WO2020125378A1 - 一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板 - Google Patents

一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板 Download PDF

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WO2020125378A1
WO2020125378A1 PCT/CN2019/121991 CN2019121991W WO2020125378A1 WO 2020125378 A1 WO2020125378 A1 WO 2020125378A1 CN 2019121991 W CN2019121991 W CN 2019121991W WO 2020125378 A1 WO2020125378 A1 WO 2020125378A1
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area
hollow slab
slab
span
mid
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PCT/CN2019/121991
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王凤来
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哈尔滨达城绿色建筑技术开发股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020125378A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125378A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
    • E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
    • E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
    • E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a one-way prefabricated board for laminated building laminated board, in particular to a gradient cross-section one-way prefabricated hollow board for assembled building laminated board, which belongs to the technical field of assembled construction.
  • the floor can be divided into three types: integral type, assembled type and assembled integral type.
  • the assembled integral floor takes the length of both the integral floor and the assembled floor, and has the advantages of large overall rigidity, good seismic performance, simple construction, and shortened construction period.
  • the concrete composite slab is an assembled monolithic floor formed by pouring a layer of cast-in-place concrete on the prefabricated slab, and can be divided into a primary composite slab and a secondary composite slab according to the stress situation.
  • the precast slab is used as a template for cast-in-place concrete, and no support is provided under the precast slab. At this time, the precast slab bears its own weight, the weight of the post-cast concrete and the load during construction.
  • the laminated cross-section formed by the prefabricated part and the cast-in-place part bears the use load and constitutes the secondary stressed laminated board.
  • This laminated board is more conducive to improving construction efficiency and saving resources.
  • a prefabricated bottom plate for laminated panels that is compatible with prefabricated reinforced block masonry construction and has excellent performance.
  • the prefabricated bottom plate of the secondary stressed laminated board on the one hand, is used as a template for the post-cast concrete layer, and on the other hand, it has a bearing-free bearing function, so it plays an important role in the entire process from construction to use of the laminated board.
  • the present invention is to solve the problems of the large amount of cast-in-place concrete laminated layer required for the existing prefabricated slabs for laminated boards, the need to provide support during construction, and the stress is not reasonable enough, and further provides a gradient for laminated building laminated boards One-way prefabricated hollow slab.
  • a kind of one-way prefabricated hollow slab with gradient cross-section for block building laminated board which includes a mid-span area and support areas located at both ends of the mid-span area.
  • the thickness of the area is smaller than the thickness of the mid-span area.
  • the mid-span area of the hollow slab is processed with several through holes along its span direction. Several through holes are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.
  • each support area is along the mid-span area
  • a number of first through grooves are provided in the span direction of each of the two, the number of the first through grooves and the number of the through holes are the same and are in one-to-one correspondence with each other, and a plurality of U-shaped grooves are processed at the upper ends of the mid-span area,
  • the open ends of the U-shaped grooves are respectively located at the two ends of the span direction of the mid-span area, a plurality of the U-shaped grooves are evenly arranged, and the lower portion of the U-shaped groove is penetrated through the through hole.
  • the first through-groove on the support area is an arc-shaped through-groove, and the center line of the arc-shaped through-groove is on the same straight line as the center line of the through hole communicating therewith.
  • each U-shaped groove is directly opposite to the through hole below it.
  • the width of the hollow board is a multiple of 200 mm.
  • the plate thickness of the bearing area is not less than 50 mm, and the plate thickness of the mid-span area is the same as the thickness of the superimposed floor.
  • each support area ranges from 300 mm to 500 mm.
  • a plurality of positive bending moment ribs are embedded in the lower part of the hollow slab along its span direction, and a plurality of the positive bending moment ribs are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.
  • each side wall of the mid-span area is horizontally processed with first and second ribs arranged in parallel up and down, wherein A second through groove is formed between the first rib and the second rib, and the thickness of the first rib is smaller than the thickness of the second rib.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • the self-weight of the gradient prefabricated hollow slab of the present application is reduced; compared with the thinner prefabricated slab with the support in the construction stage in the prior art , To achieve the purpose of construction without support. Therefore, the gradual cross-section of the prefabricated slab takes into account the two goals of free support during construction and reducing the weight of the components, while also ensuring accurate control of floor leveling.
  • the hollow slab is not provided with support, and bears its own weight, the load of the superimposed layer and the live load of the construction, so as to improve the construction efficiency and reduce the engineering cost.
  • the superposed layer only appears in the support area, which can strengthen the connection between the prefabricated slab and the wall or support beam, and realize the connection of the vertical members at the floor.
  • the cross-section of the hollow slab in this application is variable.
  • the thickness of the mid-span area is greater than the thickness of the support area. This variable thickness corresponds to the stress of the slab during construction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram at P of FIG. 3.
  • a one-way prefabricated hollow slab with gradient cross-section for block building composite slabs includes a mid-span area 1 and support areas 2 at both ends of the mid-span area 1.
  • the bottom surface of the mid-span area 1 and the bottom surface of the support area 2 are located on the same horizontal plane, and the thickness of the support area 2 is smaller than the thickness of the mid-span area 1.
  • the hollow mid-span area 1 has a number of through holes 11 along its span direction.
  • a plurality of the through holes 11 are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction.
  • the top surface of each support area 2 is provided with a plurality of first through grooves 21 along the span direction of the mid-span area 1.
  • the number of the through-holes 11 is the same, and the communication holes are provided in one-to-one correspondence.
  • a plurality of U-shaped grooves 12 are processed at the upper ends of the mid-span area 1 respectively.
  • the open ends of the U-shaped grooves 12 are located at both ends in the span direction of the mid-zone 1
  • a plurality of U-shaped grooves 12 are evenly arranged, and the lower portion of the U-shaped groove 12 is penetratingly provided with the through hole 11.
  • the longitudinal section of the hollow slab along its span direction is in a "convex" shape, that is, the height of the section of the hollow slab varies along its span direction.
  • the raised portion is the mid-span area 1, and the two ends of the protrusion are the support area 2.
  • the U-shaped groove 12 on the mid-span area 1 is used for arranging negative bending moment ribs, so as to realize the continuous force of the laminated plate at the position of the middle support, and bear the negative bending moment at the position of the side support.
  • the length of the U-shaped groove 12 should meet the force requirement of the negative bending moment rib.
  • the post-concrete concrete superposition layer is only arranged in the bearing area 2 of the prefabricated hollow slab, and the superposition is only formed in the bearing area 2, and the mid-span area 1 does not need to be superimposed, and finally a partially superimposed superimposed floor is formed.
  • the concrete in the U-shaped groove 12 and the through hole 11 below it is poured together with the concrete of the superposed layer (that is, the concrete on the bearing area 2), and the remaining through holes 11 should be kept hollow.
  • One-way prefabricated hollow slab with gradual cross-section In the prefabricated production, first a complete one-way prefabricated hollow slab with a number of through holes 11 is produced, and then the variable cross-sectional form of the bearing area 2 at both ends and the U-shaped groove 12 and through holes are cut out
  • the cross-sectional shape of 11 and the distance between two adjacent through holes 11 mainly depend on the cross-sectional height of the hollow slab and the arrangement of longitudinally stressed steel bars (including positive bending moment bars 3 and negative bending moment bars). And the width of the 11 ribs between the two through holes meets the stress requirements.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the through hole may be circular or oblong or composed of multiple arcs.
  • the longitudinally loaded steel bars of prefabricated hollow slabs should not be lower than HRB400 or HRBF400. They should meet the requirements of bearing capacity calculation, crack control calculation and deflection calculation. When the requirements are not met, the longitudinally loaded steel bars of precast hollow slabs Apply a certain level of prestress. When the longitudinal tensile reinforcement of the one-way prefabricated hollow slab with gradient section is ordinary reinforcement, the concrete strength level should not be lower than C30. When prestressing the longitudinal tensile reinforcement, the concrete strength level should not be lower than C40 and should not be lower than C30.
  • the safety reserve of the shear capacity of the inclined section (that is, the conservative coefficient of the shear capacity) is significantly greater than that of the normal section .
  • the prefabricated slab for laminate is free of support during the construction phase, it is in the state of simply supported at both ends, the maximum shear force appears in the bearing area 2, the maximum bending moment appears in the mid-span area 1, if the bearing area 2
  • the thickness of the slab is reduced to form a variable cross-section plate, the safety reserve of the shear capacity of the inclined section will be reduced, but its safety reserve is still not lower than the safety reserve of the bending capacity of the normal section.
  • the plate thickness of the mid-span area 1 is greater than the plate thickness of the bearing area 2, and this varying plate thickness is consistent with the stress condition of the plate during construction.
  • the self-weight of the gradient prefabricated hollow slab of the present application is reduced; compared with the thinner prefabricated slabs provided with the support in the construction stage in the prior art, The purpose of construction without support. Therefore, the gradual cross-section of the prefabricated slab takes into account the two goals of free support during construction and reducing the weight of the components, while also ensuring accurate control of the floor leveling.
  • the hollow slab is not provided with support, which bears its own weight, the load of the superimposed layer and the live load of the construction, so as to improve the construction efficiency and reduce the engineering cost.
  • the superposed layer only appears in the bearing area 2, which can strengthen the connection between the prefabricated slab and the wall or support beam, and realize the connection of the vertical members at the floor.
  • variable cross-sectional form of the support area 2 and the U-shaped groove 12 can be cut on the basis of a complete hollow slab, which greatly reduces the difficulty of prefabricated production.
  • the mid-span area 1 does not need to be superposed, which can make the flatness control of the superposed board more precise.
  • the first through groove 21 on the support area 2 is an arc-shaped through groove, and the center line of the arc-shaped through groove is on the same straight line as the center line of the through hole 11 communicating therewith.
  • a number of through holes 11 parallel to each other along the horizontal plane can be machined directly along the span of the board, and then the two upper end areas of the board are horizontally cut into two support areas 2 on the support area 2
  • the first through-groove 21 is the lower part of the through-hole 11 processed on the original plate. There is no need to separately process the first through-groove 21, which greatly reduces the difficulty of prefabricated production and effectively improves the processing efficiency.
  • Each adjacent two U-shaped grooves 12 are separated by a through hole 11, and each U-shaped groove 12 is directly opposite to the through hole 11 below it.
  • the U-shaped groove 12 is used for arranging negative bending moment ribs, and its length should meet the stress requirements of the negative bending moment ribs.
  • the concrete in the U-shaped groove 12 and the through hole 11 below it is poured together with the concrete of the superposed layer, and the remaining through holes 11 are kept in a hollow state.
  • the width L of the hollow board is a multiple of 200 mm. According to the needs of the project, a series of board widths can be selected for prefabricated production. According to the need to cut out the required span and plate shape to form a gradual cross-section unidirectional prefabricated hollow slab, it has changed the low-efficiency production method of "one mold and one plate" in the prior art.
  • the plate thickness of the bearing area 2 is not less than 50 mm, and the plate thickness of the mid-span area 1 is the same as the thickness of the superimposed floor.
  • the top surface of the mid-span area 1 is the top surface of the hollow slab itself, which makes the flatness control of the laminated board more accurate.
  • the thickness of the laminated floor is determined by calculation.
  • each support area 2 ranges from 300 mm to 500 mm.
  • the support areas 2 at both ends have the same length, and are mainly used to strengthen the connection between the floor slab and the wall or support beams, and to achieve the bonding and anchoring of the concrete bending layer to the negative moment bars.
  • a plurality of positive bending moment ribs 3 are embedded in the lower part of the hollow slab along its span direction, and several of the positive bending moment ribs 3 are arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction. Directly arranging the positive bending moment ribs 3 during the prefabricated production of the hollow slab can reduce the difficulty of the prefabricated production of the one-way prefabricated hollow slabs with the gradual cross-section, while the negative bending moment ribs are arranged after the prefabricated production of the hollow slab.
  • the two side walls along the span direction of the hollow plate have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged, wherein each side wall of the mid-span region 1 is horizontally processed with a first rib 13 and a second rib 14 arranged in parallel up and down.
  • a second through groove 15 is formed between the first rib 13 and the second rib 14, and the thickness A of the first rib 13 is smaller than the thickness B of the second rib 14.
  • the slab side of the mid-span area 1 is in the form of a non-vertical plane, processed with ribs and grooves.

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Abstract

一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，属于装配式建筑技术领域。本发明解决了现有的叠合板用预制板所需要现浇混凝土叠合层的用量大、施工期间需要设置支承、受力不够合理的问题。它包括跨中区域以及位于跨中区域两端的支座区域，跨中区域的底面与支座区域的底面位于同一水平面，且支座区域的厚度小于跨中区域的厚度，空心板的跨中区域沿其跨度方向加工有若干通孔，每个支座区域的顶面沿跨中区域的跨度方向均开设有若干第一通槽，跨中区域的上部两端分别加工有若干U形槽，U形槽的开口端分别位于跨中区域跨度方向的两端部，若干所述U形槽均布设置，且U形槽的下部与通孔贯通设置。

Description

一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板 技术领域
本发明涉及一种集块建筑叠合板用单向预制板，具体涉及一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，属于装配式建筑技术领域。
背景技术
根据施工方式可将楼盖分为整体式、装配式和装配整体式三种。装配整体式楼盖取整体式楼盖及装配式楼盖二者之长，具有整体刚度大、抗震性能好、施工简便、缩短工期等优点。混凝土叠合板是在预制板上加浇一层现浇混凝土而形成的装配整体式楼盖，按受力情况可分为一次受力叠合板和二次受力叠合板。在施工阶段，以预制板作为现浇层混凝土的模板，预制板下方免设支撑，此时预制板承受其自重、后浇层混凝土重量和施工期间荷载，待上层现浇混凝土达到设计强度后，再由预制部分和现浇部分形成的叠合截面承受使用荷载，构成了二次受力叠合板，这种叠合板更有利于提高施工效率、节约资源。
《国务院办公厅关于大力发展装配式建筑的指导意见》(国办发[2016]71号)指出，发展装配式建筑有利于节约资源能源、减少施工污染、提升劳动生产效率和质量安全水平，有利于促进建筑业与信息化工业化深度融合、培育新产业新动能、推动化解过剩产能。2017年3月，住房和城乡建设部印发的《“十三五”装配式建筑行动方案》，确定了实现装配式建筑全面发展的工作目标。《装配式混凝土结构技术规程》(JGJ 1-2014)明确指出装配整体式结构的楼盖宜采用叠合楼盖。《装配式建筑评价标准》(GB/T 51129-2017)进行装配率计算时，是以预制装配式叠合楼板、屋面板的水平投影面积为依据的。可见，加大对预制装配式叠合板的理论与实践方面的研究，是符合现阶段国家方针政策的。
尽管建筑工程中出现了各种技术成熟且大量应用的叠合板用预制底板，但存在现浇混凝土叠合层用量大、施工期间需要设置支承、受力不够合理等问题，为此，有必要发明与装配式配筋砌块砌体建筑适应的、性能优异的叠合板用预制底板。二次受力叠合板的预制底板，一方面作为后浇混凝土层的模板，另一方面具有免支承的承载功能，因此对叠合板施工到使用的全过程起着重要作用。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决现有的叠合板用预制板所需要现浇混凝土叠合层的用量大、施工期间需要设置支承、受力不够合理的问题，进而提供了一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板。
本发明为解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，它包括跨中区域以及位于跨中区域两端的支座区域，跨中区域的底面与支座区域的底面位于同一水平面，且支座区域的厚度小于跨中区域的厚度，空心板的跨中区域沿其跨度方向加工有若干通孔，若干所述通孔沿水平方向相互平行设置，每个支座区域的顶面沿跨中区域的跨度方向均开设有若干第一通槽，若干所述第一通槽与若干所述通孔的数量相同且一一对应连通设置，跨中区域的上部两端分别加工有若干U形槽，U形槽的开口端分别位于跨中区域跨度方向的两端部，若干所述U形槽均布设置，且U形槽的下部与通孔贯通设置。
进一步地，支座区域上的第一通槽为弧形通槽，该弧形通槽的中心线与其连通的通孔的中心线位于同一直线上。
进一步地，每相邻两个U形槽之间各间隔一个通孔，每个U形槽均与其下方的通孔正对设置。
进一步地，空心板的宽度为200mm的倍数。
进一步地，支座区域的板厚不小于50mm，跨中区域的板厚与叠合楼盖的厚度相同。
进一步地，每个支座区域的长度范围为300mm～500mm。
进一步地，空心板的下部沿其跨度方向埋设有若干正弯矩筋，且若干所述正弯矩筋在水平方向上相互平行设置。
进一步地，空心板上沿其跨度方向上的两侧壁结构相同且对称设置，其中跨中区域的每个侧壁上均水平加工有上下平行设置的第一凸棱和第二凸棱，其中第一凸棱与第二凸棱之间形成第二通槽，且第一凸棱的厚度小于第二凸棱的厚度。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下效果：
一、与现有技术中施工阶段免支承的较厚的预制板相比较，本申请的渐变截面预制空心板的自重降低了；与现有技术中施工阶段设支承的较薄的预制板相比较，达到了施工免支承的目的。因此，预制板的渐变截面形式兼顾了施工免支承和减轻构件自重的两个目标，同时还能确保楼面平整控制精准化。
二、空心板不设支承，由其承担自重、叠合层载荷以及施工活荷载，以提高施工效率，降低工程成本。
三、本申请中叠合层只出现在支座区域，可加强预制板与墙体或支承梁之间的连接，实现竖向构件在楼层处的连接。
四、跨中区域不需要叠合，可使叠合板的平整度控制更加精准。
五、本申请中空心板的截面是变化的，跨中区域的板厚大于支座区域的板厚，这种变 化的板厚与施工期间板的受力状况相符。
六、若干通孔可用于布置预留线管，具有节省混凝土用量、减轻预制空心板自重、减小施工期间的正弯矩、提高空心板的变形能力、增加空心板隔声功能的应用优势。
附图说明
图1为本发明的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明的俯视示意图；
图3为本发明的主视示意图；
图4为图3的P处放大示意图。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一：结合图1～4说明本实施方式，一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，它包括跨中区域1以及位于跨中区域1两端的支座区域2，跨中区域1的底面与支座区域2的底面位于同一水平面，且支座区域2的厚度小于跨中区域1的厚度，空心板的跨中区域1沿其跨度方向加工有若干通孔11，若干所述通孔11沿水平方向相互平行设置，每个支座区域2的顶面沿跨中区域1的跨度方向均开设有若干第一通槽21，若干所述第一通槽21与若干所述通孔11的数量相同且一一对应连通设置，跨中区域1的上部两端分别加工有若干U形槽12，U形槽12的开口端分别位于跨中区域1跨度方向的两端部，若干所述U形槽12均布设置，且U形槽12的下部与通孔11贯通设置。
空心板沿其跨度方向的纵截面呈“凸”字形，即沿其跨度方向，空心板的截面高度是变化的。凸起部分为跨中区域1，凸起两端部为支座区域2。跨中区域1上的U形槽12内用于布置负弯矩筋，以实现叠合板在中支座位置的连续受力，以及在边支座位置承担负弯矩。U形槽12的长度应满足负弯矩筋的受力要求。后浇混凝土叠合层只布置在预制空心板的支座区域2，只在支座区域2形成叠合，而跨中区域1并不需要叠合，最终形成局部叠合的叠合楼盖。
U形槽12及其下方通孔11内的混凝土与叠合层混凝土(即支座区域2上的混凝土)共同浇筑，其余通孔11应保持空心状态。
渐变截面单向预制空心板在预制生产时，首先生产完整的带若干通孔11的单向预制空心板，再切割出两端部支座区域2的变截面形式以及U形槽12，通孔11的截面形状以及相邻两通孔11之间的间距主要取决于空心板的截面高度及纵向受力钢筋(包括正弯矩筋3和负弯矩筋)的布置，要保证钢筋保护层厚度及两通孔11间肋宽满足受力要求。通孔的截面形状可以为圆形或长圆形或由多段圆弧构成。
预制空心板所配置的纵向受力钢筋不宜低于HRB400级或HRBF400级，应满足承载力计算、裂缝控制验算及挠度验算的要求，当不满足要求时，可对预制空心板的纵向受力钢筋施加一定水平的预应力。渐变截面单向预制空心板的纵向受拉钢筋为普通钢筋时，混凝土强度等级不宜低于C30，对纵向受拉钢筋施加预应力时，混凝土强度等级不宜低于C40，且不应低于C30。
对于单一厚度不配置箍筋和弯起钢筋的一般板类受弯构件，其斜截面受剪承载力的安全储备(即受剪承载力的保守系数)明显大于正截面受弯承载力的安全储备。叠合板用预制板在施工阶段免设支承时，其处于两端简支的受力状态，最大剪力出现在支座区域2，最大弯矩出现在跨中区域1，如果把支座区域2的板厚减薄而形成变截面板，则斜截面受剪承载力的安全储备将降低，但其安全储备仍不低于正截面受弯承载力的安全储备。由于只在支座区域2将板厚变薄，所以此种做法对正常使用极限状态的裂缝控制验算及挠度验算的影响较小。跨中区域1的板厚大于支座区域2的板厚，这种变化的板厚与施工期间板的受力状况相符。
与现有技术中施工阶段免支承的较厚的预制板相比较，本申请的渐变截面预制空心板的自重降低了；与现有技术中施工阶段设支承的较薄的预制板相比较，达到了施工免支承的目的。因此，预制板的渐变截面形式兼顾了施工免支承和减轻构件自重的两个目标，同时还能确保楼面平整控制精准化。
空心板不设支承，由其承担自重、叠合层载荷以及施工活荷载，以提高施工效率，降低工程成本。
本申请中叠合层只出现在支座区域2，可加强预制板与墙体或支承梁之间的连接，实现竖向构件在楼层处的连接。
若干通孔11可用于布置预留线管，具有节省混凝土用量、减轻预制空心板自重、减小施工期间的正弯矩、提高空心板的变形能力、增加空心板隔声功能的应用优势。符合绿色、节能、环保的理念。
支座区域2的变截面形式以及U形槽12，均可在完整的空心板基础上切割得到，大大降低了预制生产难度。
跨中区域1不需要叠合，可使叠合板的平整度控制更加精准。
支座区域2上的第一通槽21为弧形通槽，该弧形通槽的中心线与其连通的通孔11的中心线位于同一直线上。在空心板加工过程中，可直接将板沿其跨度方向加工出若干沿水平面相互平行设置的通孔11，然后将板的上部两端水平切割出两个支座区域2，支座区 域2上的第一通槽21即为原始板上所加工出的通孔11的下部分，无需再单独加工第一通槽21，大降低了预制生产难度，有效提高加工效率。
每相邻两个U形槽12之间各间隔一个通孔11，每个U形槽12均与其下方的通孔11正对设置。U形槽12内用于布置负弯矩筋，其长度应满足负弯矩筋的受力要求。U形槽12及其下方的通孔11内的混凝土与叠合层混凝土共同浇筑，其余通孔11保持空心状态。
空心板的宽度L为200mm的倍数。可根据工程需要选择系列板宽进行预制生产。根据需要切割出需要的跨度及板型而形成渐变截面单向预制空心板，改变了现有技术中“一模一板”的低效生产方式。
支座区域2的板厚不小于50mm，跨中区域1的板厚与叠合楼盖的厚度相同。跨中区域1的顶面为空心板自身的顶面，使得叠合板的平整度控制更加准确。叠合楼盖的厚度大小通过计算确定。
每个支座区域2的长度范围为300mm～500mm。两端支座区域2的长度相同，主要用于加强楼板与墙体或支承梁之间的连接，以及实现混凝土叠合层对负弯矩筋的粘结与锚固。
空心板的下部沿其跨度方向埋设有若干正弯矩筋3，且若干所述正弯矩筋3在水平方向上相互平行设置。将正弯矩筋3在空心板预制生产时直接布置，可降低渐变截面单向预制空心板的预制生产难度，而负弯矩筋在空心板预制生产后进行布置。
空心板上沿其跨度方向上的两侧壁结构相同且对称设置，其中跨中区域1的每个侧壁上均水平加工有上下平行设置的第一凸棱13和第二凸棱14，其中第一凸棱13与第二凸棱14之间形成第二通槽15，且第一凸棱13的厚度A小于第二凸棱14的厚度B。跨中区域1的板侧采用非竖直平面的形式，加工有凸棱和凹槽，在叠合楼盖组装时，相邻两个空心板的板侧对接，两个第二凸棱14紧密接触，两个第一凸棱13之间存在间隙，两个空心板之间的空隙处浇注混凝土，以保证相邻两板板侧接缝的可靠连接。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：它包括跨中区域(1)以及位于跨中区域(1)两端的支座区域(2)，跨中区域(1)的底面与支座区域(2)的底面位于同一水平面，且支座区域(2)的厚度小于跨中区域(1)的厚度，空心板的跨中区域(1)沿其跨度方向加工有若干通孔(11)，若干所述通孔(11)沿水平方向相互平行设置，每个支座区域(2)的顶面沿跨中区域(1)的跨度方向均开设有若干第一通槽(21)，若干所述第一通槽(21)与若干所述通孔(11)的数量相同且一一对应连通设置，跨中区域(1)的上部两端分别加工有若干U形槽(12)，U形槽(12)的开口端分别位于跨中区域(1)跨度方向的两端部，若干所述U形槽(12)均布设置，且U形槽(12)的下部与通孔(11)贯通设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：支座区域(2)上的第一通槽(21)为弧形通槽，该弧形通槽的中心线与其连通的通孔(11)的中心线位于同一直线上。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：每相邻两个U形槽(12)之间各间隔一个通孔(11)，每个U形槽(12)均与其下方的通孔(11)正对设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：空心板的宽度(L)为200mm的倍数。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：支座区域(2)的板厚不小于50mm，跨中区域(1)的板厚与叠合楼盖的厚度相同。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：每个支座区域(2)的长度范围为300mm～500mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1、2、4或6所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：空心板的下部沿其跨度方向埋设有若干正弯矩筋(3)，且若干所述正弯矩筋(3)在水平方向上相互平行设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种集块建筑叠合板用渐变截面单向预制空心板，其特征在于：空心板上沿其跨度方向上的两侧壁结构相同且对称设置，其中跨中区域(1)的每个侧壁上均水平加工有上下平行设置的第一凸棱(13)和第二凸棱(14)，其中第一凸棱(13)与第二凸棱(14)之间形成第二通槽(15)，且第一凸棱(13)的厚度(A)小于第二凸棱(14)的厚度(B)。
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