WO2020125485A1 - 下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125485A1
WO2020125485A1 PCT/CN2019/124229 CN2019124229W WO2020125485A1 WO 2020125485 A1 WO2020125485 A1 WO 2020125485A1 CN 2019124229 W CN2019124229 W CN 2019124229W WO 2020125485 A1 WO2020125485 A1 WO 2020125485A1
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base station
node
downlink
message
uplink message
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PCT/CN2019/124229
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈东杰
王�华
谢玖实
李国银
揭鸿
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阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司
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Publication of WO2020125485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125485A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of data communication, in particular to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for selecting a downlink base station.
  • LoRaWAN has three working modes: ClassA, ClassB and ClassC.
  • the downlink mechanisms of these three working modes are different, and different modes have different requirements for the selection scheme of the downlink base station.
  • the downlink receiving window of the node working in ClassB mode is opened regularly, and the downlink receiving window of the node working in ClassC mode is always open. Therefore, under ClassB and ClassC, the requirement for the selection scheme of the downlink base station is to select the best performance
  • the base station has no requirements for delay.
  • a node working in ClassA mode will only open the rx1 receiving window briefly after delaying rxdelay after sending the upstream data packet. If no downstream data is received during the rx1 window opening period, the rx2 receiving window will be opened after 1s . If the NS has a downlink command, the downlink base station must be selected within this short delay time. If the processing delay of the NS is relatively large and the opening time of these two windows is missed, then the downlink will fail.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a downlink base station selection scheme suitable for ClassA mode. When selecting a downlink base station for a node operating in ClassA mode, it can simultaneously consider the performance and delay of the base station.
  • a method for selecting a downlink base station includes: in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through a base station, determining whether the uplink message is received for the first time; When it arrives, process the uplink message to determine whether it is necessary to send a downlink message to the node; when it is necessary to send a downlink message to the node, determine whether the base station belongs to the node's set of candidate base stations, where the set of candidate base stations The signal index of the candidate base station in the node for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold; when it is determined that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, the base station is determined as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends a downlink message to the node.
  • the method further includes adding the base station information of the base station that sent the uplink message to the base station queue when it is determined that the uplink message is not received for the first time.
  • the method further includes: in the case of determining that the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, determine whether the base station in the base station queue belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node; In the case of, determine the base station as a downlink base station.
  • the method further includes: in the case where it is determined that the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, determine whether the base station corresponding to the subsequent received uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node; When the base station corresponding to the message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, the base station is determined as the downlink base station.
  • the method further includes: in the case where it is determined that none of the base stations corresponding to the subsequent received uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, selecting a signal from at least a part of the base stations corresponding to the received uplink message The best quality base station serves as the downlink base station.
  • the method further includes: setting a lock service on the upstream message, and determining whether the upstream message is received for the first time includes: requesting to obtain a lock corresponding to the upstream message, and in the case of successfully acquiring the lock, determining the upstream message It was received for the first time. If the lock acquisition fails, it is determined that the upstream packet was not received for the first time.
  • the method further includes: in the case of determining that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, further determining whether the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message; and before determining that the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message In the case of, determine the base station as a downlink base station.
  • a method for selecting a downlink base station comprising: in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through a base station, according to a signal of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station Quality data, to determine the signal quality index of the base station for the node, when the signal quality index is greater than the predetermined threshold, add the base station to the node's candidate base station set; determine whether the uplink message is received for the first time, and determine that the uplink message is received for the first time When it arrives, process the uplink message to determine whether it is necessary to send a downlink message to the node.
  • the base station When the downlink message needs to be sent to the node, determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node. In the case of a set of candidate base stations, the base station is used as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends downlink packets to the node.
  • a method for selecting a downlink base station comprising: in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through the base station, determining whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, where the set of candidate base stations The signal index of the candidate base station for the node is greater than the predetermined threshold; in the case of determining that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, determine whether the uplink message is processed; in the case of determining that the uplink message is not processed, perform the uplink message Process to determine whether a downlink message needs to be sent to the node; in a case where a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, determine the base station as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends the downlink message to the node.
  • the method further includes: in the case where it is determined that the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, determine whether the uplink message is processed; in the case where it is determined that the uplink message is not processed, the uplink received this time The message or its corresponding base station is added to the candidate set; after a predetermined time interval, it is determined whether the uplink message is processed; when it is determined that the uplink message has not been processed, the base station with the best signal quality is selected from the candidate set; The uplink message corresponding to the selected base station is processed to determine whether a downlink message needs to be sent to the node; when a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, the selected base station is determined as a downlink base station.
  • the method further includes: setting a lock service for the upstream message, and processing the upstream message includes: acquiring a lock corresponding to the upstream message, and processing the upstream message when the lock is successfully obtained,
  • the step of judging whether the upstream message is processed includes: requesting to obtain a lock corresponding to the upstream message, and in the case of failure to obtain the lock, determining that the upstream message is processed.
  • a method for selecting a downlink base station comprising: in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through a base station, according to a signal of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station Quality data to determine the signal quality index of the base station for the node. If the signal quality index is greater than the predetermined threshold, add the base station to the node's candidate base station set; determine whether the base station belongs to the node's candidate base station set.
  • the base station's signal index for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold, in the case of determining that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, determine whether the uplink message is processed, and process the uplink message when it is determined that the uplink message is not processed, To determine whether a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, and when a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, the base station is determined as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends the downlink message to the node.
  • a method for selecting a downlink base station comprising: in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through a base station, according to a signal of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station The quality data determines the signal quality index of the base station for the node; when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold, the base station is added to the node's set of candidate base stations.
  • the signal quality data includes the signal strength and/or signal-to-noise ratio when the uplink message is received by the base station.
  • the step of determining the signal quality index of the base station for the node includes: using a moving average algorithm or a weighted average algorithm to process the signal quality data of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station to obtain the base station for the node Signal quality indicator.
  • the method further includes deleting the base station from the set of candidate base stations if the signal quality indicator is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • a downlink base station selection device including: a first judgment module, configured to determine whether an uplink message is received for the first time in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through the base station;
  • the processing module is used to process the uplink message to determine whether the downlink message needs to be sent to the node when it is determined that the uplink message is received for the first time;
  • the second judgment module is used to send the downlink message to the node
  • the determination module is used to determine that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node , Determine the base station as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends downlink packets to the node.
  • a downlink base station selection apparatus including: a first processing module and a second processing module, wherein, in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through the base station, the first processing module Executed in parallel with the second processing module, where the first processing module determines the signal quality index of the base station for the node based on the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by the node through the base station, when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold
  • the base station is added to the set of candidate base stations of the node; the second processing module determines whether the uplink message is received for the first time, and processes the uplink message to determine whether it is needed if it is determined that the uplink message is received for the first time Send a downlink message to a node.
  • a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node. When it is determined that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, use the base station as a downlink base station. The base station sends the downlink message to the node.
  • a downlink base station selection apparatus comprising: a first judgment module, configured to judge whether a base station belongs to a set of candidate base stations of the node in response to receiving an uplink message sent by the node through the base station Among them, the signal index of the candidate base station in the candidate base station set for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold; the second judgment module is used to determine whether the uplink message is processed when the base station belongs to the node candidate base station set; the processing module, It is used to process the upstream message to determine whether the downstream message needs to be sent to the node when it is determined that the upstream message has not been processed.
  • the determination module is used to send the downstream message to the node.
  • the base station is determined to be a downlink base station, so that the base station sends a downlink message to the node.
  • a downlink base station selection apparatus including: a first processing module and a second processing module, wherein, in response to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through the base station, the first processing module Executed in parallel with the second processing module, where the first processing module determines the signal quality index of the base station for the node based on the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by the node through the base station, when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold
  • the base station is added to the set of candidate base stations of the node; the second processing module determines whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, where the signal index of the base station in the set of candidate base stations for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold, before determining that the base station belongs to the node In the case of a set of candidate base stations, it is determined whether the uplink message is processed.
  • the uplink message is processed to determine whether it is necessary to send a downlink message to the node.
  • the base station is determined to be a downlink base station, so that the base station sends the downlink message to the node.
  • a downlink base station selection device including: a signal quality indicator determination module, configured to respond to receiving an uplink message sent by a node through the base station, according to a node sent by the node through the base station Or the signal quality data of multiple uplink messages to determine the signal quality index of the base station for the node; the candidate base station set addition module is used to add the base station to the node's candidate base station set when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • a computing device including: a processor; and a memory, on which executable code is stored, and when the executable code is executed by the processor, the processor is executed as this The method described in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention.
  • a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium on which executable code is stored, and when the executable code is executed by the processor of the electronic device, the processor is executed as The method described in any one of the first aspect to the fifth aspect of the present invention.
  • the invention can provide a basis for selecting a downlink base station by determining a set of candidate base stations of a node, so that a base station with better performance can also be selected as a downlink base station of a node under a low delay situation, and the success rate of downlink data packets is improved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring a set of candidate base stations of a node according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for selecting a downlink base station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for selecting a downlink base station according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a structure of a downlink base station selection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a structure of a downlink base station selection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic block diagram of a structure of a downlink base station selection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic block diagram of a structure of a downlink base station selection apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device that can be used to implement the foregoing downlink base station selection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • LoRa A low-power long-distance wireless transmission scheme based on spread spectrum technology.
  • LoRaWAN A low-power wide area network (LPWAN) standard based on the open source MAC layer protocol launched by the LoRa Alliance. This technology can provide a low-power, scalable long-distance wireless network for battery-powered wireless devices.
  • LPWAN low-power wide area network
  • NS Network Server, network server, is the core part of the Internet of Things solution-core network.
  • Base station gateway, which transmits the wireless network signal of the node to the NS equipment through the backhaul network.
  • Rxpk uplink message, that is, the data message uploaded by the base station to the NS.
  • Txpk downlink message, that is, the data message that the NS downlinks to the base station.
  • Snr The signal-to-noise ratio when the node data packet is received by the base station.
  • the device unique identification code is a globally unique ID similar to IEEE EUI64, which is equivalent to the MAC address of the device.
  • gwEui The unique identification code of the base station.
  • the present invention proposes a downlink base station selection scheme suitable for ClassA mode.
  • a downlink base station for a node that is, a terminal
  • it can simultaneously consider the performance and delay of the base station, so that the performance of the selected downlink base station Better, and the delay of the whole process is lower.
  • the base station selection scheme of the present invention mainly includes two parts.
  • the first part is to determine (or update) the set of candidate base stations for the node.
  • the set of candidate base stations is used to provide a basis for the selection of downlink base stations.
  • the second part is about the processing of upstream packets and the selection of downlink base stations.
  • the first part and the second part can be executed concurrently without affecting each other. In practice, they can be handled by two system processes respectively. The implementation principles of these two parts are explained below.
  • the first part is mainly in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through a certain base station, according to the signal quality data (such as Rssi and/or Snr) of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station
  • the base station can obtain the signal index by means of a moving average algorithm or a weighted average algorithm. Then, the signal index can be compared with a predetermined threshold. If the signal index is greater than the predetermined threshold, the signal reception status of the base station can be considered to be good and suitable as a downlink base station, which can be added to the node's candidate base station set.
  • the signal index is less than the predetermined threshold, it can be considered that the signal reception status of the base station is unstable and is not suitable as a downlink base station. If the base station exists in the set of candidate base stations, the base station may be deleted from the set of candidate base stations. Therefore, in response to receiving the uplink message uploaded by the node through one or more base stations, the node candidate base station set of the node can be updated, and all candidate base stations in the updated candidate base station set can be regarded as suitable for the node Downlink base station that sends downlink packets. Therefore, the obtained set of candidate base stations can provide a basis for the selection of downlink base stations.
  • the second part is mainly for the processing of uplink packets and the selection of downlink base stations.
  • the uplink messages received for the first time can be processed, and then the downlink base station can be selected when the downlink messages need to be sent .
  • the downlink base station may be selected first, and then the uplink message corresponding to the selected downlink base station may be processed. That is to say, the base station corresponding to processing the uplink message may be consistent with the downlink base station, or may be inconsistent.
  • the base station after receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station for the first time, it can first determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, and if it is determined to belong, process the uplink message and use the base station as Downlink base station. When it is determined that it does not belong, it may not process the uplink message, and continue to determine whether the base station through which the same uplink message is subsequently received (that is, a repeated uplink message) belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node. When there is a base station belonging to the set of candidate base stations, the uplink message uploaded by the base station is processed again, and the base station is regarded as the downlink base station.
  • the uplink message can be directly processed, and then whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node can be judged. Use the base station as the downlink base station of the node. If it does not belong, continue to determine whether the base station that the node sent after the uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations. If there is a base station that belongs to the set of candidate base stations, it will be It serves as a downlink base station, otherwise, a base station with a better signal quality is selected from the base stations through which the node sends the same uplink message as the downlink base station.
  • determining the set of candidate base stations of a node it can provide a basis for the selection of a downlink base station, so that a base station with a better performance can also be selected as a downlink base station of a node (that is, a terminal) under low latency to improve downlink data packets. (That is, the downstream packet) success rate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for acquiring a set of candidate base stations of a node according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in FIG. 1 may be performed by a network server (NS).
  • NS network server
  • step S110 in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station, the signal of the base station for the node is determined according to the signal quality data of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station Quality Index.
  • the signal quality index of the base station for the node can be calculated in various ways.
  • the signal quality index of the base station for the node can be obtained by calculating the average value of the signal quality data of the one or more upstream packets.
  • the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by a node through a base station may also be processed by a weighted average algorithm or a moving average algorithm to obtain a signal quality indicator of the base station for the node.
  • the signal quality index of the base station for the node can also be calculated through various other statistical methods, which will not be repeated here.
  • Example 1 Weighted average algorithm.
  • Different weights may be given to the signal quality data of multiple upstream packets sent by the node through the base station, respectively.
  • the size of the weight is proportional to the time when the corresponding base station sends the corresponding uplink message, that is, the closer the time the base station receives the uplink message to the current time, the larger the weight, otherwise the smaller. Then, the signal quality index of the base station for the node can be obtained by weighted summation and averaging.
  • Example 2 moving average algorithm.
  • S(t) a*y(t)+(1-a)*S(t-1).
  • S(t) represents the current signal quality index of the base station.
  • y(t) represents the received signal quality data of the uplink message currently sent by the base station.
  • S(t-1) represents the historical signal quality index of the base station, that is, the signal quality index of the previously determined base station, such as the signal quality index of the base station determined last time.
  • a is the slip factor, which is proportional to the time interval between the two most recent uplink messages sent by the node through the base station.
  • the value range of a may be between [0, 1].
  • a is closer to 0, and when the time interval between the two most recently received uplink messages sent by the node through the base station is large, a is compared Close to 1.
  • a can be determined by the following formula:
  • alpha is the scaling factor
  • t is the current time when the node receives the uplink message sent by the base station
  • t_last is the last time it received the base station rxpk
  • the channel quality between the base station and the node will not change drastically during this time, and the signal quality index is greatly affected by the historical value (historical signal quality index), and the signal quality index The curve change is relatively flat.
  • the channel quality between the base station and the node may change greatly during this period, so the signal quality index is more affected by the current value (signal quality data of the uplink message currently sent by the base station) Big.
  • the signal quality data may include the signal strength (Rssi) and/or the signal-to-noise ratio (Snr) when the uplink message is received by the base station. Therefore, the signal quality indicator may also include a signal strength indicator and/or a signal-to-noise ratio indicator, which may be recorded as Rssi′ and Snr′, respectively.
  • the signal strength index may be determined based on the signal strength of one or more uplink packets sent by the node through the base station, and the signal-to-noise ratio index may be determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of one or more uplink packets sent by the node through the base station. of.
  • the signal strength indicator and/or the signal-to-noise ratio indicator reference may be made to the relevant description above, which will not be repeated here.
  • step S120 in the case where the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold, the base station is added to the node's candidate base station set.
  • the signal quality index can characterize the signal quality of the base station for the node in the current situation.
  • the link quality between the base station and the node can be considered to be good, and it is suitable as the downlink base station of the node.
  • the signal quality index is less than a predetermined threshold, it can be considered that the link quality between the base station and the node is not good and is not suitable as a downlink base station of the node.
  • the base station when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold, the base station may be added as a candidate base station of the node to the set of candidate base stations of the node. When the signal quality index is less than a predetermined threshold, the base station is deleted from the set of candidate base stations of the node (when the base station exists in the set of candidate base stations).
  • the predetermined threshold can be set according to actual conditions, and will not be described here.
  • a first predetermined threshold and a second predetermined threshold may be set for the signal strength indicator and the signal-to-noise ratio indicator, respectively.
  • the base station may be added as a candidate base station of the node to the set of candidate base stations of the node. Otherwise, the base station is deleted from the set of candidate base stations of the node.
  • the candidate base station in the candidate base station set may be set to an expiration time, and the base station will be automatically removed from the candidate set after a certain time.
  • the candidate base station set is updated. Normally This update will only take effect in the next selection of the Node's ClassA mode downlink base station.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for selecting a downlink base station according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the method shown in FIG. 2 may be performed by a network server (NS).
  • NS network server
  • the flow shown in steps S111 to S114 may be executed, or the flow shown in steps S210 to S295 may be executed.
  • the processes shown in steps S111 to S114 and the processes shown in steps S210 to S295 may be executed in parallel.
  • Steps S111 to S114 mainly analyze whether the base station belongs to the candidate base station of the node, so as to update the set of candidate base stations of the node.
  • steps S111 to S114 reference may be made to the description above in conjunction with FIG. 1, and only the process shown in FIG. 2 will be exemplarily described here.
  • step S111 in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the base station, the signal quality index of the base station for the node is determined.
  • the signal quality index of the base station for the node is determined.
  • step S112 it is determined whether the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • step S113 may be executed to add the base station to the set of candidate base stations of the node.
  • step S114 may be executed to delete the base station from the set of candidate base stations when the base station exists in the set of candidate base stations of the node. Thereby, real-time update of the set of candidate base stations of the node can be achieved.
  • Steps S210 to S295 are mainly used to process uplink messages, and select a suitable downlink base station when a downlink message needs to be sent.
  • the specific implementation process of step S210 to step S295 is exemplarily described below.
  • step S210 is executed to determine whether the uplink message is received for the first time.
  • a lock such as a distributed lock.
  • the lock service can be set for the uplink message, and the lock can be acquired only when the uplink message is received for the first time, and the lock cannot be acquired when the repeated uplink message sent by the node through other base stations is subsequently received.
  • the node in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station, it can request to obtain the lock corresponding to the uplink message, and in the case where the lock is successfully obtained, it is determined that the uplink message is received for the first time, and in the case where the lock acquisition fails To determine that the upstream message was not received for the first time.
  • step S220 may be executed to process the uplink message.
  • the process of processing the uplink message may be the logic of the existing NS to process the uplink message. This is mainly to analyze the upstream message to determine whether it is necessary to send the downstream message to the node.
  • it can also analyze whether there are other special requirements in the uplink message uploaded by the node, for example, whether there are instructions in the uplink message that have special requirements for the downlink base station, such as the analysis of the uplink Whether the deviceTimeReq command is included in the message. This command requires the base station to have gps time.
  • step S230 it is determined whether a downlink message needs to be sent.
  • the judgment may be made based on the processing result of step S220.
  • step S240 it is determined whether the base station belongs to the node candidate base station set.
  • the set of candidate base stations may be determined by executing scheme 1 in parallel.
  • the base station is determined as a downlink base station (step S250), and a downlink message is sent to the base station (step S260).
  • the base station In the case where the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, it can be determined whether the base station corresponding to the same uplink message received subsequently (the repeated uplink message belonging to the same uplink message as the first received uplink message) belongs to The set of candidate base stations of the node. When it is determined that the base station corresponding to the subsequently received uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, the base station is determined as the downlink base station.
  • the signal quality (signal reception strength can be selected from at least a part of the base stations corresponding to all the currently received same uplink messages And/or signal-to-noise ratio) as the downlink base station.
  • the base station with the best signal reception strength and/or signal-to-noise ratio may be selected as the downlink base station from all the base stations through which the node sends the uplink message.
  • step S270 may be executed to add the base station information of the base station that sent the uplink message to the base station queue, for example, the base station information may be added to the node's current transmission In the base station queue corresponding to the uplink message.
  • the base station information may include gwEUI, tmst, rssi, snr and other information.
  • the base station queue may include base station information of all base stations through which the same uplink message is currently received.
  • step S280 may be executed to determine whether the base stations in the base station queue belong to the set of candidate base stations.
  • the base station may be determined as a downlink base station (step S250), and a downlink message is sent to the base station (step S260). If there is no base station belonging to the set of candidate base stations in the base station queue, in step S290, the base station with the best signal quality (signal reception strength and/or signal-to-noise ratio) from the base station queue is selected as the downlink base station. In step S295, a downlink message is sent to the selected base station.
  • step S280 is repeatedly performed.
  • the delay queue can be used to achieve asynchronous delay without blocking the current thread and improve the system throughput.
  • the sleep time can be shortened and multiple attempts are made for step S280.
  • the downlink base station when selecting the downlink base station, it may further consider whether the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message. For example, in the case where it is determined that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, it may be further determined whether the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message, and if it is determined that the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message, then The base station is determined to be a downlink base station. For another example, when the base station with the best quality is selected from the base stations through which the node sends the uplink message, the base station that meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message may also be selected.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for selecting a downlink base station according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Among them, the method shown in FIG. 3 may be performed by a network server (NS).
  • NS network server
  • steps S111 to S114 may be executed, or the flow shown in steps S310 to S329 may be executed.
  • the processes shown in steps S111 to S114 and the processes shown in steps S310 to S329 may be executed in parallel.
  • steps S111 to S114 reference may be made to the description above with reference to FIG. 2, and details are not described here.
  • steps S310 to S329 mainly select the downlink base station first, and then process the uplink message corresponding to the selected downlink base station.
  • the following mainly describes the specific implementation process of step S310 to step S329 in this embodiment.
  • step S310 is executed to determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node.
  • the signal index of the candidate base station in the candidate base station set for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold, and the candidate base station set may be determined by executing scheme 1 in parallel.
  • step S311 is executed to determine whether the uplink message is processed.
  • the processing of the uplink message mentioned in the present invention refers to the process of selecting multiple uplink messages from multiple repeated uplink messages sent by a node through one or more base stations. These multiple uplink messages can be regarded as Messages with the same content. If the uplink message has been processed, the processing logic according to this embodiment indicates that the downlink base station has been selected. If the uplink message is not processed, indicating that the downlink base station has not been determined, step S312 may be executed to process the uplink message. This is mainly to analyze the upstream message to determine whether it is necessary to send the downstream message to the node.
  • the operation of judging whether the upstream message is processed can be judged by whether a lock (such as a distributed lock) can be acquired.
  • a lock such as a distributed lock
  • a lock service can be set for the same upstream message sent by a node, and when processing the upstream message, a lock corresponding to the upstream message can be requested, and if the lock is successfully obtained, the upstream message can be processed. If the lock cannot be acquired, or the lock exists, it indicates that the upstream packet has been processed.
  • step S313 it is determined whether it is necessary to send a downlink message.
  • the judgment may be made based on the processing result of step S312.
  • the base station is determined as a downlink base station.
  • step S315 a downlink message is sent to the base station.
  • step S321 may be executed to determine whether the uplink message is processed. If the uplink message has been processed, the processing logic according to this embodiment indicates that the downlink base station has been selected.
  • step S322 may be performed to add the uplink message received this time or its corresponding base station to the candidate set.
  • step S323 delay processing.
  • the delay processing in response to receiving the repeated uplink message sent by the node through one or more other base stations, it may continue to be processed according to the processing logic of scheme 2. Therefore, after the delay processing, the candidate set includes multiple repeated uplink packets or multiple base stations through which the node sends the same uplink packet.
  • an asynchronous delay can be implemented by a delay queue, without blocking the current thread, and improving the system throughput rate. And the time interval of delay processing can be set according to the actual situation, and should not be too large.
  • step S324 may be executed to determine whether the upstream message is processed. If the uplink message is processed, it indicates that the downlink base station has been determined.
  • step S325 can be performed to select the signal quality (signal reception strength and/or signal-to-noise ratio) from the candidate set ) The best base station, and then execute step S326 to process the uplink message corresponding to the selected base station.
  • the process of processing the uplink message may be the logic of the existing NS to process the uplink message. This is mainly to analyze the upstream message to determine whether it is necessary to send the downstream message to the node.
  • step S327 it is determined whether it is necessary to send a downlink message.
  • the judgment can be made based on the processing result of step S326.
  • the base station is determined as a downlink base station.
  • step S329 a downlink message is sent to the base station.
  • the downlink base station selection scheme of the present invention achieves a good balance between delay and performance.
  • the performance of the downlink base station in mode A is ensured within the expected range.
  • the performance of the base station where the signal arrives first is relatively good, so the present invention can achieve no additional delay caused by waiting in most scenarios, even in a few scenarios that need to delay waiting for the arrival of other base station signals. There is relatively little delay without having to wait for all base station signals to arrive.
  • the invention can select the downlink base station after the uplink signal processing is completed. If there is a special instruction in the node's uplink message that has special requirements for the routing base station, it can be easily processed.
  • the downlink base station selection scheme of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects.
  • the uplink message received by the NS contains the internal time (tmst) of the base station receiving the uplink message.
  • tmst internal time of the base station receiving the uplink message.
  • Different base stations have different tmst. Therefore, if you want to select a downlink base station in advance, you need to perform time synchronization. Keeping the clock consistent will be very complicated and the latency will be higher. Therefore, the downlink base station in ClassA mode must be selected from the uplink already reached base stations in real time.
  • the present invention can provide a basis for real-time selection of downlink base stations through a set of candidate base stations. No time synchronization is required, and a base station with better performance can be selected as the downlink base station of the terminal under a low delay to improve the success rate of downlink data packets.
  • the concept of candidate base station set is proposed.
  • the candidate base station provides data support for the decision of the downlink routing base station.
  • the analysis and processing of the candidate base station is an independent process and will not affect the core process of the node's uplink and downlink.
  • the present invention can implement an alternative A-to-B mode, that is, the source base station of the processed uplink message is the base station A, but the downlink base station (the base station that sends the downlink message) is the base station B.
  • the downlink message arrives from the B base station, so that the internal time tmst of the B base station can be obtained, which avoids complicated time synchronization work.
  • the A-up and B-down modes implemented by the present invention can also make the scalability very good. If there are new restrictions on the routing base station in ClassA mode, it can be easily expanded later.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 are schematic block diagrams showing the structure of a downlink base station selection apparatus according to different embodiments of the present invention.
  • the functional module of the downlink base station selection device may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software that implements the principles of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 can be combined or divided into sub-modules, thereby implementing the principles of the above invention. Therefore, the description herein can support any possible combination, division, or further definition of the functional modules described herein.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 400 includes a first judgment module 410, a processing module 420, a second judgment module 430, and a determination module 440.
  • the first determining module 410 is configured to determine whether the uplink message is received for the first time in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station.
  • the processing module 420 is configured to process the uplink message to determine whether the downlink message needs to be sent to the node when it is determined that the uplink message is received for the first time.
  • the second judgment module 430 is used to judge whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node when a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, where the signal index of the candidate base station in the set of candidate base stations for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the determining module 440 is configured to determine the base station as a downlink base station when it is determined that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, so that the base station sends a downlink message to the node.
  • the second determination module 430 when determining that the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, can determine whether the base station corresponding to the subsequent received uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node. When it is determined that the base station corresponding to the subsequently received uplink message belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, the determination module 440 may determine the base station as a downlink base station.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 400 may further include a selection module.
  • the selection module may select the base station with the best signal quality from at least a part of the base stations corresponding to the received uplink packets as Downlink base station.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 400 may further include an addition module for adding the base station information of the base station that sent the uplink message when the first judgment module 410 determines that the uplink message is not received for the first time To the base station queue.
  • the second determination module 430 determines that the base station does not belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node, it can further determine whether the base stations in the base station queue belong to the set of candidate base stations of the node. Next, the base station may be determined as a downlink base station.
  • the second judgment module 430 may further determine whether the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message. When it is determined that the base station meets the requirements of the downlink base station indicated by the uplink message, the determination module 440 determines the base station as the downlink base station.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 500 includes a first judgment module 510, a second judgment module 520, a processing module 530, and a determination module 540.
  • the first determining module 510 is used to determine whether the base station belongs to the node's candidate base station set in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station, where the signal index of the candidate base station in the candidate base station set for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the second judgment module 520 is used to judge whether the uplink message is processed when it is judged that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node.
  • the processing module 530 is configured to process the uplink message to determine whether the downlink message needs to be sent to the node when it is determined that the uplink message is not processed.
  • the determining module 540 is used to determine the base station as a downlink base station in the case where a downlink message needs to be sent to the node, so that the base station sends the downlink message to the node.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 500 may further include a third judgment module, an addition module, and an selection module.
  • the third judgment module may judge whether the uplink message is processed.
  • the adding module adds the received uplink message or its corresponding base station to the candidate set; after a predetermined time interval, the third judging module judges the uplink again Whether the packet is processed; the addition module can select the base station with the best signal quality from the candidate set when it is determined that the uplink packet has not been processed.
  • the processing module 530 may process the uplink message corresponding to the selected base station to determine whether it is necessary to send the downlink message to the node. In a case where a downlink message needs to be sent to a node, the determination module 540 may determine the selected base station as a downlink base station.
  • the downlink base station selection device 600 includes a signal quality indicator determination module 610 and a candidate base station set addition module 620.
  • the signal quality indicator determination module 610 is configured to determine the signal quality indicator of the base station for the node according to the signal quality data of one or more uplink messages sent by the node through the base station in response to receiving the uplink message sent by the node through the base station.
  • the signal quality data may include the signal strength and/or signal-to-noise ratio when the uplink message is received by the base station.
  • the signal quality indicator determination module 610 may use a moving average algorithm or a weighted average algorithm to process the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by the node through the base station to obtain the signal quality indicator of the base station for the node.
  • a moving average algorithm or a weighted average algorithm to process the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by the node through the base station to obtain the signal quality indicator of the base station for the node.
  • the candidate base station set addition module 620 is used to add a base station to the node's candidate base station set when the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold.
  • the downlink base station selection device 600 may further include a deletion module.
  • the deletion module may be used to delete the base station from the set of candidate base stations when the signal quality indicator is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • the downlink base station selection apparatus 700 may include a first processing module 710 and a second processing module 720.
  • the first processing module 710 and the second processing module 720 may be executed in parallel.
  • the first processing module 710 may include a functional module included in the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 6 and perform functions that the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 6 can perform. Briefly, the first processing module 710 can determine the signal quality index of the base station for the node based on the signal quality data of one or more upstream packets sent by the node through the base station. When the signal quality index is greater than a predetermined threshold, the The base station is added to the node's set of candidate base stations. For operations that can also be performed by the first processing module 710, reference may be made to the description of FIG. 6, and details are not described here.
  • the second processing module 720 may include a functional module included in the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 4 and perform functions that the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 4 can perform. In addition, the second processing module 720 may also include a functional module included in the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 5 and perform functions that the downlink base station selection apparatus in FIG. 5 can perform.
  • the second processing module 720 may be used to determine whether the uplink message is received for the first time, and when the uplink message is determined to be received for the first time, process the uplink message to determine whether the downlink message needs to be sent to the node.
  • determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node determine whether the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, and when it is determined that the base station belongs to the set of candidate base stations of the node, use the base station as a downlink base station, so that the base station sends the downlink message To the node.
  • the operations that the second processing module 720 can also perform refer to the description in FIG. 4, and details are not described here.
  • the second processing module 720 may also be used to determine whether the base station belongs to the node candidate base station set, where the signal index of the base station in the candidate base station set for the node is greater than a predetermined threshold, when it is determined that the base station belongs to the node candidate base station set Next, determine whether the upstream message has been processed. When it is determined that the upstream message has not been processed, process the upstream message to determine whether it is necessary to send a downstream message to the node. Next, the base station is determined to be a downlink base station, so that the base station sends a downlink message to the node.
  • the second processing module 720 For the operations that the second processing module 720 can also perform, refer to the description in FIG. 5, and details are not described here.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic structural diagram of a computing device that can be used to implement the foregoing downlink base station selection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the computing device 800 includes a memory 810 and a processor 820.
  • the processor 820 may be a multi-core processor, or may include multiple processors.
  • the processor 820 may include a general-purpose main processor and one or more special coprocessors, such as a graphics processor (GPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), and so on.
  • the processor 820 may be implemented using customized circuits, such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC, Application Integrated Circuit) or a field programmable logic gate array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Arrays).
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the memory 810 may include various types of storage units, such as system memory, read-only memory (ROM), and permanent storage devices.
  • the ROM may store static data or instructions required by the processor 820 or other modules of the computer.
  • the permanent storage device may be a readable and writable storage device.
  • the permanent storage device may be a non-volatile storage device that does not lose stored instructions and data even after the computer is powered off.
  • the permanent storage device uses a mass storage device (eg, magnetic or optical disk, flash memory) as the permanent storage device.
  • the permanent storage device may be a removable storage device (for example, a floppy disk or an optical drive).
  • the system memory may be a readable and writable storage device or a volatile readable and writable storage device, such as dynamic random access memory.
  • the system memory can store some or all instructions and data required by the processor during operation.
  • the memory 810 may include any combination of computer-readable storage media, including various types of semiconductor memory chips (DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, flash memory, programmable read-only memory), magnetic disks, and/or optical disks may also be used.
  • the memory 810 may include readable and/or writeable removable storage devices, such as compact discs (CDs), read-only digital versatile discs (eg, DVD-ROM, dual-layer DVD-ROM), Read-only Blu-ray discs, ultra-density discs, flash memory cards (such as SD cards, min SD cards, Micro-SD cards, etc.), magnetic floppy disks, etc.
  • CDs compact discs
  • DVD-ROM read-only digital versatile discs
  • dual-layer DVD-ROM Read-only Blu-ray discs
  • ultra-density discs such as SD cards, min SD cards, Micro-SD cards, etc.
  • flash memory cards such as SD cards, min SD cards, Micro-SD cards, etc.
  • magnetic floppy disks etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium does not contain carrier waves and instantaneous electronic signals transmitted through wireless or wired.
  • Executable code is stored on the memory 810.
  • the processor 820 may be caused to perform the downlink base station selection method mentioned above.
  • the method according to the present disclosure may also be implemented as a computer program or computer program product including computer program code instructions for performing the above steps defined in the above-described method of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure may also be implemented as a non-transitory machine-readable storage medium (or computer-readable storage medium, or machine-readable storage medium) on which executable code (or computer program, or computer instruction code) is stored ), when the executable code (or computer program, or computer instruction code) is executed by the processor of the electronic device (or computing device, server, etc.), the processor is caused to perform each step of the above method according to the present invention .
  • each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program segment, or part of code that contains one or more of the Executable instructions.
  • the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two consecutive blocks can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and sometimes they can also be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved.
  • each block in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowcharts can be implemented with dedicated hardware-based systems that perform specified functions or operations Or, it can be realized by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

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Abstract

本发明提出了一种下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质。响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断上行报文是否首次接收到；在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。由此，基于候选基站集合，可以为下行基站的选取提供依据，从而可以在低延迟情况下也可以选择性能较好的基站作为节点的下行基站，提高下行数据包的成功率。

Description

下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质
本申请要求2018年12月20日递交的申请号为201811564852.8、发明名称为“下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及数据通信领域，特别是涉及一种下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
LoRaWAN具有三种工作模式：ClassA、ClassB以及ClassC。这三种工作模式的下行机制不同，不同模式对下行基站选择方案的要求也不相同。工作在ClassB模式的节点的下行接收窗口是定期开启的，工作在ClassC模式的节点的下行接收窗口是一直开启的，因此在ClassB、ClassC下，对下行基站选择方案的要求是选择性能最佳的基站，对延迟则没有要求。
工作在ClassA模式的节点，只有在发送完上行数据包之后，在延迟rxdelay后才会短暂的开启rx1接收窗口，如果在rx1窗口开启期间内未收到下行数据，会在1s后开启rx2接收窗口。NS如果有下行指令，必须要在这短暂的延迟时间内选择好下行基站，如果NS的处理延迟比较大，错过了这两个窗口的开启时间，那么就会导致下行失败。
因此，对于工作在ClassA模式的节点，在为其选择下行基站时，需要在考虑下行基站的性能的同时，尽可能降低延迟。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的在于提供一种适用于ClassA模式的下行基站选择方案，在为工作在ClassA模式的节点选择下行基站时，能够同时兼顾基站性能和延迟。
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供了一种下行基站选择方法，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断上行报文是否首次接收到；在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；在判定基站属于节点的候选基站 集合的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定上行报文不是首次接收到的情况下，将发送上行报文的基站的基站信息加入到基站队列中。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断基站队列中的基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合；在判定基站队列中的基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合；在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站均不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，从接收到的上行报文所对应的至少部分基站中选择信号质量最好的基站作为下行基站。
可选地，该方法还包括：针对上行报文设置锁服务，判断上行报文是否首次接收到的步骤包括：请求获取上行报文对应的锁，在成功获取锁的情况下，判定上行报文是首次接收到的，在获取锁失败的情况下，判定上行报文不是首次接收到的。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，进一步判断基站是否满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求；在判定基站满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站。
根据本发明的第二个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择方法，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合；判断是否首次接收到上行报文，在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站作为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第三个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择方法，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理；在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上 行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
可选地，该方法还包括：在判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理；在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，将本次接收到的上行报文或其对应的基站添加到候选集；在预定时间间隔后，判断上行报文是否被处理；在判定上行报文仍未被处理的情况下，从候选集中选取信号质量最佳的基站；对选取的基站所对应的上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将选取的基站确定为下行基站。
可选地，该方法还包括：针对上行报文设置锁服务，对上行报文进行处理的步骤包括：获取上行报文对应的锁，在成功获取锁的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，判断上行报文是否被处理的步骤包括：请求获取上行报文对应的锁，在获取锁失败的情况下，判定上行报文被处理。
根据本发明的第四个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择方法，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合；判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理，在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第五个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择方法，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标；在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合。
可选地，信号质量数据包括上行报文被基站接收时的信号强度和/或信噪比。
可选地，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标的步骤包括：利用滑动平均算法或加权平均算法对节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据进行处理，以得到基站针对节点的信号质量指标。
可选地，该方法还包括：在信号质量指标小于预定阈值的情况下，将基站从候选基站集合中删除。
根据本发明的第六个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择装置，包括：第一判断模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断上行报文是否首次接收到；处理模块，用于在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；第二判断模块，用于在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；确定模块，用于在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第七个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择装置，包括：第一处理模块和第二处理模块，其中，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，第一处理模块和第二处理模块并行执行，其中，第一处理模块根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合；第二处理模块判断是否首次接收到上行报文，在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站作为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第八个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择装置，包括：第一判断模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；第二判断模块，用于在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理；处理模块，用于在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文；确定模块，用于在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第九个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择装置，包括：第一处理模块和第二处理模块，其中，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，第一处理模块和第二处理模块并行执行，其中，第一处理模块根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合；第二处理模块判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值， 在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理，在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
根据本发明的第十个方面，还提供了一种下行基站选择装置，包括：信号质量指标确定模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标；候选基站集合添加模块，用于在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合。
根据本发明的第十一个方面，还提供了一种计算设备，包括：处理器；以及存储器，其上存储有可执行代码，当可执行代码被处理器执行时，使处理器执行如本发明第一个方面至第五个方面中任一个方面述及的方法。
根据本发明的第十二个方面，还提供了一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质，其上存储有可执行代码，当可执行代码被电子设备的处理器执行时，使处理器执行如本发明第一个方面至第五个方面中任一个方面述及的方法。
本发明通过确定节点的候选基站集合，可以为下行基站的选取提供依据，从而可以在低延迟情况下也可以选择性能较好的基站作为节点的下行基站，提高下行数据包的成功率。
附图说明
通过结合附图对本公开示例性实施方式进行更详细的描述，本公开的上述以及其它目的、特征和优势将变得更加明显，其中，在本公开示例性实施方式中，相同的参考标号通常代表相同部件。
图1示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的获取节点的候选基站集合的方法的示意性流程图。
图2示出了根据本发明一实施例的下行基站选择方法的示意性流程图。
图3示出了根据本发明另一实施例的下行基站选择方法的示意性流程图。
图4示出了根据本发明一实施例的下行基站选择装置的结构的示意性方框图。
图5示出了根据本发明另一实施例的下行基站选择装置的结构的示意性方框图。
图6示出了根据本发明另一实施例的下行基站选择装置的结构的示意性方框图。
图7示出了根据本发明另一实施例的下行基站选择装置的结构的示意性方框图。
图8示出了根据本发明一实施例可用于实现上述下行基站选择方法的计算设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的优选实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的优选实施方式，然而应该理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了使本公开更加透彻和完整，并且能够将本公开的范围完整地传达给本领域的技术人员。
【术语解释】
LoRa：一种基于扩频技术的低功耗远距离无线传输方案。
LoRaWAN：LoRa联盟推出的一个基于开源的MAC层协议的低功耗广域网(Low Power Wide Area Network,LPWAN)标准。这一技术可以为电池供电的无线设备提供一个低功耗、可扩展的长距离无线网络。
NS：Network Server，网络服务器，是物联网解决方案中的核心部分-核心网。
基站：也即网关，将节点的无线网络信号通过回传网络，透传到NS的设备。
Rxpk：上行报文，即基站上传给NS的数据报文。
Txpk：下行报文，即NS下行给基站的数据报文。
tmst：基站内部计数器。
Rssi:节点数据包被基站接收时的信号强度。
Snr：节点数据包被基站接收时的信噪比。
EUI：设备唯一标识码，是一个类似IEEE EUI64的全球唯一ID，相当于是设备的MAC地址。
gwEui：基站的唯一标识码。
【方案概述】
本发明提出了一种适用于ClassA模式的下行基站选择方案，在为工作在ClassA模式的节点(也即终端)选择下行基站时，能够同时兼顾基站的性能和延迟，使得选取的下行基站的性能较好，且整个过程的延迟较低。
本发明的基站选择方案主要包括两部分。第一部分是针对节点的候选基站集合的确定(或者说更新)，候选基站集合用于为下行基站的选取提供依据。第二部分是针对上 行报文的处理以及下行基站的选取。其中，第一部分和第二部分可以并发执行，互不影响，实践中可以分别交由两个系统进程处理。下面分别就这两部分的实现原理进行说明。
第一部分主要是响应于接收到节点通过某一基站发送的上行报文，根据该节点通过该基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据(例如Rssi和/或Snr)，计算该基站针对该节点的信号指标，如可以通过滑动平均算法或加权平均算法的方式，得到信号指标。然后可以将信号指标与预定阈值进行比较，如果信号指标大于预定阈值，可以认为该基站的信号接收状况良好，适于作为下行基站，可以将其加入到节点的候选基站集合。如果信号指标小于预定阈值，可以认为该基站的信号接收状况不稳定，不适于作为下行基站，在候选基站集合中存在该基站的情况下，可以将该基站从候选基站集合中删除。由此，响应于接收到节点通过一个或多个基站上传的上行报文，可以对节点的候选基站集合进行更新，更新后的候选基站集合中的候选基站均可以视为是适于向该节点发送下行报文的下行基站。由此，所得到的候选基站集合可以为下行基站的选取提供依据。
第二部分主要是针对上行报文的处理以及下行基站的选取。在本发明中，对于接收到的节点通过多个基站上传的多个重复上行报文，可以针对首次接收到的上行报文进行处理，然后再在需要发送下行报文的情况下，选择下行基站。另外，也可以先选择下行基站，然后再对选择的下行基站所对应的上行报文进行处理。也就是说，处理上行报文所对应的基站可以与下行基站保持一致，也可以不一致。
例如，在首次接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文后，可以首先判断该基站是否属于该节点的候选基站集合，在判定属于的情况下，针对该上行报文进行处理，并将该基站作为下行基站。在判定不属于的情况下，可以不对该上行报文进行处理，而继续判断后续接收到相同上行报文(也即重复上行报文)所经过的基站是否属于该节点的候选基站集合，在判定存在属于候选基站集合的基站的情况下，再针对该基站上传的上行报文进行处理，并将该基站作为下行基站。
再例如，在首次接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文后，可以直接对该上行报文进行处理，然后再判断该基站是否属于该节点的候选基站集合，在判定属于的情况下，可以直接将该基站作为该节点的下行基站，在判定不属于的情况下，再继续判断该节点发送该上行报文后续所经过的基站是否属于候选基站集合，如果存在属于候选基站集合的基站，则将其作为下行基站，否则再从节点发送同一上行报文所经过的基站中选取信号质量较好的基站作为下行基站。
综上，通过确定节点的候选基站集合，可以为下行基站的选取提供依据，从而可以 在低延迟情况下也可以选择性能较好的基站作为节点(也即终端)的下行基站，提高下行数据包(也即下行报文)的成功率。
下面就本发明涉及的各方面做进一步说明。
【候选基站集合】
图1示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的获取节点的候选基站集合的方法的示意性流程图。其中，图1所示的方法可以由网络服务器(NS)执行。
参见图1，在步骤S110，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据该节点通过该基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定该基站针对该节点的信号质量指标。
根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，可以通过多种方式来计算该基站针对该节点的信号质量指标。例如，可以通过计算这一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据的平均值，来得到该基站针对该节点的信号质量指标。再例如，也可以通过加权平均算法或滑动平均算法对节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据进行处理，以得到该基站针对该节点的信号质量指标。另外，也可以通过其他多种统计方式，来计算基站针对节点的信号质量指标，此处不再赘述。
下面仅就通过加权平均算法或滑动平均算法来得到信号质量指标的过程进行示例性说明。
示例1：加权平均算法。
可以为节点通过该基站发送过的多个上行报文的信号质量数据分别赋予不同的权重。作为示例，权重的大小与接收到基站发送相应的上行报文的时间成正比，即接收到该基站的上行报文的时间越接近当前时间，权重越大，否则越小。然后可以通过加权求和取平均值的方式得到该基站针对该节点的信号质量指标。
示例2，滑动平均算法。
计算公式如下：S(t)＝a*y(t)+(1-a)*S(t-1)。其中S(t)表示基站当前的信号质量指标。y(t)表示接收到基站当前发送的上行报文的信号质量数据。S(t-1)表示基站的历史信号质量指标，也即之前确定的基站的信号质量指标，如可以是上一次确定的基站的信号质量指标。a为滑动因子，其与最近接收到节点通过该基站发送的两次上行报文的时间间隔成正比。
可选地，a的取值范围可以是在【0,1】之间。当最近接收到节点通过该基站发送的两次上行报文的时间间隔较小时，a比较靠近0，当最近接收到节点通过该基站发送的两次上行报文的时间间隔较大时，a比较靠近1。例如，a可以通过如下公式确定：
Figure PCTCN2019124229-appb-000001
其中，alpha是伸缩因子，t是当前接收到节点通过该基站发送的上行报文的时间，t_last是上一次接收到该基站rxpk的时间，该公式的含义是，当最近接收到节点通过该基站发送的两次上行报文的时间间隔较小时，a比较靠近0，当最近接收到节点通过该基站发送的两次上行报文的时间间隔较大时，a比较靠近1。
由此，对于上报周期较短的节点，可以认为在这段时间内基站与节点间的信道质量不会有剧烈变化，信号质量指标受历史值(历史信号质量指标)影响较大，信号质量指标的曲线变化相对平缓。对于上报周期较长的节点，可以认为基站与节点间的信道质量在这段时间内可能有较大变化，因此信号质量指标受当前值(基站当前发送的上行报文的信号质量数据)影响较大。
在本发明中，信号质量数据可以包括上行报文被基站接收时的信号强度(Rssi)和/或信噪比(Snr)。因此，信号质量指标也可以包括信号强度指标和/或信噪比指标，可以分别记为Rssi′和Snr′。信号强度指标可以是根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号强度确定的，信噪比指标可以是根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信噪比确定的。关于信号强度指标和/或信噪比指标的计算过程，可以参见上文相关描述，此处不再赘述。
在步骤S120，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合。
信号质量指标可以表征当前情况下基站针对节点的信号优劣情况。在信号质量指标较大的情况下，可以认为该基站与该节点间的链路质量较好，适于作为该节点的下行基站。在信号质量指标小于预定阈值的情况下，可以认为该基站与该节点间的链路质量不好，不适于作为该节点的下行基站。
作为示例，可以在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将该基站作为该节点的候选基站，添加到该节点的候选基站集合。在信号质量指标小于预定阈值的情况下，将该基站从该节点的候选基站集合中删除(候选基站集合中存在该基站的情况下)。其中，预定阈值可以根据实际情况设定，此处不再赘述。
在信号质量指标包括信号强度指标和信噪比指标的情况下，可以分别为信号强度指标和信噪比指标设置第一预定阈值和第二预定阈值。可以在信号强度指标大于第一预定阈值且信噪比指标大于第二预定阈值的情况下，将该基站作为该节点的候选基站，添加 到该节点的候选基站集合。否则，将该基站从该节点的候选基站集合中删除。
作为示例，可以将候选基站集合中的候选基站设定一个过期时间，超过一定时间自动将该基站从候选集合中剔除，每当节点有新的上行报文时，更新候选基站集合，通常情况下本次更新只对下一次该节点的ClassA模式的下行基站的选取生效。
【下行基站的选择】
图2示出了根据本发明示例性实施例的下行基站选择方法的示意性流程图。其中，图2所示的方法可以由网络服务器(NS)执行。
如图2所示，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，可以执行步骤S111至步骤S114所示的流程，也可以执行步骤S210至步骤S295所示的流程。可选地，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，可以并行执行步骤S111至步骤S114所示的流程，以及步骤S210至步骤S295所示的流程。
步骤S111至步骤S114主要是分析基站是否属于节点的候选基站，以对节点的候选基站集合进行更新。步骤S111至步骤S114涉及的细节部分可以参见上文结合图1的描述，此处仅就图2中示出的流程进行示例性说明。
参见图2，首先在步骤S111，响应于接收到基站发送的上行报文，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标。其中，确定信号质量指标的具体实现流程可以参见上文结合图1中步骤S110的描述，此处不再赘述。
在步骤S112，判断信号质量指标是否大于预定阈值。
在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，可以执行步骤S113，将该基站添加到该节点的候选基站集合。
在信号质量指标小于预定阈值的情况下，可以执行步骤S114，在该节点的候选基站集合中存在该基站的情况下，将该基站从候选基站集合删除。由此，可以实现对节点的候选基站集合的实时更新。
步骤S210至步骤S295主要用于处理上行报文，并在需要发送下行报文的情况下选择合适的下行基站。下面就步骤S210至步骤S295的具体实现过程进行示例性说明。
参见图2，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，执行步骤S210，判断上行报文是否首次接收到。这里可以通过获取锁(如分布式锁)的方式来判断上行报文是否首次接收到。具体地，可以针对上行报文设置锁服务，仅当首次接收到上行报文时，可以获取锁，当后续接收到节点通过其他基站发送的重复上行报文时，无法获取锁。如此，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，可以请求获取上行报文对应的锁，在成功 获取锁的情况下，判定上行报文是首次接收到的，在获取锁失败的情况下，判定上行报文不是首次接收到的。
在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，可以执行步骤S220，处理该上行报文。处理上行报文的过程可以是现有的NS处理上行报文的逻辑。这里主要是分析上行报文，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。可选地，在执行步骤S220的过程中，还可以分析节点上传的上行报文中是否存在其他特殊要求，例如可以分析上行报文中是否存在针对下行基站有特殊要求的指令，如可以分析上行报文中是否含有deviceTimeReq命令，该命令要求基站需要有gps时间。
在步骤S230，判断是否需要发送下行报文。这里可以基于步骤S220的处理结果进行判断。
在不需要发送下行报文的情况下，无需为节点选择下行基站。在需要发送下行报文(例如有下行指令，或者上行报文需要ack)的情况下，在步骤S240，判断该基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合。其中，候选基站集合可以是通过并行执行方案1确定的。在该基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站(步骤S250)，并向该基站发送下行报文(步骤S260)。
在该基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以判断后续接收到的相同上行报文(与首次接收到的上行报文属于相同上行报文的重复上行报文)所对应的基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合。在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站。
在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站均不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以从当前接收到的所有相同上行报文所对应的至少部分基站中选择信号质量(信号接收强度和/或信噪比)最好的基站作为下行基站。例如，可以从节点发送上行报文所经过的所有基站中选择信号接收强度和/或信噪比最好的基站作为下行基站。
作为示例，在判定上行报文不是首次接收到的情况下，可以执行步骤S270，将发送该上行报文的基站的基站信息加入到基站队列中，例如可以将基站信息加入到节点本次发送的上行报文所对应的基站队列中。其中，基站信息可以包括gwEUI、tmst、rssi、snr等信息。如此，基站队列中可以包括当前接收到相同上行报文所经过的所有基站的基站信息。然后可以执行步骤S280，判断基站队列中的基站是否属于候选基站集合。这里，可以按照基站队列中基站的添加顺序，逐个判断。如果基站队列中存在属于候选基站集合的基站，则可以将该基站确定为下行基站(步骤S250)，并向该基站发送下行报文(步 骤S260)。如果基站队列中不存在属于候选基站集合的基站，则在步骤S290，从基站队列中选取信号质量(信号接收强度和/或信噪比)最佳的基站，作为下行基站。在步骤S295，向选取的基站发送下行报文。
可选地，在基站队列中的基站均不属于候选基站集合的情况下，可以延迟一段时间，重复执行步骤S280。实践中可以使用延迟队列实现异步延迟，不阻塞当前线程，提高系统吞吐率，同时为了保证候选集站集合中的基站到达后及时被发现，可以缩短睡眠时间，针对步骤S280进行多次的尝试。
可选地，如果上行报文中存在针对下行基站有特殊要求的指令，在选取下行基站时，还可以进一步考虑基站是否满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求。例如，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以进一步判断基站是否满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求，在判定基站满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求的情况下，再将该基站确定为下行基站。再例如，在从节点发送上行报文所经过的基站中选取质量最好的基站时，也可以从满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求的基站中进行选取。
图3示出了根据本发明另一示例性实施例的下行基站选择方法的示意性流程图。其中，图3所示的方法可以由网络服务器(NS)执行。
如图3所示，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，可以执行步骤S111至步骤S114所示的流程，也可以执行步骤S310至步骤S329所示的流程。可选地，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，可以并行执行步骤S111至步骤S114所示的流程，以及步骤S310至步骤S329所示的流程。关于步骤S111至步骤S114可以参见上文结合图2的描述，此处不再赘述。
在本实施例中，步骤S310至步骤S329主要是先选择下行基站，然后再对选择的下行基站所对应的上行报文进行处理。下面主要就本实施例中步骤S310至步骤S329的具体实现过程进行示例性说明。
参见图3，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，执行步骤S310，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合。其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值，候选基站集合可以是通过并行执行方案1确定的。
在判定基站属于候选基站集合的情况下，执行步骤S311，判断上行报文是否被处理。本发明述及的针对上行报文的处理，是指对于节点通过一个或多个基站发送的多个重复上行报文，从中选择一个上行报文进行处理，这多个重复上行报文可以视为是内容相同的报文。如果上行报文已经被处理，则根据本实施例的处理逻辑，表明下行基站已经选 择完毕。如果上行报文未被处理，表明下行基站还未确定，则可以执行步骤S312，对上行报文进行处理。这里主要是分析上行报文，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。
在本实施例中，判断上行报文是否被处理的操作，可以通过是否能够获取锁(如分布式锁)的方式判断。例如，可以针对节点发送的同一上行报文设置锁服务，在对上行报文进行处理时，可以请求获取上行报文对应的锁，在成功获取锁的情况下，可以对上行报文进行处理。如果不能获取锁，或者锁存在，则表明上行报文已经被处理。
在步骤S313，判断是否需要发送下行报文。这里可以基于步骤S312的处理结果进行判断。在不需要发送下行报文的情况下，无需为节点选择下行基站。在需要发送下行报文的情况下，在步骤S314，将该基站确定为下行基站。在步骤S315，向该基站发送下行报文。
在步骤S310的结果为基站不属于该节点候选基站集合的情况下，可以执行步骤S321，判断上行报文是否被处理。如果上行报文已经被处理，则根据本实施例的处理逻辑，表明下行基站已经选择完毕。
如果上行报文未被处理，表明下行基站还没有确定，则可以执行步骤S322，将本次接收到的上行报文或其对应的基站添加到候选集。
在步骤S323，延时处理。在延时处理的过程中，响应于接收到节点通过其他一个或多个基站发送的重复的上行报文，可以继续按照方案2的处理逻辑进行处理。由此，延时处理后，候选集中包括了多个重复上行报文或者节点发送同一上行报文所经过的多个基站。其中，步骤S323可以由一个延时队列实现异步延迟，不阻塞当前线程，提高系统吞吐率。并且延时处理的时间间隔可以根据实际情况设定，不宜过大。
在延时处理完成(或者预定时间间隔后)，可以执行步骤S324，判断上行报文是否被处理。如果上行报文被处理，表明下行基站已经确定。
如果上行报文未被处理，表明当前接收到节点发送上行报文所经过的基站都不属于候选基站集合，因此可以执行步骤S325，从候选集中选择信号质量(信号接收强度和/或信噪比)最好的基站，然后执行步骤S326，对选择的基站所对应的上行报文进行处理。处理上行报文的过程可以是现有的NS处理上行报文的逻辑。这里主要是分析上行报文，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。
在步骤S327，判断是否需要发送下行报文。这里可以基于步骤S326的处理结果进行判断。在不需要发送下行报文的情况下，无需为节点选择下行基站。在需要发送下行报文的情况下，在步骤S328，将该基站确定为下行基站。在步骤S329，向该基站发送下 行报文。
综上，本发明的下行基站选择方案在延迟和性能之间做到了很好的平衡，通过分析候选集合基站，保证A模式的下行基站的性能在可预期的范围内。同时因为信号先到达的基站，性能也相对较好，因此本发明可以实现在大部分场景下没有因等待而产生的额外延迟，即使在需要延迟等待其他基站信号到达的少数场景下，也可以取得相对较少的延迟，而不必等待所有基站信号都已到达。本发明可以在上行信号处理完成之后进行下行基站的选取，如果节点上行报文中有特殊的指令对路由基站有特殊要求，可以很方便的进行处理。
本发明的下行基站选择方案至少存在如下有益效果。
1、NS接收到的上行报文中包含了基站接收到上行报文的内部时间(tmst)，不同基站tmst不同，因此如果想要提前选定好下行基站，就需要进行时间同步，所有基站的时钟保持一致，如此将非常复杂，延迟势必较高。因此，ClassA模式的下行基站必须要实时地从上行已达基站中选取。本发明通过候选基站集合可以为下行基站的实时选取提供依据。不需要时间同步，可以在低延迟情况下选择性能较好的基站作为终端的下行基站，提高下行数据包的成功率。
2、实现了ClassA模式的排重与路由的解耦，上行报文的处理在NS没有额外的等待延迟。
3、提出了候选基站集合的概念，候选集合基站为下行路由基站的决策提供数据支持，同时候选集合基站的分析和处理是独立的进程，不会对节点上下行的核心流程产生影响。
4、使用滑动平均算法或者加权平均算法实时分析基站的信号质量，可以保证候选基站集合的实时性和高鲁棒性。
5、本发明可以实现另类的A上B下的模式，即处理的上行报文的来源基站是A基站，但是下行基站(发送下行报文的基站)是B基站。下行报文从B基站到达，从而可以获取到B基站的内部时间tmst，避免了复杂的时间同步工作。
6、本发明实现的A上B下的模式，也可以使得扩展性很好，后续如果针对ClassA模式的路由基站有新的限制要求时，可以很方便地进行扩充。
【下行基站选择装置】
图4至图7是示出了根据本发明在不同实施例的下行基站选择装置的结构的示意性方框图。其中，下行基站选择装置的功能模块可以由实现本发明原理的硬件、软件或硬件和软件的结合来实现。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，图4至图7所描述的功能模块 可以组合起来或者划分成子模块，从而实现上述发明的原理。因此，本文的描述可以支持对本文描述的功能模块的任何可能的组合、或者划分、或者更进一步的限定。
下行基站选择装置可以具有的功能模块以及各功能模块可以执行的操作做简要说明，对于其中涉及的细节部分可以参见上文描述，这里不再赘述。
参见图4，下行基站选择装置400包括第一判断模块410、处理模块420、第二判断模块430以及确定模块440。
第一判断模块410用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断上行报文是否首次接收到。处理模块420用于在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。第二判断模块430用于在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值。确定模块440用于在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
作为本发明的一个示例，第二判断模块430在判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以判断后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合。在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以由确定模块440将该基站确定为下行基站。
可选地，下行基站选择装置400还可以包括选择模块。在判定后续接收到的上行报文所对应的基站均不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，选择模块可以从接收到的上行报文所对应的至少部分基站中选择信号质量最好的基站作为下行基站。
作为本发明的另一个示例，下行基站选择装置400还可以包括添加模块，用于在第一判断模块410判定上行报文不是首次接收到的情况下，将发送上行报文的基站的基站信息加入到基站队列中。在第二判断模块430判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以进一步判断基站队列中的基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，在判定基站队列中的基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以将该基站确定为下行基站。
作为本发明的另一个示例，第二判断模块430在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以进一步判断基站是否满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求。在判定基站满足上行报文所指示的下行基站要求的情况下，才由确定模块440将基站确定为下行基站。
参见图5，在本实施例中，下行基站选择装置500包括第一判断模块510、第二判断 模块520、处理模块530以及确定模块540。
第一判断模块510用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的候选基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值。第二判断模块520用于在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理。处理模块530用于在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。确定模块540用于在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。
作为本发明的一个示例，下行基站选择装置500还可以包括第三判断模块、添加模块以及选取模块。
在第一判断模块510判定基站不属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，可以由第三判断模块判断上行报文是否被处理。在第三判断模块判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，添加模块将本次接收到的上行报文或其对应的基站添加到候选集；在预定时间间隔后，第三判断模块再次判断上行报文是否被处理；添加模块可以在判定上行报文仍未被处理的情况下，从候选集中选取信号质量最佳的基站。处理模块530可以对选取的基站所对应的上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文。在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，确定模块540可以将选取的基站确定为下行基站。
参见图6，在本实施例中，下行基站选择装置600包括信号质量指标确定模块610和候选基站集合添加模块620。
信号质量指标确定模块610用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标。信号质量数据可以包括上行报文被基站接收时的信号强度和/或信噪比。
信号质量指标确定模块610可以利用滑动平均算法或加权平均算法对节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据进行处理，以得到基站针对节点的信号质量指标。关于具体的确定过程可以参见上文相关描述，此处不再赘述。
候选基站集合添加模块620用于在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合。
可选地，下行基站选择装置600还可以包括删除模块。删除模块可以用于在信号质量指标小于预定阈值的情况下，将基站从候选基站集合中删除。
参见图7，在本实施例中，下行基站选择装置700可以包括第一处理模块710和第二处理模块720。响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，第一处理模块710和第 二处理模块720可以并行执行。
第一处理模块710可以包括图6中的下行基站选择装置所包括的功能模块，并执行图6中下行基站选择装置所能够执行的功能。简要来说，第一处理模块710可以根据节点通过基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定基站针对节点的信号质量指标，在信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将基站添加到节点的候选基站集合。关于第一处理模块710还可以执行的操作，可以参见图6的描述，此处不再赘述。
第二处理模块720可以包括图4中的下行基站选择装置所包括的功能模块，并执行图4中下行基站选择装置所能够执行的功能。另外，第二处理模块720也可以包括图5中的下行基站选择装置所包括的功能模块，并执行图5中下行基站选择装置所能够执行的功能。
例如，第二处理模块720可以用于判断是否首次接收到上行报文，在判定上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将基站作为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。其中，关于第二处理模块720还可以执行的操作，可以参见图4的描述，此处不再赘述。
再例如，第二处理模块720也可以用于判断基站是否属于节点的候选基站集合，其中，候选基站集合中的基站针对节点的信号指标大于预定阈值，在判定基站属于节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断上行报文是否被处理，在判定上行报文未被处理的情况下，对上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向节点发送下行报文，在需要向节点发送下行报文的情况下，将基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将下行报文发送给节点。其中，关于第二处理模块720还可以执行的操作，可以参见图5的描述，此处不再赘述。
【计算设备】
图8示出了根据本发明一实施例可用于实现上述下行基站选择方法的计算设备的结构示意图。
参见图8，计算设备800包括存储器810和处理器820。
处理器820可以是一个多核的处理器，也可以包含多个处理器。在一些实施例中，处理器820可以包含一个通用的主处理器以及一个或多个特殊的协处理器，例如图形处理器(GPU)、数字信号处理器(DSP)等等。在一些实施例中，处理器820可以使用定制的电路实现，例如特定用途集成电路(ASIC，Application Specific Integrated Circuit) 或者现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Arrays)。
存储器810可以包括各种类型的存储单元，例如系统内存、只读存储器(ROM)，和永久存储装置。其中，ROM可以存储处理器820或者计算机的其他模块需要的静态数据或者指令。永久存储装置可以是可读写的存储装置。永久存储装置可以是即使计算机断电后也不会失去存储的指令和数据的非易失性存储设备。在一些实施方式中，永久性存储装置采用大容量存储装置(例如磁或光盘、闪存)作为永久存储装置。另外一些实施方式中，永久性存储装置可以是可移除的存储设备(例如软盘、光驱)。系统内存可以是可读写存储设备或者易失性可读写存储设备，例如动态随机访问内存。系统内存可以存储一些或者所有处理器在运行时需要的指令和数据。此外，存储器810可以包括任意计算机可读存储媒介的组合，包括各种类型的半导体存储芯片(DRAM，SRAM，SDRAM，闪存，可编程只读存储器)，磁盘和/或光盘也可以采用。在一些实施方式中，存储器810可以包括可读和/或写的可移除的存储设备，例如激光唱片(CD)、只读数字多功能光盘(例如DVD-ROM，双层DVD-ROM)、只读蓝光光盘、超密度光盘、闪存卡(例如SD卡、min SD卡、Micro-SD卡等等)、磁性软盘等等。计算机可读存储媒介不包含载波和通过无线或有线传输的瞬间电子信号。
存储器810上存储有可执行代码，当可执行代码被处理器820处理时，可以使处理器820执行上文述及的下行基站选择方法。
上文中已经参考附图详细描述了根据本公开的下行基站选择方法、装置及计算设备。
此外，根据本公开的方法还可以实现为一种计算机程序或计算机程序产品，该计算机程序或计算机程序产品包括用于执行本公开的上述方法中限定的上述各步骤的计算机程序代码指令。
或者，本公开还可以实施为一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质(或计算机可读存储介质、或机器可读存储介质)，其上存储有可执行代码(或计算机程序、或计算机指令代码)，当所述可执行代码(或计算机程序、或计算机指令代码)被电子设备(或计算设备、服务器等)的处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行根据本发明的上述方法的各个步骤。
本领域技术人员还将明白的是，结合这里的公开所描述的各种示例性逻辑块、模块、电路和算法步骤可以被实现为电子硬件、计算机软件或两者的组合。
附图中的流程图和框图显示了根据本公开的多个实施例的系统和方法的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。在这点上，流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段或代码的一部分，所述模块、程序段或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定 的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意，在有些作为替换的实现中，方框中所标记的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标记的顺序发生。例如，两个连续的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行，它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行，这依所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是，框图和/或流程图中的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，可以用执行规定的功能或操作的专用的基于硬件的系统来实现，或者可以用专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。
以上已经描述了本公开的各实施例，上述说明是示例性的，并非穷尽性的，并且也不限于所披露的各实施例。在不偏离所说明的各实施例的范围和精神的情况下，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说许多修改和变更都是显而易见的。本文中所用术语的选择，旨在最好地解释各实施例的原理、实际应用或对市场中的技术的改进，或者使本技术领域的其它普通技术人员能理解本文披露的各实施例。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，包括：
    响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断所述上行报文是否首次接收到；
    在判定所述上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文；
    在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的候选基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；
    在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定所述上行报文不是首次接收到的情况下，将发送所述上行报文的基站的基站信息加入到基站队列中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定所述基站不属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述基站队列中的基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合；
    在判定所述基站队列中的基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定所述基站不属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断后续接收到的所述上行报文所对应的基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合；
    在判定后续接收到的所述上行报文所对应的基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将该基站确定为下行基站。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定后续接收到的所述上行报文所对应的基站均不属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，从接收到的所述上行报文所对应的至少部分基站中选择信号质量最好的基站作为下行基站。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：针对所述上行报文设置锁服务，
    所述判断上行报文是否首次接收到的步骤包括：请求获取所述上行报文对应的锁， 在成功获取锁的情况下，判定所述上行报文是首次接收到的，在获取锁失败的情况下，判定所述上行报文不是首次接收到的。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，进一步判断所述基站是否满足所述上行报文所指示的下行基站要求；
    在判定所述基站满足所述上行报文所指示的下行基站要求的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站。
  8. 一种下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标，在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合；
    判断是否首次接收到所述上行报文，在判定所述上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文，在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将所述基站作为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  9. 一种下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，包括：
    响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的候选基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；
    在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述上行报文是否被处理；
    在判定所述上行报文未被处理的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文；
    在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在判定所述基站不属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述上行报文是否被处理；
    在判定所述上行报文未被处理的情况下，将本次接收到的上行报文或其对应的基站 添加到候选集；
    在预定时间间隔后，判断所述上行报文是否被处理；
    在判定所述上行报文仍未被处理的情况下，从所述候选集中选取信号质量最佳的基站；
    对选取的基站所对应的上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文；
    在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，将选取的基站确定为下行基站。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：针对所述上行报文设置锁服务，
    所述对上行报文进行处理的步骤包括：获取所述上行报文对应的锁，在成功获取锁的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，
    所述判断上行报文是否被处理的步骤包括：请求获取所述上行报文对应的锁，在获取锁失败的情况下，判定所述上行报文被处理。
  12. 一种下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，包括：响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标，在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合；
    判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值，在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述上行报文是否被处理，在判定所述上行报文未被处理的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文，在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  13. 一种下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，包括：
    响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标；
    在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，
    所述信号质量数据包括所述上行报文被基站接收时的信号强度和/或信噪比。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，所述确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标的步骤包括：
    利用滑动平均算法或加权平均算法对所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据进行处理，以得到所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的下行基站选择方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述信号质量指标小于所述预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站从所述候选基站集合中删除。
  17. 一种下行基站选择装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一判断模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断所述上行报文是否首次接收到；
    处理模块，用于在判定所述上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文；
    第二判断模块，用于在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的候选基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；
    确定模块，用于在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  18. 一种下行基站选择装置，其特征在于，包括：第一处理模块和第二处理模块，其中，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，所述第一处理模块和第二处理模块并行执行，其中，
    所述第一处理模块根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标，在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合；
    所述第二处理模块判断是否首次接收到所述上行报文，在判定所述上行报文是首次接收到的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文，在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，将所述基站作为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  19. 一种下行基站选择装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一判断模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，判断所述基站是 否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的候选基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值；
    第二判断模块，用于在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述上行报文是否被处理；
    处理模块，用于在判定所述上行报文未被处理的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文；
    确定模块，用于在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  20. 一种下行基站选择装置，其特征在于，包括：第一处理模块和第二处理模块，其中，响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，所述第一处理模块和第二处理模块并行执行，其中，
    所述第一处理模块根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标，在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合；
    所述第二处理模块判断所述基站是否属于所述节点的候选基站集合，其中，所述候选基站集合中的基站针对所述节点的信号指标大于预定阈值，在判定所述基站属于所述节点的候选基站集合的情况下，判断所述上行报文是否被处理，在判定所述上行报文未被处理的情况下，对所述上行报文进行处理，以确定是否需要向所述节点发送下行报文，在需要向所述节点发送下行报文的情况下，将所述基站确定为下行基站，以由该基站将所述下行报文发送给所述节点。
  21. 一种下行基站选择装置，其特征在于，包括：
    信号质量指标确定模块，用于响应于接收到节点通过基站发送的上行报文，根据所述节点通过所述基站发送过的一个或多个上行报文的信号质量数据，确定所述基站针对所述节点的信号质量指标；
    候选基站集合添加模块，用于在所述信号质量指标大于预定阈值的情况下，将所述基站添加到所述节点的候选基站集合。
  22. 一种计算设备，包括：
    处理器；以及
    存储器，其上存储有可执行代码，当所述可执行代码被所述处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行如权利要求1至16中任何一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种非暂时性机器可读存储介质，其上存储有可执行代码，当所述可执行代码被电子设备的处理器执行时，使所述处理器执行如权利要求1至16中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2019/124229 2018-12-20 2019-12-10 下行基站选择方法、装置、设备及存储介质 WO2020125485A1 (zh)

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