WO2020121329A1 - Minoxidil and castor oil nanoemulgel for alopecia - Google Patents

Minoxidil and castor oil nanoemulgel for alopecia Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020121329A1
WO2020121329A1 PCT/IN2019/050909 IN2019050909W WO2020121329A1 WO 2020121329 A1 WO2020121329 A1 WO 2020121329A1 IN 2019050909 W IN2019050909 W IN 2019050909W WO 2020121329 A1 WO2020121329 A1 WO 2020121329A1
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Prior art keywords
emulgel
minoxidil
castor oil
hair
weight
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PCT/IN2019/050909
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French (fr)
Inventor
Sudha Suresh DR. RATHOD
Soniya Ramesh DEVASANI
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Dr Rathod Sudha Suresh
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Publication of WO2020121329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020121329A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0014—Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
    • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/47—Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family), e.g. Ricinus (castorbean)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
    • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/16—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing nitrogen, e.g. nitro-, nitroso-, azo-compounds, nitriles, cyanates
    • A61K47/18—Amines; Amides; Ureas; Quaternary ammonium compounds; Amino acids; Oligopeptides having up to five amino acids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A61K8/06—Emulsions
    • A61K8/066—Multiple emulsions, e.g. water-in-oil-in-water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/72—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K8/84—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions otherwise than those involving only carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
    • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
    • A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
    • A61K8/922—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof of vegetable origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
    • A61Q7/00—Preparations for affecting hair growth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of two active ingredients minoxidil and castor oil for treating various dermatological conditions by administering the composition in topical form, particularly in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • Castor oil is well known as a source of ricinoleic acid, a monosaturated, 18-carbon fatty acid.
  • ricinoleic acid is unusual in that it has a hydroxyl functional group on the 12th carbon. This functional group causes ricinoleic acid (and castor oil) to be more polar than most fats.
  • the chemical reactivity of the alcohol group also allows chemical derivatization that is not possible with most other seed oils. Because of its ricinoleic acid content, castor oil is a valuable chemical in feedstocks, commanding a higher price than other seed oils.
  • Castor oil promotes hair growth and helps control hair loss, fights dandruff and other scalp infections, tames frizzy hair and split ends, prevents premature graying, moisturize and condition hair. Castor oil can also be used to prevent hair from becoming dry and brittle. The ricin and the oil’s antimicrobial properties work together to protect the scalp from infections that can lead to dandruff and conditions like seborrheic dermatitis.
  • Minoxidil belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dialkylamines and it is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure.
  • Minoxidil a vasodilator medication known for its ability to slow or stop hair loss and promote hair regrowth, was first introduced, exclusively as an oral drug, to treat high blood pressure. It was however discovered to have the important side-effect of increasing growth or darkening of fine body hairs; this led to the development of a topical formulation as a 2% concentration solution for the treatment of female androgenic alopecia or 5% for treating male androgenic alopecia.
  • Minoxidil is a potassium channel opener, causing hyperpolarization of cell membranes and it is also a vasodilator, it is speculated that, by widening blood vessels and opening potassium channels, it allows more oxygen, blood and nutrients to the follicle. This can also cause follicles in the telogen phase to shed, usually soon to be replaced by new, thicker hairs in a new anagen phase (Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2012 May; 6 (2): 130-6).
  • Canadian Patent CA002633489A1 is drawn to solidifying adhesive formulations, methods of drug delivery, and solidified layers for dermal delivery of a drug which can treat various dermatological conditions.
  • the formulation can include a drug for treating dermatological conditions, a solvent vehicle including at least one volatile solvent, and a non-volatile solvent system, and a solidifying agent.
  • One such dermatological condition is alopecia and one such drug is minoxidil.
  • US patent US20110212157A1 describes systems and methods for treating disorders and/or conditions associated with the dermal level of the skin. Methods generally involve administering nanoemulsions (e.g., nanoparticle compositions) comprising at least one therapeutic agent, such as botulinum toxin.
  • nanoemulsions e.g., nanoparticle compositions
  • One of the compositions specifically provided includes 100 units of botulinum toxin as active, soyabean oil 1.5 gm, Tween 80 5 gm. and 100 mL of deionized/distilled water.
  • Several other catives are mentioned which includes minoxidil.
  • oils and surfactants are mentioned which includes castor oil. There is no teaching of using castor oil as active with minoxidil.
  • Chinese patent CN103655459A discloses a multifunctional microemlusion gel preparation and a preparation process thereof.
  • a multifunctional microemulsion gel formulation characterized by comprising a drug, a cationic polymer, a gelling agent, a surfactant, co- surfactant, oil and water.
  • Example 8 provides Minoxidil microemulsion gel formulation wherein first step is preparation of microemulsion using 3g minoxidil, 2.5 g oil which is oleic acid, 13.75 g surfactant octanoic acid / sodium glycolate, 6.5 g propylene glycol and 15 g ethanol.
  • This patent specifically states difficulties faced in formulating minoxidil microemulsions and states as follows: (translation from European patent office)
  • Minoxidil is almost insoluble in water, and commercially available formulations usually contain large amounts of ethanol and propylene glycol, posing a safety hazard.
  • US20140322148A1 patent discloses a topical oil-based pharmaceutical composition for slowing or stopping hair loss and/or promoting hair regrowth, said composition comprising: (a) at least one therapeutic agent selected from a vasodilator, a prostaglandin analog, a 5- alpha-reductase inhibitor and a vitamin A analog; (b) at least one oil (such as castor oil); (c) a viscosity agent; (d) water, and (e) alcohol, wherein said composition is propylene glycol- free and does not reverse the effect of chemically or thermally straightened hair.
  • the minoxidil may be present in the present composition in an amount, which ranges from greater than about 0.01% w/w to about 8% w/w, and all combinations and subcombinations of ranges and specific amounts therein. ...
  • the minoxidil may be present in a concentration of greater than about 3% w/w, with concentrations of greater than about 3% w/w to about 8% w/w being more preferred. In other preferred embodiments, concentrations of greater than 3% w/w are preferred, with concentrations of from greater than 3% w/w to about 8% w/w being more preferred.
  • Claim 7 specifically covers minoxidil from 2 to 10 %. There is no teaching to use less than 2 % of Minoxidil.
  • the US20070189980A1 patent application discloses a formulation for treating a subject suffering from alopecia, comprising:
  • a) a drug for treatment of alopecia b) a solvent vehicle, comprising
  • a volatile solvent system comprising at least one volatile solvent
  • a non-volatile solvent system comprising at least one non-volatile solvent
  • the weight percentage of the volatile solvent system is from about 10 wt % to about 85 wt %, preferably from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt %.
  • minoxidil in topical form for treating alopecia and for slowing or stopping hair loss and/or promoting hair regrowth
  • none of the arts teach use of castor oil as active ingredient along with minoxidil in order to allow user to reduce amount of minoxidil for the same treatment.
  • No art taught incorporating castor oil as active ingredient which can reduce requirement of minoxidil below 5 %, preferably below 2 % and most preferably 1 % or below.
  • the present invention has been developed based on sustained R & D efforts carried out by inventors of the present invention.
  • the experiments have successfully proven that when castor oil is used in sufficient dosage, it acts as a synergist for Minoxidil and the amount required to treat alopecia drops to 50 % (for women where 2 % dosage is recommended) or to 33 % (where 3 % dosage is recommended) or to 20 % (for men where 5 % dosage is recommended). Additionally, there are other benefits for user of the formulations provided under this invention enumerated under the detailed description section. Objects of the invention:
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil for treating various dermatological conditions.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions.
  • Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an emulgel preferably nanoemulgel comprising synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil which has better stability, better production feasibility and low production cost, no intensive sonication, controlled release and patient compliance.
  • One more object of the invention is to prepare and provide castor oil emulgel wherein castor oil is an active ingredient used in amounts 10-30 % to achieve one of the following i) increase in density of hair;
  • the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil as actives for treating various dermatological conditions, particularly the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • castor oil Since castor oil is used as active, it has to be used in certain percentage. The preferred amount of castor oil is 10-30 %, more preferred amount is 15 - 30 % and most preferred amount is 20 - 30 %.
  • 20 % castor oil is used. In another embodiment 24 % castor oil is used and in yet another embodiment, 28 % castor oil is used.
  • composition is such that it can incorporate emulsion, preferably nanoemulsion having nanoparticles of oil globules of size 1000 - 3000 nm.
  • composition is emulgel, preferably a nonoemulgel wherein nanoemulsion is transformed into a gel composition.
  • a gel composition incorporates nanoemulsion containing nanoparticles of castor oil and minoxidil. This nanoparticulate size enhances bioavailability / uptake of actives.
  • a gel composition provides a convenient form for day to day application without hair becoming excessively oily or dry or stiff.
  • the suitable inactives include one or more of solvent, surfactant, gelling agent, pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s) and viscosity builder(s).
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions.
  • Minoxidil marketed formulations for men and women have 5 % of Minoxidil active and 2 % of Minoxidil active respectively.
  • minoxidil is used at a concentration as low as possible. It was thought that topical preparations containing still lower concentrations of minoxidil cannot ensure a enough therapeutic effect. Thus, no marketed formulation ever contained less than 2 % minoxidil. Moreover, idea of reducing minoxidil from 5 % to 1 % looks to achieve same therapeutic effect looked unrealistic. Thus, this long felt need of developing minoxidil compositions having lower concentrations of minoxidil which can produce at least same but preferably better effect than that of 5 % minoxidil compositions has been fulfilled by combining minoxidil with certain amount of castor oil in emulsion preferably a nonoemulsion preparation. This emulsion preferably a nanoemulsion composition is further incorporated into a gel composition for several benefits including stability, ease of application and convenience.
  • Second aspect also includes using 2 % or higher Minoxidil and achieving much higher effect than that achieved by any marketed composition.
  • the other ingredients and their quantities will not much vary from already stated amounts for 1 % Minoxidil.
  • the third aspect of the present invention is to provide suitable and stable emulgel preferably a nanoemulgel i.e. gel containing nanoparticles which are oil globules of size 1000 nm to 3000 nm or less. Under this aspect, a stable emulgel or stable nanoemulgel is produced. Emulgel has better stability than emulsion or a gel. The pH of the gel is adjusted to above 4, preferably above 5, more preferably between 5 and 6 to provide optimum stability. There are several aspects of suitable emulgel of the present invention such as stability, lower production cost, better patient compliance and greater production feasibility. Most of the topical compositions contain large amounts of solvents particularly alcoholic solvents. Present invention incorporates not more than 30 %, preferably not more than 20 %, more preferably not more than 10 % and most preferably around or less than 5 % of alcoholic solvent.
  • the fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide suitable and stable emulgel of castor oil wherein castor oil is an active ingredient used in amounts 10-30 % to achieve one of the following
  • Minoxidil is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure.
  • the mechanism(s) by which topically applied minoxidil and/or a metabolite of the drug stimulate vertex hair regrowth in androgenic (male- pattern) alopecia or other forms of alopecia has not been fully elucidated. However, because minoxidil has stimulated hair regrowth in several forms of alopecia, it appears that the drug acts at the level of the hair follicle, possibly involving direct stimulation of hair follicle epithelial growth.
  • the drug also appears to induce hypertrophy of existing small follicles, prolong the anagen phase of the hair follicle, and accelerate the cyclic turnover of vellus hair follicles, enabling these follicles to produce thick, terminal hair; these effects result in a decrease in vellus hair follicles, an increase in terminal hair follicles, and an increase in the diameter of the hair shaft.
  • Biopsy specimens obtained after topical treatment with minoxidil demonstrate enlargement of pre-existing hair follicles but no evidence of new hair follicle formation.
  • Castor oil has been used for centuries for its therapeutic and medicinal benefits. Recently scope of castor oil as an antifungal agent and particularly for topical application is recognized.
  • the invention provides a topical pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil as actives for treating various dermatological conditions, particularly the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • castor oil Since castor oil is used as active, it must be used in certain percentage.
  • the preferred amount of castor oil is 10-30 % (+ 10 %);, more preferred amount is 15 - 30 % (+ 10 %);and most preferred amount is 20 - 30 % (+ 10 %);.
  • composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 20 % castor oil. In one more embodiment, composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 24 % castor oil. In yet another embodiment, composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 28 % castor oil.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
  • concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions. It has been surprisingly found by the inventors of the resent invention that Minoxidil and castor oil containing compositions for topical treatment produce much better results than castor oil preparations alone and Minoxidil preparations alone. Particularly, such compositions are synergistic in nature in enhancing density of hair or increasing number of hair follicles.
  • Castor oil compositions in the form of emulgel provide increase in height of the hair as well as in diameter of hair when compared to normal control which does not employ any treatment. However, castor oil preparations do not substantially increase hair density or cause increase in the number of hair follicles. From In vivo hair growth studies conducted in Albino male mice, surprising results are obtained.
  • Minoxidil preparation used for the studies as a reference product is a foam preparation that contained 5 % Minoxidil. This marketed product had shown marginal increase around 10-12 % in diameter of hair when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment. When 5
  • % minoxidil makes marginal impact, one can ascertain that 1 % minoxidil would not make any measurable impact.
  • combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has provided around 46 % increase in diameter of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment.
  • combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has provided around 28% increase in diameter of hair when compared to 5 % Minoxidil marketed preparation.
  • Minoxidil 5 % foam preparation has provided around 20 % increase in the height of hair when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment.
  • 1 % Minoxidil would not make much impact.
  • combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has also provided around 20 % increase in height of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment.
  • Minoxidil 5 % foam preparation has provided around 33 % increase in the density of hair / number of hair follicles when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment.
  • 1 % Minoxidil would make only marginal impact.
  • combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition, preferably in a nanoemulgel composition has provided around 100 % increase in density of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment (60 hair follicles vs.
  • the emulgel comprising combination of 1 % minoxidil (+ 10 %); and from 20 - 30 % castor oil (+ 10 %); both as actives thus achieve each of the following
  • combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition can replace 5 % marketed preparation of Minoxidil and will provide profound increase in density of hair, significant increase in diameter of hair and similar increase in height of the hair.
  • Castor oil emulgel prepared for comparison has also provided significant increase in height and diameter of hair. However, density of hair is not much impacted. All these studies are presented under various embodiments of this invention. Second aspect also includes using 2 % or higher Minoxidil and achieving much higher effect than that achieved by any marketed composition. The other ingredients and their quantities will not much vary from already stated amounts for 1 % Minoxidil.
  • Emulgel should be stable in that there should not be any phase separation of oil or crystallization of active and the appearance of the gel should be eye appealing.
  • Minoxidil has very low solubilities or almost no solubilities in oils in general and hence oils such as castor oil or coconut oil which are normally used on hair may not allow Minoxidil to get absorbed.
  • oils such as castor oil or coconut oil which are normally used on hair may not allow Minoxidil to get absorbed.
  • Castor oil acts as a barrier for Minoxidil to get absorbed in the skin while some others have reported that the applications of minoxidil and castor oil should have some time span of around 12 hrs.
  • Minoxidil and castor oil as actives in a single topical composition for treatment of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia has occurred to anyone.
  • Minoxidil is almost insoluble in castor oil, one cannot adopt conventional oil in water emulsion for this active. Minoxidil has better solubility in water of around 2.2 mg/ml and still better solubility in ethanol of around 29 mg/ml.
  • the inventors of the present invention have come up with w/o/w emulsion wherein Minoxidil is first dissolved in ethanol. This solution is added to oily phase having castor oil, surfactant(s) and preservatives. Adding minoxidil alcoholic solution in oil does not cause crystallization of minoxidil when alcohol is present in sufficient quantities and further when oily phase contains surfactant or mixture of surfactants.
  • Minoxidil can dissolve in 1 mg of ethanol.
  • 1 g emulgel preparation of the present invention has 10 mg of Minoxidil.
  • 0.34 mg of ethanol is required to dissolve 10 mg of Minoxidil. It is noted by conducting various experimentation that 10 mg of alcohol is sufficient to dissolve 10 mg of minoxidil in such a way that further addition of this alcoholic solution to oily phase does not cause crystallization of Minoxidil. Further, one or more surfactants are added to oily phase to further negate possibility of crystallization.
  • the amount of surfactant is lmg to 100 mg per 1 g of gel, preferably 10 mg to 100 mg per g of gel and more preferably, 20 to 80 mg per g of gel preparation, most preferably, 50 - 70 mg per g of gel preparation.
  • ethanol is used from 10 mg to 300 mg, preferably 50 mg to 200 mg for each 10 mg of Minoxidil.
  • Adding alcoholic phase containing Minoxidil to oily phase containing surfactants and preservatives produces w/o emulsion.
  • Further adding this w/o emulsion to an aqueous gel preparation prepared by soaking gelling agent in water produces w/o/w emulsion.
  • Minoxidil and castor oil combination is synergistic in nature, it has been possible to use only 20 % of Minoxidil i.e 10 mg instead of 50 mg per 1 g of composition. Using less quantity of Minoxidil enables use of less alcohol which can be as less as 10 mg per 1 g of gel even when 1 g gel contains 100 - 300 mg of castor oil. Finally, in spite of using such high amount of castor oil, inventors could produce w/o/w emulsion that provides plethora of advantages right from ease of application, of non-greasy and non-oily nature, easy to carry and apply and many others such as stable formulation, production feasibility and low-cost production, eye appealing and patient compliance etc.
  • the present invention provides a suitable and stable emulgel comprising i) 1 % Minoxidil ( ⁇ 10 %);
  • gelling agent preferably 0.1 to 5 % by weight and most preferably 0.1 to 3 % by weight of a gelling agent
  • a topical pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil, at least one solvent preferably ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, at least one surfactant preferably non-ionic surfactant, at least one gelling agent preferably carbopol, pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s) and viscosity builder(s).
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated in the form of emulgel.
  • the preparation can be used as an emollient, hair gel for hair growth on head, scalp or eyebrow.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil (+ 10 %);; castor oil from about 10-30% w/w (+ 10 %);; ethanol from about 1-30% w/w, more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10 w/w %; surfactant(s) from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably surfactant comprises one or more of Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and Span 80; carbopol from about 0.01-10% w/w, more preferably from about 0.1-3% w/w; pH adjusting agent(s), more preferably Triethanolamine (TEA); preservative(s), more preferably methyl paraben or propyl paraben; viscosity builder(s), more preferably propylene glycol and optionally, perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
  • Tween 80 Polysorbate 80
  • Span 80 Span 80
  • carbopol from about 0.01-10% w/w
  • the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil and castor oil from about 10-30% w/w.
  • the composition of the present invention further comprises at least one solvent.
  • the solvent(s) used in the present invention may be selected from ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerol or propylene glycol, more preferably ethanol or isopropyl alcohol.
  • the solvent used is preferably in the range of 1-30% w/w, and more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10%.
  • the composition of the present invention further comprises at least one surfactant, more preferably non-ionic surfactant(s).
  • the non-ionic surfactant(s) may be selected from polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, glucoside alkyl ethers, polyxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, polyoxyethyelene glycol alkylphenol ethers, glycerol alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters, and block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate and Sorbitan monooleate.
  • surfactants are Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate or polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) which is derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid and Sorbitan monooleate or Span 80 which is derived from sorbitan esters.
  • the surfactant(s) from about 1-10% w/w is typically used. In an embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 5 % w/w. In another embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 6 % w/w. In yet another embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 7 % w/w.
  • two surfactants are used in a combination.
  • the amounts in combination can be from 20: 1 to 1 :5, preferably from 15: 1 to 1 :2, more preferably from 10: 1 to 1: 1 and most preferably from 10: 1 to 5: 1.
  • Most preferred combination is Tween 80 and Span 80.
  • the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient which is selected from the group of additives known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients may be selected from gelling or thickening agent(s), pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s), viscosity builder(s), and the like.
  • Gelling agents are added to increase the viscosity. They undergo extensive cross-linking or entanglement when dissolved or dispersed.
  • the gelling agents may be selected from alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, calcium alginate, agar, carrageenan, locust bean gum (carbo gum), gelatin, xanthan, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), konjac mannan, gum tragacanth and carbopol or mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred gelling agent is carbopol, also known as carbomer. In an embodiment 0.5 - 2 % hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose is used as a gelling agent.
  • alginic acid is used as a gelling agent.
  • 0.1 - 0.5 % carrageenan is used as a gelling agent.
  • the pH is important in aqueous, drug-product formulations, especially, since it impacts drug solubility, activity, absorption, stability, sorption and patient comfort.
  • the pH is also related to certain physical characteristics, such as the viscosity of some polymers used as gel-forming agents and in suspensions.
  • the pH is adjusted by using acidifying and alkalizing agents. Preferably, the pH is adjusted between 5 to 6.5. Usually alkalizing agents are frequently required as pH before addition of alkalizing agent is below 5.
  • the said alkalizing agent may be organic, or inorganic selected from ammonium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium borate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, strong ammonia solution, zinc carbonate and triethanolamine (TEA). Most preferred pH adjusting agent is Triethanolamine (TEA).
  • Preservatives prevent the decomposition by undesirable chemical changes.
  • the said preservatives may be selected from 2-hydroxy biphenyl, benzoic acid, erythorbic acid, natamycin, nisin, ethyl paraben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate), methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sodium ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, phytic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, thiabendazole.
  • the most preferred preservatives are methyl paraben and propyl paraben.
  • Methyl and / or propyl paraben each in amounts from 0.01 to 0.5 % are preferred. Most preferred concentrations are from 0.05 to 0.1 %.
  • the instant invention may further comprise of a viscosity builder to maintain the viscosity of emulgel.
  • a viscosity builder to maintain the viscosity of emulgel.
  • Propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol can be used as viscosity builders.
  • the preferred viscosity builder is propylene glycol.
  • perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
  • the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a synergistic combination of 1% minoxidil and 10-30% w/w of castor oil.
  • the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil; castor oil from about 10-30% w/w; ethanol from about 1- 30% w/w, more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10%; surfactant from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and Span 80; carbopol from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably from about 0.1-3% w/w; pH adjusting agent(s), more preferably Triethanolamine (TEA); preservative(s), more preferably methyl paraben or propyl paraben; viscosity builder(s), more preferably propylene glycol and optionally, perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
  • minoxidil minoxidil
  • castor oil from about 10-30% w/w
  • ethanol from about 1- 30% w/w, more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10%
  • the present invention provides the topical pharmaceutical formulation in the form of an emulgel combining several advantages of emulsion and gel.
  • Emulgels for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable, emollient, non-staining, water soluble, longer shelf life and bio-friendly.
  • Advantages of using emulgel as a drug delivery system are already enumerated hereinbefore and include following advantages: hydrophobic drugs can be easily incorporated into gels using w/o/w emulsions, better stability, better production feasibility and low production cost, no intensive sonication, controlled release and patient compliance.
  • the emulgel is topical emulgel.
  • the oil globules present in the emulgel preparation are in the form of nanoparticles ranging from 1000-3000 nano meters, which enhances the bioavailability of the active ingredient.
  • the castor oil emulgel prepared in accordance with the present invention also archives a far greater action than the marketed minoxidil 5 % product for increasing length / height of hair and diameter of hair.
  • the castor oil emulgel contains
  • gelling agent preferably 0.1 to 5 % by weight and most preferably 0.1 to 3 % by weight of a gelling agent
  • the emulgel of minoxidil with castor oil of the present invention is prepared by a process which includes:
  • Emulsion preparation oil phase and alcoholic phases are prepared separately. Minoxidil is dissolved in alcohol viz. ethanol. One or more surfactants, one or more preservatives are added to castor oil. Emulsion is prepared by adding alcoholic phase in oil phase while proper mixing.
  • STEP 2 Gel base preparation: Gelling agent is properly soaked in water so as to form gel base. Sometimes gelling agent is dissolved by adding it in cold or hot water and stirred if required.
  • Emulgel preparation emulsion is incorporated into gel base and mixed properly. The pH is adjusted by using suitable pH adjusting agents. Normally, pH of the preformed gel is below 5 and is adjusted to above 5, preferably between 5 and 6 by adding pH adjusting agent such as Triethanolamine.
  • the castor oil emulgel is prepared in a similar way just omitting minoxidil. Following examples illustrate the invention without limiting its scope.
  • Table 1 Compositions of 9 different w/o/w emulgels prepared in accordance with present invention.
  • Emulsion - Alcoholic phase is added to oily phase while proper mixing to prepare emulsion.
  • Emulgel preparation Emulsion formed above is incorporated into gel base and mixed properly.
  • Castor oil emulgel is prepared exactly as above but without Minoxidil.
  • the same quantity of alcohol (ethanol) as used under example 1 is used in preparing castor oil emulgel.
  • Emulgel B 1 was applied for 21 days.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of two active ingredients minoxidil and castor oil for treating various dermatological conditions by administering the composition in topical form, particularly in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. Further the invention provides castor oil emulgel comprising 10 – 30 % castor oil as active ingredient for treating alopecia and the composition has achieved i) increase in density of hair ii) increase in diameter of hair and iii) increase in length / height of hair. The invention also provides novel processes to prepare above emulgel compositions to contain w/o/w emulsion. The emulgel compositions of the invention are also nanoemulgels.

Description

MINOXIDIL AND CASTOR OIL NANOEMULGEL FOR ALOPECIA
Field of the invention:
The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a combination of two active ingredients minoxidil and castor oil for treating various dermatological conditions by administering the composition in topical form, particularly in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. Background of the invention:
Castor oil is well known as a source of ricinoleic acid, a monosaturated, 18-carbon fatty acid. Among fatty acids, ricinoleic acid is unusual in that it has a hydroxyl functional group on the 12th carbon. This functional group causes ricinoleic acid (and castor oil) to be more polar than most fats. The chemical reactivity of the alcohol group also allows chemical derivatization that is not possible with most other seed oils. Because of its ricinoleic acid content, castor oil is a valuable chemical in feedstocks, commanding a higher price than other seed oils.
Castor oil promotes hair growth and helps control hair loss, fights dandruff and other scalp infections, tames frizzy hair and split ends, prevents premature graying, moisturize and condition hair. Castor oil can also be used to prevent hair from becoming dry and brittle. The ricin and the oil’s antimicrobial properties work together to protect the scalp from infections that can lead to dandruff and conditions like seborrheic dermatitis.
Minoxidil belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dialkylamines and it is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure. Minoxidil, a vasodilator medication known for its ability to slow or stop hair loss and promote hair regrowth, was first introduced, exclusively as an oral drug, to treat high blood pressure. It was however discovered to have the important side-effect of increasing growth or darkening of fine body hairs; this led to the development of a topical formulation as a 2% concentration solution for the treatment of female androgenic alopecia or 5% for treating male androgenic alopecia. Minoxidil is a potassium channel opener, causing hyperpolarization of cell membranes and it is also a vasodilator, it is speculated that, by widening blood vessels and opening potassium channels, it allows more oxygen, blood and nutrients to the follicle. This can also cause follicles in the telogen phase to shed, usually soon to be replaced by new, thicker hairs in a new anagen phase (Recent Pat Inflamm Allergy Drug Discov. 2012 May; 6 (2): 130-6). Canadian Patent CA002633489A1 is drawn to solidifying adhesive formulations, methods of drug delivery, and solidified layers for dermal delivery of a drug which can treat various dermatological conditions. The formulation can include a drug for treating dermatological conditions, a solvent vehicle including at least one volatile solvent, and a non-volatile solvent system, and a solidifying agent. One such dermatological condition is alopecia and one such drug is minoxidil.
US patent US20110212157A1 describes systems and methods for treating disorders and/or conditions associated with the dermal level of the skin. Methods generally involve administering nanoemulsions (e.g., nanoparticle compositions) comprising at least one therapeutic agent, such as botulinum toxin. One of the compositions specifically provided includes 100 units of botulinum toxin as active, soyabean oil 1.5 gm, Tween 80 5 gm. and 100 mL of deionized/distilled water. Several other catives are mentioned which includes minoxidil. Several oils and surfactants are mentioned which includes castor oil. There is no teaching of using castor oil as active with minoxidil.
Chinese patent CN103655459A discloses a multifunctional microemlusion gel preparation and a preparation process thereof. A multifunctional microemulsion gel formulation, characterized by comprising a drug, a cationic polymer, a gelling agent, a surfactant, co- surfactant, oil and water. Example 8 provides Minoxidil microemulsion gel formulation wherein first step is preparation of microemulsion using 3g minoxidil, 2.5 g oil which is oleic acid, 13.75 g surfactant octanoic acid / sodium glycolate, 6.5 g propylene glycol and 15 g ethanol. This patent specifically states difficulties faced in formulating minoxidil microemulsions and states as follows: (translation from European patent office)
Minoxidil is almost insoluble in water, and commercially available formulations usually contain large amounts of ethanol and propylene glycol, posing a safety hazard.
US20140322148A1 patent discloses a topical oil-based pharmaceutical composition for slowing or stopping hair loss and/or promoting hair regrowth, said composition comprising: (a) at least one therapeutic agent selected from a vasodilator, a prostaglandin analog, a 5- alpha-reductase inhibitor and a vitamin A analog; (b) at least one oil (such as castor oil); (c) a viscosity agent; (d) water, and (e) alcohol, wherein said composition is propylene glycol- free and does not reverse the effect of chemically or thermally straightened hair. This patent mentions a wide range of minoxidil as follows:
Broadly speaking, the minoxidil may be present in the present composition in an amount, which ranges from greater than about 0.01% w/w to about 8% w/w, and all combinations and subcombinations of ranges and specific amounts therein. ... In preferred embodiments, the minoxidil may be present in a concentration of greater than about 3% w/w, with concentrations of greater than about 3% w/w to about 8% w/w being more preferred. In other preferred embodiments, concentrations of greater than 3% w/w are preferred, with concentrations of from greater than 3% w/w to about 8% w/w being more preferred.
Claim 7 specifically covers minoxidil from 2 to 10 %. There is no teaching to use less than 2 % of Minoxidil. The US20070189980A1 patent application discloses a formulation for treating a subject suffering from alopecia, comprising:
a) a drug for treatment of alopecia, b) a solvent vehicle, comprising
i) a volatile solvent system comprising at least one volatile solvent, and
ii) a non-volatile solvent system comprising at least one non-volatile solvent
c) a solidifying agent,
The weight percentage of the volatile solvent system is from about 10 wt % to about 85 wt %, preferably from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt %.
Following composition is reported for Rogaine Foam 5% (minoxidil topical solution) : Each gram of cream-coloured foam contains 50 mg of minoxidil. Nonmedicinal ingredients: butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), stearyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, alcohol SD 40B, lactic acid, citric acid anhydrous, glycerol anhydrous, polysorbate 60, propellant Aeropin 70 (propane, butane, isobutane), and purified water.
Although several of the prior art references disclose minoxidil in topical form for treating alopecia and for slowing or stopping hair loss and/or promoting hair regrowth, none of the arts teach use of castor oil as active ingredient along with minoxidil in order to allow user to reduce amount of minoxidil for the same treatment. No art taught incorporating castor oil as active ingredient which can reduce requirement of minoxidil below 5 %, preferably below 2 % and most preferably 1 % or below.
The present invention has been developed based on sustained R & D efforts carried out by inventors of the present invention. The experiments have successfully proven that when castor oil is used in sufficient dosage, it acts as a synergist for Minoxidil and the amount required to treat alopecia drops to 50 % (for women where 2 % dosage is recommended) or to 33 % (where 3 % dosage is recommended) or to 20 % (for men where 5 % dosage is recommended). Additionally, there are other benefits for user of the formulations provided under this invention enumerated under the detailed description section. Objects of the invention:
The first object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil for treating various dermatological conditions.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. In the said composition, concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an emulgel preferably nanoemulgel comprising synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil which has better stability, better production feasibility and low production cost, no intensive sonication, controlled release and patient compliance.
One more object of the invention is to prepare and provide castor oil emulgel wherein castor oil is an active ingredient used in amounts 10-30 % to achieve one of the following i) increase in density of hair;
ii) increase in diameter of hair;
iii) increase in length of hair;
iv) treating alopecia.
Summary of the invention:
Under the first aspect, the invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for topical administration comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil as actives for treating various dermatological conditions, particularly the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. Since castor oil is used as active, it has to be used in certain percentage. The preferred amount of castor oil is 10-30 %, more preferred amount is 15 - 30 % and most preferred amount is 20 - 30 %.
In an embodiment, 20 % castor oil is used. In another embodiment 24 % castor oil is used and in yet another embodiment, 28 % castor oil is used.
The composition is such that it can incorporate emulsion, preferably nanoemulsion having nanoparticles of oil globules of size 1000 - 3000 nm. Preferably, composition is emulgel, preferably a nonoemulgel wherein nanoemulsion is transformed into a gel composition. Thus, preferably a gel composition incorporates nanoemulsion containing nanoparticles of castor oil and minoxidil. This nanoparticulate size enhances bioavailability / uptake of actives. Further a gel composition provides a convenient form for day to day application without hair becoming excessively oily or dry or stiff. The suitable inactives include one or more of solvent, surfactant, gelling agent, pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s) and viscosity builder(s).
Under second aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. In the said composition, concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions.
The minoxidil marketed formulations for men and women have 5 % of Minoxidil active and 2 % of Minoxidil active respectively.
Due to unwanted side effects, minoxidil is used at a concentration as low as possible. It was thought that topical preparations containing still lower concentrations of minoxidil cannot ensure a enough therapeutic effect. Thus, no marketed formulation ever contained less than 2 % minoxidil. Moreover, idea of reducing minoxidil from 5 % to 1 % looks to achieve same therapeutic effect looked absurd. Thus, this long felt need of developing minoxidil compositions having lower concentrations of minoxidil which can produce at least same but preferably better effect than that of 5 % minoxidil compositions has been fulfilled by combining minoxidil with certain amount of castor oil in emulsion preferably a nonoemulsion preparation. This emulsion preferably a nanoemulsion composition is further incorporated into a gel composition for several benefits including stability, ease of application and convenience.
Second aspect also includes using 2 % or higher Minoxidil and achieving much higher effect than that achieved by any marketed composition. The other ingredients and their quantities will not much vary from already stated amounts for 1 % Minoxidil.
The third aspect of the present invention is to provide suitable and stable emulgel preferably a nanoemulgel i.e. gel containing nanoparticles which are oil globules of size 1000 nm to 3000 nm or less. Under this aspect, a stable emulgel or stable nanoemulgel is produced. Emulgel has better stability than emulsion or a gel. The pH of the gel is adjusted to above 4, preferably above 5, more preferably between 5 and 6 to provide optimum stability. There are several aspects of suitable emulgel of the present invention such as stability, lower production cost, better patient compliance and greater production feasibility. Most of the topical compositions contain large amounts of solvents particularly alcoholic solvents. Present invention incorporates not more than 30 %, preferably not more than 20 %, more preferably not more than 10 % and most preferably around or less than 5 % of alcoholic solvent.
The fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide suitable and stable emulgel of castor oil wherein castor oil is an active ingredient used in amounts 10-30 % to achieve one of the following
i) increase in density of hair;
ii) increase in diameter of hair;
iii) increase in length of hair;
iv) treating alopecia. Detailed description of the invention:
Minoxidil is a potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in blood pressure. The mechanism(s) by which topically applied minoxidil and/or a metabolite of the drug stimulate vertex hair regrowth in androgenic (male- pattern) alopecia or other forms of alopecia has not been fully elucidated. However, because minoxidil has stimulated hair regrowth in several forms of alopecia, it appears that the drug acts at the level of the hair follicle, possibly involving direct stimulation of hair follicle epithelial growth. While increased scalp blood flow resulting from local vaso-dilation often has been proposed as a principal mechanism of minoxidil effect on hair growth, this mechanism has not been substantiated consistently and not all vasodilators produce hypertrichosis. Studies in animal cell cultures indicate that minoxidil directly induces proliferation of hair epithelial cells near the base of the hair follicle and increases incorporation of cysteine and glycine into the follicle; cysteine residues crosslink to form cystine, which provides strength to the hair shaft. The drug also appears to induce hypertrophy of existing small follicles, prolong the anagen phase of the hair follicle, and accelerate the cyclic turnover of vellus hair follicles, enabling these follicles to produce thick, terminal hair; these effects result in a decrease in vellus hair follicles, an increase in terminal hair follicles, and an increase in the diameter of the hair shaft. Biopsy specimens obtained after topical treatment with minoxidil demonstrate enlargement of pre-existing hair follicles but no evidence of new hair follicle formation.
Castor oil has been used for centuries for its therapeutic and medicinal benefits. Recently scope of castor oil as an antifungal agent and particularly for topical application is recognized.
Under the first aspect, the invention provides a topical pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil as actives for treating various dermatological conditions, particularly the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia.
Since castor oil is used as active, it must be used in certain percentage. The preferred amount of castor oil is 10-30 % (+ 10 %);, more preferred amount is 15 - 30 % (+ 10 %);and most preferred amount is 20 - 30 % (+ 10 %);.
In an embodiment, composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 20 % castor oil. In one more embodiment, composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 24 % castor oil. In yet another embodiment, composition comprises 1 % Minoxidil and 28 % castor oil.
Under second aspect, the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination, containing lower concentration of minoxidil, useful in the topical treatment (regrowth) of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia. In the said composition, concentration of Minoxidil is reduced substantially and significantly from its concentration currently used in marketed compositions. It has been surprisingly found by the inventors of the resent invention that Minoxidil and castor oil containing compositions for topical treatment produce much better results than castor oil preparations alone and Minoxidil preparations alone. Particularly, such compositions are synergistic in nature in enhancing density of hair or increasing number of hair follicles. Castor oil compositions in the form of emulgel provide increase in height of the hair as well as in diameter of hair when compared to normal control which does not employ any treatment. However, castor oil preparations do not substantially increase hair density or cause increase in the number of hair follicles. From In vivo hair growth studies conducted in Albino male mice, surprising results are obtained.
Minoxidil preparation used for the studies as a reference product is a foam preparation that contained 5 % Minoxidil. This marketed product had shown marginal increase around 10-12 % in diameter of hair when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment. When 5
% minoxidil makes marginal impact, one can ascertain that 1 % minoxidil would not make any measurable impact. However, it is surprisingly found that combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has provided around 46 % increase in diameter of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment. Further it is found that combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has provided around 28% increase in diameter of hair when compared to 5 % Minoxidil marketed preparation.
Further, Minoxidil 5 % foam preparation has provided around 20 % increase in the height of hair when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment. Hence it is anticipated that 1 % Minoxidil would not make much impact. However, it is surprisingly found that combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition has also provided around 20 % increase in height of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment.
Further, most surprising results are obtained in hair density studies. Minoxidil 5 % foam preparation has provided around 33 % increase in the density of hair / number of hair follicles when compared with normal control devoid of any treatment. Hence it is anticipated that 1 % Minoxidil would make only marginal impact. However, it is surprisingly found that combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition, preferably in a nanoemulgel composition, has provided around 100 % increase in density of hair when compared to a normal control devoid of any treatment (60 hair follicles vs. 30 hair follicles), 50 % increase in density of hair when compared to a Minoxidil 5 % marketed product (60 hair follicles vs. 40 hair follicles) and 71 % increase in density of hair when compared to castor oil emulgel (60 hair follicles vs. 35 hair follicles).
The emulgel comprising combination of 1 % minoxidil (+ 10 %); and from 20 - 30 % castor oil (+ 10 %); both as actives thus achieve each of the following
i) increase in the density of hair;
ii) increase in the diameter of hair; and
iii) increase in the length of hair.
Thus, combination of 1 % Minoxidil (+ 10 %); and 20 % castor oil (+ 10 %); in an emulgel composition can replace 5 % marketed preparation of Minoxidil and will provide profound increase in density of hair, significant increase in diameter of hair and similar increase in height of the hair.
Castor oil emulgel prepared for comparison has also provided significant increase in height and diameter of hair. However, density of hair is not much impacted. All these studies are presented under various embodiments of this invention. Second aspect also includes using 2 % or higher Minoxidil and achieving much higher effect than that achieved by any marketed composition. The other ingredients and their quantities will not much vary from already stated amounts for 1 % Minoxidil.
Under the third aspect, a suitable and stable emulgel is prepared. Emulgel should be stable in that there should not be any phase separation of oil or crystallization of active and the appearance of the gel should be eye appealing.
There is a belief that castor oil and Minoxidil should not be used together. Minoxidil has very low solubilities or almost no solubilities in oils in general and hence oils such as castor oil or coconut oil which are normally used on hair may not allow Minoxidil to get absorbed. Some have reported that Castor oil acts as a barrier for Minoxidil to get absorbed in the skin while some others have reported that the applications of minoxidil and castor oil should have some time span of around 12 hrs.
Never before an idea of combining Minoxidil and castor oil as actives in a single topical composition for treatment of androgenic alopecia in males and females and stabilization of hair loss in patients with androgenic alopecia has occurred to anyone.
Since Minoxidil is almost insoluble in castor oil, one cannot adopt conventional oil in water emulsion for this active. Minoxidil has better solubility in water of around 2.2 mg/ml and still better solubility in ethanol of around 29 mg/ml. The inventors of the present invention have come up with w/o/w emulsion wherein Minoxidil is first dissolved in ethanol. This solution is added to oily phase having castor oil, surfactant(s) and preservatives. Adding minoxidil alcoholic solution in oil does not cause crystallization of minoxidil when alcohol is present in sufficient quantities and further when oily phase contains surfactant or mixture of surfactants.
By the solubilities provided above, 29 mg of Minoxidil can dissolve in 1 mg of ethanol. 1 g emulgel preparation of the present invention has 10 mg of Minoxidil. Theoretically, 0.34 mg of ethanol is required to dissolve 10 mg of Minoxidil. It is noted by conducting various experimentation that 10 mg of alcohol is sufficient to dissolve 10 mg of minoxidil in such a way that further addition of this alcoholic solution to oily phase does not cause crystallization of Minoxidil. Further, one or more surfactants are added to oily phase to further negate possibility of crystallization. The amount of surfactant is lmg to 100 mg per 1 g of gel, preferably 10 mg to 100 mg per g of gel and more preferably, 20 to 80 mg per g of gel preparation, most preferably, 50 - 70 mg per g of gel preparation.
In various experiments conducted, ethanol is used from 10 mg to 300 mg, preferably 50 mg to 200 mg for each 10 mg of Minoxidil. Adding alcoholic phase containing Minoxidil to oily phase containing surfactants and preservatives produces w/o emulsion. Further adding this w/o emulsion to an aqueous gel preparation prepared by soaking gelling agent in water produces w/o/w emulsion.
Because it is surprisingly noted that Minoxidil and castor oil combination is synergistic in nature, it has been possible to use only 20 % of Minoxidil i.e 10 mg instead of 50 mg per 1 g of composition. Using less quantity of Minoxidil enables use of less alcohol which can be as less as 10 mg per 1 g of gel even when 1 g gel contains 100 - 300 mg of castor oil. Finally, in spite of using such high amount of castor oil, inventors could produce w/o/w emulsion that provides plethora of advantages right from ease of application, of non-greasy and non-oily nature, easy to carry and apply and many others such as stable formulation, production feasibility and low-cost production, eye appealing and patient compliance etc.
The present invention provides a suitable and stable emulgel comprising i) 1 % Minoxidil (± 10 %);
ii) and around 10 - 30 % (+ 10 %); by weight, preferably 15 - 30 % (+ 10 %); by weight and most preferably from 20 - 30 % (+ 10 %) by weight castor oil;
iii) around 0.1 to 10 % by weight, preferably 1 - 10 % by weight and more preferably 2 - 8 % by weight and most preferably 5 - 7 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iv) 0.01% to 10% by weight of gelling agent, preferably 0.1 to 5 % by weight and most preferably 0.1 to 3 % by weight of a gelling agent;
v) one or more preservatives, viscosity builder and pH adjusting agent; and
vi) optionally perfume or fragrance.
According to the present invention there is provided a topical pharmaceutical composition comprising a synergistic combination of minoxidil and castor oil, at least one solvent preferably ethanol or isopropyl alcohol, at least one surfactant preferably non-ionic surfactant, at least one gelling agent preferably carbopol, pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s) and viscosity builder(s). The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be formulated in the form of emulgel. The preparation can be used as an emollient, hair gel for hair growth on head, scalp or eyebrow.
In an embodiment, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil (+ 10 %);; castor oil from about 10-30% w/w (+ 10 %);; ethanol from about 1-30% w/w, more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10 w/w %; surfactant(s) from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably surfactant comprises one or more of Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and Span 80; carbopol from about 0.01-10% w/w, more preferably from about 0.1-3% w/w; pH adjusting agent(s), more preferably Triethanolamine (TEA); preservative(s), more preferably methyl paraben or propyl paraben; viscosity builder(s), more preferably propylene glycol and optionally, perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
In an embodiment, the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil and castor oil from about 10-30% w/w. The composition of the present invention further comprises at least one solvent.
The solvent(s) used in the present invention may be selected from ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, glycerol or propylene glycol, more preferably ethanol or isopropyl alcohol. The solvent used is preferably in the range of 1-30% w/w, and more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10%. The composition of the present invention further comprises at least one surfactant, more preferably non-ionic surfactant(s). The non-ionic surfactant(s) may be selected from polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, glucoside alkyl ethers, polyxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, polyoxyethyelene glycol alkylphenol ethers, glycerol alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters, and block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate and Sorbitan monooleate. Most preferred surfactants are Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate or polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) which is derived from polyethoxylated sorbitan and oleic acid and Sorbitan monooleate or Span 80 which is derived from sorbitan esters. The surfactant(s) from about 1-10% w/w is typically used. In an embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 5 % w/w. In another embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 6 % w/w. In yet another embodiment, one or more surfactants are used in 7 % w/w.
In an embodiment, two surfactants are used in a combination. The amounts in combination can be from 20: 1 to 1 :5, preferably from 15: 1 to 1 :2, more preferably from 10: 1 to 1: 1 and most preferably from 10: 1 to 5: 1. Most preferred combination is Tween 80 and Span 80.
The topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention further comprises at least one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient which is selected from the group of additives known to a person skilled in the art.
Based upon the topical dosage form the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients may be selected from gelling or thickening agent(s), pH adjusting agent(s), preservative(s), viscosity builder(s), and the like.
Gelling agents are added to increase the viscosity. They undergo extensive cross-linking or entanglement when dissolved or dispersed. The gelling agents may be selected from alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, calcium alginate, agar, carrageenan, locust bean gum (carbo gum), gelatin, xanthan, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), konjac mannan, gum tragacanth and carbopol or mixtures thereof. The preferred gelling agent is carbopol, also known as carbomer. In an embodiment 0.5 - 2 % hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose is used as a gelling agent. In another embodiment 2 - 3 % alginic acid is used as a gelling agent. In yet another embodiment 0.1 - 0.5 % carrageenan is used as a gelling agent. The pH is important in aqueous, drug-product formulations, especially, since it impacts drug solubility, activity, absorption, stability, sorption and patient comfort. The pH is also related to certain physical characteristics, such as the viscosity of some polymers used as gel-forming agents and in suspensions. The pH is adjusted by using acidifying and alkalizing agents. Preferably, the pH is adjusted between 5 to 6.5. Usually alkalizing agents are frequently required as pH before addition of alkalizing agent is below 5.
The said alkalizing agent may be organic, or inorganic selected from ammonium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, sodium borate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, strong ammonia solution, zinc carbonate and triethanolamine (TEA). Most preferred pH adjusting agent is Triethanolamine (TEA).
Preservatives prevent the decomposition by undesirable chemical changes. The said preservatives may be selected from 2-hydroxy biphenyl, benzoic acid, erythorbic acid, natamycin, nisin, ethyl paraben (ethyl para-hydroxybenzoate), methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sodium ethyl parahydroxybenzoate, phytic acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, thiabendazole. The most preferred preservatives are methyl paraben and propyl paraben.
Methyl and / or propyl paraben each in amounts from 0.01 to 0.5 % are preferred. Most preferred concentrations are from 0.05 to 0.1 %.
The instant invention may further comprise of a viscosity builder to maintain the viscosity of emulgel. Propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol can be used as viscosity builders. The preferred viscosity builder is propylene glycol.
Optionally, perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
Additional anti-fungal agent(s) or hair grooming agent(s) can be used in the emulgel of the present invention. In an embodiment, the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises a synergistic combination of 1% minoxidil and 10-30% w/w of castor oil.
In still another embodiment, the topical pharmaceutical composition of the present invention comprises 1% w/w of minoxidil; castor oil from about 10-30% w/w; ethanol from about 1- 30% w/w, more preferably from about 5-20% w/w and most preferably from 5-10%; surfactant from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably Polysorbate 80 (Tween 80) and Span 80; carbopol from about 0.1-10% w/w, more preferably from about 0.1-3% w/w; pH adjusting agent(s), more preferably Triethanolamine (TEA); preservative(s), more preferably methyl paraben or propyl paraben; viscosity builder(s), more preferably propylene glycol and optionally, perfume(s) may be added for fragrance.
The present invention provides the topical pharmaceutical formulation in the form of an emulgel combining several advantages of emulsion and gel. Emulgels for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable, emollient, non-staining, water soluble, longer shelf life and bio-friendly. Advantages of using emulgel as a drug delivery system are already enumerated hereinbefore and include following advantages: hydrophobic drugs can be easily incorporated into gels using w/o/w emulsions, better stability, better production feasibility and low production cost, no intensive sonication, controlled release and patient compliance.
According to the present invention, the emulgel is topical emulgel. The oil globules present in the emulgel preparation are in the form of nanoparticles ranging from 1000-3000 nano meters, which enhances the bioavailability of the active ingredient.
It has been surprisingly found during the present study that the castor oil emulgel prepared in accordance with the present invention also archives a far greater action than the marketed minoxidil 5 % product for increasing length / height of hair and diameter of hair. The castor oil emulgel contains
i) around 10 - 30 % (+ 10 %); by weight, preferably 15 - 30 % (+ 10 %); by weight and most preferably from 20 - 30 % (+ 10 %) by weight castor oil;
ii) around 0.1 to 10 % by weight, preferably 1 - 10 % by weight and more preferably 2 - 8 % by weight and most preferably 5 - 7 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iii) 0.01% to 10% by weight of gelling agent, preferably 0.1 to 5 % by weight and most preferably 0.1 to 3 % by weight of a gelling agent;
iv) one or more preservatives, viscosity builder and pH adjusting agent; and
v) optionally perfume or fragrance. The emulgel of minoxidil with castor oil of the present invention is prepared by a process which includes:
STEP 1: Emulsion preparation: oil phase and alcoholic phases are prepared separately. Minoxidil is dissolved in alcohol viz. ethanol. One or more surfactants, one or more preservatives are added to castor oil. Emulsion is prepared by adding alcoholic phase in oil phase while proper mixing.
STEP 2: Gel base preparation: Gelling agent is properly soaked in water so as to form gel base. Sometimes gelling agent is dissolved by adding it in cold or hot water and stirred if required.
STEP 3: Emulgel preparation: emulsion is incorporated into gel base and mixed properly. The pH is adjusted by using suitable pH adjusting agents. Normally, pH of the preformed gel is below 5 and is adjusted to above 5, preferably between 5 and 6 by adding pH adjusting agent such as Triethanolamine.
The castor oil emulgel is prepared in a similar way just omitting minoxidil. Following examples illustrate the invention without limiting its scope.
Experimental details
Example 1
A series of experiments with nine formulations represented as Al, A2, A3, Bl, B2, B3, Cl, C2 and C3 were conducted.
Table 1: Compositions of 9 different w/o/w emulgels prepared in accordance with present invention.
Figure imgf000020_0001
Process
1. Preparation of oily phase - Surfactants Tween 80 and Span 80 are added to castor oil to prepare oily phase.
2. Preparation of alcoholic phase - Drug Minoxidil is dissolved in alcohol to prepare alcoholic phase.
3. Preparation of Emulsion - Alcoholic phase is added to oily phase while proper mixing to prepare emulsion.
4. Preparation of Gel base - Carbopol is soaked in water to prepare Gel base.
5. Emulgel preparation: Emulsion formed above is incorporated into gel base and mixed properly.
6. adding one or more of preservative, viscosity builder and pH adjusting agent if needed to adjust pH of the above emulgel to a pH between 5 and 6.
Example 2
Figure imgf000021_0001
Castor oil emulgel is prepared exactly as above but without Minoxidil. The same quantity of alcohol (ethanol) as used under example 1 is used in preparing castor oil emulgel.
Example 3 IN-VIVO HAIR GROWTH STUDIES
In-vivo hair growth studies were done on Albino male mice.
Table 2: Groups for animal study
Figure imgf000022_0001
Procedure:
• Hair on the thoracic part of the mice were removed using hair removal cream.
· Emulgel B 1 was applied for 21 days.
• Results were observed visually, and the length and thickness of hair and number of hair follicles were measured.
Table 3: Histopathology data showing increase in density of mice hair
Figure imgf000022_0002
Figure imgf000023_0001
Table 4: Histopathology data showing increase in Diameter of hair
Figure imgf000023_0002
Table 5: Histopathology data showing increase in Height of hair / length of hair
Figure imgf000023_0003
Conclusion
• Combination of Minoxidil and Castor oil in a composition for topical administration shows synergistic effect.
• Use of Castor oil reduces the required dose of Minoxidil used for treatment of hair loss and for better and healthy hair growth to 20 % of its original dose (from 5 % to 1 % for same or enhanced effect.)
• Castor oil emulgel alone without minoxidil actives increase in length of hair and diameter of hair. It will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art that varying substitutions and modifications may be made to the invention disclosed herein. Thus, although the present invention has been specifically disclosed by the preferred embodiments and optional features, modification and variation of the concepts herein disclosed may be resorted to by those skilled in the art, and such modifications and variations are falling within the scope of the invention.
It is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.

Claims

Claims
We claim 1. An emulgel composition comprising combination of minoxidil and castor oil both as active ingredients for topical application for treatment of alopecia.
2. The emulgel composition according to the claim 1 comprising 1 % minoxidil and from 10 - 30 % of castor oil or the emulgel composition according to the claim 1 comprising 10 mg (+ 10 %) of minoxidil and 100 - 300 (+ 10 %) mg castor oil per gram (+ 10 %) of emulgel.
3. The emulgel composition according to the claim 2 comprising
i) 1 % minoxidil by weight (+ 10 %);
ii) 10 - 30 % by weight of castor oil (+ 10 %);
iii) 1 - 10 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iv) 5 - 20 % by weight of solvent selected from ethanol and isopropyl alcohol;
v) 0.1 - 5 % by weight of a gelling agent;
vi) one or more preservatives, pH adjusting agent(s), viscosity builders.
4. An emulgel composition comprising combination of minoxidil and castor oil both as active ingredients for topical application for achieving at least one of the following
i) increase in density of hair;
ii) increase in diameter of hair;
iii) increase in length of hair;
iv) treatment of alopecia.
5. The emulgel composition according to the claim 4 comprising 1 % minoxidil and from 10 - 30 % of castor oil or the emulgel composition according to the claim 5 comprising 10 mg (+ 10 %) of minoxidil and 100 - 300 (+ 10 %) mg castor oil per gram (+ 10 %) of emulgel.
6. The emulgel composition according to the claim 1 or 4 comprising
i) 1 % minoxidil (+ 10 %);
ii) 20 - 30 % (+ 10 %) by weight of castor oil;
iii) 5 - 7 % by weight of a one or more surfactants;
iv) 5 - 10 % by weight of a solvent selected from ethanol and isopropyl alcohol;
v) 0.1 - 3 % by weight of a gelling agent;
vi) one or more preservatives, pH adjusting agent(s), viscosity builders.
7. An emulgel composition comprising castor oil as an active ingredient for topical application wherein the emulgel comprises
i) 10 - 30 % by weight of castor oil (+ 10 %);
ii) 1 - 10 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iii) 5 - 20 % by weight of solvent selected from ethanol and isopropyl alcohol;
iv) 0.1 - 5 % by weight of a gelling agent;
v) one or more preservatives, pH adjusting agent(s), viscosity builders.
for achieving at least one of the following
i) increase in density of hair
ii) increase in diameter of hair
iii) increase in length of hair.
iv) treatment of alopecia.
8. The emulgel composition according to claim 3 or 7 wherein
i) surfactant is one or more from polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, glucoside alkyl ethers, polyxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, polyoxyethyelene glycol alkylphenol ethers, glycerol alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters, and block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate and Sorbitan monooleate;
ii) gelling agent is one or more from alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, calcium alginate, agar, carrageenan, locust bean gum (carbo gum), gelatin, xanthan, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), konjac mannan, gum tragacanth and carbopol or mixtures thereof;
iii) one or more of parabens, propylene glycol, triethanolamine.
9. A process for preparation of an emulgel composition characterized in comprising combination of minoxidil and castor oil both as active ingredients for topical application for treating alopecia or for achieving at least one of the following
a) increase in density of hair
b) increase in diameter of hair
c) increase in length of hair
wherein the process comprises
i). preparation of oily phase by adding oil soluble ingredients such as surfactants to castor oil to prepare oily phase;
ii) preparation of alcoholic phase by adding and dissolving alcohol soluble ingredients such as Minoxidil in alcohol to prepare alcoholic phase;
iii) preparation of emulsion by adding the alcoholic phase to oily phase while proper mixing to prepare an emulsion;
iv). preparation of gel base by soaking carbopol in water;
v). emulgel preparation by incorporating emulsion formed above into gel base and mixing; vi). adding one or more of preservative, viscosity builder and pH adjusting agent if needed to adjust pH of the above emulgel to a pH between 5 and 6.
10. A process for preparation of an emulgel composition characterized in comprising castor oil as an active ingredient for topical application for treating alopecia or for achieving at least one of the following
a) increase in density of hair
b) increase in diameter of hair
c) increase in length of hair
wherein the process comprises i). preparation of oily phase by adding oil soluble ingredients such as surfactants to castor oil to prepare oily phase;
ii) preparation of alcoholic phase by taking required amount of alcohol;
iii) preparation of emulsion by adding the alcoholic phase to oily phase while proper mixing to prepare an emulsion;
iv). preparation of gel base by soaking carbopol in water;
v). emulgel preparation by incorporating emulsion formed above into gel base and mixing; vi). adding one or more of preservative, viscosity builder and pH adjusting agent if needed to adjust pH of the above emulgel to a pH between 5 and 6.
11. The process for preparation of an emulgel composition as claimed in claim 9 wherein each ingredient is used in following amounts,
i) 1 % minoxidil (+ 10 %);
ii) 10 - 30 % of castor oil (+ 10 %);
iii) 1 - 10 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iv) 5 - 20 % by weight of alcohol selected from ethanol or isopropyl alcohol;
v) 0.1 - 5 % by weight of a gelling agent;
vi) one or more preservatives, pH adjusting agent(s), viscosity builders.
12. The process for preparation of an emulgel composition as claimed in claim 10 wherein each ingredient is used in following amounts,
i) 10 - 30 % of castor oil (+ 10 %);
ii) 1 - 10 % by weight of one or more surfactants;
iii) 5 - 20 % by weight of alcohol selected from ethanol or isopropyl alcohol;
iv) 0.1 - 5 % by weight of a gelling agent;
v) one or more preservatives, pH adjusting agent(s), viscosity builders.
13. The process for preparation of an emulgel composition as claimed in claim 11 or 12 wherein i) surfactant is one or more from polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers, polyoxypropylene glycol alkyl ethers, glucoside alkyl ethers, polyxyethylene glycol octylphenol ethers, polyoxyethyelene glycol alkylphenol ethers, glycerol alkyl esters, sorbitan alkyl esters, and block copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof, Polyoxyethylene 20 sorbitan monooleate and Sorbitan monooleate;
ii) gelling agent is one or more from alginic acid, sodium alginate, potassium alginate, calcium alginate, agar, carrageenan, locust bean gum (carbo gum), gelatin, xanthan, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC), konjac mannan, gum tragacanth and carbopol or mixtures thereof;
iii) paraben is one or more of methyl and propyl paraben and pH adjusting agent is triethanolamine.
14. The emulgel composition according to the any of the preceding claims wherein the emulgel contains w/o/w emulsion.
15. The emulgel composition according to the any of the preceding claims is a nanoemulgel.
PCT/IN2019/050909 2018-12-11 2019-12-11 Minoxidil and castor oil nanoemulgel for alopecia WO2020121329A1 (en)

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