also adopt a balun feeding method. As shown in FIG. 8( b ), the layout of the feeder 17 can be provided on the other side of the supporting medium of the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13. By adopting the balun feeding method, the deployment of the feeder 17 on the reflective plate 11 is avoided, the space requirement for the reflective plate 11 is reduced, and space is provided for the deployment of the array feed network.

Exemplarily, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna unit. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 6 of the present application. When the magnetic dipole 12 is a slot antenna 18, as shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic dipole 12 is a slot antenna 18, and the slot of the slot antenna 18 is parallel to the plane formed by the electric dipole 13.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic dipole 12 may also adopt a slot antenna 18 structure. By arranging the slot of the slot antenna 18 parallel to the plane formed by the electric dipole 13, the E-plane of the wide beam of the magnetic dipole 12 is parallel to the H-plane of the wide beam of the electric dipole 13.

Based on the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, an embodiment of the present application further provides an antenna unit. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to Embodiment 7 of the present application. In this embodiment, the magnetic dipole is a slot antenna. As shown in FIG. 10, the electric dipole 13 is placed right above or above the slit.

Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 10(a), the electric dipole 13 may be placed above the side of the slit. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 10(b), the electric dipole 13 may be placed directly above the slit.

Exemplarily, the structure of the slot antenna and the feeding method of the slot antenna may adopt the current common arrangement method of the slot antenna.

Exemplarily, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide an antenna unit. FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit provided in Embodiment 8 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11, the reflective plate 11 and/or the electric dipole 13 are provided with a super surface 19.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 11, a half-loop antenna or a slot antenna is used for the magnetic dipole of the dual-polarized antenna element, and a hypersurface 19 may be provided on the reflection plate 11 and/or the electric dipole 13.

Alternatively, the super surface 19 can be added to the antenna unit to control the phase of the reflected wave, thereby reducing the height of the antenna. Specifically, the height of the electric dipole relative to the reflecting plate can be reduced according to the position and area of the set supersurface, thereby reducing the volume of the antenna unit.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 11( a ), when the magnetic dipole 12 uses a half-loop antenna, and when balun feeding is used, the super surface 19 may be provided on the reflection plate 11.

Illustratively, as shown in FIG. 11( b ), when the magnetic dipole 12 uses a half-loop antenna, and when differential feeding is used, the metasurface 19 may be disposed below the electric dipole 13.

Exemplarily, as shown in FIGS. 11(c) and 11(d), when the magnetic dipole 12 uses a slot antenna, the super surface 19 may be disposed on the reflective plate 11 or below the electric dipole 13.

It can be understood that when the electric dipole 13 includes a supporting medium, the super surface 19 is disposed on the surface of the supporting medium of the electric dipole 13 for the super surface 19.

Exemplarily, on the basis of any of the foregoing embodiments, the magnetic dipole 12 and/or the electric dipole 13 are disposed on the supporting medium; the materials of the supporting medium and the reflective plate 11 may be any of the following: Printed Circuit Board (PCB), plastic, metal.

Exemplarily, when the supporting medium is a PCB, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may be metal sheets, and the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may be printed on respective PCBs. The antenna unit in the above embodiments of the present application has a simple structure and can be processed using standard PCB printing technology. The processing difficulty and processing cost are low, and it is easy to realize productization.

When the supporting medium is plastic, the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may be metal sheets, and the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 may be electroplated on the respective plastic supporting medium.

When the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 are metal sheet metal structures, the supporting medium is the magnetic dipole 12 and the electric dipole 13 themselves.

An embodiment of the present application also provides a phased array antenna. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12, the phased array antenna includes at least two antenna units;

The antenna elements are distributed in an array.

Illustratively, FIG. 12 shows a phased array antenna containing 14×8 antenna elements. Each antenna unit adopts the antenna unit in any of the above embodiments.

It can be understood that, each antenna element in the phased array antenna may be an antenna element with an identical structure. Optionally, the phased array antenna may also use antenna elements with multiple structures. For example, antenna elements with different structures may be selected according to different positions of the antenna elements in the phased array antenna.

Exemplarily, FIG. 13 is an array scanning pattern of a phased array antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 13, by using the antenna unit provided in the above embodiment, when the scanning angle of the phased array antenna is increased, the gain decreases slowly, and when the gain is relatively reduced by 3 dB, the scanning direction can reach ±60°. The unit has good beam consistency, which is conducive to the formation of high gain, deep zero array pattern.

The above is only a specific implementation manner of the embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application is not limited to this, and any person skilled in the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the embodiments of the present application can easily Changes or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not implemented. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. The above are only specific implementations of the present application. Those skilled in the art can think of changes or replacements based on the specific implementations provided by this application, which should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

The terms “first”, “second”, “third” and “fourth” in the description and claims of the present application and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessary to describe a specific order Or in order. It should be understood that the data so used can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in an order other than what is illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, processes, methods, systems, products or devices that contain a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to those clearly listed Those steps or units, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or equipment.

The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above-described embodiments may be fully or partially implemented in the form of computer program products. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center via wired (eg coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (eg infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more collections of available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive (SSD).

Persons of ordinary skill in the art may realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application of the technical solution and design constraints. Professional technicians can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application.

Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of the description, the specific working process of the system, device and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

Claims

An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit includes: a reflective plate, a magnetic dipole and an electric dipole, wherein,

The magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are disposed on the reflecting plate, and the equivalent magnetic current direction of the magnetic dipole and the current direction of the electric dipole are parallel.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic dipole is a half-loop antenna, and the half-loop antenna is vertically placed above the reflection plate, which is simulated by the mirror effect of the reflection plate Loop antenna.
The antenna unit according to claim 2, wherein the half-loop antenna has at least one slot, and the at least one slot enables the half-loop antenna to form at least one capacitor in structure.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the difference between the height of the electric dipole relative to the reflector and 3/8 of the operating wavelength of the antenna unit is Within the range.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the electric dipole is a half-wave dipole, and the half-wave dipole is placed in parallel above the reflection plate.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 2-5, wherein the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are vertically arranged.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the magnetic dipole and the electric dipole are fed by balun or differential feed.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the magnetic dipole and/or the electric dipole adopt a butterfly structure.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic dipole is a slot antenna, and the slot of the slot antenna is parallel to the plane formed by the electric dipole.
The antenna unit according to claim 9, wherein the electric dipole is placed directly above or above the slit.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-9, wherein a super surface is provided on the reflector and/or the electric dipole.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the magnetic dipole and/or the electric dipole are provided on a supporting medium; the supporting medium and the reflecting plate The material can be any of the following: PCB board, plastic, metal.
A phased array antenna, characterized by comprising at least two antenna units according to any one of claims 1-12; each of the antenna units is distributed in an array.