WO2020125616A1 - 一种prach检测方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种prach检测方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125616A1
WO2020125616A1 PCT/CN2019/125913 CN2019125913W WO2020125616A1 WO 2020125616 A1 WO2020125616 A1 WO 2020125616A1 CN 2019125913 W CN2019125913 W CN 2019125913W WO 2020125616 A1 WO2020125616 A1 WO 2020125616A1
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Prior art keywords
beams
prach
peak
domain data
time
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PCT/CN2019/125913
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胥恒
李建
徐明涛
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP19900517.4A priority Critical patent/EP3883287A4/en
Publication of WO2020125616A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125616A1/zh
Priority to US17/349,160 priority patent/US11910443B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/10—Polarisation diversity; Directional diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and in particular to a PRACH detection method and device based on layered beam scanning.
  • 5th-generation 5th-generation, 5G
  • ITU-R International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Bureau
  • eMBB enhanced mobile Broadband
  • URLLC ultra-reliable and low latency communication
  • mMTC massive machine type communication
  • a base station realizes access to a UE through random access, thereby obtaining a corresponding UE identification (ID), and simultaneously achieving uplink time synchronization of the UE.
  • the physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH) detection is the first step in the realization of the access process.
  • PRACH detection the preamble is detected to estimate the round-trip propagation delay of access to the UE.
  • the gNodeB determines whether there is a random access request initiated by the UE in the preamble subframe by detecting the preamble sent by the UE, and determines which UE corresponds to the preamble currently initiating the random access request.
  • the physical layer measures the detected preamble, which includes the measurement of the uplink time offset measurement, the interference noise power of the RACH and the RACH.
  • the received power strength of the channel will eventually report the measurement results to the upper layer.
  • 5G uses Massive MIMO technology to increase system capacity and coverage.
  • uplink PRACH detection and reception can only be performed by traversing all beams, but this will seriously increase the user's access delay.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a PRACH detection method and device, which first group beams and cover cells through multiple groups of beams.
  • the number of detected beams is effectively reduced, thereby reducing user equipment access delay and processing complexity.
  • a PRACH detection method includes: sequentially detecting frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams; acquiring frequency domain data of a frequency corresponding to PRACH from frequency domain data of a currently detected beam; The frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH determines the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH; the first peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH; the first peak is the highest peak in the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH; when the first peak is greater than or equal to the first At the threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the method before sequentially detecting the frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams, the method further includes: determining at least two groups of beams, and each group of beams includes at least one beam.
  • the method further includes: determining a detection sequence of beams; sequentially detecting frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams includes: sequentially detecting each beam in at least two groups of beams according to the detection order Frequency domain data.
  • determining the detection order of the beams includes: determining the number of user distributions of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to historical data; descending all beams in the at least two groups of beams according to the number of user distributions Arrange to get the detection order.
  • the method further includes: when the first peak value of each beam in the at least two groups of beams is less than the first threshold, and the first peak value of at least two beams in the at least two groups of beams is greater than or equal to the first
  • the time-domain correlation peaks of at least two beams whose first peak value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value are incoherently combined; the second peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peaks after incoherent combination; the second peak is incoherent combination The highest peak in the related time-domain correlation peak; when the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • detecting the frequency domain data of each beam of at least two groups of beams includes: acquiring time domain data of multiple antennas; converting the time domain data of multiple antennas into the frequency domain through a first transformation Data; weighting the frequency domain data of multiple antennas by the first transform weight to obtain frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams.
  • determining the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH according to the frequency-domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH includes: calculating the correlation between the frequency-domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH and the sequence in the local storage; The frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH after the correlation calculation is converted to the time domain to obtain the time domain correlation peak of PRACH.
  • the correlation calculation includes: conjugate dot product calculation.
  • the method further includes: when the first peak or the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, determining a time point corresponding to the first peak or the second peak, and calculating the initial maximum time advancement according to the time point .
  • a PRACH detection device including: a detection module that sequentially detects frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams; an acquisition module that acquires frequency corresponding to PRACH from frequency domain data of currently detected beams Frequency domain data; determine the PRACH time-domain correlation peak according to the frequency domain data of the PRACH corresponding frequency; determine the first peak according to the PRACH time-domain correlation peak; the first peak is the highest peak in the PRACH time-domain correlation peak; the confirmation module, When the first peak value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the detection module further includes: determining at least two groups of beams, and each group of beams includes at least one beam.
  • the detection module further includes: determining a detection order of the beams; the detection module includes: sequentially detecting frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to the detection order.
  • determining the detection order of the beams includes: determining the number of user distributions of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to historical data; descending all beams in the at least two groups of beams according to the number of user distributions Arrange to get the detection order.
  • the confirmation module further includes: when the first peak value of each beam in the at least two groups of beams is less than the first threshold, and the first peak value of at least two beams in the at least two groups of beams is greater than or equal to At the second threshold, the time-domain correlation peaks of at least two beams whose first peak value is greater than or equal to the second threshold are incoherently combined; the second peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peaks after the incoherent combination; the second peak is incoherent The highest peak value in the combined time-domain correlation peak; when the second peak value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the detection module includes: acquiring time domain data of multiple antennas; converting time domain data of multiple antennas into frequency domain data through a first transformation; and passing frequency domain data of multiple antennas through the first
  • the transform weights are weighted to obtain frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams.
  • the obtaining module includes: performing correlation calculation between the frequency domain data corresponding to the PRACH and the sequence in the local storage; converting the frequency domain data corresponding to the PRACH corresponding frequency after the correlation calculation to the second transform Time domain, get PRACH time domain correlation peak.
  • the correlation calculation includes: conjugate dot product calculation.
  • the confirmation module further includes: when the first peak or the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, determine the first peak or the second corresponding time point, and calculate the initial maximum time advance according to the time point .
  • a communication device may be a base station or a chip in the base station.
  • the communication device includes a processor.
  • the processor is coupled to a memory.
  • the memory is used to store computer programs or instructions.
  • the processor uses In order to read and execute the computer program or instructions in the memory, the communication device executes the method of the first aspect.
  • the communication device further includes the memory.
  • a computer-readable storage medium storing a program.
  • the program includes instructions, which when executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect.
  • a computer program product containing instructions, which when executed, causes the method of the first aspect to be executed.
  • the present application discloses a PRACH detection method and device.
  • the beams are grouped first, and the cells are covered by multiple groups of beams. Through different beams selected by different groups, when the user equipment accesses, it can effectively reduce the number of detected beams and reduce the access delay. At the same time, after the scanning beams are sorted, the beams with high utilization rate can be preferentially scanned according to the access situation of the user equipment, thereby enabling the user equipment to access faster, further reducing the access delay, and reducing the processing complexity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PRACH detection application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another PRACH detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of beam coverage provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PRACH detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PRACH detection application scenario provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • this scenario includes at least one base station and multiple UEs.
  • the base station divides the coverage area into 120° and divides the 360° range into 3 cells. For each cell, the base station generates a directional beam by adjusting the weighting coefficient of each antenna in the antenna array of the base station.
  • the UE is located around the base station, and the base station and the UE establish communication through the beam. Before the UE establishes a connection with the base station, the UE accesses the base station by means of random access. The base station determines whether there is UE access and which UE is currently requesting access by detecting the preamble sent by the UE.
  • the PRACH detection method on the Massive MIMO base station side uses split beam detection, and then finally selects the correlation calculation with the local sequence, and selects the beam with the strongest peak as the detection result.
  • This application provides a PRACH detection method, which first receives the time domain data of multiple antennas, and then converts the time domain data of multiple antennas into frequency domain data.
  • the above conversion may be a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or any other equivalent transform.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • This application takes DFT as an example to explain the scheme in more detail.
  • the frequency domain data of multiple antennas is weighted by DFT weights to obtain frequency domain data of multiple beams.
  • the number of multiple antennas and the number of multiple beams may be the same or different.
  • DFT weights it is common in the industry to use DFT weights to process and weight the received antenna time-domain data to obtain the frequency domain data of the beam. Then each beam is detected separately, and the beam with the strongest peak is selected according to the detection result of each beam as the final detection result.
  • the current Massive MIMO PRACH detection scheme uses multi-antenna gain to detect in the beam domain. If multiple narrow beams are used to cover the entire cell, the number of beams required will be greater. In this case, the PRACH detection processing has high complexity and large delay, which seriously affects the access delay of user equipment. However, if a wide beam is used to cover the entire cell, the gain of the beam during the access phase will become smaller and the performance of PRACH detection will become worse, which will ultimately affect the access performance of the user equipment and the coverage performance of the beam. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a PRACH detection method.
  • the embodiments of the present application perform PRACH detection scanning based on group beams, and use multiple groups of beams to cover the entire cell. Groups located closer to the base station can use wide beam coverage to reduce the number of beams and reduce processing complexity; groups farther away can use narrow beam coverage to obtain beam gain.
  • This application can also determine the beam detection sequence according to the pre-stated user distribution number of user distribution. When a preamble sequence is detected, a random access response (RAR) can be sent immediately to enable the average access of cell users. The delay is shorter. At the same time, when there is no preamble sequence detected for all beams, if there are multiple beam peaks exceeding a certain threshold, multiple beams can be used for joint detection, thereby further improving PRACH detection performance.
  • RAR random access response
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a PRACH detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method provided in this embodiment may be executed by an access network device or a chip in the access network device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a PRACH detection method.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Each beam of at least two groups of beams is detected one by one, first the time domain data of multiple antennas is received, and then the time domain data of multiple antennas is converted into frequency domain data.
  • the above conversion may use DFT or any other equivalent conversion.
  • DFT is used as an example to explain the scheme in more detail.
  • the frequency domain data of multiple antennas is weighted by DFT weights to obtain the frequency domain data of the currently detected beam.
  • the number of groups covered by the beam of the cell, the number of beams included in each group, the coverage angle of each beam, and the total number of beams detected by the PRACH of the cell may be determined according to the processing capability of the base station and the coverage required by the cell.
  • the number of groups covered by the beam of the cell can be determined according to the processing capacity of the base station and the coverage required by the cell.
  • the distance between the base station and the base station can be detected within 200 meters, for example. The detection beam is better. If the detection beam gradually weakens beyond 500 meters, the cell beam coverage can be divided into 3 groups, which are used to cover areas within 200 meters, 200-500 meters and 500 meters, respectively.
  • the coverage angle of each beam is determined according to the processing capability of the base station and the coverage required by the cell, that is, whether each beam adopts a wide beam or a narrow beam.
  • the beams covered by the cell may be two groups, where the first group includes 2 wide beams and the second group includes 4 narrow beams.
  • the beams covered by the cell may be three groups, where the first group includes 2 wide beams, the second group includes 4 narrow beams, and the third group includes 8 narrow beams. It should be noted by those skilled in the art that the beams included in each group may be narrow beams, wide beams, or both narrow beams and wide beams. Any choice may be made according to the actual situation, which is not limited herein. .
  • the coverage scheme generally adopted if multiple narrow beams are used to cover the entire cell, it will cause problems of high processing complexity and large delay, affect the access delay of the user equipment, and cause an extremely poor access experience. If a wide beam is used to cover the entire cell, the beam gain will be reduced and the demodulation performance will be deteriorated, which will eventually affect the beam coverage performance. Compared with the current coverage scheme, this application guarantees the use of narrow-wave coverage for long-distance coverage to ensure gain. For short distances, wide-beam coverage can be used to reduce the coverage beam and the processing complexity, so that user equipment can access faster and reduce Access delay.
  • the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH may be a preamble.
  • S203 Determine the PRACH time-domain correlation peak according to the frequency-domain data of the PRACH corresponding frequency.
  • Correlation calculation of frequency domain data corresponding to PRACH and sequences in local storage may use conjugate dot product. Perform a conjugate dot product of the preamble and the locally stored sequence. Then, the data after the conjugate point multiplication is converted into the time domain by a second transform to obtain the PRACH time-domain correlation peak.
  • the PRACH time-domain correlation peak may include multiple peaks.
  • the second transform may be an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). Those skilled in the art should note that the second transform may also use any equivalent transform method.
  • a first peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH; the first peak is the peak with the highest time-domain correlation peak of PRACH.
  • the peak with the highest peak is selected from the multiple peaks in the time-domain correlation peak of the PRACH obtained as the first peak.
  • the first peak value of the currently detected beam is greater than the first threshold. If the first peak value of the currently detected beam is greater than the first threshold, it indicates that the preamble has a strong correlation with the locally stored sequence, and it can be considered that the user equipment can access from the currently detected beam, and the final detection result is reported to the high-level software .
  • the beams are grouped first, and the cells are covered by multiple sets of beams.
  • the beams selected by different groups when the user equipment accesses, it can effectively reduce the number of detected beams and can also reduce the access delay of the user equipment.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another PRACH detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • this application also provides another PRACH detection method. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes the following steps:
  • S301 Determine at least two groups of beams, and each group of beams includes at least one beam.
  • First determine the coverage scheme required for current cell coverage that is, determine the number of groups covered by the cell beam, the number of beams included in each group, the coverage angle of each beam, and the total number of beams detected by the cell's PRACH.
  • S302 Determine the number of users distributed in each beam of the at least two groups of beams according to historical data
  • the number of users in each beam in the cell can be determined based on historical data over a period of time in the past. That is, determine how many user equipments in each beam access from this beam.
  • all beams are sorted in descending order.
  • the user equipment in the beam ranked first has the most access, and the number of users in the beam gradually decreases according to the order of arrangement.
  • all the beams covered in the cell are detected according to the above detection sequence.
  • all beams in the cell are detected according to the described sequence.
  • the detection may be stopped for subsequent undetected beams, thereby reducing the processing complexity of subsequent beams.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of yet another PRACH detection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • this application also provides another PRACH detection method.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • the first peak value of all beams in the cell When the first peak value of all beams in the cell is less than the first threshold, the first peak value of all beams in the cell can be compared with the second threshold. If there are two or more beams, the first peak value is greater than or equal to At the second threshold, the time-domain correlation peaks of two or more beams whose first peak exceeds the second threshold are incoherently combined. The non-coherent merged time-domain correlation peak is compared again with the first threshold.
  • the current user equipment signal When the first peak of two or more beams is greater than or equal to the second threshold, the current user equipment signal is considered weak and a single beam cannot be detected, but multiple beams can be jointly detected to further improve PRACH detection performance.
  • S402. Determine a second peak value according to the non-coherently combined time-domain correlation peak; the second peak is the highest peak in the non-coherently combined time-domain correlation peak.
  • the peak with the highest peak is selected from the multiple peaks in the non-coherently combined time-domain correlation peak as the second peak.
  • the second peak value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it is considered that multiple beams jointly detect the preamble sent by the user equipment, and the preamble has a strong correlation with the locally stored sequence, and finally the detection result is reported to the high-level Software and send the random access response to the user equipment.
  • the following steps may also be included: searching for the peak value in each search interval according to each beam, and then determining the time delay according to the position of the peak point, and calculating the initial maximum time advance (TA) value. Then, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment.
  • the random access response message includes an initial maximum time advance.
  • the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station. Among them, the initial TA value is used to send information in advance of the TA time after subsequent user equipment establishes a connection with the base station to ensure time synchronization during connection.
  • first and second in the “first peak” and “second peak” referred to in this application are only for distinguishing the highest peak among two different time-domain related peaks, There is no order between the two.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of beam coverage provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • this embodiment takes 64 transceivers (TRX) as an example to describe a PRACH detection method based on packet beam scanning.
  • 64TRX contains 64 radio frequency channels, which can be understood as receiving time domain data of 64 antennas.
  • the scene may be a scene with a cell coverage requirement of 120° horizontal and 12° vertical.
  • a design scheme of two vertical beams and a horizontal 7+1 beam can be used.
  • the position of the horizontal axis 0 in FIG. 5 is the position of the base station. Among them, the position from the base station is vertical from near and far, and is parallel to the left and right and the horizontal direction from the base station. Among them, the position close to the base station is horizontally covered with a wide beam, that is, the lower horizontal coverage in FIG. 5 is a beam of -40°-40°; the position farther than the base station is horizontally covered with 7 narrow beams, as shown in FIG.
  • each beam is simultaneously covered with a left-polarized beam and a right-polarized beam, and is used to receive signals in various directions on the area.
  • beams with different polarizations may be numbered, for example, left-polarized beam numbers are 0-7, and right-polarized beam numbers are 8-15, respectively.
  • the base station Before detecting beams, the base station sets an indicator of the number of users for each beam.
  • the reference signal received power (RSRP) value of each beam can be counted.
  • the user number indication flag is increased by one.
  • the number of users distributed in all beams in the cell in a certain period of time in the past is counted, and priority is sorted according to the number of users distributed to determine the beam scanning order of PRACH detection.
  • the base station obtains the frequency domain signals of 64 antennas by acquiring the time domain data of 64 antennas and adopting DFT transformation. According to the determined grouping beam scheme, the frequency domain signals of the antenna are weighted to obtain frequency domain signals corresponding to 16 beams. Among them, each polarization is 8 beams.
  • each beam in the cell is sequentially detected. Extract the frequency-domain data of the frequency corresponding to the current detection beam PRACH, and do the conjugate dot product with the locally stored root sequence. Then IFFT transformation is performed to convert the result of conjugate point product of frequency domain data and local sequence to time domain. Find peaks in each search interval in the time domain. If the position of the peak point exceeds the first detection threshold Thr1, it can be considered that the Preamble detection is successful. At the same time, the delay can be determined according to the position of the peak and the initial TA value can be calculated. When the Preamble is detected successfully, RAR is sent immediately to reduce user access delay.
  • immediately sending RAR means that the base station side sends a message 2 (message2, Msg2), which is used to notify the UE side of the follow-up process
  • the peak value of all beams in the current cell does not exceed Thr1 after traversal, it means that the single beam does not detect the Preamble. Then, it is determined whether the peak value of each beam in the current cell exceeds the second threshold Thr2. If there are two or more beams whose peak value exceeds Thr2, two or more beams whose peak value exceeds Thr2 are incoherently combined and then subjected to PRACH detection again, thereby further improving PRACH detection performance.
  • This application can well balance the complexity of PRACH processing and detection performance.
  • the near point uses wide beam coverage to reduce the number of detection beams and reduce the processing complexity.
  • the narrow beam coverage at the far point can obtain higher beam gain and improve the detection performance of PRACH.
  • the present application also determines the detection order of PRACH beams by counting the user distribution of different beams in the cell, which can reduce the average access delay of cell users.
  • the application determines whether the peak value of each beam exceeds the second threshold, and detects all the time-domain correlation peaks of the beams exceeding the second threshold after incoherent combination and then detects again, which can improve PRACH. Test performance.
  • first threshold and the second threshold in this application can be set according to the actual situation, and can be any integer, any ratio or percentage value, or any decimal, this application Again, no restrictions.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PRACH detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides a PRACH detection device 600, including: a detection module 601, which sequentially detects frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams; an acquisition module 602, which detects the frequency domain of the beam currently detected Obtain the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH from the data; determine the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH according to the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH; determine the first peak according to the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH; the first peak is the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH The highest peak value; the confirmation module 603, when the first peak value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, sends a random access response message to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • a detection module 601 which sequentially detects frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams
  • an acquisition module 602 which detects the frequency domain of the beam currently detected Obtain the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH from the data; determine the time
  • the detection module 601 further includes: determining at least two groups of beams, and each group of beams includes at least one beam.
  • the detection module 601 further includes: determining a detection order of beams; the detection module 601 includes: sequentially detecting frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to the detection order.
  • determining the detection order of the beams includes: determining the number of user distributions of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to historical data; descending all beams in the at least two groups of beams according to the number of user distributions Arrange to get the detection order.
  • the confirmation module 603 further includes: when the first peak value of each beam in the at least two groups of beams is less than the first threshold, and the first peak value of at least two beams in the at least two groups of beams is greater than When it is equal to the second threshold, the time-domain correlation peaks of at least two beams whose first peak is greater than or equal to the second threshold are incoherently combined; the second peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peaks after the incoherent combination; the second peak is non-coherent The highest peak in the time-domain correlation peak after coherent combining; when the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the detection module 601 includes: acquiring time domain data of multiple antennas; converting the time domain data of multiple antennas into frequency domain data through a first transformation; and passing the frequency domain data of multiple antennas through the first A transform weight is weighted to obtain frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams.
  • the obtaining module 602 includes: performing correlation calculation between the frequency domain data corresponding to the PRACH frequency and the sequence in the local storage; converting the frequency domain data corresponding to the PRACH frequency after the correlation calculation through a second transformation In the time domain, the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH is obtained.
  • the correlation calculation includes: conjugate dot product calculation.
  • the confirmation module 603 further includes: when the first peak or the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, determining a time point corresponding to the first peak or the second peak, and calculating the initial maximum time according to the time point Advance amount.
  • This application can well balance the complexity of PRACH processing and detection performance.
  • the near point uses wide beam coverage to reduce the number of detection beams and reduce the processing complexity.
  • the narrow beam coverage at the far point can obtain higher beam gain and improve the detection performance of PRACH.
  • the present application also determines the detection order of PRACH beams by counting the user distribution of different beams in the cell, which can reduce the average access delay of cell users.
  • the present application determines whether the first peak value of each beam exceeds the second threshold, and detects all the time-domain correlation peaks of the beams exceeding the second threshold after incoherent combination and then detects again. Improve PRACH detection performance.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application further provides a communication device 700, and the communication device 700 includes a processing unit 701 and a communication unit 702.
  • the communication device 700 further includes a storage unit 703.
  • the processing unit 701, the communication unit 702, and the storage unit 703 are connected through a communication bus.
  • the processing unit 701 may be a unit with a processing function for controlling the communication device 700 to execute a method or action, and the processing unit 701 may include one or more processors.
  • the storage unit 703 may be a unit having a storage function.
  • the storage unit 703 may include one or more memories, and the memory may be one or more devices or devices in a circuit for storing programs or data.
  • the storage unit 703 may exist independently, and is connected to the processing unit 701 through a communication bus.
  • the storage unit may also be integrated with the processing unit 701.
  • the communication unit 702 may be a unit having a transceiving function for communicating with other communication devices.
  • the communication device 700 may be used in communication devices, circuits, hardware components, or chips.
  • the communication device 700 may be a base station in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the device 600.
  • the schematic diagram of the device 600 may be as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the communication unit 702 of the communication device 700 may include an antenna and a transceiver.
  • the communication unit 702 of the communication device 700 may include a network interface.
  • the communication device 700 may be a chip in the base station in the embodiment of the present application, for example, the device 600.
  • the schematic diagram of the device 600 may be as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the communication unit 702 may be an input or output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like.
  • the storage unit 703 may store computer-executed instructions of the method on the access network device side, so that the processing unit 701 executes the method of the access network device 600 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the storage unit 703 may be a register, a cache, or RAM.
  • the storage unit 703 may be integrated with the processing unit 701; the storage unit 703 may be a ROM or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions.
  • the storage unit 703 may be
  • the processing unit 701 is independent.
  • the transceiver may be integrated on the communication device 700.
  • the communication device 700 can be a base station or a chip in the base station implemented in this application, the communication device 700 can execute a method performed by the base station, for example, a method performed by the device 600.
  • the processing unit 701 may sequentially detect the frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams; obtain the frequency domain data corresponding to the frequency of PRACH from the frequency domain data of the currently detected beam; determine the PRACH according to the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH Time-domain correlation peak; determine the first peak according to the PRACH time-domain correlation peak; the first peak is the highest peak in the PRACH time-domain correlation peak; when the first peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, send a random access to the user equipment A random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the processing unit 701 may also determine at least two sets of beams, and each set of beams includes at least one beam.
  • the storage unit 702 may determine the detection order of the beams; the processor 701 includes: sequentially detecting frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to the detection order.
  • determining the detection order of the beams includes: determining the number of user distributions of each beam in at least two groups of beams according to historical data; descending all beams in the at least two groups of beams according to the number of user distributions Arrange to get the detection order.
  • the processing unit 701 may also, when the first peak value of each beam in the at least two groups of beams is less than the first threshold, and the first peak value of at least two beams in the at least two groups of beams is greater than When it is equal to the second threshold, the time-domain correlation peaks of at least two beams whose first peak is greater than or equal to the second threshold are incoherently combined; the second peak is determined according to the time-domain correlation peaks after the incoherent combination; the second peak is non-coherent The highest peak in the time-domain correlation peak after coherent combining; when the second peak is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a random access response message is sent to the user equipment, and the random access response message is used to establish a connection between the user equipment and the base station.
  • the processing unit 701 can also acquire time domain data of multiple antennas; convert the time domain data of multiple antennas into frequency domain data through a first transformation; and convert the frequency domain data of multiple antennas through the first A transform weight is weighted to obtain frequency domain data of each beam in at least two groups of beams.
  • the processing unit 701 can also perform correlation calculation on the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH and the sequence in the local storage; convert the frequency domain data of the frequency corresponding to PRACH after the correlation calculation through a second transformation In the time domain, the time-domain correlation peak of PRACH is obtained.
  • the correlation calculation includes: conjugate dot product calculation.
  • the processing unit 701 may determine the time point corresponding to the first peak or the second peak, and calculate the initial maximum time advance according to the time point the amount.
  • the functions of the functional units in the communication device in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by the steps performed by the devices in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. Therefore, the communication device provided by the embodiments of the present invention The specific working process will not be repeated here.
  • This application can well balance the complexity of PRACH processing and detection performance.
  • the near point uses wide beam coverage to reduce the number of detection beams and reduce the processing complexity.
  • the narrow beam coverage at the far point can obtain higher beam gain and improve the detection performance of PRACH.
  • the present application also determines the detection order of PRACH beams by counting the user distribution of different beams in the cell, which can reduce the average access delay of cell users.
  • the application determines whether the peak value of each beam exceeds the second threshold, and detects all the time-domain correlation peaks of the beams exceeding the second threshold after incoherent combination and then detects again, which can improve PRACH. Test performance.
  • non-transitory English: non-transitory
  • non-transitory such as random access memory, read only memory, flash memory, hard disk, solid state drive, magnetic tape (English: magnetic tape), floppy disk (English: floppy disk), optical disk (English: optical disc) And any combination thereof.

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Abstract

本申请实施例涉及一种PRACH检测方法，方法包括：依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；当第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息。采用先将波束进行分组，通过多组波束对小区进行覆盖。通过不同组选取的不同波束，当用户设备接入时，可以有效减少检测的波束个数同时降低接入时延。同时，当对扫描波束进行排序后，可以根据用户设备接入情况优先扫描使用率高的波束，从而使得用户设备可以更快的接入，进一步降低接入时延，降低处理复杂度。

Description

一种PRACH检测方法及装置
本申请要求于2018年12月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811544241.7、申请名称为“一种PRACH检测方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种基于分层波束扫描的PRACH检测方法及装置。
背景技术
随着第五代移动通信技术(5th-generation，5G)技术的发展，国际电信联盟无线电通信局(international telecommunication union-radiocommunicationssector，ITU-R)已经确定5G主要的三大应用场景，包括：增强移动宽带(enhanced mobile broadband，eMBB)、超高可靠低时延通信(ultra-reliable and low latency communication，URLLC)、大规模机器组通信(massive machine type communication，mMTC)。同时，上述三大应用场景对于用户设备(user equipment，UE)的接入时延也相应提出了更高的要求。
在5G无线通信系统中，基站(gNodeB)通过随机接入的方式来实现对UE的接入，从而获得相应的UE标识(identification，ID)，同时实现UE上行的时间同步。而物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)检测为实现接入过程中第一步。在PRACH检测中通过检测前导码(preamble)来估计接入UE的往返传播时延。gNodeB通过检测UE发送过来的preamble来确定该preamble子帧中是否存在UE发起的随机接入请求，以及确定当前发起随机接入请求的preamble对应的是哪个UE。为了实现对UE上行时间的同步以及随机接入信道(random access channel，RACH)功率的控制，物理层会对检测到的preamble进行测量，其中包括测量上行时偏测量、RACH的干扰噪声功率和RACH信道的接收功率强度，最终将测量结果上报至高层。
当前5G采用大规模天线(Massive MIMO)技术，用于提升系统容量和覆盖。在初始接入阶段由于无法获得用户所在的最优波束，上行PRACH检测接收只能通过遍历所有的波束来进行检测，但是这样会严重增加用户的接入时延。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种PRACH检测方法及装置，采用先将波束进行分组，通过多组波束对小区进行覆盖。当用户设备准备接入时，根据不同组内覆盖的不同波束的，有效减少检测的波束个数，从而降低用户设备接入时延，并且降低处理复杂度。
第一方面，提供了一种PRACH检测方法，方法包括：依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；第一峰值为PRACH的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第一峰值大于等于第 一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，在依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据之前，方法还包括：确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
在一个可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：确定波束的检测顺序；依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据，包括：按照检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确定波束的检测顺序，包括：根据历史数据，确定至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量；按照用户分布数量对至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到检测顺序。
在一个可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：当至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值，且至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并；根据非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应消息发送给用户设备，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据，包括：获取多个天线的时域数据；通过第一变换将多个天线的时域数据转换成频域数据；将多个天线的频域数据通过第一变换权值进行加权，得到至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰，包括：将PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算；通过第二变换将相关性计算后的PRACH对应频率的频域数据转换到时域，得到PRACH的时域相关峰。
在一个可能的实施方式中，相关性计算包括：共轭点乘计算。
在一个可能的实施方式中，方法还包括：当第一峰值或第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，确定第一峰值或第二峰值对应的时间点，并根据时间点计算初始最大时间提前量。
第二方面，提供了一种PRACH检测装置，包括：检测模块，依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；获取模块，从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；第一峰值为PRACH的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；确认模块，当第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块还包括：确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块还包括：确定波束的检测顺序；检测模块包括：按照检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确定波束的检测顺序，包括：根据历史数据，确定至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量；按照用户分布数量对至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到检测顺序。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确认模块还包括：当至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值，且至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并；根据非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应消息发送给用户设备，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块包括：获取多个天线的时域数据；通过第一变换将多个天线的时域数据转换成频域数据；将多个天线的频域数据通过第一变换权值进行加权，得到至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，获取模块包括：将PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算；通过第二变换将相关性计算后的PRACH对应频率的频域数据转换到时域，得到PRACH的时域相关峰。
在一个可能的实施方式中，相关性计算包括：共轭点乘计算。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确认模块还包括：当第一峰值或第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，确定第一峰值或第二对应的时间点，并根据时间点计算初始最大时间提前量。
第三方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是基站或者基站中的芯片，该通信装置包括处理器，该处理器与存储器耦合，该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，该处理器用于读取并执行该存储器中的该计算机程序或指令，使得该通信装置执行第一方面的方法，可选的，该通信装置还包括该存储器。
第四方面，提供了一种存储程序的计算机可读存储介质，程序包括指令，指令当被计算机执行时，使计算机执行第一方面的方法。
第五方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其运行时，使得第一方面的方法被执行。
本申请公开了一种PRACH检测方法及装置，采用先将波束进行分组，通过多组波束对小区进行覆盖。通过不同组选取的不同波束，当用户设备接入时，可以有效减少检测的波束个数同时降低接入时延。同时，当对扫描波束进行排序后，可以根据用户设备接入情况优先扫描使用率高的波束，从而使得用户设备可以更快的接入，进一步降低接入时延，降低处理复杂度。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测应用场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测方法流程图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种PRACH检测方法流程图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的再一种PRACH检测方法流程图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种波束覆盖示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测装置示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请应用在网络功能虚拟化系统中，如图1所示，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测应用场景示意图。
如图1所示，该场景包括了至少一个基站和多个UE。其中，基站将覆盖范围以120°将360°范围划分为3个小区，对于每个小区来说，基站通过调整该基站的天线阵列中每个天线的加权系数，产生具有方向指向性的波束。该场景下UE位于基站周围，基站与UE之间通过波束建立通信。当UE与基站建立连接之前，UE通过随机接入的方式接入基站，基站通过检测UE发送的前导码来确定是否有UE的接入以及当前请求接入的UE是哪一个。本领域技术人员应当注意，图1示出的以120°为一个小区的划分方式仅仅为一种可能的实施方式，还可以根据实际需求以其他角度进行划分小区范围，本申请再此不做限定。本领域技术人员还应当注意，本申请将以其中的一个小区作为示例进行阐述。
在5G无线通信系统中，普遍使用Massive MIMO技术。而在Massive MIMO基站侧PRACH检测的做法是采用分波束检测，然后最终选择与本地序列进行相关计算，选择峰值最强的波束作为检测结果。本申请提供了一种PRACH检测方法，首先接收多根天线的时域数据，然后将多根天线的时域数据转换为频域数据。上述转换可以是离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)，也可以是其他任意等效的变换。本申请以DFT为例，对方案进行更为详细的说明。将多根天线的频域数据通过DFT权值进行加权，得到多个波束的频域数据。本领域人员应当注意，多根天线的数量与多个波束的数量可以相同也可以不同。目前业界常用的是采用DFT权值对接收的天线时域数据进行处理并加权，得到波束的频域数据。然后每个波束分别检测，根据每个波束的检测结果选择检测峰值最强的波束，作为最终检测结果。
但是当前的Massive MIMO的PRACH检测方案为获得多天线的增益，采用在波束域进行检测。如果采用多个窄波束覆盖整个小区，需要的波束数就会较多。此时PRACH检测处理复杂度较高、时延大，严重影响用户设备的接入时延。而如果采用宽波束覆盖整个小区，则会导致接入阶段的波束增益变小，PRACH检测性能变差，最终就会影响到用户设备的接入与波束的覆盖性能。为此本申请实施例提供了一种PRACH检测方法。
本申请实施例基于分组波束进行PRACH检测扫描，采用多组波束覆盖整个小区。位于基站近一些的组可以采用宽波束覆盖，减少波束个数，降低处理复杂度；稍微远一些的组可以采用窄波束覆盖以获得波束增益。本申请还可以根据用户分布的预先统计的用户分布数量来确定波束的检测顺序，当检测到前导码序列后，立即发送随机接入相应(random access response，RAR)可以使小区用户平均接入时延更短。同时，在对于所有波束都没有检测到的前导码序列时，如果存在多个波束的峰值超过某一门限值的情况，则可采用多个波束进行联合检测，从而进一步提升PRACH检测性能。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测方法流程图。本实施例所提供的方法可以由接入网设备或者接入网设备中的芯片执行。
如图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种PRACH检测方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
S201，依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
对至少两组波束中的每个波束进行逐一检测，首先接收多根天线的时域数据，然后 将多根天线的时域数据转换为频域数据。上述转换可以采用DFT，也可以是其他任意等效的变换。在本申请的实施例中均以DFT为例，对方案进行更为详细的说明。将多根天线的频域数据通过DFT权值进行加权，得到当前检测的波束的频域数据。
在一个实施例中，可以根据基站的处理能力以及小区所需的覆盖范围，确定小区波束覆盖的组数，每组包含的波束数量、每个波束的覆盖角度以及小区的PRACH检测的波束总数。其中，可以根据基站的处理能力以及小区所需的覆盖范围确定小区波束覆盖的组数，在一个例子中，可以例如该距离该基站200米以内，基站检测波束效果很好，200-500米内基站检测波束较好，500米以外检测波束逐渐减弱，便可以将该小区波束覆盖分为3组，分别用于覆盖200米内、200-500米内以及500米外区域。根据基站的处理能力以及小区所需的覆盖范围确定每个波束的覆盖角度，即确定每个波束是采用宽波束或者是窄波束。在一个例子中，小区覆盖的波束可以是两组，其中第一组包括2个宽波束，第二组包括4个窄波束。在另一个例子中，小区覆盖的波束可以是三组，其中第一组包括2个宽波束，第二组包括4个窄波束，第三组包括8个窄波束。本领域人员应当注意，每组中包括的波束可以都采用窄波束，也可以都采用宽波束，还可以窄波束和宽波束同时采用，可以根据实际情况任一选择，本申请在此不做限定。
当前通常采用的覆盖方案，如果采用多个窄波束覆盖整个小区，则会导致处理复杂度高、时延大的问题，影响用户设备的接入时延，导致接入体验极差。若采用宽波束覆盖整个小区，则又会导致波束增益变小、解调性能变差，最终影响到波束的覆盖性能。本申请相比于当前的覆盖方案，即保证了远距离采用窄波覆盖保证增益，对于近距离可以采用宽波束覆盖减少覆盖波束，降低处理复杂度，使得用户设备可以更快的接入，降低接入时延。
S202，从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据。
从当前检测波束的频域数据中，获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据。在一个实施例中，上述PRACH对应频率的频域数据可以是preamble。
S203，根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰。
将PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算。在一个实施例中，该相关性计算可以是采用共轭点乘。将preamble与本地存储的序列进行共轭点乘。然后通过第二变换将共轭点乘后的数据转换到时域，得到所述PRACH的时域相关峰。其中，PRACH的时域相关峰中可以包括有多个峰值。在一个实施例中，第二变换可以是快速傅里叶反变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)，本领域人员应当注意，上述第二变换还可以采用任一等效的变换方式。
S204，根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；第一峰值为PRACH的时域相关峰重最高的峰值。
从转换得到的PRACH的时域相关峰中的多个峰值中选择峰值最高的峰值，作为第一峰值。
S205，当第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
确定当前检测波束的第一峰值是否大于第一阈值。若的当前检测波束的第一峰值大于第一阈值，则表明preamble与本地存储的序列的相关性很强，可以认为用户设备可以从 当前检测的波束上进行接入，最终检测结果上报高层的软件。
本申请通过采用先将波束进行分组，通过多组波束对小区进行覆盖。通过不同组选取的不同波束，当用户设备接入时，在有效减少检测的波束个数的同时还可降低用户设备的接入时延。
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种PRACH检测方法流程图。
在图2所示方案的基础上，本申请还提供了另一种PRACH检测方法，如图3所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
S301，确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
首先确定当前小区覆盖所需要的覆盖方案，即确定小区波束覆盖的组数，每组包含的波束数量、每个波束的覆盖角度以及小区的PRACH检测的波束总数。
S302，根据历史数据，确定所述至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量
可以根据以往一段时间内的历史数据，确定小区中每个波束内的用户分布数量。即确定每个波束内有多少的用户设备从该波束接入。
S303，按照所述用户分布数量对所述至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到所述检测顺序
按照每个波束的用户分布数量，对所有波束进行降序排列。位列第一位的波束内用户设备接入最多，按照排列顺序，波束内用户分布数量逐渐递减。
S304，按照所述检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据
然后按照上述检测顺序对小区内覆盖的所有波束进行检测。波束内的用户分布数量越多，检测的优先级越高。在一个实施例中，按照所述顺序对小区内所有波束进行检测，当在其中一个波束检测到preamble序列后，对于后续未检测的波束，可以停止检测，从而降低后续波束的处理复杂度。
通过对小区内所有波束进行优先级排序，对于用户分布数量多的波束优先进行检测，可以更加快速的使用户设备进行接入，降低处理复杂度同时减少接入时延。
图4为本申请实施例提供的再一种PRACH检测方法流程图。
如图4所示，本申请还提供了再一种PRACH检测方法。在图2中S204后，该方法包括以下步骤：
S401，当至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值，且至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并。
对于小区内的所有波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值时，可以将该小区内所有波束的第一峰值与第二阈值进行对比，若存在两个及两个以上波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，则将上述第一峰值超过第二阈值的两个及两个以上波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并。对非相干合并后的时域相关峰与第一阈值再次比较。
当存在两个及两个以上波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，可以认为当前用户设备信号较弱，单个波束无法检测到，但是可以通过多个波束联合检测，进一步提升PRACH检测性能。
S402，根据非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值。
从非相干合并后的时域相关峰中的多个峰值中选择峰值最高的峰值，作为第二峰值。
S403，当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应发送给用户设备，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
此时，当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，即认为多个波束联合检测检测到了用户设备发送的preamble，并且该preamble与本地存储的序列的相关性很强，最终将检测结果上报高层的软件，并将随机接入响应发送给用户设备。
通过对两个及两个以上波束进行非相干合并后检测，针对单一波束检测不到用户设备的问题进行了有效抑制，进一步提升了PRACH的检测性能。
在一个实施例中，还可以包括以下步骤：根据每个波束在各搜索区间查找峰值，然后根据峰值点的位置判断时延，计算初始最大时间提前量(time advanced，TA)值。然后向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息包括初始最大时间提前量，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。其中，初始TA值用于后续用户设备与基站建立连接后，提前TA时间发送信息，以保证连接时的时间同步。
本领域人员应当注意，本申请中涉及到的“第一峰值”和“第二峰值”中的“第一”、“第二”仅仅为了区分两次不同的时域相关峰中最高的峰值，二者之间并没有先后顺序。
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种波束覆盖示意图。
下面将结合一个更为具体是实施例对本申请涉及的方法进行阐述。
如图5所示，本实施例以64收发信机(transceiver，TRX)为例，描述基于分组波束扫描的PRACH检测方法。其中，64TRX包含有64个射频通道，可以理解为接收64根天线的时域数据。
首先，根据小区覆盖场景，确定小区PRACH检测的分组波束。在一个实施例中，该场景可以是如小区覆盖范围要求为水平120°、垂直12°的场景。在一个例子中，可以采用垂直两波束，水平7+1波束的设计方案。图5中横轴坐标0的位置即基站的位置。其中，与基站位置由近及远为垂直方向，与基站位置左右平行及水平方向。其中，靠近基站的位置水平方向采用1个宽波束覆盖，即图5中下方水平覆盖由-40°—40°的波束；较远于基站的位置水平方向采用7个窄波束覆盖，即图5中上方的7个窄波束。每个波束均采用左极化波束和右极化波束同时覆盖，用于接收该区域上各个方向上的信号。在一个例子中，可以对不同极化的波束进行编号，例如左极化波束编号分别为0～7，右极化的波束编号分别为8～15。
在检测波束之前，基站对每个波束设置一个用户数指示标识。当有用户设备接入后，可以统计每个波束的参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)值。然后对于RSRP值超过预先设置的PSRP阈值的波束，用户数指示标识加1。然后，统计过去某一时间段内小区中所有波束的用户分布数量的情况，根据用户分布数量的多少进行优先级排序，确定PRACH检测的波束扫描顺序。
基站通过获取64根天线的时域数据，采用DFT变换获取64根天线的频域信号。根据已经确定的分组波束方案，将天线的频域信号进行加权得到对应16个波束的频域信号。其中，每个极化为8个波束。
根据预先确定好的波束扫描顺序，对小区内的每个波束进行分别依次检测。抽取当前检测波束PRACH对应的频率的频域数据，与本地存储的根序列做共轭点乘。然后进行IFFT变换，将频域数据与本地序列共轭点乘的结果转换到时域。在时域的各搜索区间查找峰值。如果峰值点位置超过检测第一阈值Thr1，则可以认为Preamble检测成功。同时可根据峰值的位置判断时延并计算初始TA值。当Preamble检测成功后，立即发送RAR，降低用户接入时延。同时，对于其余未检测的波束后续不再检测，降低后续波束处理的复杂度。其中，立即发送RAR即基站侧发送消息2(message2，Msg2)，用于通知UE侧进行后续如流程
若遍历完当前小区内所有波束的峰值都没有超过Thr1时，即单波束没有检测到Preamble。则确定当前小区内各个波束的峰值是否超过第二阈值Thr2。如果存在两个及两个以上的波束的峰值超过Thr2，则对峰值超过Thr2的两个及两个以上的波束进行非相干合并后再次进行PRACH检测，从而进一步提升PRACH的检测性能。
本申请能很好平衡PRACH处理复杂度和检测性能，通过分组波束扫描方案，近点采用宽波束覆盖，减少检测波束个数，降低处理复杂度。远点采用窄波束覆盖，能够获得更高的波束增益，提升PRACH的检测性能。同时，本申请还通过统计小区中不同的波束的用户分布情况，来确定PRACH波束的检测顺序，这样可以降低小区用户的平均接入时延。对于单一波束检测不到Preamble时，本申请最后通过判断每个波束的峰值是否超过第二阈值，对于所有对超过第二阈值的波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并后再次检测，可以提升PRACH检测性能。
本领域人员应当注意，本申请中的第一阈值、第二阈值可以根据实际情况任一设置，可以是任一整数，也可以是任一比值或百分比数值，还可以是任一小数，本申请再次不做限定。
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种PRACH检测装置示意图。
如图6所示，本申请提供了一种PRACH检测装置600，包括：检测模块601，依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；获取模块602，从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；第一峰值为PRACH的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；确认模块603，当第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块601还包括：确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块601还包括：确定波束的检测顺序；检测模块601包括：按照检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确定波束的检测顺序，包括：根据历史数据，确定至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量；按照用户分布数量对至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到检测顺序。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确认模块603还包括：当至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值，且至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并；根据 非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应消息发送给用户设备，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，检测模块601包括：获取多个天线的时域数据；通过第一变换将多个天线的时域数据转换成频域数据；将多个天线的频域数据通过第一变换权值进行加权，得到至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，获取模块602包括：将PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算；通过第二变换将相关性计算后的PRACH对应频率的频域数据转换到时域，得到PRACH的时域相关峰。
在一个可能的实施方式中，相关性计算包括：共轭点乘计算。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确认模块603还包括：当第一峰值或第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，确定第一峰值或第二峰值对应的时间点，并根据时间点计算初始最大时间提前量。
本申请能很好平衡PRACH处理复杂度和检测性能，通过分组波束扫描方案，近点采用宽波束覆盖，减少检测波束个数，降低处理复杂度。远点采用窄波束覆盖，能够获得更高的波束增益，提升PRACH的检测性能。同时，本申请还通过统计小区中不同的波束的用户分布情况，来确定PRACH波束的检测顺序，这样可以降低小区用户的平均接入时延。对于单一波束检测不到Preamble时，本申请最后通过判断每个波束的第一峰值是否超过第二阈值，对于所有对超过第二阈值的波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并后再次检测，可以提升PRACH检测性能。
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置示意图。
如图7所示，本申请还提供一种通信装置700，该通信装置700包括处理单元701和通信单元702。可选的，通信装置700还包括存储单元703。处理单元701、通信单元702和存储单元703通过通信总线相连。
处理单元701可以是具有处理功能的单元，用于控制通信装置700执行方法或者动作，处理单元701可以包括一个或者多个处理器。
存储单元703可以是具有存储功能的单元，例如存储单元703可以包括一个或者多个存储器，存储器可以是一个或者多个设备或者电路中用于存储程序或者数据的器件。
存储单元703可以独立存在，通过通信总线与处理单元701相连。存储单元也可以与处理单元701集成在一起。
通信单元702可以是具有收发功能的单元，用于与其他通信设备进行通信。
通信装置700可以用于通信设备、电路、硬件组件或者芯片中。
通信装置700可以是本申请实施例中的基站，例如装置600。装置600的示意图可以如图6所示。可选的，通信装置700的通信单元702可以包括天线和收发器。可选的，通信装置700的通信单元702可以包括网络接口。
通信装置700可以是本申请实施例中的基站中的芯片，例如装置600。装置600的示意图可以如图6所示。通信单元702可以是输入或者输出接口、管脚或者电路等。可选的，存储单元703可以存储接入网设备侧方法的计算机执行指令，以使处理单元701执行上述实施例中接入网设备600的方法。存储单元703可以是寄存器、缓存或者RAM等，存储 单元703可以和处理单元701集成在一起；存储单元703可以是ROM或者可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，存储单元703可以与处理单元701相独立。可选的，随着无线通信技术的发展，收发机可以被集成在通信装置700上。
当通信装置700可以本申请实施中的基站或者基站中的芯片时，通信装置700可以执行由基站执行的方法，例如装置600执行的方法。
例如，处理单元701可以依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；根据PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；根据PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；第一峰值为PRACH的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，处理单元701还可以确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
在一个可能的实施方式中，存储单元702可以确定波束的检测顺序；处理器701包括：按照检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，确定波束的检测顺序，包括：根据历史数据，确定至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量；按照用户分布数量对至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到检测顺序。
在一个可能的实施方式中，处理单元701还可以，当至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于第一阈值，且至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并；根据非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；当第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应消息发送给用户设备，随机接入响应消息用于用户设备与基站建立连接。
在一个可能的实施方式中，处理单元701还可以获取多个天线的时域数据；通过第一变换将多个天线的时域数据转换成频域数据；将多个天线的频域数据通过第一变换权值进行加权，得到至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
在一个可能的实施方式中，处理单元701还可以将PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算；通过第二变换将相关性计算后的PRACH对应频率的频域数据转换到时域，得到PRACH的时域相关峰。
在一个可能的实施方式中，相关性计算包括：共轭点乘计算。
在一个可能的实施方式中，处理单元701还可以当第一峰值或第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，确定第一峰值或第二峰值对应的时间点，并根据时间点计算初始最大时间提前量。本申请实施例中该通信装置中的各功能单元的功能，可以通过图2至图4中所示实施例中的装置所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本发明实施例提供的通信装置的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
本申请能很好平衡PRACH处理复杂度和检测性能，通过分组波束扫描方案，近点采用宽波束覆盖，减少检测波束个数，降低处理复杂度。远点采用窄波束覆盖，能够获得更高的波束增益，提升PRACH的检测性能。同时，本申请还通过统计小区中不同的波束的用户分布情况，来确定PRACH波束的检测顺序，这样可以降低小区用户的平均接入时延。 对于单一波束检测不到Preamble时，本申请最后通过判断每个波束的峰值是否超过第二阈值，对于所有对超过第二阈值的波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并后再次检测，可以提升PRACH检测性能。
本领域普通技术人员应该还可以进一步意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各示例的组成及步骤。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令处理器完成，所述的程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中，所述存储介质是非短暂性(英文：non-transitory)介质，例如随机存取存储器，只读存储器，快闪存储器，硬盘，固态硬盘，磁带(英文：magnetic tape)，软盘(英文：floppy disk)，光盘(英文：optical disc)及其任意组合。
以上所述，仅为本申请较佳的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种PRACH检测方法，其特征在于，方法包括：
    依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据；
    从当前检测波束的频域数据中获取PRACH对应频率的频域数据；
    根据所述PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰；
    根据所述PRACH的时域相关峰确定第一峰值；所述第一峰值为所述PRACH的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；
    当所述第一峰值大于等于第一阈值时，向用户设备发送随机接入响应消息，所述随机接入响应消息用于所述用户设备与基站建立连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据之前，所述方法还包括：
    确定至少两组波束，每组波束包括至少一个波束。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定波束的检测顺序；
    所述依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据，包括：
    按照所述检测顺序依次检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述确定波束的检测顺序，包括：
    根据历史数据，确定所述至少两组波束中的每个波束的用户分布数量；
    按照所述用户分布数量对所述至少两组波束中的所有波束进行降序排列，得到所述检测顺序。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述至少两组波束中的每个波束的第一峰值均小于所述第一阈值，且所述至少两组波束中的至少两个波束的第一峰值大于等于第二阈值时，对第一峰值大于等于第二阈值的所述至少两个波束的时域相关峰进行非相干合并；
    根据非相干合并后的时域相关峰确定第二峰值；所述第二峰值为非相干合并后的时域相关峰中最高的峰值；
    当所述第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，将随机接入响应消息发送给所述用户设备，所述随机接入响应消息用于所述用户设备与基站建立连接。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述检测至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据，包括：
    获取多个天线的时域数据；
    通过第一变换将所述多个天线的时域数据转换成频域数据；
    将多个天线的频域数据通过第一变换权值进行加权，得到至少两组波束中的每个波束的频域数据。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述PRACH对应频率的频域数据确定PRACH的时域相关峰，包括：
    将所述PRACH对应频率的频域数据与本地存储中的序列进行相关性计算；
    通过第二变换将所述相关性计算后的所述PRACH对应频率的频域数据转换到时域，得到所述PRACH的时域相关峰。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述相关性计算包括：共轭点乘计算。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述第一峰值或第二峰值大于等于第一阈值时，确定所述第一峰值或第二峰值对应的时间点，并根据所述时间点计算初始最大时间提前量。
  10. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述处理器读取并执行所述存储器中的指令，用于实现所述权利要求1-9任一所述的方法。
  11. 一种存储程序的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述程序包括指令，所述指令当被执行时，使所述执行根据权利要求1-9任一所述的方法。
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