WO2020130311A1

WO2020130311A1 - Food waste treatment apparatus for improving biogas productivity, and food waste treatment method using same

Info

Publication number: WO2020130311A1
Application number: PCT/KR2019/013463
Authority: WO
Inventors: 이진형; 구양모; 김현욱
Original assignee: 한국세라믹기술원; 서울시립대학교 산학협력단
Priority date: 2018-12-21
Filing date: 2019-10-15
Publication date: 2020-06-25
Also published as: KR20200078080A; KR102200615B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a food waste treatment apparatus and a food waste treatment method using same, the food waste treatment apparatus comprising, in order to improve productivity of biogas by simultaneously performing chemical treatment and physical treatment: a treatment unit for mixing and crushing food waste supplied thereinto; a food waste supply unit, connected to an upper end of the treatment unit, for supplying the food waste into the treatment unit; a catalyst supply unit, connected to the upper end of the treatment unit, for supplying, into the treatment unit, a catalyst for decomposing the food waste; and a discharge unit, connected to one side of a lower end of the treatment unit and having a screw therein, for discharging the decomposed food waste to the outside thereof.

Description

Food waste treatment device to improve biogas productivity and food waste treatment method using same

The present invention relates to a food waste treatment apparatus and a food waste treatment method using the same, and more specifically, a food waste treatment apparatus capable of improving biogas productivity by simultaneously performing chemical treatment and physical treatment, and food waste using the same. It relates to a processing method.

In general, food waste refers to agricultural, water, and livestock waste generated during the production, distribution, processing, and cooking of food, and food waste that is left behind after being eaten and left at home or restaurants.

Recently, as the importance of new and renewable energy has emerged, biogas is produced using food wastes by applying physical, chemical, or biological conversion technology. The biogas produced in this way is an energy source that can be replaced with fossil energy.

Globally, more than 40 commercial technologies are applied to over 240 large food waste biogasification facilities, with annual throughput of 2,500 tons (Kellenher, 2007; IEA 2008).

The Korean government has established the 4th Basic Renewable Energy Plan as a policy, and is improving the energy supply rate through efficient use of food waste. As a result, 11 domestic food biogasification facilities (1,788 tons/day), 9 wastewater biogasification facilities (1,860 tons/day), 3 sewage sludge solid fuel facilities (2,770 tons/day), combined biogasification facilities 6 The additional locations (1,140 tons/day) were additionally expanded to make 33% of the available volume energy-enable at the time of installation completion (Korea Development Institute, 2013).

However, food waste is an energy source, but has high energy density but low solubility, making it difficult to apply it to fermentation processes. In addition, food wastes have low fluidity during the winter months, and oxidative stability is poor, resulting in poor supply stability and economics.

Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 10-2009-013483 relates to a waste water treatment apparatus and method for recycling and using food biogas, Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-1892241 relates to an oil separation device, to produce biogas using food waste Technology is being presented.

However, these prior arts produce biogas by separating only oil from raw waste water, and this conventional oil mixing and digestion decreases the efficiency of biogas production.

Accordingly, there is a need for a food waste treatment apparatus and a treatment method capable of increasing the availability of food waste.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, to increase the availability of food waste, and to provide a food waste disposal apparatus and a food waste disposal method using the same, which can improve the productivity of biogas using food waste.

The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments.

The above object is a processing unit for mixing and crushing the food waste supplied to the interior; A food waste supply unit connected to an upper end of the processing unit to supply food waste to the processing unit; A catalyst supply unit connected to the upper end of the processing unit to supply a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit; And It is connected to the lower side of the processing unit, the discharge unit for discharging the decomposed food waste to the outside with a screw therein; includes, the processing unit, a mixer provided inside the processing unit; And a temperature control device connected to the lower portion of the processing unit to control the temperature inside the processing unit.

At this time, the mixer, the rotating shaft formed in the longitudinal direction inside the processing unit; And a plurality of rotating blades provided on the rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft may rotate at a speed of 50 to 450 rpm.

Preferably, the processing unit includes an ultrasonic generator provided inside the processing unit.

In addition, the processing unit may include a ball that pulverizes food wastes by performing translational or rotational movement with a stirrer, and the diameter of such a ball may be 1 to 10 mm.

In addition, the processing unit may include a heater connected to the lower portion to control the temperature inside the processing unit.

The catalyst is preferably an alkali solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphorus hydroxide and sodium sulfide.

The screw provided in the discharge portion may have a diameter on one side larger than the diameter on the other side.

In addition, the discharge unit may include a backflow prevention member for preventing food waste transported from the processing unit from flowing back to the treatment unit, wherein the backflow prevention member includes a circular member having a plurality of holes; And a gate that opens only in one direction.

In addition, the object is, food waste supply step of supplying food waste to the inside of the processing unit; A catalyst supply step of supplying a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit; A food waste treatment step of mixing and pulverizing the food waste and catalyst supplied to the processing unit using a mixer; An ultrasonic treatment step of decomposing food wastes supplied into the processing unit using an ultrasonic generator; And a food waste disposal step of discharging the food waste transferred from the processing unit to the outside using a screw.

At this time, the catalyst supplied in the catalyst supply step is preferably an alkali solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphorus hydroxide and sodium sulfide.

In addition, the mixer provided inside the processing unit is a rotating shaft formed in the longitudinal direction inside the processing unit; And a plurality of rotating blades provided on the rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft may rotate at a speed of 50 to 450 rpm.

In addition, in the food waste disposal step, the food waste may be crushed using a ball that is translated or rotated by a stirrer, and the diameter of the ball may be 1 to 10 mm.

In addition, the food waste treatment step may be performed at a temperature of 60 ~ 150 ℃.

On the other hand, the screw used in the food waste discharging step, the diameter of one side may be larger than the diameter of the other side.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the productivity of biogas by pre-treating food wastes using both chemical and physical methods at the same time, and continuous treatment is possible by re-injecting untreated food wastes as much as the amount of food wastes to be treated.

In addition, it has the effect of obtaining biogas from food and waste collected by treating food waste.

However, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1 is a view schematically showing a food waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view schematically showing a food waste treatment apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a view for explaining the principle of the wear and tear grinding method.

[Description of codes]

100: food waste disposal device 10: treatment unit

11: mixer 12: rotating shaft

13: rotary blade 14: ball

20: food waste supply unit 30: catalyst supply unit

40: outlet 41: screw

42: connecting member 50: heater

60: backflow prevention member 70: ultrasonic generator

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples and drawings of the present invention. These examples are only provided by way of example to illustrate the present invention in more detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these examples. .

In addition, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, and in case of conflict, the present specification including definitions. The description will take precedence.

In order to clearly describe the proposed invention in the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted, and like reference numerals are assigned to similar parts throughout the specification. And, when it is said that a part "includes" a certain component, this means that other components may be further included instead of excluding other components, unless otherwise stated. In addition, "part" described in the specification means a unit or block that performs a specific function.

In each step, the identification numbers (first, second, etc.) are used for convenience of explanation. The identification numbers do not describe the order of each step, and each step does not explicitly describe a specific order in the context. It may be carried out differently from the order specified above. That is, each step may be performed in the same order as specified, or may be performed substantially simultaneously, or in the reverse order.

1 is a view schematically showing a food waste treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 1, the food waste treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a processing unit 10 for stirring and pulverizing the food waste to be supplied therein; A food waste supply unit 20 connected to the upper end of the processing unit 10 to supply food waste to the processing unit 10; A catalyst supply unit 30 connected to an upper end of the processing unit 10 to supply a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit 10; And a discharge unit 40 connected to the lower end side of the processing unit 10 and having a screw 41 therein to discharge the decomposed food waste to the outside. The present invention can supply food catalysts and catalysts capable of decomposing food wastes together, and then mix and crush them to chemically and physically treat food wastes, thereby increasing availability. When food waste is continuously supplied and crushed and decomposed to some extent, it is accumulated in the processing unit 10 and when sufficiently accumulated, it is discharged to the discharge unit 40 formed at the bottom by the accumulated pressure. ) By effectively discharging the processed food waste to the outside, it has the effect of continuously processing the food waste.

Here, the food waste refers to both the state before the initial crushing or decomposition, as well as the state after the crushing or decomposition by the catalyst and the mixer 11, and the treatment means through a combined digestion process to mix and ferment from food and waste. It means pre-processing food waste before obtaining biogas.

In one embodiment, the processing unit 10 is provided with a space and a mixer 11 to accommodate food wastes therein to mix and crush the food wastes supplied to the interior, the upper portion is a supply unit for supplying food wastes 20 and the catalyst supply unit 30 for supplying the catalyst, the lower one side is connected to the discharge unit 40 for discharging the processed food waste to the outside, the overall appearance may be a cylindrical shape, but is limited to this It is not.

In one embodiment, the mixer 11 is provided inside the processing unit 10 to mix and pulverize food wastes and catalysts supplied and pulverizes, a rotating shaft 12 formed in the longitudinal direction inside the processing unit 10; And a plurality of rotating blades 13 formed on the rotating shaft 12 in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is connected to the motor and can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and it is preferable to rotate at a speed of 50 to 450 rpm for efficient stirring and grinding, and more preferably to rotate at a speed of 150 to 350 rpm. Do. In addition, the rotary blade 13 may have a cylindrical shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be manufactured in various shapes according to the purpose.

In one embodiment, the treatment unit 10 may use a wear and tear grinding method to effectively treat food waste. To this end, the processing unit 10 may include a ball 14 that performs translational or rotational movement by the mixer 11 therein. As the ball 14, a ball manufactured using a variety of known materials can be used, but it is preferable to use a steel ball, a zirconia ball (ZrO ₂ ) ball, or an alumina ball. Do. 3 is a view for explaining the principle of the abrasion and crushing method, and specifically described with reference to this, induces a gradient of force in the processing unit 10 by the mixer 11, and a gradient of force is formed in the processing unit 10 The principle is to crush the food waste supplied by inducing friction between the balls (14). Physical treatment may be performed using an attrition mill method, and chemical treatment may be performed by mixing food waste and a catalyst.

At this time, the rotating shaft 12 of the mixer 11 is preferably rotated at a speed of 50 ~ 450rpm, more preferably rotated at a speed of 150 ~ 350rpm. When the rotational speed is less than 50 rpm, the grinding efficiency is insufficient due to insufficient grinding, and when it exceeds 450 rpm, a high-performance motor is required, and it is difficult to obtain an additional grinding effect, which is uneconomical.

In addition, the diameter of the ball 14 is preferably 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 3 to 10 mm. If it is less than 1 mm, it cannot have a sufficient crushing effect by the ball 14, and if it exceeds 10 mm, there is a fear that the ball 14 may be damaged by collision between the balls 14 when crushing food waste.

In one embodiment, the processing unit 10 may include a heater 50 that can adjust the temperature inside the lower portion. Unlike the physical treatment method of food waste, in the case of the chemical treatment method, it is important to maintain an appropriate temperature, and it is preferable to control the inside of the treatment unit 10 to 60 to 150°C to chemically treat the food waste. If less than 60 ℃, there is a problem that the synergistic effect of the food waste is falling, and if it exceeds 150 ℃, there is a problem that the evaporation effect of the water is increased, so that the synergistic effect of the food waste is reduced.

In one embodiment, the processing unit 10 may include a heat medium oil circulation device (not shown) in place of the heater 50. The heat medium oil circulation device is a heat medium oil heating tank that stores and heats the heat medium oil as it heats the heat medium oil and circulates it to supply heat to the processing unit 10; A heat medium oil circulation pump circulating the heat medium oil; And it is formed in a form surrounding the outside of the processing unit 10, a jacket pipe to transfer the heat medium oil; may include. The heating medium oil heating tank may include a heater rod for heating the heating medium oil therein. As the heat medium oil, various heat medium oils known in the art can be used, but as an alkylbenzene-based synthetic heat medium oil (SERIOLA KF 2120, S-OIL Total Lubricant Co., Ltd.), the temperature range of use is preferably -10 to 350°C. The heat medium oil is heated by a heater rod and flows along the inside of the jacket pipe surrounding the process unit 10 by a heat medium oil circulation pump to supply heat to the process unit 10.

In addition, the processing unit 10 may include an ultrasonic generator 70 provided inside the processing unit. The ultrasonic generator 70 is intended to decompose by vibrating the food wastes supplied into the processing unit 10 using ultrasonics. When ultrasonic (Ultrasonic) is transmitted to food waste, it is a phenomenon in which micro-bubble groups are generated and disappeared due to the large pressure change of ultrasonic waves, which is accompanied by very large pressure. As this pressure occurs for a short period of time from hundredths of a second to several thousandths of a second, the effect of decomposing food waste is maximized, increasing the availability of food waste.

The ultrasonic generator 70 may be installed on the lower or sidewall of the processing unit 10, may be an ultrasonic generator that generates sound waves of 20,000 Hz or more, and preferably ultrasonic waves of 25,000 to 40,000 Hz It can be a generator.

In one embodiment, the food waste supply unit 20 is connected to the upper end of the treatment unit 10, the other side is connected to the food waste storage tank (not shown), the food waste stored in the food waste storage tank processing unit 10 ) It can be supplied inside. The overall shape may be a cylindrical shape, but is not limited to this, and any shape that can supply food waste to the processing unit 10 is irrelevant. A shutter (not shown) may be provided inside the food waste supply unit 20. That is, when the shutter is opened, food and beverage waste can be supplied from the food and beverage waste supply unit 20 to the processing unit 10, and when the shutter is closed, the supply of food and beverage waste can be stopped. In addition, the condition of the food waste to be supplied is not particularly limited. That is, it may be in a solid state or a slurry state.

In one embodiment, the catalyst supply unit 30 is connected to the upper end of the processing unit 10, the other side is connected to the catalyst storage tank to supply the catalyst stored in the catalyst storage tank (not shown) into the processing unit 10 Can. The catalyst supply unit 30 may be manufactured in various shapes. A shutter (not shown) may be provided inside the catalyst supply unit 30. That is, when the shutter is opened, the catalyst can be supplied from the catalyst supply unit 30 to the processing unit 10, and when the shutter is closed, the catalyst supply can be stopped.

As the catalyst, an alkali solvent may be used, and for example, an alkali solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphorus hydroxide, and sodium sulfide may be used. Such a catalyst changes the pH inside the processing unit 10 to melt the oil contained in the food waste, thereby increasing the availability of the food waste.

In one embodiment, it may include a shutter control unit (not shown) that can control each shutter provided in the food waste supply unit 20 and the catalyst supply unit 30. The shutter control unit may control the opening and closing speed of the shutter. For example, when the opening time of the shutter is set at intervals of 10 seconds, the shutters provided inside the food waste supply unit 20 and the catalyst supply unit 30 are opened at one point, closed, and then opened again after 10 seconds to open the food waste. And a catalyst can be supplied into the processing unit 10.

Alternatively, when the amount of catalyst is greater than the amount of food waste treated, the shutter of the food waste supply unit 20 may be opened at 10 second intervals, and the shutter of the catalyst supply unit 30 may be opened at 20 second intervals.

In one embodiment, the discharge unit 40 is provided with a screw 41 therein to discharge food wastes decomposed (pre-treated) by the treatment unit 10 to the outside, and be connected to one side of the lower end of the treatment unit 10 Can. When the amount of food wastes supplied by the food wastes supply unit 20 accumulates over a certain level, the food wastes decomposed by the pressure move to the discharge unit 40, so that the discharge unit 40 becomes the discharge unit 40. It is preferably formed close to the floor height.

In an embodiment, the screw 41 may use various types of screw 41. A screw 41 having a uniform diameter may be used, a screw 41 having the smallest diameter may be used, and a screw 41 having an irregular diameter may be used. Here, the diameter of the screw 41 means the length to the end of the blade of the screw 41 around the rotation axis of the screw 41.

Preferably, the screw 41 may be used in which the diameter of one side is larger than the diameter of the other side. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the diameter of one side adjacent to the processing unit 10 may be large, and the diameter of the other side distant from the processing unit 10 may be relatively small. That is, by forming the diameter of the screw 41 adjacent to the processing unit 10 larger than the diameter of the opposite side, the farther away from the processing unit 10, the better the driving force of the force is designed, so that food waste is not pushed by the screw 41 It can prevent clogging.

In one embodiment, the discharge unit 40 may include a backflow prevention member 60 for preventing the food waste transported from the treatment unit 10 from flowing back to the treatment unit 10. The backflow prevention member 60 can prevent the balls 14 from being introduced together with the crushed food waste. To this end, the backflow prevention member 60 includes a circular member having a plurality of holes; And a gate that opens only in one direction. The circular member having a plurality of holes may be a mesh network such as a mosquito net that is generally used. In this case, the hole may be a circular hole, and the size of the hole is preferably formed to a size such that the pulverized food waste is passed, but the ball 14 cannot pass. Since the average diameter of the food waste to be crushed is about 200 µm, the hole diameter is preferably 0.3 to 1 mm. In addition, the gate may be opened when food waste is moved from the treatment unit 10 to the discharge unit 40, and is not opened in the opposite direction.

In one embodiment, the discharge unit 40 may include a connecting member 42. 2 is a view schematically showing a food waste treatment apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to this, the connection member 42 is installed between the discharge unit 40 and the treatment unit 10 It is made to be able to move the food and beverage waste, it is preferable to be connected obliquely in the upward direction with respect to the treatment unit (10). For example, it may be connected to the processing unit 10 at an angle of 45 degrees. The backflow prevention member 60 prevents the backflow of food waste, and prevents the inflow of the ball 14, but when the backflow prevention member 60 is damaged by a collision with the ball 14, the ball 14 It may be introduced, and thereby the screw 41 inside the discharge part 40 may be damaged. However, when the connecting member 42 is formed, the food waste is pushed up to the discharge unit 40 by pressure, but the ball 14 is discharged due to the weight (average density of about 8 g/cm ³ , average weight of 4 g). It is restricted to move to the part 40.

Next, a method of treating food wastes that can improve the productivity of biogas will be described. For convenience of explanation in describing the present invention, the above-described food waste disposal apparatus 100 will be described as an example, but is not limited thereto. In addition, description is omitted in the overlapping portion.

The food waste treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a food waste supply step of supplying food waste to the processing unit 10; A catalyst supply step of supplying a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit 10; A food waste treatment step of mixing and pulverizing food waste and catalyst supplied to the processing unit 10 using a mixer 11; An ultrasonic treatment step of crushing the food waste supplied to the processing unit using an ultrasonic generator 70; And a food waste discharge step of discharging the food waste transported from the processing unit 10 to the outside using a screw 41. The present invention can supply food catalysts and catalysts capable of decomposing food wastes together, and then mix and crush them to chemically and physically treat food wastes, thereby increasing availability. When food wastes are continuously supplied and crushed and decomposed to some extent, the food wastes crushed underneath are discharged to the outside by the pressure of the accumulated food wastes. At this time, the processed food wastes are utilized by using a screw (41). By effectively discharging, it has an effect of continuously processing food wastes.

In one embodiment, the food waste supply step is a step of supplying the food waste to the interior of the treatment unit 10, the state of the food waste is not particularly limited. That is, the food waste may be in a solid state or a slurry state. In addition, the food waste supplying step may include a shutter control step of controlling the shutter provided inside the food waste supplying unit 20. The shutter control step may control the opening/closing time and opening/closing speed of the shutter. For example, when the opening time of the shutter is set at an interval of 10 seconds, the shutter provided inside the food and beverage waste supply unit 20 is opened at one point and then closed, and then opened again after 10 seconds to process the food and beverage waste inside the processing unit 10 Can be supplied.

In one embodiment, the catalyst supply step is a step of supplying a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit 10, and an alkali solvent may be used as the catalyst, for example, ammonia, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide , An alkali solvent containing at least any one selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide, phosphorus hydroxide and sodium sulfide may be used. These catalysts change the pH to melt the oil contained in the food waste, thereby increasing the availability of the food waste.

In addition, the catalyst supply step may include a shutter control step for controlling the shutter provided inside the catalyst supply unit 30. The shutter control step may control the opening/closing time and opening/closing speed of the shutter. For example, when the shutter opening time is set at an interval of 10 seconds, the shutter provided inside the catalyst supply unit 30 is opened at one point and closed, and then opened again after 10 seconds to supply the catalyst into the processing unit 10. Can.

In one embodiment, the food waste treatment step is a step of mixing and pulverizing the food waste and catalyst supplied therein using a mixer 11 provided inside the treatment unit 10, the mixer 11 is a treatment unit 10 ) A rotating shaft 12 formed in the longitudinal direction inside; And a plurality of rotating blades 13 provided on the rotating shaft 12 in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is connected to the motor and can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise, and it is preferable to rotate at a speed of 50 to 450 rpm for efficient stirring and grinding, and more preferably to rotate at a speed of 150 to 350 rpm Work In addition, the rotary blade 13 may have a cylindrical shape, but is not limited thereto, and may be manufactured in various shapes according to the purpose.

In one embodiment, the food waste treatment step may use abrasion grinding method to effectively treat the food waste. To this end, it may include a ball 14 that performs translational or rotational movement by the mixer 11 provided inside the processing unit 10. As the ball 14, a ball manufactured using a variety of known materials can be used, but it is preferable to use a steel ball, a zirconia ball (ZrO ₂ ) ball, or an alumina ball. Do. 3 is a view for explaining the principle of the abrasion and crushing method, and specifically described with reference to this, induces a gradient of force in the processing unit 10 by the mixer 11, and a gradient of force is formed in the processing unit 10 The principle is to crush the food waste supplied by inducing friction between the balls (14). Physical treatment may be performed using an attrition mill method, and chemical treatment may be performed by mixing food waste and a catalyst.

In one embodiment, the food waste treatment step may include a temperature control step that can adjust the temperature inside the treatment unit 10. Unlike the physical treatment method of food waste, in the case of the chemical treatment method, it is important to maintain an appropriate temperature, and it is preferable to control the inside of the treatment unit 10 to 60 to 150°C to chemically treat the food waste. In the case of less than 60 ℃, the reaction time is increased due to the slow reaction rate, there is a problem that the synergistic effect of the food waste is falling, and when it exceeds 150 ℃, the evaporation effect of water is increased, so the problem of the synergistic effect of the food waste is reduced. have.

In one embodiment, the ultrasonic treatment step is a step of decomposing the food waste by using an ultrasonic generator (70), using ultrasonic waves (ultrasonic) to decompose the food waste supplied into the processing unit 10 by vibration Can. When ultrasonic (Ultrasonic) is transmitted to food waste, it is a phenomenon in which micro-bubble groups are generated and disappeared due to the large pressure change of ultrasonic waves, which is accompanied by very large pressure. As this pressure occurs for a short period of time from hundredths of a second to several thousandths of a second, the effect of decomposing food waste is maximized, increasing the availability of food waste. As the ultrasonic generator 70, an ultrasonic generator that generates sound waves of 20,000 Hz or more can be used. Preferably, an ultrasonic generator that generates sound waves of 25,000 to 40,000 Hz can be used. When the frequency of ultrasonic waves is less than 25,000Hz, the decomposition effect of food waste is negligible. When the frequency of ultrasonic waves exceeds 40,000Hz, it is difficult to obtain an additional synergistic effect and requires a lot of power, which is uneconomical.

In one embodiment, the food waste discharging step is a step of discharging the food waste transported from the processing unit 10 to the outside using a screw 41, the screw 41 can use various types of screws (41) have. A screw 41 having a uniform diameter may be used, a screw 41 having the smallest diameter may be used, and a screw 41 having an irregular diameter may be used. Here, the diameter of the screw 41 means the length to the end of the blade of the screw 41 around the rotation axis of the screw 41. Preferably, the screw 41 may be used in which the diameter of one side is larger than the diameter of the other side. Specifically, the diameter of one side adjacent to the processing unit 10 is large, and the diameter of the other side distant from the processing unit 10 may be relatively small. That is, by forming the diameter of the screw 41 adjacent to the processing unit 10 larger than the diameter of the opposite side, the farther away from the processing unit 10, the better the driving force of the force is designed, so that food waste is not pushed by the screw 41 It can prevent clogging.

Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention and its effects will be described in more detail through examples and comparative examples. However, these examples are intended to illustrate the present invention in more detail, and it is revealed that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

[Example 1]

Food waste was pretreated using a ball as a food waste disposal apparatus (see FIG. 1) of the present invention. At this time, the catalyst and the ultrasonic generator were not used, and the food waste was crushed for 10 minutes using a zirconia ball.

[Example 2]

The food waste was crushed under the same conditions as in Example 1, but the food waste was crushed for 60 minutes.

[Example 3]

The food waste was crushed under the same conditions as in Example 1, but the food waste was crushed for 120 minutes.

[실험예 1][Experimental Example 1]

The chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the food wastes pretreated and the food wastes (Comparative Example 1) pretreated by Examples 1 to 3 was measured through potassium dichromate (CODcr). Specifically, after inserting carried diluted food waste of Example 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to each flask, HgSO ₄ 5ml added to dissolved the HgSO ₄ completely. After completely dissolving HgSO ₄ , 25 ml of potassium dichromate solution was added to each flask and bolling stone was added. Thereafter, 70 mL of 5.5 g Ag2SO4 / 1 kg HgSO4 solution was added to each flask, followed by Reflux for 2 hours to measure COD, and the results are shown in Table 1.

	실시예 1Example 1	실시예 2Example 2	실시예 3Example 3	비교예 1Comparative Example 1
SCOD/TCOD 증가율(%)SCOD/TCOD increase rate (%)	15.6315.63	32.4332.43	0.710.71	--

As can be seen through the results in Table 1, it was found that SCOD/TCOD is increased in Examples 1 to 3, and in particular, in Food Example 2 in which food waste was crushed for 60 minutes using a ball, the greatest increase was found. SCOD (Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand) means soluble chemical oxygen demand, TCOD (Total Chemical Oxygen Demand) means total chemical oxygen demand, and SCOD/TCOD increases, COD soluble in total COD Means that the area where microorganisms can decompose increases. Therefore, it was found that in Examples 1 to 3, where the microorganisms could be decomposed, the biogas productivity was increased in the Examples 1 to 3, which were pretreated, than the food wastes (Comparative Example 1) that were not pretreated.

[Example 4]

The food waste was pretreated with the food waste disposal apparatus (see FIG. 1) of the present invention. At this time, the ultrasonic generator was not used, and NaOH (pH=11) was added as a catalyst, and food waste was crushed for 10 minutes using a zirconia ball.

[Example 5]

The food waste was pretreated with the food waste disposal apparatus (see FIG. 1) of the present invention. At this time, the catalyst and the ultrasonic generator were not used, and food wastes were crushed using a zirconia ball at 80°C for 10 minutes.

[Example 6]

The food waste was pretreated with the food waste disposal apparatus (see FIG. 1) of the present invention. At this time, the catalyst was not used, and the food waste was crushed using a zirconia ball for 10 minutes, and the food waste was decomposed for 30 minutes with a sound wave of 30,000 Hz through an ultrasonic generator.

[실험예 2][Experimental Example 2]

In the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of food wastes pretreated by Examples 4 to 5 was measured and the results are shown in Table 2.

	실시예 1Example 1	실시예 4Example 4	실시예 5Example 5	실시예 6Example 6
SCOD/TCOD 증가율(%)SCOD/TCOD increase rate (%)	15.6315.63	17.8017.80	24.6224.62	38.0138.01

As can be seen through the results in Table 2, it was confirmed that SCOD/TCOD was significantly increased in Examples 4 to 6, which were combined with catalyst, ultrasonic waves, etc., compared to Example 1 in which only grinding was performed using a ball mill. In particular, in Example 6 using ultrasound, SCOD/TCOD was the largest increase. As described above, it can be seen that in Examples 4 to 6 in which the increase rate of SCOD/TCOD is high, the area where microorganisms can decompose is larger, and accordingly, the productivity of biogas in food wastes of Examples 4 to 6 was increased. there was.

[Example 7]

Under the same conditions as in Example 1, the food waste was pretreated, but a steel ball was used in place of the zirconia ball.

[Example 8]

Food waste was pre-treated under the same conditions as in Example 1, but instead of a zirconia ball, an alumina ball was used.

[실험예 3][Experimental Example 3]

In the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, chemical oxygen demand (COD) of food wastes pretreated by Examples 7 and 8 was measured, and the results are shown in Table 3.

	실시예 1Example 1	실시예 7Example 7	실시예 8Example 8	비교예 1Comparative Example 1
SCOD/TCOD 증가율(%)SCOD/TCOD increase rate (%)	15.6315.63	40.2940.29	8.068.06	--

As can be seen through the results of Table 3, it was found that SCOD/TCOD is increased in Examples 7 and 8, and in particular, SCOD/TCOD of Example 7 using a steel ball is most increased. That is, it was found that in Example 7 in which the increase rate of SCOD/TCOD is high, the area where microorganisms can decompose is larger, and accordingly, the productivity of biogas in food waste of Example 7 is improved.

In this specification, only a few examples of the various embodiments performed by the present inventors are described, but the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited to or limited thereto, and can be variously implemented by a person skilled in the art.

The present invention is to provide a food waste treatment apparatus and a food waste treatment method using the same, by increasing the solubility of food waste, improving the productivity of biogas using food waste, and using the chemical method and the physical method at the same time It is possible to improve the productivity of biogas by pre-treating the waste, and re-injecting the untreated food waste as much as the amount of food waste to be processed, so that continuous treatment is possible, and thus there is industrial applicability.

Claims

A processing unit for mixing and crushing food wastes supplied to the interior;

A food waste supply unit connected to an upper end of the processing unit to supply food waste to the processing unit;

A catalyst supply unit connected to the upper end of the processing unit to supply a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit; And

It is connected to one side of the lower end of the processing unit, the discharge unit for discharging the disassembled food waste by having a screw therein; includes,

The processing unit,

A mixer provided inside the processing unit; And a temperature control device connected to a lower portion of the processing unit to control the temperature inside the processing unit.
According to claim 1,

The processing unit,

Characterized in that it further comprises an ultrasonic generator provided inside the processing unit, food waste treatment device.
According to claim 1,

The mixer,

A rotating shaft formed in the longitudinal direction inside the processing unit; And

And a plurality of rotating blades formed on the rotating shaft in the vertical direction with the rotating shaft.
According to claim 3,

The rotating shaft is characterized in that rotating at a speed of 50 ~ 450rpm, food waste disposal apparatus.
According to claim 1,

The processing unit,

A food waste disposal apparatus comprising a ball pulverizing food waste by performing a translational or rotational movement by a mixer.
The method of claim 5,

The diameter of the ball is characterized in that 1 to 10mm, food waste disposal apparatus.
According to claim 1,

The catalyst,

A food waste disposal apparatus characterized in that it is an alkali solvent containing at least one selected from the group consisting of ammonia, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, phosphorus hydroxide and sodium sulfide.
According to claim 1,

The screw,

A food waste treatment apparatus characterized in that the diameter of one side is larger than the diameter of the other side.
According to claim 1,

The discharge unit,

And a backflow preventing member for preventing the food waste transported from the processing unit from flowing back to the processing unit.
The method of claim 9,

The backflow prevention member,

A circular member having a plurality of holes; And a gate that opens only in one direction.
A food waste supply step of supplying food waste to the processing unit;

A catalyst supply step of supplying a catalyst for decomposing food waste into the processing unit;

A food waste treatment step of mixing and pulverizing the food waste and catalyst supplied to the processing unit using a mixer;

An ultrasonic treatment step of decomposing food wastes supplied into the processing unit using an ultrasonic generator; And

Characterized in that it comprises a; food waste waste discharging step of discharging the food waste transported from the processing unit to the outside by using a screw.
The method of claim 11,

The catalyst,

Ammonia, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphorus hydroxide and sodium sulfide, food waste treatment method.
The method of claim 11,

The mixer,

A rotating shaft formed in the longitudinal direction inside the processing unit; And

And a plurality of rotating blades formed on the rotating shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotating shaft.
The method of claim 13,

The rotating shaft, characterized in that rotating at a speed of 50 ~ 450rpm, food waste treatment method.
The method of claim 11

The food waste treatment step,

Method for disposing food waste by using a ball that is translated or rotated by a mixer.
The method of claim 15,

The diameter of the ball is characterized in that 1 to 10mm, food waste treatment method.
The method of claim 11,

The food waste treatment step,

Characterized in that performed at a temperature of 60 ~ 150 ℃, food waste treatment method.
The method of claim 11,

The screw,

Characterized in that the diameter of one side is larger than the diameter of the other, food waste treatment method.